Tutorial
L A Y O U T S Making Map Layouts
with TNTmips® TNTedit™ TNTview® Making Map Layouts Before Getting Started All the tools you need to create simple or complex maps and posters are found in both the Display and Page Layout modes of the Display process. The ability to precisely position objects on the page is part of any layout package, but the TNT products also provide the ability to add scale bars, map grids, legends, and annotation text as part of the powerful map and poster layout features found in the visualization process. Prerequisite Skills This booklet assumes you have completed the exercises in Displaying Geospatial Data and Basic TNT Concepts tutorials. The exercises in those booklets show you how to select and view raster, vector, CAD, shape, TIN, and database objects stored in Project Files. You should know how zoom, pan, and enhance display objects. Please be sure you remember how to add and remove layers from a multilayer view. You should also know how to set up and select your printer. This booklet does not present these basic skills again. Please consult Displaying Geospatial Data and Basic TNT Concepts for any review you need. Sample Data The exercises presented in this booklet use sample data distributed with the TNT products. If you do not have access to a TNT products DVD, you can download the data from MicroImages’ web site. The exercises in this booklet use objects from all Project Files in the MAPLO folder of DATA. The objects in the TOWNS Project File in the CARTOSCR folder are also used. Be sure to make a read/write copy of these files on your local drive. More Documentation This booklet is intended only as an introduction to the functions in Page Layout. Consult the reference materials at microimages.com and the Printing tutorial for more information. TNTmips® and TNTmips Free TNTmips comes in three versions: TNTmips Pro, TNTmips Basic, and TNTmips Free. This booklet refers to all versions as “TNTmips.” If you did not purchase the professional version (which requires a software license key) or TNTmips Basic (which is locked to an individual machine), TNTmips operates in the TNTmips Free mode, which limits the size of your project materials. Most exercises in this booklet can be completed in TNTmips Free using the sample geodata provided. Merri P. Skrdla, Ph.D., 20 January 2011 © MicroImages, Inc. 1997 – 2011
It may be difficult to identify the important points in some illustrations without a color copy of this booklet. You can print or read this booklet in color from MicroImages’ web site. The web site is also your source of the newest tutorial booklets on other topics. You can download an installation guide, sample data, and the latest version of TNTmips Free. http://www.microimages.com
page 2 Making Map Layouts Welcome to Making Map Layouts Laying out maps and posters generally requires you to assemble and arrange several objects for the dis- play screen or on a page. These objects may all be in a single georeferenced group with map grids, but you may additionally require scale bars, annotation text, map grids, legends, and other objects such as a Vocabulary: Most printers north arrow or your company logo. The ability to cannot print up to the edge of the paper. The area that create map grids, scale bars, legends, and annotation cannot be printed is called text is an integral part of TNTmips’ Display and Page the unprintable margin. Layout features. The size of the unprintable margin varies from one All of the tools and features in the Display process are printer model to the next. available for display and page layouts, including insertion of sketch layers and 3D groups. Display STEPS layouts let you arrange objects relative to each other launch TNT in the view window while page layouts add the select Main / Display from the TNT menu, concept of positioning relative to a page, which is click on the New necessary for printing. Any layout you create can be icon and choose saved for further refinement or as a template to be Page Layout reused in a series of maps. open the Options menu in the View window and Georeference is the basis for positioning layers in the turn off the Redraw after same group and for the relative sizing of separate any change toggle groups. When objects are georeferenced, you can print to or display at a specified map scale, which can be reflected in a scale bar and explicitly designated Pages 4–10 describe in text if desired. Objects that are not georeferenced, positioning multiple groups such as logos and text, are placed in separate groups on a page, adding map grids, and printing. On so they can be sized and positioned independently. pages 11–18 you develop a Some layouts may contain no georeferenced compo- more complex layout that nents, such as layouts made of screen captures and includes annotation text, a text for inclusion in a report. legend, logo, north arrow, and scale bars in addition to The full layout capabilities of TNTmips are avail- multiple layers in a able in TNTmips Free, however in the latter you are georeferenced group with a map grid. The rest of the restricted to a maximum layout size of 11" x 17" booklet provides information (tabloid size page). The professional version of about development of maps TNTmips supports printing on a variety of large in a series, templates, scale printers (paper sizes up to as large as current legend types, databases in layouts, sizing and scale technology allows) and printing over multiple pages. issues, rendering to various Support for dithered color printing up to 11" x 17" formats, and map scale- is included in the base price of TNTmips Pro. controlled visibility.
page 3 Making Map Layouts Positioning Two Groups on a Page STEPS Automatic group placement in page layouts differs choose Add/Multiple from that in display layouts. Groups are automati- Groups in the Display Manager and select the cally tiled in a display layout and have no specific COMPOSITE object in the attachments. All groups added to a page layout have CIR_COMP Project File an initial group attachment that centers them on the twice page. Customized group placement is established click on the Group Set- with the Placement tool or in the Group Settings tings icon for Group 2 window, which you open by clicking on the Settings icon found in the group icon row of the Display turn off the Auto-Redraw Manager or with the Placement tool. The parameters toggle button at the top right of the Group Set- set apply to the currently active group. You change tings window the group you are click on the Layout tab making settings and change the entry in for by changing the At Scale field at the the active group. lower right of the Group Settings window to You can change 124000 group names by click on [To] in the Ver- typing a new tical Attachment panel name in the Group select Margin in the list in the window that opens Settings window, but in this example there are just and click OK two groups with Group 1 at the top of the page and select Bottom to Bottom Group 2 at the bottom, so we’ll leave the default from the option menu in names. the Vertical panel click on the group name The map scale at which your layout is printed is set for Group 1 to make it in the At Scale field at the lower right of the Group the active group Settings window. The value in this field is the same click on [To] in the Ver- as that in the Map Scale field of the Page Setup tical Attachment panel window; a change made to one of these fields is click on Margin and OK updated to the other. in the window that opens select Top to Top from the option menu in the Vertical panel, and click on [Redraw]
Keep this layout open Red lines indicate through the exercise on p. 8. unprintable margins.
page 4 Making Map Layouts Setting Group Projections
The default group orientation uses the object coordi- STEPS nates of the first (bottom) layer in the group. If you with Group 1 active, click want the group orientation to be derived from map on the Projection tab in coordinates, you need to set the Auto-Match feature the Group Settings win- dow and choose None to None and choose a projection for use in orienta- on the Auto-Match option tion. Once you choose a group projection, the layers button, then click on [Pro- in the group may be reoriented according to the jection] projection. The selected projection and the geom- expand National and etry of the objects selected for display determine Local in the Predefined panel of the Coordinate whether a Projection Upright orientation is notice- Reference System win- ably different from an Object Upright orientation. dow that opens expand the United States group and the group for the state of Nebraska choose NAD27/SPCS27 Nebraska North Zone (m) click [OK] in the Coordi- nate Reference System window click on the Select icon for Group 2 and check that the Auto-Match op- tion is set to First Raster or First Layer
Note: when rasters are rotated in a layout, they tend to slow the printing process. Within the size constraints of TNTmips Free or when rotated to 90°, 180°, or 270°, the effect is not significant. However, when printing large rasters, you may shorten the printing time by rotating and saving the raster (Raster / Resample and Reproject/ Automatic) prior to printing. Then substitute the rotated raster for the original in the layout.
page 5 Making Map Layouts Adding Map Grids STEPS A map grid may contain one or more of the follow- with Group 1 active, ing components: grid lines, neatline, border, inte- click on the Add rior/exterior tick marks, and coordinate labels. We Map Grid icon will use all except interior tick marks. You can set check that the Refer- ence System is United the color and size independently for each of these. States State Plane 1927 You can also set the font and style for coordinates. [NAD27/SPCS27 Ne- braska North Zone (m)] Any map grid added comes up by default in the and the units are meters selected group projection. You can always change on the Interval panel, set this projection, either for the group as a whole or for N-S and E-W Intervals to the map grid. You can also overlay multiple map 2000 and the Starting At grids in different projections on a single group. option to Origin on the Graphics panel, The default map grid colors are a medium gray so check that the Show they have a fair chance of showing up over most buttons for Grid Lines, Neatline, and Exterior images and backgrounds. Let’s set the neatline Border Ticks are on color to blue and all others to black. click on the color tile next to each of the se- lected graphic elements, and change Grid Lines and Exterior Border Ticks to black and the Neatline to blue change the Neatline Width to 1.5 mm (leave defaults for others, as shown at right) choose Design Scale on the Sizes at option menu on the Labels panel, click on [Style], set font to Arial or a similar font, set the Ascender height to 5 Points, check that the At Scale option is set to Design, and click [OK] in the Edit Styles window set the Coordinates For- mat to xXXxxx / XX, and turn on the Show grid coordinates toggle opens the Edit space between tick Styles window click on [OK] in the Map mark and label Grid Layer Controls win- dow
page 6 Making Map Layouts Printing a Layout For most applications you would print a single large STEPS image with two different map grids overlaid rather with Group 2 active, click on the Add than two separate groups with their own map grids as Map Grid icon we have here. The point of the exercise, however, is check that the Refer- not only adding map grids, but also group position- ence System is Latitude ing, projection, and orientation. / Longitude (NAD27/ Geographic) on both the We are now ready to print this layout. The default Extents and Interval printer is always the last selected printer so you panels with a N-S and E- should be set to go from your printing exercise in the W interval of 0 01 00.00 Displaying Geospatial Data tutorial. It is always a check that the settings made in steps 4–8 on the good idea to check your page setup when you haven’t previous page have been printed for a while unless you know no one else uses maintained your computer. click on [OK], then Redraw
choose Print from the Display menu in the Dis- play Manager window The optimal dither pattern will verify that the printer vary from printer to printer. You Model and Destination may even wish to let Windows do are as intended the dithering. The selected dither click on the Dithering tab pattern is the one I prefer for and set the Raster Dither color raster images on my Pattern to Jarvis-Judice- printer. Be sure to leave the Ninke (or let Windows Non-Raster Dither Pattern set to do the dithering) Vector Pattern. click on [Print]
page 7 Making Map Layouts Toggling Tick Mark Colors click on the Map TNTmips provides the ability to toggle between any Grid icon for the two colors for interior map grid tick marks. Use of grid in Group 2 this feature creates greater visibility of map grid tick turn off the Show marks over the entire map area when toggle for Grid Lines, and turn on the Show there is considerable variation in toggle for Interior brightness over the underlying image Ticks or vector. You choose a primary color, which is set the left color button initially assigned to all interior tick marks, and a to black and the right to secondary color, which can be assigned to indi- white, the thickness to 0.1 mm and the length to vidual tick marks as shown in this exercise. Interior 2 mm in the Interior border tick color can also be toggled. Ticks panel, then click [OK] You toggle tick mark color using the Select tool in position the cursor to- the GeoToolbox, not the Select tool in the View ward the bottom of window. This right mouse button menu choice is Group 2 (bottom group) also available when other GeoToolbox tools are over the butte, and active. When you right-click with the Select tool, a press the + key to zoom menu with a single choice pops up. If you actively open the GeoTool- box and choose its choose Toggle Grid Tick Color from the right mouse Select tool button menu, the single, closest interior tick mark or right click over the butte internal border tick from all the map grid layers is and select the menu changed to the secondary color. If you subsequently choice that pops up change the secondary tick mark color, the color of repeat for the other tick the tick marks assigned to the secondary color will marks over the butte also change when the layout is redrawn just as for save your layout for use tick marks drawn in the primary color. You can, of in the exercise on p.44 course, also toggle a tick mark back to the primary color.
page 8 Making Map Layouts Relative and Absolute Size The point of using a map layout product, such as STEPS TNTmips, instead of a page layout product like click on the New icon Adobe® PageMaker® or Microsoft® Publisher, is that and select Page Layout a map layout product uses georeference information click on the Add Objects icon and to determine accurate map scales for printing and select the two objects in precise geographic overlay of a variety of object the CIR_COMP Project File types. However, often not all components of a map (select vector second) or other layout are georeferenced (for example, open the Layer Controls annotation text, legends, and company logos). The for the SITES object, click on [Edit] for All Same size for such components must be set when design- point style, and set the ing a layout, and that size needs to be either absolute At Scale option to None (unchanging) or relative to some map scale. click [OK] in the Style Editor and Layer Con- You set how to determine size for text, legends, line trols windows patterns, symbols, and some scale bar parameters. zoom in and out and Map scale enters into displayed sizes, so your choice note the effects also determines if the size changes as you zoom in change the At Scale and out. How to set the size for ungeoreferenced option to User Defined objects like logos and text is discussed in the Rela- (120000) and then De- sign (repeat steps 3–5 tive Group Zoom exercise. for each) Design Scale 1:120000 1:120000 1:120000 1:60000 Display Scale 1:240000 1:120000 1:60000 1:60000 “At Scale” Setting
Fixed (None) stays specified size regardless of design scale or display scale
User Defined (1:120000) zooms relative to the specified map scale, changing design scale has no effect
Design Scale (see top line) zooms relative to the design scale, changing design scale changes display scale for specified size
page 9 Making Map Layouts Symbols with Fixed Ground Dimensions with the two objects from You may want to design a symbol or line pattern so the previous exercise that it is always the same size or width on the ground still displayed, click on the Vector icon for regardless of the scale of your layout or the resolu- the SITES layer tion of your data. For example, a four lane divided on the Points panel of highway should have the same width on the ground the Vector Layer Con- whether displayed over a raster with 1-meter or 10- trols, click on [Edit] for meter cell size, and a symbol for a radar reflector that Style measures ten feet across should represent ten feet set the units to Inches whether displayed at 1:60000 or 1:120000. and the Height to 1.00 set At Scale to User- Fixed ground dimensions are not a property of the Defined, enter 120000 in symbol or line pattern—they are a property of the the field to the right, and click [OK] in the Style style. Achieving such real-world sizes across map Editor and Vector Layer scales requires that the At Scale option be set to User- Controls windows Defined. You could theoretically set the symbol size click on Redraw or line width at a map scale of 1:1, which would click on the Geo- eliminate scaling calculations, but the Style Editor Toolbox icon, then attempts to display the on the Ruler tool Ruler sample at the requested zoom up on one of the absolute dimensions, and flag symbols and mea- sure the pole length a 10-meter symbol far ex- click on the Open ceeds the available Display icon, and sample area. A number of select the OPTGROUP* ob- reasonable size examples ject in the TOWNS Project are provided below to assist you in setting your own File from the CARTOSCR folder map scales. click on the icon for The symbology used in TOWNS vector, click this exercise is not sig- [Styles] on the Object tab, navigate to the SITES nificant, but the results object in the CIR_COMP are. The measurements Project File, and select shown are the same for its VECTSTYLE subobject objects whose extents click on the Points tab, vary by approximately change the Style to All Same, click on [Edit], ten-fold. then set the Point Style to Symbol, click on f2 to select the symbol, and at 1:12000, 1" = 1000 feet set the height and scale at 1:120000, 1" = 10000 feet * Do not save the as in steps 3 and 4 at 1:1200, 1" = 100 feet changes when you repeat steps 5–7 at 1:1000, 10mm = 10 meters close this group. at 1:10000, 10mm = 100 meters
page 10 Making Map Layouts Starting a Complex Layout Now we’re going to create a fairly typical image map STEPS using a central large raster with a map grid and CAD close the group from the last exercise (do not save overlays, a legend, scale bars, north arrow, company changes) and the two logo, and annotation text. Let’s start the map with layouts already made the largest group, which contains a raster and three click on the New icon CAD layers. and choose Page Layout We’ll add the map grid next since it will change the click on the Add size of the group. The default projection for a map Layer(s) icon and grid is obtained from the georeference selected in the select COMPOSITE, Layer Controls for the first layer, which happens to BUFFERZONES, SHORELINE, and ROADSANDSTREAMS in be Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) for the the MILLNGTN Project File raster layer in this layout. We’ll change this to (in that order) Latitude / Longitude. click on the Settings icon for Group 1, Turn this option then the Layout tab, and off if it is on to set the Layout Scale to be able to set 42000 extents. click on the Add Turn this option Map Grid icon off if it is on. click on [Reference Sys- Unless the tem] on the Extents extents are as tabbed panel and select specified here, Latitude / Longitude the neatline will (Geographic 2D) not be at the set the North-South raster’s edge. Range to N 39 15 00 to N 39 18 45, and the East - West Range to W 75 52 30 to W 75 48 45 click on [Reference Sys- tem] on the Interval tabbed panel and select Keep this Latitude / Longitude layout open (Geographic 2D), then until done with set the Interval to 0 00 30 the exercise on in both directions p. 18, or save it, and use make the neatline thick- Open Display ness 1 mm and the color to start again black (refer to p. 6) where you left set the Label format to off. DD°MM'SS" and the As- cender Height to 7 Points click on [OK]
page 11 Making Map Layouts Add Heading Text and Reposition Groups STEPS The icon for adding a text layer is on the main click on the Add Display Manager toolbar because text must be in a Text icon separate group for sizing and positioning. The best click on the Text choice of group attachment options depends on a Style icon in the Text Layer Controls variety of factors such as whether you want the group check that the font to follow movements of an- is the same as other group and whether the selected on page layout will be used again at a 6, and click on the different map scale. Bold toggle Not all printers have set the Ascender Height to 30 Points symmetrical margins, so horizontal center- choose Design from the At Scale option ing is best achieved menu and click [OK] by attaching to the click in the text box page. You can posi- and type in Millington tion objects at the SW edge of the printable click [OK] in the Text area by attaching Layer Controls window them to the margin. on the Group Settings Layout panel, click on An outline of the group extents appears when you [To…] for Vertical At- switch to the Placement tool so you can drag a group tachment, choose Mar- gin, then choose Top to to a new position on the page. The cursor is the cross Top from the Vertical arrows shape for repositioning. The cursor shapes Attachment option menu; (and functions) used for resizing elastic boxes are set the Horizontal At- inactive while the Lock toggle next to the Relative tachment to Group 1* Zoom field is on. This lock prevents inadvertent click on Redraw change of the group’s map scale relative to the click on the Place- ment icon in the layout scale and other groups, so that the group View window prints at the map scale you expect. position the mouse within the outline for Group 1 so that you have the hand cursor, then click, after the cur- sor changes to the cross arrow, click and hold while dragging the box upward closer to the heading text (keep the horizontal spacing at zero), then press * You could use the default horizontal attachments for this
page 12 Making Map Layouts Using the Layout Placement Tool The Layout Placement tool provides a graphic means STEPS of visualizing and changing the position and attach- right click over the lay- out and choose ment of all groups in a layout. You can make a group Wireframe View the active group by clicking on it. The information right click over the lay- in the Group Settings window is updated when the out again and choose active group is changed and the group becomes Solid eligible for changes in position and attachment. Use right click over the lay- the Placement tool and the Group Settings window out again and turn Solid together to get the results you want. off Changing group attachments works differently with hand cursor—you are the Placement tool than in the Group Settings win- over a group that is dow. If you change what a group is attached to in the not the active group Group Settings window, the values in the Spacing but will become the fields remain the same. If you change the attachment active group if you click with the Placement tool, the group remains in the cross arrows cursor— same position on the page and the spacing values are you are over the recalculated to reflect its distance from the new active group and will attachment group. reposition the active group and everything There are three viewing modes: normal, wireframe, attached to it if you and solid. In the normal mode, all layers are drawn click and drag and the Placement tool elements are added. Reposi- double arrow cursor— tioning is easy in this mode, but it is sometimes you will grab an attachment arrow difficult to see the attachment arrows. Drawing is when you click faster in the wireframe and solid modes. You choose left arrow cursor—no the viewing mode from the right mouse button menu, action associated with which also has a Lock Scale toggle if over a group. this cursor shape
The group name is provided as a DataTip when the Layout Placement tool is active.
Note: You can also change to the Placement tool by typing the letter p when the View window has focus.
page 13 Making Map Layouts Adding a Scale Bar STEPS The vertical spacing for the final position of Group click on the Add 1 will be a negative number (indicating it is above Scale Bar icon the point of attachment) that varies with your change the units in the printer’s printable area. The group’s position can Map Units panel to miles then enter 2 for length also be adjusted by entering a number directly in the set the Major and Minor Spacing field for horizontal or vertical attachment. Divisions to 4 and 5, Pressing
You now have a scale bar, The first minor division which is the active group, (upper left) is the odd centered on the page. color; colors then alternate.
page 14 Making Map Layouts Multiple Scale Bars and Positioning Once you have added one scale bar, you just need to STEPS change the parameters in the Map Units panel, click on the Add namely the units and length, to add other matching Scale Bar icon scale bars to the layout. Settings in other panels change the units in the Map Units panel to feet should remain the same. then set the length to Note that you can change group names before or after 10000 establishing attachments; the attachment informa- check that the font is still the font selected previ- tion is updated whenever a name is changed. Attach- ously ing the scale bars to each other and then to the image click on [OK] in the Scale map (Group 1) lets you establish uniform spacing Bar Layer Controls between the scale bars, and sets it so subsequent repeat steps 1–4 except adjustments to the image map position bring along change the units to kilo- the scale bars with the current spacing maintained. meters, enter 2 for the Length and change the Thus, if you later decide you want to move the image Units Label to km closer to or further from the heading text, the scale for Vertical Attachment bars will also move provided you make the position (Layout panel of the adjustments to Group 1. When you change to a Group Settings window) different tool, such as the zoom box, the View is with the km group active, click on [To] and choose redrawn. feet, then Top to Bottom, with a Spacing of 0.1"; make the horizontal at- tachment also to feet, Center to Center select the feet group and attach it vertically Top to Bottom, with a Spacing of 0.1" to the miles group, and hori- zontally, Center to Cen- ter, also to the miles group select the miles group and attach it vertically to Group 1, Top to Bottom, with a 0.2" spacing and horizontally to Group 1, Center to Center right click and turn off Wireframe View click on Save Dis- Scale bars enlarged play (name the lay- in regular drawing out if not yet saved) mode to show detail.
page 15 Making Map Layouts Adding a Logo and North Arrow STEPS Map layouts generally contain one or more compo- click on the Add 2D nents that are not georeferenced. In addition to Group to Layout icon annotation text and legends, which are sized relative click on the Add Objects icon, and to some map scale when added, there may be a north select the NORTH object arrow and logo or other strictly graphic components. from the LAYOUT Project All such components must be placed in separate File groups so they can be sized independently. change the Group Name to North Arrow in the You usually have to change the relative zoom in Group Settings window order to get ungeoreferenced objects to display cor- set the Horizontal At- rectly with georeferenced objects. You do not want tachment To Group 1 to make direct en- (Left to Left) with a tries into the spacing of -0.2" and the Vertical Attachment Width, Height, or To miles (Top to Top) Relative Zoom set the Height to 1.25" fields for georef- (type directly in the erenced layers un- Height field) less adding an enlarged or reduced inset to your click on the Add 2D layout (see later exercise on Relative Zoom). How- Group to Layout icon, then on the Add ever, to make the size of an ungeoreferenced group Objects icon, and reasonable in a layout, you can enter the desired select the MIGLOBE object number in any of these fields, and the other two will from the LAYOUT Project be automatically adjusted. Direct entry into one of File these fields overrides the Lock toggle, which pre- change the Group Name to Logo vents accidental resizing while repositioning a group with the mouse. set the Horizontal Attach- ment To Group 1 (Right to Right) with Spacing of -0.6 and the Vertical At- tachment To miles (Top to Top) set the Height to 1.0"
click on the Redraw icon
page 16 Making Map Layouts Adding a Legend and Descriptive Text A line legend object has been prepared for your use STEPS in this layout. This legend includes only the water choose Add/Legend/ Quick-Add Legend from related line features; road lines are not included. the Display Manager You create your own vector and raster legends in menu, and select later exercises. LINELEGEND from the LAYOUT Project File Text entered as part of a layout is saved in the layout leave the Horizontal properties, Attachment as is and set which elimi- the Vertical Attachment nates the need to To Margin (Bottom to Bottom) keep track of the click on the Add text separately. Text icon, click on You can also the Text Style icon and open a text file to supply the text. You can edit text then on [Advanced Set- after it is entered by opening the layer controls and tings], turn on the Word Wrap toggle, set the typing in the changes. You do not need to press block width to 2.00
click on the Redraw icon Note: the icons to add objects automatically placed in separate groups, such as text, scale bars, and legends, are found on the toolbar in the Display Manager window. Object types that may exist with others in a group, such as rasters and vectors, are added from the Add Objects icon or the Add menu. If you want one of the latter objects to be in a separate group, you must first add a new group.
page 17 Making Map Layouts One More Text Block and Clipping STEPS Your advanced settings are retained from one text click on the Add Text block to the next. In the case of centered text with a icon and set the Text return at the end of each line, the block width makes Alignment to Center and the Ascender Height no difference except in the wireframe shown with the to 9 Points with a Ver- Nontidal Wetlands Placement tool. You can tical Space of 11 Guidance Map (1989) change text characteristics Points State of Maryland Department of Natural Resources by setting them before you type in the text in the Water Resources Administration begin typing or by high- box at the right (press
Before Clipping
CAD lines extend beyond border
After Clipping
A completed version of this layout is also available with the sample data for this booklet (layout.rvc/Millington).
page 18 Making Map Layouts Additional Clipping Options Groups can be clipped a number of different ways in click on the the TNT products. Clipping is done on a group by GeoToolbox icon in the View window group basis. Not all clipping options are manually click on the Sketch tab set as in the previous exercise. There is a toggle on and save the empty the Projection tabbed panel of the Group Settings sketch layer window that is active as long as the Auto-Match make an annotation out- option on the same panel is set to a choice other than side group extents in the None. When this Clip to Auto-Matched Layer toggle open layout when Group 1 is the active group is on, the Clipping tab is inactive and the extents of turn on the Options/ the layer used for auto-matching are used for clip- Sketch/Clip Sketch if ping. You could use this method to achieve the same Group Is Clipped results as in the previous exercise without having to toggle and redraw enter geographic coordinates. turn off the toggle and redraw again You have the option of clipping or not clipping a delete the sketch sketch layer when the group that contains it is clipped. layer then save the This setting is found in the GeoToolboxon the Op- layout tions/Sketch menu (Clip Sketch If Group Is Clipped toggle). When sketch layers are used as annotation, you probably do not want them clipped with the group. This toggle is off by default. There is also a Use geographically-attached group clipping option on the Clipping tabbed panel of the Group Settings window. This option lets you use the same clipping settings as the group to which the active group is geographically attached. For more information on geographic attachment, see the later exerise entitled Attach Groups by Georeference.
sketch layer not clipped with group sketch layer clipped with group
page 19 Making Map Layouts Placement Tool Hot and Modifier Keys STEPS The Layout Placement tool has a number of key- change to the Lay- board shorcuts to make your layout manipulations out Placement tool quicker. These keys are only active when the View change to wireframe window has focus. Both the spacebar and the
Group 1 dragged without Group 1 dragged with original layout
page 20 Making Map Layouts Maps in a Series: Same Paper Size You may be doing production work in which you STEPS want to make a series of maps that use roughly the click on the Open same layout. The selections you make when setting icon, and select the Millington layout saved text sizes and line widths determine how easy it is to on p. 19 (if not open) reuse a layout. In general, the At Design Scale choose Save As from settings are best suited for a series of maps designed the Display menu and for the same paper size. Such maps may contain create a new object in different depictions of the same ground area or may the CIR_COMP Project File be of a different location at the same map scale. with Group 1 selected, turn off the Clip toggle* Templates can easily prompt you for replacement on the Clipping panel objects for such a map series (see the next two and set the map scale to exercises). This exercise describes how to alter a 86000 (Layout panel) layout for a different location at a different map scale remove the raster and because it is a somewhat more complex problem. three CAD layers (DO NOT remove the map You can “reuse” a map grid from one layout to grid layer) another that covers a different geographic area by click on the Add opening the Map Grid Layer Controls and updating Objects icon, select COMPOSITE from the CIR_ the extents of the map grid without altering other COMP Project File, parameters. If the map scale is significantly differ- and lower the raster ent, you may also want to change the grid interval. open the Map Grid Layer Controls; change The width and text size for scale bars is always to N-S Range of N 42 37 relative to a map scale, so you need to change this 30 to N 42 45 00 and E- scale to the new layout scale to keep the same text W Range of W 103 22 30 size and width. The length automatically changes to to W 103 15 00 be correct at the new layout scale, however, you may on the Interval panel, change the Interval to 0 want to change the assigned length of the scale bars. 01 00 in both directions, You also need to select the groups containing the and click [OK] logo and north arrow and enter the desired height (or open the layer controls width). for each of the scale bars and change the At The text groups may need Scale value to 86000 to have the text changed set the Height for the to correctly identify the North Arrow group to new map; Millington SW 1.25" and the Logo group to 1.0" should be changed to click on Redraw Crow Butte in this ex- ample. Some text layers, choose Display / Close (saving is up to you) such as the one at the lower * I f this toggle is not off, right, may apply to all lay- only the legend and text outs without editing. groups draw.
page 21 Making Map Layouts Maps in a Series: Different Paper Sizes STEPS The maximum printable area in TNTmips Free and click on the Open Basic is tabloid size (11" x 17"), which is sufficiently icon, and select the Millington layout saved larger than letter size to illustrate the effect of chang- on p. 19 (not p. 21) ing paper size on a layout. You do not actually have choose Save As from to have the printer to select it (if choosing models the Display menu and with the Printer option toggled on). create a new object in the same Project File Setting text and legend layers relative to some choose Display / Page defined map scale means that they change size as the Setup, click on [Model], map scale changes, which is what you want to and select a printer able happen if you’re also changing paper size when you to print to B size paper (11" x 17", such as the change map scale. As mentioned on the previous HP PaintJet XL) page, scale bar size specifications (width and line on the Size panel, set thickness) can only be relative to a specified map the Map Scale to 28000, scale. The text size can be relative to either a user- change the Media Size to defined or the design map scale. The length of scale B, and click [OK] bars always adjusts automatically when the map select each of the three scale of the layout changes. text groups (Millington SW, This image was generated using the, and Nontidal Wetlands), open the layer controls for each, and change the Scale setting to User- groups relative to Defined [42000] in the Design scale at Text Style Editor window new paper size (recall that 42000 was and layout scale the scale of the Millington map on A size paper) open the Layer Controls for the legend and set the scale to User-De- fined Map Scale [42000] in the Legend Layer Controls Sizes panel click on Redraw groups relative Note how much closer to the desired to User-Defined result you come when changing paper map scale at sizes if User-Defined at the original new paper size map scale is set. You would probably and layout scale still want to increase the size of the heading and perhaps move the image map up a little on the page before printing this layout.
page 22 Making Map Layouts Maps in a Series: Setting Up Templates Layout templates are designed for use with maps in STEPS a series at the same layout scale and the same paper click on the Open Display icon, and size. You could, however, have used a template for select the Millington lay- the last exercise, but the idea is to teach you a variety out saved on p. 19 of methods for modifying layouts. click on the Group Settings icon for the You need to do some preparation work with your North Arrow group layout before saving it as a template or you will be click on the Special tab, prompted for the contents of all replaceable groups then turn on the Save in the layout. There is a single control that deter- layers to template “as-is” mines whether or not you are prompted toggle for new group contents when a tem- plate is opened. This control is lo- cated on the Special panel of the Group Settings window. You need to turn on this toggle for each group that will be a constant feature in your map series, such as the North arrow and logo. click on the Logo group Scale bars are one layer type for which this toggle turn on the Save layers to template “as-is” toggle does not need to be set—they will be the same, unless click on the name of the you change the map scale, and then they are auto- This image was gener- matically adjusted. Legends also remain the same ated using the text group without any special settings. If the same (lower right) legend does not apply to the new map, turn on the Save layers you will need to change the legend (see to template “as-is” toggle exercise on page 25). With multi-object click on the Nontidal legends, as long as the layer names wetlands text group (lower left) and turn on remain the same, the legend will be the same option updated to reflect the new objects. The choose Display / Save layer name can be the file and object As Template name, the object name, or the object’s save the template with description. The one you select needs your Millington layout, to be consistent across objects if you and name it MARYLANDMAPS want the legend to apply to the replace- note the coordinates at ment objects. the upper left of the map Groups with map grids are handled specially. Al- though you are prompted for replacement layers, the map grid remains and is automatically adjusted to the extents of the new group contents.
page 23 Making Map Layouts Maps in a Series: Using Templates STEPS One of the features of templates is to prompt you for choose Display / Close, new group clipping extents if clipping was on in the and click [No] in the Question prompt window layout from which the template was saved. If you recall, you had entered the extents for the Millington click on the Open icon and select the SW raster and applied clipping to Group 1. In the MARYLANDMAPS template exercise on page 21 in which you manually update the layout, turning off clipping was included as one when prompted to select the spatial layers for of the steps before the new layout was drawn. If Group 1 choose COMPOS- clipping to the previous coordinates was still ap- ITE (raster) and plied to the new Group 1, the image map would not STMARY_NW (vector) both be drawn since it is completely outside the clipping in the STMARYS Project File rectangle. Thus, if you are using a template to make when prompted for group clip settings, turn a series of maps of the same ground area with differ- off the Clip toggle ent overlays clipped to specific extents, you will when prompted to enter have to reset the extents for clipping the group when replacement text for the template is loaded. The clipping extents at the Millington SW, change time the template was saved are still listed on the the text to St. Marys City NW, and click [OK] clipping panel. It is possible in a map series that the same legend would apply to all the maps, but that is not the case between the Millington and St. Marys City quarter quads. In the next exercise, you will learn how to make a new legend that does apply to this map. zoom up on the upper left corner and note the map coordinates have been changed
Note: You can also create maps in a series using an SML script. This approach is described in the Printing booklet.
page 24 Making Map Layouts Make a New Legend You use the legend already in the layout as the basis STEPS for the new legend in this exercise. Creating a new with the St. Marys layout legend object in this fashion has advantages over open, click on the Legend icon in the clicking on the Add Legend icon on the toolbar: you LineLegend (or Millington retain the group’s position and you retain any styles w...)* group defined for the existing legend, such as heading click on [Legend Object], styles. You also don’t need to delete the legend that navigate to your STMARYS no longer applies. Project File, click on the New Object icon, Yellow does not generally show up well in a legend change Millington in printed on paper, yet it is an excellent color for the description to St. Marys City NW, and click visibility on this particular map. You could specify [OK] a contrasting back- click on [Style Object], ground color for the navigate to the STMARYS legend if desired, how- Project File, and choose ever, you need to also the STYLES object make sure the text is click on [Edit Legend], select Break_Lead_Line still easily readable. in the Style column, then edit the text in the field toward the bottom of the window to read Break and Lead Lines select Estuarine_Lin and change the text to Estua- rine Wetlands; select All styles are Riverine_Lin and change initially listed the text to Riverine Wet- here. lands select Unclass, click on [Cut], select Palustrine_ The text you Lin and click on [Cut] enter here is click on --Heading-- in used as the the Available Styles col- label, replacing umn, then click on [Add] the default name, which is click in the text field to- the style name. ward the bottom of the window, type in Legend, and click [OK] click on Redraw click on the Save icon You might consider adding some space between the new legend and the margin because the new legend * The name of the group depends on whether you are viewing object is not as tall as the original legend in the layout. names or descriptions for layers.
page 25 Making Map Layouts Interactive Legend Design STEPS Multi-object legends let you combine legend infor- click on the Open mation for multiple objects and/or multiple element icon, and select the types in a single legend. They also offer features not HARLANFRANKLIN layout in the DLG_HYDR Project File available in other legend types, such as interactive click on the Add placement of legend components and the availabil- Legend icon ity of frames and shadows. You will create a legend click on the Add for the points, lines, and polygons from a single from Layer icon on vector object. The method for adding additional the Layout panel of the element types or objects to the legend is exactly the Legend Layer Controls same as that for adding the first. All new items in the click on Points for legend are initially placed in a single the hydrology layer, then click [OK] column. Items are selected for moving or repeat steps 3 and editing by clicking on them. Clicking 4, but choose Lines on an item then shift-clicking on a sec- repeat steps 3 and ond item will select the items you clicked 4, but choose Poly- on and all items in between. Holding the gons control key while clicking lets you make right-click on the multiple, noncontinuous selections. Stream entering water body, Stream Another feature that distinguishes multi- exiting water object legends from the other legend body... entry and pick Delete types is they are stored from the menu as part of the layout, right-click on like scroll bars and Apparent limit, text, rather than as Overpassing..., separate objects. The and choose Properties legend is saved to the double-click in layout when you click the text field to on the OK button in highlight the the Legend Layer text, type Pe- Controls. You can rennial, then click [OK] edit the legend by click on Pe- clicking on the rennial, shift-click on group’s legend Intermittent, then icon. right-click, choose The label editing Properties, turn on the feature of the Zigzag Line Sample, Properties and click [OK] window does not keep this layout open appear when for the next two exer- more than one cises item is selected.
page 26 Making Map Layouts Finishing a Multi-Object Legend Multi-object legends have two default text styles: STEPS Normal and Heading. Normal is used for labels and right-click in the blank Heading is the default for added text. You can, area of the Legend however, change these assignments in the Properties Layer Controls and window for the selected item. You can also change choose Add Vertical Guide the font, size, and style of both text types using the drag the new guide until Edit Text Style button at the top of the Legend Layer it is about 1/4" right of Controls. Additional text styles can be added for the first legend item complex legends. A heading can be repositioned click on Perennial, shift- and edited like any other item in a legend. click on Marsh, wetland, swamp, bog, drag the You can control the amount of space between legend group up and to the right items using the Offset values in the Properties win- until it is aligned with the dow. All items start out equally spaced, but this may top and new guides be inadvertently changed while dragging. Simply click on the Edit Text Style icon and select all items that you want to have the same change the parameters spacing, right-click to open the Properties window for Normal text if desired and enter the desired value for the top and left offset. click on the Frame tab, The top offset applies to the distance from the item turn on all three check or guide immediately above, so you may want a top boxes, and set the Angle to 330 or similar offset of zero for the top item in each column. You click on each of the can also change the order of items by dragging, and color tiles and choose spacing will some color scheme you automatically find pleasing (you should be adjusted to keep the backgound and drop shadow colors pale) accomodate click [OK], then click the change. on the Layout Place- ment icon* (in View) set the Vertical Attach- ment to the Margin, Bot- If your printable area is tom to Bottom at a Spac- smaller than that of the ing of 0.1" printer selected for the click on Redraw illustration, you may find print the layout if desired that the legend is too large to fit in the remain- * Groups that can have only ing space. Just click on one layer, such as legends, the Legend icon for the scale bars, and text, have group and reduce the limited functions available in size of samples and text the Group Settings window, as needed. See the and the icon that opens the CartoScripts booklet for Group Settings window is the how to get CartoScript Layout Placement icon. samples into legends.
page 27 Making Map Layouts Mattes with Legends and Other Groups STEPS A legend frame, such as that set up in the previous click on the Legend exercise, is a simple example of a matte, or back- icon to open the ground layer. Mattes can be used for decorative Legend Layer Controls, turn off the 3 toggles on effect with legends or any other group type and for the Frame panel, and entire layouts as well. A legend frame is limited to click [OK] a solid border with a solid fill and a solid color drop with Legend as the ac- shadow. Instead of setting frame parameters for a tive group, click on the legend in the Legend Layer Controls, you can choose Matte panel in the Group Settings window a matte for the legend group if you want more elaborate effects. Mattes provide gradient and radial set the background style to Gradient, then click on fills using any two colors and the color spread type the first color tile and you specify. You can also specify solid fills. There select medium bluegreen are nine predefined border styles for mattes (solid, with 70% transparency double, inset, outset, etched in, etched out, groove, ridge, and rounded), and CartoScripts can be used to create more ornate borders. You can choose a blended drop shadow for mattes in addition to the solid drop shadow available for frames. leave the left margin at 0 mm, and set all others to Many solid colors are too dark for use as a matte 2.0 background. You can lighten any color if you set the Drop Shadow include transparency and the matte is part of a page Color to a medium gray, layout to be printed on white paper, it will lighten the the Distance to 2.0, and turn on Gaussian Blend color considerably. Remember that mattes can be set the used for any group and Border that not all components Style to of a matte need to be used. Outset, Color to blue, and Size to 1.0 click on Redraw print the radial background only (colors reversed) layout if desired
drop shadow only
page 28 Making Map Layouts Raster Theme Mapping and Legends The raster theme mapping feature automatically STEPS generates interval categories from the cell values of click on the New raster objects. The Raster Theme Map Controls let icon and choose Page Layout you set the number of intervals you want, the distri- click on the Add bution type to use in determining the intervals, and Objects icon and the colors you want. choose the raster in the MTSTHELENS Project File The raster theme map legend is automatically se- click on the Group lected for you when you create a raster theme map. Settings icon and This legend will be used in the View window if you set the layout map scale have the Show Legend option turned on. In the to 260,000 interest of space, you may want to choose an image click on the Layer sample or thumb- Controls icon and click on the Edit button nail for the legend next to the Theme Map- even if it is theme ping option menu mapped. However, the legend type you change the color distri- get for a raster when bution to something adding a multi-ob- more neutral by clicking on each of the Color ject legend is deter- Spread tiles mined by the type click on OK and accept of legend selected the default name for the on the Legend theme tabbed panel of the click on OK in the Raster Raster Layer Con- Layer Controls and re- draw trols. You will not click on the Add get the results Legend icon then on shown in this exer- the Add from Layer cise unless you icon in the Legend leave the Legend Layer Controls Type in the Raster choose Group 1 and Layer Controls set click OK to Raster Theme in the Group Settings window, set the horizon- Map Ranges. If you tal attachment for the want to add a leg- legend group to the mar- end for the raster to gin (Right to Right) the page layout, set the horizontal attach- saving space in the ment for Group 1 to the Legend (Right to Left) sidebar legend is with a spacing of 0.1 not recommended. click on Redraw
page 29 Making Map Layouts Creating a Color Scale Legend STEPS Color scale legends are most appropriate for quan- click on New icon titative data with a continuous spread color map. and choose Page Layout Because the color map value often does not reflect click on the Settings the real world value it represents, you need to enter icon for the layout and change the Design the color map values you want labeled and the label Scale to 2X text you want. We are going to have five labels such click on the Add that the elevations end in either a five or zero. You Objects icon, and can click on the Auto button and have the process select DEM_16BIT in the generate the cell values and associated real world CB_ELEV Project File values over the range you enter. However these set the contrast to Nor- values are not likely to be multiples of five or ten. malize and check that ColorMap is the selected You need to enter units if you want them with the Color Palette auto-generated values. You can use the procedure choose Add/Legend/Add on the preceding page for a color scale legend but Color Scale Legend you get only two labels. These labels are the create a new legend unadjusted highest and lowest cell values. Some object (ELEVSCALE) in your controls for additional labels are provided on the CB_ELEV Project File Legend panel of the Raster Layer Controls. when prompted for a color palette, select the If you change the DEM_16BIT raster then its order of these COLORMAP subobject values to 1376– set the Contrast option 1045, you will get menu to Normalize the highest values set the Sample Size at the top of the Length to 50 and Width legend. to 5 mm at the Layout If you want a Map Scale with a Label different label size, Spacing of 2.5 and Mar- font, or color than gin of 0 mm your default for the turn on the Labels on legend, click here. Right toggle button then click on [Edit] to its right enter the text shown in the Legend Editor win- dow and click [OK] in the Group Settings window with the ElevScale group active, set the Horizontal at- tachment to Group 1 [Left to Right] with an click on [Apply] in the Offset of 0.1" and Verti- Group Settings win- cal attachment to Group dow 1 [Top to Top]
page 30 Making Map Layouts Relative Group Zoom We are going to modify the layout just created to add STEPS a group that enlarges a portion of the raster already select Group 1 and change its horizontal at- included. The Relative Zoom field in the Group tachment to the Margin Settings window should be used only to achieve this [Left to Left] with an Off- kind of effect or when mixing groups with and set of 0.5" without georeferencing. The At Scale field in the click on the Add lower right of the Group Settings window sets the Objects icon, and map scale for relative sizing and printing. The map select the BLOWUPOUTLINE object from the CB_ELEV scale for printing can also be set in Page Setup. Project File You alter the group zoom when the Placement tool click on the Add 2D Group to Layout is active if you use any resizing functions with the icon (Display Manager) Relative Zoom Lock button off. Any scale bars in click on the Add the layout then do not accurately portray the ground Objects icon and distance of objects in groups with a Relative Zoom select the DEM_16BIT and other than 1.0 unless the Relative Zoom of the scale TIN_16LITE objects in the bar group has been changed to match. CB_ELEV Project File open the layer controls Note that the TIN object in Group 2 is being dis- for DEM_16BIT, set the played directly as contours rather than as the more contrast to Normalize and check that the traditional triangles. ColorMap is selected You may want to make Group 2* the active open the layer con- group, on the Group Set- trols for this object to tings Projection/Clipping see the settings used. panel set Auto-Match to None, the Projection and Coordinates to Latitude / Longitude**, the clipping range to N 42 37 30 to N 42 39 00 and the Longi- tude range to W 103 16 30 to W 103 15 00 * The legend group set the Horizontal Attach- is automatically ment to Margin [Right to named the same Right] with an Offset of as the legend 0.2" and the Vertical at- object, so the third tachment to Group 1 group added is [Top to Center] with an named Group 2. Offset of -0.6 " ** Expand the Global enter 40000 in the Group and Regional group, Scale field then Geographic, and click on [Refresh] then on You may have to make some offset select Geographic the Save Display and scale changes depending on 2D: longitude, latitude icon and create a your paper size. (degrees) new layout object
page 31 Making Map Layouts Scale Bars for Different Map Scales STEPS When you have groups at different map scales on the click on the Add same page, it is nice to provide a scale bar for each Scale Bar icon and perhaps text that identifies the map scale. change the Length to 4 miles The area that is enlarged in this layout is identified check that the At Scale with a box outline positioned in the larger image. setting is 80000 (Bar Here it was added as a CAD object, but it can also be Width should still be 0.08" created in the Display process using the Sketch tool. and Text Size 7 Points) Lines connecting the upper left and lower right click on [Text Style] to check that the font is set corners of the box and its enlargement can also be as before added with the Sketch tool. Such cross-group con- in the Group Settings nections in layouts window, set the Hori- work best when the zontal Attachment To groups are attached to Group 1 [Center to Center] and Vertical the page or margin so Attachment to Group 1 their position does not [Top to Bottom] with a shift when group ex- Spacing of 0.15" tents are redefined by click on the Add the addition of the sketch layer. (A sketch layer is Scale Bar icon added to the active group and obtains its georefer- change the Length to 1.0 ence from that group.) change the At Scale field to 40000 Just as you don’t want to change a group’s Relative click on [Text Style] and Zoom unless you specifically intend to have groups change the At Scale se- at different scales on a page, you don’t want to lection to User-Defined change the values in the Height and Width fields in (40000) the Group Settings win- in the Group Settings window, set the Hori- dow. Changing these zontal Attachment To fields also changes the Group 2 [Center to Relative Zoom. Center] and Vertical Attachment to Group 2 [Top to Bottom] with a Spacing of 0.15" You could easily set the Relative Zoom to include text groups to 2.0 (DO NOT change the provide the map scale At Scale setting here) of the two images click on the Redraw (“Scale = 1:80000” for icon Group 1 and “Scale = 1:40000” for Group 2). click on the Save Display icon print the layout if desired
page 32 Making Map Layouts Advanced Text Features The TNT products give you complete control over STEPS the text styles that appear in your legends and layout. open the layout you You can adjust the boldness, italic angle, enhanced worked with on p.26–28 thickness, stroke width (outline text and underline), click on the Text icon for underline offset, shadow offset, and shadow angle. the SE Harlan, SW group The two angle settings are expressed in degrees and highlight the text and change the style to all other settings as a percentage of the ascender Enhanced, change height. Using a percentage of the height keeps the the Foreground Color weight of the text constant as you zoom in and out or to yellow and the Back- change point size (provides scalability). ground Color to blue, click [OK], and redraw With Word Wrap turned on, the text flows to the note the appearance and next line in the Text Layer width of the text, repeat Controls window. The step 2, highlight the text, text flow will be different click on the Text Style than the way the text flows icon then on [Advanced Settings], change the on the page unless the Enhanced Thickness to window width is the same 10%, click [OK], redraw, as the block width. When and note the text’s ap- text is drawn at the block pearance and width width specified in the layout, word wrap has to pick the best place to break a line regardless of the text repeat steps 2–4 and try alignment chosen. Using word wrap means you need other text style modifica- to use the
page 33 Making Map Layouts Using the Character Map Feature Vocabulary: Glyph is a You can insert special characters from any font you generic word that encom- have installed on your machine. You may know the passes both alphanumeric and symbolic characters. input entry codes to type directly from the keyboard for some of these characters, but the TNT products STEPS provide a graphical interface click on New for you to select and insert all and choose Display Layout special characters in the cur- rently selected font. The Char- click on the Add Text icon acter Map window also pro- right-click over the vides the input entry code for text entry area and these characters so that you choose Character Map can learn them and type them directly from the scroll through the avail- keyboard if used often. able glyphs and double-click on You can also use the Charac- any you would ter Map to assist with text like to insert entry when editing database fields. Your selected inter- face font is used for text in database fields. Change your interface font if you need characters that are not in the current interface font (Tools/System/Fonts).
Unicode input The Character Map window can remain open for value entry insertion of additional special characters in the same glyph in code selected name of text layer or database table. Simply continue enter- font glyph ing text and use the Character Map window to insert glyphs as needed. For direct keyboard entry of unusual glyphs, press F2 followed by the input entry code shown in the third column of the Character Map window and press F2 again.
All of the text above was directly entered or selected and inserted from the Character Map window with Arial as the selected font.
page 34 Making Map Layouts Other Legend Types Map grids and text are saved as a part of the layout object so when you do a Save As and create a new layout object, the original is not affected by changes to text and map grids in the new layout. Legends, except for multi-object legends, cannot be altered in one layout and maintained in their original form in another because changes are saved to the legend object rather than as part of the layout object. The legends not yet discussed in this booklet are color sample, color scale ranges (available only in View window legends and as part of a multi-object legend), and separate point and polygon legends. Color Sample The controls for all of these legend types are nearly Legend Display Controls the same as those already described. Color sample legends are intended for raster ob- jects that contain categorical data, such as Feature Mapping results. You get a legend entry for each active entry in the color map, which is identified by default by its cell value. The number of cells that have this value is also provided Feature Map with default in parentheses on the same line as the color sample Color Sample legend and cell value. You can of course edit these entries Point Legend to replace the cell value with the class name water school or to convert the number of cells to ground airport church area. Color scale range legends are a cross mountain peak marina between continuous color scale and color sample legends. You specify the number of tower penitentiary samples you want and discrete samples are campground train station provided to represent a range of values. De- hospital bus terminal sign elements for raster legends as part of a jail seaplane anchor multi-object legend are found on the Legend panel of the Raster Layer Controls. lookout tower Like line legends, point and polygon legends Polygon Legend use a style object to derive the samples and reservoir (intrm) federal land their labels. You can edit the default labels so golf course sea/ocean you can include spaces and punctuation if desired. Natl forest/park gravel pit (water) state/local park glacier
page 35 Making Map Layouts CAD Snapshots of Database Tables click on Open Dis- Tabular database information can be included in play*, and select layouts in the form of CAD snapshots. You can make QUAKEHAZ in CADSNAP.RVC these snapshots in the Database Editor, while dis- open the LIQSUSCEPTCLASS table in the polygon data- playing the associated object alone, or while build- base of of the QUAKEHAZ / ing the layout. This snapshot can include all of a LIQMAP layer in Group 1 table’s fields or selected fields can be hidden and not right click on Description included. A CAD snapshot is not georeferenced, so field heading and it needs to be placed in a separate choose Hide Column group with an adjusted choose Table / Save relative scale. Groups As, set the options as shown at the right, and with appropriate rela- click [OK] tive scale have already create a new object been created for you in named LIQUEF, change this exercise. the font for all three styles to Courier or The headings that ap- another monospaced pear over the CAD snapshots once added to your font, and check bold for the heading style only layout are not visible in the initial layout because they are attached to empty groups, namely the groups click on the Polygon icon and set the solid that you add the snapshots to. fill color for BkgndEven *This exercise cannot be completed in TNTmips Free and BkgndOdd to white or Basic. click on the Line icon, set the HORZ_RULE color to white, then click [OK]
open the LANDSLIDESUSCEP table in the polygon data- base of the QUAKEHAZ / LANSLMAP layer in Group 1 right click on the Slope and Landslides field headings and choose Hide Column choose Table / Save As and repeat steps 4–7 except name the CAD object LANDSLIDE click on the Add Objects icon for Group 2 and choose LIQUEF click on the Add Objects icon for Group 3 and choose LANDSLIDE created in step 10, then redraw
page 36 Making Map Layouts Other Legends from Database Tables Virtual (computed and string expression) fields are STEPS a powerful tool for many different applications. In click on the New this exercise, you are given a vector object that has icon and chooose Display Layout a database table with an implied one-to-one attach- ment type and a single, computed field. Without any click on Add Objects, and select the vector data entry, except the expression for the virtual field, object in the Schools you get a unique record associated with each element Project File that supplies the information specified in the expres- expand the School sion. You should look at the expression for this Points layer in the Dis- virtual field. play Manager expand the points and The expression combines the values from three fields open the FOR_LEGEND table in other tables with the formatting codes needed to choose Table / Save As, get right aligned numbers that correspond to the change the Format to numbers on the symbols and left aligned school Tab Delimited, click OK and name the file names. You do not normally include formatting SchoolPoints codes in a virtual field because they do not affect the click on the Add database display. However, the intent was for this Text icon, set the table to provide a legend so the formatting may as Text Alignment to Left, well be generated by the expression rather than Ascender Height to 8 points, Vertical Space to inserted one line at a time later. Note that the numbers 9.6 points, Foreground are not part of the sym- Color to black, and turn bols—they are on-the- on the Normal toggle fly labels generated by click on the Open attribute. icon, choose Open Text File, and select SchoolPoints.txt type Public Schools and
This exercise cannot be completed in TNTmips Free or Basic.
page 37 Making Map Layouts Hinting and Antialiasing Geometric Lines STEPS Aliasing is the stairstep effect in lines drawn digi- click on the New tally using a fixed, uniform color and intensity. icon and select 2D Antialiasing removes or reduces the jagged effect. Display TNTmips accomplishes antialiasing using transpar- select TIN_16LITE from the ency to provide a smoother appearance for lines. CB_ELEV Project File Antialiasing is applied to any line that has a width click on the Layer Controls icon, then of less than 1.5 pixels at the scale being drawn. The on the Contours tab illustrations below were captured either from the click on the Style button View window or from a magnifier utility. for Interval 1 Hinting uses transparency to represent lines that set the Width to 1.3 Screen Pixels would be less than one pixel at the current scale. zoom up on the lower Unlike antialiasing, which uses transparency to right to a map scale of smooth the line where it would appear jagged, hint- 1:10000 ing applies to the line as a whole. The degree of open the TIN Layer Con- transparency is proportional to how much less than trols and, on the Object one pixel the line width would be at the scale drawn. tabbed panel, experiment with the Antialias and Hinting and antialiasing can be turned on and off Hint thin line widths op- independently for each View or for all newly opened tions turned on and off, Views. redrawing each time you close the TIN Layer Hinting and antialiasing can be applied to all geo- Controls metric object types. In this exercise they are applied note the differences to a TIN object being drawn as elevation contours. choose Display/Close
aliased aliased antialiased antialiased View capture magnified View capture magnified
hinting/antialiasing on hinting off, antialiasing on hinting/antialiasing off
page 38 Making Map Layouts Using Map Layouts in Presentations When preparing a layout for printing and for use in STEPS a presentation by projector (either directly in TNT- click on the Open mips or from a presentation software package, such icon, and select the St. Marys layout (p. 25) as PowerPoint), new considerations come into play. click on the Layout White is generally not used as a presentation back- Placement icon on ground color, but it is the background color for Page the View window toolbar Layout. You do not want a black background either, then on the name of the or the text will “disappear.” The methods used in this legend group to select it exercise presume that screen capture provides high change the Horizontal enough resolution for your presentation purposes. If Attachment to the km group Center to Center not, there are a number of other strategies* to make and the Vertical Attach- presentation materials but the TNTmips Free size ment to the km group limits are applied to your exports. Top to Bottom with a spacing of about 0.2" The small text groups are deleted from the layout to delete the text groups in illustrate you need not keep all groups of the original the lower left (Nontidal map for the screen capture. There is relatively little Wet...) and lower right work to change this layout from hardcopy to display (This image w...) of the layout with appropriate attachments because, starting on change the heading text page 12, specific attachments are made to Group 1 group to attach vertically rather than the default Page attachment. You choose to Group 1, Bottom to the Select tool in the next to last step so the placement Top with 0.2" spacing rectangles are not visible for screen capture. choose Settings from the Display menu in the Display Manager win- dow, set the Layout change the Mode to Display and mode here click [OK] click on the Legend icon for the legend group, click on [Colors] near the bottom, and turn on the Transparent toggle to the right of the background color, then click [OK] in the Color Editor and Legend Layer Controls * If you need details on screen click on Full and on capture and other the Select tool strategies see the capture the screen* Sharing Geodata with Other Popular Products booklet.
page 39 Making Map Layouts Printing to Files and Network Printers STEPS TNTmips provides many different methods to print if you have access to layouts. You can print immediately creating only a Windows printers, click on the Open icon, temporary raster, you can print to a raster object (4- and select any bit dithered or 24-bit without dithering), or you can hardcopy layout de- print to a print-file (no printfiles or 24-bit undithered signed for A (8.5" x 11") in TNTmips Free). You need not have the layout or A4 sized paper open in a display process to print; printing from choose Display/Print in the Display Manager layouts, print rasters, and printfiles is available using the Main / Print From menu options, which use the click on the Use Win- dows Printer button saved objects or files without opening a View win- dow. Print-rasters and print-files are more conve- nient than layouts when printing from a machine other than the one on which the layout was created because once you have a print-raster or print-file, the input objects are no longer necessary. (Almost click on the Dithering invariably, some component of the layout is over- tab, and check that “Let looked or placed in a file with a different name when TNT do the dithering” is the layout is copied.) selected Print-raster objects can be viewed like any other raster object in TNTmips (but not in TNTmips Free, the print raster for an 8.5 x 11" page at 300 dots per inch is 2550 x 3300 cells). A print-file is not viewable; it contains the information required by the printer to print the page. A print-file is actually click [Print], and collect a pair of files, both with the name you assigned but your print once the Print process is finished one has a .p1 extension (large file) and the other has choose Layout / Print, a .prf extension (small file). When printing from click on the Dithering tab TNTmips Pro, but not from TNTmips Free, you can and choose “Let the Win- print over multiple pages, which gives you .p1, .p2, dows printer driver do the and so on, where the number corresponds to the page dithering and color matching” number. There is still just one .prf file. Printfiles can click on [Run], collect be printed on machines without TNTmips installed your print when done, by copying them to the printer port (see p. 8 of the and compare Printing booklet for explicit instructions). Note: the temporary raster You can also print to any network printer available for printing with the Windows driver requires six when you print from TNTmips. If running Windows times the drive space or on a Mac, you have the option of letting Windows/ needed by TNT (24-bit Mac OS X or TNTmips do the dithering. You should versus 4-bit). try both to see if you have a preference.
page 40 Making Map Layouts 3D and Transparency in Layouts You can make use of both 2D and 3D groups when STEPS designing layouts for display or hardcopy. An click on Open, and elastic box is provided with the 3D Viewpoint Selec- select TRANSPARENT 3D from the CB_ELEV Project tion window that opens when the Viewpoint Con- File trols are opened so you can select the area of the 3D click on the Layer view to include in the layout. You also have all the Controls icon for the 3D Viewpoint controls that you use when working COMPOSITE layer in Group with a separate 3D group. 1 click on [Mask], select Transparency can be used with any layer type. Once DEM_16BIT from the transparency is set for viewing, there are no addi- CB_ELEV Project File, turn tional settings to get the transparency effects to on the Mask toggle, click OK, then redraw print. Transparency is set for vector, CAD, and TIN repeat step 3, turn off layers as part of the polygon drawing style. Trans- the Mask toggle, click on parency can be set for rasters in a variety of ways. the Options tab, enter 70 You can assign a percentage transparency to indi- in the Transparency vidual color map values; you can assign a percent- field, click [OK], and re- age transparency to the raster as a whole (Options draw panel of the Raster Layer Controls); or you can note the difference in transparency between select an 8-bit mask that provides transparency steps 3 and 4 values for the raster displayed (0 is fully transparent, print after step 3 or 4 to 255 is opaque). confirm that transpar- ency is used in printing
without transparency
without 3D
page 41 Making Map Layouts More on 3D Groups in Layouts STEPS 3D groups in layouts have an associated 3D View- with the layout still open point Selection window in addition to the View- from the previous exer- point Controls. This window lets you choose which cise, set the transpar- ency for the layer in part of the 3D rendering you want to include in the Group 1 back to 0% layout and also has an Apply Changes button to right-click on Group 2 indicate you are ready to update the changes made and choose Remove in viewpoint and/or area selected to the 3D group in Group from the menu the layout. choose Add/Saved Group in the Display You can add a new 3D group to a layout and set up Manager, and select the viewpoint and selected area, or you can add a _3DGROUP from the previously saved 3D group to a layout. You can also CB_ELEV Project File, and click [OK] save a 3D group that you have set up in a layout and click on Yes when the selected area, as well as the viewpoint, will be prompted to insert group retained, as it is for the 3D group you add in this as 3D exercise. You can resize and reposition the existing box or draw a new box in the 3D Viewpoint Selection window. The box functions like any other elastic right-click on the 3D Group icon and choose box in the Viewpoint Controls TNT prod- ucts.
note the features of the 3D Viewpoint Controls window left-click on the 3D Group icon to open the Group Settings window click on the Layout tab and attach the 3D group to the bottom right of Group 1 (Horizontal At- The combination of tachment: Right to Right, 3D and transparency Vertical Attachment: Bot- in the group added, tom to Bottom) give the butte a more click on Redraw rugged appearance while blending well with the 2D image.
page 42 Making Map Layouts Map Grids in 3D Groups STEPS You can have map grids in 3D as well as 2D groups. with the layout still open There are additional controls for 3D map grids. These from the previous exer- include which vertical axes to show, where to posi- cise, right-click on tion the neatline, and whether to include vertical tick Group 1 and choose marks. Map grids, like scale bars and text, are stored Remove Group from the menu, then click [Yes] as part of the layout not as a separate object. left-click on the All of the settings that are unique for 3D groups Layer Controls appear an the 3D tabbed panel of the Map Grid Layer icon for the surface layer and change the Error Controls, which is present only if you are adding a Tolerance to 0.5 map grid to a 3D group. Your options for vertical axes are None, Farthest, Farthest Two, Farthest Three, and right-click on the remain- All. The values displayed on the vertical axes reflect ing group name and the cell values and are not scaled. Here the cell values choose Viewpoint Con- are 1 to 255. The labels at 100 meter intervals would trols be 1 to 301. You can change either end of the Z Range expand the selection box on the Extents panel of the Map Grid Layer Controls to include the entire 3D group if the Lock to group extents toggle is not on. There click on the Add are settings that pertain to Z values on all panels of Map Grid icon this window except the Graphics panel. set the same map grid The default 3D neatline outlines the edge of the settings as on p. 6 surface. To get a good fit between the drape layer and experiment with the dif- ferent options on the 3D the neatline you need to decrease the error tolerance tabbed panel of the surface layer, which means the group will take longer to render. You can vary this setting to see its effects.
on the Labels panel, check that the Show in 3D options are checked This rendering of a 3D group with map grid shows all four vertical axes and the Show Neatline Below toggle on.
For more information on 3D View Controls see the 3D Perspective Additional 3D options are set on the 3D tab of the Visualization booklet. Raster Layer Controls for the drape layer.
page 43 Making Map Layouts Attach Groups by Georeference STEPS Geographic attachment of groups uses georeference open the layout information to provide exact geographic overlay of saved on p.8 the layers in separate groups. Using georeference click on the Settings information as a means of establishing group posi- icon for Group 2 tion lets you organize the components of your lay- click on the Layout tab, out. You can organize layouts with many layers into then on [To] for Horizon- tal Attachment, and se- logical groups, such as parcel maps, wetlands, his- lect Group 1 toric sites, and watersheds. set the option menu to Geographic, redraw, and This type of organization makes it easy to locate note the difference particular layers if you have tens or hundreds in a Note: once a group is layout. It also makes it easier for users that are not attached geographically to very familiar with your geodata, such as clients another group either viewing your data in TNTatlas, to selectively turn horizontally or vertically, it is layers on/off for viewing a whole group at a time or automatically geographically attached to the same group to locate individual layers within these groups. in the other dimension. Separate groups and layers can be turned on/off Right-click on individually for viewing and/or printing. A right- the Show/Hide checkbox to click on the Show/Hide box reveals a menu with as many show/hide options as appropriate for your additional open this menu. views are current display. Thus, you can use the same layout listed if open to print maps that present different themes deter- only shows mined by your current needs. if View-in- View tool is This layout active was developed turns on/off by the Maryland in Locator only appears Depart- for hardcopy ment of layouts Natural Resources The visibility choices are (MDNR) the same for layers as for as part of the groups. The check mark MERLIN will be dimmed if any View (Maryland’s or the Hardcopy option is Environ- mental turned off. Resources & Land Information The layout used for this Network) exercise is not a likely program. candidate for geographic attachment, but demonstrates the mechanics. The example illustrated has 24 groups, one of which has more than 100 layers. All of the groups in this layout are geographi- cally attached to the bottom group.
page 44 Making Map Layouts Map Scale-Controlled Visibility Map scale-controlled visibility lets you set which The need for map scale- groups, layers, and/or geometric elements are visible controlled visibility is difficult to demonstrate in TNTmips at any map scale. When geometric features are dense Free-sized data sets. The at full view, there is no point in displaying them until layers in the layout used you reach a map scale at which they are well resolved. here were extracted from Your raster imagery may not be of sufficient resolu- data sets with global extents. The vector- tion for display at the larger map scales where geo- containing groups are metric display is appropriate (i.e., one raster cell may geographically attached to occupy many screen pixels). Remember that map the image group. scale is expressed as a ratio such that a map scale of STEPS 1:200 is a larger map scale than 1:100,000. The first open the layout in the time a geometric object is displayed, TNT’s display MapScale Project File process will warn you and suggest an initial map zoom in and out and scale if the elements are too dense for reasonable watch layers come and display at full view. go right-click on the layout The map scale ranges set for viewing are also used for name and choose Set printing. The group/layer/element must be visible at Scale Ranges the layout scale set for printing for it to be printed. notice which layers have Thus, you could print maps with different layers map scale-controlled shown from the same layout by changing only the visibility layout scale and perhaps repositioning the layout on the page. Keep this layout open for For more information on map scale-controlled vis- the next exercise. ibility, see the Working with Massive Geo- data Objects tutorial booklet and the Layers in View Controlled by Scale and Elements in View Controlled by Scale Quick Guides.
map scale 1:10,000,000 map scale 1:200,000
page 45 Making Map Layouts Rendering Displays to Various Formats This exercise assumes you In addition to hardcopy output, you can render a have Google Earth installed. group or layout to a raster object in a variety of If not, download and install it. You also must be formats, a KML (or KMZ) file, an SVG file, or a PDF connected to the Internet to file. The raster formats supported are RVC, JP2, see the results. GeoJP2, GeoTIFF, TIFF, JPEG, and PNG. All of these output types are georeferenced either internally or STEPS with an accompanying world file. with the layout open from the previous exercise Render to Raster creates a single 16- or 24-bit com- open, choose Display/ posite color raster from all of the layers in your group Render to/KML or layout. You can set the raster size by number of on the Options tabbed panel, set the Extents to rows and columns or by entering the cell size. Entire Display and turn You get layer controls with KML, SVG, and PDF files on the Show result in Google Earth and Com- either automatically or optionally. The additional press to KMZ toggles controls provided depend on the output format on the Raster Controls selected. When rendering to KML, you have the tab, set the cell size to option to open the result in Google Earth. With PDF 500 meters files you can choose to open the result in your default click on the Geometric Acrobat product. Controls tab and set the Coordinate Accuracy to 100 meters
page 46 Making Map Layouts In Summary and Detail Think carefully before deleting groups in a layout. Have you established any attachments? Are you going to want some other layer in that position? If so, delete the unwanted layer(s), not the group. If a layout is destined for reuse, pay attention to the relative scale settings. If you plan to print the same layout on a variety of paper sizes, set the scale for text and legends relative to a specified map scale for best results. If you want to use the same layout but replace the main image with another at a different map scale, set the scale relative to the design scale. Attach groups to the page if you want them to be centered. Attach groups to the margins if you want them to remain in a fixed position on or near one of the margins. Attach groups to other groups if you want them to move together. Sketch layers are added to the active group and derive their georeference from that group. A sketch that extends beyond the other layers in a group changes the group extents. All of the sketched lines in the partial layout shown at right are in the same group as the large database table. The table didn’t move when the sketch was drawn because it is attached to the left and bottom margins. Non-printer Destinations In addition to directly printing your hardcopy lay- The partial layout above outs, there are a number of other choices for printers. consists of a variety of One is to print to a TNTmips or Windows printfile, screen captures tied together with a sketch layer which can be printed from a computer not running and annotation text. TNTmips (see the Printing tutorial booklet for more information). You can also convert your layouts to a number of familiar file formats, such as TIFF, EPS (for Adobe Illustrator), PDF, and SVG. You get more controls using the render-to options discussed in the previous exercise for the supported formats (all but EPS), which is the recommended approach. You cannot print to these file types from TNTmips Free.
page 47 Advanced Software for Geospatial Analysis
MicroImages, Inc. publishes a complete line of professional software for advanced geospatial data visualization, analysis, and publishing. Contact us or visit our web L A site for detailed product information. Y TNTmips Pro TNTmips Pro is a professional system for fully integrated GIS, image O analysis, CAD, TIN, desktop cartography, and geospatial database management. U TNTmips Basic TNTmips Free is a low-cost version of TNTmips for small projects. T S TNTmips Free TNTmips Free is a free version of TNTmips for students and professionals with small projects. You can download TNTmips Free from MicroImages’ web site. TNTedit TNTedit provides interactive tools to create, georeference, and edit vector, image, CAD, TIN, and relational database project materials in a wide variety of formats. TNTview TNTview has the same powerful display features as TNTmips and is perfect for those who do not need the technical processing and preparation features of TNTmips. TNTatlas TNTatlas lets you publish and distribute your spatial project materials on CD or DVD at low cost. TNTatlas CDs/DVDs can be used on any popular computing platform. TNTserver TNTserver lets you publish TNTatlases on the Internet or on your intranet. Navigate through geodata atlases with your web browser and the TNTclient Java applet. Index 3D groups in layouts ...... 41–43 map scale-controlled visibility ...... 45 absolute size ...... 9, 10 map series ...... 21–24 add mixed layer types ...... 10, 31 multi-object legends ...... 26–27 add multiple groups ...... 4 Placement tool ...... 13–18, 20 CAD snapshots of database tables ...... 36 point legends ...... 26–27, 35 color scale legends ...... 30 polygon legends ...... 26–27, 35 design scale ...... 9 printing to files ...... 40, 47 display scale ...... 9 printing ...... 7, 40 dither patterns ...... 7 raster rotation ...... 5 geographic attachment ...... 44–45 relative size ...... 9 group relative zoom lock ...... 31 clipping ...... 18–19 saving layouts ...... 15, 18 mattes ...... 28 scale bars ...... 14, 15, 32 placement ...... 4, 13–18, 44 screen capture ...... 39 projection ...... 5 special characters ...... 34 heading text ...... 12 templates ...... 23–24 horizontal attachment ...... 15, 16 text groups ...... 12, 17, 18, 33–34 layouts for presentations ...... 39 TIN contours ...... 31 legends ...... 17, 25–30, 35 transparency ...... 41–42 line legends ...... 17, 25 turn layers/groups off for printing ...... 44 logos in layouts ...... 16 ungeoreferenced groups ...... 16 map grids ...... 6, 8, 11 vertical attachment ...... 4, 15, 16
email: [email protected] Internet: www.microimages.com