7 Days 24 Hours Diseases in BOLD ITALICS Should Be Reported
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Communicable Diseases Monthly Newsletter
Communicable Diseases Monthly Newsletter October 2013 Volume 6, Issue 10 What is Pneumonia? neumonia is an infection of the lungs that is Inside This Issue P usually caused by bacteria or viruses. Globally, pneumonia causes more deaths than any 2 Pneumonia other infectious disease. It can often be prevented and can usually be treated. 2 Influenza Update Pneumonia can cause mild to severe illness in 3 people of all ages. Signs of pneumonia can include Communicable Diseases Report coughing, fever, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, rapid breathing or shortness of breath, chills, or chest pain. Certain people that are more likely to become ill with Rabies Awareness pneumonia include adults 65 years of age or older and children younger than 5 4 years. People with underlying medical conditions and those who smoke cigarettes or Sexually Transmitted have asthma are also at increased risk for pneumonia. Diseases Causes of Pneumonia When bacteria, viruses or, rarely, fungi living in your nose, mouth, sinuses, or the (Continued on page 2) Influenza update: 2013-2014 Season s of the week ending November 2, 2013, a total of 7 cases have been A reported in Joplin City (6) and Jasper County (1). Since the beginning of influenza reporting in October, influenza type A represents 85.7 percent of the cases (6 out of 7). This trend shows slightly less reports during the 2013-2014 season when compared with the previous season (2012-2013) within the same period. Influenza virus: Source: CDC.gov (Continued on page 2) Communicable Disease Monthly Newsletter Pneumonia (Continued from page 1) Reduce Your Risk environment spread to your lungs, you can develop Pneumonia can be prevented with vaccines. -
ABSTRACT DRAKE, STEPHENIE LYNN. the Ecology Vibrio
ABSTRACT DRAKE, STEPHENIE LYNN. The Ecology Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Oyster Harvest Sites in the Gulf of Mexico. (Under the direction of Dr. Lee-Ann Jaykus). The Vibrionaceae are environmentally ubiquitous to estuarine waters. Two species in particular, V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus, are important human pathogens that are transmitted by the consumption of contaminated molluscan shellfish. There is limited information available for the recent risk assessments; accordingly, the purpose of this study was to address some of these data gaps in the V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus risk assessments. The objectives of this study were to (i) quantify the levels of total estuarine bacteria, total Vibrio spp., and specific levels of non-pathogenic and pathogenic V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus over the harvest period; and (ii) determine if length of harvest time affects the levels of V. vulnificus. Oyster and water samples were harvested seasonally from 3 U.S. Gulf Coast sites over 2 years. Environmental parameters were monitored during harvesting. Both surface and bottom water samples (1 L) were taken at the beginning of harvesting and at the end of harvesting. Oyster samples (15 specimens for each time point) were taken at 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 hrs intervals after being held at ambient temperature during harvesting. Samples were processed for many different bacteria. For enumeration of total V. parahaemolyticus, pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus was done using colony lift hybridization (tlh, tdh+ and/or trh+, and vvhA gene targets, respectively). MPN methods were also used to obtain estimates of pathogenic V. -
Kellie ID Emergencies.Pptx
4/24/11 ID Alert! recognizing rapidly fatal infections Susan M. Kellie, MD, MPH Professor of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMSOM Hospital Epidemiologist UNMHSC and NMVAHCS Fever and…. Rash and altered mental status Rash Muscle pain Lymphadenopathy Hypotension Shortness of breath Recent travel Abdominal pain and diarrhea Case 1. The cross-country trucker A 30 year-old trucker driving from Oklahoma to California is hospitalized in Deming with fever and headache He is treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, but deteriorates with obtundation, low platelet count, and a centrifugal petechial rash and is transferred to UNMH 1 4/24/11 What is your diagnosis? What is the differential diagnosis of fever and headache with petechial rash? (in the US) Tickborne rickettsioses ◦ RMSF Bacteria ◦ Neisseria meningitidis Key diagnosis in this case: “doxycycline deficiency” Key vector-borne rickettsioses treated with doxycycline: RMSF-case-fatality 5-10% ◦ Fever, nausea, vomiting, myalgia, anorexia and headache ◦ Maculopapular rash progresses to petechial after 2-4 days of fever ◦ Occasionally without rash Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis (HGA): case-fatality<1% Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (HME): case fatality 2-3% 2 4/24/11 Lab clues in rickettsioses The total white blood cell (WBC) count is typicallynormal in patients with RMSF, but increased numbers of immature bands are generally observed. Thrombocytopenia, mild elevations in hepatic transaminases, and hyponatremia might be observed with RMSF whereas leukopenia -
Weekly Epidemiologic L Report
WEEKLY EPIDEMIOLOGICAL REPORT A publication of the Epidemiology Unit Ministry of Health 231, de Saram Place, Colombo 01000, Sri Lanka Tele: + 94 11 2695112, Fax: +94 11 2696583, E mail: [email protected] Epidemiologist: +94 11 2681548, E mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.epid.gov.lk Vol. 42 No. 33 08 th – 14 th August 2015 Melioidosis Key facts the area. People acquire the disease by inhaling dust contaminated by the bacteria and when the • Melioidosis is an infectious disease caused contaminated soil comes in contact with abraded by a bacterium, Burkholderia pseudomallei. (scraped) area of the skin. Infection most com- • Melioidosis infection commonly involves the monly occurs during the rainy season. lungs. Symptoms • Melioidosis is diagnosed with the help of Melioidosis symptoms most commonly stem blood, urine, sputum, or skin-lesion testing. from lung disease where the infection can form a • Melioidosis is treated with antibiotics. cavity of pus (abscess). The effects can range from mild bronchitis to severe pneumonia. As a • The overall mortality rate is 40%. result, patients also may experience fever, head- Introduction ache, loss of appetite, cough, chest pain, and general muscle soreness. Melioidosis, also called Whitmore's Disease, is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium The effects can also be localized to infection on called Burkholderia pseudomallei (previously the skin (cellulitis) with associated fever and muscle aches. It can spread from the skin known as Pseudomonas pseudomallei-Gram- negative,oxidase positive bacillus). The bacteria are found in contaminated water and soil and spread to humans and animals through direct contact with the contaminated source. -
Reportable Diseases and Conditions
KINGS COUNTY DEPARTMENT of PUBLIC HEALTH 330 CAMPUS DRIVE, HANFORD, CA 93230 REPORTABLE DISEASES AND CONDITIONS Title 17, California Code of Regulations, §2500, requires that known or suspected cases of any of the diseases or conditions listed below are to be reported to the local health jurisdiction within the specified time frame: REPORT IMMEDIATELY BY PHONE During Business Hours: (559) 852-2579 After Hours: (559) 852-2720 for Immediate Reportable Disease and Conditions Anthrax Escherichia coli: Shiga Toxin producing (STEC), Rabies (Specify Human or Animal) Botulism (Specify Infant, Foodborne, Wound, Other) including E. coli O157:H7 Scrombroid Fish Poisoning Brucellosis, Human Flavivirus Infection of Undetermined Species Shiga Toxin (Detected in Feces) Cholera Foodborne Disease (2 or More Cases) Smallpox (Variola) Ciguatera Fish Poisoning Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Tularemia, human Dengue Virus Infection Influenza, Novel Strains, Human Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (Crimean-Congo, Ebola, Diphtheria Measles (Rubeola) Lassa, and Marburg Viruses) Domonic Acid Poisoning (Amnesic Shellfish Meningococcal Infections Yellow Fever Poisoning) Novel Virus Infection with Pandemic Potential Zika Virus Infection Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Plague (Specify Human or Animal) Immediately report the occurrence of any unusual disease OR outbreaks of any disease. REPORT BY PHONE, FAX, MAIL WITHIN ONE (1) WORKING DAY Phone: (559) 852-2579 Fax: (559) 589-0482 Mail: 330 Campus Drive, Hanford 93230 Conditions may also be reported electronically via the California -
Vol. XXV Issue No. 2 June 2004
Vol. XXV Issue No. 2 June 2004 Report on the Enhanced Surveillance for Chlamydia West Nile Virus - 2003 Summary and in Women - South Carolina, 1998-2002 the Upcoming Season WAYNE A. DUFFUS, MD, PhD LENA M. BRETOUS, MD, MPH Medical Consultant Medical Consultant Extent of Chlamydia Problem Chlamydia remains a significant health threat among In 2003, South Carolina recorded six human cases of women and adolescents. Most estimates predict that 1 in 20 West Nile Virus (WNV). Surveillance numbers for other WNV sexually active woman of childbearing age or 1 in 10 adoles- positives in 2003 include: 282 birds, 54 equine, 3 mosquito cent girls are infected with chlamydia. In fact, 90% of all pools, and 1 alpaca. See table on page reported cases are in individuals less than 24 years of age. three for human case description. INSIDE THIS ISSUE Unfortunately, 60 – 80% of infected women have no symp- Because of the long stretch of toms, and therefore are not aware of their infection and may warm weather in spring and fall, in- Report on the Enhanced not seek health care. fected mosquitoes have a longer win- Surveillance for Chlamydia is the most commonly reported sexually dow to spread the disease in South Chlamydia in Women - South Carolina, transmitted infection among women in the United States (US). Carolina. The first human WNV case 1998 - 2002 The southeast led the nation in chlamydia prevalence in 2002. in South Carolina during 2003 was also Pg. 1 For example, there were 451.1 cases/100,000 persons diag- the first recorded case in the country nosed in the U.S. -
12. What's Really New in Antibiotic Therapy Print
What’s really new in antibiotic therapy? Martin J. Hug Freiburg University Medical Center EAHP Academy Seminars 20-21 September 2019 Newsweek, May 24-31 2019 Disclosures There are no conflicts of interest to declare EAHP Academy Seminars 20-21 September 2019 Antiinfectives and Resistance EAHP Academy Seminars 20-21 September 2019 Resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to Pip.-Taz. olates) EAHP Academy Seminars 20-21 September 2019 https://resistancemap.cddep.org/AntibioticResistance.php Multiresistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Combined resistance against at least three different types of antibiotics, 2017 EAHP Academy Seminars 20-21 September 2019 https://atlas.ecdc.europa.eu/public/index.aspx Distribution of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae EAHP Academy Seminars 20-21 September 2019 Rossolini GM. Global threat of Gram-negative antimicrobial resistance. 27th ECCMID, Vienna, 2017, IS07 Priority Pathogens Defined by the World Health Organisation Critical Priority High Priority Medium Priority Acinetobacter baumanii Enterococcus faecium Streptococcus pneumoniae carbapenem-resistant vancomycin-resistant penicillin-non-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa Helicobacter pylori Haemophilus influenzae carbapenem-resistant clarithromycin-resistant ampicillin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae Salmonella species Shigella species carbapenem-resistant fluoroquinolone-resistant fluoroquinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus vancomycin or methicillin -resistant Campylobacter species fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoae 3rd gen. cephalosporin-resistant -
WO 2014/134709 Al 12 September 2014 (12.09.2014) P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2014/134709 Al 12 September 2014 (12.09.2014) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every A61K 31/05 (2006.01) A61P 31/02 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (21) International Application Number: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, PCT/CA20 14/000 174 DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, 4 March 2014 (04.03.2014) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (25) Filing Language: English OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, (26) Publication Language: English SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, (30) Priority Data: ZW. 13/790,91 1 8 March 2013 (08.03.2013) US (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (71) Applicant: LABORATOIRE M2 [CA/CA]; 4005-A, rue kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, de la Garlock, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1L 1W9 (CA). GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, (72) Inventors: LEMIRE, Gaetan; 6505, rue de la fougere, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, Sherbrooke, Quebec JIN 3W3 (CA). -
Reportable Disease Surveillance in Virginia, 2013
Reportable Disease Surveillance in Virginia, 2013 Marissa J. Levine, MD, MPH State Health Commissioner Report Production Team: Division of Surveillance and Investigation, Division of Disease Prevention, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, and Division of Immunization Virginia Department of Health Post Office Box 2448 Richmond, Virginia 23218 www.vdh.virginia.gov ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In addition to the employees of the work units listed below, the Office of Epidemiology would like to acknowledge the contributions of all those engaged in disease surveillance and control activities across the state throughout the year. We appreciate the commitment to public health of all epidemiology staff in local and district health departments and the Regional and Central Offices, as well as the conscientious work of nurses, environmental health specialists, infection preventionists, physicians, laboratory staff, and administrators. These persons report or manage disease surveillance data on an ongoing basis and diligently strive to control morbidity in Virginia. This report would not be possible without the efforts of all those who collect and follow up on morbidity reports. Divisions in the Virginia Department of Health Office of Epidemiology Disease Prevention Telephone: 804-864-7964 Environmental Epidemiology Telephone: 804-864-8182 Immunization Telephone: 804-864-8055 Surveillance and Investigation Telephone: 804-864-8141 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Introduction ......................................................................................................................................1 -
Marion County Reportable Disease and Condition Summary, 2015
Marion County Reportable Disease and Condition Summary, 2015 Marion County Health Department 3180 Center St NE, Salem, OR 97301 503-588-5357 http://www.co.marion.or.us/HLT Reportable Diseases and Conditions in Marion County, 2015 # of Disease/Condition cases •This table shows all reportable Chlamydia 1711 Animal Bites 663 cases of disease, infection, Hepatitis C (chronic) 471 microorganism, and conditions Gonorrhea 251 Campylobacteriosis 68 in Marion County in 2015. Latent Tuberculosis 68 Syphilis 66 Pertussis 64 •The 3 most reported Salmonellosis 52 E. Coli 31 diseases/conditions in Marion HIV Infection 20 County in 2015 were Chlamydia, Hepatitis B (chronic) 18 Elevated Blood Lead Levels 17 Animal Bites, and Chronic Giardia 14 Pelvic Inflammatory Disease 13 Hepatitis C. Cryptosporidiosis 11 Cryptococcus 9 Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae 8 •Health care providers report all Haemophilus Influenzae 8 Tuberculosis 6 cases or possible cases of Shigellosis 3 diseases, infections, Hepatitis C (acute) 2 Listeriosis 2 microorganisms and conditions Non-TB Mycobacteria 2 within certain time frames as Rabies (animal) 2 Scombroid 2 specified by the state health Taeniasis/Cysticercosis 2 Coccidioidomycosis 1 department, Oregon Health Dengue 1 Authority. Hepatitis A 1 Hepatitis B (acute) 1 Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome 1 Legionellosis 1 •A full list of Oregon reportable Malaria 1 diseases and conditions are Meningococcal Disease 1 Tularemia 1 available here Vibriosis 1 Yersiniosis 1 Total 3,595 Campylobacter (Campy) -Campylobacteriosis is an infectious illness caused by a bacteria. -Most ill people have diarrhea, cramping, stomach pain, and fever within 2-5 days after bacteria exposure. People are usually sick for about a week. -
Francisella Tularensis 6/06 Tularemia Is a Commonly Acquired Laboratory Colony Morphology Infection; All Work on Suspect F
Francisella tularensis 6/06 Tularemia is a commonly acquired laboratory Colony Morphology infection; all work on suspect F. tularensis cultures .Aerobic, fastidious, requires cysteine for growth should be performed at minimum under BSL2 .Grows poorly on Blood Agar (BA) conditions with BSL3 practices. .Chocolate Agar (CA): tiny, grey-white, opaque A colonies, 1-2 mm ≥48hr B .Cysteine Heart Agar (CHA): greenish-blue colonies, 2-4 mm ≥48h .Colonies are butyrous and smooth Gram Stain .Tiny, 0.2–0.7 μm pleomorphic, poorly stained gram-negative coccobacilli .Mostly single cells Growth on BA (A) 48 h, (B) 72 h Biochemical/Test Reactions .Oxidase: Negative A B .Catalase: Weak positive .Urease: Negative Additional Information .Can be misidentified as: Haemophilus influenzae, Actinobacillus spp. by automated ID systems .Infective Dose: 10 colony forming units Biosafety Level 3 agent (once Francisella tularensis is . Growth on CA (A) 48 h, (B) 72 h suspected, work should only be done in a certified Class II Biosafety Cabinet) .Transmission: Inhalation, insect bite, contact with tissues or bodily fluids of infected animals .Contagious: No Acceptable Specimen Types .Tissue biopsy .Whole blood: 5-10 ml blood in EDTA, and/or Inoculated blood culture bottle Swab of lesion in transport media . Gram stain Sentinel Laboratory Rule-Out of Francisella tularensis Oxidase Little to no growth on BA >48 h Small, grey-white opaque colonies on CA after ≥48 h at 35/37ºC Positive Weak Negative Positive Catalase Tiny, pleomorphic, faintly stained, gram-negative coccobacilli (red, round, and random) Perform all additional work in a certified Class II Positive Biosafety Cabinet Weak Negative Positive *Oxidase: Negative Urease *Catalase: Weak positive *Urease: Negative *Oxidase, Catalase, and Urease: Appearances of test results are not agent-specific. -
48787.Pdf (462.8Kb)
V directing council regional committee PAN AMERICAN WORLD t°3' ) HEALTH HEALTH ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION - XV Meeting XVI Meeting Mexico, D.F. August-September 1964 Provisional Agenda Item 33 CD15/30 (Eng.) 15 July 1964 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH REVIEW OF THE STATUS OF THE VENEREAL DISEASE PROBLEM AND CONTROL PROGRAMS IN THE AMERICAS I. IMPORTANCE OF THE PROBLEM * The venereal diseases are truly word-wide in occurrence -- but the exact extent of the problem is unknown. Variations in morbidity reporting practices from country to country and, indeed, within countries, make it difficult to compile reliable statistics relating to the incidence and prevalence of the venereal diseases. In the United States, where a vigorous venereal disease control program has been carried on since 1940, the figures from a recent survey of case reporting by private physicians indicate that only 11 per cent of the cases of infectious syphilis, 38 per cent of the cases of other stages of syphilis, and 11 per cent of the cases of gonorrhea treated by private physicians during the survey period were reported to the health department. In spite of the under-reporting problem, Guthe and Hume estimated in 1948 that at least two million cases of new venereally acquired. syphilis occurred in the world annually. In terms of prevalence, they estimated that a total of 20 million cases of syphilis existed among persons over 15 years of age throughout the world. There has been a tremendous increase in the world's population since 1948. There have been similar increases in factors affecting the rate of spread of syphilis such as greatly increased mobility and migration, as well as an apparent increase in sexual promiscuity.