FDNT10 Su20- Lecture7

6/28/20

+ + Agenda Vegetarianism

GMO and Organic n Q & A n Diet and Wellness Plus

Foods n Midterm 1 n Video: The Power of Yet

n Lecture:

n Vegetar ian Diets FDNT10 – Lecture 7 n GMO and Organic Foods

Mari Morris, MAS, RD

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+ + Review of Last Lecture: Protein Structure of Proteins Amino Acids are the building blocks for proteins.

n What is the basic structure of protein?

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+ + Structure of Proteins Review of Last Lecture: Protein

n 20 amino acids appear in proteins n RDA set for protein is based on what 2 functions?

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+ + RDA = Protein needs for… Review of Last Lecture: Protein

n Who may have increased needs for protein? (Beyond 0.8grams/kg healthy body weight)

Structure Regulation

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+ Higher amounts of Protein needed + for:

n Children

n Pregnancy

n Injury/Illness Vegetar ian Diets n Exercise

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+ + Why Choose Vegetarianism? How many adults in the US are Vegetarians?

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+ + Vegetarian Diets Around the World Vegan Diet

n Japan

n “Shojin Ryori” – “Devotion cuisine” n What is veganism? n Buddhist monks n May also exclude root vegetables

n India

n Largest % of population compared to other countries estimated 31% of population.

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+ + What are the health benefits? Controversy

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+ + Vegetarian/Vegan Concer ns Vegan Concer ns

n Association with depressive symptoms n Vitamins n Mineral concerns n However, the fact that any food item exclusion was associated with n Need B12 supplements n Iron increased risk of depression suggests that the association n Vitamin D may be lacking n Zinc between vegetarian diets and depression could be only a n Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) n Calcium particular instance of a broader association between depressive symptoms and food exclusion, regardless of food types. n Longitudinal data needed - which came first? n Need to study personality, eating disorder hx etc.

If calories are adequate in the diet then protein intake is usually NOT a problem. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6267287/

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+ + Protein in the MyPlate Plan Lacto-Ovo Vegetarian

n For a 2000 calorie diet n 2 ½ cups vegetables = 10 grams n Includes dairy and eggs n 6 oz. grain = 18 grams

n No meat, fish or poultry n 5 ½ oz. protein = 40 grams n Vegan: n 2 cups beans = 28 grams n 2 tbsp. Peanut butter = 7 grams n 3 cups of dairy = 24 grams n Vegan: n 1 cup Calcium fortified OJ n 2 cups Soy/Rice/Almond milk w/ calcium = 16 grams

n Total protein = 92 grams n VEGAN = 79 grams

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+ + Lacto-Ovo Concerns 11 Non-Essential Amino Acids

n Vitamins n Fat concerns n Can be made by the body in sufficient amounts but… n Are usually ok n High saturated fat n High cholesterol n High total fat n Minerals n Iron

n Zinc

+ + 9 Essential Amino Acids Complete Proteins

n Cannot be made by the body in sufficient amounts n Contain all the essential amino acids n Must be obtained from food

n Animal foods

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+ + Incomplete Proteins Making Complete Proteins Mutual Supplementation

n Plant foods are usually limited in one or more essential amino n Legumes acids n Grains n Nuts and seeds

n Vegetables

+ Essential Amino Acids Vegetarian Resources

n Dining out resources n Happycow.net Low or Missing n Vegguide.org

n Vegan Beer/Wine/Spirits (yep, not all are vegan!) Low or Missing n barnivore.com

n Veganhealth.org (written by an RD)

n Norecipes.com (vegan and non-vegan recipes) J

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+ Vegetarian Diets In Summary

n There are health benefits to Vegetarian Diets n People who are Vegan/vegetarian tend to make other healthy life choices as well n Healthy Vegetarian/Vegan diets need to be well planned + n Some vitamins and minerals may be lacking Genetically Modified n Variety is key to meet protein needs Organisms (GMOs)

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+ What are some beliefs/fears we + have about GMO foods?

GMO

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+ + Are GMOs Good or Bad? Genetic Engineering & Our Food

n https://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=7TmcXYp8xu4

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+ + Pesticides

n Pesticides are "natural", as in nutrients, they are still toxic

n There is no such thing as a nontoxic pesticide

n http://thefoodiefarmer.blogspot.in/2015/03/nutrients-are-pesticides-dose- makes.html?m=1

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+ What is organic mean to you?

+ What is Organic food?

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+ + Is organic worth the cost?

n https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PmM6SUn7Es&feature= youtu.be

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Click here to create or select a different Select date profile Can’t find the food? Use recipes or Search for custom foods… or use the bar code foods scanner in the phone app.

Click track diet to enter in foods

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Click on Reports

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+ + 3 Day Average Report Homework

n Make sure you select the correct 3 days!! n Read Chapter 9

n Give it a little time to load n Review quiz 7 (super short)

n Then save it as a PDF (it may be 15+ pages) n GMO/Organic Foods Assignment

n SUBMIT IT – online by July 7th n Start part 2 if you have full credit on part 1 of the Diet Analysis Project

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