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Upgrading of Fire Safety in Nuclear Power Plants

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Upgrading of Fire Safety in Nuclear Power Plants III • XA9847498 - IAEA-TECDOC-1014 Upgrading of fire safety in nuclear power piants Proceedings of an International Symposium held in Vienna, 18-21 November 1997 IAEA April 1998 29- 31 The IAEA does not normally maintain stocks of reports in this series. However, microfiche copies of these reports can be obtained from IN IS Clearinghouse International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramerstrasse 5 P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria Orders should be accompanied by prepayment of Austrian Schillings 100, in the form of a cheque or in the form of IAEA microfiche service coupons which may be ordered separately from the IN IS Clearinghouse. IAEA-TECDOC-1014 Upgrading of fire safety in nuclear power plants Proceedings of an International Symposium held in Vienna, 18-21 November 1997 W&jlf n r\ INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY uLf-\ The originating Section of this publication in the IAEA was: Engineering Safety Section International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramer Strasse 5 P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria UPGRADING OF FIRE SAFETY IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS IAEA, VIENNA, 1998 IAEA-TECDOC-1014 ISSN 1011-4289 ©IAEA, 1998 Printed by the IAEA in Austria April 1998 FOREWORD The lessons learned from experience in nuclear power plant operation indicate that fires in nuclear power plants pose a real threat to nuclear safety and that their significance extends far beyond the scope of a conventional fire hazard. Considerable progress has been made over the past two decades in the design and regulatory requirements for fire safety, in fire protection technology and in related analytical techniques. Substantial efforts have been undertaken worldwide to implement these advances in the interest of improving fire safety in both new and operating nuclear power plants. Particular attention is being given to those nuclear power plants that were designed and constructed according to earlier fire protection standards. Systematic examination of the fire safety of these plants is needed in order to identify the existing deficiencies and to implement appropriate corrective measures. To assist in these efforts, the IAEA has initiated a project devoted to fire safety. The project, which commenced in 1993, concentrated mainly on the development of guidelines for examining, item by item, the adequacy of overall fire safety arrangements for a plant. This Symposium was intended to provide further assistance in enhancing the fire safety of operating nuclear power plants. It served as a forum for the exchange of practical experience in the systematic assessment of fire safety at nuclear power plants and in the backfitting process. Various aspects of the upgrading of fire safety at nuclear power plants were discussed during the Symposium, the second of its kind organized by the IAEA. The Symposium covered all relevant elements of the upgrading process: identification of fire safety related deficiencies, the search for the most appropriate corrective measures, and implementation of selected engineering or organizational solutions. Various reviews of fire protection measures, a systematic analysis of fire safety at nuclear power plants, reporting and assessment of fire related incidents and related databases, the regulatory approach to fire safety backfitting, and the lessons learned from the implementation phase were the most important topics covered. The IAEA is grateful to all those who helped to prepare the meeting, define its scope and structure, select the papers and chair the sessions. It is hoped that the Proceedings will constitute an important source of information to all those concerned with reducing fire risk at nuclear power plants. EDITORIAL NOTE In preparing this publication for press, staff of the IAEA have made up the pages from the original manuscripts as submitted by the authors. The views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the IAEA, the governments of the nominating Member States or the nominating organizations. Throughout the text names of Member States are retained as they were when the text was compiled. The use of particular designations of countries or territories does not imply any judgement by the publisher, the IAEA, as to the legal status of such countries or territories, of their authorities and institutions or of the delimitation of their boundaries. The mention of names of specific companies or products (whether or not indicated as registered) does not imply any intention to infringe proprietary rights, nor should it be construed as an endorsement or recommendation on the part of the IAEA. The authors are responsible for having obtained the necessary permission for the IAEA to reproduce, translate or use material from sources already protected by copyrights. CONTENTS FIRE SAFETY REVIEWS (Session 1) The necessity of periodic fire safety reviews (IAEA-SM-345/30) 3 D.S. Mower Fire protection assessment in a WANO peer review (IAEA-SM-345/26) 7 R. Vella Some insights from fire risk analysis of US nuclear power plants (IAEA-SM-345/27) .... 17 M. Kazarians, J.A. Lambright, M. V. Frank Overview of IAEA guidelines for fire safety inspection and operation in nuclear power plants (IAEA-SM-345/28) 25 D.S. Mowrer Lessons learned from IAEA fire safety missions (IAEA-SM-345/29) 39 S.P. Lee FIRE SAFETY ANALYSIS: METHODOLOGY (Session 2) Fire safety analysis: Methodology (IAEA-SM-345/37) 49 M. Kazarians Fire risk analysis: A discussion on uncertainties and limitations (IAEA-SM-345/31) 55 M. Kazarians, S. Nowlen Research needs in fire risk assessment (Summary) (IAEA-SM-345/32) 65 N. Siu, J.T. Chen, E. Chelliah Fire PSA methodology (IAEA-SM-345/25) 69 M. Fukuda, T. Uchida, Т. Микае, М. Hirano The French fire protection concept. Vulnerability analysis (IAEA-SM-345/35) 77 M. Kaercher Pilot fire radius size and its variation regarding the uncertainty in fire risk assessment (IAEA-SM-345/2) 89 J. Argirov FIRE SAFETY ANALYSIS: APPLICATIONS (Session 3) A fire hazard analysis at the Ignalina nuclear power plant (IAEA-SM-345/1) 99 F. Jorud, T. Magnusson Анализ влияния пожаров и их последствий на безопасный останов энергоблока с реактором ВВЭР-1000 (IAEA-SM-345/9) 105 Г. Солдатов, В. Морозов, Г. Токмачев Сравнительный анализ опасностей обычного и натриевого пожара на АЭС с быстрым реактором (IAEA-SM-345/36) 127 В. Н. Иваненко, Д.Ю. Кардаш Panel I: Identification of deficiencies in fire safety in nuclear power plants 139 OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND DATA (Session 4) Operational experience and data (IAEA-SM-345/40) 145 M. Rowekamp Состояние дел в области пожарной безопасности на АЭС России — статистический анализ эксплуатационного опыта (IAEA-SM-345/39) 147 В.Н. Давиденко, В. И. Погорелое, Г.Е. Солдатов Development of a fire incident database for the United States nuclear power industry (IAEA-SM-345/38) 167 G Wilfc German data for risk based fire safety assessment (IAEA-SM-345/4) 173 M. Rowekamp, HP. Berg Estimation of fire frequency from PWR operating experience (IAEA-SM-345/6) 181 R. Bertrand, F. Bonneval, G. Barrachin, F. Bonino Criteria for classification and reporting of fire incidences in nuclear power plants of India (IAEA-SM-345/5) 189 R.K. Kapoor Risks of turbine generators at VVER-440 nuclear power plants (IAEA-SM-345/7) 199 T. Virolainen, J. Marttila, H. Aulamo Panel 2: Experience based data in fire safety assessment 219 FIRE SAFETY REGULATIONS AND LICENSING (Session 5) Fire safety regulations and licensing (IAEA-SM-345/43) 223 HP. Berg Fire safety regulations for nuclear power plants in Germany and the various dimensions of German KTA standardization activities. Is there a benefit today? (IAEA-SM-345/11) 229 R. Wittmann Technical methods for a risk-informed, performance-based fire protection program at nuclear power plants (IAEA-SM-345/41) 239 M.K. Dey Industry participation in the development of a risk-informed, performance-based regulation for fire protection at US nuclear power plants (IAEA-SM-345/42) 255 F.A. Emerson Регулирующая деятельность в области пожарной безопасности АЭС в Российской Феделации — законодательная база и опыт лицензирования (IAEA-SM-345/13) 263 В. И. Погорелое Деятельность Украинского регулирующего органа по обеспечению пожарной безопасности энергоблоков АЭС Украины (IAEA-SM-345/48) 273 Г. Ляденко General fire protection guidelines for Egyptian nuclear installations (IAEA-SM-345/12) 283 S.M. Rashad, A.Z. Hussein, F.H. Hammad UPGRADING PROGRAMMES (Session 6) Upgrading of fire protection arrangements at Magnox power stations in the United Kingdom (IAEA-SM-345/14) 295 L.H. Zhu Состояние пожарной безопасности на атомных станциях в Российской Федерации и техническая политика Минатома России в области пожарной безопасности (IAEA-SM-345/15) 301 В.А. Губанов, Н.И. Голов, Н.Н. Давиденко Fire hazard assessment of CANDU plants (IAEA-SM-345/47) 315 A. H. Stretch Safety improvements made at the Loviisa nuclear power plant to reduce fire risks originating from the turbine generators (IAEA-SM-345/8) 323 T. Virolainen, J. Marttila, H. Aulamo Upgrading of fire safety in Indian nuclear power plants (IAEA-SM-345/45) 331 N.K. Agarwal Updating of the fire fighting systems and organization at the Embalse nuclear power plant, Argentina (IAEA-SM-345/17) 345 C.F. Acevedo Cernavoda nuclear power plant: Modification in the fire protection measures of the CANDU 6 standard design (IAEA-SM-345/19) 349 V. Covalschi Integrated approach to fire safety at the Krsko nuclear power plant — Fire protection action plan (IAEA-SM-345/20) 355 J.A. Lambright, J. Cerjak, J. Spiler, J. loannidi Fire protection programme during construction of the Chashma nuclear power plant (IAEA-SM-345/18) 367 M. Mian Umer Optimization of extinguishing agents for nuclear power plants (IAEA-SM-345/23) 371 M. Boleman, M. Lipar, K. Balog CLOSING SESSION Current and future IAEA activities in the area of fire safety 379 M.J. Kulig Concluding statement 389 G. W Jones CHAIRPERSONS OF SESSIONS AND SECRETARIAT OF THE SYMPOSIUM 393 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 395 FIRE SAFETY REVIEWS (Session 1) Chairperson U.H.S.
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