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Influencing the UK Parliament Influencing the UK Parliament www.the-ies.org IES u REPORT Influencing the UK Parliament IES u REPORT Influencing the UK Parliament Influencing the UK Parliament The IES is committed to promoting the crucial role of Questions to Ministers - Parliamentary Questions (PQs) are Select Committees - Select Committees are cross-party All-Party Parliamentary Groups (APPGs) - These are cross- environmental science in society and an evidence-based approach used by MPs to seek information or to press for action. They groups responsible for the scrutiny of a wide variety of areas party interest groups, incorporating members of both Houses. to decision and policy making. One of the most effective ways oblige Government Ministers to explain and defend the work, from specialist topics to Government departments. Several However, unlike Select Committees they are informal, having no this can be achieved is through influencing Parliament. It can policy, decisions and actions of their Departments. committees in both the House of Commons and House of Lords official status within Parliament. There are many APPGs that are however be time-consuming and difficult to navigate the have relevance to environmental matters (Appendix 1). concerned with the environment (Appendix 1), and are mostly parliament website. The IES has therefore put together this There are different types of PQs; oral, written and urgent. Oral run by backbenchers. Despite being informal, they are able to information pack to inform members of the various routes to questions are where an MP meets a Minister face to face during Most Commons Select Committees are responsible for the raise awareness for a particular issue and coordinate with other influencing the UK Parliament over issues, policies or legislation. parliamentary question time. Although lacking sufficient time for depth scrutiny of Government departments. Their role is to examine individuals and organisations outside of Parliament. APPGs are or debate, they do promote the issue to the House of Commons, the expenditure, administration, and policy of the relevant often a good place to start influencing parliament, being less There are a variety of ways in which an individual or organisation media and wider public. Written questions are used by MPs to attempt Government department and its associated public bodies. Lords formal and more broadly targeted than Select Committees. can influence the UK Parliament. The first point of call is to to extract more detailed information from the Government than Select Committees are concerned with specialist subjects such identify and contact your constituency MP. Although some would be available from an oral question or to press for action. Large as education, science, or economic affairs. MPs may have UK-wide responsibilities, their primary job is to numbers of written questions are submitted daily by MPs on behalf This is a guide for Members on ways to seek influence on represent their constituents. of their constituents or organisations. An individual may take part in a Select Committee inquiry Parliamentary debate and Government policy. If you want any by submitting evidence or information. These inquiries are more information about influencing policy, or have insights Find and contact your MP Adjournment/Westminster Hall debates - Adjournment debates often highly influential and can be a very powerful way of which you think would be valuable to share with peers, please You can find your MP online simply by providing your postcode, allow the Commons to have a general debate on a subject or policy influencing Parliament. do get in touch. on the Parliament website. You can also use this website to without requiring the house to vote. There are several different There are also Public Bill Committees responsible for scrutinising An organisational map of the decision-making process in UK see their career history, where their interests lie, and which types of adjournment debates; some are general debates about a the content of Public Bills. They have a formal role in discussing Government is provided in Figure 1. A list of the relevant cross- committees, groups or departments they work within or for subject or Government policy, while others allow backbenchers to individual pieces of legislation and debating possible amendments. party groups and individuals, and a list of the full links used in which they are responsible. raise constituency issues which bear some relevance to Government policy and to obtain a response from a Minister. These Committees may also receive evidence. this document appears in the appendix. By contacting your MP and notifying them about the issue you are concerned about, you immediately access Parliament. Early Day Motions - Early Day Motions (EDMs) are formal motions You may meet with your MP and discuss the matter and any submitted for debate in the Commons. However, only a few are ever further steps. You may ask them to send a letter to the relevant debated. Rather, they are primarily used to publicise the views of department or official responsible. They may provide you with individual MPs and to raise awareness of a specific event, campaign, information on how to contact any relevant All-Party Groups or or policy. They gauge parliamentary support for the motion’s cause, Select Committees where you can voice your concerns further. though they do not carry any direct legislative weight. 10-minute Rule Bill/Private Members’ Bills - 10-minute Rule Bills are Find and contact a relevant Lord where a backbench MP is given ten minutes in the House of Commons Unlike MPs who can only represent individuals within their to propose new Bills. However, they are mostly used by MPs to voice constituency, you can request any Lord (Peer) to ask a question their opinions on a subject or aspect of existing legislation and to or raise a debate on your behalf. It is important to identify and stimulate publicity for a cause. Private Members’ Bills, such as those contact a Lord who has a particular interest in your issue. You brought before Parliament under the 10-minute Rule, are introduced can request information on different Lords’ interests or advice by MPs and Lords who are not Government Ministers. They rarely on who to contact through the House of Lords Information become law or influence Government legislation, although there have Office (HLIO). Alternatively, you may research individual Lords been some notable exceptions (e.g. Climate Change and Sustainable in the House of Lords Hansard, which is the record of everything Energy Act 2006). spoken in the House to identify where their interests lie. Not all Lords have publicly-available contact information. You can support or oppose a Private Member’s Bill through your MP or a Lord, by writing to the Government department Next steps responsible for the Bill, or by lobbying through All-Party Once you have established dialogue with your MP, another Parliamentary Groups (APPGs). relevant MP or Lord, there are several ways they may help you Figure 1: Interactions and scrutiny in UK Government including the most commonly relevant Government departments. influence Parliament. 2 Influencing the European Union 3 IES u REPORT Influencing the UK Parliament IES u REPORT Influencing the UK Parliament Appendix Appendix 1: List of most commonly relevant Cabinet Shadow Secretary of State for Education - Kate Green Next steps bodies for decision-making The Cabinet is the team of the most senior ministers in the Shadow Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Parliamentary Questions Government who are chosen by the Prime Minister to lead on Affairs - Luke Pollard questions-statements.parliament.uk specific policy areas. Their appointment is periodical, subject to Parliament Select Committees Shadow Foreign Secretary – Lisa Nandy political processes, and an updated list of Cabinet members can be This is a list of the most commonly relevant parliamentary found at https://members.parliament.uk/Government/Cabinet. Shadow Secretary of State for International Development st Adjournment Debates committees as of 1 January 2021. For a full list of Select Committees st - Preet Kaur Gill and their work, see: https://committees.parliament.uk. As of 1 January 2021, some of the most commonly relevant www.parliament.uk/about/how/business/adjournment Cabinet Ministers are: Shadow Secretary of State for Housing – Thangam Debbonaire Prime Minister - Boris Johnson Commons Shadow Secretary of State for International Trade – Emily Early Day Motions Chancellor of the Exchequer – Rishi Sunak Thornberry Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Committee www.parliament.uk/edm Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Shadow Secretary of State for Transport - Jim McMahon Committee on the Future Relationship with the European Union - Alok Sharma Education Committee Secretary of State for Education - Gavin Williamson Select Committees Appendix 2: List of sources Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs - www.parliament.uk/about/how/committees/select Environmental Audit Committee George Eustice Find and contact your MP Housing, Communities and Local Government Committee Foreign Secretary and First Secretary of State – Dominic Raab All-Party Parliamentary Groups Parliament website International Development Committee Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local www.parliament.uk/mps-lords-and-offices/standards- members.parliament.uk/FindYourMP Government - Robert
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