Wireless Technologies in Industrial Iot

BRKIOT-2526

Wireless Technologies in Industrial IoT

Bibin Raveendran – Product Manager, Industrial IoT Networking Linyu Lu – Technical Marketing Engineer, Industrial IoT Networking Agenda • Introduction

• Industrial IoT Wireless Landscape

• Industrial Wi-Fi Software Innovations

• Use Case Examples

• Industrial Wi-Fi portfolio

• Summary

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James Clerk Maxwell

Heinrich Hertz

James Clerk Maxwell

Heinrich Hertz

James Clerk Maxwell

Heinrich Hertz

James Clerk Maxwell Guglielmo Marconi

1981 Basic Voice No Internet

1G 1992 0.3 Mbps First digital 1981 standards (GSM, Basic Voice CDMA) No Internet

2G 2001 1G 42 Mbps 1992 First mobile broadband 0.3 Mbps First digital 1981 standards (GSM, Basic Voice CDMA) No Internet

3G 2011 2G 100 Mbps 2001 LTE 1G 42 Mbps 1992 First mobile broadband 0.3 Mbps First digital 1981 standards (GSM, Basic Voice CDMA) No Internet

4G ??

3G 2011 2G 100 Mbps 2001 LTE 1G 42 Mbps 1992 First mobile broadband 0.3 Mbps First digital 1981 standards (GSM, Basic Voice CDMA) No Internet

802.11a 54 Mbps 5GHz spectrum Short range

1999 1999 2003 2009 2014 2015 2019

802.11a 54 Mbps 5GHz spectrum Short range

1999 1999 2003 2009 2014 2015 2019

802.11b 11 Mbps 2.4GHz spectrum More coverage

802.11a 802.11g 54 Mbps 54 Mbps 5GHz spectrum 2.4GHz spectrum Short range More coverage

1999 1999 2003 2009 2014 2015 2019

802.11b 11 Mbps 2.4GHz spectrum More coverage

802.11a 802.11g 54 Mbps 54 Mbps 5GHz spectrum 2.4GHz spectrum Short range More coverage

1999 1999 2003 2009 2014 2015 2019

802.11b 802.11n 11 Mbps 540 Mbps 2.4GHz spectrum 3x3 MIMO More coverage More coverage

802.11a 802.11g 802.11ac W1 54 Mbps 54 Mbps 1.3 Gbps 5GHz spectrum 2.4GHz spectrum Dual band Short range More coverage 3x3 MIMO

1999 1999 2003 2009 2014 2015 2019

802.11b 802.11n 11 Mbps 540 Mbps 2.4GHz spectrum 3x3 MIMO More coverage More coverage

802.11a 802.11g 802.11ac W1 54 Mbps 54 Mbps 1.3 Gbps 5GHz spectrum 2.4GHz spectrum Dual band Short range More coverage 3x3 MIMO

1999 1999 2003 2009 2014 2015 2019

802.11b 802.11n 802.11ac W2 11 Mbps 540 Mbps 6.9 Gbps 2.4GHz spectrum 3x3 MIMO 4x4 MU-MIMO More coverage More coverage Upto 160MHz channel

802.11a 802.11g 802.11ac W1 802.11ax 54 Mbps 54 Mbps 1.3 Gbps 11Gbps 5GHz spectrum 2.4GHz spectrum Dual band Wi-Fi 6 Short range More coverage 3x3 MIMO MU-MIMO both directions

1999 1999 2003 2009 2014 2015 2019

802.11b 802.11n 802.11ac W2 11 Mbps 540 Mbps 6.9 Gbps 2.4GHz spectrum 3x3 MIMO 4x4 MU-MIMO More coverage More coverage Upto 160MHz channel

LoRaWAN SigFox 3GPP NB-IoT

Long Range

LoRaWAN SigFox 3GPP NB-IoT

Long Range

LoRaWAN SigFox 3GPP NB-IoT

Long Range

LoRaWAN SigFox 3GPP NB-IoT

Long Range

LoRaWAN SigFox 3GPP NB-IoT

• 902-928 MHz band 802.15.4g/e • Smart grid applications

• Developed by ISA ISA100.11a • Wireless for Industrial automation • Backbone routers to bridge network

• 902-928 MHz band 802.15.4g/e • Smart grid applications

• Developed by ISA ISA100.11a • Wireless for Industrial automation • Backbone routers to bridge network

• Low channel BW – 1 MHz ZigBee • 250 Kbps • 10-30m range

• 902-928 MHz band 802.15.4g/e • Smart grid applications

• Developed by ISA ISA100.11a • Wireless for Industrial automation • Backbone routers to bridge network

• Low channel BW – 1 MHz ZigBee • 250 Kbps • 10-30m range

• Developed by HART Communication W-HART • 2.4 GHz band • Mesh architecture, up to 30,000 devices

802.11ah (HaLow) Extended range WiFi. 900MHz frequency band. 347 Mbps.

BLE Short Range. 2.4GHz frequency. Low power consumption.

802.11ah (HaLow) Extended range WiFi. 900MHz frequency band. 347 Mbps.

BLE Short Range. 2.4GHz frequency. Low power consumption.

802.11ah (HaLow) Extended range WiFi. 1901.2 PLC 900MHz frequency band. Smart grid application. 347 Mbps. 500KHz frequency band.

802.11p BLE To support ITS. Short Range. V2X communication. 2.4GHz frequency. Licensed ITS band 5.9GHz. Low power consumption. Framework for DSRC.

802.11ah (HaLow) Extended range WiFi. 1901.2 PLC 900MHz frequency band. Smart grid application. 347 Mbps. 500KHz frequency band.

Topology

Coverage Range

Data Rate

Public vs Private

TCO

Resilient Mesh

Topology Mesh

1.5km per hop Coverage Range up to 8 hops

50kbps - Data Rate 1.2Mbps

Public vs Private Private

TCO Low-Medium

Resilient Mesh WiFi

Mesh Topology Mesh point to multipoint 1.5km per hop Coverage Range 300 feet up to 8 hops

50kbps - 11Mbs (.b) Data Rate 1.2Mbps 1.7 Gbs (.ac W2)

Public vs Private Private Private/Public

TCO Low-Medium High

Resilient Mesh WiFi LoRa

Mesh Topology Mesh Point to multipoint point to multipoint 1.5km per hop Coverage Range 300 feet 2k-10km up to 8 hops

50kbps - 11Mbs (.b) Data Rate 250bs-21kbs 1.2Mbps 1.7 Gbs (.ac W2)

Public vs Private Private Private/Public Private/Public

TCO Low-Medium High Low

Resilient Mesh WiFi LoRa Cellular

Mesh Topology Mesh Point to multipoint Point to multipoint point to multipoint 1.5km per hop Coverage Range 300 feet 2k-10km 10’s km up to 8 hops 300 Mbps (DL)/50Mbs 50kbps - 11Mbs (.b) (UL) LTE Cat.6 Data Rate 250bs-21kbs 1.2Mbps 1.7 Gbs (.ac W2) 10Mbs (DL)/5Mbs (UL) Cat.1 Public vs Private Private Private/Public Private/Public Public

TCO Low-Medium High Low Medium-High

IoT Wireless Technology

Device/Subscription Cost

IoT Wireless Technology

Device/Subscription Licensed vs Unlicensed Cost License

IoT Wireless Technology

Device/Subscription Licensed vs Unlicensed Cost License

IoT Wireless Technology

Distance Transmit Power

Device/Subscription Licensed vs Unlicensed Cost License

IoT Wireless Technology

Distance Use Case Transmit Power Indoor vs Outdoor

Wi-Fi Network

Workgroup Bridge

Stationary and Mobile Assets

Traditional Bridge Device Industrial application needs

Wi-Fi Network • Reliability Key Challenges • Unpredictive RF interference • Channel congestion • RF shadowing • Frequent handover Connect with single radio (either 2.4GHz or 5GHz)

Redundancy Solution

Wi-Fi Network By connecting multiple radios, we introduce redundancy mechanism for bridge 2.4GHz 5GHz device

Connect with multiple radios (2.4GHz and 5GHz)

Active/Standby Approach • Connect with two radios • Dynamic data transmission based on link metrics WGB Dynamic Link • Signal strength (RSSI) Forwarding • Data transmission rate • Packet loss • Packet retries

Enable consistent and reliable data connectivity for wireless network

WLC Switch Application

CAPWAP CAPWAP

AP AP

WGB

Switch

Application

WLC Switch Application • Each radio maintains its associations to APs

CAPWAP CAPWAP

AP AP

2.4G 5G

WGB

Switch

Application

WLC Switch Application • Each radio maintains its associations to APs • Radio metrics are continually learned and CAPWAP CAPWAP compared

AP AP

2.4G 5G Learning metrics

WGB

Switch

Application

WLC Switch Application • Each radio maintains its associations to APs • Radio metrics are continually learned and CAPWAP CAPWAP compared • Optimal link is selective as active link to AP AP forward application traffic 2.4G 5G Active link Learning Inactive link metrics

WGB

Switch

Application

Switch

Application

WGB • Link switchover whenever active link down/disassociated or roam Switch

Application

WGB • Link switchover whenever active link down/disassociated or roam Switch • Support stationary and roaming scenarios Application

WGB • Link switchover whenever active link down/disassociated or roam Switch • Support stationary and roaming scenarios Application • Link switchover transparent to application

Dynamic Link Switch Roaming Aware Intelligent Path Selection

Radio failover, Consistent on- Instant adapt to maximize the-move changing RF system connectivity environment availability

BRKIOT-2526 © 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21 Test Result Dynamic Link Forwarding Adjacent channel interference is injected across the test Traditional bridge device

With dynamic link forwarding enabled, consistent end to end UDP Throughput can achieve even when interference presents BRKIOT-2526 © 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22 Two Redundancy Approaches

Parallel Redundant Approach • IEC 62439-3 • Redundant radio path for data transmission • Redundancy box (RedBox) PRP Over Wireless sends two data copies • Recipient RedBox receives the first packet and discard the second packet

Enable consistent and reliable data connectivity for wireless network

AP AP

WGB

Switch

Application

AP AP SSID A 2.4G 5G SSID B (LAN_A) (LAN_B)

WGB

Switch

Application

BRKIOT-2526 © 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24 Sample Topology for Single WGB PRP PRP Aggregate Switch WLC Switch Application • Two radios associate to different SSIDs • WGB serves as PRP Redbox performs packet duplication and duplication discard function

AP AP SSID A 2.4G 5G SSID B (LAN_A) Data Data (LAN_B)

WGB

Data Switch

Data Application

BRKIOT-2526 © 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24 Sample Topology for Single WGB PRP PRP Aggregate Switch WLC Switch Application • Two radios associate to different SSIDs • WGB serves as PRP Redbox performs LAN_A Data LAN_B Data packet duplication and duplication discard function

AP AP • AP forward redundant traffic over different SSID A 2.4G 5G SSID B SSIDs (LAN_A) Data Data (LAN_B)

WGB

Data Switch

Data Application

BRKIOT-2526 © 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24 Sample Topology for Single WGB PRP PRP Aggregate Switch WLC Switch Data Application • Two radios associate to different SSIDs Data • WGB serves as PRP Redbox performs LAN_A Data LAN_B Data packet duplication and duplication discard function

AP AP • AP forward redundant traffic over different SSID A 2.4G 5G SSID B SSIDs (LAN_A) Data Data (LAN_B) • Aggregate switch carries the duplicated packets over different VLANs WGB

Data Switch

Data Application

BRKIOT-2526 © 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24 Sample Topology for Single WGB PRP PRP Aggregate Switch WLC Switch Data Data Application • Two radios associate to different SSIDs Data • WGB serves as PRP Redbox performs LAN_A Data LAN_B Data packet duplication and duplication discard function

AP AP • AP forward redundant traffic over different SSID A 2.4G 5G SSID B SSIDs (LAN_A) Data Data (LAN_B) • Aggregate switch carries the duplicated packets over different VLANs WGB • PRP switch as RedBox performs packet Data duplication and duplication discard Switch

Data Application

Data Application from roaming at the same time

Full redundant data path . Hitless redundancy, zero recovery time in event of temporary failure

First arriving packet forward principle . Reduce packet average delay and jitter

Roaming Coordination . Mitigate packet drops caused by handoff

Dynamic Link Forwarding PRP over Wireless Data goes to optimal radio Duplicated data sent over Data Flow path redundant path

Advantages Radio failover Hitless redundancy

Infrastructure AP Technically any Cisco AP* Cisco Wave1 APs

Local /Bridge mode Flexconnect mode AP mode Data goes through WLC Data does not go through WLC

Additional PRP switch on Deployment Software upgrade network side

Project Scope • Migrate existing Profibus communication system to new Profinet/WIFI solution • Upgrade visualization

HMI

PLC IE4000

IW3702 IW3702 IW3702

IR829 as WGB Cis819H as WGB Fast Secure Roaming - critical IO Device IO Device operation for the Profinet communication (< 100msec)

Cisco IE-4000-4TC4G-E Cisco WLC PLC

PROFINET-INspector

Cisco IE-4000-4GC4GP4G-E Cisco IE-4000-4GC4GP4G-E

Cisco IW3702 Cisco IW3702

SSID: PRP_2.4 SSID: PRP_5 SSID: PRP_2.4 SSID: PRP_5

Cisco IW3702 Cisco IW3702

Profinet PLC Data Data WLC PRP SW

.1Q Data .1Q Data

Agg SW Agg SW

.1Q .1Q Data .1Q .1Q Data .1Q .1Q Data .1Q .1Q Data .1Q .1Q Data .1Q .1Q Data SSID: PRP_2.4_1 SSID: PRP_2.4_2 SSID: PRP_2.4_1 SSID: PRP_2.4_2 AP SSID: PRP_5_2 AP SSID: PRP_5_1 AP SSID: PRP_5_2 AP SSID: PRP_5_1

Data Data Data Data Data Data Profinet IO Profinet IO Profinet IO PRP WGB PRP WGB PRP WGB

32ms update time with dot1x authentication !!!

• Multiple applications co- exist on the same wireless networks • Guarantee bandwidth for mission safety critical application • Communication loss of certain time will cause mining truck stop

IW3702 and traffic generator

3 Mining trucks

• Multi-VLAN support over the air and on-board the vehicle • QoS policies prioritize and protect business critical

VLAN 10 VIA applications IAPP VL10,20 • Unsolicited multicast and VLAN 20 ,30,40 broadcast

VLAN 30

VLAN 40

• Best effort coverage model won’t work • More AP density required • A voice grade network is almost required • Less reliance on MESH • Dual band 2.4/5 client coverage

Industrial Switching IoT Gateways Industrial Routing Cisco Resilient Mesh Low Power Industrial Wireless Wide Area Wireless

ASR 902U/903U/920U, LoRaWAN IE 1K,2K,3K,4K,5K, CGS 819-MNA, IR807, IR809, IR829 CGR 1000, CGR 2000 IR500, DevNet IXM Gateway AP1552H, IW3702

Industrial Security Embedded IoT Edge Computing Management & Connected Safety Kinetic and Automation and Security Control Center

Video Surveillance Manager, IOx Field Network Director Cisco IP Cameras Kinetic ISA 3000 ESS, ESR IC 3000 Industrial Network Director Jasper Control Center

• 802.11a/b/g/n radio interface (up to 300 Mbps) with external antennas • Qualified for hazardous locations: ATEX Class I, Division 2/Zone 2, IECEx • Optional SS316 hardware and mounting kits for corrosion protection • Ideal for the process and natural resources industry (oil and gas refineries, chemical plants, mining pits) • Integrated with ISA100 Wireless and WirelessHART compatible radio for 1552H 1552SA/SD 1552WU wireless sensor networks 3 Antennas (2.4/5 GHz) 3 Antennas (2.4/5 GHz) 6 Antennas (3x2.4/3x5 GHz) AC Power AC and DC Power models DC Power Integrated ISA100 and WirelessHART Gateway WirelessHART radio

• Industrial 802.11ac wireless access point with speed up to 1.3Gbps • Designed and certified for extreme environments • Sustains reliable connections at high speeds • Employs scalable and secure mesh architecture for highly resilient Wi-Fi services • Includes Power over Ethernet (PoE) output to enable external devices • Extends the Cisco Unified Wireless Network to ruggedized environment

Transportation Manufacturing Mining Smart Cities

Compact Shock and 1 Form-factor 2 Vibration

-50 - 75◦C Din-Rail 3 Extended 4 or Pole Temperature Mounts

Industry Safety Standards 5 6 Certifications

Compact Shock and 1 Form-factor 2 Vibration

-50 - 75◦C Din-Rail 3 Extended 4 or Pole Temperature Mounts

Industry Safety Standards 5 6 Certifications

Transportation

• On-board Wi-Fi • Video surveillance • Communication Based Train Control (CBTC) • Inter-carriage wireless backbone • Train stations and mass transit depots

Transportation Manufacturing

• On-board Wi-Fi • Wireless tooling • Video surveillance • Monitoring hard-to- • Communication Based reach and restricted Train Control (CBTC) areas • Inter-carriage wireless • PLCs and automated backbone guided vehicles • Train stations and mass transit depots

Transportation Manufacturing Mining

• On-board Wi-Fi • Wireless tooling • Open pit mining • Video surveillance • Monitoring hard-to- vehicles and reach and restricted underground mining • Communication Based assets Train Control (CBTC) areas • Mesh infrastructure for • Inter-carriage wireless • PLCs and automated guided vehicles open pit and backbone underground • Train stations and mass environments transit depots

Transportation Manufacturing Mining Smart Cities

• On-board Wi-Fi • Wireless tooling • Open pit mining • Outdoor city Wi-Fi vehicles and • Video surveillance • Monitoring hard-to- • Video surveillance reach and restricted underground mining • Communication Based assets • Stadiums and stations Train Control (CBTC) areas • Mesh infrastructure for • Inter-carriage wireless • PLCs and automated guided vehicles open pit and backbone underground • Train stations and mass environments transit depots

• IoT wireless is more than one technology

• Cisco Industrial WiFi enables reliable connection for industrial application

• IoT wireless is more than one technology

• Cisco Industrial WiFi enables reliable connection for industrial application

• Understand application needs before designing industrial WiFi network

Products: • 1552 Access Point • IW3702 Access Point Solutions: • Oil & Gas • Mining Design Guides: • Connected Refineries Cisco Reference Design • Connected Pipeline Cisco Validates Design YouTube Video: • Cisco IoT Wireless Solution

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