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Annotated Bibliography of the Wild Pig (Sus Scrofa)

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Annotated Bibliography of the Wild Pig (Sus Scrofa) WSRC-TR-2002-00129 Rev. 1 Annotated Bibliography of the Wild Pig (Sus scrofa) Environmental Information Document John J. Mayer and C. Barry Shedrow Environmental Services Section Washington Savannah River Company P. O. Box 616 Aiken, SC 29808 2007 Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC09-96SR18500 WSRC-TR-2002-00129 Rev. 1 This page left blank intentionally ii WSRC-TR-2002-00129 Rev. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 CLASSIFICATION CATEGORIES 2 ALPHABETIC LISTING OF REFERENCES 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 329 iii WSRC-TR-2002-00129 Rev. 1 This page left blank intentionally iv WSRC-TR-2002-00129 Rev. 1 INTRODUCTION At present, wild pigs belonging to the species Sus scrofa are found worldwide in the non-polar regions of the world. This species includes both native populations of Eurasian wild boar and introduced populations of Eurasian wild boar, feral swine (wild pigs solely of domestic ancestry) and hybrids between wild boar and feral swine. In spite of a well-known reputation as a destructive species, populations of wild-living Sus scrofa continue to be established in new areas with the passage of time. Along with these new populations come new challenges for land and environmental resource managers charged with controlling or managing this invasive species. In general, the more one knows about an invasive species, the better the chances of being able to either control or possibly even eliminate the potential damage that these animals can do. The purpose of this bibliography is to provide a ready access to the literature on wild pigs. This bibliography only includes those references that specifically deal at least in part with wild pigs. Comparative studies of wild and domestic pigs are also included. References that include only minimal information/discussions on wild pigs, but are of a more general nature (e.g., a book on European mammals) are not included in this compilation. In a few cases, applicable references on other species within the genus Sus (e.g., S. celebensis, S. verrucosus, and S. bucculentus) have been included as sources of comparable information. This bibliography also includes some general studies, of which the wild pig is the primary focus or species under study. Because of the broad coverage attempted in this compilation, this bibliography is not, nor is it intended to be, even a near complete assemblage of all of the literature on this species. This report is simply intended to present the user with a place to start. The sources of the references included in this bibliography were varied. As such, the references cover a broad spectrum of topics including general biology, natural history, applied management, sport hunting and folklore. The various citations range from professional scientific studies to popular anecdotal and fictional accounts. Because of the global presence of populations of the various forms comprising this species, the literature addressing the general subject of wild pigs is of an international origin. Translations of titles in languages other than English have been provided. This revision to the original report is only being produced in CD format. The CD format is set up to be searchable by both the classification categories or by character strings (e.g., specific key words) determined by the user. 1 WSRC-TR-2002-00129 Rev. 1 CLASSIFICATION CATEGORIES In an effort to assist the users of this bibliography to find the references that they need, each of the citations is followed by one or more subject categories. These categories include the following: Archaeology/Paleontology Articles dealing with studies of historic, subfossil and fossil accounts, descriptions or occurrences of this species. Behavior Papers concerning all behaviors of this species in both the wild and captivity, including aggression/fighting, activity patterns, breeding/farrowing, habitat preferences/requirements/use, home range, loafing/resting, movement/radiotelemetry, nesting/bedding, rooting, social unit organization, vocalizations, wallows/rubs, and specific behaviors. Contamination Papers that deal with analyses of wild pig body burdens of radionuclides, heavy metals, hazardous materials and other environmentally or experimentally acquired constituents of concern. This category includes those references involving human health risk assessments. Control/Management Papers dealing with the control and management of wild pig populations. This encompasses a wide spectrum of topics ranging from the eradication of destructive populations to the management of desired populations toward preservation/protection, as well as captive management/husbandry. This category also includes age determination, capture/handling techniques, laws and regulations for this species, trapping methods, immobilization drugs and their administration. Damage References that discuss the various environmental and economic impacts or destruction caused by this species. This category also encompasses attacks and injuries by wild pigs to people. Diseases/Parasites Papers that identify or describe the diseases that infect and the external/internal parasites that infest wild pigs. This also includes those articles involving the transmission of wild pig or zoonotic diseases to other species including man. Domestication Papers dealing with the domestication of wild pigs. This category includes references that provide comparisons between wild and domestic pigs toward understanding the history and process of domestication. Ecology Papers concerning all aspects of the ecology of wild pigs. This category overlaps a number of the other categories in an ecosystem perspective. 2 WSRC-TR-2002-00129 Rev. 1 Economics Articles addressing economic or monetary studies or issues involving either the control, management or sporthunting harvest this species. Includes the commercial production, trade, consumption and analysis of wild pig meat for human consumption. Folklore/Fiction References dealing with folklore or fictional accounts of wild pigs. This category would also include children’s books. Food Habits Papers concerning nutrition, and natural and artificial diets of wild pigs in both captive and natural situations. This category also includes those references dealing with the predation of other animals by wild pigs, and the impact of wild pig foraging on other species of flora and fauna. Genetics References concerning karyotypes, DNA, genetic variability, or inheritance of various forms of wild pigs. History Papers documenting the recent historic aspects/changes of both native and introduced populations of this species. Hunting Papers concerning the hunting of this species by man for the purposes of sport, sustenance, or management. Also includes articles on the trophy evaluation/rating and records of wild pigs. These references can range from technical to anecdotal/folklore accounts. Morphology Papers dealing external and internal morphology, metric data (e.g., dimension, mass and volume), appearance, gross anatomy, cytology, histology, growth, body composition (e.g., body fat), deformities, malformations and pathological conditions. Physiology Papers concerning all physiological aspects of wild pigs, including life processes, activities and functions, general biochemistry, metabolism, and energetics. Population Biology References considering wild pig population sizes, sex/age structure, changes, densities, distribution/range, longevity, modeling and mortality. Predation Papers concerning the natural or non-human predation of wild pigs. 3 WSRC-TR-2002-00129 Rev. 1 Radioecology Papers that describe radionuclide uptake and recycling, the effects of radiation and/or general nuclear industrial activities on wild pigs and the use of radioisotopes with this species. Reproduction Papers concerning all aspects of the reproduction of this species, including sexual maturation, breeding, estrous cycle, gestation, nesting, litter size, sex ratio, and weaning. Taxonomy Articles concerning species and subspecies identification, comparisons (e.g., of behavior, ecology, morphology, physiology, reproduction, etc.), nomenclature and systematics of wild pigs. Also includes any comparisons between different wild forms, or wild and domestic forms, and the process of domestication. 4 WSRC-TR-2002-00129 Rev. 1 ALPHABETIC LISTING OF REFERENCES Abáigar, T. 1990. Caracteristicas biologicas y ecologicas de una poblacion de jabalies (Sus scrofa L.) en el SE Iberico [Biological and ecological characteristics of a population of wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) in southeastern Iberia]. Ph.D. Dissertation, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. 360 pp. (Ecology, Population Biology, Reproduction) Abáigar, T. 1992. Parametres de la reproduction chez le sanglier (Sus scrofa) dans le sud-est de la péninsule iberique [Reproductive parameters in the wild boar (Sus scrofa) from the southeastern Iberian peninsula]. Mammalia, 56(2):245-250. (Reproduction) Abáigar, T. 1992. Spatial distribution of a wild boar population (Sus scrofa) in a mediterranean environment. Pp. 409-412. In F. Spitz, G. Janeau, G. Gonzalez, and S. Aulagnier (eds.), Ongules/Ungulates 91: Proceedings of the international symposium. Toulouse, France, September 2-6, 1991. Société Francaise pour l'Etude et la Protection des Mammifères, and Toulose: Institut de Recherché sur les Grands Mammifères, Paris & Toulouse, France, 661 pp. (Behavior, Population Biology) Abáigar, T. 1993. Régimen alimentario del jabalí (Sus scrofa, L. 1758) en el sudeste ibérico [Food habits of the wild boar (Sus scrofa, L. 1758) in
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