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Deuteromycota Phylum: Deuteromycota Commonly Referred to As the Fungi Imperfecti Or Imperfect Fungi
Deuteromycota Phylum: Deuteromycota Commonly referred to as the Fungi Imperfecti or imperfect fungi. Classification based on asexual stage because: Sexual reproduction rare, occurs only in narrow environmental parameters. Sexual phase of life cycle no longer exist. Phylum: Deuteromycota Phylum: Deuteromycota Only asexual reproduction occurs, typically conidia borne on When mycelial septate. conidiophores. Thallus also may be yeast or dimorphic. Classified according to conidia color, When sexual reproduction discovered, shape, size and number of septa. usually an Ascomycota or less often Form taxon: An artificial classification Basidiomycota. scheme. When sexual reproduction discovered, usually an Ascomycota or less often Basidiomycota. Purpose of Deuteromycota Purpose of Deuteromycota Division was erected to accommodate Instead, recall example of Emericella conidia producing fungi with unknown variecolor (=Aspergillus variecolor). sexual cycle. When sexual stage discovered, Emericella variecolor, the sexual species would be reclassified stage is the telomorph. according to sexual stage. Aspergillus variecolor, the asexual In practice this concept did not work. stage is the anamorph. Thus, sexual stage is often present. 1 Defining Taxa in Deuteromycota Taxonomy of Deuteromycota based mostly on spore morphology Saccardoan System of spore Saccardoan System of classification. Oldest system of defining taxa in Spore Classification. fungi. Artificial means of classification. No longer used in other taxa. Amerosporae: Conidia one celled, Didymosporae: Conidia Ovoid sphaerical, ovoid to elongate or to oblong, one septate short cylindric. Allantosporae: Conidia bean- Hyalodidymospore: shaped, hyaline Conidia Hyaline. to dark. Phaeodidymospore: Hyalosporae: Conidia dark. Conidia hyaline Phaeosporae: Conidia dark. Phragmosporae: Conidia oblong, Dictyosporae: Conidia ovoid to two to many transverse septa oblong, transversely and longitudinally septate. Hyalophramospore: Conidia hyaline. -
2019 Midyear Report
President Report This New Year brings for MSA a new direction for the society. MSA has a new association manager group, The Rees Group based in Madison, Wisconsin. We are working with them and Allen Press for an easy transition. A new web page will be develop that will be more dynamic and device responsive. The web page should be ready sometime in March. The change in web page will be transparent to the members. IMC was a complete success with 842 registered people (813 full registration, 14 one day passes and 15 guests). From the total registered number of delegates, only 701 checked-in at the IMC11 representing fifty three (53) countries in the mycological world. The congress included 45 symposia each with 6 presentations, 8 plenary speakers covering a wide range of topics and 613 poster presentations. The total expenses for the event were $482,612.04 and a total sum of $561,187 was recovered (For details see tables below). The income included registration fees, field trips, workshops, exhibitor’s fees and sponsor contributions. Expenses Convention Center Expenses Rental $37,500.00 Food and Beverage $214,559.00 Taxes & Fees $67,891.51 Total $319,950.51 Speakers Fees & Travel Costs Speakers Expenses $7,197.84 Total $7,197.84 Additional Costs Internet access $7,461.42 Security $0.00 Janitor, Ambulance, Electricity $11,437.00 Transportation services $3,000.00 Total $21,898.42 Production Entretaiment Banquet and Opening $3,719.70 Registration Materials $591.81 Meeting programs $7,006.33 Poster panels $4,160.00 Audio Visual $33,991.00 Exhibits -
Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomic Analysis Of
Li et al. BMC Genomics (2020) 21:181 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-6593-1 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Whole genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of oleaginous red yeast Sporobolomyces pararoseus NGR identifies candidate genes for biotechnological potential and ballistospores-shooting Chun-Ji Li1,2, Die Zhao3, Bing-Xue Li1* , Ning Zhang4, Jian-Yu Yan1 and Hong-Tao Zou1 Abstract Background: Sporobolomyces pararoseus is regarded as an oleaginous red yeast, which synthesizes numerous valuable compounds with wide industrial usages. This species hold biotechnological interests in biodiesel, food and cosmetics industries. Moreover, the ballistospores-shooting promotes the colonizing of S. pararoseus in most terrestrial and marine ecosystems. However, very little is known about the basic genomic features of S. pararoseus. To assess the biotechnological potential and ballistospores-shooting mechanism of S. pararoseus on genome-scale, the whole genome sequencing was performed by next-generation sequencing technology. Results: Here, we used Illumina Hiseq platform to firstly assemble S. pararoseus genome into 20.9 Mb containing 54 scaffolds and 5963 predicted genes with a N50 length of 2,038,020 bp and GC content of 47.59%. Genome completeness (BUSCO alignment: 95.4%) and RNA-seq analysis (expressed genes: 98.68%) indicated the high-quality features of the current genome. Through the annotation information of the genome, we screened many key genes involved in carotenoids, lipids, carbohydrate metabolism and signal transduction pathways. A phylogenetic assessment suggested that the evolutionary trajectory of the order Sporidiobolales species was evolved from genus Sporobolomyces to Rhodotorula through the mediator Rhodosporidiobolus. Compared to the lacking ballistospores Rhodotorula toruloides and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we found genes enriched for spore germination and sugar metabolism. -
Red Pigmented Basidiomycete Mirror Yeast of the Phyllosphere Alec Cobban1, Virginia P
ORIGINAL RESEARCH Revisiting the pink- red pigmented basidiomycete mirror yeast of the phyllosphere Alec Cobban1, Virginia P. Edgcomb1, Gaëtan Burgaud2, Daniel Repeta3 & Edward R. Leadbetter1 1Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 2Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Plouzané 29280, France 3Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 Keywords Abstract Ballistospore, D1/D2, phylogeny, physiology, rRNA, Sporobolomyces. By taking advantage of the ballistoconidium-forming capabilities of members of the genus Sporobolomyces, we recovered ten isolates from deciduous tree Correspondence leaves collected from Vermont and Washington, USA. Analysis of the small Virginia P. Edgcomb, Department of Geology subunit ribosomal RNA gene and the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic ribosomal RNA gene indicate that all isolates are closely related. Further analysis Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543. of their physiological attributes shows that all were similarly pigmented yeasts Tel: +1-508-289-3734; Fax: 508-457-2183; E-mail: [email protected] capable of growth under aerobic and microaerophilic conditions, all were toler- ant of repeated freezing and thawing, minimally tolerant to elevated temperature Funding Information and desiccation, and capable of growth in liquid or on solid media -
Competing Sexual and Asexual Generic Names in <I
doi:10.5598/imafungus.2018.09.01.06 IMA FUNGUS · 9(1): 75–89 (2018) Competing sexual and asexual generic names in Pucciniomycotina and ARTICLE Ustilaginomycotina (Basidiomycota) and recommendations for use M. Catherine Aime1, Lisa A. Castlebury2, Mehrdad Abbasi1, Dominik Begerow3, Reinhard Berndt4, Roland Kirschner5, Ludmila Marvanová6, Yoshitaka Ono7, Mahajabeen Padamsee8, Markus Scholler9, Marco Thines10, and Amy Y. Rossman11 1Purdue University, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, West Lafayette, IN 47901, USA; corresponding author e-mail: maime@purdue. edu 2Mycology & Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA 3Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Geobotanik, ND 03/174, D-44801 Bochum, Germany 4ETH Zürich, Plant Ecological Genetics, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland 5Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, 320 Taoyuan City, Taiwan 6Czech Collection of Microoorganisms, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic 7Faculty of Education, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan 8Systematics Team, Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Auckland 1072, New Zealand 9Staatliches Museum f. Naturkunde Karlsruhe, Erbprinzenstr. 13, D-76133 Karlsruhe, Germany 10Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt (Main), Germany 11Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Abstract: With the change to one scientific name for pleomorphic fungi, generic names typified by sexual and Key words: asexual morphs have been evaluated to recommend which name to use when two names represent the same genus Basidiomycetes and thus compete for use. In this paper, generic names in Pucciniomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina are evaluated pleomorphic fungi based on their type species to determine which names are synonyms. Twenty-one sets of sexually and asexually taxonomy typified names in Pucciniomycotina and eight sets in Ustilaginomycotina were determined to be congeneric and protected names compete for use. -
Forming Yeast Genus Sporobolomyces Based on 18S Rdna Sequences
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2000), 50, 1373–1380 Printed in Great Britain Phylogenetic analysis of the ballistoconidium- forming yeast genus Sporobolomyces based on 18S rDNA sequences Makiko Hamamoto and Takashi Nakase Author for correspondence: Makiko Hamamoto. Tel: j81 48 467 9560. Fax: j81 48 462 4617. e-mail: hamamoto!jcm.riken.go.jp Japan Collection of The 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences of 25 Sporobolomyces species and five Microorganisms, The Sporidiobolus species were determined. Those of Sporobolomyces dimmenae Institute of Physical and T T Chemical Research (RIKEN), JCM 8762 , Sporobolomyces ruber JCM 6884 , Sporobolomyces sasicola JCM Wako, Saitama 351-0198, 5979T and Sporobolomyces taupoensis JCM 8770T showed the presence of Japan intron-like regions with lengths of 1586, 324, 322 and 293 nucleotides, respectively, which were presumed to be group I introns. A total of 63 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences was analysed, including 33 published reference sequences. Sporobolomyces species and the other basidiomycetes species were distributed throughout the phylogenetic tree. The resulting phylogeny indicated that Sporobolomyces is polyphyletic. Sporobolomyces species were mainly divided into four groups within the Urediniomycetes. The groups are designated as the Sporidiales, Agaricostilbum/Bensingtonia, Erythrobasidium and subbrunneus clusters. The last group, comprising four species, Sporobolomyces coprosmicola, Sporobolomyces dimmenae, Sporobolomyces linderae and Sporobolomyces subbrunneus, forms a new and distinct cluster in the phylogenetic tree in this study. Keywords: ballistoconidium-forming yeasts, phylogeny, rDNA, Sporobolomyces INTRODUCTION myces cerevisiae) of 49 ballistoconidium-forming yeasts and related non-ballistoconidium-forming Members of the genus Sporobolomyces (Kluyver & van yeasts. This work indicated that Sporobolomyces Niel, 1924) are anamorphic basidiomycetous yeasts, species were widely dispersed on the phylogenetic tree. -
ISSN 2320-9186 Β-Carotene—Properties and Production Method from the Yeasts Alaa
GSJ: Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2021 ISSN 2320-9186 2317 GSJ: Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2021, Online: ISSN 2320-9186 www.globalscientificjournal.com β-Carotene—properties and production method from The Yeasts Alaa Hussein Ali College of Science/Biology Dept. Univ. of Mosul Email : [email protected] Abstract Carotenoids are natural stains produced by different groups of living organisms, such as plants, animals, and micro-organisms. They take many colors, such as yellow, orange, red, and purple. Microorganisms have received a lot of attention from researchers to obtain carotenoids from their natural sources, as they are characterized by the easy of extraction and purification, low costs, and production is not related to the seasonal changes experienced by the process of extracting carotene from plants, in addition to that carotene The output has no negative effects. Carotenoids are of great importance and have wide applications in many areas because of their functions and properties that made them interesting, as they play a role in protecting cells from the harmful effects of free radicals and reducing the risk of injury Some types of cancerous diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and the prevention of Alzhemeir's disease due to its antioxidant properties and carotenoids are also included in the food industry as they are used as food colorants that contribute to attracting consumers to goods and goods and are added as food supplements to animal feed and recently entered the pharmaceutical industries. Introduction Carotenoids are a group of natural dyes produced by a group a wide variety of plants, algae, and microorganisms such as bacteria, molds, and yeasts (Perez-Fons et al., 2011). -
2006 Summer Workshop in Fungal Biology for High School Teachers Hibbett Lab, Biology Department, Clark University
2006 Summer Workshop in Fungal Biology for High School Teachers Hibbett lab, Biology Department, Clark University Introduction to Fungal Biology—Morphology, Phylogeny, and Ecology General features of Fungi Fungi are very diverse. It is hard to define what a fungus is using only morphological criteria. Features shared by all fungi: • Eukaryotic cell structure (but some have highly reduced mitochondria) • Heterotrophic nutritional mode—meaning that they must ingest organic compounds for their carbon nutrition (but some live in close symbioses with photosynthetic algae—these are lichens) • Absorptive nutrition—meaning that they digest organic compounds with enzymes that are secreted extracellularly, and take up relatively simple, small molecules (e.g., sugars). • Cell walls composed of chitin—a polymer of nitrogen-containing sugars that is also found in the exoskeletons of arthropods. • Typically reproduce and disperse via spores Variable features of fungi: • Unicellular or multicellular—unicellular forms are called yeasts, multicellular forms are composed of filaments called hyphae. • With or without complex, multicellular fruiting bodies (reproductive structures) • Sexual or asexual reproduction • With or without flagella—if they have flagella, then these are the same as all other eukaryotic flagellae (i.e., with the “9+2” arrangement of microtubules, ensheathed by the plasma membrane) • Occur on land (including deserts) or in aquatic habitats (including deep-sea thermal vent communities) • Function as decomposers of dead organic matter or as symbionts of other living organisms—the latter include mutualists, pathogens, parasites, and commensals (examples to be given later) Familiar examples of fungi include mushrooms, molds, yeasts, lichens, puffballs, bracket fungi, and others. There are about 70,000 described species of fungi. -
1 the SOCIETY LIBRARY CATALOGUE the BMS Council
THE SOCIETY LIBRARY CATALOGUE The BMS Council agreed, many years ago, to expand the Society's collection of books and develop it into a Library, in order to make it freely available to members. The books were originally housed at the (then) Commonwealth Mycological Institute and from 1990 - 2006 at the Herbarium, then in the Jodrell Laboratory,Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, by invitation of the Keeper. The Library now comprises over 1100 items. Development of the Library has depended largely on the generosity of members. Many offers of books and monographs, particularly important taxonomic works, and gifts of money to purchase items, are gratefully acknowledged. The rules for the loan of books are as follows: Books may be borrowed at the discretion of the Librarian and requests should be made, preferably by post or e-mail and stating whether a BMS member, to: The Librarian, British Mycological Society, Jodrell Laboratory Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB Email: <[email protected]> No more than two volumes may be borrowed at one time, for a period of up to one month, by which time books must be returned or the loan renewed. The borrower will be held liable for the cost of replacement of books that are lost or not returned. BMS Members do not have to pay postage for the outward journey. For the return journey, books must be returned securely packed and postage paid. Non-members may be able to borrow books at the discretion of the Librarian, but all postage costs must be paid by the borrower. -
Fungal Planet Description Sheets: 400–468
Persoonia 36, 2016: 316– 458 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158516X692185 Fungal Planet description sheets: 400–468 P.W. Crous1,2, M.J. Wingfield3, D.M. Richardson4, J.J. Le Roux4, D. Strasberg5, J. Edwards6, F. Roets7, V. Hubka8, P.W.J. Taylor9, M. Heykoop10, M.P. Martín11, G. Moreno10, D.A. Sutton12, N.P. Wiederhold12, C.W. Barnes13, J.R. Carlavilla10, J. Gené14, A. Giraldo1,2, V. Guarnaccia1, J. Guarro14, M. Hernández-Restrepo1,2, M. Kolařík15, J.L. Manjón10, I.G. Pascoe6, E.S. Popov16, M. Sandoval-Denis14, J.H.C. Woudenberg1, K. Acharya17, A.V. Alexandrova18, P. Alvarado19, R.N. Barbosa20, I.G. Baseia21, R.A. Blanchette22, T. Boekhout3, T.I. Burgess23, J.F. Cano-Lira14, A. Čmoková8, R.A. Dimitrov24, M.Yu. Dyakov18, M. Dueñas11, A.K. Dutta17, F. Esteve- Raventós10, A.G. Fedosova16, J. Fournier25, P. Gamboa26, D.E. Gouliamova27, T. Grebenc28, M. Groenewald1, B. Hanse29, G.E.St.J. Hardy23, B.W. Held22, Ž. Jurjević30, T. Kaewgrajang31, K.P.D. Latha32, L. Lombard1, J.J. Luangsa-ard33, P. Lysková34, N. Mallátová35, P. Manimohan32, A.N. Miller36, M. Mirabolfathy37, O.V. Morozova16, M. Obodai38, N.T. Oliveira20, M.E. Ordóñez39, E.C. Otto22, S. Paloi17, S.W. Peterson40, C. Phosri41, J. Roux3, W.A. Salazar 39, A. Sánchez10, G.A. Sarria42, H.-D. Shin43, B.D.B. Silva21, G.A. Silva20, M.Th. Smith1, C.M. Souza-Motta44, A.M. Stchigel14, M.M. Stoilova-Disheva27, M.A. Sulzbacher 45, M.T. Telleria11, C. Toapanta46, J.M. Traba47, N. -
When Mycologists Describe New Species, Not All Relevant
A peer-reviewed open-access journal MycoKeys 72: 109–128 (2020) Mycological species descriptions over time 109 doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.72.56691 RESEARCH ARTICLE MycoKeys http://mycokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research When mycologists describe new species, not all relevant information is provided (clearly enough) Louisa Durkin1, Tobias Jansson1, Marisol Sanchez2, Maryia Khomich3, Martin Ryberg4, Erik Kristiansson5, R. Henrik Nilsson1 1 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden 2 Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala Biocentre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden 3 Nofima – Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, P.O. Box 210, 1431 Ås, Norway 4 Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden 5 Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden Corresponding author: R. Henrik Nilsson ([email protected]) Academic editor: T. Lumbsch | Received 19 July 2020 | Accepted 24 August 2020 | Published 10 September 2020 Citation: Durkin L, Jansson T, Sanchez M, Khomich M, Ryberg M, Kristiansson E, Nilsson RH (2020) When mycologists describe new species, not all relevant information is provided (clearly enough). MycoKeys 72: 109–128. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.72.56691 Abstract Taxonomic mycology struggles with what seems to be a perpetual shortage -
Complete Issue
J. Fernholz and Q.E. Phelps – Influence of PIT tags on growth and survival of banded sculpin (Cottus carolinae): implications for endangered grotto sculpin (Cottus specus). Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 78, no. 3, p. 139–143. DOI: 10.4311/2015LSC0145 INFLUENCE OF PIT TAGS ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF BANDED SCULPIN (COTTUS CAROLINAE): IMPLICATIONS FOR ENDANGERED GROTTO SCULPIN (COTTUS SPECUS) 1 2 JACOB FERNHOLZ * AND QUINTON E. PHELPS Abstract: To make appropriate restoration decisions, fisheries scientists must be knowledgeable about life history, population dynamics, and ecological role of a species of interest. However, acquisition of such information is considerably more challenging for species with low abundance and that occupy difficult to sample habitats. One such species that inhabits areas that are difficult to sample is the recently listed endangered, cave-dwelling grotto sculpin, Cottus specus. To understand more about the grotto sculpin’s ecological function and quantify its population demographics, a mark-recapture study is warranted. However, the effects of PIT tagging on grotto sculpin are unknown, so a passive integrated transponder (PIT) tagging study was performed. Banded sculpin, Cottus carolinae, were used as a surrogate for grotto sculpin due to genetic and morphological similarities. Banded sculpin were implanted with 8.3 3 1.4 mm and 12.0 3 2.15 mm PIT tags to determine tag retention rates, growth, and mortality. Our results suggest sculpin species of the genus Cottus implanted with 8.3 3 1.4 mm tags exhibited higher growth, survival, and tag retention rates than those implanted with 12.0 3 2.15 mm tags.