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Es Una Publicación Semestral, Editada Por La Universida Dugesiana, Año 28, No. 2, (julio-diciembre, segundo semestre de 2021), es una publicación semestral, editada por la Universidad de Guadalajara, a través del Centro de Estudios en Zoología, por el Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias. Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez # 2100, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Tel. 37771150 ext. 33218, http://148.202.248.171/dugesiana/index.php/DUG/index, [email protected]. Editor responsable: José Luis Navarrete-Heredia. Reserva de Derechos al Uso Exclusivo 04-2009-062310115100-203, ISSN: 2007-9133, otorgados por el Instituto Nacional del Derecho de Autor. Responsable de la última actualiza- ción de este número: José Luis Navarrete-Heredia, Editor y Ana Laura González-Hernández, Asistente Editorial. Fecha de la última modificación 1 de julio de 2021, con un tiraje de un ejemplar. Las opiniones expresadas por los autores no necesariamente reflejan la postura del editor de la publicación. Queda estrictamente prohibida la reproducción total o parcial de los contenidos e imágenes de la publicación sin previa autorización de la Universidad de Guadalajara. Dugesiana 28(2): 279-290 ISSN 1405-4094 (edición impresa) Fecha de publicación: 1 julio 2021 ISSN 2007-9133 (edición online) ©Universidad de Guadalajara http://zoobank.org/4C9A4D23-96C1-4699-ABFC-BABF1262510F Artículo Leaf beetles attracted to light in a tropical dry forest of northern Mexico (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Crisomélidos atraídos a la luz en un bosque seco tropical del norte de México (Coleoptera: Chrysomeli- dae) Geovanni M. Rodríguez-Mirón1,2,3, Santiago Zaragoza-Caballero1,4, María Magdalena Ordóñez-Re- séndiz2,5, Sara López-Pérez1,2,6* 1Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Aparta- do postal 70–153, 04510, Cd. Mx., México; 2Colección Coleopterológica, Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Guelatao 66, Ejército de Oriente, Iztapalapa, CP 09230, Cd. Mx., México. Corresponding author: [email protected]; 3ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0751-4672; 4ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0235-318X; 5ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2613-9735;6ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-0186 ABSTRACT This is the first study of the composition of leaf beetles attracted to light in Mexico. We analyze the richness, temporal abundance and similarity between four localities of tropical dry forest in Sierra de San Javier, Sonora. A total of 3217 individuals belonging to 45 morphospecies, 31 genera and 10 tribes within five subfamilies of Chrysomelidae were collected in light traps in the tropical dry forest of Sierra de San Javier, Sonora. Galerucinae was the subfamily with the greatest number of genera and species. The genera with the highest number of species were Pachybrachis Chevrolat and Alagoasa Bechyné. Eight genera were represented by two species and 21 genera by only one species. Metrioidea rugipennis (Blake) was the species with the highest number of individuals (80% of the abundance recorded). According to the taxonomic and species similarity analysis, the sites San Javier and La Barranca had the highest similarity, while the lowest values were recorded at Rancho Las Peñitas and Cañón de Lo de Campa. The low similarity between sites cannot be explained by the geographic distance since it was not a determining factor to explain the low similarity in Sierra de San Javier. Key words. Light trap, nocturnal chrysomelids, taxonomic similarity RESUMEN Este trabajo es el primer estudio sobre la composición de crisomélidos atraídos a la luz en México. Se analizó la riqueza, la abun- dancia temporal y la similitud entre cuatros localidades de bosque tropical seco en la Sierra de San Javier, Sonora. Se colectaron un total de 3217 individuos pertenecientes a 445 morfoespecies, 31 géneros y 10 tribus dentro de cinco subfamilias de Chrysomelidae en un bosque seco tropical de la Sierra de San Javier, Sonora. Galerucinae fue la subfamilia con el mayor número de géneros y especies. Los géneros con un mayor número de especies fueron Pachybrachis Chevrolat y Alagoasa Bechyné, ocho géneros estuvieron representados por dos especies y 21 por solo una especie. Metrioidea rugipennis (Blake) fue la especie con el mayor número de individuos (80% de la abundancia registrada). De acuerdo con el análisis de similitud taxonómica y de especies, San Javier y La Barranca tuvieron la mayor similitud, mientras que la menor se encontró en el Rancho Las Peñitas y el Cañón de Lo de Campa. La baja similitud entre los sitios no puede explicarse por la distancia geográfica ya que no fue un factor determinante para explicar la baja similitud en la Sierra de San Javier. Palabras clave. Crisomélidos nocturnos, similitud taxonómica, trampa de luz Light affects insect activity and development in sev- idae are attracted to light traps (Yang et al. 2003; Lopatin eral ways. Insects exhibit various manifestations to light; and Nesterova 2006; Abdullah et al. 2008; Kishimoto-Ya- phototaxy is the typical response (Jander 1963). When the mada et al. 2008, 2009; Martínez-Hernández et al. 2010; insects move towards the light source (attraction), the taxi Jiuxuan et al. 2013; Nalepa 2013; Torkey and Dhafer 2015; is positive, as it happens with many nocturnal insects; if González-Ramírez et al. 2017; Medeiros et al. 2017; Shar- the insects move away from the light (repulsion), the taxi ma et al. 2017; Sia et al. 2017; Van 2017; Nowinszky et al. is negative. Light intensity and wavelength, time of expo- 2017). sure or direction of light source are some of the factors that Chrysomelidae is one of the most speciose beetle taxa; affect the response of insects to light (Shimoda and Honda the family contains more than 32500 species within 11 2013). Insect activity is greatest in the first hours after sun- subfamilies distributed worldwide (Bouchard et al. 2011; set (O’Donnell 2000). Ślipiński et al. 2011). Mexico has 2508 species recorded; Among Coleoptera, the families most commonly at- however, it is estimated that there are 3532 species (Or- tracted to light are Bostrichidae, Carabidae, Cerambycidae, dóñez-Reséndiz et al. 2014; Ordóñez-Reséndiz and López- Curculionidae, Scarabaeidae, Scolytidae and Tenebrionidae Pérez in press). Comparing this number of species with (Morón and Terrón 1988). However, there are records indi- countries like Brazil (4486 spp.), Mexico has a considerable cating that some species of Chrysomelidae and Coccinell- richness of leaf beetles (Costa 2000; Ordóñez-Reséndiz et © 2021 Universidad de Guadalajara, Dugesiana 28(2): 279-290 279 Geovanni M. Rodríguez-Mirón et al. al. 2014). Ordóñez-Reséndiz and López-Pérez (in press) mm annual mean precipitation (Noguera et al. 2009). documented the state distribution of Mexican leaf beetles based on published literature and examination of specimens Sampling procedures in some museum collections, most of the species of leaf The data considered in this study are part of the project beetles are recorded from Veracruz (930), Oaxaca (782) “Los Insectos del Bosque Seco (LIMBOS)”. The sampling and Guerrero (645), Sonora state has 218 species recorded; with lights traps was designed to collect longhorn beetles, however, faunistic inventories need to be made in various which have their most richness during the months rainy entities of the country. season (Noguera et al. 2002; 2007; 2009). Samples were Leaf beetles are mainly phytophagous and diurnal in- taken in November 2003 and February, April, July, August, sects, they are caught mostly during daylight hours and fre- September and October 2004. The sampling sites were cho- quently correspond to the highest proportion of beetle indi- sen in poorly lit areas along Highway 16 (Hermosillo-Cu- viduals collected (Riley et al. 2002; González-Ramírez et auhtémoc) near the village of San Javier. al. 2017). However, some species of the genera Luperodes, Site 1: Rancho Las Peñitas, 28º32’21.7’’ N 109º41’31.5’’ Monolepta, Phyllotreta, among others, have been collect- W, 645–733 m elevation; 29 km SE of Tecoripa, a road ed in light traps (Yang et al. 2003; Lopatin and Nesterova crosses the “Rancho Las Peñitas” property in a southerly 2006; Abdullah et al. 2008; Kishimoto-Yamada et al. 2008, direction and extends 6 km until reaching a small dam. Site 2009; Martínez-Hernández et al. 2010; Torkey and Dhafer 2: San Javier, 28º34’53’’N, 109º 44’ 51.5’’W, 795 m eleva- 2015; Medeiros et al. 2017). tion; km 120 Hermosillo-Yécora highway, 20 km of Tecori- Most of the studies carried out in Mexico have been car- pa. Site 3: La Barranca, 28º34’40.1’’N, 109º39’54.3’’W, ried out during daylight hours and they are biased to certain 562 m elevation; 37 km SE of Tecoripa and parallel to the geographic areas and certain vegetation such as low thorn highway, in deep canyons where a stream runs seasonally. forests, oak forest or pine-oak forest (Niño-Maldonado et Site 4: Cañón de Lo de Campa, 28º 32’ 18.2N, 109º44’37.7’’ al. 2014a, 2014b, 2016; Furth 2009; Ordóñez-Reséndiz W, 433 m elevation; Rancho El Cajón, Km 124.4 Hermosi- 2016, Sandoval-Becerra et al. 2017; Sanchez-Reyes et al. llo-Yécora highway, 24.4 km SE of Tecoripa. 2015, 2019) and tropical dry forest (Ordóñez-Reséndiz and López-Pérez 2009). Light trap design One of the reasons why many studies on chrysomelids For light trapping, a combination of two light sources have focused on the tropical dry forest (TDF) is because it was used: a mercury vapor lamp and a Minnesota-type light is one of the most diverse vegetation of American tropical trap (see Southwood 1966). The latter had two 20 W UV ecosystems. TDF present a heterogeneous and widely dis- tubes (one unfiltered) over a single 20 cm diameter collec- tributed vegetation type, and their different variants show tion jar filled with 70% ethyl alcohol. The light trap and the particular physiological and phenological adaptations in mercury vapor lamp were placed against a vertical white plants and animals (Prieto-Torres et al.
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