JAN. 7, 2019–JAN. 24, 2020 2019

Eskaleran Pulan Chamorro Re faluwasch Pápáál Maram Chenchulu fishing for atulai/peti (bigeye scad) on Rota. PHOTO COURTESY OF STAN TAISACAN.

About This Calendar

The Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council has for the fish species, lunar months and moon phases are in black, A publication of the Western Pacific Regional produced traditional lunar calendars for the Commonwealth of and the Refaluwasch names are in green. The calendar reflects Fishery Management Council pursuant to NOAA Award NA14NMF4520236. the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) since 2007. The intent is continued work with the CNMI community to create a calendar © 2018, Western Pacific Regional Fishery to raise awareness about traditional ecological knowledge and that recognizes the importance of island cultures and traditional Management Council enhance community involvement in fishery management. The fishing practices in managing fishery resources and to foster ISBN 978-1-944827-32-8 calendar features previous contributions and advice from the opportunities for their participation, which is one of the Council’s CNMI lunar calendar committees (Chamorro: Adolfo S. Calvo, seven Guiding Principles. Anicet H. Mundo, Estanislao M. Taisacan; and Reafaluwasch: The moon phases in this calendar are for Saipan as calculated Lino Olopai and Cecilio Raiukiulipiy). by the HM Nautical Almanac (astro.ukho.gov.uk/websurf). This 2019 Eskaleran Pulan Chamorro/2019 Refaluwasch Pápáál The tide charts with moon rise and set times are in Chamorro Maram highlights traditional fishing practices of the Chamorro and time for Saipan and were provided by OceanFun Publshing, NZ. Refaluwasch, the indigenous people of the Mariana Archipelago. Front cover photo: Sheela Saraff, who participated in the Chamorro and Refaluwasch, along with English, are the official Council-sponsored Fisheries and Marine Science High School languages of the CNMI. The calendar provides traditional fishing Summer Course, with the mafute’ (emperor fish) she caught information for a different species each month, highlighting outside the reef. Photo by Jack Ogumoro. methods, gears, seasons and legends. The Chamorro names ‹› Umagahaf Tu mu r January 7–February 5, 2019 Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw January

R 07:26 R 08:12 R 08:55 R 09:36 R 10:15 R 10:52 R 11:30 R 12:08 S 00:41 S 01:31 78S 19:01 S 19:51 9 S 20:41 10 S 21:29 11 S 22:17 12 S 23:04 13 S 23:52 14 15 R 12:47 16 R 13:30 MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 02:25 S 03:23 S 04:24 S 05:27 S 06:29 S 07:29 S 08:25 S 09:17 S 10:05 S 10:50 17 R 14:17 18 R 15:09 19 R 16:06 20 R 17:09 21 R 18:14 22 R 19:20 23 R 20:24 24 R 21:25 25 R 22:23 26 R 23:19 THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Efeng Ascaif Arosan Efnágh February

S 11:33 R 00:13 R 01:06 R 01:59 R 02:52 R 03:43 R 04:34 R 05:23 R 06:09 R 06:53 27 28 S 12:16 29 S 12:59 30 S 13:44 31123S 14:30 S 15:18 S 16:07 S 16:56 4 S 17:46 5 S 18:36 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 In the old days, people caught botague/sapór (dorado, dolphinfish, mahimahi) and other pelagic fish by tying together coconut palms or bamboo rafts and deploying them outside the reef where it was not too deep to be anchored. These floating objects were anchored so they wouldn’t float away with the wind or current. After several days the fishermen would fish around these objects to catch mahimahi or other pelagic fishes using spears and gaffs. The deployment of these floating objects outside the reefs is similar to the modern day fish aggregation devices (FADs), which attract small fish which in turn attract larger fish for the fishermen to catch. Pictured above Capt. Carl Reyes of Podre de Familia and crew display their winning catch during the Mahimahi Derby. PHOTO BY JACK OGUMORO. ‹› Tu mai gu i ni Méél February 6– March 7, 2019

Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw February

R 07:35 R 08:14 R 08:52 R 09:29 R 10:07 R 10:45 R 11:25 S 00:16 S 01:09 S 02:07 678S 19:25 S 20:13 S 21:01 9 S 21:48 10 S 22:36 11 S 23:25 12 13 R 12:09 14 R 12:57 15 R 13:49 WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 03:07 S 04:08 S 05:08 S 06:06 S 07:01 S 07:52 S 08:39 S 09:25 S 10:10 S 10:55 16 R 14:47 17 R 15:50 18 R 16:55 19 R 18:00 20 R 19:04 21 R 20:06 22 R 21:05 23 R 22:02 24 R 22:58 25 R 23:53 SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Efeng Ascaif Arosan Efnágh March

S 11:40 R 00:46 R 01:39 R 02:30 R 03:20 R 04:07 R 04:52 R 05:34 R 06:14 R 06:52 26 27 S 12:27 28123456S 13:14 S 14:03 S 14:53 S 15:43 S 16:32 S 17:21 S 18:09 7 S 18:57 TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1

Mahimahi are curious fish, which make them vulnerable because they seek food at moving or stationary objects in the water. Sisi’ok/Sara (squirrelfish) is used for medicinal and ceremonial purposes. It is used to heal people who became ill from swimming or canoe sailing across the ocean. People are served it during the last day of the healing process, which usually takes a week or two to complete. The fish is caught using fishing line, fish trap or spear. The fish is available year round, and harvesting it is best during low tide because the fish lives in deep waters. Pictured are squirrel fish from the Northern Islands. PHOTO BY JACK OGUMORO. ‹› Maimo Máilap March 8–April 5, 2019 Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw March

R 07:30 R 08:07 R 08:45 R 09:24 R 10:06 R 10:52 R 11:41 S 00:54 S 01:54 S 02:53 8 S 19:45 9 S 20:33 10 S 21:22 11 S 22:12 12 S 23:04 13 S 23:58 14 15 R 12:35 16 R 13:34 17 R 14:35 FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 03:50 S 04:45 S 05:36 S 06:25 S 07:13 S 07:59 S 08:45 S 09:31 S 10:19 S 11:07 18 R 15:39 19 R 16:42 20 R 17:44 21 R 18:45 22 R 19:44 23 R 20:42 24 R 21:39 25 R 22:35 26 R 23:30 27 MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Ascaif Arosan Efnágh April

R 00:24 R 01:15 R 02:03 R 02:49 R 03:32 R 04:13 R 04:52 R 05:30 R 06:07 28 S 11:57 29 S 12:47 30 S 13:37 311234S 14:27 S 15:16 S 16:05 S 16:52 S 17:40 5 S 18:28 THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Perhaps the most respected sea animal in the ocean, haggan/wong (green sea turtles) are harvested for ceremonial and medicinal purposes. Turtle meat is also a delicacy and traditionally known as good for curing asthma, epilepsy and low blood pressure. Turtle eggs are said to increase young mother’s milk and keep babies strong and healthy. Turtle shells are used for traditional attire such as beads, bracelets and belts worn by high clans and navigators. They also provide protection from bad spirits. Pictured is Felix Sasamoto explaining about green sea turtles during the annual Saipan International Fishing Tournament. PHOTO BY JACK OGUMORO. ‹› Umatalaf Séétá April 6– May 5, 2019

Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw April

R 06:45 R 07:24 R 08:05 R 08:50 R 09:38 R 10:30 R 11:26 S 00:44 S 01:42 S 02:36 678S 19:18 S 20:08 S 21:00 9 S 21:54 10 S 22:50 11 S 23:47 12 13 R 12:25 14 R 13:26 15 R 14:27 SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 03:27 S 04:15 S 05:02 S 05:47 S 06:33 S 07:19 S 08:07 S 08:56 S 09:47 S 10:38 16 R 15:28 17 R 16:28 18 R 17:26 19 R 18:25 20 R 19:22 21 R 20:20 22 R 21:17 23 R 22:12 24 R 23:06 25 R 23:57 TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Efeng Ascaif Arosan Efnágh May

S 11:30 R 00:44 R 01:29 R 02:10 R 02:50 R 03:28 R 04:05 R 04:43 R 05:21 R 06:02 26 27 S 12:20 28 S 13:10 29 S 13:59 301234S 14:46 S 15:34 S 16:22 S 17:11 S 18:01 5 S 18:54 FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Turtles in the CNMI usually mate in March and April and from May to July. Then in October and November, the females go on land to lay their eggs. Mahongang/Yuur (lobsters) are traditionally caught during the full moon from May to June. They’re caught using green coconut leaves, which float on the water and attract the lobsters. A cultural aspect of this delicacy is that when one wants to learn something from the elders, he or she would use this technique to catch lobsters to share with the person from whom they wished to gain knowledge. After the lobster is cooked and shared, the lesson will begin. Pictured is the CNMI Division of Fish and Wildlife measuring confiscated lobsters. ‹› Lumuhu Naa May 6–June 3, 2019 Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw May

R 06:46 R 07:34 R 08:26 R 09:21 R 10:20 R 11:20 S 00:31 S 01:23 S 02:11 S 02:57 678S 19:48 S 20:45 S 21:43 9 S 22:41 10 S 23:37 11 12 R 12:21 13 R 13:20 14 R 14:18 15 R 15:15 MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 03:41 S 04:25 S 05:10 S 05:57 S 06:45 S 07:36 S 08:27 S 09:19 S 10:11 S 11:02 16 R 16:12 17 R 17:09 18 R 18:06 19 R 19:02 20 R 19:59 21 R 20:54 22 R 21:47 23 R 22:37 24 R 23:23 25 THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Ascaif Arosan Efnágh June

R 00:07 R 00:47 R 01:25 R 02:02 R 02:39 R 03:17 R 03:57 R 04:40 R 05:26 26 S 11:51 27 S 12:39 28 S 13:27 29 S 14:14 30 S 15:02 3112S 15:51 S 16:43 S 17:37 3 S 18:35 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Gádao/Saiyaw (grouper) is caught for chiefs when they have ceremonies to welcome new chiefs. The ceremony is usually held during calm season in the summer and at full moon. The fish is usually big, with some weighing more than 500 pounds. Only chiefs and the elders are allowed to eat this fish. If the fish is smaller, it is shared with the people in the communities. The fish is prepared in many ways, depending on one’s preference.

PHOTO OF MOON COURTESY OF RICHARD GOH.

PHOTO COURTESY OF JAMES BORJA ‹› Makmamao Ghúúw June 4–July 3, 2019

Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw June

R 06:17 R 07:13 R 08:12 R 09:13 R 10:15 R 11:15 S 00:10 S 00:56 S 01:40 S 02:23 45678S 19:33 S 20:33 S 21:31 S 22:28 S 23:20 9 10 R 12:14 11 R 13:10 12 R 14:06 13 R 15:01 TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 03:06 S 03:51 S 04:38 S 05:27 S 06:17 S 07:10 S 08:02 S 08:53 S 09:44 S 10:32 14 R 15:57 15 R 16:52 16 R 17:48 17 R 18:44 18 R 19:38 19 R 20:29 20 R 21:17 21 R 22:02 22 R 22:43 23 R 23:23 FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Efeng Ascaif Arosan Efnágh July

S 11:20 S 12:07 R 00:36 R 01:13 R 01:51 R 02:32 R 03:16 R 04:05 R 04:59 R 05:58 24 R 00:00 25 26 S 12:54 27 S 13:42 28 S 14:32 29 S 15:24 3012S 16:20 S 17:18 S 18:19 3 S 19:19 MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Tarakitu/Etam (trevally) is culturally important for its role during the seasonal runs for goatfish and rabbitfish. The fish is known for chasing these juvenile fishes to shore where fishermen catch them with throw nets. Because of this role, the people usually do not catch them during April to July or when these juvenile fishes make their runs. Those who disobeyed this rule would get scolded, especially by the talayeros (throw-net fishermen) who catch these juvenile fishes along the beach. Pictured is Richard Ogumoro with a big trevally caught in the Northern Islands. PHOTO BY JACK OGUMORO. ‹› Mananaf Uul July 4–August 1, 2019 Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw July

R 07:00 R 08:03 R 09:06 R 10:07 R 11:06 R 12:02 S 00:23 S 01:06 S 01:50 S 02:35 45678S 20:18 S 21:13 S 22:05 S 22:54 S 23:39 9 10 R 12:57 11 R 13:52 12 R 14:47 13 R 15:42 THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 03:22 S 04:12 S 05:03 S 05:55 S 06:46 S 07:37 S 08:26 S 09:14 S 10:01 S 10:48 14 R 16:37 15 R 17:31 16 R 18:22 17 R 19:12 18 R 19:58 19 R 20:40 20 R 21:20 21 R 21:58 22 R 22:35 23 R 23:11 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Ascaif Arosan Efnágh August

S 11:35 S 12:23 R 00:26 R 01:08 R 01:53 R 02:44 R 03:40 R 04:40 R 05:44 24 R 23:48 25 26 S 13:13 27 S 14:06 28 S 15:02 29 S 16:01 30 S 17:02 31 S 18:02 1 S 18:59 WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Hachuman/Payúr (mackerel scad) is a tasty fish to eat, be it fried, boiled or pickled. It is caught using a poiu (fishing stone). The poiu is made of a spherical sinker of limestone that has been smoothed into the shape of an egg and bored with holes. On top of it, an inverted half coconut shell about the same size or slightly smaller than the limestone is attached with cordage. The coconut half is filled with mashed or ground meat of young coconut, similar to chum, to attract the fish. The device is tied with a longer cord about 50 or 60 feet in length so it can be lowered into deeper water to feed the fish. The poiu is first placed on the sea bed and then moved closer to the surface over a period of about a month. The fish are eventually caught with a scoop net when they reach the surface. NOAA PHOTO BY LT. CMDR. ERIC JOHNSON ‹› Semo Elúyél August 2–30, 2019 Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw August

R 06:49 R 07:53 R 08:55 R 09:54 R 10:51 R 11:47 R 12:43 S 00:33 S 01:20 S 02:09 2345678S 19:54 S 20:46 S 21:34 S 22:20 S 23:04 S 23:48 9 R 13:38 10 R 14:33 11 R 15:26 FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 02:59 S 03:50 S 04:41 S 05:32 S 06:22 S 07:10 S 07:58 S 08:44 S 09:31 S 10:18 12 R 16:18 13 R 17:08 14 R 17:55 15 R 18:38 16 R 19:19 17 R 19:58 18 R 20:34 19 R 21:11 20 R 21:47 21 R 22:24 MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Ascaif Arosan Efnágh

S 11:06 S 11:57 S 12:50 R 00:33 R 01:25 R 02:22 R 03:23 R 04:27 R 05:32 22 R 23:03 23 R 23:46 24 25 S 13:46 26 S 14:44 27 S 15:44 28 S 16:43 29 S 17:39 30 S 18:33 THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Tiáo/Wischigh (goatfish) is a fish that is culturally harvested throughout its life cycle both as a juvenile and an adult. It is harvested by nets, gigao (traps) and spear. During its juvenile run, people go to the beaches with cast nets and pole and line to catch them. The best time to catch this juvenile fish are from April to July. Tiáo is deep fried or prepared as anestukun (salt pickle) or kelaguin (similar to ceviche). Pictured is a young talayero with his catch during the Marianas Fishing and Seafood Festival. PHOTO BY JACK OGUMORO. ‹› Te n h os Maal August 31–September 29, 2019

Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw August September

R 06:36 R 07:38 R 08:38 R 09:37 R 10:34 R 11:31 R 12:27 S 00:05 S 00:55 S 01:46 3112345678S 19:22 S 20:10 S 20:57 S 21:42 S 22:29 S 23:16 R 13:22 R 14:15 9 R 15:06 SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 02:38 S 03:29 S 04:19 S 05:07 S 05:55 S 06:42 S 07:28 S 08:15 S 09:03 S 09:52 10 R 15:53 11 R 16:37 12 R 17:19 13 R 17:58 14 R 18:35 15 R 19:11 16 R 19:47 17 R 20:24 18 R 21:02 19 R 21:43 TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Efeng Ascaif Arosan Efnágh

S 10:44 S 11:38 S 12:34 R 00:10 R 01:07 R 02:08 R 03:11 R 04:14 R 05:17 R 06:18 20 R 22:28 21 R 23:16 22 23 S 13:31 24 S 14:28 25 S 15:24 26 S 16:18 27 S 17:09 28 S 17:57 29 S 18:44 FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Atulai/Peti (bigeye scad) is a seasonal run fish which usually swims in schools when they visit the islands or as they make their way south, passing Saipan on their way to the islands of Tinian, Rota and Guam, the southernmost island in the Mariana Archipelago. In the old days these fish would come into the lagoon and stay for up to three months. Fishermen would use chenchulu (a traditional surround net) to catch them for subsistence purposes. The catch would then be distributed to the people in the community. Today, with so many activities occurring inside Saipan’s lagoon, the atulai hardly come in the lagoon anymore. Fishermen catch them outside the reef using pole and line during their seasonal runs. Human activities and pollution from men and nature are exacerbating the demise of this cultural fishing practice. Pictured are Tanapag fishermen demonstrating the use of chenchulu.

PHOTO COURTESY OF CNMI DIVISION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE. ‹› Lumamlam Itch September 30–October 28, 2019 Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw September October

R 07:19 R 08:19 R 09:18 R 10:17 R 11:14 R 12:09 R 13:01 S 00:33 S 01:24 S 02:15 3012345678S 19:31 S 20:18 S 21:07 S 21:56 S 22:48 S 23:40 R 13:50 R 14:36 9 R 15:18 MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 03:04 S 03:52 S 04:39 S 05:25 S 06:12 S 07:00 S 07:49 S 08:40 S 09:34 S 10:29 10 R 15:58 11 R 16:35 12 R 17:12 13 R 17:48 14 R 18:24 15 R 19:02 16 R 19:43 17 R 20:26 18 R 21:13 19 R 22:04 THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Ascaif Arosan Efnágh

S 11:25 S 12:21 S 13:16 R 00:58 R 01:59 R 02:59 R 03:59 R 04:59 R 05:59 20 R 22:59 21 R 23:58 22 23 S 14:08 24 S 14:58 25 S 15:46 26 S 16:33 27 S 17:19 28 S 18:06 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Buri’/Fofo (rainbow runner) is caught using shark meat for bait. Sometimes the entire shark carcass is tied below the boat. The fishermen would also squeeze the shark liver, as its juice attracts the fish. The best time to catch rainbow runner is between October and February when the water is choppy or rough. Mothers who just gave birth would usually eat buri’/fofo for at least four days so she and the baby would be strong and healthy. Pictured are rainbow runner from the Northern Islands. PHOTO BY JACK OGUMORO. ‹› Sarobwél Fanggua l o’ October 29–November 27, 2019

Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw October November

R 06:59 R 07:59 R 08:59 R 09:57 R 10:52 R 11:44 R 12:32 S 00:08 S 00:59 S 01:47 29 S 18:53 30 S 19:43 31123456S 20:35 S 21:29 S 22:23 S 23:16 R 13:16 R 13:56 7 R 14:35 TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 02:34 S 03:21 S 04:07 S 04:55 S 05:44 S 06:35 S 07:29 S 08:24 S 09:21 S 10:17 8 R 15:11 9 R 15:47 10 R 16:23 11 R 17:01 12 R 17:41 13 R 18:23 14 R 19:10 15 R 20:00 16 R 20:55 17 R 21:53 FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Efeng Ascaif Arosan Efnágh

S 11:12 S 12:05 S 12:54 R 00:50 R 01:48 R 02:46 R 03:44 R 04:42 R 05:41 R 06:41 18 R 22:52 19 R 23:51 20 21 S 13:41 22 S 14:26 23 S 15:11 24 S 15:56 25 S 16:42 26 S 17:30 27 S 18:21 MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Palakse’/Oscha (parrotfish) is caught year round using pole and line with hermit crab for bait. The fish is given to children and elders or senior citizens because of its soft meat. The fish liver when cooked in young coconut milk, especially over an open fire, is also a healthy and delicious form of baby food. Pictured are spear fishermen with their catch during the Marianas Fishing and Seafood Festival. PHOTO BY JACK OGUMORO. Sumongsong ‹› Oromoi November 28–December 26, 2019 Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw November December

R 07:40 R 08:38 R 09:33 R 10:24 R 11:10 R 11:53 R 12:32 S 00:28 S 01:14 S 02:00 28 S 19:14 29 S 20:09 30123456S 21:04 S 21:58 S 22:50 S 23:41 R 13:09 R 13:45 7 R 14:21 THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 02:47 S 03:36 S 04:26 S 05:19 S 06:14 S 07:12 S 08:10 S 09:07 S 10:02 S 10:53 8 R 14:58 9 R 15:36 10 R 16:18 11 R 17:03 12 R 17:53 13 R 18:47 14 R 19:45 15 R 20:45 16 R 21:46 17 R 22:45 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Ascaif Arosan Efnágh

S 11:40 S 12:26 R 00:40 R 01:36 R 02:33 R 03:30 R 04:28 R 05:26 R 06:24 18 R 23:44 19 20 S 13:09 21 S 13:52 22 S 14:36 23 S 15:22 24 S 16:11 25 S 17:02 26 S 17:56 WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Gåga/Mach (flying fish) is caught on the open ocean using a coconut shell that is tied to a small wooden object having the shape of a boomerang. The wood has a hole in the center for the bait, which is usually coconut meat. A 4-foot piece of string connects the shell and the wooden object, before they are deployed. Once the fish bites and swallows the bait, the wooden object gets stuck in the fish’s mouth and the fish is unable to swim away. This fishing practice has two important lessons: one it allows the young fishermen to begin experiencing fishing far away from land and another is for them to start developing their physical and mental strength to paddle their canoes two to three miles out in the open water before returning home.

NOAA FISHERIES PHOTO BY BERNARDO ALPS ‹› Umayangan Schoow December 27, 2019–January 24, 2020

Sinahi Uno • Sighauru Sinahi Dos • Eling Sinahi Tres • Meseling Mesóól Mesáfúú Mesáwan Mesátiw Emetan Kuåtto Presente Epey Eschúw December January

R 07:20 R 08:13 R 09:02 R 09:47 R 10:28 R 11:06 R 11:43 R 12:18 S 00:41 S 01:26 27 S 18:51 28 S 19:46 29 S 20:39 30 S 21:31 311234S 22:21 S 23:09 S 23:55 R 12:54 5 R 13:31 FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Arobwoghúw Olobwuwey Olomwaay Gualåfon Umang Gualåfon • Úúr Henemhon Uno Henemhom Dos Henemhon Tres • Ara Sópásch Arosa Emmasch Letiw Ghiney

S 02:15 S 03:06 S 04:00 S 04:57 S 05:56 S 06:55 S 07:52 S 08:46 S 09:37 S 10:24 678R 14:10 R 14:53 R 15:41 9 R 16:33 10 R 17:31 11 R 18:32 12 R 19:34 13 R 20:36 14 R 21:37 15 R 22:35 MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Kuåtto Menguante Sópásch Me Emwiir Osáláng Emwalú Schomwan Fán Afánágh Hinecog • Arofú Eyú Ascaif Arosan Efnágh

S 11:09 S 11:52 R 00:29 R 01:25 R 02:21 R 03:18 R 04:15 R 05:11 R 06:05 16 R 23:32 17 18 S 12:36 19 S 13:20 20 S 14:07 21 S 14:56 22 S 15:48 23 S 16:42 24 S 17:36 THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 About the Council The Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council was established by Congress in 1976 to manage fisheries in the offshore waters surrounding Guam, the commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, Hawaii and the US Pacific remote island areas. The fisheries in Tanapag fishermen preparing to go chenchulu federal waters surrounding CNMI fishing. PHOTO BY JACK OGUMORO. are managed under the Mariana Archipelago and Pacific Pelagic Fishery Ecosystem Plans. Traditional knowledge and wide community involvement are integral parts of the ecosystem-based approach to fishery management. CNMI Contacts Council Vice Chair John Gourley Chenchulu fishermen showing off their mafute' Phone: (670) 322-7289 catch. PHOTO BY MIKE TENORIO. Email: [email protected] Antonio Magofna shows participants of the Council-sponsored Fisheries and Marine Science High School Summer Course how to use throw net. PHOTO BY JACK OGUMORO. Council Member Ray Roberto CNMI Department of Land and Natural Resources FISHERMEN CODE OF CONDUCT Kodigun Konduktun Peskadot Allégh me Mwóghutughut Sóu liyap Phone: (670) 322-9834 Email: [email protected] 1. RESPECT NATURE and your place in it. 4. DO NOT WASTE. Take only what is needed. 8. PICK UP YOUR TRASH. RISPETA I NATURE yan i sanhalum na lugåt-mu. MUNGNGA MUNA’LÅSTIMA. Chuli’ atyu ha’ HOKKA I BASULÅ-MU. Awóóy alúllúl falúw me sáát me igha U lo iye. i håfa un nisista. Úrúghúló peipeyúmw. Óutte soolap. Bwughi schagh mille U bwe yááyá. 2. SEEK ADVICE of experts with generational 9. SHARE YOUR CATCH. knowledge of the local resources. 5. KEEP SAFE people, property and resources. NA’FAÑAGI ni kininne’-mu. ALIGÅO ABISU gi manmåolik gi generational NASÅFU’ I TAOTÅO, propiedåt yan guinaha siha. Áileti ló liyappómw. knowledge gi guinahan tånu’. Amwaala ghatchúúr aramas, falúw me Mwuuri sángiir me schókka re repiya meeta óutol schowaarasch. Chamorro translation by Siñora Bernie Sablan faluwasch, iye yaasch bwe ammweleesch. Trinanslåda as: Siñora Bernie Sablan 6. OBEY fishing laws and rules. Western Pacific Regional Fishery 3. SHOW REGARD to spawning seasons and OSGI i lai yan I areklamentun pumeska siha. Refaluwasch translation by Esther S. Seman. Management Council juvenile fish. Attabweey mwóghutughutúl allégh. Selátiyal: Esther S. Seman. 1164 Bishop Street, Suite 1400 NA’ANNUK REGARD gi para tiempun manmañåda’ Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 7. USE PROPER gear and techniques. yan i nuebu nai manmafañågu na guihan. Phone: (808) 522-8220 USA I PROPIU na ramenta yan manera siha. Fax: (808) 522-8226 Sibwe ascheleghil rel yaal ghúúllong tiillil iigh. Yááyá schowaar kka e fill. Email: [email protected] Web: www.wpcouncil.org

ISBN 978-1-944827-32-8