April19, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7653 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS LIONS, LAMBS AND PEACE Arab-Israeli peace. Secretary of State James suited from "restraint" in our defense pro­ TALKS Baker speaks of the urgency of progress. grams or our making "concessions for The Bush-Baker team treat the conflict as a peace." promising project-that is, susceptible of The communist governments of Poland HON. TOM LANTOS diplomatic amelioration, if not solution at a and Czechoslovakia were a security threat. OF CALIFORNIA reasonable cost-if only Washington acts But no one in the West views the Solidarity IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES quickly to prevent Israel from further con­ government of Poland or the Havel govern­ Thursday, April19, 1990 solidating its hold on the territories. ment in Czechoslovakia as a threat. And These assumptions require protection this is not because we have peace agree­ Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, the Middle East from inconvenient history. So administra­ ments with them. It is because of what we peace process is too often painted in colors tion policy makers have nothing to say know of their leaders' philosophies and that fail to portray the siege climate Israel has about such questions as: Why the Arab principles and popular support. We feel continued to labor under. Israel knows that a world made war against the Jewish State secure regarding these countries not be­ lasting peace depends on lasting security, and before Israel acquired the territories? Why cause of any formalities but because they any peace plan that tries, as an act of good­ the Arab world rejected the Rogers Plan wish us no harm. itself when it was first offered? Why those At no time in the last 40 years would an will, to trade away strategic Israeli territory for states roundly rejected the 1947 UN Parti­ arms control or peace agreement with these an unsecured promise of peace, is doomed to tion Plan which would have afforded the East European countries have been more fail. Jews even less territory than they wound up easily attained and more likely to have been Mr. Speaker, I insert the full text of Douglas with after the War of Independence. And implemented in good faith than at present. J. Feith's article "Lions, Lambs and Peace why, during the 19 years <1948-67) in which Yet such an agreement, which the conven­ Talks" as it appeared in the Washington the territories were under Arab control, no tional wisdom deemed highly significant Jewish Week on March 22, 1990. Mr. Feith re­ attempt was made to create an independent and urgent just a few months ago, now ap­ minds us of the failed attempts blindly to trade Palestinian Arab state there? pears superfluous senters from the conventional wisdom-the concessions that weakened its defenses. Is­ that the problem requires urgent, high-level "hardliners"-argued that arms control, at rael's control of the territories is not, in my U.S. diplomatic attention, and devised a best, can make a marginal contribution to view, the cause of Arab hostility toward the "plan," invariably implying that Israeli's security. The key to peace, they said, is the Jewish State any more than Western troops continuing hold on the territories captured demise of the aggressive totalitarian ideolo­ and arms in Europe were the cause of East­ in 1967 is a-perhaps the-principle imped­ gy of our antagonists. The "hardliners" pre­ West tensions. ment to peace in the region. That these scription for peace was strong defenses com­ If anti-Israel ideology were tossed in histo­ plans invariably fail has never shaken the bined with pressure on the Soviet bloc in ry's dustbin, formal Arab-Israeli peace confidence of their proponents. the spheres of human rights and economics. agreements would be both attainable and The Nixon administration promulgated in For this they were denounced as unwilling unnecessary. But the converse of this propo­ 1969 the so called Rogers Plan, named after "to give peace a chance." sition has more immediate relevance: If Is­ the then-secretary of state. It advocated a As day after day communist leaders con­ rael's neighbors still want to see Israel virtual total withdrawal by Israel from the fess their oppression and aggressions and eliminated, then Israeli concessions may territories. Every U.S. peace plan since then admit their treaty violations, the "hard­ produce negotiated agreements but they has been, in essence, a variation on a theme liners" in the West have reasons to feel vin­ will not produce peace. by Rogers. dicated. Recent changes in the East bloc The essential question is not who should Like its predecessors, the Bush adminis­ have yielded enormous security benefits for negotiate or where or about what, but what tration brings more impatience than com­ the West, none of which to the credit of are the intentions of relevant powers. The prehension to the task of engineering an arms control or peace diplomacy. None re- Egyptian-Israeli negotiations produced a

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this tYpeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 7654 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April19, 1990 treaty because Sadat succeeded in convinc­ through rock-throwing or other means­ investment generated, and urban design and ing Israel that the Egyptian government no may serve to pave the way to a negotiated esthetic quality. longer aspired to destroy the Jewish State. peace. The Arabs have seen their military Ocean Drive completed the final stage of its He made the case that Egypt wanted to re­ attacks fail time and again. They have seen cover the Sinai but would not use the land their "oil weapon" exposed as a wooden improvement program that includes street re­ to launch aggressions against Israel. Egypt, sword. They have seen their intifada lose construction, sidewalk promenade and furnish­ as the most populous and powerful Arab steam and evolve toward what is called the ings, greenbelt park landscaping and beach state, was in a position to ensure that no "intrafada"-the killing of Arabs by Arabs. renourishment. The private sector rehabilita­ other state could exploit Israel's territorial They have seen Israel renewing diplomatic tion of historic inns and art deco hotels is well concession. relations throughout Africa and now East­ underway. Unfortunately, the Bush administration's ern Europe. They are now seeing a demo­ Presentation of the award will be made to efforts to promote negotiations between the graphic shift of strategic proportions in Is­ Neisen Kasdin as chairman of the Miami De­ Israelis and the Palestinian Arabs lack the rael's favor. One can only hope that at some ingredients of success in the Sadat-Begin point the great mass of people throughout velopment Corp. and to Tony Goldman as talks. The gravest deficiency is that the the Arab world will reject the failed and chairman of the Ocean Drive Association for PLO has the ability to dominate, directly or costly ideology of war against Israel the way the vital participation of the public and private indirectly, the Palestinian Arab participants the people of Eastern Europe have rejected sectors in this award winning project. and the PLO does not pass the good inten­ their own failed and costly ideology, I congratulate all who are involved in this tions test. For many reasons-the terms of project, on a project extremely well done. its so-called covenant, its history of target­ ing children and civilian men and women, TRIBUTE TO SENIOR CITIZENS and recent incidents -but in America no one will stop ronment. There are countless ways that each them from peaceably rallying their cause. fly coast-to-coast across America in a hot air individual can participate. Recycling paper, In short, as long as there is no immediate balloon-1973-setting six world records en­ planting a tree, using less energy, or buying danger to public welfare, we're allowed to route. He was honored as Aeronaut of the recycled products are all simple methods express ourselves in almost anyway we see Year in 1975. fit. And, if what we see fit includes rolling which protect the environment. Everyone can Forbes was named Motorcyclist of the Year down the hill of the Washington Monument by Motorcyclist magazine in 1987. In 1988 he educate themselves about the environment so exclaiming, "I'm free! I'm free!" in America that we have a better understanding of envi­ was named International Motorcyclist of the absolutely no one will question you. Year by the International World of Motorcy­ ronmental issues as they unfold. Why am I proud of this madness? Well, On Sunday, April 22, 1990, join the celebra­ living in America it is common for one to be cles. tion of Earth Day in demonstrating to the promenading along only to encounter a vari­ Forbes had written several books, the latest world our commitment in preserving this ety of people expressing theinselves, wheth­ of which-1988-is "They Went That-a-way planet. Become a team player and protect the er it be for a general cause or for their own. * * *." Other works include "Fact and Com­ environment. For this I am proud. Because in many re­ ment," "The Sayings of Chairman Malcolm," gimented societies, such as the Korean Soci­ "Around the World on Hot Air and Two ety, one is expected to express the views and Wheels," and "The Further Sayings of Mal­ ILIANA A. QUANDER-"WHY I AM feelings of the masses, rather then the indi­ colm Forbes. vidual. PROUD OF AMERICA" I have found that freedom of expression is Forbes received scores of honorary de­ not only a freedom, it is a right. Because to grees, was involved in many philanthropic ac­ HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY express one's self as an individual is to be tivities, was honored by leaders of many na­ OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA human. The woman who walks on all fours tions, and received dozens of awards for out­ and barks is just exercising her right to be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES standing service and achievement. human. The gentleman who would much Forbes was elected editor and publisher of Thursday, April19, 1990 rather date his shadow than one of his own Forbes magazine in 1954 on the death of his kind is only being human. father. Three years later he became editor-in­ Mr. FAUNTROY. Mr. Speaker, I want to pay This makes me proud. The fact that if one tribute to a young Washingtonian and Ameri­ day I suddenly decided to leave civilization, chief. In 1960 the magazine began a growth can who has recently won first place in the and live off the fruits of my labor, no one spiral that has continued unabated. District of Columbia contest and seventh except probably my father, will try to block His friends and country men will miss him place honors in the Voice of Democracy my intentions. greatly. 7660 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 19, 1990 A TRIBUTE TO ALAN STEINER Jersey. His vision guided the Governor's Ex­ priority in the 1990's for us all. The involve­ cellence Initiatives Program for New Jersey's ment of our corporate citizens, in public-pri­ HON. HAMILTON FISH, JR. colleges and universities. He has been a pre­ vate partnerships, is one way to expose our OF NEW YORK eminent leader in designing programs to keep children to advanced technology and prepare New Jersey competitive in the world market IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES them for our scientific and technological work­ by addressing rapidly changing technologies force. Thursday, April19, 1990 and sciences. At the same time, he has been On April 23, 1990, I will have the pleasure Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, I always have be­ a powerful force stimulating statewise interest of meeting with representatives of an innova­ lieved that people make the community, and in and concentration on the arts and human­ tive program that utilizes a variety of talents, that is true when you look at the life of Alan ities. resources, and expertise in such a public-pri­ Steiner of Peekskill, NY. On this occasion of his award, I extend my vate partnership. These partners are Merck For more than 15 years, Alan selflessly has congratulations to Dr. Hollander and wish him and Co. and the community of East Orange, devoted thousands of hours to serving the continued success and best wishes for the NJ. Merck & Co., a pharmaceutical firm head­ community he loves. His career is a shining future. quartered in New Jersey, and its employees example of an individual making a difference. have lent their time, talents and resources to Alan is a native New Yorker, growing in Ba­ A TRIBUTE TO SANDRA efforts established to help prepare our young tavia, NY, where he attended public schools. GONCALVES people for bright and productive futures. It is After graduation he headed West, where he the work of Merck's Dr. Cecil Pickett and Mr. earned a bachelors from Valparaiso University Ibrahim Sharif, an active member of the East in Indiana. He picked up a law degree from HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY Orange community, as well as countless vol­ the State University in Buffalo, and then OF RHODE ISLAND unteers, that will make the difference in the began his legal career at Westchester County IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lives of many of our young people. Legal Services. Thursday, April19, 1990 Mr. Speaker, New Jersey's 1Oth Congres­ He stayed there 7 years, working well into Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today sional District is truly fortunate to have good the night and many weekends for those who to recognize an outstanding student from my friends. I know my colleagues will want to join could not afford attorneys. community who has earned honors along with me as I thank Merck & Co. for being a good Alan's civic-mindedness has persisted. He her classmates for winning the 1990 Rhode corporate citizen and congratulate the volun­ has put in many hours on behalf of Legal Island State championship title in the bicen­ teers for jobs well done. Awareness of Westchester, formerly known as tennial of the Constitution and Bill of Rights Legal Awareness for Women. He sat on the competition. board of the Community Action Program for HONORING MR. EUGENE Sandra Goncalves, of North Providence, AI, MICHAEL CIANFLONE more than 15 years. To help the needy pay attends Bishop Keough High School in Paw­ for medical care, he helped start the West­ tucket, A I. This competition is held annually to chester Prepaid Health Services Plan. He also test students' general knowledge of the Con­ HON. BILL LOWERY has remembered the homeless by providing stitution as well as their ability to apply the OF CALIFORNIA legal help for the Family Resource Center, Constitution to contemporary issues. The stu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES chairing the Preservation Co. of the Peekskill dents were evaluated in three areas: Presen­ Thursday, April19, 1990 Area Health Center and serving on the tation, overall knowledge of the Constitution, Mr. LOWERY of California. Mr. Speaker, Hudson Valley Task Force for the Homeless. and application of the principles of the Consti­ rise today to call your attention to Mr. Eugene The list goes on. Alan Steiner is an individ­ tution. For Bishop Keough High School, this Cianflone, an outstanding citizen of San Diego ual who never tires of helping others. title was very special for the school finished who donates his time and talents to fellow For this, his community has said thanks. He second last year. Through hard work, com­ veterans at the local veterans hospital. has received the Pro Bono Service Award bined with the excellent guidance and prepa­ Mr. Cianflone is presently one of 960 volun­ from the New York State Bar Association for ration by her teacher, Ms. Carol Costa, Sandra teers who spend more than 150,000 hours the work he has done, at no cost, for individ­ and her classmates were able to achieve ex­ each year at the Veterans Medical Center. uals and organizations. He also has been cellence. Sandra and her classmates, along Not only does he bring love and compassion awarded the Spirit of Westchester Award for with Ms. Costa, will now travel to Washington, for the people he visits, but accompanied by making the Peekskill area a better place to DC, in May to compete in the national compe­ his bugle, he rekindles the memories of a time live. tition against teams from across the Nation. gone by. Whether it be a request for a military On Friday, May 18, the NAACP presents It is with great pleasure that I salute Sandra theme or a hometown favorite, Eugene Cian­ Alan with yet another honor, the Distinguished Goncalves and the members of Ms. Costa's flone knows them all. His music truly brightens Service Award. Being recognized by America's U.S. history class from Bishop Keough High the lives of those he serves. pre-eminent civil rights organization is a high School. Their outstanding knowledge of the But he does more than just perform. A vet­ distinction, and is richly deserved by Alan Constitution and its principles serves as a re­ eran himself, he combines a sympathetic ear Steiner. minder to us all about the importance of this with an understanding heart, offering comfort great document for all Americans. I would like and humor to the people who have valiantly to wish Sandra and her classmates good luck RECOGNIZING DR. T. EDWARD served our country. in national competition. HOLLANDER Over the years, Eugene has received some 1,000 commendations, 5 Presidential letters of HON. JIM COURTER EDUCATING OUR YOUTH WORK appreciation, and more than 30 local awards. OF NEW JERSEY FORCE Mr. Speaker, please join me in further honor­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing this hero for his exemplary service to the Thursday, April19, 1990 HON. DONALD M. PAYNE veterans of the United States. OF NEW JERSEY Mr. COURTER. Mr. Speaker, it is my pleas­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ure to congratulate Dr. T. Edward Hollander JASA on being the recipient of this year's New Thursday, April19, 1990 Jersey Pride Award for Education. Dr. Holland­ Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, HON. BILL GREEN er, the chancellor of the New Jersey Depart­ education in science, engineering, and mathe­ OF NEW YORK ment of Higher Education, has made impor­ matics is crucial to our country's economic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tant contributions to our State. future. We must have a capable scientific and The New Jersey Pride Award honors those technological work force to remain economi­ Thursday, April19, 1990 individuals who have made significant contri­ cally competitive in a global economy. Educat­ Mr. GREEN. Mr. Speaker, since its founding butions to their field and to the State of New ing our youth in these areas should be a top in 1968, JASA [Jewish Association for Serv- April19, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7661 ices for the Aged] has developed into a princi­ The outstanding dedication and inspired tant tool for State and local governments ef­ pal voluntary agency in New York providing support of Ruth Perelson and Carl Glick is forts in this area. This is particularly important comprehensive services for the elderly. With truly impressive. It is most fitting that they considering the fact that over the last 10 the goal of helping older adults to remain in should be honored on June 14, by JASA, the years the Federal Government has been shift­ the community, JASA operates 22 social work organization to which they have given their ing many of its burdens to State and local counseling offices, 26 senior centers, 8 hous­ unflagging energy, unique talent, and enthu­ governments, while financial assistance to ing facilities for the well elderly, plus an exten­ saiastic commitment. these groups-in the form of tax benefits or sive network of home care and community grants-has diminished sharply. To allow the services in New York City, Nassau, and Suf­ small-issue private activity bond program to SUPPORT THE USE OF TARGET­ folk Counties. JASA provides a place for older lapse would be unconscionable. In these ED TAX-EXEMPT FINANCING people to enjoy the benefits, as well as cope times of shifting burdens, such tax-exempt fi­ with the challenges of longer life. This year nancing tools will become more and more im­ JASA has assisted 62,000 elderly persons HON. LOUISE M. SLAUGHTER portant to local government. and their families. OF NEW YORK Tax-exempt financing has been used effec­ On June 14, JASA will celebrate 22 years of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tively in the 30th District of New York to fi­ outstanding service to the elderly with a gala Thursday, April19, 1990 nance public/private ventures, and to lever­ fundraiser. The event will be held in honor of age capital for job creating projects, not to Ms. SLAUGHTER of New York. Mr. Speak­ JASA President Ruth Perelson and Chairman mention the productive uses general obliga­ er, I rise today to introduce legislation extend­ Carl Glick. These dedicated individuals have tion municipal bonds have been put toward. ing the sunset provision for "small-issue" in­ provided JASA with exemplary leadership and The productive capacity of the American dustrial development bonds from September economy depends upon a reliable infrastruc­ have contributed much to the JASA success 30 of this year until December 31, 1995. I story. ture and the availability of capital to sustain strongly support the use of targeted tax­ As JASA's president, Ruth Perelson has that infrastructure. exempt financing to encourage economic de­ The limitations placed on tax-exempt bonds worked to increase community recognition velopment, and feel that the changes made and support for JASA's accomplishments. in the 1986 tax-reform legislation have added concerning the use of industrial development an element of responsibility and cost effec­ Through the public forums available to her­ bonds over the last several years have cre­ the press, radio, speeches at community oc­ tiveness to the use of such bonds, whether ated a targeted and viable program which de­ they be "private activity" or "general obliga­ casions-she has told the JASA story and has serves extension. been an effective advocate for senior citizens' tion." However, I do feel that the arbitrage In this era of shrinking Federal resources and refunding restrictions should be loosened needs. She has fostered a strong bond be­ we must target assistance to areas of greatest tween trustees, staff, and senior citizens­ and that the volume caps should be reevalu­ potential investment in our economic security. ated. These are matters of the larger debate those who serve as volunteers as well as In my view, the current law appropriately tar­ those who receive JASA's services. Under her on tax-exempt financing, but I feel that it is im­ gets the use of small-issue bonds to an area portant to raise these issues in the context of leadership, JASA has further expanded its which does the most for our economy and our services, giving priority to creating affordable this bill. people: the manufacturing sector. We are still the world's leading military housing with essential support services. Manufacturing is important for a number of Ms. Perelson's leadership in other areas of power, but our economic predominance no reasons, not least of which is the fact that it is longer exists. We need to redevelop our infra­ New York community life has been equally im­ a wealth creating activity, and one that is self­ pressive. Her affiliations include: Trustee and structure, and direct some of our efforts at perpetuating. Most innovations and technolog­ home. However, we need to address these former associate treasurer, Board of Jewish ical breakthroughs come as a part of the man­ issues in a targeted and cost-effective Education of Greater New York; delegate, Do­ ufacturing process. We must support efforts to manner. I feel strongly that this legislation is a mestic and Overseas Divisions Assemblies, retain our domestic manufacturing capabilities. step in the right direction. Continuing the tax UJA-Federation of Jewish Philanthropies of Although many argue that there is no problem exemption for small issue-bonds is a way of New York; personnel committee member, since manufacturing has maintained its per­ encouraging economic development from the Council of Jewish Federations; and former centage of contribution to GNP, the fact re­ grass roots in a fiscally responsible manner. trustee, Alumni Society of the Baruch School mains that the total number of people in­ of Business, City College of New York. During volved as a percentage of the work force has Women's History Mouth, April 1989, Ms. Per­ diminished, and too much of the actual pro­ SUPPORT A FREEZE BUDGET elson received the New York City Council duction of goods is moving overseas. This is President's Award for outstanding leadership. not an inevitable fact. It is happening because HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER Likewise, under Carl Glick's enthusiastic we allow it to happen. OF ILLINOIS leadership as chairman and former president Furthermore, if we are to turn our trade defi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of JASA, JASA established new programs to cit around, we must face the basic fact that improve the quality of life for thousands of we can no longer consume more than we Thursday, April19, 1990 older adults. Services established under his produce. And to increase production means Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, when asked the tenure include: Project Crisis, the Mobile Geri­ boosting the U.S. manufacturing base. most pressing problem facing the country, the atric Crisis Intervention Unit; JASA/Bayview There are many approaches to address people of the United States name many con­ Senior Center; JASA/Luna Park Senior these issues and strengthen our industrial cerns-crime, drugs, homelessness, competi­ Center; Services for the Aged, a home care economy, but the essential element of any ap­ tiveness. But repeatedly the same issue tops program; and two housing facilities, the Evelyn proach is finance. The ability of our smaller the list-the budget deficit. and Louis A. Green Residences in Cooper firms to achieve their full potential, both as a You might think Congress would address Square and in Seagirt in the Rockaways. producer for the domestic market as well as the Nation's top priority, but unfortunately JASA's programs to assist the aged to remain for international markets, continues to be limit­ nothing could be farther from the truth. in their own homes and enjoy their later life ed by the access to capital. With new oppor­ Rather than making the difficult choices our progressed significantly during Carl Glick's ad­ tunities opening and encourage investment constituents sent us here to make, we cave in ministration. capital in this area. Industrial development to special interests and produce deficit after In addition to his work with JASA, Mr. Glick bonds are an important part of encouraging deficit. Each year it is the same. We convince is president of the America-Israel Cultural this development and for spurring further in­ ourselves that little progress is possible this Foundation; president emeritus of HIAS; direc­ vestment and development. This is why the year, but just wait until next year, or until after tor and chairman of the budget and finance small-issue lOB targeted to manufacturing is the next election, or whenever, so long as it committee of NY ANA; member of 11 top so important. isn't today. boards and committees of UJA-Federation; The use of lOB's in New York has had a Mr. Speaker, next week I will be introducing and president of the Jewish Cultural Founda­ proven track record in promoting local eco­ my own budget resolution that freezes spend­ tion of New York University. nomic revitalization efforts. They are an impor- ing in most of the functions of Government. 7662 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 19, 1990 Defense spending will be cut to $292 billion it will lead to the domination, and even the and domination and is not the right model and COLA's will be frozen, but demographic suppression, of minorities." for a country with a tremendously diverse De Klerk's renunciation of the notion of population." growth in entitlement program will remain. Perhaps de Klerk was simply establishing This will require us to prioritize spending within one-man, one-vote in a unitary system came just two weeks before his scheduled May 2 a bargaining position to counter the ANC all 19 functions of Government, but it will talks with Nelson Mandela-talks that were one-man, one-vote stance. maybe some mu­ result in real deficit reduction. expected to set the stage for negotiations tually acceptable arrangement will emerge Such a plan doesn't come without pain, but toward a new political arrangement that from the negotiations, when-and if-they it carries with it something the budgets we would accord full political rights to all take place. usually see don't-courage and honesty. I ask South Africans. It isn't clear what effect his But the fear is that de Klerk's speech will my colleagues to support this effort. newest statement will have on those talks, needlessly complicate the May 2 "negotia­ but the guess here is that it will make mat­ tions to negotiate"-unless the government ters a good deal more difficult. at that time offers some dramatic new con­ DE KLERK BOTTOM LINE RE­ Things were tough enough as it was. The cession: for instance, an offer to grant a gen­ QUIRES THAT SANCTIONS BE government, pointing to continuing black­ eral amnesty and lift the state of emergency MAINTAINED on-black violence, has been reluctant to lift in exchange for a renunication of violence the "state of emergency," which the black on the part of the ANC. leadership insists is the major barrier to Surely it is possible for negotiators to HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY successful talks. And the black leadership, OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA work out arrangements for protecting the including Mandela's newly unbanned Afri­ important interests of South Africa's white IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES can National Congress, has refused to re­ minority-including property rights and Thursday, April19, 1990 nounce armed resistance to apartheid, a re­ fusal the government sees as the principal maintenance of a market economy. But first Mr. FAUNTROY. Mr. Speaker, what follows stumbling block. it will be necessary that all parties take the is an op-ed article by Washington Post colum­ The most hopeful sign that peaceful negotiations seriously. In that regard, the nist William Raspberry on South African Presi­ change was about to happen has been the de Klerk speech, however reassuring it may dent F.W. de Klerk's April 17 speech before manifest respect de Klerk and Mandela hold have been for whites, didn't help a bit. Parliament. Raspberry's commentary offers for one another. ample reason why any effort by the Bush ad­ The possibility remains that the de Klerk speech will leave that mutual respect un­ ministration to have sanctions against South changed. After all, Mandela, immediately Africa lifted must be strongly resisted by Con­ after his release from 27 years' imprison­ A TRIBUTE TO MARIANNA gress. Further, de Klerk's rejection of majority ment, made a point of insisting that any FORTE rule as "not suitable for a country like South new political dispensation protect the rights Africa," underscores why additional sanctions of the white minority. And de Klerk did must not be ruled out by Congress if Pretoria stress his acceptance of "full political par­ HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY is to be convinced that nothing short of a gen­ ticipation" by all South Africans, with "a OF RHODE ISLAND vote of equal value for every adult citizen." uine democracy-as outlined in the December IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1989 United Nations Declaration on South But his newly clarified view of "full politi­ Africa which our Government helped draft, cal participation" is bound to disappoint the Thursday, April19, 1990 and voted for-will lead to a normalizing of ANC Leadership, which seems to have been proceeding on the expectation of a one-man, Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today South Africa's international economic rela­ one-vote arrangement-perhaps with some to recognize an outstanding student from my tions. By firmly reiterating his rejection of ma­ protections for the white minority, but community who has earned honors along with jority rule, de Klerk, in effect is stating that de­ nothing like de Klerk's notion of constitu­ her classmates for winning the 1990 Rhode mocracy is unsuitable for South Africa. And tional checks and balances, decentralization Island State Championship title in the Bicen­ anything less than the establishment of de­ of power and "the requirement of consensus tennial of the Constitution and Bill of Rights mocracy in South Africa necessarily implies on controversial matters." competition. continued white minority domination. President Since the dismantling of apartheid-the Marianna Forte, of North Providence, Rl, at­ de Klerk cannot have it both ways: Stating very foundation of South Africa's white mi­ that all South Africans will enjoy "a vote of nority rule-is indisputably "controversial," tends Bishop Keough High School in Pawtuck­ equal value for every adult citizen," while re­ one reading of the de Klerk speech is that et, Rl. This competition is held annually to test jecting the majoritarian democratic implica­ all the talk of breakthrough and fundamen­ students' general knowledge of the Constitu­ tal change is nothing but smoke and mir­ tions of such a claim. Let us hope, as Rasp­ tion as well as their ability to apply the Consti­ rors. tution to contemporary issues. The students berry suggests, that "de Klerk was simply es­ The only thing that argues against such a tablishing a bargaining position to counter the reading is the boldness of the moves already were evaluated in three areas: Presentation, ANC's one-man, one-vote stance." Mr. Speak­ taken by the fledgling de Klerk government. overall knowledge of the Constitution, and ap­ er, given the eagerness of the administration Mandela has been released. Some 33 out­ plication of the principles of the Constitution. to lift certain sanctions against South Africa as lawed organizations, including the ANC and For Bishop Keough High School, this title was a reward to de Klerk for the preliminary steps the South African Communist Party, have very special for the school finished second he has taken, important though they undoubt­ been unbanned. Important political prison­ last year. Through hard work, combined with edly are, I urge my colleagues to reflect on ers have been released, and there is serious ·talk of amnesty for activists who have vio­ the excellent guidance and preparation by her the assessment of Mr. Raspberry of President teacher, Ms. Carol Costa, Marianna and her de Klerk's latest pronouncements. lated the criminal codes for political pur­ poses. (It is not yet clear whether exiles classmates were able to achieve excellence. [From the Wasington Post, Apr. 18, 1990] charged with such crimes as terrorism, in­ Marianna and her classmates along with Ms. DE Kl.ERK's REGRESSION surrection and treason might be included in Costa, will now travel to Washington, DC, in (By William Raspberry) the amnesty.) May to compete in the national competition F. W. de Klerk, who a couple of months But if these moves suggest that de Klerk ·against teams from across the Nation. is serious, his Wednesday statement sug­ ago stirred the passions of those who hope It is with great pleasure that I salute Mar­ for racial justice in South Africa, has now gests serious-perhaps insurmountable­ delivered the equivalent of a cold shower. limits on his seriousness. ianna Forte and the members of Ms. Costa's He remains in favor of "power sharing," "We believe that majority rule is not suit­ U.S. history class from Bishop Keough High he said in a major speech before the South able for a country like South Africa because School. Their outstanding knowledge of the African parliament, but for the first time he it will lead to the domination and even the Constitution and its principles serves as a re­ made clear that his view of power sharing suppression of minorities," he said. "Majori­ minder to us all about the importance of this does not embrace black majority rule, which ty rule provides a solution only for whichev­ he described as "unacceptable." er group may constitute the majority, but great document for all Americans. I would like "We believe that majority rule is not suit­ entails great risks for the rights and values to wish Marianna and her classmates good able for a country like South Africa because of minorities. That leads to a power struggle luck in the national competition. April19, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7663 CONGRATULATIONS TO ROBERT 34 years old. In many cases, these individuals measured. Originally invented to provide blind AND ELONNA McKIBBEN, are able to support a conventional mortgage, people who live alone with a means of taking THEIR NEW QUADRUPLETS, but are simply unable to set aside the needed their temperature, it is now being applied in AND THEIR COMMUNITY funds for a downpayment on their first home. hospitals by nurses' aides as a reinforcement Under this proposal, a taxpayer, as well as to reduce erroneous readings. HON. JAMES A. TRAFICANT, JR. his or her spouse, parent, or grandparent On this occasion of his award, I extend my OF OHIO would be allowed to withdraw up to $10,000 congratulations to Mr. Lemelson and wish him IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES collectively to make a first-time purchase of a continued success and best wishes for the home. While the proposal would exempt with­ future. Thursday, April19, 1990 drawn funds from the 10-percent penalty that Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today is currently imposed under the income tax to pay tribute to Robert and Elonna McKibben laws for premature withdrawals, any amounts A TRIBUTE TO KELLY FORCIER and their new quadruplets, who are from my withdrawn for first-time home purchases would 17th Congressional District of Ohio. be considered taxable income to the IRA ac­ HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY Life with four babies is both busy and count holder. The definition of a qualified first OF RHODE ISLAND happy. There is always something to do, time home buyer would include any taxpayer IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES who did not own an interest in a principal resi­ whether it's feeding, changing a diaper, or Thursday, April19, 1990 dressing them. The McKibbens are fortunate dence for the past 3 years. In addition, the to have received a great deal of help from purchase price of a home acquired with with­ Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today their community. The Cortland Trinity Baptist drawn IRA funds could not exceed 11 0 per­ to recognize an outstanding student from my Church, the First Baptist Church of Howland, cent of the average area purchase price. community who has earned honors along with and neighbors have all taken turns supplying There is no question this country faces a her classmates for winning the 1990 Rhode the McKibbens with dinners. The community critical problem in the area of housing afford­ Island State Championship title in the Bicen­ has also raised money to build an addition on ability. During the previous decade, we wit­ tennial of the Constitution and Bill of Rights to the McKibben's house, which cost about nessed a steady decline in the Nation's home competition. $50,000. ownership rate, reversing a 40-year trend of Kelly Forcier, of Providence, AI, attends But the McKipbens have had their fair share rising home ownership in this country. A par­ Bishop Keough High School in Pawtucket, AI. of pain, however. Elonna McKibben was diag­ ticularly disturbing trend is that the largest de­ This competition is held annually to test stu­ nosed as having cancer after the birth of her crease in home ownership was noticed by dents' general knowledge of the Constitution children. After she was diagnosed, she began those under 25 years of age, and by those be­ as well as their ability to apply the Constitution using a controversial experimental drug called tween the ages of 25 and 34. The combined to contemporary issues. The students were Can Cell, which she believes has cured her. A home ownership rate of these two age groups evaluated in three areas: Presentation, overall recent CAT scan has shown that Mrs. McKib­ declined by roughly 15 percent during the knowledge of the Constitution, and application ben has no signs of cancer. 1980's. Various studies have cited the inability of the principles of the Constitution. For Mr. Speaker, I would like to congratulate of young people to save enough money for a Bishop Keough High School, this title was Robert and Elonna McKibben on the birth of downpayment as the single most compelling very special for the school finished second their four babies, Zachary, Brenna, Taryn, and problem preventing these individuals from last year. Through hard work, combined with Jade as well as wish them the best of luck. I buying a home. the excellent guidance and preparation by her would also like to commend the many people Mr. Speaker, investing IRA funds in a home teacher, Ms. Carol Costa, Kelly and her class­ who have taken the time to help the McKib­ is a very prudent investment. In addition, use mates were able to achieve excellence. Kelly bens. These people have given of themselves of an IRA account to acquire a residence is and her classmates, along with Ms. Costa, will unsparingly and are a shining example of what totally consistent with the overall retirement now travel to Washington, DC, in May to com­ true friends and neighbors are. I am honored purpose that IRA's were intended to serve. pete in the national competition against teams to have these people in my district. While adoption of this measure is not a pana­ from across the Nation. cea for curing the Nation's housing affordabil­ It is with great pleasure that I salute Kelly ity epidemic, this legislation does constitute a Forcier and the members of Ms. Costa's U.S. LIMITED USE OF IRA FUNDS positive, important first step. history class from Bishop Keough High FOR FIRST-TIME HOME BUYERS School. Their outstanding knowledge of the Constitution and its principles serves as a re­ HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI RECOGNIZING JEROME H. minder to us all about the importance of this OF CALIFORNIA LEMELSON great document for all Americans. I would like IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to wish Kelly and her classmates good luck in Thursday, April19, 1990 HON. JIM COURTER the national competition. OF NEW JERSEY Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES troduce legislation which would remove a dis­ FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE incentive in the tax laws for limited use of IRA Thursday, April19, 1990 ACT, H.R. 770-PART 1 funds for the first-time purchase of a home. I Mr. COURTER. Mr. Speaker, it is my pleas­ am pleased to be joined in this effort by my ure to congratulate Mr. Jerome H. Lemelson HON. TIMOTHY J. PENNY colleague from Pennsylvania, Mr. SCHULZE. on being the recipient of this year's New OF MINNESOTA The proposal which I am introducing today is Jersey Pride Award for Science and Technolo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES similar to measures proposed by Senator gy. Mr. Lemelson has made tremendous LLOYD BENTSEN as well as President Bush, breakthroughs in the technology world, and Thursday, April19, 1990 but with one significant modification: This pro­ has proven to be an important asset to our Mr. PENNY. Mr. Speaker, the House will posal would permit withdrawals on a penalty­ State. soon be voting on a bill to grant extensive free basis from existing IRA's for first-time The New Jersey Pride Award honors those leave benefits to American workers. The home purchases by not only the home buyer, individuals who have made significant contri­ Family and Medical Leave Act, H.R. 770, but also by their spouse, parent, or grandpar­ butions to their field and to the State of New would require employers to grant 10 weeks of ent. Since the IRA account balance of older Jersey. Mr. Lemelson holds more patents­ unpaid family leave over a 2-year period and taxpayers, such as parents and grandparents, over 450-than any other active American in­ 15 weeks of unpaid medical leave over a 1- tend to have a larger account balance than ventor. If you use a tape recorder, you are a year period to employees who work at least those of younger taxpayers, I believe that this beneficiary of Mr. Lemelson's genius; he con­ 20 hours per week and have worked for the proposal would help reverse the decline of ceived the drive motor used in nearly all tape same employer for at least 1 year. home ownership in this country, especially recorders. One of his latest inventions is a Providing leave for employees to have a among the prime home buying ages of 25 to thermometer that calls out the temperature child or care for a sick relative is laudable. But 7664 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 19, 1990 I believe it is crucial that these benefits be ne­ The legislation is counterproductive to the cized increases in health insurance costs, gotiated by employers and workers; not man­ interest of employees and employers: It is what will the costs be in another year? in dated by the Government. By federally man­ one of those unfortunate realities of life two years? in three years? Further, GAO as­ that employers have limited resources and sumed tha.t no costs at placement workers could be conservatively Extensive mandated benefits would create a the expense of the rest. If one benefit is re­ estimated at $56.28 million. Other expenses, heavy burden for small businesses. This is im­ quired, then another-perhaps one more de­ sired by the employees of a particular com­ such as those associated with litigation, will portant to consider because 66 percent of the pany-is eliminated or reduced. Employers inevitably be incurred. jobs held by young Americans, who are most should be allowed the flexibility to tailor Need for the legislation: Of course, per­ affected by this policy, are provided by small their benefit plans to the needs of their em­ haps the problems with this legislation employers. I fear that passage of this manda­ ployees. could be ignored if there was compelling evi­ tory legislation could actually reduce the op­ The structural framework established by dence of a pressing need for its enactment. tions that many employees now enjoy. It is ob­ the legislation is unworkable and fails to However, employers are increasingly ad­ vious that most employers will have to drop recognize the legitimate needs of an employ­ dressing the family and individual needs of other benefits to absorb the increased cost of er to orderly manage its workforce: Space their employees, and this trend will un­ prevents discussing these problems in detail, doubtedly continue as women comprise an complying with mandated family leave. Others but some of the most significant are as fol­ ever greater portion of the workforce. A fear that some employers would discriminate lows: 1987 study by the Bureau of Labor Statistics against those job applicants who are more 1. H.R. 770 allows employees virtually un­ of over a million establishments with some level of "serious health condition" in the bill is so income replacement and that one-third were new born child while holding on to a job that covered by formal benefit plans providing brings needed income home to the family. elastic as to be meaningless, and there is no requirement that leave be used for exigent maternity leave to care for a newborn child; This type of maternity leave benefit would also or pressing circumstances. Indeed, time such leave was narrowly defined and consid­ strike a fair balance between businesses and could be taken off even though an able­ ered separately from other leave benefits, employees. Most employers could offer this bodied spouse was at home or another rela­ such as sick leave or vacation leave, which limited leave option as part of a fringe benefit tive was tending to the needs of the child or might also be used for this purpose. Fur­ package without having to cut corners on parent. Nor is there a requirement that the ther, as the GAO noted, many employers no other benefits to make up the cost. period of leave even be used for "family" doubt accommodate their employees on an I am including following this statement ma­ purposes. The extended familial relation­ ad hoc basis. terials related to the Family and Medical ships created by the expansive definitions in Finally, you may wish to ask whether the Leave Act that may be of interest ot Mem­ the bill of "son or daughter" and "parent" level of constituent letters that you may exacerbate this problem. bers. In future extensions, I will expand on this have received on this subject indicates that 3. The so-called "Key" employee exemp­ there is a problem here which necessitates statement, and include additional letters, tion is no exemption at all as it is limited to statements, and analyses in opposition to the the enactment of nation-wide legislation. the very highest paid employees, whose re­ We urge your opposition to H.R. 770. extensive mandate of benefits contained in instatement would cause "grievous" eco­ Sincerely, H.R. 770. nomic harm. Would a nurse on an under­ FRED GRANDY. CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, staffed late shift or an emergency worker of TIM PENNY. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, some type meet this definition? Unlikely. Washington, DC., February 8, 1990. Obviously, those workers who are truly crit­ ical to the operation of the employer are H.R. 770, THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE not necessarily those who are the highest AcT OF 1989 paid. It is also difficult to envision, in any INDIA HUMAN RIGHTS "FEEL GOOD" LEGISLATION THAT IS STILL A BAD case, a situation in which reinstatement of PROBLEMS CONTINUE IDEA an individual would result in "grievous" eco­ DEAR CoLLEAGUE: Once again rumors are nomic harm. afloat that proponents are preparing to 4. The enforcement mechanism is overly HON. DAVID DREIER bring to the Floor H.R. 770, the Family and complex-indeed, its provisions comprise OF CALIFORNIA Medical Leave Act. In brief, H.R. 770, often almost one-half of the entire bill-and misleadingly referred to as a "parental would permit an employee to file a priva.te IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leave" bill, mandates that employers pro­ cause of action or a complaint with the Oe­ Thursday, April19, 1990 vide <1> at least 10 weeks of unpaid "family partment of Labor, replete with administra­ leave" every two years for the birth, adop­ tive law judge hearings. Possible damages, Mr. DREIER of California. Mr. Speaker, tion, or foster care placement of a child, or with jury trials, of up to four times lost was hopeful that the election of Prime Minister the care of a child or parent having a "seri­ back pay are unparalleled under other V.P. Singh would improve the human rights ous health condition" and (2) at least 15 major labor law statutes. situation in India. Unfortunately, questions and weeks of unpaid leave each year for an em­ The costs of this legislation will be consid­ ployee unable to work due to a "serious erable: The General Accounting Office concerns continue. India remains the only de­ health condition." Health benefits must be : I am pleased to introduce a short the Golden Temple in 1984, will never be citizens of Sikh origin, find it difficult to debate on relations between Her Majesty's forgotten or forgiven by most Sikhs. It de­ visit their families and friends. I hope that Government and India, the first such filed their holiest place and strengthened the British Government will make represen­ debate in the House for some considerable the view of many of them that the last tations to the Indian Government to make time, I have recently returned from a brief Indian Government had embarked upon a that easier. I also hope that they will make visit to India and I thank the authorities, es­ deliberate policy of eradicating Sikhs, who representations to the Indian Government pecially the governor of the Punjab, for form just 2 per cent of India's population. urging them to allow young Sikhs from the their assistance and co-operation, and a Such feelings were intensified by the massa­ Punjab to study in Britain and other over­ range of human rights organizations and cre of 5,000 Sikhs in Delhi hours after the seas countries. At the moment, they experi­ their brave and dedicated members for their assassination of Mrs. Indira Ghandi and of ence great difficulty in obtaining student help and support during my visit. many Sikhs in other parts of India. visas to study here or elsewhere. My main purpose was to investigate In Delhi I visited some of the 1,200 widows If there is uncertainty about the future of human rights in the Punjab. With the intra­ struggling to bring up their families alone. the Punjab, there is great anxiety about the ciable problem of Northern Ireland much in One woman cried bitterly as she showed me future of Kashmir. During my visit to Kash­ my mind, I realize that no Britisher in India the photographs of her dead husband and mir there were many reports of mass pro­ can feel superior when discussing human sons. She lost 18 relatives to the murderous tests involving anything up to 1 millon rights in the Punjab, where the forces of mobs. From the window of a two-roomed people, with deaths, injuries and many more law and orders are pitched against terror­ tenament, home to a family of six, I looked soldiers being deployed. It is now believed ists. I talked to police officers in the Punjab down across a mud hut village which is that between 200,000 and 300,000 security who, like security officers in Northern Ire­ home to 1,000 families who fled east Delhi forces are deployed in Kashmir, and more land, told me that many of the terrorists to find relative safety with other Sikhs in are on the way. A permanent curfew has were gangsters who prayed on Sikhs and west Delhi. With the monsoons this mud vil­ been in place for the past nine weeks. Hindus for money and power. Few, they lage becomes a sea of mud, with the summer Many argue that the people of Kashmir argued, were motivated by dreams of an in­ heat a stinking cesspit. There are no drains, should be given a referendum in which they dependent Khalistan. water supply or electricity; there are ty­ could vote freely and fairly for their future. I talk to human rights groups in the phoid and cholera. The new governor of There appear to be three options-for them Punjab who, like their counterparts in Delhi has promised these people a plot of to remain part of India, for them to join Northern Ireland, told me that state vio­ land nearby where they can build decent Pakistan or, the option that has been gain­ lence and repression had alienated many in homes. They hope that this promise will be ing support, for Kashmir valley to join Azad the Punjab, Sikh and Hindu, and had pro­ kept and that the bulldozers will not return Kashmir and parts of Jammu, to become a voked widespread violence and terror. Both to demolish their huts. new independent state. sides claimed, rightly I am sure, that all or­ None of these people, the victims of mur­ During my visit, a promient Kashmiri dinary people in the Punjab, Sikh and non­ derous communalism, believe that what business man who favoured the third option Sikh, are sickened by violence and want an happened was spontaneous. The mobs were said: end to it. I talked to scores of those ordi­ organised. They were led. The plan was to We could become the Switzerland of Asia, nary people and their stories were deeply kill as many male Sikhs as possible, includ­ with tourism and the careful development disturbing. ing boys and even babies. of our natural resources. The borders could I shall never forget the Sikh father whose While the horror of the massacres will be guaranteed internationally, safeguarded 14-year-old daughter was raped and never dim, many Sikhs cheered last year's by the United Nations. A state of 10 million drowned by a police officer. The father was election of Mr. V. P. Singh as India's Prime people, we could become a tranquil, prosper­ brutally beaten by police three times over Minister. The BJP, the Hindu fundamental­ ous buffer between India and Pakistan." two days. He was seeking the return of his ist party, appears opposed to Mr. Singh's The Indian Government are making a se­ daughter's body for cremation. He was pressing on with his plans, announced after rious mistake by alleging that there are warned that if he did not stop complaining, his election victory, to secure reconciliation those outside Kashmir and outside India what had happened to his 14-year-old with the Sikhs in the Punjab. Elections to who are instigating violence and disorder in daughter would happen to his 7-year-old the Punjab state assembly are seen by Mr. Kashmir. In making those charges, the daughter. The father is refusing to wear Singh as a top priority. However, unless Indian Government's credibility is seriously shoes until he gets justice. they are called by 11 May, President's rule undermined so long as they refuse permis­ I shall not forget the young Sikh who was will continue-and that will surely spark off sion to foreigners to visit Kashmir and so shot as a terrorist after he stood with his more and escalating violence. long as they stop the world's media report­ arms above his head in a field for five min­ There are those inside and outside the ing what is happening in Kashmir. utes. The police later admitted that they Punjab who believe that a new settlement I hope that India's new Prime Minister had made a mistake. Senior police officers of the Punjab is possible. A federal solution, will quickly see the difficulties that his Gov­ saluted at the young man's cremation. His with the central Government retaining ernment will face if they continue that family is still waiting for the compensation powers over foreign relations, defence and policy. I hope that he will allow visitors and that it was promised. communications is widely supported. The the free reporting of what is happening in I shall not forget the relatives of the Prime Minister and the new governor of the Kashmir. I hope the Indian Government young man who was shot while marching in Punjab rightly stress that building confi­ will agree to a request that I made informal­ a Sikh religious festival. Again, the police dence and trust is vital if reconciliation is to ly today to the Indian high commission for admitted a mistake. His brother has been succeed. Early elections to the Punjab state a parliamentary delegation from the House warned off pressing for police officers to be assembly are seen by many as vital to that to be allowed to visit Kashmir shortly. I wel­ punished. confidence-building process. come the visit that is to be made to Kash­ I shall not forget the 500 prisoners in the These should also, in the view of many, be mir next month by my right hon. Friend Amritsar security prison who lined up in the independent machinery for monitoring the Member for Manchester, Gorton

39-059 0-91-51 {Pt.5) 7670 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 19, 1990 characteristics that have made this Nation Puerto Rico may become strained. If it is the Sooner or later, the island will be knock­ great. May they all have many happy and suc­ intent of Congress not to take a closer look, ing at Congress's door. The question then cessful years ahead. then the people of Puerto Rico should be told will be: Is the U.S. ready to accept as a state that, so that they do not delude themselves. what is in essence a Latin American coun­ try-densely populated. Spanish-speaking, CONGRESS SHOULD TAKE A Mr. Speaker, statehood is not really an al­ culturally different and poor? HARD LOOK AT THE STATUS ternative for Puerto Rico, as I think a careful In Washington, where few are paying OF PUERTO RICO reading of the Wall Street Journal article will close attention, even fewer think Congress show. And Congress cannot just walk away will act on the referendum bill this year. from this issue. But here the status question is an obsession. HON. JAIME B. FUSTER The Wall Street Journal article is attached. Not much is heard about the principles of OF PUERTO RICO [From the Wall Street Journal, April13, justice, democracy or patriotism Mr. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1990] Romero Barcelo elaborated on before Con­ Thursday, April19, 1990 STATEHOOD PROPONENTS GAIN FAVOR IN gress. Instead, the most talked-about ques­ PUERTO RICO As DEBATE OVER ISLAND'S tion is money and who is going to get it-in­ Mr. FUSTER. Mr. Speaker, the other day I STATUS HEATS UP AGAIN dividuals or corporations. called to the attention of my colleagues a , accomplish the goal of economic develop­ pushing one million Puerto Ricans to emi­ source Conservation and Recovery Act is de­ ment and political stability. On the issue of grate to the U.S. in search of work. signed to prevent future problems such as people-to-people exchanges, we can expect Last week's Congressional Budget Office Love Canal. vastly expanded sister-city programs, ex­ study said a phase-out of Section 936 would Now, we are preparing to celebrate the hurt the island's development and eliminate changes between teachers, students, scien­ second Earth Day with a week-long series of as many as 100,000 jobs by the year 2000. tists, doctors, writers, and entrepreneurs. We "The economic situation in Puerto Rico events. This time, the United States is not alone. Citizens from around the world, from expect that Peace Corps volunteers by the would be black without 936," says Narmo hundreds or thousands will be sent to central Ortiz, the head of government relations for Europe, to South America, to Southeast Asia American Cyanamid Co.'s Puerto Rico unit. and Japan are organizing their own activities Europe. American technology and modern business DISTINCT CULTURE to demonstrate their commitment to a cleaner environment. skills will also be exported to central Europe. Beyond the dollars and cents of the status That region has simply not kept up with the debate, cultural issues are involved. Com­ While we may properly congratulate our­ monwealthers and independentistas worry selves on the progress we have made, we modern, increasingly globalized world econo­ that statehood would spell the end of must not be lulled into thinking that our task is my. Accountants, lawyers, and management Puerto Rico's distinct culture. "The ques­ complete, either here in the United States, or consultants will all have to contribute to build­ tion is, are people ready to push the button abroad. It is sobering to realize how much ing a modern framework for the growth of an that will spell the end of one of the nation­ more progress remains to be made. In fact, enterprise economy in central Europe. alities on the planet?" says Sen. Marco we need only look to central Europe to get an Already, entrepreneurs in the United States, Rigau. western Europe, and Japan are seeking out As it is, the island's culture already has idea of how we would be living had we not been bent out of shape by its close encoun­ taken the steps we had. Indeed, the problems investment opportunities for joint ventures in ter with the U.S. Sometimes the cultural are daunting and can barely be exaggerated: central Europe. This is an excellent approach clash takes on an absurdist tone. Luis Sixty percent of the Vistula River, a main to contribute the technology, expertise, and Rafael Sanchez, a Puerto Rican writer, re­ source of Poland's drinking water, is catego­ capital needed to jump-start these emerging members that in 1952 the mayor of San rized by the authorities there as being too pol­ market economies. Juan brought a planeload of snow to Puerto luted for even industrial use because it would Nonetheless, the evolution of a Communist Rico so the island's poor children could see state into a market economy must necessarily snow first hand. clog and corrode machinery. The Central Sta­ The snow, gathered by children in New tistical Office in Poland simply classifies the take time-currencies must become converti­ Hampshire, was met with great fanfare and Vistula as a sewer. ble, banking and trade laws made compatible escorted to a sports stadium. There, chil­ In the Upper Silesia region, the Polish Acad­ with modern commerce, appropriate regula­ dren bused from the city's meanest slums emy of Sciences notes an "appalling in­ tions adapted, telephone and transit systems made snowmen, which in the hot Caribbean crease" in mental retardation because of modernized, and linkages of all types with our sun melted in the twinkling of an eye. metal particulates in the air. In addition, 30 to society established. For our part, most-fa­ 45 percent of students are below international vored-nation status must be conferred; outdat­ ed Cocom restrictions ended; and Export­ THE CENTRAL EUROPEAN ENVI­ norms for weight, height, and other health pa­ Import Bank and OPIC relationships devel­ RONMENTAL AND HEALTH IM­ rameters, and 10 to 15 percent of chronically PROVEMENT ACT OF 1990 ill. oped. Up to a quarter of Poland's farmland is so Clearly, most of the .attention of the world polluted with lead, zinc, mercury, and other has been focused on the breathtaking political HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE metals that it is probably dangerous to grow breakthroughs and the problems of transform­ OF NEW YORK crops in. ing communism into market-based economies. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In Hungary, life expectancy is declining and But we cannot ignore the environmental night­ mothers are protesting in the streets because mare which adversely affects central Europe­ Thursday, April19, 1990 of the respiratory problems the polluted air is ans day in and day out in countless ways. Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, in January, I led causing their children. An estimated 10 per­ Indeed, environmental degradation may well a 13-member congressional delegation to cen­ cent of deaths in Hungary are directly related be the final and longest lasting legacy of the tral Europe. We visited Yugoslavia, Poland, to the high levels of pollution. Stalinist period. East Germany, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia Budapest has air pollution that reaches 30 It threatens the health and the economies and met with the political leaders and eco­ times the levels considered safe by U.S. of the people of this region, and it affects na­ nomic experts of those nations. Our discus­ standards. The pollution is so bad that people tions outside of central Europe. Pollution is sions focused on three issues: trade and in­ line up to spend 15 minutes in "inhalitoriums," being poured into the Baltic Sea, damaging vestment, developing an enterprise sector, booths where people can breathe otherwise European fishing industries; powerplants burn­ and people-to-people exchanges. unavailable clean air. ing high-sulphur coal are depleting the ozone 7672 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 19, 1990 layer and increasing acid rain. And the prob­ tor governments calling the debt the main ob­ industry, the balance by the various levels of lems are only getting worse. The reality is that stacle to the success of Solidarity's economic government. The U.S. Government spends in all of these countries there are few, if any, plan. Although no payments have been made $1.7 billion annually on Superfund, and an es­ sewage treatment plants; few, if any, smoke­ in recent years, the spectre of a $40 billion timated additional $1 billion of clean up of nu­ stack scrubbers; and almost no expertise and debt hanging over a fragile economy creates clear facilities. None of these costs include, experience in dealing with environmental prob­ a serious chill on needed foreign investment for example, the cost of catalytic converters lems. because no investor can have confidence in on cars, which would likely add hundreds of Why, many of my colleagues have asked, an economy that is constantly threatened with millions of dollars to the total; this is counted should we single out the environment for spe­ what is, in effect, foreclosure. as personal consumption. It is probably fair to cial action when there are many other prob­ Other central European countries, such as estimate that the totals, in 1990, have come lems that need addressing? Hungary, with the highest per capita debt close to $100 billion. There are several answers to this question. burden in the world-$20 billion debt with a In the United States, we have decided that Of course, we all know about the enormous population of 10 million-owe most of their private businesses must, as good corporate strides that must be taken to successfully debts to commercial banks. For some of citizens, help bear the burden of keeping our convert these nations into open market these nations, these commercial bank obliga­ skies, water, and land clean. Economically, economies. Such aid will be the primary focus tions are selling at deep discounts. We would this improves efficiency by including in the of the World Bank, IMF, and other develop­ expect that these commercial banks would be costs of production the costs of keeping the ment agencies active in central Europe. The willing to do their share to relieve the debt environment clean. private sector here, in Europe, and Japan burdens of central Europe, so long as their But central Europe does not have any pri­ have already begun to seek out investment governments lead the way. vate sector to help it bear these burdens. In­ opportunities, bringing with them the seeds of In 1953, the United States convened a stead, its industries have been owned and run meeting of our World War II allies to negotiate a successful transition-individual entrepre­ by the state. It is one of the great ironies of substantial foregiveness of West Germany's neurship. our age that the Communist economies, the But by making these environmental issues debts. As a result, Germany was freed from purported "workers' paradises," have pro­ an immediate priority, we will be making a burdens it could not bear, and its economic duced more pollution than profit-oriented capi­ commitment to enhance the quality of life for growth, described now as miraculous, began. talist economies. Indeed, the statistics on tens of millions of people in a very basic way. In all, $2.2 billion of Germany's debt to the health related problems resulting from pollu­ Actions toward this end will also continue to United States, Britain, and France was forgiv­ pay returns in lower health costs, more pro­ en. In 1989 dollars, this figure amounts to tion were treated as state secrets in countries ductive workers, and thriving tourist econo­ $10.9 billion. where the theory, though clearly not the fact, mies far into the future. This emphasis will in Now that our foreign policy has finally was that the worker reigned supreme. The no way reduce our concern and support for achieved its ultimate aim in Europe, we should governments rightly feared the impact such more general programs. However, it may help be no less generous to those countries whose facts would have on the beneficiaries of the to ensure that environmental improvements, economies have been saddled with inefficient Communist system. which are so necessary for the people and and unworkable Communist economies. The new governments of central Europe economies of central Europe, does not get re­ Let us act in 1990 to help free these na­ recognize the follies in this and are now all duced to a back burner issue. tions from debtors prison and put them on a working toward the development of vibrant pri­ While the United States is obviously short of path to economic as well as political freedom. vate sectors. However, until this develops, we funds, we still have the political power and the Our leadership on this issue will set an exam­ must help handle the grave environmental moral authority to exert leadership. Therefore, ple and pose a challenge to our partners in threat they face through this modest-cost pro­ I urge my colleagues to join me in taking two western Europe and Japan. posal. immediate steps, contained in the legislation I Equally important, we should look to a All of us are hopeful that the economic fer­ am introducing today-the Central European future of multilaterial cooperation in helping ment-joint ventures, direct investment, and Environmental and Health Improvement and central Europe, starting with the establishment individual entrepreneurship-will one day bear Progress Act-to help alleviate the environ­ of the European Development Bank recently fruit. While we await that day, however, the in­ mental burdens of emerging central European negotiated by the Bush Administration. Having dustrialized democracies can help improve the democracies: completed the first step-agreement on the lives of central Europeans in the short term by First, the United States should promote size and operations of the new bank-we addressing the serious environmental prob­ debt-for-environment swaps, allowing bilateral should seek the creation of an Environmental lems of the region. Pushing forward with the loans to central Europe to be paid into a local Trust Fund within it, to be capitalized with con­ new development bank and calling for the cre­ currency fund to be devoted to environmental tributions from the industrialized democracies ation of an Environmental Trust Fund can projects. at up to $20 billion over the course of the quickly improve the quality of life and econo­ Second, establish an Environmental Trust decade. The Trust Fund would make loans at mies of these nations. The people of central Fund at the new European Bank for Recon­ highly concessionary rates supplementing Europe courageously demanded political free­ struction and Development. local currency contributions with foreign cur­ dom in 1989, and they were able to attain it The United States should allow all official rency needed for those environmental essentially through their own efforts. But they debts owed to us by Poland and the other projects. will need substantial help if they are ever to central European nations targeted in the bill­ Under its charter, the EBRD will promote in be able to free themselves from environmen­ Hungary, Czechslovakia, and Yugoslavia-to the full range of its activities environmentally tal degradation. be paid in local currency, which would then be sound and sustainable development. This is a To date, several western European nations invested in environmental cleanup programs. crucial commitment. However, additional steps have indicated an interest in helping with the In doing so, we should not act alone, but ask are needed to clean up the legacy of pollution environmental cleanup process. While these other creditor nations to do the same. that poisons the region. efforts are well worthwhile, they are almost by Poland's debts to the industrialized democ­ Trust fund loans must be made at conces­ definition piecemeal. A true solution can only racies amount to about $30 billion-out of a sionary rates because, unlike loans for be achieved in a multilateral, well-coordinated total debt of $40 billion-of which $3 billion is projects such as roads, bridges, or business approach to the problem. owed the United States Government. Instead start-ups, environmental clean-up does not Finally, I want to point out that U.S. busi­ of repaying this debt. it has been rescheduled generate a specific stream of income that can nesses are in the forefront of the environmen­ over and over again, most recently last month. be dedicated to repaying the loan. The trust tal technology needed to deal with these That agreement put off any principal or inter­ fund should help solve problems, rather than problems; this legislation would create an im­ est payments for all of 1990 and the first saddling these emerging democracies with ad­ portant overseas market for U.S. waste man­ quarter of 1991. It would no doubt be post­ ditional debts. agement and technology companies. This op­ poned again and again, ad infinitum. In the United States, a total of $81 billion portunity could prove to be of significant long­ In January, Poland's Prime Minister, Ta­ was spent in 1987 for pollution control and term benefit to our trade position in the world. deusz Mazowiecki, sent a letter to these credi- abatement. Of this, $49 billion was spent by Furthermore, it will anchor U.S. economic rela- April19, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7673 tions with the emerging market economies of of public health, and of natural resources as determined by the official exchange rate central Europe, economies that will be the throughout the world; for United States dollars. source of much of the economic growth as we <5> nongovernmental environmental orga­ (C) PAYMENTS PLACED IN TRUST FOR USE BY THE COUNTRY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PuR­ approach the next century. nizations in such countries have been key actors in the process of political and eco­ POSES.- THE CENTRAL EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL AND nomic reform, often at great risk to the (1) CREATION OF TRUSTS.-The United HEALTH IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1990 leaders and members of such organizations; States shall establish a trust account for In order to advance these goals, I am intro­ and each Central European country with an ducing today The Central European Environ­ <6> full access to information and partici­ emerging market economy. The United States shall own each such trust account. mental and Health Improvement Act of 1990. pation by such organizations and the gener­ al public in the planning and implementa­ (2) TRANSFERS TO TRUSTS.-Each payment The bill seeks to achieve the goals I have just tion of all bilateral and multilateral assist­ made pursuant to this section by a Central outlined by: ance to such countries is essential to realiz­ European country with an emerging market First. Authorizing the President to allow cen­ ing the goals of restoration, protection, and economy shall be deposited in the trust ac­ tral European countries to pay back their enhancement of the environment, of public count established for the country under loans from the U.S. Government to a trust health, and of natural resources in the paragraph <1 ). fund targeted to each nation individually. region. (3) BENEFICIARIES.-The COUntry from (b) ENVIRONMENTAL TRUST FuND.-The which payments made to the United States These payments would be made in local cur­ are deposited into a trust established under rency, for use in paying for environmental Secretary of the Treasury shall negotiate for the establishment within the European paragraph <1 >shall be the beneficiary of the cleanup projects. Bank for Reconstruction and Development trust. Second. Establishing the Environmental of- (4) TRusTEE.-The Secretary of the Treas­ Trust Fund within the European Bank for Re­ ( 1) an Environmental Trust Fund- ury shall be the trustee of each trust estab­ construction and Development. The Bank will from which long-term loans will be lished under paragraph <1 ). rightfully emphasize long-term economic pro­ made at highly concessional rates of inter­ (5) EXPENDITURES FROM TRUSTS.-The Sec­ est for projects designed to alleviate, eradi­ retary of the Treasury shall authorize pay­ grams, particularly privatization of industry. It ments to be made from a trust established will also may be involved in balance-of-pay­ cate, or prevent damage to the environment, including projects aimed at- under paragraph (1) of this subsection to ments lending, an important short-term need (i) water purification; the government of the country that is the for the region. But the Bank should also make reducing the polluting em1ss1ons of scribed in section lO> or other eco­ Such an Environmental Trust Fund will power plants by applying technology such nomic development projects. make long-term loans at highly concessional as scrubbers; (6) REGULATIONS.-Within 6 months after rates to the emerging market economies. The (iv> providing assistance in converting the date of the enactment of this Act, the energy systems from coal to other, cleaner Secretary of the Treasury shall issue regula­ loans will be used to build water purification tions specifying the manner in which a plants, reduce plant emissions, clean up toxic systems; (V) managing solid waste, including clean­ country must demonstrate a commitment to waste dumps, and other projects designed to ing up toxic waste dumps; carrying out projects referred to in para­ alleviate or prevent environmental problems. . borders. The text of my legislation follows: end-use energy efficiency improve­ (d) FACTORS To BE CONSIDERED.-ln deter­ ments on a large scale; and mining whether and the extent to which H.R. 4569 to which contributions will be made by the President will exercise the authority Be it enacted by the Senate and House of the member countries of the institution on granted by subsection (a) of this section, the Representatives of the United States of the same proportional basis as such coun­ President shall treat each Central European America in Congress assembled, tries make contributions to the institution; country with an emerging market economy SECTION 1. INCLUSION OF ENVIRONMENTAL TRUST and on a case-by-case basis taking into account FUND IN PROPOSED EUROPEAN BANK (2) requirements for detailed environmen­ the need for the country for financial re­ FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVEL­ tal impact assessment of all proposed oper­ sources and the commitment of the govern­ OPMENT. ations with potentially significant environ­ ment of the country to carrying out projects FINDINGs.-The Congress finds that­ mental impacts, including requirements described in subsection (c)(5). <1> there has been overwhelming damage that comments will be solicited from the SEC. 3. DEFINITION OF CENTRAL EUROPEAN COUN- to the environment in the Central European public at each stage of the assessment proc­ TRIES WITH NEWLY EMERGING countries with newly emerging market ess, and that all assessment documents will MARKET ECONOMIES. economies; be made available to the public in borrower As used in this Act, the term "Central Eu­ <2> there is a mounting threat to the and donor countries. ropean countries with newly emerging health of the people living in such coun­ market economies" means- SEC. 2. SOVEREIGN DEBT OF CENTRAL EUROPEAN tries; COUNTRIES WITH EMERGING MARKET ( 1) the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic; (3) the impact of such problems on the ECONOMIES PAY ABLE TO UNITED <2> the Hungarian People's Republic; economies and the health of the people of STATES IN LOCAL CURRENCIES FOR (3) the Polish People's Republic; and such countries is severe, including- USE BY SUCH COUNTRIES FOR ENVI­ (4) the Socialist Federal Republic of an increase in mental retardation RONMENTAL PURPOSES. Yugoslavia. among children due to metal poisoning from (a) AUTHORITY OF THE PRESIDENT.-The air pollution; President may permit any Central European so much pollution of farmland with country with an emerging market economy AFL-CIO WORKS TO FREE JOE lead, zinc, cadmium, and mercury that the to pay, in the manner provided in subsec­ DOHERTY land may be unsafe for use in growing crops; tion (b), such aggregate amounts of princi­ children and adults who suffer from pal and interest payable on a liability of the extensive respiratory problems, including country, incurred before the date of the en­ HON.THOMASJ.MANTON high levels of cancer, due to air pollution; actment of this section, to the United States OF NEW YORK children who suffer from congenital or any agency or instrumentality thereof, as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES heart problems; the President may determine. Thursday, April19, 1990 an unusually high number of birth de­ (b) MANNER AND SCHEDULE OF PAYMENTS.­ fects; If the President exercises the authority pro­ Mr. MANTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to the death or substantial damage of vided by subsection with respect to an congratulate the membership of the AFL-CIO large percentages of forests; and amount payable by a country, the country and their president, Lane Kirkland, on that be due, pay into local currency ac­ <4> the economic and political reforms counts described in subsection (c), on each Mr. Doherty is an Irish national who has been taking place in such countries offer signifi­ of the 1st 10 anniversaries of the due date, imprisoned in this country for nearly 8 years cant opportunities for restoration, protec­ 1/10 of such amount, in an equivalent despite the fact he has never been charged tion, and enhancement of the environment, amount of the local currency of the country with, or convicted of a crime here. 7674 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April19, 1990 Mr. Speaker, it is fitting that the AFL-CIO EARTH DAY Generous grants are being made to an­ has joined in the fight for justice for Joe Do­ other non-profit organization in California, herty because America's labor unions have People for Trees, for the purpose of plant­ HON. DUNCAN HUNTER ing and maintaining trees in cities as well as always taken the side of the little man fighting OF CALIFORNIA countrysides. This funding comes via the the system for justice. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bond issue passed last year by California Mr. Speaker, I want to commend my col­ Thursday, April 19, 1990 voters, and can do much to increase Califor­ leagues attention to the AFL-CIO's recent nia's great heritage of beautiful and useful letter to President Bush and resolution in sup­ Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, in honor of trees. In addition to information from the port of Joseph Doherty and ask unanimous Earth Day, I would like to call attention to the local People for Trees chapters, further in­ consent that they appear in the RECORD im­ efforts to save the California oak tree. This formation can be secured through the vari­ mediately following my remarks. effort, led by many of President Bush's thou­ ous county Farm Advisors' offices. Some sand points of light, will one day bring the cities, of which Visalia is a notable example, AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR have city ordinances protecting oaks and AND CoNGREss OF INDUSTRIAL OR­ California oak back to the majestic promi­ nence it once enjoyed. municipal oak groves. Ginger Strong, at the GANIZATIONS, city of Visalia, phone <209) 738-3522, is sec­ Washington, DC, April4, 1990. The article printed below, written by Robert retary of the California Oak Foundation. The PRESIDENT, 0. Hunter, details many of the efforts to save The White House, Washington, DC. the oak. DEAR MR. PREsiDENT: Pursuant to the EARTH DAY THE SAVINGS AND LOAN RIOT unanimous action of the most recent AFL­ CIO Convention, I am forwarding, under the cover of this letter, a copy of the Con­ California is a beautiful state-and much vention Resolution calling on "the Attorney of its beauty lies in the rolling foothills, and HON. MAJOR R. OWENS General to grant bail to Joseph Doherty the oak trees that are native here, rising OF NEW YORK from the seacoast to the elevations where and, ultimately political asylum", IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As the Resolution states in more detail, they mingle with the pines. 1990 has been proclaimed the Year of the Oak by the Cali­ the nearly eight-year incarceration of fornia Oak Foundation, a non-profit group Thursday, April19, 1990 Joseph Doherty in federal prison even dedicated to protecting our native oaks and Mr. OWENS of New York. Mr. Speaker, the though he "has never been convicted of­ planting more. In many parts of the state nor even charged with-the commission of costs of the savings and loans associations the native oaks have been cut down, which bailout continues to mushroom. Five hundred any crime in this country" and even though prompted Senate Concurrent Resolution 60, "federal immigration judges have consist­ authored by Senator Dan McCorquodale billion dollars is now considered the most ently rendered decisions in [his] favor ... and 27 others, calling attention to the need honest and intelligent estimate of the cost of and against the government," raises the to restore oak woodlands throughout the this monstrous adventure into socialized bank­ most serious civil liberties issues. state. ing. A huge new Federal bureaucracy known I speak for every delegate to the AFL-CIO Girl Scouts, Boy Scouts, 4-H Clubs, school as the Resolution Trust Corporation has erupt­ Convention and all the working people organizations, and service clubs are being those delegates represent in asking you to ed to administer this gargantuan effort. More enlisted in the gathering of acorns, planting than 6,000 people will be employed in this sal­ give Mr. Doherty's case your personal atten­ them in milk cartons, then re-planting the tion. milk cartons with oak seedlings in them. vage operation before it ends. The long-await­ Sin~erely, Ranger Roger Wong of the Forest Service ed peace dividend resulting from a reduction LANE KIRKLAND, at Ramona explained to me recently that in defense expenditures will now have to be President. oak roots are more fragile than pine roots, poured into the bottomless pit of the S&L bail­ for example, so that the procedure in plant­ out. SUPPORT FOR JOSEPH PATRICK THOMAS ing oaks requires planting the slit milk­ Mr. Speaker, ordinary words and plain prose DOHERTY carton, with oak seedling in it, after cutting are not adequate to describe this giant public off the bottom of the carton. In this Whereas, Joseph Patrick Thomas Doherty manner, the emerging oak roots are not dis­ scandal. Perhaps the language of the new began his seventh year in federal prison on turbed. The U.S. Forest Service plants many street poets, the Rap artists, can best de­ June 18, 1989; and oaks, along with pines each year on national scribe this continuing fiscal atrocity. Whereas, He has never been convicted forest land. Mr. Speaker, a continuing concern of mine of-nor even charged-with the commission The California Oak Foundation is the of any crime in this country; and is the education of school age children of moving force behind the Year of the Oak, America. I am particularly concerned about Whereas, In the past six years, federal im­ and has two publications available from its migration judges have consistently rendered office at 900 12th St., Suite 125, Sacramen­ education in high schools and junior high decisions in favor of Mr. Doherty and to, Cal. 95814, Keren Leigh is the secretary schools where we begin to lose such a large against the government in every proceeding there. The publications include "Care of number of our children. Several years ago my initiated by the government; and Native Oaks", which alerts tree owners to concern with education led me to set up a Whereas, Mr. Doherty would never dis­ the hazards that oaks face in urban settings. Martin Luther King Commission in my district honor those who have supported him by The second publication, "How to Collect, which was primarily concerned with the im­ failing to respect and scrupulously abide by Store, and Plant Acorns", was prepared in provement of education. Each year we spon­ any and every condition imposed on him in cooperation with the University of Califor­ conjunction with the grant of bail; there- nia's Hardwood Range Management Pro­ sor essay, poetry, and art contests. fore, be it ' gram, and gives the basic information Last month this Central Brooklyn Martin Resolved, That America has always been a needed by anyone planning an oak planting Luther King Commission voted to initiate a place of asylum for the oppressed and a project. In California there are 7,300,000 Positive Rap Project designed to explore ways haven for the politically persecuted; and, be acres classified as hardwood range, the offi­ to use Rap, a teenage craze which often em­ it further cial term for the beautiful California hill ploys rhythm and rhyme in ways that are quite Resolved, That the AFL-CIO petitions country that is dotted with oak trees. creative. There is considerable controversy President George Bush and Attorney Curricula being prepared by the Oak Genral Richard Thornburgh to implement Foundation on the study of oaks, are of­ about the substance of what is often being the provisions of House Concurrent Resolu­ fered by the Oak Foundation in three sets said; however, the format, the medium, is an tion No. 62, introduced by U.S. Rep. Thomas for schools in the state. Volunteers around exciting one. Our commission voted to seek Manton on February 28, 1989, which calls the state have formed groups, and are al­ ways to promote positive substance in the upon the Attorney General to grant bail to ready engaged in oak planting and oak Rap style. Joseph Doherty and, ultimately political maintenance. One such group, the Nature Although I am not a musician, the purely asylum; and, be it further Conservancy's habitat restoration program poetic component of the Raps has aroused Resolved, That copies of this resolution at the Cosumnes River Preserve, is now in my interest since I sometimes write poetry as will be forwarded to President Bush and At­ its third year, and has planted thousands of torney General Thornburgh and to all U.S. oaks in addition to weeding and maintaining an outlet for my political frustrations. Very few Congressmen who have not yet co-spon­ seedlings on 73 acres of newly planted oak Federal actions have been as frustrating as sored House Resolution 62 or Senate Reso­ riparian forest. Of 5,955 acorns planted, the bailout of the Savings and Loan Associa­ lution 62. first year survival was over 90%. tions. April19, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7675 Today my two concerns came together. As This study highlights what some of my col­ On July 23, 1989, Mexico became the first a way to illustrate some understanding of the leagues and I have been saying for a long country to reach a tenative new debt young Rap artists I decided to write a few Rap time. In a relatively short period, Mexico has agreement under the Brady Plan style poems. My second attempt has focused achieved a remarkable degree of trade liberal­ Mexico's commercial bank creditors on my frustration with the Congress and its si­ ization for a developing country. Though there agreed, for the first time, to forgive part of lence on the S&L excesses. I would like to is still room for improvement, Mexico has dra­ Mexico's medium- and long-term debts to them. The agreement also provides for a offer "The S and L Riot." This poem is dedi­ matically opened its economy to foreign prod­ cated to the millions of Americans who will substantial reduction in interest rates on ucts and investment. part of the debt, and for several billion dol­ never see the peace dividend because it will The executive summary of this report fol­ lars in new loans and other assistance. all be used to bail out the racketeering Sav­ lows: ings and Loan Associations: GATT ACCESSION AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE SUMMARY DEVELOPMENTS THE s AND L RIOT This report covers the first phase of the There's a riot at the mint! On November 26, 1985, President Miguel de But you gotta be a gent Commission's investigation of Mexico's la Madrid announced that Mexico would To break in here only MBA's trade and investment reforms and the impli­ begin negotiations with GATT for mem­ You must comprehend their deregulated cations of those reforms for the United bership. In August 1986, Mexico became ways. States. On October 18, 1989, the Commis­ the 92nd Contracting Party There's a riot at the mint! sion received a request from the House Committee on Ways and Means to provide a Mexico first attempted to join the GATT Don't just stand there in 1979. However, on March 18, 1980, Presi­ Kick the treasury door down comprehensive review of Mexico's recent trade and investment reforms and to ex­ dent Jose Lopez Portillo announced that You know the auditors promised Mexico would delay its entry to GATT, That they wouldn't come around. plore experts' views on prospects for future U.S.-Mexican relations. In response to the based on various internal political and eco­ Despite bright daylight they'll take every nomic considerations. cent Committee's request, the Commission insti­ There's a riot at the mint! tuted a two-phase study, investigation No. Mexico agreed to become a signatory to Jive No cop sirens will wail 332-282, under section 332(g) of the Tariff of the Tokyo Round Codes: licensing, cus­ No nice gents will they jail. Act of 1930. Phase II, Prospects for Future toms valuation, antidumping, standards, There's a riot at the mint! United States-Mexican Relations, will be and subsidies You can't hole up here with a Honda submitted to the Committee in October Mexico signed three of the codes on July Bring your Lincoln, Cadillac, Mercedes or 1990. 26, 1987; the Standards Code was signed in Rolls Royce OVERVIEW: THE MEXICAN ECONOMY January 1988. The Subsidies Code has yet Champagne, Caviar-the very best when they rejoice. Prior to its recent reforms, Mexico's econom­ to be signed. Reagan was the host ic policies during the post-war era were Two "Understandings" between the United Who gave them the most highly interventionist and protective States and Mexico have emphasized the But there's a new chump now Like many other developing countries, importance of liberalized bilateral trade Hurry old boys wherever you are Mexico pursued industrialization through Most analysts agree that the 1987 Frame- Come and milk the golden cow import substitution. It imposed formidable work Understanding was a catalyst that im­ Push the RTC to give more milk tariffs and nontariff barriers on imports and proved U.S.-Mexican bilateral relations. The Wrap your rotten bankruptcy in priceless subsidized manufacturing industries. More­ silk. 1989 consultative Understanding Regarding There's a riot at the mint! over, the Government restricted direct for­ Trade and Investment Talks created a par­ You must comprehend their deregulated eign investment and foreign ownership of allel mechanism for industry-specific and ways assets, controlled the peso exchange rate, cross-sectoral negotiations. Negotiations on No loot for anybody but MBA's. restricted access to foreign exchange, as­ various topics will be completed over the There's a riot at the mint! sumed direct control of more than 1,000 next several years; standards and petro­ Don't you wish you were a gent? business enterprises, and established com­ chemicals have been chosen as the first Thoroughbreds race to the scene plex regulations for others. These policies topics. helped to develop the manufacturing sector, All of their riders are mean. Mexico is viewed as a moderate in the Uru­ When our mint is picked clean but they also created problems that contrib­ uted to the economic crises Mexico faced in guay Round; it has offered highly regarded Hear these haughty hogs all scream proposals in three traditionally controver­ That there's no free lunch! the 1980s. Only this plump bunch sial areas By the late 1970s, Mexico had accumulated a In the services negotiating group, Mexico Deserves a national free lunch. sizable debt that it could not service with­ There's a riot at the mint! has advocated the principle of "relative reci­ None of these gents plan to repent out additional loans procity." In intellectual property rights dis­ This rape is obscene The world's commercial banks stopped cussions, Mexico has proposed a balance be­ These gents are real mean lending to Mexico in the summer of 1982. tween protection and development. In in­ Keep your children inside On August 8, 1982, Mexico announced that vestment, it proposed a study of trade-relat­ Teach them true national pride. it could not make scheduled payments on its ed investment measures. During the invest­ There's a riot at the mint! $86 billion debt and turned to the IMF for ment discussions, Mexico was singled out by There's a riot at the mint! assistance. U.S. representatives as an example of a After the 1982 debt crisis, the Mexican econ­ country that has eased investment restric­ tions without hampering development. MEXICO MAKES PROGRESS omy began to expand in 1984, but the im­ provement was short-lived. By 1985, eco­ DEREGULATION AND PRIVATIZATION IN MEXICO nomic stagnation had again set in. New HON. DONALD J. PEASE international financial agreements were Based on the premise that excessive and ob­ reached in 1986 solete regulations were largely responsible OF OHIO for inefficiency in the use of Mexican re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Major shocks, including a devastating earthquake in 1985 and dramatic declines in sources, Mexico has implemented a Jar­ Thursday, April19, 1990 world oil prices, virtually halted Mexico's reaching program of deregulation Mr. PEASE. Mr. Speaker, I would like to call economic growth. Mexico obtained new The Mexican Secretariat of Commerce attention to an important study just completed agreements with the IMF, World Bank, and and Industrial Development underground. The machine con­ Americans dominated the field from the like to know that the 88th Club remembers tains 330,000 cubic meters (431,640 cu. yds.> mid-1940s to the 1970s, but Europe's CERN of concrete and holds some 60,000 tons of started stealing much of the glory in the him with great fondness, and we drink a toast hardware, including nearly 5,000 electro­ 1980s. Without the SSC, its proponents con­ to him today. One of our members, Federal magnets, four particle detectors weighing tend, many of the best American physicists Judge William Hungate, has written a toast of more than 3,000 tons each, 160 computers will emigrate to Europe. In fact, the brain the 88th Club, and I quote it to you: "88th, and 6,600 km (4,000 miles> of electrical drain has already begun: last year, for the 88th, here's a toast to thee, banner class, the cables. Tangles of brightly colored wires first time, the number of American experi­ very best, in our history!" Mr. Speaker, SPARK sprout everywhere, linking equipment to­ menters working at CERN surpassed the MATSUNAGA was the very best in our history. gether in a pattern so complicated, it seems total number of scientists from CERN's 14 that no one could possibly understand or member countries who had moved to U.S. operate the device. In fact, it takes the com­ research centers. THE ULTIMATE QUEST: THE bined efforts of literally hundreds of Ph.D.s The international competition has RACE TO DISCOVER THE to run a single experiment. spurred remarkable progress in the effort to BUILDING BLOCKS OF LEP and other large accelerators have understand nature's mysteries. Says theo­ MATTER been built to probe the nature of matter on retical physicist Steven Weinberg of the a scale far smaller than that of the atom. University of Texas in Austin: "Before, we The goal is to answer ancient and funda­ had a zoo of particles, but no one knew why HON. ROBERT A. ROE mental questions: What is the universe they were the way they were. Now we have OF NEW JERSEY made of, and what are the forces that bind a simple picture." That picture, known as its part together? These questions cannot be the Standard Model, is based on a set of HON. ROBERT S. WALKER answered without an understanding of what theories that attempt to describe the nature OF PENNSYLVANIA happened in the Big Bang, the unimagina­ of matter and energy as simply as possible. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bly hot and dense fireball that 15 billion The model holds that nearly all the matter years ago gave birth to the universe and all we know of, from garter snakes to galaxies, Thursday, April19, 1990 it contains. is composed of just four particles: two Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, on behalf of myself In a very real sense, accelerators are time quarks, which make up the protons and and the distinguished gentleman from Penn­ machines that recreate the primordial fire­ neutrons in atomic nuclei; electrons, which sylvania [Mr. WALKER], the ranking Republican ball in miniature to unlock its secrets. The surround the nuclei; and neutrinos, which collision of two accelerated particles re­ are fast-moving, virtually massless objects member of the Committee on Science, Space, leases enormous bursts of energy. But that that are shot out of nuclear reactions. and Technology, I wish to submit the following energy instantly condenses into a new array These particles of matter are, in turn, acted article from the April 16 issue of Time maga­ of particles, some of which may not have ex­ upon by four forces: the strong nuclear zine. The article discusses the important con­ isted since the Big Bang. force, which binds quarks together in tributions of high-energy accelerators and the This power to go back 15 billion years in atomic nuclei; the weak nuclear force, role of the Superconducting Super Collider time has touched off one of the most heated which triggers some forms of radioactive [SSC] in keeping the United States in the fore­ competitions in the history of science, a decay; electromagnetism, which builds front of particle-physics research. race that pits Europe's LEP against U.S. en­ atoms into molecules and molecules into tries led by the powerful Tevatron at Fermi macroscopic matter; and gravity. An entire­ The Committee on Science, Space, and National Accelerator Laboratory in California. Huge and forth between particles, people and thorization Act of 1990. As chairman of the teams of physicists at the rival centers are planets. committee and ranking Republican member, working day and night to discover the next The basic "family" of particles is supple­ we wholeheartedly seek the support of all our new particle and to explain the behavior of mented by two more exotic families, each of colleagues for this forward-thinking legislation. those already found. In recent years, each which has a parallel structure: two quarks, a lab has had its share of triumphs. type of electron and a type of neutrino. THE ULTIMATE QUEST But none of the current generation of ac­ These two extra families are all but extinct celerators are big enough or powerful in the modern universe, but they apparently The elevator doors opened into a cavern­ enough to re-create the very earliest frac­ existed in the searing heat of the Big Bang, ous room in an underground tunnel outside tions of a second after the Big Bank, where and only accelerators can re-create them. In Geneva. Out came the eminent British as­ answers to the most intriguing mysteries are fact, all of the quarks in all of the families trophysicist Stephen Hawking, in a wheel­ thought to lie. So U.S. physicists have em­ have been found or re-created-except for chair as always. He was there to behold a barked on a bold quest: the building of a co­ the one called the top, which is believed to wondrous sight. Before him loomed a giant lossal collider that will dwarf today's accel- be the heaviest of all