Appendix 8.1 Cultural Heritage Baseline Assessment

Stafford Western Access Route Environmental Statement Volume 3 - Technical Appendices Appendix 8.1 Cultural Heritage Baseline Assessment

REVISION SCHEDULE

Rev Date Details Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by

1 13.11.14 Stafford Western Access Paul Falcini Andrew Copp Annette Roe Route Environmental Senior Heritage Technical Director Senior Heritage Statement Cultural Heritage Consultant Consultant Baseline Assessment

2 13.11.14 Stafford Western Access Paul Falcini Neil Macnab Annette Roe Route Environmental Associate Technical Director Senior Heritage Statement Cultural Heritage Heritage Consultant Baseline Assessment Consultant

3 12.01.15 Stafford Western Access Amy Jones Neil Macnab Annette Roe Route Environmental Associate Technical Director Principal Built Statement Cultural Heritage Heritage Heritage Baseline Assessment Consultant Consultant

4 16.04.15 Stafford Western Access Neil Macnab Annette Roe Annette Roe Route Environmental Associate Technical Technical Director Statement Cultural Heritage Heritage Director Baseline Assessment Consultant

5 14.05.14 Stafford Western Access Neil Macnab Annette Roe Annette Roe Route Environmental Associate Technical Technical Director Statement Cultural Heritage Heritage Director Baseline Assessment Consultant

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

URS Ltd has prepared this Report for the sole use of Staffordshire County Council (“Client”) in accordance with the Agreement under which our services were performed [TP080114EIASTAFFWAR]. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the professional advice included in this Report or any other services provided by URS. This Report is confidential and may not be disclosed by the Client nor relied upon by any other party without the prior and express written agreement of URS.

The conclusions and recommendations contained in this Report are based upon information provided by others and upon the assumption that all relevant information has been provided by those parties from whom it has been requested and that such information is accurate. Information obtained by URS Scott Wilson has not been independently verified by URS, unless otherwise stated in the Report.

The methodology adopted and the sources of information used by URS in providing its services are outlined in this Report. The work described in this Report was undertaken between January 2014 and May 2015 and is based on the conditions encountered and the information available during the said period of time. The scope of this Report and the services are accordingly factually limited by these circumstances.

Where assessments of works or costs identified in this Report are made, such assessments are based upon the information available at the time and where appropriate are subject to further investigations or information which may become available.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Background to Report ...... 1 1.2 Scheme Location ...... 1 1.3 Current Land Use ...... 2 1.4 Geology and Landform ...... 3 2 METHODOLOGY ...... 4 2.1 Assessment sources ...... 4 2.2 Preliminary site walkover and study area ...... 5 3 LEGISLATION AND GUIDANCE ...... 6 3.1 Legislation ...... 6 3.2 Local policy ...... 8 3.3 English Heritage guidance ...... 9 4 BASELINE CONDITIONS ...... 11 4.1 Historical development and map regression ...... 11 4.2 Archaeological baseline ...... 16 4.3 Historic Landscape Baseline ...... 23 4.4 Historic Buildings Baseline ...... 26 5 CONCLUSIONS...... 31 6 REFERENCES ...... 31

Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

FIGURES

Figure 8.1: Location of archaeological heritage assets Figure 8.2: Historic urban character areas Figure 8.3: Location of historic building heritage assets Figure 8.4: 1835 Plan of Stafford from Actual Survey Figure 8.5: Undated plan of the lands of Sir William Jerningham Figure 8.6: Undated and unidentified plan of land at Doxey marshes Figure 8.7: Plan of the railway through the property of Lord Stafford c.1840 Figure 8.8: Plan of land required by the Shropshire Union Railway c.1840 Figure 8.9: 1881 25” Ordnance Survey map Figure 8.10: 1901 25” Ordnance Survey map Figure 8.11: 1923 25” Ordnance Survey map Figure 8.12: Extent of recorded land fill at Castlefields Figure 8.13: Location of archaeological events Figure 8.14: Borehole locations and geotechnical results Figure 8.15: Flood Compensation Area Heritage Assets

TABLES

Table 4.1: Period terminology Table 4.2: Historic Landscape Character Areas Table 4.3: Conservation Areas Table 4.4: Grade II listed buildings Table 4.5: Non-designated historic buildings

Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to Report 1.1.1 This report is a cultural heritage Detailed Assessment for the Stafford Western Access Route (SWAR) (the proposed scheme) and it has been undertaken in order to assess the impact of the proposed scheme upon the heritage resource. The study follows the guidance that is provided in the Design Manual for Roads and Bridges (DMRB) Volume 11, Section 3, Part 2 ‘Cultural Heritage’ (Highways Agency 2007, HA 208/07). The guidance enables the application of a structured and strategic approach to the assessment process.

1.1.2 URS is a registered Archaeological Organisation of the Chartered Institute of Archaeologists (CIfA). Research and reporting has been undertaken in accordance with the CIfA Code of Conduct (CIfA 2014), standard and guidance for historic environment desk-based assessment (CIfA 2014) and Standard and guidance on consultancy advice (CIfA 2014).

1.2 Scheme Location 1.2.1 The proposed scheme is located to the northwest of the historic town centre of Stafford. The proposed scheme is almost entirely in the historic parish of Castle Church, but the eastern limits of the scheme extend into St Mary’s Stafford parish, and a flood compensation area lies in the historic parish of Tillington to the northwest of the scheme.

1.2.2 The scheme is divided into three sections from east to west. Section A runs from Foregate Street to Timberfields Road. The scheme commences at the junction of Foregate Street/Greyfriars and Browning Street where a dedicated southbound left hand turn lane will be created. The scheme then heads eastward across the Madford retail park, from the existing junction of Foregate Street and Greyfriars Place, and crosses the floodplain of the River Sow swinging south towards Doxey Road, crossing former industrial areas now used as car parks. The contractor’s main compound will be sited on the north bank of the River Sow, to the rear of the retail park. From a proposed roundabout in the car park area a southern arm of the proposed scheme joins the existing Doxey Road to provide access to Broadeye Bridge. The scheme then follows a new alignment westward from the roundabout across areas that were railway lines and sidings in the early and mid- 20 th century. A Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS) is proposed to the south of this stretch of the scheme. The scheme then joins the existing alignment of Doxey Road, which is a replacement for the former route over a now redundant railway overbridge, before reaching Timberlands Road.

1.2.3 Section B of the scheme runs from Timberlands Road to the west side of the Doxey Road bridge over the West Coast mainline railway. The scheme is on the

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existing alignment of Doxey Road and passes through an area of recent housing on both sides of the road. The road rises on an embankment to the main span of the bridge.

1.2.4 Section C of the proposed scheme is from the west side of the Doxey Road bridge to Martin Drive. Currently, Doxey Road turns sharp right immediately alongside the railway. In the proposed scheme this part of Doxey Road will be abandoned and replaced by a new alignment sited further west that will rejoin Doxey Road as it diverges northwest from the railway. The abandoned section will be used for a SUDS drainage feature. The new road will head southwest across the industrial St Gobain Abrasives factory site, traverse a disused railway sidings and then cross an open field before reaching an existing roundabout on Martin Drive. A SUDS drainage feature is proposed to the north of the road as it approaches Martin Drive in an area recorded as previous landfill.

1.2.5 A flood compensation area is proposed to the northwest of the scheme in the Doxey Marshes. This will be positioned just southeast of the M6 and to the northeast of the West Coast Mainline railway.

1.3 Current Land Use 1.3.1 In Section A, Foregate Street, the A34, remains the principal road into Stafford from the north. At the junction of Browning Street with Foregate Street/Greyfriars the north side of the junction is occupied by two and three storey 20th century housing with amenity space adjacent to the road. On the south side of the junction there are 19th and 20th century buildings in commercial use, including the Grade II listed 43 Foregate Street. The buildings on the east side of Foregate Street opposite Greyfriars Place date from the 17th century onwards, and reflect its long history as a commercial and residential district of the town. West of Foregate Street the Madford retail park dates from 1999 and is a typical contemporary development with extensive car parking and retail shed type buildings. To the east of the retail park the scheme will require a new bridge over the River Sow. West of the River Sow the scheme will cross a car park with undeveloped flood plain land to the west associated with the Doxey and Tillington Marshes. Further south, the east side of the proposed scheme is dominated by a superstore and its associated car parks.

1.3.2 In the vicinity of Section B are the southern fringes of the Doxey and Tillington Marshes, with extensive tree and shrub cover and multiple water courses. There is currently a footpath along the proposed alignment to Doxey Road. Beyond the former Stafford to Uttoxeter Railway Line, both sides of Doxey Road are in residential use as far as the main railway line.

1.3.3 In Section C, the land on the west side of the railway is industrial. Factory buildings have been cleared on the south side of the proposed scheme, whilst 20th century industrial production buildings and offices are situated to the north. 2

Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

The field to the south of the factory site and north of Martin Drive is at present disused and overgrown and appears not to have been in agricultural use in recent times.

1.3.4 With regards to the flood compensation area, it is situated within the Doxey and Tillington Marshes – an extensive area of low-lying damp grassland, marsh, swamp and pools in the flood plain of’ the River Sow.

1.4 Geology and Landform 1.4.1 The scheme is situated on relatively level ground at c.75 metres above Ordnance Datum (m AOD). The entire scheme, apart from a short section before the junction with Foregate Street, is in the floodplain of the River Sow.

1.4.2 The British Geological Survey map viewer indicates that the scheme is underlain by a wide northwest to southeast trending strip of glaciofluvial deposits (sand and gravel) of the Devensian age. This strip of glaciofluvial deposits is overlain in part by discontinuous strips of alluvium (clay, silt, sand and gravel) associated with the River Sow. Alluvium is mapped to be present across the majority of the eastern part of the scheme (with the exception of the area close to Foregate Street) and the western limits of the site.

1.4.3 The solid geology underlying the scheme, as indicated by the British Geological Survey map viewer, is Mercia Mudstone of the Triassic period.

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2 METHODOLOGY

2.1 Assessment sources 2.1.1 Data sources that contain records of known sites were consulted at Staffordshire County Council (SCC) and English Heritage. Sources comprise:

• SCC Historic Environment Record (HER); • National Heritage List for England. 2.1.2 Primary and secondary sources, including historic mapping, antiquarian surveys, Ordnance Survey (OS) mapping and archaeological journals were consulted at the Staffordshire Record Office, Stafford.

2.1.3 Internet resources were also investigated to provide additional written and photographic material (see Section 6, Online references).

2.1.4 Aerial photographs were consulted at Staffordshire Historic Environment Record and Staffordshire Record Office. Online aerial photographs have also been utilised to provide an appreciation of the schemes land use and its wider context.

2.1.5 Digital resources consulted included the Archaeology Data Service, the CBA Defence of Britain Database, the British Geological Survey, and relevant SCC web pages.

2.1.6 The study area has full or partial coverage by the Stafford Extensive Urban Survey, the Stafford Borough Historic Environment Assessment, and the Staffordshire Historic Landscape Character Assessment. These have been considered along with HER records of landscape assets for the Historic Landscape baseline. A set of character areas has been defined and assessed drawing on the previous studies, map evidence and the walkover survey.

Research frameworks 2.1.7 The regional archaeological research framework was published in 2011 as The Archaeology of the West Midlands: A Framework for Research (Watt (ed.) (2011)). The framework is organised on a period basis addressing issues across the region and is therefore relevant in the consideration of the sensitivity (heritage value) of assets in the study area.

2.1.8 The study area has the potential for geo-archaeological investigation of peat deposits and a previous investigation at Kings Pool, Stafford is noted as a key site in the Framework (Garwood 2011). The potential of localised peat deposits for landscape reconstruction is identified for the Middle Bronze Age and Iron Age (Hurst 2011) and the early medieval period (Hooke 2011).

2.1.9 Stafford is documented as a Saxon burh and so has potential for the survival of archaeological remains of early medieval date. These may address the

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suggested research priorities of gaining further ceramic evidence and understanding the commerce and markets of urban sites (Hooke 2011).

2.1.10 As a defended town which was a focus for industry, the church and administration, there is the potential to contribute to key themes (Hunt 2011) for medieval larger towns such as:

• Cycles of urban growth and decline and accompanying trends in urban populations; • Industry and production; • Housing and buildings; • Defences and urban castles; and • The church.

2.1.11 In the post-medieval period Stafford, as an industrial town, has the potential to provide evidence for archaeological research priorities such as the impact of capitalism; industrialisation as manifested in early and small-scale enterprises; consumption; and the interactions of the region with the wider world (Belford 2011).

2.2 Preliminary site walkover and study area 2.2.1 A site walkover was undertaken on the 4 th and 5 th June 2014 and 11 th May 2015, in order to verify current ground conditions and land use, and to inform the assessment. Access during this visit was limited to Public Rights of Way.

2.2.2 Targeted visits were undertaken to the designated heritage assets that were considered likely to incur impacts as a result of the proposed road improvement scheme.

2.2.3 At the same time, consideration was given to the extent of an appropriate study area for the assessment. Factors that influenced the decision included the irregular alignment of the proposed scheme, as well as the urban context of the scheme and its relationship to the town. Bearing in mind these factors, a study area with a 550m buffer from the scheme centre line was chosen. For the flood compensation area, a study area of 1km radius from a central National Grid reference was chosen.

2.2.4 Specific consideration was given to designated assets that may be beyond the chosen study area but might be affected by the scheme. All such assets within 1.5km of the scheme centre line were considered, or within 1.5km of the flood compensation area boundary. Those designated heritage assets, whose setting was considered to have the potential to be impacted by the Scheme are considered in this assessment.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

3 LEGISLATION AND GUIDANCE

3.1 Legislation 3.1.1 The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 sets out the requirement for Scheduled Ancient Monument Consent for any works of demolition, repair, and alteration that might affect a Scheduled Ancient Monument. For archaeological sites that are not covered by the above Act, protection is afforded through development control, the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 and the National Planning Policy Framework (2012).

3.1.2 The setting of Scheduled Monuments is not explicitly protected by legislation, but is a material consideration in the planning process.

3.1.3 The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 imposes a duty on the Secretary of State to compile lists of buildings of special architectural or historic interest. In consideration of proposals within the setting of Listed Buildings, the 1990 Act establishes a requirement to have special regard to the desirability of preserving that setting (Section 66).

“(1) In considering whether to grant planning permission for development which affects a listed building or its setting, the local planning authority or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State shall have special regard to the desirability of preserving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses.” 3.1.4 Section 72 of the 1990 Act establishes a desirability to preserve or enhance the character or appearance of a conservation area. A conservation area is an area of local interest designated principally by the Local Planning Authority.

National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) 3.1.5 The NPPF sets out a series of policies that are a material consideration to be taken into account in development management decisions. Policy in relation to heritage assets is set out in Section 12 which establishes the importance of being able to assess the impact of a development on the heritage significance of heritage assets. Significance is defined in Annex 2 as the value of an asset because of its heritage interest. This interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic and can extend to its setting. The setting of a heritage asset is defined in Annex 2 as the surroundings in which a heritage asset is experienced.

3.1.6 The requirement for applicants to describe the significance of assets likely to be affected by a proposed development is set out in paragraph 128. The NPPF states that the level of detail submitted should be proportionate to the assets’ importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

3.1.7 The NPPF recognises that a balance needs to be struck between preservation of the significance of a heritage asset and delivering public benefit. With regard to designated assets, paragraph 132 states that the more important the asset, the greater the weight should be on its conservation. The NPPF identifies harm as being either substantial or less than substantial. Where the proposal would lead to substantial harm to the significance of a designated asset, consent should be refused unless the harm or loss is necessary to achieve substantial public benefit that outweighs that harm (paragraph 133). In cases where less than substantial harm to the significance of a designated asset is anticipated this harm should be weighed against the public benefits of the proposal (paragraph 134).

3.1.8 In respect of non-designated assets a balanced judgement is required having regard to the scale of any harm or loss and the significance of the asset (paragraph 135). In relation to non-designated assets of archaeological interest, those that are of equivalent significance to scheduled monuments should be considered subject to the policies for designated assets (paragraph 139).

3.1.9 In accordance with the NPPF, this cultural heritage baseline identifies the significance of heritage assets, including their setting, and provides an assessment of the archaeological potential of the area within the scheme footprint. This cultural heritage baseline is in accordance with paragraph 128 of the NPPF being proportionate to the significance of the heritage assets affected and sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on that significance.

Planning Policy Guidance (PPG) 3.1.10 The PPG (Department for Communities & Local Government) provides clarity and guidance for the implementation of policies within the NPPF. The PPG provides useful guidance particularly with regards to assessing whether the development will cause substantial harm (policy on substantial harm to designated heritage assets is set out in paragraphs 132 and 133 of the NPPF).

3.1.11 Paragraph:017 (Reference ID: 18a-017-20140306) of the PPG (dated 06.03.2014), states:

‘While the impact of total destruction is obvious, partial destruction is likely to have a considerable impact but, depending on the circumstances, it may still be less than substantial harm or conceivably not harmful at all, for example, when removing later inappropriate additions to historic buildings which harm their significance. Similarly, works that are moderate or minor in scale are likely to cause less than substantial harm or no harm at all. However, even minor works have the potential to cause substantial harm.’ PPS5: Planning for the Historic Environment: Historic Environment Planning Practice Guide (English Heritage, March 2010)

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

3.1.12 The PPS5 Planning Practice Guide (English Heritage 2010) remains in place, pending revision. This planning practise guide was published alongside the now defunct PPS5 to provide further clarity to the PPS5 planning policy document. The document, although written to be used in conjunction with PPS5 contains policies still relevant to the NPPF.

3.1.13 In particular, the PPS5 Planning Practice Guide offered insight when considering development applications that may affect non-designated heritage assets (paragraphs 83 and 84) and designated assets (paragraphs 85 – 112). For non- designated assets, the guide states that the desirability of conserving them and the contribution their setting may make to their significance is a material consideration, but individually less of a priority than for designated assets or their equivalents (paragraph 83).

3.1.14 For designated assets, the document states any harmful impact on the significance of designated assets needs to be justified on the grounds set out in HE9.2 (substantial harm or total loss) or HE9.4 (less than substantial harm) (paragraph 85). This is clarified in paragraphs 91 to 95 which set out parameters for establishing the definition of substantial harm. Paragraph 91 states: where substantial harm to, or total loss of, the asset’s significance is proposed a case can be made on the grounds that it is necessary to allow a proposal that offers substantial public benefits. This suggests that substantial harm is equated to serious harm, or total loss of significance.

3.2 Local policy 3.2.1 The Plan for Stafford Borough was adopted on the 19 June 2014. The Plan for Stafford Borough contains strategic policies and identifies Strategic Development Locations for housing and employment and more detailed topic based policies for deciding planning applications.

3.2.2 The Plan for Stafford Borough states that the Historic Environment is a precious and irreplaceable asset which must be conserved for future generations (para 2.15). The Spatial Vision in the plan states that over the plan period to 2031 the Borough will have been protected, conserved and enhanced to provide an exceptionally high quality of environmental, historic and landscape character.

3.2.3 In the Plan among the key objectives for Stafford town are to deliver the Western Access Improvements to improve the transport network to the west of Stafford town Centre and to deliver the conservation and enhancement of Stafford's heritage assets, including the character and appearance of its conservation areas.

3.2.4 These visions and objectives will be actioned through the Plan policies which detail how the historic environment will be taken into account in determining planning applications. Policy Stafford 1 – Stafford Town highlights the Western

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Access Improvements and identifies that the promotion of Stafford as a tourist destination requires the conserving and enhancing of the historic environment including the context and character of its buildings and streets, its rich heritage, archaeological interest and historic street pattern.

3.2.5 In respect of built heritage the plan states that buildings of historic or architectural importance or interest, or which otherwise contribute to local character, should be retained unless exceptional circumstances prevail (para 11.18). Policy N8 Landscape Character states that development proposals must be informed by, and be sympathetic to, landscape character and considered in the context of the Historic Landscape Characterisation Assessment and the Historic Environment Character Assessment.

3.3 English Heritage guidance 3.3.1 English Heritage has published a number of relevant guidance documents that should be taken into account when assessing the historic environment.

Conservation Principles (2008) 3.3.2 The document sets out 6 guiding principles governing the approach to decision making. Principles 1 and 2 relate to how the public values and participates in the historic environment; Principle 3 (Understanding the significance of places) is vital and Principle 4 (Significant places should be managed to sustain their values) are principles that relate to the development process and the assessment of harm; Principle 5 relates to decisions being guided by public policy and the balance to be struck between heritage significance and the impact of change on that significance. These principles are intended to be used as a tool to aid analysis rather than be taken as policy. Principle 3 is inherently linked to the NPPF, and articulates an approach to assessing the significance of heritage assets based on their evidential, historical, aesthetic and communal values, and balancing these with the contribution made by setting and a wider cultural context. Having first understood and addressed the values that make up the significance of a place, the document sets out how then to manage impacts on significance.

The Setting of Heritage Assets (English Heritage 2015) 3.3.3 The setting of an asset is an important element in its significance and the document states that an assessment of the impact of a proposed development should identify whether the development would be acceptable in terms of the degree of harm to an asset’s setting. The document defines setting as the surroundings in which a heritage asset is experienced. Elements of a setting can make positive or negative contributions to the significance of an asset and affect the ways in which it is experienced. The document sets out 5 steps to enable a broad approach to assessment, the identification of features that might make a

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route contribution to significance, and a checklist of attributes of a development that may be helpful in assessing the effect of development on heritage significance.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

4 BASELINE CONDITIONS 4.1 Historical development and map regression 4.1.1 Stafford was listed in 1540 as having many houses in a dangerous state of disrepair and was still noted to be in decay in 1575. A survey of 1622 listed 384 households with a population of 1,550 of whom 390 were noted as being poor. In the Civil War the town was subject to two parliamentarian assaults before being captured in May 1643 (Greenslade and Johnson 1979). To aid the defence of the town, buildings were cleared along Foregate Street in 1644 as far north as a house called Greyfriars that stood on the site of the Friary (ibid).

4.1.2 The earliest maps of Stafford are from the early 17th century. John Speed’s map of 1610 (not shown) shows the town occupying the area between the River Sow and the low lying land to the east and north, much as it is thought to have done from the 12th century. Routes out of the town are shown to the east, and south to the Forebridge area, and also west over the Broadeye Bridge. No detail is shown west of the River Sow. Foregate Street is shown with a linear suburb along it on both sides, as far north as the former Greyfriars Friary, which at this time is occupied by buildings within walled areas.

4.1.3 The hearth tax returns of 1666 for Stafford show 168 households as chargeable and 171 as non-chargeable. The prosperity of Stafford grew in the 18th century through the cloth trade, however, there is no recognisable specific area of 18th century expansion in the town centre (Greenslade and Johnson 1979 ). The suburb of Foregate was built up through the 17th and 18th centuries with the Quaker meeting house opening in 1730, the General Infirmary in 1766 and the County Gaol in 1793. The new gaol replaced one closer to the town that was demolished when Gaol Square was laid out (ibid).

4.1.4 The 1788 map of the town (not shown) shows a very similar situation to the Speed map (of 1610) with the built up area of the town still within the same limits, and with no clear increase in the extent of building within the town limits. The Foregate Street suburb still retains a linear form, but the General Infirmary is now shown. The areas to the west of the town, either side of the River Sow are depicted as agricultural fields.

4.1.5 On the map titled ‘Part of Staffordshire Containing 100 Square Miles Surveyed by Mr Field and Drawn by Mr Stevens 1817’ (not shown) buildings on either side of Foregate are detailed, along with the Gaol and the Asylum. The rest of the scheme and the flood compensation area are in areas of low lying land adjacent to the River Sow, and Doxey Road is indicated.

4.1.6 In the early 19th century the Foregate Street area of the town became an industrial suburb where the shoe making industry was concentrated. The 1835 Plan of Stafford from Actual Survey (Figure 8.4) shows the main town still confined within the earlier boundaries, with much open backland inside the town 11

Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

and undeveloped street frontages on the edge. The major changes are in the Foregate Street suburb which had developed rapidly from c.1800. To the west the area was still a linear settlement along the road. To the east the Gaol had been built, with access to the town via Gaol Road and Snow Hill which converged with Foregate Street at Gaol Square. County Road had also been built connecting Foregate Street directly with the gate of the Gaol. Further suburban development is depicted north of Browning Street on the site of the medieval Friary.

4.1.7 The 1835 map shows the town prior to the changes brought by the railways and expanding industrialisation. Other early 19th century manuscript maps, held at Staffordshire Record Office, also show the west side of the town prior to the arrival of the railways. An undated plan, possibly dating to c.1807-9, of the lands of Sir William Jerningham (Figure 8.5) shows the pattern of agricultural fields and drainage to the west of the River Sow. It shows Broadeye Bridge with the road heading northwest across open country, giving access to fields. On this plan the road to Doxey is not shown, but first appears on another undated and unidentified plan (Figure 8.6) which reveals a similar layout of fields and roads and drainage in the area. The plans origin predates the Grand Junction Railway which has been roughly sketched on to the plan in pencil. This plan shows that the layout of Doxey Road today is very similar to that which existed before the railway was built. It appears that the earlier road continued westward into the fields on a very similar alignment to the proposed scheme. Buildings are shown on the plan but there are very few near Doxey Road.

4.1.8 Significant development began on the west side of the town with the building of the Grand Junction Railway, connecting Birmingham with Liverpool and Manchester, which opened in 1837. It had a station at Stafford, on the site of the present station, which opened with the line. The importance of Stafford as a railway centre increased with the opening in 1847 of the Trent Valley Line via Lichfield and Tamworth, which joined the Grand Junction just south of the town, giving a more direct route to London. These railways are now known as the West Coast Mainline (WCML). The Stafford to Shrewsbury Railway, branching to the west, just north of Castle Street, opened in 1849. The final mainline railway at Stafford was the Stafford and Uttoxeter Railway which opened in 1867. Its route branched to the north, again from just north of Castle Street (Greenslade and Johnson 1979).

4.1.9 The Plan of the railway through the property of Lord Stafford (Figure 8.7) shows the detail of the Grand Junction Railway line and station, but does not show the Stafford to Shrewsbury railway line which opened in 1849. It shows Doxey Road crossing the railway by a bridge on a very similar alignment to that seen today, with Doxey Road turning sharply to the right on the west side of the line. The lane is shown continuing westward into the fields.

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4.1.10 The railway developments led to the development of Castletown between the Grand Junction line, the River Sow and Doxey Road in the north. The London and North Western Railway (LNWR), which took over the Grand Junction Railway, had extensive locomotive sheds to the south of Castle Road on the west side of the WCML. Henry Venables established his sawmills in 1864 on a site between the WCML and the Uttoxeter line. By the early 20th century it had expanded to occupy a large site either side of Doxey Road. In 1876 the Castle Engine Works of W. G. Bagnall, which built railway locomotives was opened on a site north of Castle Street and west of the WCML. It operated until 1961 (Greenslade and Johnson 1979).

4.1.11 The plan of land required by the Shropshire Union Railway (Figure 8.8), the Stafford to Shrewsbury line, dates to between 1837 and 1849. It shows Castle Street and a proposed layout of the Castletown suburb similar to that which exists today. Also shown is a proposed suburban area west of the railway, between Castle Street and Newport Road that was never built. Doxey Road is shown in similar fashion to the earlier plans. The lane heading westward from the junction of Doxey Road is clearly shown leading to an “Occupation Road” that was intended to be re-routed by the railway works. It eventually gives access to a group of buildings called Burley Fields to the west, shown on the plan but not included in Figure 8.8.

4.1.12 The 1881 1st Edition 25” Ordnance Survey map (Figure 8.9) reveals the east side of Foregate Street area to be densely developed northwards to Browning Street and beyond, and to the east as far as Gaol Road. The west side of Foregate Street, north of the Infirmary, is densely developed with frontage properties and small terrace developments behind, although the buildings do not extend far from the road towards the River Sow. By 1884 the population of the area was reported as being dominated by workers in the shoe trade and engineering (Greenslade and Johnson 1979). The Infirmary is shown in spacious grounds with associated buildings, such as the laundry. Industrial development has started between the Rver Sow and the previous town limits. Notable is the town gas works, just north of Broadeye Bridge. The floodplain between the River Sow and Doxey Road remains undeveloped. The Castletown area has been built out with the layout being similar to that existing today. West of the WCML two LNWR locomotive sheds are shown south of Castle Street. These are much bigger than those at Bagnall’s Castle Engine Works on the north side of Castle Street. The saw mill and timber yards are shown both sides of Doxey Road, between the WCML and the Uttoxeter railway line. There is a small group of cottages south of Doxey Road on the east side of the WCML. Doxey Road is shown as on previous plans, but the lane heading west is now named Burleyfield Road and has a terrace of 14 houses, Burley Terrace, on its south side. Burleyfield Road gives access to farm tracks, via a bridge over the Stafford to Shrewsbury railway line. A water course is also shown to the south of the railway line. 13

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4.1.13 The 1888 25” Ordance Survey map (not shown) of the flood compensation area reveals that this part of the Doxey and Tillington Marshes has not changed much from the current day. The channels that are extant today are shown on the map and can be easily compared with modern aerial photographs. A small rectangular enclosed area is also shown, of unknown purpose, on an area of slightly higher ground. A black square attached to its western side may indicate a small building. There are no larger ponds indicated in the area.

4.1.14 The 1902 25” Ordanance Survey map (not shown) of the flood compensation area reveals a similar picture to the 1888 1st Edition. The enclosed area still remains, but a track to it comes from the northeast, potentially over a bridge, that may have replaced an earlier ford and footbridge indicated on the 1888 map. Flood embankments have been built along sections of watercourse. By the time of the 1925 25” Ordnance Survey map, the rectangular enclosure had been removed, though the small square building and the track remains on this map and the 1947 25” Ordnance Survey map. Neither of these two maps indicate the position of Cresswell Flash, which appears on the 1963 aerial photographs, suggesting the extraction of Marl in the area during the war or immediately post- war.

4.1.15 The 1901 25” Ordnance Survey map (Figure 8.10) shows increasing industrialisation on the north-western side of the town. The gas works has expanded northward and an electricity works has been built on its north side close to the site of the present day Glover Street. To the north is a large shoe factory with four houses separating it from the Infirmary. The electricity and gas works are served by railway sidings off a short branch line from the Stafford to Uttoxeter line. This branch line also served the Doxey Road Goods Depot which comprised two sidings parallel to the north side of Doxey Road, and which terminated just short of the west bank of the River Sow. By 1901 the Castle Engine Works had considerably expanded filling the area adjacent to the WCML with further large factory buildings located to the southwest.

4.1.16 In 1913 the Universal Grinding Wheel Company opened a works on Doxey Road, sited in the angle between the WCML and the Shrewsbury Line. This business steadily expanded in the early and mid-20th century until, by the late 1950s, it operated from a 44 acre site; the largest of its kind in Europe. In 1977 it employed 1,600 people (Greenslade and Johnson 1979).

4.1.17 The 20th century saw a shift in the industrial base of the town’s industries. Around 1900 Siemens developed an electrical equipment works to the south of the town which came into the ownership of English Electric in 1919, after which the business steadily expanded. By 1921 there were greater numbers of workers in engineering than in the footwear industry. By the 1930s there were about 3,000 footwear workers in nine factories, but they were greatly outnumbered by those working in engineering (Greenslade and Johnson 1979). At this time the small mid- to late 19th century footware factories in the Foregate Street area 14

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would have been in decline, being replaced by larger factories within the district and elsewhere in the town.

4.1.18 On the 1923 25” Ordnance Survey map (Figure 8.11) there is no notable change in the industrial use of the area on the northwest side of the town. A goods shed has been added to the Doxey Road Goods Depot and the Castle Engine works has further expanded with factory buildings occupying a large area as far as the Forebridge Drain in the west. Saw mills are shown on the south side of Doxey Road. For the first time industrial premises are shown in the angle between the WCML and the line to Shrewsbury. A ‘Colour Works’ is shown at the southern end of the factory site with the ‘Universal Grinding Wheel Company Works’ being shown as a large factory south of Burley Terrace.

4.1.19 An aerial photograph of 1927 (BFTA EPW020052) (not reproduced) reveals much of the area covered by the eastern end of the scheme. The infirmary is shown with extensive grounds to the rear. To the east of the River Sow the present day car park areas are undeveloped flood plain with clearly evident drainage ditches. The railway sidings and goods depot are also depicted. A 1934 aerial photograph (BFTA EPW046124) (not reproduced) shows the Universal Grinding Wheel Company Works filling most of a triangular site, south of Burleyfields Road. Burley Terrace is visible also. The factory had by then expanded to the north side of Burleyfields Road, in a row of portal frame buildings. By 1946 an aerial photograph (BFTA EAW001874) (not reproduced) shows that the works had been extensively re-modelled and had expanded. Bottle kilns had been added to the southern part of the factory and Burley Terrace had been demolished and replaced by two rows of four bottle kilns. The 1938 office building is shown fronting Doxey Road and the factory had further expanded along Doxey Road and adjacent to the railway line. Also shown is the extensive saw mills and timber yards of Henry Venables Limited that were located both north and south of Doxey Road.

4.1.20 The 1970 Ordnance Survey map (scale 1:10,000) (not reproduced) reveals significant changes in the Broadeye area of the town. The gas and electricity works have closed and have been demolished, and Chell Road has been built through the area connecting the roundabout on the town side of Broadeye Bridge with the expanded A34 junction at Gaol Square. For the first time industrial premises are shown on the west side of the River Sow, including a gas holder, located by the bend in the River Sow. The area to the south of it appears to be laid out for industrial use. A single railway siding is still shown to the north of Doxey Road. The Universal Grinding Wheel Company Works appears to have been comprehensively re-modelled with the bottle kilns removed and only the 1938 office building retained.

4.1.21 The 1974 Ordnance Survey map (scale 1:2500) (not reproduced) shows that the Doxey Drain, formerly the Forebridge Drain, had been relocated from the southern boundary of the Castle Engine Works to an alignment along the 15

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northern edge of what is now Martin Drive. The map shows a loop in the course of the drain on the alignment of the proposed scheme. The land between the two alignments of the drain is marked as a disused tip (landfill site) which has been confirmed by a report (Envirocheck 2011) (Figure 8.12).

4.1.22 The 2000 Ordnance Survey map (scale 1:10,000) (not reproduced) is the first to show the supermarket at Chell Road, with the land to the west of the River Sow laid out as car parks. A gas holder is still shown to the north. The 2006 Ordnance Survey map (scale 1:10,000) (not reproduced) reveals that the gas holder has been removed and that the former timber yard, on land north of Doxey Road, has been re-developed for housing.

4.2 Archaeological Baseline 4.2.1 Archaeological sites and findspots, recorded within the study areas are listed in Appendix A. Archaeological assets are identified by their asset number (e.g. AM01) and are depicted on Figure 8.1 and Figure 8.4. The period terminology is defined in Table 4.1 below:

Table 4.1: Period terminology HA period categories (based upon Heritage of Historic Resources Sub-Objective TAG Unit 3.3.9, DfT, 2003) Lower Palaeolithic (pre 30,000 BC) Upper Palaeolithic (30,000 - 10,000BC) Early Mesolithic (10,000 - 7000BC) Late Mesolithic (7000 - 4000BC) Neolithic (4000 - 2,000BC) Bronze Age (2,000 - 700BC) Iron Age (700BC - AD43) Roman (AD43 - 450) Early Medieval (AD450 - 1066) Medieval (AD1066 - 1540) Post medieval (AD1540-1901) Modern (AD1901 - present)

Statutory and other designated assets

World Heritage Sites 4.2.2 There are no World Heritage Sites located within the study areas or the wider area.

Scheduled Monuments

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4.2.3 There is one Scheduled Monument, Stafford Castle (AM01), which is outside the study area that has been scoped into this assessment (Figure 8.1).

Previous archaeological fieldwork 4.2.4 The study area covers most of the historic core of Stafford where there have been numerous archaeological field investigations. A total of 46 events have been identified from the HER record (Figure 8.13). A list of these events is shown at Appendix D. The location of one previous investigation is within the footprint of the proposed scheme, the 1991 Watching Brief at Chell Road, Stafford (PA31) (Hopgood et al, 1991). The report does not record any finds from the areas west of the River Sow or make any specific reference to what works were observed there or the deposit sequences observed.

Prehistoric to Roman Periods 4.2.5 The earliest evidence for prehistoric occupation comes from analysis of pollen samples from the Kings Pool, Stafford, to the north and east of the town centre. The pollen analysis indicates minor woodland clearance in the Neolithic period and major clearance in the late Bronze Age. Other evidence from beyond the study area includes two Bronze Age bowl barrows, located 4km to the east of the town, and the Iron Age hillfort of Bury Ring situated 4km to the west (SCC 2011). A polished stone axe of Neolithic or Bronze Age date (AM76) was recovered from close to Cresswell Hall to the north of the flood compensation area.

4.2.6 There is limited evidence for prehistoric activity from the excavations undertaken at Gaolgate Street (AM02) and St Mary’s Grove (AM08), Stafford, although the prehistoric finds from these excavations are not recorded separately in the HER. At both a small number of features are dated on stratigraphic grounds to the Iron Age. The most recent excavations at Tipping Street (in 2009; Stephen Dean pers. comm.) suggest the presence of several shallow circular ditches, which are also interpreted as of Iron Age date, and that may represent the remains of circular enclosures or possibly non-structural wall trenches.

4.2.7 There is no evidence for Stafford being a focus of settlement in the Roman period. There have been occasional finds of Roman pottery sherds from investigations in the town, but these have mostly been from re-deposited contexts and have been recovered in very small quantities. A plough soil sealing possible Iron Age structures at the excavations at St Mary’s Grove has been interpreted as being of Roman date (Carver 2010).

Early Medieval Period 4.2.8 It has been suggested that the site of the present town of Stafford was occupied prior to the creation of the burh (Carver 2010). This is on the basis of the radiocarbon dating of ovens at St Mary’s Grove in the centre of the historic town. Radiocarbon dates have also been recovered from several of the kilns excavated

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at Tipping street (in 2009 – 2010). These indicate that pottery production was occurring at the Tipping Street site prior to the construction of the burh in 913 AD and date this activity to the mid- to late 9 th century AD (Stephen Dean, pers comm).

4.2.9 The burh was founded by Aethelfleda in 913AD in order to control areas previously occupied by the Danes. Based on historical evidence the burh would have had a military and defensive role in controlling the area. The defences have not been identified archaeologically, but excavations have suggested evidence for central control which may have been based on Roman models (Carver 2010). The burh occupied the whole peninsula between the Kings Pond and the River Sow and activities included the production and processing of foodstuffs, like beef and grain, and the manufacture of pottery. This pattern of central control and manufacture appears to have continued until the Norman Conquest (Carver 2010).

4.2.10 Excavations at Gaolgate Street recorded post holes that were radiocarbon dated AD 430-650 (AM08) indicating occupation evidence from this period in the study area. The remainder of the archaeological heritage assets recorded in the study area post-date the historical foundation date for the Anglo-Saxon burh (AM04, AM14) in the early 10th century. The defences of the burh (AM03) have not as yet been clearly identified in archaeological investigations (AM13, AM39) but their location has been defined with reasonable confidence from historic map and topographical evidence. The results of archaeological investigations have identified early medieval occupation deposits in the areas thought to be within the burh defences (AM06, AM07, AM09-12) . There are no recorded assets for this period elsewhere in the study area.

4.2.11 The settlements at Tillington (AM77) and Doxey (AM78) had their origins in the early medieval period, both being mentioned in the Domesday Book (Ekwall 1960; Williams and Martin 2002). Of note is that there was 4 acres of meadow at Tillington, and in the parish of Eccleshall, which the hamlet at Doxey belonged to, there were 5 acres of meadow.

Medieval Period 4.2.12 The Norman Conquest seems to have disrupted activity in Stafford for about a century (Carver 2010). In the Domesday Book the town is described as having 128 occupied houses, and 51 or 52 which were waste (Greenslade and Johnson 1979). The number of waste houses may be due to the effects of the defeat of the Staffordshire and Cheshire Rebels by William I at Stafford in 1069, or his visit to the town on campaign in 1070 at which point a castle was built. It is thought this was a motte on the east side of the River Sow at Broadeye (AM15) . From the late 12th century the town appears to have been revived again occupying the whole peninsula (Carver 2010) and the suburb of Foregate was also developing (Greenslade and Johnson 1979). The town retained the core elements of the

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Saxon settlement; the axial principal street, Greengate Street, and the eastern craft activity area, but otherwise it was set out with a new street network (Carver 2010).

4.2.13 Stafford Castle (AM01) , a scheduled monument, is located on a prominent site c.1.2km to the southwest of the western limits of the proposed scheme. The scheduled area includes the castle motte and two baileys, an associated medieval settlement and an early 18 th century Gothic Revival reconstruction of the castle keep. The motte and baileys are believed to have been built in the late 11 th century or early 12 th century by Robert Stafford or one of his successors. It occupies a commanding position at the end of a ridge, surrounded by a ditch up to 22m wide. The motte is situated at the northwest corner of the site and has been articially raised on the site of a natural hill. In the mid-14 th century a stone built, rectangular keep, with octagonal towers at each corner, was built on the motte by Ralph, earl of Stafford. A fifth tower (not extant) was added to the south wall between the mid-14 th and early 16 th centuries. The standing remains of the medieval keep are also Grade II listed. In 1643, during the Civil War, the castle keep was demolished by Parliamentarian forces. It remained a ruin until the early 19 th century when the Jerningham family attempted to reconstruct the keep (work not completed). By the 1950s this building had been abandoned and it is Grade II listed. The motte and the two baileys are separated by large ditches, some of which have been infilled, with access via causeways. Archaeological excavations within the inner bailey have revealed evidence for medieval structures. Immediately to the southeast of the outer bailey are the earthworks of the medieval settlement, where excavations have revealed medieval occupation dated to between the 12th and the mid-15th centuries.

4.2.14 By 1274 a Franciscan Friary (AM16) was established on the east side of Foregate Street, north of the junction with the present day Browning Street. It was a modest religious house having an income from rents of only £1 6s 8d in 1538 when it was surrendered to the Crown (Greenslade and Pugh 1970). Possible masonry from the Friary, re-used in a post-medieval wall, has been found in Gaol Road (AM34) .

4.2.15 Medieval pits and pottery finds have been found in excavations along Chell Road (AM27, AM28) . These indicate that medieval occupation is present both within and outside the town walls in this area. Evidence of the medieval use of the landscape is provided by areas of ridge and furrow (AM27 and AM29) on the limits of the study area to the southwest of the proposed scheme. Excavations have produced extensive evidence for the medieval and later mills (AM37) on the River Sow to the south of the historic town centre.

4.2.16 There is extensive evidence for the medieval occupation of the defended historic town (AM17, AM18, AM21-26, AM28, AM30-33, AM35, AM36, AM38, AM40- 42) . The proposed scheme is located outside the occupied area as identified from historical sources and archaeology except at the junction with Foregate 19

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Street and at the junction of Browning Street. In these locations no archaeological evidence is noted within the HER and only the site of the Friary (AM16) is noted.

4.2.17 In the study area for the flood compensation area, extant earthworks (field boundaries and ridge and furrow) associated with medieval agriculture survive at Doxey Fields (AM80 and AM81) and at Trinity Fields (AM79).

4.2.18 The hamlet / village of Tillington (AM77), to the east of the flood compensation area and the Eccleshall Road, is said to have been deserted between the mid- 14th and early 16th centuries.

Post-medieval Period 4.2.19 The bridge at Broadeye (AM50) is first documented in 1583 and there is evidence for other crossings at this location in the form of timber piles and a ford (AM45) which have been observed during river works. Earthwork remains of water meadow systems in the Doxey Marshes (AM43) have also been identified to the west and to the east of the River Sow, north of the proposed scheme. With regards to the flood compensation area, this area is occupied by post-medieval water meadows (AM82) with drainage channels, associated earthworks and evidence for a brick built sluice and a bridge, both likely to be dated to the late 19th century. This watermeadow system is part of an extensive series of water meadows along the River Sow and its tributaries (AM83 , AM84 and AM85).

4.2.20 The HER notes numerous places of worship and their associated schools within the study area. There was a Quaker cemetery (AM55) in the yard area between the extant Meeting House and Foregate Street. Christchurch, Foregate Street (AM62) and its National School (AM63) stood between Foregate Street and Gaol Road. Christchurch also operated another National School on Rowley Street (AM67). The primitive Methodist Chapel, Snow Hill (AM64) stood in the area now occupied by Gaol Square.

4.2.21 The 18th century Staffordshire General Infirmary (AM58) was constructed on the west side of Foregate Street, now converted to a Business Centre.

4.2.22 The Stafford shoe manufacturing quarter (AM65) in the Foregate Street suburban area is also recorded in the HER along with a number of farmhouses in the hamlet of Doxey that date from as early as the 17th century (some of which are listed).

4.2.23 To the north of the flood compensation area and Cresswell Flash, the M6 motorway cuts through the middle of a former landscaped parkland belonging to Cresswell Hall (AM86), a mansion that was constructed in the 17th century, but demolished in the early 20th century. The parkland was positioned southwest of, but parallel to, the Eccleshall Road, from Wilke’s Wood in the northwest to

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Warren’s Lane in the southeast. Much of this landscaped parkland to the southeast of the M6 has been developed for housing and recreation purposes.

4.2.24 The HER and the historic OS mapping record 19th century transport infrastructure and related industrial developments within the study area. The Stafford and Uttoxeter Railway (AM66) has been dismantled, but a disused overbridge remains to the south of the proposed scheme near Timberlands Road; the Stafford to Wellington railway line, also known as the Shropshire Union Railway, survives as a disused siding in the study area and crosses the alignment of the scheme. The Grand Junction Railway (now the West Coast Main Line (WCML)) was constructed between Warrington and Birmingham from 1833 to 1837. In 1845 the company merged with the Liverpool and Manchester Railway and then with the London and Birmingham Railway and the Birmingham and Manchester Railway to form the London and North Western Railway in 1846. This railway line is crossed by Doxey Road and is situated to the east of the flood compensation area. In the area of the flood compensation area it is clear that the River Sow, to the east and west of the railway line, was straightened during railway construction. The former Castle Engine Works (AM68) has recently been demolished.

4.2.25 Commercial, religious and industrial activity in the historic town centre is represented by fourteen assets recorded on the HER or from archaeological investigations including a mill pond (AM49), buildings (AM52 and AM70) , stocks and pillory (AM53) , preaching cross and two chapels (AM51 , AM56 and AM60) , shoe factory (AM59), pits, ditches, road surfaces and other archaeological features (AM44 , AM46-47, AM54 , AM57 and AM69) and several burials located in a utility trench (AM48) .

4.2.26 Two cast iron boundary markers, dated to 1917, also survive within the study area for the flood compensation area. One in the village of Doxey (AM88) and the second close to Junction 14 of the M6 (AM87).

Unknown date 4.2.27 There are five records of undated archaeological assets. Three are earthworks, including an earthwork platform, East of Hill Farm, Castle Church (AM71), and two earthwork mounds (AM73, AM74) identified in Doxey Marshes to the north of the River Sow. Undated possible truncated archaeological features have also been identified at Stafford College (AM72).

Historical Borehole Records 4.2.28 There are numerous historical borehole records present from along the proposed scheme alignment. A review of these indicates that they are in broad agreement with the published geology. However, it should be noted that peat has been recorded in a number of boreholes beneath made ground. For example, two boreholes located just north of the eastern part of the scheme (borehole 21

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reference SJ92SW327 and SJ92SW328), recorded between 3.50m and 3.90m of made ground overlying soft peat deposits ranging from between 1.75m to 2.60m in thickness. Sand and gravels, considered to correlate with glaciofluvial deposits, were recorded beneath the peats in both boreholes.

4.2.29 Two other shallower boreholes, in the centre of the proposed scheme (borehole reference SJ92SW303 and SJ92SW304), recorded a similar stratigraphic profile, with made ground ranging between c.1.70m and 2.30m in thickness overlying peat deposits which ranged from between 2.10m to 3.80 m in thickness, with glaciofluvial sand and gravel present beneath.

4.2.30 Peat deposits were also recorded in two of the borehole logs reviewed from a cluster of trial pits available near the far western end of the scheme. The top of the deposit in this area was encountered between 0.30m below ground level (bgl) and 0.90m bgl, of c.0.20m to 0.30m thickness. The trial pits also recorded alluvium deposits (ranging in thickness from 0.40m to 0.90m), either beneath peat or topsoil. Glaciofluvial sands are logged directly beneath peat or alluvium, or often directly beneath topsoil indicating the absence of alluvium in localised parts of this area.

4.2.31 The published geology was also confirmed in borehole logs where alluvium would be anticipated to be absent. For example, two boreholes at the far east of the scheme (borehole reference SJ92SW337 and SJ92SW338) recorded between 0.60m and 2.10m of made ground directly overlying glaciofluvial sands and gravels. Similarly, borehole reference SJ92SW305 (located just outside the southern boundary of the western part of the site) encountered glaciofluvial sands and gravels directly beneath approximately 1.40m of made ground.

4.2.32 Groundwater is consistently recorded at shallow depths in the borehole logs, typically encountered between 1.40m bgl and 3.60m bgl, either in the made ground or the underlying natural superficial deposits.

4.2.33 With regards to the flood compensation area there are three historic British Geological Survey borehole logs positioned to the northeast of the area. These indicate deep peat sequences (up to 5m thick) and alluvium just to the northeast of the flood compensation area (British Geological Survey Boreholes SJ92 SW109, SJ92 SW110 and SJ92 SW111).

4.2.34 The landform has developed as a result of deposits associated with the River Sow and its floodplain. However, the management and modification of the floodplain has also significantly affected it. This active management of the flood plain is documented over a long period of time and can be assumed to extend back to the early medieval foundation of the town and probably beyond.

Proposed scheme borehole information

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4.2.35 Eight borehole logs drilled for the scheme were available for the assessment (Figure 8.14 – plan and cross-section). These are confined to the eastern part of Section A. The boreholes record peat deposits to the east of the River Sow in deposits 2.40m to 6.40m deep beneath made ground deposits of 3.00m to 4.00m thickness. West of the River Sow, in areas now laid out as car parks, the peat deposits are between 8.40m and 10.60m deep and are capped by between 2.20m and 3.60m of made ground and silts. A single borehole close to Doxey Road shows a peat deposit 2.00m deep sealed by 2.50m of made ground indicating that the peat deposits are much shallower at the southern limits of this part of the proposed route. Summary of borehole information 4.2.36 The available borehole information (Figure 8.14) clearly shows there are extensive peat deposits (AM75) along the route of the proposed scheme and also likely to be positioned within the flood compensation area. These deposits are up to 10.6m thick, in the car park areas west of the River Sow, and up to 5m thick close to the flood compensation area. They therefore have the potential to contain palaeo-environmental evidence, which is sealed by a considerable depth of made ground in the car park area and by topsoil and alluvium in the flood compensation area. The eastern end of the scheme between the River Sow and Foregate Street crosses the margin between the wetlands of the floodplain and the gravel terrace to the east which may have been a favourable location for potential prehistoric activity, whilst the flood compensation area contains a raised area that may also have been similarly attractive as an island in the marsh.

4.3 Historic Landscape Baseline 4.3.1 Historic landscape units within the study area are listed in Appendix B. They are identified by a unique number (e.g. HL01). The locations of the historic landscape units are shown on Figure 8.2.

Registered Parks and Gardens 4.3.2 There are no English Heritage Registered Parks and Gardens within the study area.

Previous surveys 4.3.3 A number of previous historic landscape studies have been undertaken within the study area. These include:

• Stafford Extensive Urban Survey (EUS), 2011 (Staffordshire CC) which defined historic urban character areas and historic character type polygons;

• Stafford Borough Historic Environment Assessment (HEA), Stafford Environs, 2009 (Staffordshire CC). This generated Historic Environment Character Zones; and

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• Staffordshire Refined Historic Landscape Character Assessment, 2011(Staffordshire CC) which generated historic character type polygons.

4.3.4 The assessment has predominantly utilised the EUS historic urban character areas, with the use of a single HEA Historic Environment Character Zone for the Doxey Marshes, which lies beyond the EUS survey area. These were chosen to provide seamless coverage of the scheme and because they are well documented with specific local information and with attribution of values to components and key assets.

Historic Landscape Character Areas 4.3.5 The proposed scheme has been divided into five Historic Landscape Character Areas as defined for this assessment in Table 4.2 and as depicted in Figure 8.2. A sixth Historic Landscape Character lies to the southeast of the scheme.

Table 4.2: Historic Landscape Character Areas

Ref Name Summary Description An industrial and commercial urban area extending West of Foregate HL01 into the River Sow floodplain. Dominated by 20th Street, Stafford century development and hard landscaping. A development of the streets and terraced houses HL02 Castletown, Stafford which form a mid- 19th century suburb. Dominated by industrial development comprising West of Castletown, large units the majority of which HL03 Stafford were built in the mid- and late 20th century and railway infrastructure. Dominated by open landscape comprising leisure uses and an area of drained wetlands. The buildings within the area include a large housing estate, HL04 Castlefields, Stafford constructed in the late 20th century, principally comprising detached houses, and late 19th century houses. Dominated by miscellaneous floodplain fields and Doxey Marshes & drained wetlands dating to the 18th/19th century HL05 Sow Valley when water meadows were constructed. These

survive in good condition. A landscaped park, opened in 1908 and developed in HL06 Victoria Park three phases up to 1930, utilising marshland along the River Sow. An area of former landscaped parkland associated HL07 Creswell Hall parkland with Cresswell Hall.

Existing Historic Landscape Character 4.3.6 West of Foregate Street, Stafford (HL01) is an industrial and commercial area. In the vicinity of the proposed scheme, west of the River Sow, are late 20th century retail park sheds with associated parking and access routes. The only expression of time depth in this part of the character area is the extensively altered and

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converted Staffordshire General Infirmary building which is c.75m south of the route.

4.3.7 The part of the character area on the west side of the River Sow is laid out as car parking with some tree belts on the river bank and the western limits of the area. There is no expression of time depth in this part of the character area.

4.3.8 The proposed scheme lies just to the north of the Castletown, Stafford (HL02) character area. This is a homogeneous area of terrace housing and narrow streets developed in a short period of time in the mid-19th century. Because of the tight layout of houses and streets most of the area is self-contained and is not heavily influenced by adjacent areas. The legibility of the historic character of the area is well preserved and makes a positive contribution to the sense of place in this part of Stafford.

4.3.9 The proposed route crosses the northern part of the West of Castletown, Stafford (HL03) character area. This historic landscape character area is of a mixed residential and industrial nature and has been subject to radical recent change. Late 20th century and 21st century development has changed the areas on the east side of the WCML from industrial to residential use. On the west side of the WCML there has been extensive 21st century demolition of industrial premises leaving open sites cleared to slab level. Some mid-20th century industrial premises remain at the north western limits of the area. There is some expression of time depth but not extending back beyond the mid-20th century.

4.3.10 The western limits of the proposed scheme extend c.100m into the Castlefields, Stafford (HL04) character area, across an area of open ground with drainage ditches, that is a restored late 20 th century landfill site. There are no legible heritage landscape assets and no evidence of time depth at the location of the proposed scheme.

4.3.11 The Doxey Marshes and Sow Valley (HL05) character area is extensive, extending from the proposed scheme into the flood compensation area and beyond the limits of the study area. It is an open wetland landscape dominated by watercourses and drainage features. The key historical elements are the remains of 18th and 19th century watermeadows. The part of the character area that is affected by the route of the proposed road scheme was laid out as a railway goods yard until the mid-20 th century. After closure of the railway it has been restored as informal open space with drainage features and extensive wetland tree and shrub planting. The legibility of the historic character is low and the characteristic watermeadow features of the broader character area are not present. However, within the flood compensation area extant water meadow water channels and earthwork embankments are evident, though overgrown with reed in places, along with a potential late 19th century brick built sluice and bridge.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

4.3.12 A single locally designated historic landscape asset has been identified in the study area, Victoria Park, Stafford (HL06) to the southeast of the scheme and the River Sow.

4.3.13 An area of former landscaped parkland (HL07) extending southeast of Cresswell Hall (now demolished), on the southwest side of Eccleshall Road. The former parkland has been bisected by the construction of the M6 motorway. Beyond the M6, the southeast part of the park has been overbuilt by housing and the creation of recreation grounds. The fields immediately northwest of the M6 are overgrown and not maintained. The only surviving elements of park are around the former site of Cresswell Hall.

4.4 Historic Buildings Baseline 4.4.1 Historic buildings and structures recorded within the study area are listed in Appendix C. Assets are identified by their asset number (e.g. HB01) and are depicted on Figure 8.3. All designated and non-designated historic buildings and areas within the study area have been considered. For ease of reference, those listed buildings which fall within a conservation area are discussed in the following section in acknowledgement of the contribution they make to the character of the designated area.

4.4.2 The study area includes most of the historic central core of Stafford town, much of which is also designated as a conservation area (Stafford Town Conservation Area) which contains over 80 listed buildings. In this assessment this conservation area and its associated historic buildings will be considered as a single heritage asset.

4.4.3 The flood compensation area has a number of listed buildings and a scheduled monument within the 1km study area. All are situated and set within the historic settlements of Doxey, Aston and Seighford, with the scheduled and listed Cresswell Chapel, positioned to the northwest of Creswell Hall. As the flood compensation area is not within the setting of any of these designated assets, and their significance will not be affected by the scheme, these are not considered further in this baseline.

Conservation Areas 4.4.4 There are two Conservation Areas (Table 4.3) in the study area.

Stafford Town Centre Conservation Area 4.4.5 The Stafford Town Conservation Area (HB01) covers most of the area within the former medieval walled town, except the northwest quarter closest to the proposed scheme. The conservation area includes the areas alongside the River Sow to the south and west of the historic town, including Victoria Park extending to Broadeye Bridge in the north which is at the southern limits of the proposed scheme. 26

Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

4.4.6 The character and appearance of the conservation area reflects the historic development of the town from the medieval period to the present day with a diversity of architectural styles and building scales to create an interesting and varied streetscape. The central location of the conservation area has resulted in a dense urban composition with little visibility beyond the medieval street layout. As such, the setting of the individual buildings is largely defined by their urban context. Exception to this can be found in those buildings aligned alongside the River Sow where the open views along the waterway extend their influence. This includes the Broadeye Windmill (HB12), a grade II listed building. Although derelict and missing its cap, the windmill remains a landmark building.

4.4.7 The conservation area itself is well contained. Its boundaries are largely defined by the extent of the historic town, reinforced by the modern road system.

Foregate and St Georges Conservation Area 4.4.8 The Foregate and St Georges Conservation Area (HB02) was designated by the Borough Council in 2014 and replaces the former Foregate Street Conservation Area. The conservation area is dominated by large institutions, comprising the Staffordshire General Infirmary, HM Prison Stafford and St George’s Hospital; however, there is also an interesting balance provided by small domestic buildings of the 18 th and 19 th century.

4.4.9 St George’s Hospital (HB11) and the Prison both occupy large plots of land. The prison (HB10), listed at Grade II, dates to the 18 th century, expanded in the early 19 th century, and represents a significant example of prison reform following the cell arrangement devised by John Howard. This significance is not apparent from outside the complex due to the high periphery wall which surrounds it. St George’s Hospital, in contrast, is set within open, landscaped grounds revealing the early 19 th century asylum architecture. The former General Infirmary (HB19) was built in the late 18 th century on a more modest scale than the asylum. The building itself has been subject to later alteration, eroding its architectural integrity, while the grounds have been redeveloped for car parking and light industrial units.

4.4.10 Sandwiched between Foregate Street and Gaol Road is an area of irregularly arranged Georgian and Victorian domestic buildings, creating a stark contrast with the continuous perimeter walls of the prison. Included within this group are the grade II listed 62 and 63 Foregate Street (HB08), significant due to its retention of late 17th century fabric, despite rebuilding of the façade in the 20 th century, and the Grade II* Friends Meeting House (HB03), considered by English Heritage to be one of the best preserved 18 th century meeting houses in Staffordshire. Originally built to the rear of Foregate Street, the redevelopment of the Foregate frontage in the late 20 th century has revealed the building; however, it retains its back yard setting, consistent with the Friends’ ethos of modesty and restraint.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Table 4.3: Conservation Areas

Asset No. Description HB01 Stafford Town Conservation Area HB02 Foregate and St Georges Conservation Area

Listed Buildings 4.4.11 Excluding those within the conservation areas, there are four listed buildings within the study area, all listed at Grade II.

4.4.12 The listed buildings all date to the early 19 th century, providing evidence for the Georgian expansion of the town. Along Foregate and Mount Street (HB05- HB07), the former dwellings have subsequently been converted to commercial use, but retain their architectural interest. They survive as isolated examples, with the surrounding streetscapes redeveloped in the late 20 th century.

4.4.13 To the south of the town is the Eagle Inn Public House (HB09), also dating to the early 19 th century. The building remains a good survival of its type and retains an understanding of its setting on one of the main routes into the town, despite the redevelopment of the surrounding streetscape.

4.4.14 The buildings at No. 127- 131 Newport Road (HB04) better retain an understanding of their setting. The terrace was constructed as railway workers housing and represent a comprehensive group executed in Tudor style. The relationship with the railway remains and their function as railway housing easily understood.

Table 4.4: Grade II listed buildings

Asset No. Description Period HB04 127-131 Newport Road, Stafford 19th century HB05 2 Mount Street, Stafford 19th century HB06 23 Saint Bernard's House, Broad Street, 19th century Stafford HB07 43 Foregate Street, Stafford 19th century HB09 Eagle Inn Public House, Newport Road, 19 th century Stafford

Non-designated buildings 4.4.15 There are nine buildings or structures within the study area which are not designated, but which appear on the HER, or were identified in the heritage walkover (Table 4.5).

4.4.16 Five of the buildings comprise industrial structures, consistent with Stafford’s industrial history. The majority of these relate to Stafford’s shoe industry which started in the 15 th century and came to dominate the town’s economy during the

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

19 th and into the 20 th century. A distinct shoe district emerged to the north of the town centre and a number of factories still survive along Marston Road (HB13), Browning Street (HB14) and Wogan Street (HB17). These were interspersed with housing for workers and owners alike, as evidenced by Wogan House (HB19) built by Richard Podmore adjacent to his new factory. Although the buildings are now converted to other uses, the understanding of this former industrial area survives.

4.4.17 Other industrial buildings include the Former Locomotive Shed (HB22), built in the late 19 th century for the construction of diesel locomotives. The complex has been expanded and modernised, but some historic structures do survive, as well as its railway setting alongside the station. Also dating to the 19 th century is the Stafford Electricity Works (HB18) which occupies a prominent position on the corner of Chell Road. The power station was constructed with a large distinctive chimney, but this was demolished in 1966 and new buildings built within the site.

4.4.18 The Universal Factory (HB21), in contrast, dates to 1938 and was executed in a Modernist style. The factory was built for the Universal Grinding Wheel Company and occupies a large site outside the town centre. The 1930s office block fronts the site, with large factory buildings added through the 20 th century. The building is architecturally interesting due to the use of emerging construction techniques to enable horizontal bands of windows to create a light office space.

4.4.19 The remaining locally interesting historic buildings represent places of worship. The Primitive Methodist Church on Gaol Road (HB15) opened in 1848 and was built in a classical style. Now in use as a Masonic Hall, the setting of the building has been eroded by the upgrading of Gaol Road and the introduction of car parking to the north. The Rowley Street Mission School and Methodist Chapel (HB16) better preserves its setting, located in the predominantly residential street. The Gothic chapel was opened in 1909 and its red brick façade represents an interesting break in the terraced housing.

4.4.20 Close to the flood compensation area, two non-designated brick built structures have been identified during the walkover survey.

4.4.21 Immediately south of Cresswell Flash are the remains of a late 19th century culvert/arched bridge (HB23) along the Darling Drain. This structure is first shown on the 1902 25” Ordnance Survey map. It is constructed of engineering bricks with segmental arch over a small watercourse (Darling Drain) set on large stone pad stones. There are low retaining walls to either side with no parapet. The hump of the arch forms the top of the culvert. Nearby (on the in-filled watercourse) are long capping stones that may have topped the walls but these now lie a short distance away. The culvert / bridge surface is now much eroded, but originally would have carried a track across the watercourse.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

4.4.22 A little distance to the west of Cresswell Flash there is the remains of a 19th century low brick wall (HB24) that crosses a channel (drain now mostly in-filled). A slight causeway on the eastern side obscures the drain at this location, but the structure could possibly be associated with a former sluice-gate structure (no other visible remains to confirm its identity). The extant wall is orientated on a northwest to southeast axis, and is constructed of nine courses in English bond. There is an odd projecting stone to the southeast; the function or purpose of which has not been identified.

Table 4.5: Non-designated historic buildings

Asset No. Description Period HB13 Boot and Shoe Manufactory, Marston Road, Marston Post-medieval Road HB1 4 Four Crosses Shoe Factory, Browning Street, Post-medieval Stafford HB1 5 Primitive Methodist Church, Gaol Road, Stafford Post-medieval HB1 6 Rowley Street Mission Sunday School and Methodist Post-medieval Chapel, Rowley Street, Stafford HB1 7 Shoe Factory / Stafford Box Factory, Wogan Street, Post-medieval Stafford HB1 8 Stafford Electricity Works Post-medieval HB 19 Wogan House, Marston Road, Stafford Post-medieval HB2 1 Universal Factory, Doxey Road, Stafford Modern HB2 2 Former Locomotive Shed, Castle Street Post-medieval HB23 Brick culvert / Bridge, Tillington and Doxey Marshes Post-medieval HB24 Possible brick built sluice, Tillington and Doxey Post-medieval Marshes

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

5 CONCLUSIONS 5.1.1 The scheme is located outside the historic settlement areas of Stafford, except for small portions of the proposed scheme in Section A at the junction with Foregate Street and at the Browning Street junction. The new road alignment in Section A, is sited on land that was previously in industrial or transport use. In Section C, at the western end, the new alignment crosses a current factory site that has been subject to at least three periods of development and redevelopment, and in an area of open land that has most likely been affected by drainage works and possibly by extraction and land fill activities in the mid-20 th century.

5.1.2 The flood compensation area is positioned within the Doxey and Tillington marshes and in an area of extant 18 th and 19 th century watermeadows, including extant water channels, silted up channels, a possible brick built sluice and a brick bridge of late 19 th century date. The bridge is likely to have been associated with a 19 th century enclosure and a small building (noted on the 1880 Ordnance Survey map) on a slightly higher piece of ground, or island, within the surrounding marsh. The enclosure and small building are no longer extant.

5.1.3 The baseline assessment has identified 88 archaeological heritage assets, six historic landscape character units and one historic landscape asset, and 18 historic building assets.

5.1.4 The impacts of the proposed scheme and consequent effects will be assessed in the Environment Statement Cultural Heritage Chapter.

6 REFERENCES Belford, P. (2011) ‘The archaeology of everything’- grappling with the post- medieval, industrial and contemporary archaeology. in Watt, S. (ed.) (2011) The Archaeology of the West Midlands – A Framework for Research . Oxbow Books. Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (2014) CIfA Code of Conduct. Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (2014) CIfA Standard and Guidance for historic environment desk-based assessment. Department of Communities and Local Government (2012) National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) . Ekwall, E. (ed.) (1960) The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place Names. Oxford University Press. Envirocheck Report (including site sensitivity data and historical maps) sourced from the Landmark Information Group (dated 18 January 2011). Greenslade, M.W. and Johnson, D.A. (eds.), (1979) A History of the County of Stafford Volume 6, Victoria County History.

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Garwood, P. (2011) The earlier prehistory of the west midlands. in Watt, S. (ed.) (2011) The Archaeology of the West Midlands – A Framework for Research . Oxbow Books. Highways Agency (2007a) The Design Manual for Roads and Bridges, Volume 11, Section 3, Part 2 – Cultural Heritage (HA 208/07) Highways Agency (2007b), Assessing the Effect of Road Schemes on Historic Landscape Character. Hooke, D. (2011) The post-Roman and early medieval periods in the west midlands: a potential archaeological agenda in Watt, S. (ed.) (2011) The Archaeology of the West Midlands – A Framework for Research . Oxbow Books. Hopgood, R. Darlington, J. Tomson, S. (1991) Watching brief at Chell Road, Stafford . Stafford Borough Council unpublished report. Hunt, J. (2011) The Medieval period in Watt, S. (ed.) (2011) The Archaeology of the West Midlands – A Framework for Research . Oxbow Books. Hurst, D. (2011) Middle Bronze Age to Iron Age: a research assessment overview and agenda in Watt, S. (ed.) (2011) The Archaeology of the West Midlands – A Framework for Research . Oxbow Books. Stafford Borough Council (2014) Foregate and St George’s Conservation Area Appraisal Staffordshire County Council, (2009) Historic Environment Character Assessment – Stafford Environs. Staffordshire County Council, (2011) Staffordshire Extensive Urban Survey – Stafford. Watt, S. (ed.) (2011) The Archaeology of the West Midlands – A Framework for Research. Oxbow Books Williams, A. and Martin, G. H. (eds.) (2002) Domesday Book: A Complete Translation. Penguin.

Map references

John Speed’s map 1610 WSL Town Plans S1905 N-W Stafford, 1788, SRO 3337 Part of Staffordshire Containing 100 Square Miles Surveyed by Mr Field and Drawn by Mr Stevens 1817 Stafford 1835 SRO C/P/116/7/7 Plan of meadows and low lands on rivers Sow and Penk belonging to Sir William Jerningham, undated, SRO D641/3/F/10 Fields with penciled notes of land use, undated, SRO D641/3/F/14

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Plan of the railway through property of Lord Stafford, undated, SRO D641/3/F/13 Plan and section property of Lord Stafford’s trustees required for Shropshire Union Railway, undated, SRO D641/3/F/11 Ordnance Survey 25” to 1 mile scale map 1880 Ordnance Survey 25” to 1 mile scale map 1881 Ordnance Survey 25” to 1 mile scale map 1901 Ordnance Survey 25” to 1 mile scale map 1902 Ordnance Survey 25” to 1 mile scale map 1923 Ordnance Survey 25” to 1 mile scale map 1925 Ordnance Survey 25” to 1 mile scale map 1947 Ordnance Survey 1 to 10000 scale map 1970 Ordnance Survey 1 to 10000 scale map 2000

Aerial Photographs Hunting Surveys 1963 Aerial Photographic Survey of Staffordshire 1999 – 2001

Online references Britain From The Air (BFTA) images consulted: EPW020052 EPW046124 EAW001874 Carver, C 2010 Anglo-Saxon Stafford. Archaeological Investigations 1954-2004. Field Reports On-line ADS http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/stafford_eh_2009/overview.cf m (Accessed 21/07/14) Defra. Multi-Agency Geographic Information database (MAGIC http://www.natureonthemap.naturalengland.org.uk/home.htm ) Stafford Borough Council – Conservation Areas http://www.staffordbc.gov.uk/conservation-areas4 Accessed 30/07/14

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Appendix A: Gazetteer of Archaeology Heritage Assets Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM01 390158 322271 Stafford The standing and buried remains of Stafford Medieval Scheduled High Castle Castle, an associated medieval settlement and Monument an early 19th century Gothic Revival reconstruction of the castle keep. The motte and two baileys are arranged on a north west- south east alignment and the settlement is situated to the east and south east of the lower bailey AM02 MST13 392162 323474 Prehistoric A series of three stake holes situated at the Prehistoric Non- Negligible 958 features, level of the natural glacial sand and gravel and designated 25-27 the fill of one of the stake holes contained a Gaolgate fragmented sherd of possible Prehistoric Street, pottery or daub. The stake holes were sealed Stafford by a possible plough soil of Late Prehistoric or Roman date. AM03 MST31 392088 323050 Town A series of banks and ditches observed in a Early Non- Negligible 63 Defences, workman's trench on Water Street in 1970, Medieval designated Stafford which were interpreted as part of the town defences (and possibly related to the Saxon burh) AM04 MST36 392200 323500 Stafford Placename, suggesting the location of a ford. Early Non- Negligible 02 (Placenam Medieval designated e) AM05 MST76 392108 323510 Stafford The possible course of the medieval town wall, Early Non- Medium 7 Town Wall which may have followed the line of the earlier Medieval designated Saxon Burh defences

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM06 MST13 392145 323471 Medieval Medieval and post-medieval deposits identified Early Non- Negligible 946, and Post- during an archaeological evaluation in the yard Medieval designated EST13 Medieval to the rear of 25-27 Gaolgate Street, Stafford 75 Features, in March 1998. 25-27 Gaolgate Street, Stafford AM07 MST13 392162 323474 Medieval Evidence for sub Roman and Saxon activity Early Non- Negligible 958 and with a radiocarbon date of circa AD 430-650. Medieval/M designated Medieval Plough scarring indicates that this area may edieval Features, have been used for agricultural activity 25-27 subsequently. All levels were sealed by a Gaolgate thick, homogeneous layer which may be Street, interpreted as a dumped layer associated with Stafford a period of abandonment or inactivity in this area. Constructed directly on top of the soil layer was a metalled surface interpreted as a probable road or track over four metres wide and aligned east to west. Stafford Ware pottery (of 9th-11th century date) was recovered from the road surface, while the layer sealing the road has been dated to late 12th-13th century (see below), which together would suggest a late Saxon or early post- Conquest date for the feature.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM08 MST16 392100 323260 Ovens, Three ovens were discovered during an Early Non- Negligible 05, Saint archaeological excavation which have been Medieval designated EST22 Mary's radiocarbon dated to the mid-late 9th century. , Grove, The ovens relate to a phase of activity which EST14 Stafford pre-dates the founding of the burh in AD 913. 4 AM09 MST13 392052 323338 Buried Soil Buried soil layers of medieval and post- Early Non- Negligible 914, Layers, medieval date, identified during an Medieval designated EST10 Chapel archaeological excavation at Chapel Street, 35 Street, Stafford in 2002. Stafford AM10 MST31 392101 323190 St. Mary's Documentary evidence for the site of a college Early Non- Medium 73, College , associated with the Royal Free Chapel at Medieval designated MST77 Stafford Stafford (probably first dedicated to St Bertelin 0 and then to St. Mary). The college is thought to have been established in the pre-conquest period and was dissolved in 1547 AM11 MST45 392185 323427 Building, The remains of a building of probable 10th- Early Non- Negligible 30, Salter 11th century date, identified during Medieval designated EST10 Street, archaeological excavations at Salter Street. 60 Stafford Further structural and domestic features were also identified, with dates spanning the 13th to the 16th centuries.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM12 MST13 392050 323493 Saxon and Evidence for the diversion and infilling of a Early Non- Negligible 003 Medieval palaeochannel during the late Saxon period, Medieval designated Activity, identified during an archaeological series of Sheridan pits of medieval to Post Medieval date were Centre, discovered during an archaeological Stafford excavation on land at the Sheridan Centre, Stafford in late 2002 and early 2003. Further evidence of late Saxon and medieval activity in the form of pits, ditches, post-holes, wells and a possible malting oven were also encountered.

AM13 MST14 391914 323247 Ditches, Four phases of north-east to south-west Early Non- Negligible 310 Broadeye, aligned ditches dating to the 10th-11th Medieval designated Stafford century, identified during an archaeological excavation at Broadeye, Stafford. It's possible that the succession of ditches may represent part of the north-western extent of the former Saxon burh of Stafford, although subsequent research suggests that it may define a pre- Conquest enclosure adjacent to the burh. AM14 MST76 392183 323299 Stafford The burh of Stafford was founded by Early Non- Medium 5 Burh Aethelfleda in 913 AD. The medieval town Medieval designated developed in the same area and had continuous borough status throughout the medieval period. Saxon, medieval and post- medieval archaeological remains have been discovered in the town.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM15 MST76 391843 323255 Stafford Documentary evidence for a motte and bailey Medieval Non- Medium 6 Castle castle located in Stafford town, possibly in the designated (Motte and vicinity of Broad Eye. Bailey) AM16 MST77 391973 324007 Greyfriars, The site of a Franciscan house near Medieval Non- Medium 6 Stafford Forebridge in Stafford, first mentioned in 1274. designated The friary was dissolved in the mid 16th century, and it is thought that the buildings were demolished in 1643 AM17 MST31 392020 323441 Well, The remains of a medieval well lined with Medieval Non- Negligible 64, Mount sandstone blocks, discovered during an designated EST9 Street, archaeological excavation at Mount Street in Stafford 1971. The date of the well was not determined, although it appears to have gone out of use by the late 12th century. AM18 MST13 391880 323226 Pit, New A substantial medieval pit feature containing Medieval Non- Negligible 001, Skills 12 and 13th century pottery, recorded during a designated EST12 Centre, watching brief on the site of Stafford College in 0, Stafford 2006 EST10 College 67, EST14 49, EST17 33, EST22 97

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM19 MST14 390491 322676 Ridge and The earthwork remains of medieval ridge and Medieval Non- Low 317 Furrow, furrow surviving to the north-east of Stafford designated North-East Castle. The earthworks were not visible during of Stafford field inspection and are thought to have been Castle, ploughed out Castle Church AM20 MST18 390912 322674 Ridge and The remains of medieval ridge and furrow Medieval Non- Low 814 Furrow, identified as shallow earthworks to the east of designated East of Stafford Castle during a field inspection in Stafford 1991. The area is now occupied by a golf Castle, course and the survival of the ridge and furrow Castle is uncertain. Church AM21 MST31 392020 323190 Medieval Possible medieval rubbish pits and a sherd of Medieval Non- Negligible 67 Rubbish 13th century pottery found during excavations designated Pits and in 1972 associated with construction of the Pottery, extension to the College of Further Education Earl Street, on Earl Street Stafford AM22 MST31 391993 323346 Medieval Residual medieval pottery found in an Medieval Non- Negligible 71, Pottery, evaluation designated EST10 Broad 32, Street, EST10 Stafford 33

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM23 MST34 392320 323330 Medieval Many sherds of (medieval) pottery and a Medieval Non- Negligible 21 Pottery complete pot, found in Stafford during the designated Findspot, excavation of foundation trenches in the Stafford 1960's. No specific details regarding the location of the findspot are known AM24 MST77 392102 323233 Tithe Barn, A barn, which was probably the tithe barn to Medieval Non- Low 3 St. Mary's the Royal Free College of Stafford, once stood designated Grove, on the site of 5 St. Mary's Grove. It is Stafford mentioned in records dated 1818. AM25 MST77 392066 323145 St. Mary's Documentary evidence for the site of a college Medieval Non- Medium 1, College associated with the Royal Free Chapel at designated MST77 and Stafford (probably first dedicated to St Bertelin 2, Deanery, and then to St. Mary). The college is thought MST31 Stafford to have been established in the pre-conquest 73 period and was dissolved in 1547. The dean's chamber in or adjoining the churchyard was mentioned in 1295. By the beginning of the 15th century his house included a hall, principal chamber, chapel, pantry, and buttery. The Crown sold it with the rest of the deanery estate to Lord Stafford in 1550. Demolished 1817-24. A small rescue excavation on the site of Stafford College of Further Education revealed evidence of post holes and a sleeper trench. Pottery dating from the 13th century through to the post-medieval period was also recovered.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM26 MST13 392172 323460 Cess Pit A probable rubbish pit of 12th-14th century Medieval Non- Negligible 902, and Soil date and a small, circular post-hole of similar designated MST13 Layers, 25- date. The full extent of the pit was not revealed 928, 27 during the excavation, but it was roughly MST13 Gaolgate circular in plan and the fill produced sherds of 941 Street, ironrich sandy ware of broadly 12th to 14th Stafford century date. The latest soil horizon excavated was represented by a thick layer of homogenous brown sandy loam containing sherds of mid 13th to mid 14th century pottery. A refuse or cess pit was cutting through this layer. The fill of the pit contained a sherd of Tudor green pottery, dated to the 15th or 16th century. AM27 MST31 391950 323450 Medieval Excavations revealed the natural sand sloping Medieval Non- Negligible 70, Pit Cluster, down in a south-easterly direction. This runs designated EST17 Chell Road counter the modern ground surface which 90 rises steeply to the north-east. This has been interpreted as possible evidence for the construction of a motte at Bull Hill. Buried soils, a cluster of medieval pits and evidence of discontinuous 19th century dumping were also encountered during the excavations.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM28 MST15 392035 323208 Beams The remains of buildings which dated from the Medieval Non- Negligible 92 Slots, Pits 12th-15th centuries, identified during designated and excavations at Earl Street, Stafford. Analysis Postholes, has suggested a sequence of two timber Earl Street, houses, one of post-hole and the second of Stafford beam slot construction. The pits dug to the rear of the buildings may have been in existence at this period also AM29 MST31 391941 323406 Pottery Stafford Ware and other medieval to post- Medieval/Po Non- Negligible 58 Finds, medieval pottery recovered during the st Medieval designated Chell excavation of service trenches on Chell Road Road, in the early 1980s Stafford AM30 MST31 392174 323233 St Mary's Demolition of the 17th century Brookfields Medieval/Po Non- Low 81 Gate, wall shop in circa 1983 revealed a large sandstone st Medieval designated at block wall behind the brick wall of the cellar Brookfields , Stafford AM31 MST76 392070 323530 North The North Gate into Stafford, which had fallen Medieval/Po Non- Medium 8 Gate, into disuse by the late 17th century. It was st Medieval designated Stafford. rebuilt circa 1700 for use as a prison. Demolished after 1794. Sewer works in the 1970s found stone walls believed to be the remains of the town gate.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM32 MST13 392179 323398 Medieval Evidence of medieval and post activity on the Medieval/Po Non- Negligible 870, and Post- site, including pits, layers and other features of st Medieval designated EST10 Medieval undetermined function, identified during an 44 Features, archaeological watching brief on ground works 35-36 associated with maintenance and repair work Gaolgate Street, Stafford AM33 MST13 392229 323217 Medieval An archaeological watching brief during Medieval/Po Non- Negligible 895 and Post ground works associated with the st Medieval designated Medieval refurbishment of the Bear Inn, Greengate Features, Street in July-August 1998 revealed medieval Bear Inn, deposits and features surviving well across the Greengate site. Evidence for late medieval- early post- Street, medieval activity was also identified across the Stafford site AM34 MST18 392058 323935 Wall, Gaol A wall containing possible medieval masonry, Medieval/Po Non- Low 292 Road, observed during building work to the rear of a st Medieval designated Stafford property on Gaol Road, Stafford in 2011. The masonry may have come from the site of the 13th century Greyfriars Friary AM35 MST31 391887 323209 Building A small rescue excavation on the site of Medieval/Po Non- Negligible 60, and Stafford College of Further Education revealed st Medieval designated EST17 Pottery, evidence of post holes and a sleeper trench. 92 Tenterbank Pottery dating from the 13th century through to s, Stafford the post-medieval period was also recovered

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM36 MST14 392136 323170 Site of The location of the medieval vicars choral Medieval/Po Non- Medium 296 College college may be associated with the site of st Medieval designated House, College House. The latter was first mentioned Stafford in the early 17th century when it housed the grammar school master. It was demolished circa 1738 and its outbuildings converted to a workhouse. The latter stood on the site of the school

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM37 MST78 392140 322970 Stafford A mill at Stafford is recorded in the Domesday Medieval/Po Non- Low 6, Mill, Mill survey of 1086, but the first documented st Medieval designated EST13 Bank, record of a mill at this site comes from a Pipe 80, Stafford Roll of 1164-65, when the mill is recorded as EST13 newly built. Archaeological excavation on the 81, site of Stafford Mill revealed the remains of a EST14 substantial timber-framed building. 43, Dendrochronological dating produced a date EST18 of the late 12th century for the earliest phase 98, of the building, four other main phases were EST21 also identified and dated to the 13th/14th 85 centuries, the 14th/15th centuries, the mid- 16th century, and the 17th century. Remains of 18th and 19th century date were also recorded. No evidence of the late-Saxon mill recorded in the Domesday survey was revealed within the extent of the excavation, and therefore the location of this mill remains uncertain. Tree ring dating of timbers from phase 4 give a consistent date of 1548. This coincides with the Minister's Account. The date that the timber framed mill went out of use is unknown, although phase 4 timbers were overlain by rubble containing mid to late 16th century pottery.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM38 MST64 391997 323343 Late- A series of features of probable late medieval Medieval/Po Non- Negligible 50 Medieval or early post-medieval date identified during st Medieval designated Features, an archaeological excavation on Broad Street, Broad Stafford in 1998. Some of the features are Street, thought to be associated with the production Stafford and/or preparation of a lime-based products AM39 MST14 391926 323246 Medieval Features found during archaeological Medieval/Po Non- Negligible 311 Features, excavations in 2003. The features included a st Medieval designated Broadeye, ditch 8 metres wide and 2 metres deep of Stafford probable 12th to mid 13th century date, which followed the same alignment as earlier Saxon ditches recorded on the site. The upper fills of the ditch contained pottery of late 13th to 14th century date typical of a low-to-moderate status urban assemblage. The ditch is large enough to be defensive and it is possible that it formed part of the outer bailey of a motte and bailey castle believed to have been constructed at Broadeye. The medieval ditch was cut by two circular pits, one of contained a pottery assemblage dating from the mid-13th century. The second contained pottery consistent with an early 14th century date.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM40 MST14 392068 323056 Manor Documentary evidence for a manor house, the Medieval/Po Non- Low 295 House, land of which was recorded to have been st Medieval designated Stafford bestowed upon the Canons by the Anglo- Saxon Kings and confirmed by Henry III in the 13th century. The manor house is thought to have been on the site of (and therefore predating) the Sir Martin Noel Almshouses AM41 MST31 392039 323082 Pit, Sir A 13th century pit found in an evaluation , Medieval/Po Non- Negligible 72 Martin diameter over 3m and depth over 2m. st Medieval designated Noel's Residual Stafford Ware in good group of later Almshouse medieval pottery s, Stafford AM42 MST31 392070 323090 Possible 13th-14th century pottery found in a rubbish pit Medieval/Po Non- Negligible 65 Medieval during road works st Medieval designated Rubbish Pit, Mill Street, Stafford AM43 MST13 389833 324983 Water The earthwork remains of an extensive post- Medieval/Po Non- Low 547, Meadow, medieval water meadow system at Doxey st Medieval designated MST13 Doxey Marshes, identified during a survey of water 548 Marshes meadows in Staffordshire completed in 2008 AM44 MST31 391008 324178 Post- Evidence of post-medieval activity in an Medieval/Po Non- Negligible 77 medieval evaluation trench st Medieval designated Activity, Stafford

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM45 MST31 392120 323015 Ford / Remains of timber piles and a recent, hard Medieval/Po Non- Low 76, Timber core ford in the area to the south of Broad Eye st Medieval designated EST17 Piles, River Bridge. The features were inundated without 91 Sow, record. Stafford AM46 MST13 391780 323274 Medieval Evidence of post-medieval and possibly earlier Post Non- Negligible 923 and Post activity identified during an archaeological Medieval designated Medieval watching brief at the Swan Hotel in Greengate Features, Street, Stafford in March 2002 Greengate Street, Stafford AM47 MST14 392194 323167 Pits and 16th to 18th century pits and ditches identified Post Non- Negligible 314 Ditches, during archaeological excavations Medieval designated Broadeye, Stafford AM48 MST31 391926 323246 Burial, Evidence for several human burials of Post Post Non- Negligible 78 Stafford Medieval date were observed in the Medieval designated construction of a sewer AM49 MST35 392129 323170 Mill Pond, A mill pond to the west of the site of Stafford Post Non- Low 19 Stafford Mill. The pond is now located within the extent Medieval designated Mill of Victoria Park. AM50 MST78 392095 322954 Broad Eye Site of a post-medieval timber road bridge Post Non- Low 3 Bridge, shown on plan of 1583. It was rebuilt in 1611. Medieval designated Stafford Currently a modern stone bridge stands on the site

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM51 MST78 391797 323300 Preaching A preaching cross is recorded on late 16th Post Non- Low 0 Cross, Earl century/early 17th century maps on the Medieval designated Street, approximate site of present War Memorial in Stafford Earl Street AM52 MST45 392031 323125 Hourd's A 17th century timber framed building. Post Non- Low 02 Building, Demolished in 1992. Medieval designated Stafford AM53 MST 392079 323106 Stocks and The site of stocks and a pillory, in front of the Post Non- Low 781, Pillory, site where Lloyds Bank now stands in Market Medieval designated MST13 Market Square 243 Square, Stafford AM54 MST13 392205 323301 Rubbish A series of 17th-18th century pits, interpreted Post Non- Negligible 910 Pits, Broad as probable domestic refuse pits, identified Medieval designated Street, during an archaeological excavation at Broad Stafford Street, Stafford in 1998 AM55 MST34 391997 323343 Quaker The site of a Quaker cemetery from the mid Post Non- Medium 11 Cemetery, 17th century, which remained in use until the Medieval designated Foregate late 19th century Street, Stafford AM56 MST14 392021 323711 Site of 17th Chapel of late 17th century date. It was Post Non- Low 473 century considerably altered during the course of the Medieval designated Presbyteria 18th and 19th centuries. In 1988 the building n Chapel, was demolished to make way for Trinity Mount Church Street, Stafford 49

Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM57 MST31 391984 323394 Road Successive road surfaces and 18th/19th Post Non- Negligible 74, Surfaces, century make-up layers revealed during trial Medieval designated EST20 Chell excavations on the old 'Bull Hill' at Chell Road 7 Road, Stafford AM58 MST64 391960 323370 Staffordshi The Stafford General Infirmary was Post Non- Low 93 re General established on this site in the late 18th Medieval designated Infirmary, century, but was remodelled in the late 19th Stafford century (Cf. PRN 54474 for extant buildings). Gardens, a laundry and a mortuary were features of the hospital by the late 19th century. Much of the hospital complex was demolished circa 1999 AM59 MST18 391925 323670 Shoe The site of William Horton's boot and shoe Post Non- Low 590 Factory, manufactory, located to the rear of Chetwynd Medieval designated Rear of House (Horton's residence from 1812). The Chetwynd factory was probably established in the late House, Mill 18th or early 19th century, and was Street, demolished in the early 20th century. Brick Stafford walling recorded during an archaeological watching brief to the rear of Chetwynd House in 2011 may represent the partial remains of the factory buildings.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM60 MST14 392218 323076 Congregati The site of a Congregational Church, built in Post Non- Low 475 onal 1811-12 as a Zion chapel. It was demolished Medieval designated Church / in 1965. Zion Chapel, Martin Street, Stafford AM61 MST18 392302 323223 Site of It was originally built circa 1825 as a mixed Post Non- Low 238 Christ National School. By 1875 it had become a Medieval designated Church school for girls and infants only and an National extension was built in 1887. The school closed School, in 1909, but appears to have reopened as a Gaol Road, Sunday School. The building was demolished Stafford in the late 20th century AM62 MST 392103 323654 Site of Christ Church dated from 1837-9. The church Post Non- Low 3134, Christchurc was demolished sometime after 1979. The Medieval designated MST18 h, Graveyard which was probably established at 239 Foregate the time the church was conscrated was Street and closed to new burial, except for those in cemetery existing tombs, in 1873 AM63 MST12 392063 323643 The The former Stafford to Wellington railway line, Post Non- Negligible 226 Stafford to constructed in 1849. Passenger services were Medieval designated Wellington withdrawn in 1965 Railway Line / The Shropshire Union Railway 51

Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM64 MST14 384597 320595 Primitive Chapel erected in 1849, replacing one at a Post Non- Low 363 Methodist former site. The Methodist chapel was Medieval designated Chapel, enlarged in the mid-1880s and then closed in Snow Hill, 1958, demolished in 1968 Stafford AM65 MST11 392098 323605 Stafford A distinctive development area of Victorian Post Non- Low 472 Shoe terraced housing and factories associated with Medieval designated Manufactur the shoe industry in Stafford ing Quarter AM66 MST12 392005 324120 Stafford The former Stafford and Uttoxeter Railway, Post Non- Negligible 320 and constructed in the late 19th century. The Medieval designated Uttoxeter railway had a number of stations along its Railway route and spurs to salt works at Stafford Common and Weston upon Trent. The line had closed to passenger services by the 1930s and to freight by 1951 AM67 MST13 398651 326884 Site of The site of Christ Church National School, Post Non- Low 000 Christ which originally opened to boys in circa 1874. Medieval designated Church In 1888 new buildings were added to the south National for a girls school, but they were transferred to School, another new building in 1909. The school Rowley buildings were built in a Gothic Revival style Street, and were of red brick construction with ashlar Stafford and blue brick decoration. The school finally closed in 1939 and was demolished circa 2007

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM68 MST18 391868 324212 Castle The site of Castle Engine Works, which was Post Non- Low 226 Engine developed by W. G. Bagnall from 1876 as a Medieval designated Works, locomotive works. The industrial complex has Castle been expanded and modernised several times Street, since the late 19th century. The building of Stafford locomotives on the site ceased in 1961. All the works buildings have been demolished. AM69 MST13 391492 323172 Boundary A possible boundary wall of probable late 19th Post Non- Low 524 Wall, century date, aligned roughly west-east along Medieval designated South of the River Sow to the south of Mill Bank Mill Bank, Stafford AM70 MST31 392177 322988 Site of A stone building with Gothic style window and Unknown Non- Low 82 Building, glazed tile floor, recorded in 1750 to the rear of designated Goalgate the Wheatsheaf Inn on Gaolgate Street. The Street, remains may have been that of an Stafford ecclesiastical building AM71 MST18 391973 322985 Earthwork A raised area of platform identified in a field to Unknown Non- Low 817 Platform, the east of Hill Farm during a field visit in designated East of Hill 1991. The date and function of the feature is Farm, unknown Castle Church

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM72 MST31 390688 322849 Possible A trial excavation associated with bore-holing Unknown Non- Negligible 75 Truncated suggests that this area may have been cleared designated Features, in the 19th century. No earlier deposits were College of found, although possible truncated features Further may exist Education, Stafford AM73 MST18 391951 323185 Earthwork The larger of two earthwork 'islands' identified Unknown Non- Low 293 Mound, during a site visit to Doxey Marshes in 2011. designated Doxey The 'island' is surmounted by a trapezoidal Marshes, mound. Although the exact date and function Stafford of the island and mound is uncertain it is suggested that they could represent either natural features, a building platform or possibly even the remains of a levelled motte or defensive feature. AM74 MST18 391361 323963 Earthwork The smaller of two earthwork 'islands' Unknown Non- Low 294 Mound, identified during a site visit to Doxey Marshes designated Doxey in 2011. Although the exact date and function Marshes, of the island is uncertain it is suggested that it Stafford could represent either a natural feature or possibly the remains of a defensive feature (such as a barbican) associated with the larger mound to the south

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM75 391388 324029 Peat Potential geo-archaeological evidence from Unknown Non- Low/Mediu sequences peat sequences identified from boreholes. designated m and potential organic deposits in the river Sow flood plain AM76 MST16 389810 325400 Findspot A polished stone axe of Neolithic or Bronze Neolithic / Non- Low 43 Age date, found in the Creswell area Bronze Age designated AM77 MST25 391042 325008 Settlement Tillington / Tillintone Deserted Medieval Early Non- Low 70 Settlement – destroyed / redeveloped for Medieval designated housing. A settlement recorded in the and Domesday Survey (1086), but deserted in the Medieval medieval period, probably between the mid- 14th and mid- 16th century. AM78 MST24 389997 323734 Settlement Doxey / Dochesig (Settlement). A settlement Early Non- Low 10 recorded in the Domesday Survey of 1086 as Medieval designated part of the manor of Eccleshall. The and placename probably means 'Docc's Island' Medieval and was probably in use prior to 730 A. D. AM79 MST42 390450 325520 Earthworks Trinity Fields Ridge and Furrow, North of Medieval Non- Low 40 Stafford. The earthwork remains of a medieval designated or later field system, identified on aerial photography.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM80 MST42 389300 324400 Earthworks Doxey Fields – Field Boundary, Field System, Medieval Non- Low 39 Strip Field. A field system with 'reversed s' designated field boundaries at Doxey. The system is of possible medieval origin. AM81 MST42 389690 324300 Earthworks Ridge and Furrow, Doxey Fields, Seighford Medieval Non- Low 38 The earthwork remains of medieval ridge and designated furrow, identified from aerial photography in the Doxey Fields area. - AM82 MST13 390041 324788 Earthworks Water Meadow, Doxey Marshes. The Post- Non- Low 547 earthwork remains of an extensive former medieval designated water meadow field system, identified during a survey of water meadows in Staffordshire completed in 2008. Parts of this water meadow system have been inspected in the field (see PRNs 52114 and 52115). A series of drains and sluices associated with the water meadow system are recorded on 1st Edition Ordnance Survey mapping from 1888. Aerial photography from 1963 and 2000 suggest that upstanding earthworks and notable carriers survive across 10-50% of the total area of the water meadow. A sluice is visible to the north east of Seighford. Photographs showing two brick culverts forming part of the water meadow field systems at Doxey Marshes, Stafford were taken in 2010.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM83 MST13 390854 324268 Earthworks Water Meadow, Doxey Marshes. The Post- Non- Low 548 earthwork remains of part of an extensive medieval designated former water meadow field system (PRN 52113), identified during a survey of water meadows in Staffordshire completed in 2008. Desk based survey suggested the presence of substantial drainage features within the area and field survey confirmed the presence of numerous channels across the area. Due to the transformation of the area in to a wetland reserve however, many of the more subtle water meadow features which may exist are obscured due to flooding and over-growth of the area. Some carrier banks and other linear plots were still identifiable. Drains are identifiable on the 1st Edition Ordnance Survey mapping in this area. Aerial photography from 1963 and 2000 suggest that upstanding earthworks and notable carriers survive across 10-50% of the total area of the water meadow system. Photographs showing two brick culverts forming part of the water meadow field systems at Doxey Marshes, Stafford, were taken in 2010.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM84 MST13 389888 324016 Earthworks Water Meadow, Doxey. The remains of a Post- Non- Low 546 former water meadow field system, identified medieval designated during a survey of water meadows in Staffordshire completed in 2008. Aerial photography from 1963 and 2000 show that there is now only partial survival of the water meadow, with only basic elements such as the head and main drains surviving as earthworks. There may be some survival of carriers as either earthwork or cropmark features (but across less than 10% of the total area of the water meadow. AM85 MST13 389868 323524 Earthworks Water Meadow, Doxey. A water meadow Post- Non- Low 545 identified during a survey of water meadows in medieval designated Staffordshire completed in 2008. The water meadow has been identified as surviving with upstanding earthworks and carriers across 10- 50% of the total area.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM86 MST18 389841 325466 Country Site of Creswell Hall, Stafford – now Post- Non- Low 027 House demolished. A Mrs Compton of Creswell is medieval designated recorded to have a property with 7 hearths in the 1666 lay subsidy hearth tax returns. The number of hearths would seem to indicate a large house and may relate to Creswell Hall. Creswell Hall is named on William Yates' map of Staffordshire (1775). The hall is shown within a landscaped area on the 1" Ordnance Survey mapping from circa 1834-1836. The hall is shown on the 3rd Edition Ordnance Survey mapping, but not on the 4th Edition indicating that it was probably demolished in the early-mid 20th century. Early 19th century mapping indicates that a landscape park had been established around Creswell Hall by the early 19 th century and White's Directory of 1884 describes Creswell Hall to be a large, stuccoed mansion on an eminence above the Sow. The directory also records it to be extra-parochial and 'the family mansion of the Reverend Edward Whitby'.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Value of Easting Northing Name Description Period Status No. No. asset AM87 MST20 390381 325402 Boundary Borough Boundary Post, Eccleshall Road, Modern Non- Low 077 Post Stafford. A parish/borough boundary post, designated situated on Ecclshall Road to the east side of the M6 roundabout at Creswell (Junction 14 of the motorway). The triangular cast iron milepost has a chamfered top and is painted white and green with raised black lettering. The lettering on the west face reads 'Parish of Creswell' and that on the east face reads 'Borough of Stafford' The upper, chamfered face bears a crest and the date '1917'. AM88 MST20 390113 323757 Boundary Boundary Post, Doxey Road, Stafford. A cast Modern Non- Low 081 Post iron boundary post, situated at the junction of designated Doxey Road and Greensome Lane, Stafford. The post measures 17 inches in width, 11 inches in depth (across the face) and 31 1/2 inches in visible height. The post has been broken and repaired since it was erected in 1917. The post reads: '1917,' Parish of Seighford,' 'Borough of Stafford.'

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Appendix B: Gazetteer of Historic Landscape Areas and Assets

Asset HER No. No. Easting Northing Name Description Period Value HL01 West of An industrial and commercial urban area extending into the Sow Low Foregate flooplain. Dominated by 20 th century development and hard Street, landscaping Stafford HL02 Castletown, A development of the streets and terraced houses which form a Low Stafford mid 19th century suburb HL03 West of Dominated by industrial development comprising large units the Low Castletown, majority of which Stafford were built in the mid and late 20th century and railway infrastructure HL04 Castlefields, Dominated by open landscape comprising leisure uses and an Low Stafford area of drained wetlands. The buildings within the area are a large housing estate constructed in the late 20 th century principally comprising detached houses and late 19 th century house HL05 Doxey Dominated by Miscellaneous Floodplain Fields and Drained Low Marshes & Wetlands dating to the 18th/19th century when water meadows Sow Valley were constructed.

HL06 MST62 392155 323461 Victoria Victoria Park opened in 1908 as a recreational space for the Modern Medium 64 Park, people of Stafford. Ten acres of marshland next to the River Sow Stafford was designated for the park and this was developed in three phases. The first phase (opening in 1908) included land between the railway station and the river and the second, land on the opposite side of the river. The third phase, occupying land in the area to the north of the River and north-west of Victoria Road was complete by 1930

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER No. No. Easting Northing Name Description Period Value HL07 MST62 390080 325390 Landscape Landscape Park: A landscaped area around Creswell Hall. The Post- Low 29 Park, area of former parkland is now approximately 1/2 built over with medieval Creswell the M6 motorway and associated slip roads now crossing through Hall, the area and the remainder, to the southeast of the motorway Creswell being built over mainly for housing. The landscape park around Creswell Hall is marked on the first edition 1" OS map.

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

APPENDIX C : Gazetteer of Historic Building Heritage Assets Asset HER Easting Northing Name Description Period Status Value No. No. HB01 Stafford Within the study area the Conservation Area Conservation High Town includes one Grade I listed building the church Area Conservatio of St Mary, nine Grade II* listed buildings, fifty n Area two Grade II listed buildings and two non- designated built heritage assets. HB02 Foregate Conservation Medium and St Area George's Conservatio n Area HB03 MST7 392022 323722 Friends' A Friends' Meeting House built in 1730 with a Post- Listed High 339 Meeting late 19th century addition. The meeting house medieval Building II* House, retains many original features and is considered Foregate to be the best surviving example in Staffordshire Street, Stafford HB04 MST7 391785 322760 127-131 A terrace of 5 houses built between 1837 and Post- Listed Medium 382 Newport 1850 for railway workers. The houses are of medieval Building II Road, brick construction with ashlar dressings and Stafford slate roofs. The listing includes the attached front walls and gate piers HB05 MST7 392017 323366 2 Mount A house built c.1810 with a surviving 17th Post- Listed Medium 378 Street, century rear wing medieval Building II Stafford

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Easting Northing Name Description Period Status Value No. No. HB06 MST7 392009 323354 23 Saint A house built c.1810 which has subsequently Post- Listed Medium 325 Bernard's been converted into offices medieval Building II House, Broad Street, Stafford HB07 MST7 391907 323913 43 Foregate A mid- 19th century house of probable stuccoed Post- Listed Medium 337 Street, brick construction with slate roof and interesting, medieval Building II Stafford decorative windows. Now in use as a shop HB08 MST7 391971 323762 62 and 63 A late 17th century house, the front elevation of Post- Listed Medium 338 Foregate which was rebuilt in the late 20th century. The medieval Building II Street, building has been refurbished, extended and Stafford converted to offices HB09 MST7 392000 322808 Eagle Inn A public house built c.1800 Post- Listed Medium 379 Public medieval Building II House, Newport Road, Stafford

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Easting Northing Name Description Period Status Value No. No. HB10 MST7 392142 323795 HM Prison Central Block, North Detention Block (1832-3, Post- Listed Medium 340, Stafford, by Joseph Potter Jnr; altered and medieval Building II MST7 enlarged 1861-6, by R Griffiths), North-East 343, Detention Block (1852-4), South Detention MST7 Block (c.1840) and West and North Perimeter 341, Walls (c1790 with 1950s alterations) are all MST7 seperately listed. Central Block dates to 1787- 342, 93 with later alterations to wings. By Thomas MST7 Cook or William Blackburn. The three storey 344 block is of brick construction with a slate roof and contemporary iron grilles over the windows. HB11 MST6 392402 323775 St George's Mental hospital. 1818, by Joseph Potter; Post- Listed Medium 492 Hospital / extended 1849-50 and later. Georgian style medieval Building II Staffordshir e General Lunatic Asylum HB12 MST3 391817 323257 Windmill, Tower windmill. 1796 using materials from Post- Listed Medium 266 Broadeye, demolished late C16 Shire Hall. Dressed stone, medieval Building II Stafford conical tower. Blocked entrance has iron roundel above with lettering: 1796 HB13 MST1 392053 324195 Boot and This is probably the factory which Thomas Post- Non- Low 1470 Shoe Mottram built circa 1878. By 1914 the factory medieval designated Manufactory was in the ownership of C. H. Riley & Son. The , Marston company continued to trade , presumably in this Road, building, until at least 1956/7 based on Stafford Marston Trade Directories Road

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Easting Northing Name Description Period Status Value No. No. HB14 MST1 392066 323981 Four A possible former shoe factory situated at the Post- Non- Low 1469 Crosses junction of Gaol Road, Sandon Road, Browning medieval designated Shoe Street and Marston Road in Stafford. The four Factory, bay, three storey building is of brick construction Browning with tiled roof. The ground floor now has a 20th Street, century shop front, but the other floors retain Stafford their original windows and the 2nd floor a hoist doorway HB15 MST1 392136 323576 Primitive The site of a former Evangelical Primitive Post- Non- Low 4474 Methodist Methodist Church, now a Masonic Hall. The medieval designated Church, Methodist church was built in 1848 with a three- Gaol Road, bay pedimented front with giant pilasters and Stafford pediments to the former central entrance and lower windows HB16 MST1 391955 324251 Rowley The Sunday School on Rowley Street, which Post- Non- Low 8240, Street opened in 1886 was also used as a chapel. It is medieval designated MST1 Mission of red brick and was designed in a Queen Anne 8241 Sunday style by G. Wormal of Stafford. The Wesleyan School and Methodist Chapel on Rowley Street opened in Methodist 1909 and was designed in a Gothic style by C. Chapel, W.D. Joynson of Wednesbury and Darlaston. It Rowley is of red brick with terracotta dressings. Street, Stafford

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Easting Northing Name Description Period Status Value No. No. HB17 MST1 392109 324102 Shoe A shoe factory built for Richard Podmore and Post- Non- Low 1468 Factory / Son in the 1860s. The building switched its medieval designated Stafford Box focus to the manufacture of boxes from the early Factory, 20th century onwards. It was converted to flats Wogan in the early 21st century. Street, Stafford HB18 MST1 391980 323534 Stafford Power station consisting of several phases of Post- Non- Low 1471 Electricity construction and incorporating a tall distinctive medieval designated Works brick chimney. The electricity works opened in 1895 and the chimney was demolished in 1966 HB19 MST 391960 323682 Staffordshir The general hospital was built in 1766 to 1771 Post- Non- Low 6493, e General to the design of Benjamin Wyatt Sen. It is of medieval designated MST1 Infirmary, seven bays and is two and a half storeys and 8243 Foregate lower two-storey wings of three bays with Street, pediments across. The very long front is of Stafford 1892-97 by Sir Aston Webb. It has Queen Anne windows. A comparison of an 1842 drawing of the original infirmary building and a colour photograph taken in the 20th century after the late 1890s alterations reveals that the central core survives. However, it has clearly been re- fronted. The lower two-storey bays mentioned by Pevsner, however, appear to have been redeveloped in the late 1890s being replaced by longer wings of two-storeys in the late 1890s. Demolition work in 1999 has left only the three frontage buildings standing including the seven bay building

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Easting Northing Name Description Period Status Value No. No. HB20 MST1 392085 324117 Wogan A house built for Richard Podmore in the 1860s Post- Non- Low 8228 House, as part of the new shoe factory he had built in medieval designated Marston Wogan Street (PRN 50361). He is recorded as Road, living there in 1871 and his son was there in Stafford 1881. It was being leased out by 1914. The house is said to retain many of its original fixtures and fittings. HB21 MST1 391260 323409 Universal A factory built by W.O. Roper, who transferred Modern Non- Low 8812 Factory, part of his emery wheel and grindstone business designated Doxey to Stafford in 1893. After several Road, amalgamations, the company became The Stafford Universal Grinding Wheel Co. Ltd and opened a factory equipped with the latest machinery at Doxey in 1913. The office building on Doxey Road opened on 21st January 1938 and by the 1970s the company was the largest manufactory of emery wheels and grindstones in Europe. The 1938 block is in the modernist style, with the emphasis on the simple functional blocks and horizontal ranges of windows. Detailing included alloy metal unicorns. The unicorn is a recurring motif across the Universal site, appearing on many of the buildings. HB22 391603 323084 Former Former London and North Western Railway Post- Non- Low Locomotive mainline railway locomotive shed on north-west medieval designated Shed, side of Stafford station. Closed 1965. Now Castle refurbished for use by Stafford College. Street

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Asset HER Easting Northing Name Description Period Status Value No. No. HB23 390376 324662 Brick culvert Brick culvert / Bridge, Tillington and Doxey Post- Non- Low / Bridge, Marshes medieval designated Tillington and Doxey Marshes HB24 390164 324727 Possible Possible brick built sluice, Tillington and Doxey Post- Non- Low brick built Marshes medieval designated sluice, Tillington and Doxey Marshes

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Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

APPENDIX D: List of archaeological events

Event HER No. Easting Northing Name Type No. PA01 EST1032 391988 323345 Shopmobility development site, Broad Street, Stafford. Evaluation PA02 EST1043 392120 322714 Friar's Terrace, Stafford, Staffordshire. Evaluation PA03 EST1046 392156 323469 Boreholing at 25-27 Gaolgate Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Evaluation PA04 EST1047 392156 323469 25-27 Gaolgate Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Evaluation PA05 EST1060 392187 323431 Salter Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Evaluation PA06 EST1062 392044 323489 The Sheridan Centre, Gaolgate, Stafford, Staffordshire. Evaluation PA07 EST1066 392141 323022 Water Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Evaluation PA08 EST1068 391801 323241 Broad Eye Windmill, Stafford, Staffordshire. Evaluation Pollen analysis of samples taken from the King's Pool, Stafford, PA09 EST1069 392540 323439 Evaluation Staffordshire. PA10 EST120 391951 323186 Trial Excavation on the site of the College of Further Education, Stafford. Evaluation PA11 EST1313 392063 323482 The Sheridan Centre, Stafford, Staffordshire. Evaluation PA12 EST1380 392139 322966 Mill Bank, Stafford as part of the River Sow Improvement Scheme. Evaluation PA13 EST1443 392142 322972 The Mill, Mill Bank, Stafford. Evaluation PA14 EST1449 391943 323170 Stafford College, Staffordshire. Evaluation PA15 EST1706 392069 323800 Archaeological Trial Trenching at County Road, Stafford Evaluation PA16 EST207 391960 323370 Archaeological evaluation at Chell Road Car Park, Stafford Evaluation PA17 EST681 390148 323114 Evaluation at Castlefields, Stafford. Evaluation PA18 EST1033 391988 323345 Shopmobility Development Site, Broad Street, Stafford. Excavation PA19 EST1035 392050 323336 4 Chapel Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Excavation PA20 EST1193 392099 323187 The Church of St. Bertelin, Stafford, Staffordshire. Excavation PA21 EST1375 392156 323469 25-27 Gaolgate Street, Stafford. Excavation PA22 EST1381 392134 322971 Stafford Mill, Mill Bank, Stafford. Excavation PA23 EST1737 392050 323493 The Sheridan Centre, Stafford: Excavation

70

Staffordshire County Council Stafford Western Access Route

Event HER No. Easting Northing Name Type No. PA24 EST1790 391950 323450 Stafford Town Excavations: Site 20 - Voluntary Services, Chell Road Excavation A rescue excavation in the grounds of Stafford College of Further PA25 EST1792 391950 323188 Excavation Education, Tenterbanks, Stafford in 1969. PA26 EST2185 392134 322968 Stafford Mill Excavation PA27 EST2297 391896 323202 Stafford College, Earl Street, Stafford Excavation PA28 EST9 392016 323415 Mount Street Excavation Excavation Geophysical PA29 EST1859 390458 322359 Land at Stafford Castle. survey PA30 EST1036 391938 323456 Sainsbury's Store, Chell Road, Stafford, Staffordshire. Watching Brief PA31 EST1037 391803 323454 Chell Road, Staffordshire. Watching Brief PA32 EST1044 392164 323396 35-36 Gaolgate Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Watching Brief PA33 EST1045 392156 323469 25-27 Gaolgate Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Watching Brief PA34 EST1048 392194 323167 Swan Hotel, 45/46 Greengate Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Watching Brief PA35 EST1049 392227 323218 Bear Inn, Greengate Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Watching Brief PA36 EST1058 392189 323346 3 Market Square, Stafford, Staffordshire. Watching Brief PA37 EST1059 392218 323375 Bank House, Salter Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Watching Brief PA38 EST1067 391952 323184 Whitley Building, Stafford College, Stafford, Staffordshire. Watching Brief PA39 EST1192 392017 323366 2 Mount Street, Stafford, Staffordshire. Watching Brief PA40 EST1330 392038 323972 21 Browning Street, Stafford. Watching Brief PA41 EST1368 392301 323195 St Chad's Place, Stafford. Watching Brief PA42 EST1733 391875 323208 New Skills Centre, Stafford College, Stafford. Watching Brief PA43 EST1791 391780 323274 South of Broad Eye Bridge, Stafford. Watching Brief PA44 EST1898 392242 323029 The Mills, Mill Bank, Stafford Watching Brief PA45 EST2254 391876 323133 Victoria Park, Tenterbanks, Stafford in March 2011. Watching Brief PA46 EST2273 392225 323070 Former Post Office, Greengate Street, Stafford. Watching Brief

71

Reproduced from Ordnance Survey digital map data © Crown copyright 2014. All rights reserved. Licence number 0100031673. SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A © Staffordshire County Council Historic Environment Record COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT 66 NOTES AM 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY

Scheme footprint AM43 550m buffer of scheme footprint Construction compound AM67 SUDS Heritage Assets AM65 !( Early Medieval !<( AM74 Early Medieval/Medieval !( AM16 Medieval !<( Medieval/Post Medieval AM73 !( AM34 Post Medieval Post Medieval Prehistoric AM55 Early Medieval AM63 Medieval AM58 Medieval/Post Medieval !(!( AM61 Post Medieval AM63 AM64 Modern !<( d x AM75 !( Unknown m

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F ± Reproduced from Ordnance Survey digital map data © Crown copyright 2014. All rights reserved. Licence number 0100031673. SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A © Staffordshire County Council Historic Environment Record COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY

Scheme footprint

550m buffer of scheme footprint Historic Urban Character Areas HL01 - West of Foregate Street, Stafford HL02 - Castletown, Stafford HL03 - West of Castletown, Stafford HL05 HL04 - Castlefields, Stafford HL05 - Doxey Marshes & Sow Valley HL06 - Victoria Park

Note: Historic Landscape Character Units are taken from the Stafford Extensive Urban Survey (HL01-04) and the Stafford Historic Environment Assessment (HL05)

HL01 d x m . 2 v _ s a e r A r e t c a r a h HL03 C n a b r U c i r o t s i H

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0 Telephone (01256) 310200 - p i Fax (01256) 310201 w - www.ursglobal.com a b \ \ : Drawing Number Rev e m a N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-02-D i 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 Metres ± F Reproduced from Ordnance Survey digital map data © Crown copyright 2014. All rights reserved. Licence number 0100031673. SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A © Staffordshire County Council Historic Environment Record COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS.

HB16 KEY HB13 Scheme footprint

550m buffer of western access HB20 HB17 route alignment Construction compound SUDS Conservation areas HB14 !( Historic Building Heritage Assets !( Post-medieval HB07 Post-medieval Post-medieval Modern

HB11 HB08 HB10 !( HB03 HB02 HB19

HB15

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\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m

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0 www.ursglobal.com 5 \ : I : Drawing Number Rev e m a N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-03-D i 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 Metres ± F ± d x m . d r o f f a t S f o p a M

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FIGURE 8.4 4

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N ACTUAL SURVEY OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH e l i USE, AND ONLY FOR THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED.

F 47069508-URS-HE-DR-04-D SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX

IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY Scheme footprint (approximate location)

Doxey Road not shown d x m . 2 v _ 7 0

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s FIGURE 8.5 e l i f _ t DETAIL OF UNDATED PLAN c e j o r OF THE LANDS OF SIR p \ e m WILLIAM JERNINGHAM C.1807 e h c S

_ Designed Drawn Checked Approved Date d a

o TG TG PF PF 02/04/2015 R _

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a 47069508 N/A t S

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\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m

e FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE t s PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. y S n URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited o i t

a Scott House

m Alençon Link, Basingstoke r o f Hampshire, RG21 7PP n I

Telephone (01256) 310200 -

4 Fax (01256) 310201 0

0 www.ursglobal.com 5 \ : I : Drawing Number Rev e m a N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-05-D i 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 Metres ± F SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX

IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY Scheme footprint (approximate location)

Foregate area

Sketched alignment of Grand Junction railway

d x m . 2 v

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a Purpose of Issue M y e DRAFT x o D t Client a d n a l f o n a l p

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6 e r STAFFORD WESTERN u g i F \ ACCESS ROUTE e g a t i r e H \ s Drawing Title D X M \

s FIGURE 8.6 e l i f _ t DETAIL OF UNDATED AND c e j o r UNIDENTIFIED PLAN OF LAND p \ e m AT DOXEY MARSHES e h c S

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\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m

e FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE t s PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. y S n URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited o i t

a Scott House

m Alençon Link, Basingstoke r o f Hampshire, RG21 7PP n I

Telephone (01256) 310200 -

4 Fax (01256) 310201 0

0 www.ursglobal.com 5 \ : I : Drawing Number Rev e m a N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-06-D i 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 Metres ± F SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX

IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY

Scheme footprint

(approximate location) G

r

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n

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n

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S t r e e oad t R xey Do d x m . 2 v Railway _ Grand Junction 0 4

8 1 . c d r o f f a t S d r o L f o y t r e p Revision Details By Check o Suffix r

p Date

Check h g Purpose of Issue u o r h t

DRAFT y a w l i Client a r e h t f o

n To Stafford a l p f o

l Project Title i a t e D

7 e r STAFFORD WESTERN u g i F \ ACCESS ROUTE e g a t i r e H \ s Drawing Title D X M \

s FIGURE 8.7 e l i f _ t PLAN OF THE RAILWAY c e j o r THROUGH THE PROPERTY OF p \ e m LORD STAFFORD C.1840 e h c S

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\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m

e FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE t s PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. y

S n URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited o i t

a Scott House

m Alençon Link, Basingstoke r o f ± Hampshire, RG21 7PP n I

Telephone (01256) 310200 -

4 Fax (01256) 310201 0

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e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-07-D

i 50 0 50 100 Metres F

F

o

r

e

g

a

t

e

a

r

e a SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX

IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY Scheme footprint Doxey Road (approximate location) New alignment for the occupation road

Occupation road

Proposed layout of Castletown d x

m . 2 v _ 0 4 8 1 . c n o i n U y a w l i

a Revision Details Check By Suffix R Date

e Check r i h Purpose of Issue s p o r h DRAFT S y b Client d e r i u q e r n a l p f o

l Project Title i a t e D

8 e r Proposed suburb STAFFORD WESTERN u g i F \ not built ACCESS ROUTE e g a t i r e H \ s Drawing Title D X M \

s FIGURE 8.8 e l i f _ t DETAIL OF PLAN OF LAND c e j o r REQUIRED BY THE SHROPSHIRE p \ e m UNION RAILWAY C.1840 e h c S

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\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m

e FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE t s PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. y S n URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited o i t

a Scott House

m Alençon Link, Basingstoke r o f Hampshire, RG21 7PP n I

Telephone (01256) 310200 -

4 Fax (01256) 310201 0

0 www.ursglobal.com 5 \ : I : Drawing Number Rev e m a N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-08-D i 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 Metres ± F SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX

IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY Scheme footprint (approximate location)

Revision Details Check By Suffix Check Date Purpose of Issue d x DRAFT m . 2 v Client _ p a M

S O h c n i 5

2 Project Title

1 8 8 1

9 e r STAFFORD WESTERN u g i F \ ACCESS ROUTE e g a t i r e H \ s Drawing Title D X M \ s e l i f _ t FIGURE 8.9 c e j o r 1881 25INCH OS MAP p \ e m e h c S

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\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m

e FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE t s PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. y S n URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited o i t

a Scott House

m Alençon Link, Basingstoke r o f Hampshire, RG21 7PP n I

Telephone (01256) 310200 -

4 Fax (01256) 310201 0

0 www.ursglobal.com 5 \ : I : Drawing Number Rev e m a N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-09-D i 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 Metres ± F SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX

IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY Scheme footprint (approximate location)

Revision Details Check By Suffix Check Date Purpose of Issue d x DRAFT m . 2 v

_ Client p a M

S O h c n i 5 2 Project Title 1 0 9 1

0 1 e r STAFFORD WESTERN u g i F \ ACCESS ROUTE e g a t i r e H \ s Drawing Title D X M \ s e l i f _ t FIGURE 8.10 c e j o r 1901 25INCH OS MAP p \ e m e h c S

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0 THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE 7 4

\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m

e FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE t s PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. y S n URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited o i t

a Scott House

m Alençon Link, Basingstoke r o f Hampshire, RG21 7PP n I

Telephone (01256) 310200 -

4 Fax (01256) 310201 0

0 www.ursglobal.com 5 \ : I : Drawing Number Rev e m a N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-10-D i 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 Metres ± F SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX

IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY Scheme footprint (approximate location)

Revision Details Check By Suffix Check Date d x Purpose of Issue m . 2 v

_ DRAFT p a M Client h c n i 5 2 d r o f f a t S Project Title 3 2 9 1

1 1 e r STAFFORD WESTERN u g i F \ ACCESS ROUTE e g a t i r e H \ s Drawing Title D X M \ s e l i f _ t FIGURE 8.11 c e j o r 1923 25INCH OS MAP p \ e m e h c S

_ Designed Drawn Checked Approved Date d a

o TG TG PF PF 02/04/2015 R _

d URS Internal Project No. Suitability r o f f

a 47069508 N/A t S

_ Scale Zone 8 0

5 1:4,000 @ A3 N/A 9 6

0 THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE 7 4

\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m

e FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE t s PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. y S n URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited o i t

a Scott House

m Alençon Link, Basingstoke r o f Hampshire, RG21 7PP n I

Telephone (01256) 310200 -

4 Fax (01256) 310201 0

0 www.ursglobal.com 5 \ : I : Drawing Number Rev e m a N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-11-D i 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 Metres ± F SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX

IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY

Scheme footprint

Recorded landfill

d x m . 2 v _ s d l

e Check i Revision Details By f Suffix e

l Date

t Check s a Purpose of Issue C t a l l

i DRAFT f d n a Client L d e d r o c e R f o t n Project Title e t x E

2 1 e r STAFFORD WESTERN u g i F \ ACCESS ROUTE e g a t i r e H \ s Drawing Title D X M \ s e l i FIGURE 8.12 f _ t c e

j EXTENT OF RECORDED o r p \

e LANDFILL AT CASTLEFIELDS m e h c S

_ Designed Drawn Checked Approved Date d a

o TG TG PF PF 02/04/2015 R _

d URS Internal Project No. Suitability r o f f

a 47069508 N/A t S

_ Scale Zone 8 0

5 1:3,000 @ A3 N/A 9 6

0 THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE 7 4

\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m

e FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE t s PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. y S n URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited o i t

a Scott House

m Alençon Link, Basingstoke r o f Hampshire, RG21 7PP n I

Telephone (01256) 310200 -

4 Fax (01256) 310201 0

0 www.ursglobal.com 5 \ : I : Drawing Number Rev e m a N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-12-D i 50 0 50 100 150 200 Metres ± F SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX

IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE METHOD STATEMENT THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY

Scheme footprint

550m buffer of scheme footprint Archaeological events

PA40

PA15

PA23 PA06 PA03 PA11 PA24 PA04 PA30 PA31 PA21 PA33 PA09 PA28 PA05

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2 PA25 Suffix v PA08 Check Date _ PA20 s t PA17 Purpose of Issue n PA10 e v PA41 E l PA14 DRAFT a c i g

o PA38 Client l o e PA45 PA34 a h c r A

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PA22 e PA44 r STAFFORD WESTERN u g i PA13 F \ ACCESS ROUTE e g a PA26 t

i PA12 r e H \ s Drawing Title D X M \

s FIGURE 8.13 e l i f _ t LOCATION OF c e j o r ARCHAEOLOGICAL p \ e m EVENTS e h c S

_ Designed Drawn Checked Approved Date d PA29 PA02 a

o TG TG PF PF 02/04/2015 R _

d URS Internal Project No. Suitability r o f f

a 47069508 N/A t S

_ Scale Zone 8 0

5 1:8,000 @ A3 N/A 9 6

0 THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE 7 4

\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m

e FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE t s PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. y S n URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited o i t

a Scott House

m Alençon Link, Basingstoke r o f Hampshire, RG21 7PP n I

Telephone (01256) 310200 -

4 Fax (01256) 310201 0

0 www.ursglobal.com 5 \ : I : Drawing Number Rev e m a N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-13-D i 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 Metres ± F File Name:I:\5004 - Information Systems\47069508_Stafford_Road_Scheme\project_files\MXDs\Heritage\Figure 14 Borehole Locations and Geotechnical Results_v2.mxd 5 0 0

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Reproduced from Ordnance Survey digital map data © Crown copyright 2014. All rights reserved. 1006113 $+ SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION BOX IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL WORKS ON THIS DRAWING WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY A Licence number 0100031673. COMPETENT CONTRACTOR WORKING, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TO AN APPROPRIATE Contains Ordnance Survey Data © Crown Copyright and database right 2015 METHOD STATEMENT © Staffordshire County Council Historic Environment Record 1242636 THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT NOTES 1. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTATION. 2. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING, USE ONLY PRINTED DIMENSIONS. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROJECT HEALTH & SAFETY FILE FOR ANY IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL RISKS. KEY Flood Compensation Areas HL07 Designated Heritage Assets AM79 $+ Grade II listed building Scheduled monument AM86 Non-Designated Heritage Assets AM87 (! Prehistoric (! AM76 (! <(! Early Medieval / Medieval AM82 (! Medieval 18th / 19th century water (! meadows (! Late 19th century HL07 (! Post-Medieval (! Modern Medieval AM77 <(! 18th / 19th century water meadows Post-Medieval

HB24 (! HB23 (! d x m . s t e s Check s Revision Details By Suffix A AM82 Check Date e g AM81 a Purpose of Issue t i r e H

DRAFT a e r A Client n o i t a s

n AM83 e p m o C

d Project Title o o l F

5 1 e r STAFFORD WESTERN u g i

F AM80 \ ACCESS ROUTE e g a t i r e AM84 H \ s Drawing Title D X M \ s e l i FIGURE 8.15 f

_ 1211909 t c e

j FLOOD COMPENSATION AREA o r $+ p \

e - HERITAGE ASSETS m e h c S

_ Designed Drawn Checked Approved Date d a AM88 o TG TG NM NM 15/05/2015 R _ AM78 ! $+ d ( URS Internal Project No. Suitability r o f !

f <( a 4$+7069508 N/A t $+ 1298146 1195383

S $+$+

_ Scale Zone 8 0

5 1:10,000 @ A3 N/A 9

6 1211250 0 THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE 7 4

\ TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR s ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR m e 1258753 FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE t s PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. y AM85 S n URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited o i t

a Scott House

m Alençon Link, Basingstoke r o

f $+ Hampshire, RG21 7PP n

I 1259771 $+ Telephone (01256) 310200 -

4 Fax (01256) 310201 0

0 www.ursglobal.com 5 \ :

I 1259762 : Drawing Number Rev e $+ m

a $+ N e l 47069508-URS-HE-DR-15-D i 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 Metres ± F $+