Perspectives on Acoustics in

M.G. Prasad Department of Mechanical Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken, New Jersey 07040 [email protected] C Vedic Hinduism

™Vedas are the source literature. ™Vedas are infinitely large collection of (chants) ™Vedas and Vedic literature deal with all aspects of life. ™Acoustics plays an important role in Vedas and Vedic literature.

2 C Vedic Knowledge as an Inverted Tree Bramhan - God Non - Dual Reality

4 Vedas

Vedic literature

Integrated knowledge of Spirituality and Science 3 C Veda Mantras

™Mantras (chants) are orally transmitted from teacher to disciples. ™Precision in intonations and phonetics. ™Intrinsic pitch difference can be overridden ™Provides experience and meaning. ™Oral transfer of knowledge through ages through memory

4 C Vedic Chanting at Sarvaraya Veda Pathasala, Andhra Pradesh,

5 C Sound carries spiritual vibrations

Shankha ƒ Shankha ( Shell) produces an unusually pure tone o Reflects the sound of o Used in Hindu rituals

ƒ Sound interacts with the flame to bring about various shapes o A particular tone breaks the flame into Tyndall effect seven tongues (Tyndall effect)

6 Conch shell, and Gongs in temples C The and Cultural Society, Bridgewater, N.J

7 C Vocal and instrumental music expresses the experiential aspects of Vedic Hinduism

ƒ Vocal music has its origin in Vedic chants ƒ Melody characterizes instrumental music; rhythm the Purcussion instruments ƒ The design of and have both melody and rhythm. This is from the tonal combination like string instruments.

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8 C Melody and Rhythm from percussion instrument From tabla played by maestro Zakir Hussain

9 C Vedic order of natural elements and perception

Element Sense of perception Space Sound (hear) Air Touch and Sound Fire See, Touch and Sound Water Taste,See,Touch and Sound Earth Smell,Taste,See,Touch, Sound

™Space is characterized by only sound ™Sound is the most subtle sense of perception

10 C Music from pillars Purndhara mantapa (16th century), Hampe, Karnataka, India

11 C Acoustics in Hinduism

™Major importance in all aspects ™Critical role in human life ™Connects spiritual to worldly domains ™Further work required in this area

12 C Oh! Sound You surround everything around. You are everywhere to be heard. You are outside but also inside. You are produced ever in nature. You come from humans and machines. You are with motions and patterns.

As an annoying noise, you displease someone. As a diagnostic tool, you are useful to someone. As a painful noise, you can hurt anyone. As a soothing music, you comfort everyone. It isn’t easy to place you as music or noise. Either wanted or unwanted, you are always sound. M.G. Prasad

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