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Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 1999 Iei Eorpi N Elhsre 1999 Survey Health and Demographic Nigeria

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Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 1999 Iei Eorpi N Elhsre 1999 Survey Health and Demographic Nigeria Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 1999 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 1999 National Population Commission Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 1999 National Population Commission Abuja, Nigeria December 2000 National Population Commission United Nations Population Fund U.S. Agency for International Development This report presents results from the 1999 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) which was undertaken by the National Population Commission. Financial assistance for the survey was provided by the the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). ORC/Macro provided limited technical support in data processing, analysis, and report writing after the data were collected. Additional information about the NDHS may be obtained from the main office of the National Population Commission, Lukazlu Street, Wuse Zone 3, Private Mall Bag 0281, Abuja (09-523-0773 or 09- 523-1026). Recommended citation: National Population Commission [Nigeria]. 2000. Nigeria Demographic andHealth Survey 1999. Calverton, Maryland: National Population Commission and ORC/Macro. CONTENTS Page Tables ......................................................................... vii Figures ........................................................................ xi Foreword ...................................................................... xili Acknowledgments ................................................................ xv Executive Summary .............................................................. xvli Map of Nigeria ................................................................. xxii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 1 1.1 Geography, History, and Economy ....................................... 1 1.2 Population ......................................................... 2 1.3 Population and Health Policies and Programmes ............................. 3 1.4 Objectives, Organisation and Design of the NDHS ........................... 5 1.5 Sample Design and Implementation ...................................... 6 CHAPTER 2 CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND RESPONDENTS ......... 11 2.1 Characteristics of the Household Population ............................... 11 2.2 Household Facilities ................................................. 19 2.3 Characteristics of Survey Respondents ................................... 21 CHAPTER 3 FERTILITY ...................................................... 35 3.1 Introduction ....................................................... 35 3.2 Current Fertility Levels .............................................. 35 3.3 Fertility Differentials ................................................ 36 3.4 Fertility Trends .................................................... 37 3.5 Children Ever Born ................................................. 39 3.6 Birth Intervals ..................................................... 40 3.7 Age at First Birth .................................................. 41 3.8 Teenage Pregnancy and Motherhood ..................................... 43 CHAPTER 4 FERTILITY REGULATION ........................................ 45 4.1 Knowledge of Contraceptive Methods .................................... 45 4.2 Ever Use of Family Planning Methods ................................... 48 4.3 Current Use of Family Planning Methods ................................. 51 4.4 Number of Children at First Use of Family Planning Methods .................. 57 4.5 Knowledge of the Fertile Period ........................................ 58 4.6 Conlr aceptive Effect of Breastfeeding ................................... 58 4.7 Sources of Family Planning Methods .................................... 59 iii Page 4.8 Intention to Use Family Planning Among Non-Users ......................... 61 4.9 Reasons For Nonuse ................................................. 61 4.10 Preferred Method of Contraception for Future Use .......................... 62 4.11 Exposure to Family Planning Messages in Electronic Media ................... 63 4.12 Acceptability of Media Messages on Family Planning ........................ 65 4.13 Exposure to Family Planning Messages through the Print Media ............... 65 4.14 Contact of Nonusers with FamilyPlanning Providers ........................ 67 4.15 Couples' Communication and Attitudes Towards Family Planning Use ........... 68 CHAPTER 5 OTHER PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS OF FERTILITY ............... 73 5.1 Introduction ....................................................... 73 5.2 Current Marital Status ............................................... 73 5.3 Polygyny ......................................................... 74 5.5 Age at First Marriage ................................................. 76 5.6 Age at First Sexual Intercourse ......................................... 78 5.7 Recent Sexual Activity ............................................... 81 5.8 Postpartum Amenorrhoea, Abstinence, and Insusceptibility .................... 83 5.9 Termination of Exposure to Pregnancy ................................... 86 CHAPTER 6 FERTILITY PREFERENCES ....................................... 87 6.1 Desire for More Children ............................................. 87 6.2 Need for Family Planning Services ...................................... 92 6.3 Ideal Family Size ................................................... 94 6.4 Planning Status of Births ............................................. 97 CHAPTER 7 INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY ................................. 99 7.1 Introduction ....................................................... 99 7.2 Assessment of Data Quality ........................................... 99 7.3 Levels of Childhood Mortality ........................................ 100 7.4 Socioeconomic Differentials .......................................... 100 7.5 Demographic Differentials ........................................... 101 7.6 High-Risk Fertility Behaviour ......................................... 102 CHAPTER 8 MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH ................................ 105 8.1 Antenatal Care .................................................... 105 8.2 Delivery Care .................................................... 108 8.3 Maternal Mortality ................................................. 112 8.4 Childhood Vaccination .............................................. 114 8.5 Acute Respiratory Infection and Fever .................................. 116 8.6 Diarrhoea ........................................................ 118 iv Page CHAPTER9 MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION ............................. 123 9.1 Breastfeeding and Supplementation ..................................... 123 9.2 Nutritional Status of Children Under Three ............................... 128 9.3 Nutritional Status of Mothers ......................................... 132 CHAPTER 10 FEMALE GENITAL CUTTING .................................... 135 10.1 Prevalence of Female Genital Cutting ................................... 135 10.2 Age at Circumcision ................................................ 137 10.3 Person Who Performed Circumcision ................................... 137 10.4 Attitudes toward Female Genital Cutting ................................. 138 CHAPTER 11 SEXUAL ACTIVITY AND KNOWLEDGE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES ....................................... 141 11.1 Introduction ...................................................... 141 11.2 Awareness and Knowledge of HIV/AIDS ................................ 141 11.3 Perceptions of the Risk of Getting HIWAIDS ............................. 149 11.4 Behaviour Change ................................................. 152 11.5 Knowledge of Condom Use to Protect against Disease ...................... 154 11.6 Use of Condoms ................................................... 155 11.7 Payment for Sexual Relations ......................................... 156 11.8 Awareness of Sexually Transmitted Diseases ............................. 157 11.9 Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases ............................. 159 CHAPTER 12 AVAILABILITY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES ...................................................... 161 12.1 Introduction ...................................................... 161 12,2 Organisation of Health and Family Planning Services ....................... 161 12.3 Community Char acteristics ........................................... 162 12.4 Distance and Time to Health Services .................................. 163 12.5 Contraceptive Use by Distance to Services ............................... 166 CHAPTER 13 POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF DATA FROM THE NDHS ............... 169 13.1 Introduction ...................................................... 169 13.2 Assessing the Goals of the National Population Policy (NPP .................. 169 REFERENCES ................................................................ 173 APPENDIX A SAMPLE DESIGN ................................................ 177 V Page APPENDIX B ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS .............................. 185 APPENDIX C ANALYSIS OF DATA QUALITY ................................... 199 APPENDIX D PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE 1999 NIGERIA DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY ........................................... 215 APPENDIX E QUESTIONNAIRES .............................................. 225 vi TABLES Page Table 2.1 Household population by age, sex, and residence ...................... 11 Table 2.2 Population by age from selected
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