Survey and Development of Sport for All in Hungarian University sport

dr. Mózes Székely, senior research fellow (Eötvös Loránd University of Sciences) general secretary (Hungarian University Sports Federation)

„Sport for All – the Ultimate Legacy” 24th TAFISA World Congress 2015 17 October 2015, Personal background

Mózes SZÉKELY - 2014- senior chief of research – Health Promoting Universities program (National Institute for Health Development) - 2012- secretary general – Hungarian University Sport Association and member of the Hungarian Olympic Committee - 2013, 2015 head of delegations – Summer and Winter - 2012-2015 president – Hungarian Higher Education Funding Council - 2001- senior research fellow – Eötvös Loránd University of Sciences - MSc in Theoretical Physics, PhD in Social Psychology - 3 children, meanwhile triathlonist (8-times Ironman) „There’s no quality higher education without quality university sports”

University sports • Gives publicity for higher education institutions • Completion of professional work • Educates intellectuals as a tomorrow leaders • Adds further values for age group 18-24 • Builds communities • Generals health promotion • Sets an example for the society Traditions and experiences in Hungary Foundations of national and international organizations 1907 foundation of the Hungarian University Sports Federation – the first one in Europe, second in the World 1949 foundation of FISU – 7 Western-European countries 1959 integration of FISU – Hungary among founders 1999 foundation of EUSA – 25 countries (incl.: Hungary) , predecessors and FISU Forum (4) 1935 6th World University Games 1949, 1954 World Student Games 1965 4th Summer Universiade 2019 (bid) 30th Summer Universiade – in Budapest World University Championships in Hungary (12) Orienteering – 1986, 1996, 2016; Table Tennis – 1990, 2004; Handball – 1996 (men), 2010; Triathlon – 2000; Futsal – 2002; Squash – 2006; Rowing – 2010; Wrestling – 2014 European Universities Championships in Hungary (3) Karate – 2013; Rugby 7’s – 2015; Basketball – 2017 PAST AND PRESENT RESULTS

President Gallien (FISU): “Hungary has been one of the major pioneers in the construction of the International University Sports Movement, from 1923 to 1939.” Universiade medals (1959-2015) 119 gold, 94 silver, 111 bronze Summer Universiade 2015, : 10.711 participants, 137 countries; 21 sports, 290 champions, 1500 pressman, 20.000 voluntaries, 30 new and rebuild venues Results: most universities-colleges (29+9), 43 scorer athletes, 2 gold, 3 bronze medals Appreciation: Médaille Jean Petitjean, the highest prix of FISU, contribution to the development of University Sport Physical activity – a public policy issue

’Sport for All’ is not a luxury. Though it is important for its own sake, but - due to its wide range external benefits - it is also a social task and a public policy issue: - October 2014 UN decision: sport is an important tool for promoting education, health, development and peace. - WHO considers a scientific fact that sport plays a key role in chronic disease prevention. - UNESCO: the deployment of personal abilities is a basic human right – and the right to sport is the requisite of it. It’s exceedingly true for university sport: FISU foresees tomorrow’s leaders in today’s stars, Olympic Charter provides the right to sport for everyone. Purposes of the investigations

The main goal of the research: - Identifying target groups of planned interventions to increase the number of students doing sports.

The main questions of the research: - How many students and which strata of this population don’t do enough sport activity? - Which type of sports are the most interesting and is there any difference among the groups? - What are the most useful motivating factors, and which attitudes are against to do more sports? Surveys of students’ sport habits

Three researches on the characteristics of students’ sporting habits, opinions and attitudes towards university sport - Online university study with 16.767 participants (National Student Union of Hungary – Eötvös Loránd University, ELTE 2011) - Representative study with 1.500 young adults (more than 200 students, Educational Authority – ELTE, 2013) - Weighting: institution, gender, rank of education, level of education, sporting frequency (Hungarian University Sports Federation – National Institute of Health Development, 2015) University sport survey

„Since you’ve been a university student, how often do you do sport (apart from compulsory gym courses)?”

Students Sport activity

Less than monthly (practically) 28,8 % Monthly No sport

Weekly 48,2 % Not enough sport

2-3 times a week Enough sport 23,0 % At least 4 times a week (recreational minimum) Most popular sports Other Other sports Technical sports Boxing, wrestling Archery, shooting Chess, Other racket gamesball Roller sports Karate, kung Fishing Dancing Table tennis Skiing,ice Squash, tennis, games "Pub" Powersports Basketball, volleyball, handball Football Cycling Swimming,other water sports gymnastics Aerobics, Jogging, hiking, athletics Gender differences in sport activity bridge , horse , riding - skating, snowboard Sports Sports (%) fu , , judo, kick badminton - box Total 10,1 12,8 13,9 17,4 18,5 20,4 21,0 21,4 34,8 36,2 0,5 1,1 1,7 1,7 2,2 2,3 3,4 4,6 5,9 7,5 7,6 Male 13,0 15,2 21,2 17,0 27,3 21,7 20,7 25,8 34,9 0,6 1,7 1,9 1,6 2,5 2,6 3,2 6,0 4,8 5,2 8,8 9,8 Female 10,3 12,6 12,8 14,4 19,6 15,0 20,5 22,0 41,9 37,3 0,5 0,7 1,6 1,8 2,0 2,1 3,6 3,6 6,7 9,4 6,7 Sign. p=0,179 p<0,001 p=0,107 p=0,200 p=0,022 p=0,012 p=0,158 p<0,001 p<0,001 p<0,001 p<0,001 p=0,272 p=0,464 p<0,001 p=0,001 p<0,001 p=0,001 p=0,047 p=0,042 p<0,001 p=0,001 Motivating factors in doing sports

(%) Total Male Female Staying healthy 81,7 79,3 83,6 Feeling good 70,0 71,6 68,8 Improving fitness 66,2 61,4 69,9 Improving physical abilities 65,4 79,9 54,0 Looking better 57,6 50,6 63,2 Controlling bodyweight 44,1 34,4 51,7 Feeling relaxed 30,0 26,7 32,5 Spending time with my friends 29,7 37,8 23,3

because … Enhancing self-esteem 22,5 20,7 23,9 Developing new skills 20,1 24,1 16,9 Competing 18,4 24,1 14,0 Making new acquaintances 14,9 17,4 13,0 Balancing the effects of aging 6,9 6,1 7,5

I do sport do I I / like would sport, to do Fitting better in the society 4,5 6,1 3,2 p<0,001 Hungarian male students do sport more

Male Female Sign. How much time do you spend on sport? 112,13 68,29 p<0,001 (minutes/week) How much time do you spend on sport in ideal 199,50 142,10 p<0,001 circumstances? Factors against doing sports

(%) Total Male Female Lack of time 64,3 63,2 65,2 Lack of proper opportunity 30,7 30,3 30,9 Too expensive 29,9 24,3 34,3 Lack of companion 20,5 20,1 20,9 Satisfied with the current amount of doing sports 14,2 18,1 11,1 Health condition doesn’t allow doing sports 3,6 2,7 4,2

I don’t I do more Don’t like sports 3,3 2,3 4,0 sport, sport, because … It’s not important, I don’t feel it necessary 1,5 1,8 1,3 Contentment of students with university sports

(Likert-scale: agree – do not agree) Average - I agree that the university must provide sports services. 4,47 - There have to be sport courses for credit among the non-compulsory 4,12 courses. - Doing sports in the university as a student is important to me. 3,86 - I agree that a „sporty” university is more attractive to the students and 3,67 applicants. - I agree that some semesters of compulsory sport can persuade those who wouldn’t start moving on their own towards regular and independent 3,53 action. Alfréd Hajós Plan – Program for Sport Be athlete and student – Study and move!

Top athletes Sport for All - Studies beside doing sports - Sport beside studies: Physical - Participates at national and Education international events - Motivation for physical activities - Appears in the university marketing (Sport Point Program) - Member of the university sports club - Sports coordination (Sport Offices) - International sport events in Hungary - Health Promoting Universities University sports infrastructure - Basic infrastructure at universities - Communal, sports specific, municipal, institutional infrastructure Sport Point Program (SPP)

Motivation system: point collection and competition, gifts, awards Sport Point database: registered students, event calendar • Local sport events and championships, institutional sport days • Public sport events in university cities Communication in order to reach the students, make them move, get them involved • content: healthy lifestyle, sporting possibilities • target group: students doing sports on irregular basis • channels: FB-profile, website, advertising at universities • campaign: trendy challenges by young Olympic champions Sport for all support at higher education institutions • Number of registered students until 31 July, 2014 • Sport Points collected by the students of a certain institution Top events: disciplinary national sport days, University Summer Festival, National University Chmpionships, University Basketball League, Budapest Championships, SPP skiing camp, sport organizers training etc. Student Sport Point system

Registered Given Involved FB - Sport Point- FB – University- students points programs program sport

Baseline Dec. 11 980 4 847 400 programs 11 200 likes 3500 likes 2014 Target number until 31 Dec. 15 000 15 000 500 programs 15 000 likes 4500 likes 2015 SPP motivation tools

Motivation of students: • Points exchangeable for gifts • Registration award: 1 bicycle • Main prize (min. 1 sportpoint) • 2 Bayern München tickets (travel included) • 1 smart phone • 1 tablet • Five sports to Rio 2016

Motivation of institutions • HUSF SPP tender – 15 million HUF • „Sportiest University” • „Best university sport office” • „Most successful SportPoint event” University Sport Office Network

Sport offices: 23 + 1 14 + 1 in the countryside 9 in Budapest

EU-funded program Convergence regions 2 years, 1,42 m €

State-tender Budapest-Gödöllő 1+2+1 semesters, 0,52 m €

Coordination Overall: HUSF Office State-tender: Central Hungarian Regional Sport Office of HUSF The integrated sport office model

Leadership Reaching, moving (institutional, students en masse Institute of rector) sport, Sport Student Directorate Unions

High level sport specific Integrated knowledge, top athletes sport Effective use of office infrastructure

University sport club Facility management HUSF (HOC) Effective communication, Strong national university new resources sport network The quality of health

Curve of Quality of Life (health and well-being) • Health promotion (-education, -communication) • Prevention – Treatment – Rehabilitation

Quality of life

Quantity of Life Quality of Life Quality of Life with health promotion Aims of health promoting universities

The overall aims of the health promoting universities should be: • to integrate a commitment to health within the University's culture, processes and structures and to develop its health promoting potential; • to promote the health and well-being of staff, students and the wider community. The objectives forming a broad agenda for action: • to integrate a commitment to and vision of health within the plans, policies and leadership of the university • to support the healthy personal and social development of students • to develop a supportive, empowering and healthy workplace • to create health promoting and sustainable physical environments • to increase understanding, knowledge and commitment to multi- disciplinary health promotion across all studies and researches • to support the health promotion within the wider community Intervention of health promotion

M. Dooris, 2001 - 7th International Conference of Health Promoting Universities and Colleges, 2015 Kelowna - 1st European Health Promoting Universities Conference, 2016 Budapest - 8th International Health Promoting Universities Conference, 2017 - UN Conference of Health Promotion and Sustainability, 2021 Closing remarks

- Care about students with low level physical activity. - There is significant gender differences between sport habits. - Segment our target groups to promote activities (not a homogeneous population). - It is not enough to inspire to move, we have to build adequate conditions: venues, tools, professionals etc. - Have to use health promotion to reach non-sporting students. - After all you have to be an exemplar with your own life style, and/or find to offer the role models for students. Thank you for your attention!

Over 100 university students in the Olympic team, 7 gold, 4 silver, 4 bronze medals