QUARANTINE CONTAINMENT – IMPORTS and EXPORTS

Introduction to Law International, UE, French Dispositions

Dominique COUTINOT European Biological Control Laboratory USDA – ARS Montferrier-sur-Lez France, EU [email protected] www.ars-ebcl.org

Dominique COUTINOT – March 21, 2011 Dominique COUTINOT

USDA-ARS Manager of quarantine activity, Airfreight Security, Campus de Baillarguet Montferrier-sur-Lez (34) Biological Control and Environment France

Co-host of the Informal Group of Containment

Explorations in Europe, North Africa, Cambodia, Croatia, Kazakhstan, Republic of Georgia, Turkey

Contribution to the establishment of Biological Control Agents in the U.S.A.

[email protected] I. Introduction to Law

• Hierarchy of the texts (Norms - standards) • The French Constitution • International law • EU legislation • French legislation • French regulations

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I. Introduction to Law

An evoked text is presented according to:

- its hierarchical level, - its degree of importance, - its date of publication, - on the international, EU and national level.

- It is important to recall that the legal provisions apply to any person or morals, public or private.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.1 HIERARCHY OF NORMS

Constitution

International provisions Agreement - Convention - Treaty

International Standards

Regional Standards UE provisions

Regulation Decision Directive Advice French provisions Law Codification Decree

Ordinance Circular

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions © I.2 The French Constitution October 4th, 1958

- located at the top of the hierarchy of the standards

- described the essential values of the country and basic rights recognized with the individuals and the groupings.

The Constitution organizes the relations between - executive power - legislative power - justice authority

it specifies the operation of these three entities.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.2 The Block of constitutionality

- the Constitution,

- the declaration of the human rights and the citizen of 1789,

- the preamble to the Constitution of 1946, - the preamble to the Constitution of 1958,

- the organic law concerning with the adoption of the finance laws of the Constitution of 1958, - the constitutional law relating to the charter of the environment of 2005,

Organic law : “text voted by the Parliament according to a particular procedure and having for object the organization of the public authorities and the application of the Constitution”

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.2 The Constitutional council

Can amongst other things emit decisions relating to control of constitutionality of the standards.

These decisions are essential:

- with the public authorities

- with all the administrative authorities and jurisdictional.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.3 International Law

- Important - Very often incomplete - Suffer from slowness in its implementation

agreement - charter - convention - pact - protocol – treaty

In France any text of international significance must be: - adoptee - ratified - promulgated - published with the Journal Officiel de la République française

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.3 Convention Ratification - Accession - Acceptance - Approval

Convention - when it qualifies bilateral agreements, - get busy for technical matters, in particular in consular, tax and customs right. Agreement In practice international: agreement - charter convention - pact - protocol - treaty, are employed in an indifferent way.

In international law - agreement gets along of any international engagement.

In practice constitutional French, it acts of an international engagement subjected to the approval of the government.

Consular right = commercial justice

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.4 EU Provisions

Regulation • Adoptee by the Council of Ministers of the UE, • Of general interest, • Applicable directly in any Member State, • Into force: the twentieth day after its publication with the J.O.C.E. (except contrary provisions), • Be integrated automatically into the internal legal order of the Member States, • Under national legislative provisions without preliminary transcription.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.4 UE Provisions

Decision

- Text of direct application, - Constitutes an obligatory act, - In all its elements for the recipients whom it designates:  Member States,  Private individuals,  Natural people or morals.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.4 EU provisions

Directive - Addresses itself to the Member States recipients - Dregs as for the result to reach within a time limit. - The States keep the control of the form and the means necessary to achieve the goal laid down by the directive. - Must be transcribed in the international law of each State through legislative measures or lawful.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.4 EU provisions

Advice - Do not involve legal obligation - Formulated following an external initiative

Contains: - a general appreciation of certain processes - a contribution to the preparation of later legal documents.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.5 French Law

Law - Voted by the Parliament, - Must be not opposite to the higher legal standards. - After its coding: declines itself in the form of articles within the codes concerned (L & R)

Codes: Rural - Environment - Customs –Labor - Public health

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.5 French Law

Decree - Executory decision often with general range determining the general principles, - Signed by the President of the Republic or the Prime Minister very often contresigned by the ministers in charge of the application, - Must be in conformity with the legislation, opinion is taken near the Council of State.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.5 French Law

Ordinance (Ministerial order – decision – decree) in application to the decree by: - the Government, - central services or outsides of the Ministries, precises and clarifies the law. It can be taken by the prefect, the mayor or the vice-chancellor.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.5 French Law

Circular - Very often ministerial - Technical document - Frame the operation of the legislative measures or lawful.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions I.6 HIERARCHY OF NORMS

Constitution

International provisions Agreements-Conventions-Protocoles International standards

EU provisions Regulations - Decisions-Directives-Advices

Laws - Codification French provisions Codes : Rural-Environment Customs - Labor French regulations Decrees – Ordinances - Circulars

Administrative Circulars-Notes of information

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II. INTERNATIONAL

Constitution

International SPM Agreement Dispositions

IPPC Convention IIPC Standard NIMP 3 EPPO Standards PM6

OECD Advices

CBD Convention Nagoya Protocol ABS Regime

CITES Convention

UE Regulation Dispositions Decision Directive Advice French Law Law Codification Decree

Ordinance Circular D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions © II.1 Agreements of Marrakech 1994

The agreement instituting the World Trade Organization (WTO) outline agreement including a series of multilateral agreements:

- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

- the agreement on the technical obstacles with the trade (OTC)

- the agreement on sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPM)

- the agreement on agriculture

- the agreement on the aspects of the intellectual property laws which touch with trade (ADPIC).

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.1 The SPM Agreement

The Agreement on the application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPM) of World Trade Organization (WTO - GATT 1994)

-Applies to sanitary and phytosanitary measures who directly can or indirectly affect the international trade.

-It makes it possible to take sanitary and phytosanitary measures necessary to the protection of health and the life of the people and the animals or with the safeguarding of the plants, under conditions.

- These measures can be taken only if they are founded on scientific principles, they should not in no case to establish an arbitrary or unjustified discrimination between the members.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.2 The IPPC Convention

1951 – revised in 1997 – into force October 2, 2005 The object is the prevention of the dissemination and the introduction of pest.

• Promotion and adoption of measures against pests • Legislative measures, lawful and technical • Official organization of the protection of the plants • Concern the plants, crop products, stock rooms, packing, containers, ground, objects and materials likely to carry or disseminate harmful organisms.

• Parties can: “to prohibit or restrict the entry on their territory of agents of biological control and other organisms of plant health importance considered beneficial” (Art.VII.1.d.).

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.2 IPPC

Harmful Organism - Pest

any species,

strain or biotype of plant, animal

or pathogen agent

harmful for plants

or crop products.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.2 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES (ISPMs)

ISPM No. 1 (2006) Phytosanitary principles for the protection of plants and the application of phytosanitary measures in international trade ISPM No. 2 (2007) Framework for pest risk analysis ISPM No. 3 (2005) Guidelines for the export, shipment, import and release of biological control agents and other beneficial organisms ISPM No. 4 (1995) Requirements for the establishment of pest free areas ISPM No. 5 (2009) Glossary of phytosanitary terms ISPM No. 6 (1997) Guidelines for surveillance ISPM No. 7 (1997) Export certification system ISPM No. 8 (1998) Determination of pest status in an area ISPM No. 9 (1998) Guidelines for pest eradication programmes ISPM No. 10 (1999) Requirements for the establishment of pest free places of production and pest free production sites ISPM No. 11 (2004) Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests, including analysis of environmental risks and living modified organisms ISPM No. 12 (2001) Guidelines for phytosanitary certificates ISPM No. 13 (2001) Guidelines for the notification of non-compliance and emergency action ISPM No. 14 (2002) The use of integrated measures in a systems approach for pest risk management ISPM No. 15 (2009) Guidelines for regulating wood packaging material in international trade ISPM No. 16 (2002) Regulated non-quarantine pests: concept and application ISPM No. 17 (2002) Pest reporting ISPM No. 18 (2003) Guidelines for the use of irradiation as a phytosanitary measure ISPM No. 19 (2003) Guidelines on lists of regulated pests ISPM No. 20 (2004) Guidelines for a phytosanitary import regulatory system ISPM No. 21 (2004) Pest risk analysis for regulated non-quarantine pests ISPM No. 22 (2005) Requirements for the establishment of areas of low pest prevalence ISPM No. 23 (2005) Guidelines for inspection ISPM No. 24 (2005) Guidelines for the determination and recognition of equivalence of phytosanitary measures ISPM No. 25 (2006) Consignments in transit ISPM No. 26 (2006) Establishment of pest free areas for fruit flies (Tephritidae) ISPM No. 27 (2006) Diagnostic protocols for regulated pests ISPM No. 28 (2009) Phytosanitary treatments for regulated pests ISPM No. 29 (2007) Recognition of pest free areas and areas of low pest prevalence ISPM No. 30 (2008) Establishment of areas of low pest prevalence for fruit flies (Tephritidae) ISPM No. 31 (2008) Methodologies for sampling consignments ISPM No. 32 (2009) Categorization of commodities according to their pest risk

D. COUTINOT 2010. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.2 The ISPM n°3

ISPM No. 3 (2005) Guidelines for the export, shipment, import and release of biological control agents and other beneficial organisms « ISPM 3.1996. ex. Code of conduct for the importation and the release of exotic BCAs».

• Principle: A biological control agent can be potentially harmful

• Risk management: Export, Forwarding, Importation & release of BC agents

• Responsabilities: Contracting parties, NOPP Importing & Exporting D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.2 or II.3 Before the Nagoya Meeting

THE USE AND EXCHANGE OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE

BACKGROUND STUDY PAPER NO. 47. October, 2009 prepared at the request of the Secretariat of the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture by the Global Commission on Biological Control and Access and Benefit-Sharing of the International Organization for Biological Control of Noxious Animals and Plants (IOBC), as a contribution to the cross-sectoral theme,

Consideration of policies and arrangements for access and benefit- sharing for genetic resources for food and agriculture, which the Commission will consider at its Twelfth Regular Session.

Matthew J.W. Cock; Joop C van Lenteren; Jacques Brodeur; Barbara Barratt; Franz Bigler; Karel Bolckmans; Fernando L Cônsoli; Fabian Haas; Peter G Mason; José R Parra. 2009. Do new Access and Benefit Sharing procedures under the Convention on Biological Diversity threaten the future of Biological Control? Biocontrol

D. COUTINOT 2010. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.2 The EPPO Organization European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization 1951 50 MEMBERS 10 REGIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES

• Evaluation biologique des produits phytosanitaires • Bonne pratique phytosanitaire en agriculture et en protection des plantes. • System for risk evaluation • Mesures phytosanitaires générales • Mesures phytosanitaires par organisme nuisible • Procédures phytosanitaires • Production de végétaux sains destinés à la plantation • Analyses du Risque Phytosanitaire (ARP) • Safe use of Biological Control • Protocoles de diagnostic pour les organismes réglementés • Mesures phytosanitaires par marchandise • Systèmes de lutte nationaux réglementaires

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.2 The EPPO Standards

EPPO Standards on Safe use of Biological Control

PM 6/1(1) 1999. FIRST IMPORT OF EXOTIC BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS FOR RESEARCH UNDER CONTAINED CONDITIONS Advices from the national authority: installations of containment and procedures. General precautions: packing, people handling, health risks animal and human and respect of conventions and regulations in force.

PM 6/2(2) 2010. IMPORT AND RELEASE OF EXOTIC BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS File for releasing, evaluation of the risks, environmental impact,…

PM 6/3(2) 2002. List of biological control agents widely used in the EPPO region List of commercially biological control agents and list it BCA introduced successfully into the OEPP area.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.2 The NEPPO a new organization Near East Plant Protection Organization (NEPPO) Signed in 1993, Rabat, Morocco Effective: January 8, 2009

Algeria Morocco Egypt Pakistan Jordan Soudan Libya Syria Malte Tunisia

Organization: •President: Dr Mohamed ElHaj AlOOBA (Soudan) •Vice president: Dr Hassan Kacem Mohamed BEKHEIT (Egypt) •Executive Director: M Mekki CHOUIBANI (Morocco) •Executive Comitee: Algeria Jordan, Libya, Pakistan, Syria et Tunisia. Avenue Hadj Ahmed Cherkaoui,Rabat, Agdal, Morocco [email protected] II.2 The OECD Guidance

Guidance for Information Requirements for Regulation of Invertebrates as Biological Control Agents (IBCAs), 2004.

INSECTS, ACARINA & NEMATODES - NORMALLY MORE SPECIFIC THAN THE CHEMICALS - LESS HIGH RISKS - USE SUCCESSFULLY WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE OECD COUNTRIES (33) - CATCH IN CONSIDERATION OF THE RISKS - LIST OF THE IBCA USE SUCCESSFULLY - HARMONIZATION OF THE REQUIREMENTS TO RELEASE IT - TO MAKE SURE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BCA PRODUCTS

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.2 The OECD Guidance Evaluation of Risks

Information before the introduction of a biological control agent (OECD, 2004)

© A. Blanchet

• Identity and characterization • Evaluation of the risks for the • Biology and ecology environment • Geographical distribution • Evaluation of the effectiveness • Information relative with the • Quality control human health • Benefit of the use

It is highly advised to contact the indicated national authority, in order to take note of the national requirements relating to the development of the evaluation dossier of the risks. COUTINOT, D. 2006. An evaluation of the risks before the introduction of biological control agent ? ». AFPP - Avignon, October 11-12 2006. pp 343-350. II.3 Convention on Biological Diversity

1st article - Objectives Rio de Janeiro, 1992 - conservation of biological diversity,

- the durable use of its elements

- a satisfactory access to the genetic resources,

- the division right and equitable of the advantages rising from the exploitation of the genetic resources,

- a satisfactory access to the genetic resources

- suitable transfer of the relevant techniques, taking into account all the rights on these resources and to the techniques,

- an adequate financing. D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.3 CBD

Article 8h. Each party:

“Prevents from introducing, control or eradicates the exotic species which threaten of the ecosystems, the habitats or the species” Although recognized by the CDB as management method biological control against invading exotic plants is only object of rare programs in the European Union:

-In England: biological control program against Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed) by using an insect Spyllidae Aphalara itadori

-In France: in the island “La Réunion”, it should be noted the recent introduction of Cibdela janthina (Hymenoptera: Tenthredidae) against Rubus alceifolius (Rosaceae).

T. Le Bourgeois © Cirad, 2008

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions II.3 New Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity

The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity was adopted at the tenth Conference of the Parties on 29th October 2010, in Nagoya, Japan.

The objective is the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources. The Protocol is the instrument for the implementation of the ABS provisions of the Convention. Open to signature February 2, 2011 to February 1, 2012.

COUTINOT Dominique.ESA International Branch Meeting, Mini Symposium. San Diego, California. December 12, 2010 Annex I MONETARY AND NON-MONETARY BENEFITS II.3 The Nagoya Protocol

1.Monetary benefits may include, but not be limited to: (a)Access fees/fee per sample collected or otherwise acquired; (b)Up-front payments; (c)Milestone payments; (d)Payment of royalties; (e)Licence fees in case of commercialization; (f)Special fees to be paid to trust funds supporting conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity; (g)Salaries and preferential terms where mutually agreed; (h)Research funding; (i)Joint ventures; (j)Joint ownership of relevant intellectual property rights. 2.Non-monetary benefits may include, but not be limited to: (a)Sharing of research and development results; (b)Collaboration, cooperation and contribution in scientific research and development programmes, particularly biotechnological research activities, where possible in the Party providing genetic resources; (c)Participation in product development; (d)Collaboration, cooperation and contribution in education and training; (e)Admittance to ex situ facilities of genetic resources and to databases; (f)Transfer to the provider of the genetic resources of knowledge and technology under fair and most favourable terms, including on concessional And preferential terms where agreed, in particular, knowledge and technology that make use of genetic resources, including biotechnology, or that are relevant to the conservation and sustainable utilization of biological diversity; (g)Strengthening capacities for technology transfer; (h)Institutional capacity-building; (i)Human and material resources to strengthen the capacities for the administration and enforcement of access regulations; (j)Training related to genetic resources with the full participation of countries providing genetic resources, and where possible, in such countries; (k)Access to scientific information relevant to conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, including biological inventories and taxonomic studies; (l)Contributions to the local economy; (m)Research directed towards priority needs, such as health and food security, taking into account domestic uses of genetic resources in the Party providing genetic resources; (n)Institutional and professional relationships that can arise from an access and benefit sharing agreement and subsequent collaborative activities; (o)Food and livelihood security benefits; (p)Social recognition; (q)Joint ownership of relevant intellectual property rights.

February 6, 2011 ... Algeria, Brazil, Colombia and Yemen has signed the Nagoya Protocol II.4 The CITES Convention

Washington 3 mars 1973 – into force July 1st 1975. Amended at Bonn, June 22, 1979

- The international trade of the specimens of fauna and flora regulates wild fauna and flora,

- Relates to export, the reforwarding and the importation of plants and of live animals or died or their parts and products.

- On the basis of certificate and system of license which can be delivered so certain conditions are met.

- Each party indicates a body of management, charged to issue these licenses and certificates.

- The animal species and vegetable, subjected to regulation are registered with the appendices of Convention.

D. COUTINOT 2010. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions 2.5 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS

Convention internationale pour la réglementation de la chasse à la baleine. Washington, 2 décembre 1946 Convention internationale pour la protection des végétaux. Rome, 1951 Convention internationale pour la conservation des thonidés de l’Atlantique. Rio de Janeiro, 14 mai 1960 Convention relative aux zones humides d’importance internationale, particulièrement comme habitat des oiseaux d’eaux. Ramsar, 2 février 1971 Convention concernant la protection du patrimoine mondial culturel et naturel. Paris, 16 novembre 1972 Convention sur le commerce international des espèces de faune et de flore sauvages menacées d’extinction (CITES). Washington, 3 mars 1973 Convention sur la pêche et la conservation pour les pêcheries et la conservation des ressources biologiques dans la mer Baltique et les Belts. Gdansk, 13 septembre 1973 Convention sur la protection du milieu marin de la zone de la mer Baltique. Helsinki, 22 mars 1974 Convention pour la protection de la mer Méditerranée contre la pollution. Barcelone, 16 février 1976 Convention sur la conservation des espèces migratrices appartenant à la faune sauvage. Bonn, 23 juin 1979 Convention relative à la conservation de la vie sauvage et du milieu naturel de l’Europe. Berne, 19 septembre 1979 Convention sur la future coopération multilatérale dans la pêche de l’Atlantique du Nord-Est. Londres, 18 novembre 1980 Convention relative à la conservation du saumon dans l’Atlantique nord. Reykjavik, 2 mars 1982 Convention sur le droit de la mer. Montego Bay, 1982 Convention pour la protection de la couche d’ozone. Vienne, 22 mars 1985 Convention sur l’évaluation de l’impact sur l’environnement dans un contexte transfrontière. Espoo, 25 février 1991 Convention relative à la protection des Alpes. Salsbourg, 7 novembre 1991 Convention sur la protection et l’utilisation des cours d’eau transfrontières et des lacs internationaux. Helsinki, 17 mars 1992 Convention sur la protection de la mer noire contre la pollution. Bucarest, 21 avril 1992 Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques. New York, 9 mai 1992 Convention sur la diversité biologique (CDB). Rio de Janeiro, juin 1992 Convention pour la protection du milieu marin de l’Atlantique du Nord-Est (OSPR). Paris, 22 septembre 1992 Convention concernant la coopération pour la protection et l’utilisation durable du Danube. Sofia, 29 juin 1994 Convention sur l’accès à l’information, la participation du public au processus décisionnel et à l’accès à la justice en matière d’environnement. Aarhus, 25 juin 1998 Convention internationale relative à la protection du Rhin. 12 avril 1999, n’est pas en vigueur Convention européenne du paysage. Florence, 20 octobre 2000 Traité international sur les ressources phytogénétiques pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture. Rome, 3 novembre 2001 II. International Principles BIOPROSPECTION FOR SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES

with the title of Plant Protection and/or Biodiversity

Principles Sovereign rights of each Country Right of Property

Concerns Research Institutes, Public and Private Laboratories or Companies, or Universities Moral or Individual

COUTINOT Dominique.ESA International Branch Meeting, Mini Symposium. San Diego, California. December 12, 2010 III. EU DISPOSITIONS

Constitution

International Dispositions Agreement – Convention

International standards Regional standards

UE Legislation Directive 2000/29/CE UE Prohibitions

Directive 2008/61/CE Scientific Conditions

Directive 91/414/CE Phytopharmacological products

French Regulation 1107/2009/CE - June 14, 2011 Legislation Law Codification Decree

Ordinance Circular

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions III.1 Directive 2000/29/CE

Directive 2000/29/CE (77/93/CEE codified) of the Council of May 8th, 2000. Relate to the protection measures against the introduction into the Community of harmful organisms to the plants or the crop products and against their propagation inside the Community. List of pests whose introduction and dissemination are prohibited: Appendix I. List of pests whose introduction and dissemination are prohibited so present on certain plants or crop products: Appendix II. List plants or crop products whose introduction is prohibited: Appendix III. Plants, crop products and other objects subjected to particular requirements: Appendix IV. List plants, crop products and other objects having to be subjected to a plant health inspection on the place of production: annexes V: part A for EC , annexes V: part B for third country

rectifiée par : (4) rectificatif publié au J.O.C.E. n° L 002 du 07.01.2003, p. 40.rectificatif publié au J.O.C.E. n° L 045 du 19.02.2003, p. 28. rectificatif publié au J.O.U.E. n° L 137 du 31.05.2005, p. 48. modifiée par : (1) directive 2001/33/CE du 8 mai 2001(2) directive 2002/28/CE du 19 mars 2002 (3) directive 2002/36/CE du 29 avril 2002 (5) directive 2002/89/CE du 28 novembre 2002 (6) directive 2003/22/CE du 24 mars 2003 (7) directive 2003/47/CE du 4 juin 2003 (8) directive 2003/116/CE du 4 décembre 2003 (9) directive 2004/31/CE du 17 mars 2004 (10) directive 2004/70/CE du 28 avril 2004 (11) directive 2004/102/CE du 5 octobre 2004 (12) directive 2005/15/CE du 28 février 2005 (13) directive 2005/16/CE du 2 mars 2005 (14) directive 2005/77/CE du 11 novembre 2005. III.1 Directive 2000/29/EC

APPENDIX I Part A a) Insects, acarinae and nematods

1. Acleris spp. (non européen) 10. Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) 2. Amauromyza maculosa (Malloch) 10.1. Diabrotica barberi Smith et Lawrence 3. Anomala orientalis Waterhouse 10.2. Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber ] 4. Anoplophora chinensis (Thompson) 10.3. Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata « 4.1Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) » [(3)] Mannerheim 5. Anoplophora malasiaca (Forster) 10.4. Diabrotica virgifera Le Conte 6. Arrhenodes minutus Drury » 11. Heliothis zea (Boddie) 7. Bemisia tabaci Genn. (populations non-européennes) 11.1. Hirschmanniella spp, à l'exception de Hirschmaniella vecteur de virus tels que : gracilis (de Man) Luc et Goodey (a) Bean golden mosaic virus 12. Liriomyza sativae Blanchard (b) Cowpea mild mottle virus 13. Longidorus diadecturus Eveleigh et Allen (c) Lettuce infectious yellows virus 14. Monochamus spp. (non européen) (d) Pepper mild tigré virus 15. Myndus crudus Van Duzee (e) Squash leaf curl virus 16. Nacobbus aberrans (Thorne) Thorne et Allen (f) Euphorbia mosaic virus « 16.1 Naupactus leucoloma Boheman » [modifié par (3)] (g) Florida tomato virus 17. Premnotrypes spp. (non européen) 8.Cicadellidae (non européens) connus en tant que vecteurs de 18. Pseudopithyophthorus minutissimus (Zimmermann) la maladie de Pierce (causée par Xylella 19. Pseudopithyophthorus pruinosus (Eichhoff) fastidiosa), tels que : 20. Scaphoideus luteolus (Van Duzee) (a) Carneocephala fulgida Nottingham 21. Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) (b) Draeculacephala minerva Ball 22. Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (c) Graphocephala atropunctata (Signoret) 23. Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) 9. Choristoneura spp. (non européen) 24. Thrips palmi Karny 26. Xiphinema americanum Cobb sensu lato (populations non européennes) 27. Xiphinema californicum Lamberti et Bleve-Zacheo III.1 Directive 2000/29/EC

APPENDIX I Part A

25. Tephritidae (non european ) as:

(a) Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (b) Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (c) Anastrepha obliqua Macquart (d) Anastrepha suspensa (Loew) (e) Dacus ciliatus Loew (f) Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett (g) Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (h) Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (i) Bactrocera tsuneonis (Miyake) (j) Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (k) Epochra canadensis (Loew) (l) Neoceratitis cyanescens (Bezzi) (m) Ceratitis quinaria (Bezzi) (n) Ceratitis rosa Karsch (o) Rhacochlaena japonica Ito (p) Rhagoletis cingulata (Loew) (q) Rhagoletis completa Cresson (r) Rhagoletis fausta (Östen-Sacken) (s) Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (t) Rhagoletis mendax Curran (u) Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh (v) Rhagoletis ribicola Doane (w) Rhagoletis suavis (Loew) III.1 Directive 2000/29/EC

APPENDIX I Part A

b) Bacteria 1. Xylella fastidiosa (Well et Raju)

c) FUNGI 1. Ceratocystis fagacearum (Bretz) Hunt 2. Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli Dietel 3. Cronartium spp. (non européen) 4. Endocronartium spp. (non européen) 5. Guignardia laricina (Saw.) Yamamoto et Ito 6. Gymnosporangium spp. (non européen) 7. Inonotus weirii (Murrill) Kotlaba et Pouzar 8. Melampsora farlowii (Arthur) Davis 9. Monilinia fructicola (Winter) Honey 10. Mycosphaerella larici-leptolepis Ito et al. 11. Mycosphaerella populorum G.E. Thompson 12. Phoma andina Turkensteen 13. Phyllosticta solitaria Ell. et Ev. 14. Septoria lycopersici Speg. var. malagutii Ciccarone et Boerema 15. Thecaphora solani Barrus 15.1.Tilletia indica Mitra 16. Trechispora brinkmannii (Bresad.) Rogers III.1 Directive 2000/29/EC

ANNEXE I Part A

d) Virus (i) Plum line pattern virus (américain) 1. Mycoplasme de la nécrose du phloème d'Ulmus (j) Raspberry leaf curl virus (américain) 2. Virus et organismes analogues de la pomme de terre : (k) Strawberry latent « C » virus (a) Andean potato latent virus (l) Strawberry vein banding virus (b) Andean potato mottle virus (m) Strawberry witches broom mycoplasm (c) Arracacha virus B, oca strain (mycoplasme des balais de sorcière du fraisier) (d) Potato black ringspot virus (n) Virus non européens de Cydonia Mill., Fragaria L., (e) Potato spindle tuber viroid Malus Mill., Prunus L., Pyrus L., Ribes (f) Potato virus T L., Rubus L. et Vitis L. (g) Isolats non européens des virus A, M, S, V, X et Y, 6. Virus transmis par Bemisia tabaci Genn., tels que : ainsi que du « Potato leaf roll virus » (a) Bean golden mosaic virus 3. Tobacco ringspot virus (b) Cowpea mild mottle virus 4. Tomato ringspot virus (c) Lettuce infectious yellows virus 5. Virus et organismes analogues de Cydonia Mill., (d) Pepper mild tigré virus Fragaria L., Malus Mill., Prunus L., Pyrus L., (e) Squash leaf curl virus Ribes L., Rubus L. et Vitis L. tels que : (f) Euphorbia mosaic virus (a) Blueberry leaf mottle virus (g) Florida tomato virus (b) Cherry rasp leaf virus (américain) (c) Peach mosaic virus (américain) e) PARASITIC PLANTS (d) Peach phony rickettsia (e) Peach rosette mosaic virus 1. Arceuthobium spp. (non européenne) (f) Peach rosette mycoplasm (Classa: Magnoliopsida Family : Santalaceae) (g) Peach X-disease mycoplasm (h) Peach yellows mycoplasm III.2 Directive 2008/61/EC

Directive 2008/61/CE (codification of the directive 95/44/CE) Conditions in which certain harmful organisms, and other objects enumerated with appendices I with V of the directive 2000/29/CE (77/93/CE) of the Council can be introduced or circulate in the Community or certain protected areas of the Community for work at ends of test or scientific purposes or for work on the varietal selections. • Work requiring the use of harmful organisms, of plants, crop products and other objects, • Circulation and detention of the alive material • Official letter of Authorization • Approval of the activities

D. COUTINOT 2010. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions III.3 Directive 91/414/EC

Directive 91/414/CEE July 15th, 1991 concerning the marketing of the phytopharmacological products.

APPENDIX I. active Substances whose incorporation is authorized in the phytopharmacological products.

APPENDIX III. Conditions to fill to introduce the file of authorization. PART B. Preparations of micro-organisms or virus.

APPENDIX VI. Uniform principles for the evaluation and the authorization. Directive 2005/25/CE of the Council of March 14th, 2005 modifying Appendix VI with regard to the phytopharmacological products containing of micro organisms.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions III.4 Regulation 1107/2009/EU

Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and the Council of October 21st, 2009

concerning the marketing of the phytopharmacological products and abrogation of the directives 79/117/CEE and 91/414/CEE the Council

For memory Micro-organisms registered with appendix I of the directive 91/414/CE: Ampelomyces quisqualis, Bacillus subtilis, Coniothyrium minitans, Gliocladium catenulatum, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Pseudomonas chlororaphis, Virus of the polyhédrose nuclear Spodoptera exigua;

Micro-organisms under examination for the inscription with appendix I: Virus of the polyhédrose nuclear Helicoverpa armigera, Granulovirus Adoxophyes orana, Virus of the polyhédrose nuclear Spodoptera littoralis.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions III.5 EU PHYTOSANITARY REVOLUTION New text - EU

DIRECTIVE 2009/128/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 21 October 2009 establishing a framework for Community action to achieve the sustainable use of pesticides Development and introduction of integrated pest management and of alternative approaches or techniques in order to reduce dependency on the use of pesticides. Member States shall take all necessary measures to promote low pesticide- input pest management, giving wherever possible priority to non-chemical methods; shall establish or support the establishment of necessary conditions for the implementation of integrated pest management. (article 14) Trainings : notions on integrated pest management strategies and techniques, integrated crop management strategies and techniques, organic farming principles, biological pest control methods (Appendix I), Sustainable biological, physical and other non-chemical methods must be preferred to chemical methods if they provide satisfactory pest control. (Appendix III).

Une révolution philosophique phytosanitaire!

Article 23 - Transposition Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 14 December 2011.. III.6 EU and CITES Convention Collect, detention, circulation, importations & exportations for scientific purposes

Regulation (EC) n°338/97 of the Council of December 9th, 1996 relating to the protection of the species of wild fauna and flora by the control of their trade

Regulation (EC) n°318/2008 of the commission of March 31st, 2008 modifying payment (EC) n°338/97 council relating to the protection of the species of fauna and flora savages by the control of their trade.

Regulation (EC) N° 811/2008 of the Commission of August 13th, 2008 suspending the introduction into the Community of specimens of certain species of wild fauna and flora

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions III.7 The EU Project: ERBIC The ERBIC Project - 1998 à 2002 (EU) « Evaluation of environmental risks of the introductions of Biological Control in Europe »

• Evaluation of the non- • Evaluation of the contaminants intentional effects of the BCA • Selection of the non-target • Evaluation after release species for the tests of • Molecular methods for the specificity identification of the BCA the concept of Eco-region • Specificity of the BCA • Statistical tools to evaluate the • To measure and predict the non-intentional effects impacts of the BCA Evaluation of the • Risk crossing between species environmental risks: NZ • Evaluation of the potential • Evaluation of the acclimatization of the BCA at environmental risks: Methods Risks and Benefit the time of releases

Bigler et al. (2006) Environmental Impact of Invertebrates for Biological Control of Arthropods. III.8 The EU Project: REBECA

THE REBECA PROJECT « REGULATIONS OF THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS » « Proposal for « UE directive » harmonization of UE regulations »

Countries

with legislation

In preparation

No legislation

from BIGLER F., LOOMANS A. & VAN LENTEREN J. 2005. 2d International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods IV. FRENCH LAW

Constitution

International Agreement - Convention - Treaty provisions

International Standards Regional Standards

UE provisions Regulation Decision Directive Advice

FRENCH Laws Law 2010-788 July 12, 2010. Environnement LEGISLATION Rural code L258 Exotic macro-organisms and Biological Control

Environment code Customs code Labor code

Decree 2003-768 Decree 2005-1783 Decree 2006-910 Decree L258

Ordinances May 15, June 1998 May 24 2006, May 30 2006

Standards for agreement 2002 Standards for renewal 2004

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions © VI. FRENCH LAW Approbation of the IPPC

Law n° 2005-153 of February 21st, 2005 authorizing the approval of International convention for the protection of the plants (together an appendix), such as it results from the amendments adopted in Rome by the twenty-ninth session of the conference of the United Nations for the food and agriculture

Decree n° 2005-1515 of the bearing December 1st, 2005 publication international convention for the protection of the plants (together an appendix), such as it results from the amendments adopted in Rome by the 29th session of the conference United Nations for the food and agriculture on November 17th, 1997

D. COUTINOT 2011. Notions de Droit - Dispositions Internationales - Droit Communautaire - Droit Français IV.1 FRENCH LEGISLATION

Customs CODE Article 38 violations with the regulation for the importation of prohibited good

Rural CODE Protection measures against pests - L251-4 and L251.6 Phytosanitary control of the plants - L251-12 Specific measures - L251-18 Penal provisions - L251-19 and L251-20 Article L251-4 is interdict to introduce, hold and transport harmful organisms, except authorized exceptions.

Deliver IV - Fauna and Flora Environment CODE Title 1st: Protection of Fauna and the Flora Chapter 1st: Safeguarding and monitoring of the biological diversity

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions IV.1 FRENCH LEGISLATION

Environment CODE PRESERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL PATRIMONY Loi n° 95-101 du 2 février 1995 visant à interdire l’introduction d’espèces exogènes (art. 56-VI) Loi nº 2005-157 du 23 février 2005 relative au développement des territoires ruraux (art. 128 II, art. 129 II) Art. L411-3 is prohibited the introduction into the natural environment, voluntary, by negligence or imprudence of any specimen of an animal specie or plant nonindigenous or indicated by the administrative authority. The introduction can be authorized by the administrative authority.

A decree from the Council of State specifies the conditions of this article

Décret n°2007-15 du 4 janvier 2007 relatif aux espèces animales non domestiques ainsi qu’aux espèces végétales non cultivées et modifiant le code de l’environnement Décret n°2007-397 du 22 mars 2007 relatif à la partie réglementaire du code de l’environnement

D. COUTINOT 2010. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions VI.2 FRENCH REGULATIONS Organization and with attributions of regional managements of the food, agriculture and the forest

Biological monitoring of the territory and with the maintenance of the sanitary good state of the plants;

DECREE n° 2008-1406 Controls relating to the marketing and the use of the plant health products, the fertilizing matters and the supports of culture.

Animation of the preventive actions of the health hazards and environmental related to the use of these products;

Diffusion of knowledge and information as regards protection of the plants. Lawful part of book II of the rural code Protection of DECREE n° 2003-768 the plants

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions VI.3 FRENCH REGULATIONS

Provisions of adaptation to the Community legislation in the field of the sanitary control of the plants and modifying the rural code (lawful part) The minister in charge for agriculture and the DECREE n° 2005-1783 minister in charge for the customs fix by decree: The list of the prohibited harmful organisms, list plants, crop products and other objects subjected to control or prohibited and plant health requirements

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions VI. 4 FRENCH REGULATIONS

Phytosanitary requirements of the plants, crop products and other Transcription objects of the directive 2000/29/CE Arrêté 24 mai 2006 List prohibited harmful organisms List plants, crop products and other objects subjected to control or prohibited.

Conditions to fill for the introduction or Arrêté 10 juin 1998 circulation of certain harmful organisms, vegetable, crop products and other objects for scientific purposes.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions VI. 3 FRENCH REGULATIONS

Decree of May 15th, 1998 drawing up the list of the agents entitled to proceed with the control of work at ends of test for scientific purposes or for work on the varietal selections.

Decree of May 18th, 2009 fixing the list of the frontier stations of veterinary control and plant health

Appendix I. Frontier Stations Appendix II. Official controls of the intended products to the animal feeds coming from third country Appendix III.Plant health controls of whole or part of the plants, the crop products and other objects

D. COUTINOT 2010. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions VI.4 FRENCH ADMINISTRATIVE DISPOSALS

Ministry for agriculture, Head office of the food. 2002

Certifications of the installations for the introduction or the circulation of certain harmful organisms, vegetable, crop products and other objects for work at ends of test or scientists purposes or for work on the varietal selections concerned with the provisions of the directive 2000/29/CE modified”.

• Procedures relative at the request of approval of the installations.

• Requirements according to the levels of containment.

• Determination of the level of containment according to the regulated materials: arthropods, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, virus.

D. COUTINOT 2010. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions VI.5 FRENCH ADMINISTRATIVE DISPOSALS

Procedure of renewal of approval within the framework of the directive 2008/61/CE

Memorandum DGAL/SDQPV/N2004-8111 April 13th, 2004

PRINCIPLES FOR THE RENEWAL OF THE AGREEMENT PLANT QUARANTINE

Procedure based on the file examination of renewal in 4 parts:

1. Concise presentation of the laboratory and the evolution of its installation since the delivery of approval

2. Quarantine activities during preceding approval

3. Protocol of use of quarantine: registers and procedures,

4. Actions of maintenance during preceding approval.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions IV.1 FRENCH LEGISLATION JORF n°0160 of July 13th, 2010 page 12905 LAW n° 2010-788 of July 12th, 2010 National engagement for the environment

The entry on the territory and the introduction into the environment of a nonindigenous macro-organism useful for the plants within the framework of the biological control should be subjected with an prior approval.

• L-258 articles of the rural code.

• Decree of the ministry for agriculture and the ministry in charge of the environment.

• Request will relate to the containment measures

• Preliminary risk analyzes in the event of releasing

• 2 years – 75 000€ L258 – Preparation of the Decree

• Technical school of Containment • Montpellier, April 2010 • Presentation of the futur articles L258

• Decree Project • Introduction exotic macro organisms for scientific purposes • Visit of the French expert X. Langlet DGAL, october 2010 • Talks with the scientific Community

• Parlementary Mission • Antoine Herth, French deputy (Bas-Rhin) and farmer , was nammed by decree to be in charge of a 3 months mission on Biocontrol, and will intercede to the Ministry of Agriculture to value the potentiality in the scope of the French plan Ecophyto 2018. L258 - Questions

• Autorization – without Risk Analysis • Autorization dependent from containment measures • Autorisation Request : contain? To who? • Agreement to the title directive 2008/61/CE • Without agreement? • Type of containment? – Level (solid, liquid, air) • Import BCA/hosts (regulated or not) • Transfer of living material to an other research institute? – Scientific agreement • Detention, circulation on French territory: – experimentations in third countries (EU and others) Proposition de schémas fonctionnels concernant l’entrée sur le territoire de macro-organismes à des fins de travaux scientifiques

Analyse du risque phytosanitaire Non systématique et environnemental

- Organismes / Hôtes réglementés Demande d’entrée Autorisation préalable - Organismes / Hôtes non réglementés - Types de confinement sur le Territoire NS1 Subordonnée au respect de mesures de confinement NS2

NS3 Arrêté conjoint MAAP / MEEDDM Autres (adaptés)

- Subordonnée à description de la structure d’accueil -Identification des macro-organismes a) Macro-organismes -Taxonomie (Ordre, Famille, Genre, espèce, descripteur) - Date de récolte définis au préalable - Lieu de récolte (localité, département/province, pays) - Nom(s) du (des) collecteur(s) - Structure/personne responsable de la collecte

- Subordonnée à description de la structure d’accueil - Subordonnée à description des travaux envisagés - Demande portant sur des antagonistes de ravageurs/plantes b) Macro-organismes ciblés non définis au préalable -Subordonnée à la transmission d’un rapport d’activité - identification organismes collectés -Précision des organismes faisant l’objet des travaux LEGAL PACKAGE Relevant for Biological Control

Constitution

Agreements SPM

INTERNATIONAL IPPC Convention IIPC Standard ISPM 3 EPPO Standards PM6 PROVISIONS OECD Advices

CBD Convention Nagoya Protocol ABS Regime

CITES Convention

UE LEGISLATION Directive 2000/29/CE UE PROHIBITIONS

Directive 2008/61/CE UE CONDITIONS

Directive 91/414/CE Phytopharmacological products FRENCH Regulation 1107/2009/CE Directive 2009/128/CE LEGISLATION Law L258 Exotic Macro-organisms BC

Rural code Environment code Customs code Labor code

Decree Ordinance Circular

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions © Collections, Importations, Exportations, Use of BC Agents Plant Protection – Agriculture – Biodiversity - Environment European Biological Control Laboratory Country of Origin EBCL-USDA-ARS Country of Origin Collections – Exportations Montpellier, France (EU) U.S. Cooperators Importations in France (EU) U.S. Agriculture Releases by a 3d Country French agreements Under specific conditions Collection Permit Benefits sharing Quarantine Activity Certified Export Permit Quarantines: 170 m2 Scientific Collaboration Letter of Authority Permit Importations Knowledge of Legislation Insects - Plants or Declaration of Importation New Data Phytosanitary Certificate Known loader New Species Security program CITES Declaration Exportations Reports Release Authorization Living Beneficials Scientific Papers

Release Permit Import – Export Reduction of Pests $ Veterinary Control 2011 French customs ABS Regime 2011 ? FEDEX Import of BC agents 2011 ? EU Import Control System 2011

Under International Conventions, Legislation and Regulations

in force in European Union, France and Country of Origin © Dominique COUTINOT CONCLUSIONS

• International Adhesion of certain exporting countries and respect of the above mentionned conventions.

• European Union Decisions must be taken more quickly at the time of scientifically proven facts.

• France Decree from the Council of State specifying the conditions for application of the articles L.258 Biological Control and Exotic macro-organisms

• UE/EEZ /EPPO Harmonization for the regulation of the invertebrate BCA

• TEXTS Ignored, should be regularly carried to knowledge.

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions CONCLUSIONS

• Trainings • EBCL staff • Conferences • EBCL students • Publications • EBCL visitors • Collaborations • Research Institutes • Privates companies • Ministry of agriculture • Informal group of containment

D. COUTINOT 2011. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions PUBLICATIONS

COUTINOT D. (in press). Prélèvement, Détention, Importation, Circulation, Exportation, et Lâchers d’organismes vivants à des fins de recherche ou de contrôle biologique : aspects législatifs et réglementaires. "Des Insectes et des Plantes". Editions Publibook collection "Biologie & Environnement". COUTINOT D. 2010. Conservation and protection of the biodiversity: legislation and lawful aspects. P49. In Biodiversity, Dossier Agropolis International, 84pp. COUTINOT D. 2010. Dispositions Internationales et Régionales, Droit Communautaire relatifs à la Lutte Biologique. Proceedings du Septième Congrès de l’Association Marocaine de Protection des Plantes, mai 2010, Rabat, Maroc, 501-508. COUTINOT D. 2009. Les principaux textes législatifs et réglementaires relatifs aux micro-organismes. Pp. 103- 104 « La lutte biologique. Application aux arthropodes ravageurs et aux adventices », Collection TECHNOSUP, Editions Ellipses. COUTINOT D. 2006. Une évaluation des risques avant l’introduction d’organismes auxiliaires ? Conférence AFPP « L'entretien des espaces verts, jardins, gazons, forêts, zones aquatiques et autres zones non agricoles ». Avignon, 11-12 octobre 2006. pp. 343-350. COUTINOT D. 2005. Dispositions Internationales, Droit Communautaire, Dispositions Législatives et réglementaires françaises relatives à la Lutte Biologique. 5pp. 7ème Conférence Internationale sur les Ravageurs en Agriculture, Montpellier, France. 26-27 octobre 2005. COUTINOT D. 2003. www.ars-ebcl.org Dispositions Législatives et Réglementaires. Organismes nuisibles, végétaux, produits végétaux et organismes génétiquement modifiés : quelles règles pour leur confinement, leur circulation et leur détention ? COUTINOT D., P. EHRET, G. THEISSEN. 2006. Importation d’organismes exotiques à des fins scientifiques. Droit Communautaire & Dispositions Législatives et Réglementaires Françaises. Pp 98-104. In: Invasive Plants in the Mediterranean Type Regions of the World. Meze (France), May 25-27, 2005. Proceedings Sarah Brunel, Editor. Environmental Encounters Series, No.59. Council of Europe Publishing. 428pp.

D. COUTINOT 2010. Introduction to Law – International, European Union, French Dispositions Quelques sites

CIPV www.fao.org CDB www.biodiv.org CITES www.cites.org OEPP www.eppo.org Droit communautaire http://europa.eu.int Droit français www.legifrance.gouv.fr

Veille Législative Santé végétale UE & France http://www.agrilegis.fr GalatéePro http://galateepro.agriculture.gouv.fr sur abonnement : textes consolidés Normes Agrilegis

[email protected] www.ars-ebcl.org QUARANTINE CONTAINMENT – IMPORTS and EXPORTS

Merci pour votre attention

[email protected] www.ars-ebcl.org Dominique COUTINOT – March 21, 2011