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SSP Bulletin 1996 Vol. 6 No. 2

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Bulletin of the SCANDINAVIAN SOCIETY FOR PARASITOLOGY WITH PROCEEDINGS FROM SSP SPECIAL SYMPOSIUM, PARASITES AND ECOLOGY OF MARINE AND COASTAL BIRDS, STYKKISHOLMUR, ICELAND 15-18 JUNE 1996 Vol. 6 No. 2 1996 for of di!Hlllll!ll nllllllS. I cl!ns to jlliij('i(S, All nwd by the 1lw I'llhi isher. l'ih'•·nhll� fi.ir J»arasitologi) 11 Y ll spreads its limbs over the h nl tlwm �.ucking water from its own m IIH· 11 told North; next to the spring, the ,,1 tlw l!Hlls of the ash. The second spring ­ lnm mul1'• )ltlilrdnl by Mfrnir. The third spring ­ I J,;\,llhliu!HI •nwo, llw I'�PII�:;, whiL:h mete out man's thread of I ill· PrintL�d in Nonvay by liS Trykk A/S ISSN 0803-4907 -- . r - EMO , AAAM ATUKOGI · PROCEEDINGS of the symposium on PARASITES AND ECOLOGY OF MARINE AND COASTAL BIRDS, arranged on behalf of the Scandinavian Society for Parasitology in Stykkish6lmur, Iceland June 15 -June 18, 1996 Editors: Karl Skfrnisson and Arne Skorping Organizing and Scientific Secretariat: Institute for Experimental Pathology, Keldur, University of Iceland, IS-112 Reykjavik, Iceland. Tel: +354 567 4700, Fax: +354 567 3979, e-mail: [email protected] ii Scientific Programme and Organizing Committee: Karl Skirnisson, Keldur, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, kcland (chairman) Kurt Buchmann, RVA University of Copenhagen, Denmark Hans-Peter Fagerholm, Abo Academy University, Finland Arne Skorping, University of Tromsl<), Norway Jan Thulin, Inst. of Marine Research, Lysekil, Sweden Local Organizing Committee: Karl Skirnisson, Keldur, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (Chairman) Arn6r I>6rir Sigfusson, Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Reykjavik, Iceland Kristinn H. Skarpheoinsson, Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Reykjavik, Iceland Sponsors: The generous support from the following sponsors is gratefully acknowledged: -The Scandinavian Society for Parasitology (SSP) -Nordic Academy for Advanced Studies (NorFA) -Nordic Council fo r Wildlife Research (NKV) -Clara Lachmanns Fond, Sweden -The Icelandic Ministry of Agriculture -The Icelandic Eider-breeder's Association - The Town of Stykkisholmur -Inst. for Experimental Pathology, Keldur, University of Iceland iii IV PREFACE During June 15-18, 1996 a special symposium on Parasites 111111 Fm/ogy r�f Marine and Coastal Birds was held on behalf of the Scandinavian SociL· Ly for Parasitology in Stykkish6lmur, Iceland. This was the second spGcial syn1posium arranged in Iceland on behalf of the Society. The first one dealt with Parasitl's of biological and economic significance in the aquatic environment, - Thirty years (�l research and fu ture trends- and was held on Heimaey in the Westmann Islands July 2 - 6, 1994. The purpose of the symposium on Parasites and Ecology of Marine and Coastal Birds was to bring together parasitologists, ecologists and ornithologist for the exchange of ideas and information and to develop cooperative projects in marine and coastal bird ecology. Papers based on the plenary lectures given by the invited speakers as well as the abstracts of the submitted oral and poster presentations are published in this special ISSUe. Participants are thanked for their valuable contributions to the success of the symposium. Furthermore the organizing committees wish to thank the Iceland Tourist Bureau (ITB Congrex) in Reykjavik and all the helpful individuals involved in the practical planning and accomplishment of the symposium for valuable assistance. Last but not least we wish to express our deepest gratitude to the sponsors of the symposium. Their financial aid made the symposium possible and supported the participation of many scientists which considerably increased the scientific value of the meeting. Support from the Scandinavian Society for Parasitology, NorFA, NKV and the Clara Lachmanns Fond made it possible to produce an unusually thick and informative issue of the SSP Bulletin. Autumn 1996 K. Skfrnisson A. Skorping V CONTENTS INVITED LECTURES Factors influencing the prey choice of marine birds in multiple prey situations Bustnes, }an Ove ..... ..................... .... .... .... .... .... ... .. .. ......... ..... ..... .... ... ............................. I Nematode parasites of marine- and shore birds, and their role as pathogens Fagerholm, Hans-Peter ................ ........................ .... ... ......... .......... .... ... .. ................ .. ... 16 Life cycles and distribution of seabird helminths in arctic and sub-arctic regions Galaktionov, Kirill V ................... .......................... ..... ....... .. ..... ......... .............. ............. 31 Impact of seabird helminths on host populations and coastal ecosystems Galaktionov, Kirill V ... ... ......... ............. .... ..... ............................. ............................., .... 50 Fauna! diversity among avian parasite assemblages: The interaction of history, ecology, and biogeography in marine systems Hoberg, Eric P. ... ............................. ... .. ............ .... ................ .. ............... ......................65 The common eider: Ecological and economical aspects Skarpheoinsson, Kristinn Haukur ......... ............ ........... ..................... ........ ....... ....... ....90 Why should marine and coastal bird ecologists bother about parasites? Skorping, Arne ............ .... .. .................. ................. ... .......................... .... .. .............. ........98 Ecological implications of Hematozoa in birds Valkiiinas, Gediminas .. ..... .. .. ............................ ........ ......... .. .. ... .... .............. ...............103 SUBMITTED PAPER Trematode infestation as a factor in shorebird oversummering: A case study of the greater yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca) McNeil, Raymond, Marcos T. Dfaz, Belkys Casanova, Michel Thibault & A lain Villeneuve ..................................................... ........................................... ........ 114 SUBMITTED ABSTRACTS OF ORAL AND POSTER PRESENTATIONS The Acuarioid nematodes (Acuarioidea) of the upper digestive tract of New World waders and their transmission in marine environments Anderson, R.C. & P.L. Wong ..................... ....................................... ........................ .. 118 Ephemerality in Filarioid nematodes (Eulimdana spp.) found subcutaneously in charadriiforms and transmitted by lice Bartlett, CherylM . ....... ........................................................... ............................ ... ....118 A new trematode of the family Philophthalmidae Travassos, 1918 in the American oystercatcher, Haematopus palliatus in the North-East coastal of Venezuela Dfaz, Marcos Tulio & Ramos, Susana .............. .........................................................119 vi Ticks Ixodes uriae and their participation in circulation of arbovimses in hrcL�ding colonies on the Barents Sea coast Efremova, Galina & Alexander Gembitzky* ....... ..... .. ... ..... ..... ... ....... ............... /20 Gulls (Laridae) in Iceland as final hosts for digenean trematodes Eydal, Matthlas, Brynja Gunnlaugsd6ttir & Droplaug Olafsd6ttir . ........ ..... ............ 120 The role of Black Sea marine and coastal birds in infections of fish and molluscs with trematodes Gaevskaja, Albina & Vladimir Machkevsky* ............................................................ 121 Gut parasite load and diet of waders: Methods and first results Le Drean-Quenec'hdu, Sophie & John Goss-Custard ............................................... 122 The role of different gammarid communities in transmission of Polymorphus minutus (Acanthocephala) to eiders Lehtonen, Jukka T. .... ...... .... .... .................... .... ..... .. .. ..... .... ..... ..... ............ .....122 Monitoring of seabirds hibernating in Sevastopol's bays Machkevsky, Vladimir & Roman Machkevsky* .........................................................123 Experimental infestation of sea-gulls by eye-flukes from the three-spined stickleback Morozinska-Gogol, Jolanta & Jerzy Rokicki ............................................................. 123 Nematode infections in Icelandic seabirds Olafsd6ttir, Droplaug, Kristjdn Lilliendahl & J6n S6lmundsson ..............................124 Pathological studies on common eiders from Skerjafjorour, Iceland. Siguroarson, Sigurour, Slavko Helgi Bambir, Karl Sklrnisson & Arn6r P6rir Sigfusson ................................................................................................ 125 Parasites and ecology of the common eider in Iceland. Skfrnisson, Karl & Aki A. J6nsson ............................................................................. 126 Seasonal changes of the food composition and condition of the common eider in Iceland Skfrnisson, Karl , Aki A. J6nsson, Arn6r P. Sig[Usson & Sigurour Siguroarson ................................................................................................. 127 Mortality associated with renal and enteric coccidiosis in juvenile common eiders in Iceland Skfrnisson, Karl, Sigurour Siguroarson, Slavko H. Bambir & Arn6r P. Sigfusson... 128 The rhinonyssid mites (Gamasina: Rhinonyssidae) of some marine and coastal birds Maria Stanyukovich ................................................................................................... 129 CONCLUDING REMARKS Buchmann, Kurt ........................................................................................... ..............130 * Authors cancelled participation but asked for printing of submitted abstracts. vii LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Anderson,
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  • Host Sharing and Host Manipulation by Larval Helminths in Shore Crabs: Cooperation Or Conflict?

    Host Sharing and Host Manipulation by Larval Helminths in Shore Crabs: Cooperation Or Conflict?

    International Journal for Parasitology 33 (2003) 425–433 www.parasitology-online.com Host sharing and host manipulation by larval helminths in shore crabs: cooperation or conflict? Robert Poulin*, Katherine Nichol, A. David M. Latham Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand Received 13 November 2002; received in revised form 16 December 2002; accepted 20 December 2002 Abstract Larval helminths of different species that share the same intermediate host and are transmitted by predation to the same definitive host may cooperate in their attempts to manipulate the behaviour of the intermediate host, while at the same time having conflicts of interests over the use of host resources. A few studies have indicated that intermediate hosts harbouring larval helminths have altered concentrations of neurotransmitters in their nervous system, and thus measuring levels of neurotransmitters in host brains could serve to assess the respective and combined effect of different helminth species on host behaviour. Here, we investigate potential cooperation and conflict among three helminths in two species of crab intermediate hosts. The acanthocephalan Profilicollis spp., the trematode Maritrema sp. and an acuariid nematode, all use Macrophthalmus hirtipes (Ocypodidae) as intermediate host, whereas Profilicollis and Maritrema also use Hemigrapsus crenulatus (Grapsidae). All three helminths mature inside gulls or other shore birds. There was a significant decrease in the mean volume of Profilicollis cystacanths as the intensity of infection by this parasite increased in H. crenulatus, the only host in which this was investigated; however, there was no measurable effect of other helminth species on the size of acanthocephalans, suggesting no interspecific conflict over resource use within crabs.