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Proterozoic Unconformity and Stratabound Uranium Deposits

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Proterozoic Unconformity and Stratabound Uranium Deposits IAEA-TECDOC-315 PROTEROZOIC UNCONFORMITY AND STRATABOUND URANIUM DEPOSITS REPOR WORKINE TH F TO G GROU URANIUN PO M GEOLOGY ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY EDITEY DB JOHN FERGUSON A TECHNICAL DOCUMENT ISSUED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, VIENNA, 1984 PROTEROZOIC UNCONFORMITY AND STRATABOUND URANIUM DEPOSITS IAEA, VIENNA, 1984 IAEA-TECDOC-315 Printe IAEe th AustriAn y i d b a October 1984 PLEASE BE AWARE THAT ALL OF THE MISSING PAGES IN THIS DOCUMENT WERE ORIGINALLY BLANK The IAEA does not normally maintain stocks of reports in this series. However, microfiche copies of these reports can be obtained from IN IS Clearinghouse International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramerstrasse5 P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria Orders shoul accompaniee db prepaymeny db f Austriao t n Schillings 100, for e forcheque a th f m IAEth f mo n i o n i r Aeo microfiche service coupons which may be ordered separately from the INIS Clearinghouse. FOREWORD e greaTh t surg interesf eo d activittan n exploratioi y uraniur nfo m deposits over the last decade has added significantly to our knowledge of uranium nature geologth uraniuf d eo an y m deposits informatioe . th Muc f o h n that has been developed by government and industry programmes has not been widel ybenefie availablth d systematif mann o ti ha yd t ean no case s csha gathering, organisatio publicationd nan . Witcurrene th h t cut-bacn i k uranium exploratio d researcnan h efforts therreaa s li e danger that much knowledge oth f e gained wil lose lb t and, witanticipatee th h d resurgence of activities, will again have to be developed, with a consequent loss of time, money and effort. In an effort to gather together the most important informatio e type th uraniuf o sn no m deposits ,seriea reportf o s beins i s g prepared, each covering a specific type of deposit. These reports are a producAgency'e th f o t s Working Grou Uraniun o p m Geology. This group, which has been active since 1970, has gathered and exchanged information on key questions of uranium geology and coordinated investigations on important geological questions. The Working Group has been carrying on several projects to prepare comprehensive report majon o s r type uraniuf so m deposits. These report plannee ar s completior fo d d releasnan 1984n ei . Finding wore th k f so will be presented at the International Geologic Congress in Moscow in August 1984. The topics of the Working Group on Uranium Geology projects and the projece nameth f so t leaders are: Sedimentary Basin Sandstond san e Type Deposits- Warren Finch Uranium Deposit Proterozoin i s c Quartz-Pebble Conglomerates- Desmond Pretorius Vein Type Uranium Deposits - Helmut Fuchs Proterozoic Unconformity and Stratabound Uranium Deposits - John Ferguson Surficial Deposits - Dennis Toens. e dedicatioth o e succest projecte Th th e d effort ndu an f so s i sf o s the project leader d theian s r organisations e activth d e, an participatio n and contribution of world experts on the types of deposits involved. The Agency wishe exteno t s s l thankinvolve projecte it al d th o t sn r i d fo s their efforts e reportTh . s constitut n importanea t additioe th o t n literatur uraniun o e m geolog sucs e expectea har d an y havo t d warea m reception by the member states of the Agency and the uranium community, world-wide. I.A.E.A., Vienna 198y ,Ma 4 EDITORIAL NOTE The authors who have contributed to this project are all actively engaged in research wor n areai k s relatin theio t g r respective contributions. This advantag s alloweeha updater fo d d syntheses which frequently includes work that has a restricted distribution and additionally incorporates new data. It is hoped that this report wil exploratior lfo held ai p Proterozoir n serva fo n s ea c unconformity and stratabound uranium deposits. m indebtea I Delo t d l Staffor typinr fo d g mos f thito s manuscripo t d an t DraftinR theBM g productio e Officth r fo e numberouf no s line drawing mapsd san , in particular woul,I d lik thano et k Ivon Chertok, Ingo Hartig, Natasha Kozin and Diana Pillinger. John Ferguson CONTENTS STRATIFOR STRATA-BOUND MAN D TYPES Proterozoic strata-bound uranium deposit f Zambio s Zaird aan e ...................................7 . L. Meneghel Uranium in Early Proterozoic Aillik Group, Labrador .................................................... 35 S.S. Gandhi Olympie Th copper-uranium-golm cDa d deposit, Roxby Downs, South Australia ...........9 6 . D.E. Roberts, G.R.T. Hudson Strata-bound uranium deposits in the Dripping Spring Quartzite, Gila County, Arizona, USA: A model for their formation ................................................................ 95 C.J. Nutt Lianshanguae Th n uranium deposit, Northeast China: Some petrologicad an l geochemical constraints on genesis ................................................................................ 115 Zhong Jiarong, Guo Zhitian UNCONFORMITY-RELATED TYPES Pine Creek Geosyncline, N.T. ...........................................................................................5 13 . G.R. Ewers, Ferguson,J. R.S. Needham, T.H. Donnelly Uranium mineralizatio t Turena e Creek, Western Australia ...............................................7 20 . G.N. Lustig, G.R. Ewers, C.R. Williams, FergusonJ. Unconformity-related uranium deposit Athabasce th n si a basin region, Saskatchewa7 n 21 ...... V. Ruzicka Uranium geology, Beaverlodge Area ................................................................................ 269 D.M. Ward Geology and discovery of Proterozoic uranium deposits, central district of Keewatin, Northwest Territories, Canada .................................................................................... 285 A.R. Miller, J.D. Blackwell, L. Curtis, W. Hilger, R.H. McMillan, E. Nutter The RioPreto uranium occurrences, Goiâs, Brazil ............................................................ 313 P.M. Figueiredode Filho Proterozoic unconformity and strata-bound uranium deposits: Epilogue ........................ 325 . Ferguson/ PROTEROZOIC STRATA-BOUND URANIUM DEPOSITS OF ZAMBI ZAIRD AAN E . MENEGHEL L AGIP Nucleare, Milan, Italy Abstract e KatangTh a System, hos o uraniut t d coppean m r mineraliz- ation, is several thousands of metres thick ana rests unconform- ably on an older complex of crystalline rocks and meta-sediments and is locally covered by Karoo sandstones or Kalahari sands. e depositioTh e Katangth f o na System took place durin e Latth ge Proterozoic in a wide complex basin extending from Shaba provinc n Zairi e e throug a largh e par f Zambio t d intan a o eastern Angola. The sediments were affected by different grades of metamorphism, tectonic events, and by thermal events associated with post-tectonic metamorphism. e bas th f Katango e t A a syste m4 know8 ther e nar e copper deposit 2 uraniu4 d an s m occurrences s suggestei t I . d thal al t the known uranium and copper occurrences are of an essentially syngenetic sedimentary origin. The mineralisation is found in the Lower Roan Formatio ne Katang neath e bas th f ro e a System occurrin n rocki g s produce n similai d r environmental conditions and thus being stratigraphie controlled, however, their areal distributio s localisei n d producin a regionag l metal zonation. e uraniuth Man f o ym occurrences hav a typicae l vein aspect. These transgressive relationships are not inconsistent with a syngenetic origi s evidencea n e veith n y b morphologyd . Exploration activitie d genetian s c studie e ongoinar s g throughout this metallogenic province. INTRODUCTION The Copperbelt areas of Zaire (Shaba Province) and Zambia which host the uranium deposits are located on the southern flank e Congoth f oe majo Cratoth rf o structurane whicon s i h l blocks e Africath f o n continent sout f Saharao h . 00 TABLE 1. Correlation of the Katanga System of the Domes, Zambian, and Shaban Copperbelt Areas Domes area Zambian Copperbelt area Shaban Copperbelt area McGregor, 1964; Edwards, 1974; Arthur, 1974; Mendelsohn, 1961; Bind d Mulgrewan a , 1974 Francois, 1974; Cahen, 1974; Cailteux, 1977 Klinck, in press; and Appleton, in press Stratigraphie units Rock type Stratigraphie units Rock type Stratigraphie type Rock type Shale Sandston d shalan e e Tillite Tillite West Lunga Kundelungu Shale Kundelungu Sandstone and shale formation Limestone and dolomite group Dolomite and shale supergroup Dolomite (Tillite) Tillite Tillite Grand Conglomerate and Mwashya Carbonaceous shale Carbonaceous shale supergroup Black shale Mwashya group Luigishi Schists Argillite (Roan unit 4.2) formation Dolomite and magnesite Dolomite Dolomite Wamikumbi formation Dolomitic schists (Roan unit 1) (Roan unit 4.1) Talc-specularitic quartzite Roan group Argillite, shale dolotnitic schists Roan supergroup Dolomitic sandstone (Roan units 2,3, and 4) Dolomite Quartzite (marker) Quartzite (Roan uni) 5 t Shale (Roan units 3(?) and 2.3) Wushingwi Mica schists Argillite, micaceous quartzite, Siliceous dolomite formation Biotite schists impure dolomite (Roan uni) 6 t (Roan units 2.1 and 2.2) Local conglomerate (Quartzite, conglomerate) Dolomitic sandstone (Roan unit 7) (Roan uni) 1 t Basement complex: granites, schists, gneisses, etc. Uranium mineralisatio s firswa n t discovere e Shabth n ai d Province of Zaire in 1915 and sometime later in the Zambian Copperbelt e discoverieth , e North-Westerth n i s n Zambian Domes Area are fairly recent. For sometime these three districts (Fig. 1) have been regarde s indépendana d e anotheon f o t r forming three separate depositional basins s suggestea , e facth ty b dtha t there ar e marked differences betwee e threth n e areas A mor. e careful examination of the geological environments demonstrates however tha n eac i tf thes o h e area e lithologieth s s merge into each other indicating that they form a single depositional domain. The three areas are considered to be a part of a single geo- logical e unitmineraliseTh . d area e thoughar s o havt t a e commo e same linkeb nth e o origi o t t importand d an n t metallogen- etic epoch; later tectonic overprinting has masked their petrogenetic links.
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