New Species of from California and Oregon

Kris M. Shanks

Mycologia, Vol. 88, No. 3. (May - Jun., 1996), pp. 497-508.

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http://www.jstor.org Mon Mar 3 18:28:35 2008 ,2hcolog~a,88(3), 19% pp 497-508 C 1qY6 b~ The New YorL Botanlcal Gaiden, Biona, \A' 10458-5126

New species of Tricholoma from California and Oregon

Kr~sM. Shanks Measurements over 12 Fm hake been rounded to the Deparbrrent of Brolog), Sn~7F7ancz~to State Cizzu~rcztj, nearest whole micrometer. Unless otherwise stated, 1600 Hollo7un) 14-i1v, Snn Franczst o, Cnl~fornzn collections cited are deposited at SFSU. The follow- 94132' ing abreviations have been used for collectors: DLL: David Largent; KMS: Kris M. Shanks; AHS: Al- exander Smith; HDT: Harrl D. Thiers. Abstract: Eight Tricholoma species from California and Oregon are described. New taxa, Tm'cholomn ssoviolacsum, Tn'cholomn muricaturn, Tm'choloma mut- able, T7icholoma nzgrum and Tm'choloma myomycrs var. I. Tmrholoma, subg. Tmcholow~a,sect. Tmcholo~na(Fr.) cjstidzotum are described. Tricholo~navernatirum Staude, Die Schwarrlnle Mitteldeutsch. 125. 1858. comb. nov. is proposed. Key Words: , systematics, , Tri- cholonlataceae Tricholoma giseoviolaceurn Shanks sp. nov. FIGS.1-3

Pileus 40-80 mm latus, viscosus, fibrillas radiantes exhi- ISTRODUCTION bens, primitus albus, dein maturitate subviolaceo-griseus \el f~~mos~is.Lamellae albus, incarnatescens, nun lutesrens. Sti- Species of Tm'ch,olomaare common in north ternper- pes albus. Basidiosporae 4.8-7.2 X 3.4-4.8 yrrl, ellipticae. ate and subtropical areas worldwide. Most species are Cheilocvstidia 26-62 X 9.&14(-19)p,m, rara, clavata vel sac- considered obligately ectomycorrhizal, and play an cata: hyalina. Hyphae cuticulares pilei in rnatrice gelatinosa important role in forest ecosystems. This paper pre- inclusae. Cum quercibus crescens. sents in part the results of a taxonomic survey of Tri- Etjrnolog?;. (~riseouiolac~urn,violet-gray coloration. cholorna in California (Shanks, 1994). Previous taxo- HOL,OTETE. USA. CALIFORNI.4: San Xfateo Co., Portola nomic work on 'li-icholoma in California is limited to State Park, Surnmit trail, 9 Jan. 1993. K. Ilf. .Shanks 352 species described by hfurrill (1913) and Baroni and (SFSI!) . Ovrebo (1983). Below are described three new spe- Pil~us40-80 mm broad, campanulate at first, a cies and one new variety from Chlifornia, and a new prominent umbo present in younger specimens, but species from Oregon. Redescriptions of Tricholorna mature specimens typically lacking an umbo, becom- dryophillum (Murrill) Murrill and Tncholoma moseri ing broadly convex and finally plane with uplifted Singer are also b'rlvei~. and wavy margins splitting in age (FIG. 1,); surface viscid, innately radiating fibrillose; white at first 01- RZ1TERI.ALS AUD METHODS when covered in duff; developing a pale violet to vi- olet gray (17A2-3, 17B2) ground color with irregular The infrageneric classification used is that of Singer radiating streaks of dull violet gray, dark gray or near- (1986). Color notations in parentheses are from kr- ly black (16E4,16F3,17D3-F3), at maturity dark violet nerup and Wanscher (1978). All studies of microrn- gray at the disc, the margins remaining pale violet or ophological features were made from dried material, white, often with a ring of watery dark pigment 3-8 mounted in 3% KOH. A minimum of 20 spores were mm from the margin, in age the disc developing pal- measured from each collection, and the following sta- er grayish brown tones (6E3-4); context thin: white tistical measures were calculated for all the spores to watery gray above lamellae and near pileus sur- measured of a given taxon: 2 = mean length and face; odor faintly farinaceous or cucurrlhery, taste far- width; E = the ratio of length/width, expressed as a inaceous or sweet farinaceous. range of all the spores measured; Q = the mean of Lamellne sinuate, thin or somewhat thick and fork- E values; n = the total number of spores measured. ing near the , 3-15 mm broad, close, white, dis- .Accepted for publication Janudl v 16, 1996 coloring pinkish brown to grayish orange (X4, ' Current address: Department of Botany. Duke University, DLK- 7-9A2) in patches in age. ham, Nortl~Carolina 27708-0339: ernail: [email protected],ed11. Stij)~20-130 X 10-22 mm; equal or tapering slightly FIGS.1-6. Features of Tricholoma species. 1-3. T grisro-i~iolac.ru,n(KMS 36.3). 1. Basidiomata. 2. Basidiosporeq. :3. (:hedo- cystidia. 4-6. 7: mutabile (Calhoun 81-2947). 4. Basidiomata 5. Basidiospores. 6. Cheilocystidia. Iines reprearnt 1.5 rnrn for basidiomata, 10 Fm for basidiospores, 20 Fm for cystidia.

towards the base (FIG. 1); base pointed or abrupt; Basidiospores 4.8-7.2 X 3.4-4.8 prn (x = 3.9 ? O..3.? surface dry, dull, silky-fibrillose, white, occasionally X 4.0 + 0.43; E = 1.2-1.9;Q = 1.5 -+ 0.15; n = 142/7 pale orange (5A3) at the base; context solid, hollow collections); elliptic, hyaline, smooth, i~lamyloid(FIG. or stuffed, white or watery gray in the center. 2). Basidia 28-38 X 3.8-7.2 krn.clayate. +spored, IIV- aline. Cheilogstictia 26-62 X 9.6-14(19) pm, rare to tion Area, Schoolhouse Campground, 30 Nov. 1984, scattered, clavate to saccate, thin-walled, often col- HDT 48310; 28 Nov. 1989, HDT 53054. lapsing, hyaline (FIG.3). Pileipellis an ixocutis; epicutis Discussion.-Tm'choloma gnseouiolaceum is most likely hyphae 2.0-4.8 pm diam, cylindric, loosely interwo- to be confused with 7: portentosum which also pos- ven in a gelatinous matrix; hyaline or with granular sesses a viscid pileus with radiating gray fibrils, but 7: golden brown contents, rarely smooth, commonly griseoviolaceum differs in the absence of yellow col- with fine punctate to zebroid or flare-like hyaline or oration of the lamellae and stipe, a violet gray rather brown incrustations; subcutis hyphae 3.0-9.6 pm than brownish gray pileus, lamellae that stain pinkish diam, cylindric to slightly inflated, parallel; with brown in age, a more strongly farinaceous to cu- punctate, zebroid or flare-like hyaline incrustations cumbery odor, and an association with rather or punctate, zebroid or plaque-like brown incrusta- than pines. Micromorphologically, the two are nearly tions. Pileus trama hyphae 2.4-19.0 pm; cylindric indistinguishable. Tricholoma portentosum has slightly near the pileipellis, inflated elsewhere, hyaline, larger spores and lacks cheilocystidia, but the cheil- smooth, mostly parallel. Lamellar trama hyphae 2.8- ocystidia of 7: gm'seouiolaceum ar-e often collapsed and 21.0 pm; cylindric to inflated, hyaline, smooth, par- difficult to observe. Tricholoma gmseouiolaceum may allel. Stzpe hyphae 2.4-14.0 pm, cylindric to some- also be confused with 7: mutabile, which also occurs what inflated, hyaline, smooth or with irregularly in California (see description below). thickened walls, parallel. Cauloqstidia absent. Clamp connections absent. Tricholoma mutabile Shanks sp noe FIGS.4-6 Habitat. Solitary to gregarious, associated with Qumus or Lithocarpus, December to February in Pileus 30-90 mm latus, viscosus, glaber, interdum rugu- coastal forests from Riverside County to Mendocino losus, subgriseus ad marginem albidus, maturitate cinereus; County, and low elevation Sierra Nevada forests. sapor et odor valde farinaceus. Lamellae et stipes albus, stipes basi subrubcsccns. Basidiosporae 5.8-7.7 X 4.3-5.8 p.m, el- Collections examined. USA. CALIFORNIA: Amador lipticae vel subglobosae. Cheilocysridia 26-43 X 8.2-12 km, Co, lone, 4 Feb. 1970, HDT 24748; Marin Co, Phoe- cylindrica \-el clavata, hyalina. Hyphae cuticulares pilei in nix Lake, 22 Feb. 1960, HDT 7558; Audubon Canyon matrice gelatinosa inclusar. H~~odermap\eudoparench\~- matica. Ranch, Pitcher Canyon, 15 Dec. 1975, Calhoun 386; Etymology. ,M7r tnbzle, changable. same location, 21 Jan. 1980, Calhoun 80-1457; Au- HOLOTYPE. USL4.CALIFORNL4: Yuba Co., Bullard's Bar dubon Canyon Ranch, Bolinas Fairfax Rd., 8 Dec. Recreation Area, Schoolhouse Campground. 17 Dec. 1993, 1984, Calhoun 84-3904; Marin Municipal Watershed K. iM. Shank3 424 (SFSU). District, Bon Tempe Lake, 27 Dec. 1983, R.E. Hailing Pileus 30-90 mm broad, broadly convex or plano- 4062 (Ny); 20 Dec. 1992, KlMS 328; Marin Municipal convex, with a broad or prominent umbo, center U7atershed District, Rock Creek Simmonds Trail, 31 sometimes depressed in age, margins down-turned, Dec. 1992, KWS 250; Marin Municipal Watershed often becoming uplifted and wavy or lobed in age District, Bon Tempe Lake,l2 Jan. 1993, IxiMS 363, (FIG.4); surface viscid, glabrous, rarely faintly tomen- &WS 364, I(MS 365; Tomales Bay State Park, near tose on the disc, often radially rugulose between the Shell Beach, 12 Dec. 1991, M.7: Seidl 3251; Mendo- disc and margin, pale warm gray (17B2, 14D2) or cino Co, Jackson State Forest, 2 Dec. 1961, Peters 723; pale violet gray (9D3-9C2) on the disk, progressively Riverside Co, LAMS Foray, 7 Feb. 1981, H.E. Bigelow paler towards the margin with irregular darker gray 15674 (NY); San Mateo Co, San Francisco Water- streaks; margins white; pileus darkening in age to shed, 22 Dec. 1963, HDT 11191; 6 Jan. 1967, HDT dark gray (9F4) or medium gray (9E3, 7D2) with vi- 18357; 31 Dec. 1968, HDT 23132; Santa Barbara Co, olet tones. occasionallv with vellow brown (4B4) ar- Los Padres National Forest, Fremont Campground, eas, inargin remaining silvery gray to white; context 28 Jan. 1967, HDT 18558; Lake Cachuma, .5 Jan. white, grayish in age or when waterlogged, very thin, 1983, HDT 45670; Orcut Hill nr Santa Maria, 2 Feb. taste and odor strongly sweet farinaceous or reminis- 1988, HDT 51476; Los Padres National Forest, Fige- cent of grapefruit. roa Campground, 31 Jan. 1993, KMS 371; Santa Cla- Lamellae sinuate, thin, close, white, discoloring ra Co, Huy 9, Saratoga, Skyline to Sea Trail, 1 Feb. pale golden brown (5D47) in age. 1987, HDT 51190; Santa Cruz Co, Boulder Creek, 9 Stipe 50-100 X 9-25 mm, equal or slightly clavate, Dec. 1962, HDT 9701; 18 Jan. 1967, HDT 18541; 30 base abrupt; surface dry, silky fibrillose, white, dis- Dec. 1970, HDT 27067; Tuolumne Co, Huy 120, coloring pale golden brown (325) with handling; Moccasin Creek Recreation Area, 27 Jan. 1979, HDT context solid or hollow, white or watery gray, base of 39354; HDT 39357; Yuba Co, Bullard's Bar Recrea- stipe dull pink or pale orange. Basidios~ores5.8-7.7 X 4.3-5.8 pm (2 = 6.6 2 0.52 Tricholo7na pseoviolacn~malso lacks a pseucloparen- X 5.1 ? 0.40 pm; E = 1.1-1.6; Q = 1.3 + 0.10; n = chymatous hypodermium and has narrower spores. l61/8 collections); globose to broadly elliptic, hya- The inaterial collected in C;alifol-nia matches line, smooth, inamyloid (FIG.5). Basidin 33-40 X 7.2- Smith's (1944) description of Tricho1o)nnportentosc~m 9.6 pin, 4 spored, clavate. Cheilocystidia 26-45 X 8.2- var. az~ellan~zfolium(Xfurrill) A. H. Snl. very \$.ell, but 12 pni; cylindric, clzate, or broadly clavate, llyaline. lie described the spores as smaller tllarl repot-tetl thin-~ralledor slightly thick-\\.ailed (FIG.6). Pilripellis here. My measurements of basidiospores from an ixocutis; rpitrltis hyphae 1.9-5.8 pm diarn, cyliri- Smith's collections deterrnined as T ,tjortpntotutr~rar. dric or collapsed, parallel to loosely interwoven in a civellnniejoliuvn are the sarne size and shape as spoi-rs gelati~lousmatrix, hyaline 01. \vith granular brown fro111 the California collections. Snlith's collections contents, smooth; psrudo~nr~tlrlijtnnto7i~shj@odmmium car1 not be corisidered a variety of 7: portr7/tosutn; the hyphae 9.6-29 pm diain, inflated to nearly iaodia- prexmce of a psel~dopat-et~cliyrnatous1iypotlt.rrnium metric, hyaline or yellow brown, thin- or thick-~ralled, allies the material collected by Smith with others in smooth, occasional plaques of dark pigment present, stirps I,uteo~nar.ulosz~~r[see Ovrebo (1986) for rle- particularly near pileus context. Pileus tmrncl l~yphae scriptions of other species in this stirps]. Exa~ninatiotl 2.4-8.6(-14) pin cliarn, cylindric to solne~vhatinflat- of the holotype of 7i-icholot~~crc~-i)rllnnuifolilt rn (MLII.- ed, mostly parallel, hyaline or pale yellow brown, thin rill) l~lurrill,upon which T portrrztosutn var. (17l~ll{i- or slightly thick-walled, s~nooth.Lnrnellnr trnrnn h!-- n~zfoliunzmust be based, has shown that the basidia phae 2.4-14 pm diam, cylindric to sonie\vhat inflat- contain car rnlnoph~lo~isgranules, indicdting tlint thc ed, parallel, hyaline 01- with refractive contents. ttiin- liolot~peis not ,I. Trzcholorncr species, hut 1s most Ilkel\ walled, smooth. Stip~trarnu hyphae 2.4-1 4 diam, a spec~esof L\oplz?lllunz P. Karst. It therefole become\ cylindric to inflated, parallel, hyaline, sniootli. Cm- llecessair to propose a riel\ name for the tllntcl tnl loqstidia present as t-ecurved hyphal tips at stipe tletel m~nedb~ Smith (1944) as I' f~ortrntosu~n\nr apex, 29-34 X 4.8-7.2 pm diarn, cylindric to clavate, civ~lla~/rzfolzu771 often flexuous, in clusters or as a turf, hyaline or with hyaline granular contents, thin-walled or slightly thick-walled and refractive, smooth. Clamp connec- Tricholoma nigrurn Shanks et O\rebo, sp. no\. tions absent. FIG\. 7-9 Habitat. Scattered to gregarious in mixed ever- Pileus 35-1 00 mm latus, humidus, centrun1 fihrillosua, al- green forest, December to January, coastal mou~ltains ibi glabel- et saepe rugulosus. primitus schistaccus. dein and foothills of the Sierra Nevada. atroschistaceua: sapor- et odor valde farinaccus. L,aniellae al- bae, inargine aliquando nigrescentes. Stipes albus, ?qua- Coll~ction.\c~xnrni~7rrl.USA. CXIJFORNIX: hlarin Co.,Au- dubon Can>-onRanch, ahox-? \i)lunteer Canyon. 27 Uec. mulis nigris apice saepe instructis. Basidiospol-ar 6.7-8.6 X 4.8-3.8 pil, ellipticae. Cheilocystidia 23-35 X 9-13 Frn, cl;~- 1981. Calhozrt~81-2947 Humboldt Cia., Tish Tang Camp- rata, liyalina \-el fusca. Hyphae cuticlrlarcs pilci in matrice ground. 6 Sov. 1971, DLL 5261 (HSC): Sonoma (h..Salt gelatinosa irlconspicua iiiclusar. Hypoderma pse~~doparen- Point State Park, :i Jan. 1995, KLIS 351; 9 Jan. 1993. E;\.IS chymatica. 358; M~baCo.. Bullard's Bar Recreation Area, Schoolhouse Etjn~olog~.,Vip-u,tl, blackish coloration. Campground, 28 Dec. 1993, KJlS 42N: K\lS 429. \.V.iSH- HOLAOT\'PE. VSh. OREGON: Tillainook (:o., off of INGTON. Clallam (:o., Olympic National Park, Olympic Three (:apes Scenic Road, between Sandlake and (:ape Hot Springs, 8 Oct. 1941, AHS 17728 (MICH): 1 I Oct. Lookor~t.22 Nov. 1984, C. I.. O.c~rrDo1758 (SFS1'). 1941, AHS 17804 (MICH); 1.5 Oct. 1941, .-iI-IS 17916

Pzlezts 35-100 n~~nbl oad, 1ounded-co111c rl hen Ioung, expand~ngto broadl~conkex to nearh plane, Discussion.-Tricholomn 'mutabilu is closely related to the edge decur\ed to straight, frequentlT \\a\~,oc- 7: jossmndii Bon, a European species, arld 7: tnnv casionalh lobed (FI~.7), su~face niolst to tack\, quettense Ovrebo, described from Michigan. The clenseh rnatted-fibrillose at the center, elsewllere gla- three species carinot be differentiated on the basis of brous but nith occasional scattered mlnute squarnu- rnicro~norphologicalcharacters, but 7: tnutabil~has a les, occas~onallT lirgnte In places, often ~ugulose darker pileus at maturity than either 7: jossmatzdii or u hen mature, I\ hen T oung dai h slate-gr a\ o\ ernll, 7: murquettms~,and has a stipe base that bruises pink- \\hen matule rnecliut~i da~kgraT ~klthedge Iightei ish. grar, occnsionall\ ~ithblack stleahs, \\hen o\er-ma- Tricholorna mutnbile is rnost easily confiised with 7: ture dlngT hror+nish gra\, context 2-12 tnm thtt h, g-n'.seo-r~iolaceum,tvhich has very similar coloratioil uh~teto let-! 11ght gra\, odor and taste strong11 fail- when young, but the pileus of 7: cgn~sroviolacrumis naceous. not radially rugulose, and is dark violet gray in age. I,amrllar deepl\ adrlevecl hen ro~ulg,stnuate RG.7. ?: nigrum (Ovrebo 1758). Basidiomata, approx. life size. when mature, entire but often becoming eroded, cells cylindric, smooth and thin-walled or with rough thin, close to subdistant, white, occasionally light gray yellowish brown to fuscous incrustations, hyaline or at the apex, discoloring blackish on edge or not. translucent-brown; pseudoparenchymatous hypoder- Stipe 75-150 X 10-30 mm, equal to subclavate, often mium barely distinguishable, of inflated cells 8-20 twisted or bent, the base rounded or abruptly ta- pm diam, frequently with brownish black plaque-like pered; surface silky-fibrillose with loosened surface incrustations giving the layer a gray to grayish brown fibrils, often with blackish squamules over upper half coloration. Pileus trama hyphae 5-25 pm wide, cylin- or near the apex, white, not discoloring, dingy buff dric near pileipellis, cylindric to somewhat inflated when older; context fleshy fibrous, solid or hollow, elsewhere, mostly parallel, hyaline or somewhat re- white. fractive, smooth, thin-walled. Lamellar trama hyphae Basidiospores 6.7-8.6 X 4.8-5.8 pm; (2 = 7.7 2 0.5 3-11 pm diam, parallel, cylindric, hyaline, the walls X 5.5 & 0.3 pm; E = 1.3-1.6; Q = 1.4 If: 0.1; n = slightly refractive, smooth, thin-walled. Stipe hyphae 2l/ 1 collection); elliptic, hyaline, smooth, inamyloid 3-15 pm diam, parallel, cylindric, hyaline, smooth. (FIG.8). Basidia 31-40 X 7-8 pm, clavate, 4spored, Caulocystidia present at stipe apex as recurved hyphal hyaline. Cha'locystidia 2345 X 413 pm; conspicuous tips, 1540 X 512 pm, solitary or forming pyramidal or inconspicous, often not projecting much beyond clusters, cylindric, cylindreflexous or clavate, hyaline the hyrnenium, clavate to broadly clavate, hyaline or to pale brownish gray, smooth, thin-walled; squamules occasionally opaque- or translucent-blackish, smooth, elsewhere on stipe formed from hyphal clusters, cells thin-walled (FIG. 9). PikipeUis an ixocutis; hyphae 2-5 pm wide, cylindric, heavily roughened and thick- =(-lo) pm diam, interwoven in a gelatinous matrix; ened with blackish incrustations that, when extensive, the matrix best developed on young basidiomes and render the the hyphae black and opaque. Clamp con- sometimes scarcely evident on mature specimens; nections absent. FIGS.8-13. Features of Tricholornn species. 8-9 7: nigrum (Owebo 17.38). 8. Basidiospores. 9. Cheilocystidia. 10-12. 7: myomyces var. qstidiotum (KMS 329). 10. Basidiomata. 11. Basidiospores. 12. Cheilocystidia. 13-15. 7: moseri (HDT 20127 & HDT 46079). 13. Basidiospores. 14. Cheilocystidia. 15. Basidiomata. Lines represent 15 mm for basidiomata, 10 km for basidiospores, 20 p,m for cystidia. Habitat.-Scattered under Pinus contorta Dougl. in line, smooth, inamyloid (FIG. 11). Basidia 26-33 X coastal Oregon. 6.2-7.2 pm; clavate, &spored, hyaline. Cheiloqstidia 19-38 X 8.2-12.0 pm; broadly clavate to sphaerope- Collectzons examined.-USA. OREGON: Tillamook Co., off dunculate, often septate, scattered to abundant, hy- of Three Capes Scenic Road, between Sandlake and Cape aline, smooth, slightly thick-walled (FIG. 12). Lookout, 22 Nov. 1984, Ovrebo 1 759. Pileipellis a cutis; hyphae 4.8-16 pm diam, cylindric Discussion.-Tricholoma nigrum is known only from to somewhat inflated, parallel, forming recurved fas- Oregon. The presence of a pseudoparenchymatous cicles, dark brown, rarelv hyaline, smooth or with hypodermium indicates this species belongs in stirps broken plaques of dark brown incrustations, thick- Luteomaculosum. liicholoma nigrum is distinguished walled; pseudoparenchymatous hjpodermium hyphae from other species in the stirps by the very dark gray 1448 pn~diam, highly inflated to nearly isodiamet- pileus, and very thin gelatinous layer of the pileipel- ric, hyaline or with plaques of dark brown incrusta- lis. Tricholoma mutabile , a related species that occurs tion between the cells, thin- or thick-walled. Pileus in the Pacific Northwest, also possesses a pseudopar- trama hyphae 3.8-16 pm diam, cylindric near pilei- enchymatous hypodermium, but has a pale gray pi- pellis, cylindric to inflated elsewhere, mostly parallel, leus when young, and discolors pink at the base of hyaline, smooth, thin-walled. Lamellar trama hyphae the stipe. 2.4-19 pm diam, cylindric to inflated, parallel, hya- line, smooth, thin-walled. Stipe hyphae 2.4-14 pm diam, cylindric to somewhat inflated, parallel, hya- Tricholoma myomyces (Fr.) Lange var. cystidioturn line, smooth; hyphae of partial veil 7.2-14 pm, slight- Shanks, var. no\: FIGS.10-12 ly inflated, appressed or interwoven, dark brown, smooth. Cauloqstidia absent. Clamp connections ab- Differt a 7: myomjces var. mnyomyces a cheilocystidia sent. clavata. Habitat. Solitary to gregarious with Pseudotsuga Etymology. C~stzd~otum,possessing cystidia. menziesii Carr. (Douglas Fir) or in mixed woods, No- HOLOTYPE. USA. CALIFORNIA: San Mateo Co., Jasper vember through March, coastal forests froni Santa Ridge Biological Reserve, 26 Dec. 1992, K. M. Shanks 343 Cruz County northwards, and montane forests. (SFSU). Collections examined. YSA. CALIFORNIA: Del Norte Co., Pileus 17-60 mm broad, obtusely conic when Hwy 199 near Oregon border, 23 Oct. 1972, HDT30342 young, expanding to plane with a low broad umbo, Humboldt Co., Patrick's Point State Park, 25 Oct. 1992, the margins inrolled at first, becoming uplifted and fiM.5' 251; Marin Co., Alpine Lake, 16 Nov. 1975, HDT splitting in age (FIG. 10); surface dry, matted fibril- 35442; Audubon Canyon Ranch, above Pitcher Canyon, 23 lose to recurved fibrillose overall when young, be- Jan. 1981, Calhoun 81-1 796, 29 Nov. 1984, Calho~rn84- coming more appressed radiating fibrillose in age, 3901; Audubon Canyon Ranch, Bolinas Ridge Rd., 27 Mar. but often retaining recurved fibrils and small squa- 1981, Calhoun 81-2280, Mt. Tamalpais State Park, Bootjack mules over the disc, nearly purple black, dark gray or Trail, 30 Dec.1991, ICMS 208; hlarin Municipal Watershed brownish gray (7-1lF3, 7E3-8E2) overall when young, District (MMWD). Rock Creek Simmonds Trail, 16 Nov. 1992, EMS' 281; 9 Dec. 1992, KM.5' 323; MMW, Borl Tem- becorning paler in age as the pale gray context is pe Lake, 20 Dec. 1992, KMS 326, E\.flS 32% I(;ZIS 340, exposed between the surface fibrils; context thin, 1- MMM.73, Bolinas Ridge Road, 31 Dec. 1992, KFIS 346; Men- 2 mm, white, pale gray near pileus surface; taste and docino Co., Jackson State Forest, 8 Jan. 1967, HD7' 18407; odor not distinguishable. 5 Nov. 1967, HDT 2143% 21 Nov. 1992, iCMS 283; 20 Nov. Lamellae sinuate, 4-10 mm broad, close to subdis- 1993, M.G. Wood 363; Nevada Co., HIIT 20, Skillman Camp- tant, thin, pale graj becoming whitish in age, occa- ground, .5 Nov. 1983, HDT 46873; San Mateo Co.,Sall Fran- sionally margins discoloring dark gray. cisco MBtershed, 21 Dec. 1964, HL)T 12033; 6 Jan. 1967, Stipe 25-60 X 412 mm; equal, occasionally with a HDT 18342; Santa Cruz Co., Boulder Creek, 30 Dec. 1964, slightly bulbous base; surface dry, silky fibrillose, whit- HDT 1204% 9 Dec. 1966, HD7' 18045; Siskiyou Co., Mc- ish, pale gray or silvery gray, discoloring yellow brown Cloud, 17 Nov. 1967, HD7' 21646; Shasta Co., Sweetbriar in age or where handled; context white or pale gray, Creek, 24 Dec. 1966, HDT 18212; Sonoma Co., Cleary Re- serve, 19 Dec. 1967, HDT 21806; Trinity Co., Hrq. 299 nr solid or hollow; partial veil a fugacious cortina pres- Weaverville, Trinity National Forest, 9 Nov. 1962, HDT ent on young buttons, leaving blackish fibrils at stipe 9396; HWT299 nr Big Bar. Trinitv National Forest. 17 Nov. apex. 1965. HDT 14273. " Basidiospores 3.8-8.6 X 3.45.3 Fm (2 = 7.2 i 0.52 x 4.4 t 0.40 pm; E = 1.3-2.1;Q = 1.6 t 0.16; n = Dzscusszon.-Tmcholoma myompces var. myomjces is rec- 197/12 collections); elliptic to narrowly elliptic, hya- ognized by its small stature, fibrillose to squamulose gray pileus, cortinate veil, pseudoparenchyn~atoushy- brown or hyaline incrustations; pseudoparenchynia- podermiuni, lack of cvstidia, and lack of a distin- tous hypodermiunl absent. Pilezis trarncz hyphae 2.4- guishable taste or odor. See Ovrebo (1989) and Bon 19 pm diam, cylindric to inflated, mostly parallel, hy- (1984) for a description of 7: myonlyres var. myomnyces aline or pale brown, smooth. Lamrllar. trclrna hyphac and related species. Tricholoma Tnjomjces van ~qstidi- 2.4-19(24) pm diam. cylindric to inflated, parallel, otum differs from var. rnjow1jce.s in the presence of hyaline, smooth. Stipr hyphae 2.4-19 prn diam, cylin- broadly clavate to sphaeropedunclllate cheilocystidia, dric near surface to inflated, parallel, h\,aline, but is otherwise indistinguishable. smooth. Caulocystidia 24-62 X 3.:%7."111; cy1irid1-ic Tncholoma mnjomjees var. cjstidiotum is the most to broadly clavate, often with strarlgulated apices, sol- common small, gray T7icholoma in mixed evergreen itary or in p!.ra~nidal clusters at stipe apex, li!,aiir~c or forests in the fall in California, particularly in asso- dark brown, occasionally with hyaline granular con- ciation with Pseudotsuga nz~rzziesii(Douglas Fir). Tn- tents, smooth. Clarrip connections absent. choloma tprreurn (Schaeff.:Fr.) Kunirner is the name Habitat. Solitary to caespitose under conifers, par- most commonly applied to collections of 7: rrljo'rnjces ticularly Abies magrzz'jica A. Murr. (Red Fir) in the in California, but to my knowledge 7: terrezirn does Sierra Nevada mountains, or Pinus hnrtu~ip'iLindl. not occur in California. Tricholoma mosen' Singer is in Mexico, often in tlisturbed soil or- near melting comrnon in montane regions in the spring, but oc- snor\., Ma)- to hugl~stin niontane regions, rarely from curs rarely in coastal forests. Trirholorna mospli is dis- October to January in montane and coastal regior~s. tinguished from 7: mjomycrs by the lack of a partial veil and lack of a pseudoparenchyn1ato~1shpoder: I;oll~c.tio~~srxarninrd. b1EXIC:O. I)ISTRI<:T FEDERALES: tnium. Paso de Cortes, 23 July 1969, Sir~grr,118521 (HOL,C)T\rPE. F). LISA. CAI.IFORNIA: Alpine Co., Alpine lake (:amp- gl-ourid, 24 11ay 1966, IIL)?' 16571; Blue Lakes, I0 ,]uric Tm'choloma moseri Singer, Beih. Sydowia 7: 17. 1973. 1966, HD7' 16931; Brrckon 438: HI? 108 nr Clal-k Fork, Frcs. 13-15 27 JLII~~1967. HUT 1988Q Apine Lake, 3Aug. 1982, H117' Pileus 20-45 liim broad, campanulate when young, 44797; 20 Xug. 1983, H1)T 46043; 26 .\ug. 1983, ti1)'l' becoming broadly convex to plane, rarely urnbonate 46146; .hador (;o.,Silver Lake. 9 June 1966, HIM 16905; (FIG.15); surface dry, woolly tomentose overall when Hi? 88 E of Silver Lake. 12 Julv 1967. HLj7' 20127 ':H\\T. young, remaining so over the disc, appressed radiat- 88, (:arson Spur. 20 June 1986. H117' 49951; H\r\ 88 rat area. 10 mi \'V of Sil~erLake, 14 \la) 1988, HU7' 51657; ing fibrillose to minutely squarnulose overall, the sur- (;alaveras Co.. HN?- 4 nr Devils ktchen. \'ism Point, 28 >la! face often splitting radially to reveal the whitish con- 1966, HD7' 16745;El Dorado Co., Crystal Basin Recreation text, margin inrolled and heavily bearded when *Irea, 27 May 1978, HI17'38; Fresno Co., Huntington l>;rke, young, a cobweb of white fibrils remaining on the 2.5 Aug. 1983, HD7' 46072 Humboldt Co., Six Rivers Na- margin in age; grayish brown (8F3-4, 8-7D3), to tional Forest. Big Hill Rd, RIill Creek Lakes Trail. 18 51ay blackish, the rnargin often paler; context white to 1973, ULL 5403 (HSC;); 26 .\.lay 1973, I)LL 5919 (HSC:): 1 gray taste and odor not noticeable to farinaceous. June 1973, 7: J. Baroni 1306 (HSC:); Lassen Co., Lassen Lamellae sinuate, 2-5 mni broad, close to subdis- \i>lcanic Sational Park, 23 June 1965, HD7' 1271 7; 1 ,July tant, thin or thick, pale gray to gray spotting dark 196.5, H11T 12897; hladera Co., ksemite National Park. 21 gray or blackish. June 1967, H1)T 19775: .\larin Co., Pt. Keyes Kational Se;l- Stipe 20-60 X 5-11(-18) rnm, equal, occasionally shore, 1,imantour- Ridge. 3 Dec. 1993, FL,\.lIS 414: >la]-iposa with a slightly bulbous base, surface dr); silky fibril- (h.,Ibsemite Sational Park, Glacier. Point Rd. 20 Junc lose, pruinose at apex, white to very pale gray, cortina 1967, HU7' 19714: Sierra Co., Yuba Pass, 13 June l96i. absent; context whitish to pale gray, solid. H117' 19532: I9 June 1982. HUT 44477; \Yeher Lake Kd, 4 rrii S of' Yuba Pass, 26 June 1986, H117' 50020: :iJulie 1989, Basidios~ora7.2-10.6 X 3.8-5.8 pnl (x = 8.3 -t 0.73 HU7' 52095; SFSU Field Campus, 6 June 1993, li1l.S 376; X 4.6 20.40 pnl; E = 1..?-2.4; Q = 1.8 L 0.18; n = fit\' 377; 7 June 1993. hl,\f. 3KO; KLlS 381; h7.Ll.Y 382: 366,' 16 collections), elliptic to narrowly elliptic, hya- Haskell Peak Rd, 9 June lt)93, KL1S 383; Siskiyo~~(;o., >It. line, smooth, inamyloid (FIG.13). Bnsidia 31-43 X Shasta, 1 June 1969. H117' 23481; 3,lune 1970, t3117' 25382 6.7-8.6 pm, clavate, 4spored, hyaline. Chriloqstidia 29 May 1972, HI17. 2857% 17 June 1980, HUT f 10% .5 21-57 X 3.8-19 pm, not present in all collections, cla- ]une 1988, HD7' 5169(i; Tehama (:o., h\\? 89, 20 rlii S of vate to broadly clavate, often with a strangulated I.assen Volcanic National Park, 2 July 1982, H117' 4461 1; apex, hyaline or fuscous, somewhat thick-walled (FIG. Tuolurnne Co., Yosernite Sational Park, Tuolumne (;I-o\e. 14). Pzleipellis a cutis; hyphae 2.4-24 ~nldiarn, cylin- 22 June 1967. HU7' 19810; Pinccres~Lake, 2.5 Oct. 1975. dric to inflated, parallel, forming recurved fascicles; I<. 1:. H(~llit~g996; Pinecrest, 17 May 1980, H117' 40810: pale brown to dark brow-11, rarely hyaline, srnooth HI\? 108, 2 mi E of Long Barn, 16 Oct. 1982. H117' 45137 and somewhat thick-walled, or with rough dark UT.IH. Grand Co.. L-a Sul Lltn., Gold Basin nr- >loat>. 13 Srp. 1969, HUT 23914; Summit Co., Uinta >Its.. Yellow broad, thin, close, white or pale cream (3A2), spot- Pine Campground, 18 June 1970, I-IDT 25478. ting brownish orange (6C6) to brown (6D5). ~tipe70-175 X 9-20 mm, equal or tapered slightly Discussion.-Trieholoma moseri is extremely common, towards the base; surface dry, silky-fibrillose, pruinose and can be quite abundant in the montane regions at apex; apex white and often remaining so in age, of California in the spring and summer. It is recog- hut no clearly defined annular zone present; stipe nized by its small stature, minutely squamulose dark ciarkening fi-om the base upwards, brownish orange brownish gray pileus, pale gray lamellae, white stipe, (6C7) 01-yellowish brown (5B6), dark brown (6F- and lack of a cortina. Micromorphologicall): 7: mose-ri 7E7) at base when overmature; context white, buff to lacks a pseudoparenchymatous hypodermium, al- brownish orange at base at maturity, solid or hollo~v. though the hyhae of the pileipellis are somewhat Basidiospores 3.3-7.7 X 3.8-3.8 prn (2 = 6.3 2 0.53 inflated, and the basidiospores are long and narrow X 4.5 1 0.37 pm; E = 1.2-1.8; Q = 1.4 ? 0.12; n = relative to those of other Tricholoma species possess- 101/5 collections), elliptic to narrowly elliptic, ing a similar stature. Cheilocystidia were not ob- smooth, hyaline, iilamyloid (FIG. 16). Bnsidia 28-43 served in every collection. They are most common in X 5.76-7.2 pin, &spored, clavate. Cheiloqstidin 30-62 collections with somewhat contorted lamellae, and X 2.43.4 prn, filiform, some with strangulated tips, may be the result of arrested development of the la- scattered, extending beyond hymenium, hyaline with mellae. refractive contents, smooth (FIG. 17). Pileipellis an Trirholoma moseri is most closely related to 7: scalp- ixocutis; epicutis hyphae 2.4-7.2 prn diani, cylindric, turatum (Fr.) Qutlet, which also lacks a pseudopar- loosely interwoven in a gelatinous matrix, hyaline, enchymatous hypodermium and has narrowly elliptic some with hyaline or pale brown refractive contents, spores. Tricholoma scalpturatz~moccurs in the fall, is pigment dissolving in KOH, smooth: subcutis hyphae paler than 7: mos~ri,and has a cortina when young. 3.4-9.6 ym diam, cylindric to slightly inflated, rnostly Other species with which T mosPri may be confused parallel, hyaline, smooth or with fine to rough hya- include 7: myomyes var. qstidiotum, which occurs in line incrustations. Pi1eu.r tram0 hyphae 2.4-14 pm the fall in coastal regions, and is distinguished by the diarn, cylindric to inflated, interwoven, hyaline, presence of a cortina when young, and microscopi- smooth. Larnellar tramn hyphae 2.4-12 pm diarn, cy- cally by the presence of a pseudoparenchymatous hy- lindric to inflated, parallel, hyaline, smooth. Stipiti- podermium. pellis hyphae forming a loose interwoven network, hy- Tricholoma moseri was first described from the up- aline, some with granular hyaline contents, smooth per limits of Pznus hartwegzi forest at 4100 m in the or with fine granular hyaline incrustations. Stipe tm- mountains of Mexico. To my knowledge, this is the 7na hyphae 2.4-12 pnl diam, cylindric to inflated, par- first report of this species from the United States. allel, hyaline, smooth. Cauloqystidiu present as re- curved hyphal tips at stipe apex, 14100 X 2.44.8 pin, 11. T7icholoma subg. Tricholoma sect. Genuina (Fr.) cylindric, in pyramidal clusters, hyaline, smooth. Kauffman, The Xgaricaceae of Michigan. 689. Clamp connectiosls absent. 1918. Habitat. Scattered to gregarious with Qu~rcusapi- folia Nte (Coast Live ), November to January Marin County southward. Tncholomn drjophilurn (Murrill) Murrill, Mycologia ColGrtions ~xclrninrd. CSX. (:AI,IFORNIA: Marin Co., 5: 223. 1913. FIGS. 16-18 Point Keyes National Seashore, Limantour Ridge, 1 Nov. 1992, Ki\f4S 25Z hlarin Municipal Watershed District, Bon Tempe Lake, 17 Dec. 1992, fiVIIS 325; 12 Jan, 1993, fiV1.5' 360; k"\LC 361; KrlS 362; San hlateo Co., San Bruno, 31 Pilez~s40-100 mm broad, obtusely conic at first, Dec. 1960, HD7' 8654; Huddard County Park, 16 Dec. 1982, becoming convex to broadly convex, a lo~+lbroad HIIT 45603 Mi~nderlichPark, 6 Feb. 1987, '\I. 'I:Seid~l umbo sometimes present, margins inrolled to down- 2224; Santa Barbara Co., Los Padres National Forest, Fige- turned (FIG.18); surface viscid, glabrous to innately roa Campground, 31 .Jan. 1993, K1.S 374; Santa Clara Co., radiating fibrillose, pale orange white (5-6A2) at first, Stanford Universin, 21 Jan. 1903,Jnm~r ,Il,hlztrf)lg27 (HO- I,OTIPE, XI'). darkening in irregular streaks and patches to brown- ish orange (6C5-D6) and finally more uniformly Dzseussion.-Tmrholoma drjophzlurn appears to be as- bi-own (6-7D7, 7E6) overall, margins lighter in col- sociated exclusivelt with Qumrus agnfoha. The tall oration and sometimes with watery spots; context stature and color changes of the pileus from pale white, taste and odor farinaceous. cream to brownish orange and finallv brown in age Lamellne adnate. sinuate or adnexed, 3-10 mm are distinctive characters in the field. Micromorphol- FIGS. 16-20. Features of Tricholoma species. 16-18. 7: dryophilum (KMS 325). 16. Basidiospores. 17. Cheilocystidia. 18. Basidiomata. 19-20. T mum'catum (KMS 407). 19. Basidiospores. 20. Basidiomata. Lines represent 15 mm for basidiomata, 10 km for basidiospores, 20 km for cystidia. ogically, the filiform cheilocystidia and weakly pig- are typically shorter in stature with a yellow instead mented hyphae of the pileipellis are distinctive. of white stipe apex. Tm'choloma ustale (Fr.) Kummer The basidiomata of Tm'choloma manzanitae Baroni occurs under oaks, but has a bitter taste and a more & Ovrebo also become more darkly pigmented at ma- fibrillose pileus that is reddish brown from the first. turity, but are associated with Arctostaphylos spp, and Tm'choloma nictitans (Fr.) Gillet also has a tall stature and farinaceous taste and odor, but has a dark red- pale brown, some with refractive brown contents, dish brown pileus, and a buff to dark dull brown smooth or more coinmonly with rough irregular or stipe. zebroid incrustations. Pileus trama hyphae 3.8-14 bm diam, cylindric and nearly parallel near pileipellis, cy- lindric to inflated and interwoven elsewhere, hyaline, Tricholoma muricatum Shanks, sp. nov. FIGS.19, 20 smooth. I,amellar trama hyphae 2.4-16 pm diam, cy- Pileus 40-1 10 mrn latus, viscosus, fibrillas radiantes lindric to inflated, parallel, hyaline, smooth. Stipe hy- exhibens, obsure badius, margine saepe breve costa- frthar 3.4-14 pm diam, cylindric near surface, cylin- tus: sapor amarus farinaceus, odor farinaceus. La- dric to inflated elsewhere, parallel, hyaline or surface mellae aurantiaco-albidae. Stipes apice aurantiaco-al- hyphae yellow brown, smooth. Cauloqystidia present bus, alibi brunneus, zona annularis distincta absens. as recurved hyphal tips arising from a loose network Basidiosporae 4.8-6.7(-7.2) X 2.9-4.3 pm, ellipticae. of hyphae on the stipe surface, 21-86 X 2.8-7.2 pm, Hyptlae cuticulare pilei incrustatae, in matrice gela- cylindric to narrowly clavate, in pyramidal clusters or tinosa inclusae. rarely solitary, hyaline, smooth. Clamp connections Etymolog?. :I-luricntu'm, associated with Pinus mu)<- absent. cata D. Don (Bishop pine). Habitat. Solitary to gregarious or caespitose under Pinus mdiata D. Don (Monterey Pine) and Pinus HO1,OTYPE. USA. CiU,IFORNIX: San Francisco Co., San muricata (Bishop Pine), coastal forests San Francisco Francisco State University. 14 Jan. 1993, K. M. Shanks 368 County northwards. (SFSU). Coll~ctionsrxnnzin~d.CS.4. C;V21FORNIA:Humboldt Co., Pibus 40-115 mrn broad, convex to broadly con- Hwy 101, 4 mi S of Trinidad, 11 Sox-. 1990, 1II)Z. 53387; vex, sometimes with a low broad umbo, margin in- Marin Go., Llud~~bonCanyon Ranch, Volunteer Canyon, 10 rolled at first, becoming down-turned, and finally Dec. 1982, c(~/houn82-354rY;Mendocino Co.,Jackson State lobed and wavy in age, often short costate, at maturity Forest, 18 Nol: 1979, H1)Z' 40402 24 Sov. 1979, HDZ' pileus plane, the center sometimes slightly depressed 40474: 13 Kov. 1986, HDT 50854; 22 Nov. 1986. HDZ' (FIG. 20); surface viscid, becoming dry, often shiny, 50916 13 Nov. 1992, KiMS 270; ICZI.3 273; Van Danlme innately radiating fibrillose, streaked from the radi- State Park, figmy Forest Parking Lot, 13 Nov. 1992, EMS ating fibrils, dull reddish brown (7-8E-F5-6) on the 277 Sari Francisco Co., San Francisco State I!niversity Cam- disc, pinkish brown (683-4, 7D4) towards margin; pus, 1 Dec. 1964, HDl 17805;29 Dec. 1973, 1-107'32131; context white, odor not distinguishable or farina- 5 Jan. 1984, HDT 47252;12 Jan. 1992, fiLIIP 228; 14 Jan. ceous. taste farinaceoc~sor bitter farinaceous. 1998, ELbf.3 368; 14 Oct. 1993, KZIS 448; 7 Nov. 1993, K8:MS 407; San Francisco Presido, 5 Dec. 1974. Fordham s.11.; Lamrllae sinuate, 8-13 mm broad, close, thin, buff Parkmerced. 4 Jan. 1978, HD7' 38475. (near 42) at first, rapidly orange white (5-6,42), dis- coloring brown (6F5), often marginate. Disc7~ssion.-Tricholoma rr~z~ricatumis characterized Sfipe 30-80 X 10-25 mm, equal or tapered slightly by orange-white lamellae, a brownish orange stipe towards the base, stipe base often sttbradicating; stir- and an innately radially fibrillose pileits that becomes face drv, silky-fibrillose with irregular belts of re- lobed and wa\..v in age. The pileus often has short curved fibrils, pruinose and concolorous with lamel- costa on the margin. Micromorphologically, the pi- lae at apex, stipe overall becoming brown to brown- leipellis hyphae are strongly incrusted, and the in- ish orange (6C-E3), darkening from the base up- crusting pigments tend to dissolve in KOH. The ba- wards or bruising with handling; context whitish, sidiospores, which are small and narrow relative to solid or 11ollo~-. those of other brown viscid Tkicholonza species, are Ba,sidiosporrs4.8-6.7 (-7.2) X 2.9-4.3 pm (2 = 3.8 t also distinctive. The taste and odor are somewhat 0.50 X 3.6 i 0.3 prn; E = 1.3-2.3; Q = 1.6 -+ 0.18; variable, but are never strongly farinaceous, and the n = 149/12 collections) ; elliptic to narrowly elliptic, taste often has a slightly bitter component. hyaline, smooth, inamyloid (FIG. 19). Basidia 2436 Tricholoma muricatum has been confused with 'I: X 4.8-6.2 pm; 4sporrd, clavate. Hjmenial gstidin ah- pessundatum (Fr.) QuClet, a European species asso- sent. Pileip~llisan ixocutis; epicutzs hyphae 2.4-7.2 ym ciated with pines. Tricholoma pessundatum has smaller diarn. cylindric, loosely interwoven or mostly parallel spores (45 x 2.5-3 ym), and a hypodermium of in- and repent, hyaline or pale brown, or with refractive flated hyphae. Tm'cholornn stnns (FI-.)Sacc. is a closely brown contents, smooth or with hyaline punctate to related species with pinkish lamellae that occurs with zebroid incrustations in KOH, incrustations hyaline pines in Europe, but it is described as having a more or dark brown in H,O; hypodmmiunz absent; subcutis slender st.ature, and the pileus lacks a costate margin. not always distinctive, hyphae 4.8-7.2 pm diarn, cylin- The pileipellis hlphae of 7: stans lack the strong in- dric to slightly inflated, mostly parallel, hyaline to crustations seen in 'I: mumcatum, and are only weakly gelatinized. More complete descriptions of T pessun- imens: F. HSC, IB, MICH, NE; SB,and TRTC. This re- datum and 7: stans may be found in Bon (1984). search Tvas supported in part by an H. D. Thiers scholarship. Thanks to Clark Ovreho, Gar!- Samuels, Roy Halling and an annonynious reviewer for helpful comments on the manll- 111. Tmcholoma, subg. Contextocutrs, sect. C,'ontrxtorlitzs scrip[. Ilr. TV. Culherson was of invaluable assistatlce in the Singer, hnl. Mvcol. 41: 70. 1943. ivriting of the latin diagnoses.

Tricholoma vernaticum Shanks, norn. no\: iirtnzllancr olrdcr Tll~era& Sundber g, Madrono 23. 54 1 1976, non 7i-ctholorna olzdurn \'Plen . I920 Baroni, T. J., and C:. 1.. Ovrebo. 1983. 7?icholomc1 mnnmn- itae a new species from California. ;Vlpcotaxon 18: 299- 302.

> Bon, M. 1984. Lrs 7iicholomr.c d~ Frc~nc.~rf ~EIL~O~P orrid~n- lm'cholo?na uunaticum is a common species in the talr. Lechevalie~;Paris, France. 324 pp. spring in the Sierra Nevada. It is characterized by a Kol-nerup.A.. and J. H. Mlanscher. 1978. ,Ilrthurn handbook strong cucumber odor, a moist white to gray pileus of colou~:3rd ed. hlethuen & Co. I.td.. 1.ondon. En- and an often inconspicllous membranous annulus. gland. 233 p. 'The combinatiorl of clainp connections and inter- hlurrill. TV. A. 191 3. The Agaricaeae of the Pacific (hast- woven pileipellis hyphae place 7: 7~~rnnticumin sub- IY. New species of (:litoqh~and lbfrlar~olr~rcc~.;V&colocqcl genus Cont~xtocutzs. 5: 214-223. Thiers and Sundberg (1976) maintained a rather Ovrebo. C:. 1.. 1986. Three nelv species of 7iicl7olon1n!tit11 broad concept of Armillaria when they described A. a descriptiorl of Tricholomn Inteornaculostrm. ,21ycolog-io 78: 418-425. olida, and irlcluded species possessirlg a white spore . 1989. Tn'choloma, subgenus Triclroloma, section Al- print, attached lamellae, and partial veil forming an hidog7i.cm: Sorth American species found principally in annulus. However, the type species of Ar~nillarinis the Great Lakes region. Canad. J Bot. 67: 3134-31.52. now considered to be A. mellea (\'ah. ex Fc) Kur~lmer Shanks, K. 11. 1994. .A systematic study of' 77irholotr1ni11 (Wtling et al., 1982), and Armillaria is restricted to Califhrnia. A'i.Li.Thesis, San Francisco State Llniversit!. wood-rotting species that form black rhizomorphs. San Francisco, Califbrnia. 207 pp. The rnycorrhizal species with inamyloid spores for- Singer. R. 1986. 7%~Agn~iccrlr~ in moclrrn tcrxoliotn), cd. 1. merly included in ArmillaM'rr by sorne authors are Koeltz scientific Books, Koenigstein. 981 p. now more properly placed in Tricholorna. The older Smith, A. H. 1944. I'nusual North ~i~nericanagarics. .lrt~~t: name of Tricholotna olidurn Vklen. necessitates the ~Ifidl.Aintutizlist 32: 669-698. Thiers, H. D., and Ti.. J. Sundher-g. 1976. .lrmilla~-ia(Tri- erection of a new name for A. olida. cholomataceae, .Agaricales) in the Western L'nited States including a new species from Califi~rnia..Iladro- rio 23:448-433. M'atling, R., G. .A. Rile, and S.41. Gregory. 1982. The genus I thank Dennis Desjardin for advice and encouragement. Armillarm: nomenclature, typification. the identity of' Mark Norton, Nathan Wilson and Harry Thiers for sharing .-lrtr~illnrin n~rllrcl and species differentiation. 7i-nt1.\. collections, and the following herbaria for the loan of spec- Brit. :2l,ycol. Soc. 78: 2'71-28.5. http://www.jstor.org

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You have printed the following article: New Species of Tricholoma from California and Oregon Kris M. Shanks Mycologia, Vol. 88, No. 3. (May - Jun., 1996), pp. 497-508. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0027-5514%28199605%2F06%2988%3A3%3C497%3ANSOTFC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K

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Literature Cited

The Agaricaceae of the Pacific Coast: IV. New Species of Clitocybe and Melanoleuca William A. Murrill Mycologia, Vol. 5, No. 4. (Jul., 1913), pp. 206-223. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0027-5514%28191307%295%3A4%3C206%3ATAOTPC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8

Three New Species of Tricholoma with a Description of Tricholoma luteomaculosum Clark L. Ovrebo Mycologia, Vol. 78, No. 3. (May - Jun., 1986), pp. 418-425. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0027-5514%28198605%2F06%2978%3A3%3C418%3ATNSOTW%3E2.0.CO%3B2-W