History of Football History of Football
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History of Football History of Football ● Combination of soccer and rugby ● First game November 6, 1869 between Rutgers and Princeton ● Round ball that couldn’t be picked up or carried ● Kicked or batted with feet, hands, head or side across opponent's goal ● Rutgers won 6-4 ● Rugby rules and scoring was later adopted ● Walter Camp “Father of Football” ○ Reduced players from 15 to 11 ○ Introduced the snap instead of the scrum History of Football ● Game became extremely dangerous with limited equipment ● In 1905 19 people died while playing ● President Theodore Roosevelt abolished the game ● The National Collegiate Athletic Association was formed to alter the rules ● Created the forward pass, 10 yard first down, 4 downs instead of three Professional Football ● First player was paid to play in 1892 ● National Football League was established in 1920 ● American Football League in 1960’s ● Two converged and formed the Super Bowl ● This year is Super Bowl 50 College Football ● 128 teams in College Football Bowl Subdivision ○ Big Ten, SEC, MAC ○ Michigan, Alabama, Ohio University, Kent State ● 125 Football Championship Subdivision ○ North Dakota State, Dayton, Youngstown State ● 171 Division II programs ○ Malone College ● 199 Division III programs ○ Mount Union Ohio High School Football ● Ohio High School Athletic Association ● 723 member schools ● 7 divisions ○ 2 regions in division 1 ○ 4 regions 2-7 ● 32 teams make playoffs in each division ● 224 Total teams make the playoffs ● Championship games are played at Ohio Stadium in Columbus The Field ● Rectangle measuring 120 yards long and 53.55 feet wide ● End Lines, Goal Lines, and Sidelines ● Yards lines identify where you are at on the field ● Hash marks identify every yard ○ Ball is snapped inside of hash marks ● Goalposts are on both teams endlines ● Football is an oval shaped ball ○ Size varies depending on level Rules ● Scoring ○ Team with most points at end of game wins ■ Ties in NFL only ○ Touchdown = 6 points ■ Ball advanced past opponents endzone ○ Point after touchdown = 1 or 2 points ■ Kick ball between uprights = 1 point ■ Two point conversion = 2 points ○ Field Goal = 3 points ■ Can be kicked from anywhere on the field, inside hash marks Rules ● Game lasts 60 minutes ○ 2 30 minute halves ○ Four 15 minute quarters ○ Teams switch ends and play continues after first and third quarter ○ Clock stops after incomplete pass, ball carrier runs out-of-bounds, change of possession, or scoring play ● Game starts with a coin toss ○ Winner picks to either kick, receive, defer to second half, or the end of field QB- Quarterback RB Running Back FB - Fullback WR - Wide Receiver TE - Tight End LT/RT - Tackle LG/RG - Guard C - Center Offense ● Team with possession of the ball ● Starts a play by snapping the ball ● Trying to advance the ball past opponents goal line ○ Running or Passing ● Only one forward pass per play ○ Must be thrown from behind the line of scrimmage ● Unlimited backwards passes Offense ● Team gets four plays (downs) to advance 10 yards ○ If successful the offense gets another 4 downs ● If team has not gotten 10 yards in their first 3 plays, often will either punt or attempt to kick a field goal ● If offense doesn’t make 10 yards in 4 downs, the defense gets the ball ● If watching on TV the offense must get to the yellow line DE - Defensive End DT - Defensive Tackle MLB - Middle Linebacker OLB - Outside Linebacker CB - Cornerback SS - Strong Safety FS- Free Safety Defense ● Prevent the offense from scoring ○ Tackling the ball carrier ○ Forcing turnover ■ Interception or fumble ● Defensive Line ○ Stop running plays and pressure the quarterback ● Linebackers ○ Leaders of the defense responsible for run, pass, and pressuring quarterback ● Secondary ○ Prevents the offense from completing a pass Special Teams ● Kicking Plays ○ Field Goals, Punts, and Kickoffs ● Kicker (K) ○ Kicks field goals ● Holder (H) ○ Holds the ball in place for kicker to kick ● Long Snapper (LS) ○ Snaps the ball to the holder ● Punter (P) ○ Punts the ball on 4th down Officials ● 3 -7 officials at a game ● Responsible for enforcing rules and monitor the clock ● Stripped white and black shirt ● The referee wears a white hat and announces penalties ● If a penalty occurs offical throws a yellow flag on the ground ● Chain Crew ○ Responsible for moving the chains to monitor first downs Safety ● Full-contact sport ● PLayers are required to wear equipment to help prevent injury ○ Helmet ○ Shoulder pads ○ Thigh pads ○ Knee pads ○ Mouthguards ● Concussion ○ A bruise like injury to the brain caused by brain tissue hitting the skull during a collision Penalty ● A rule violation ● Most result in moving the ball towards the offending team's end zone ○ The distance is dependant on the penalty ■ Delay of the Game - 5 yards ■ Offsides (defense) - 5 yards ■ False Start -(Offense) - 5 yards ■ Holding (Offense) - 10 yards ■ Holding (Defense) - 5 yards and automatic first down ■ Pass Interference (Offense) - 10 yards ■ Pass Interference (Defense) - 15 yards ■ Unsportsmanlike Conduct - 15 yards Players ● Jim Brown ○ Cleveland Browns (1957-1965) ○ Running Back ○ NFL & Lacrosse Hall of Fame ○ Had most touchdowns and yards of any running back when he retired ● Jerry Rice ○ San Francisco 49ers (1985-2000) ○ Wide Receiver ○ Rated #1 Greatest Player of all-time ○ All time leader in receptions, receiving touchdowns, and receiving yards Players ● Peyton Manning ○ “The Sheriff” ○ Indianapolis Colts (1998-2011) ○ Denver Broncos (2012-Present) ○ University of Tennessee ○ Number 1 overall pick in 1998 ○ Super Bowl 41 MVP ○ 5 times NFL Most Valuable Player ○ Threw 55 touchdowns in 2013 ○ Most passing touchdowns thrown by a quarterback Players ● Cam Newton ○ “Superman” ○ Carolina Panther (1998-2011) ○ University of Florida ○ Auburn University ○ National Champion and Heisman winner 2010 ○ Number 1 overall pick in 2011 ○ 2011 NFL Rookie of the Year ○ NFL touchdown leader 2015 ○ Most rushing touchdowns by a quarterback ○ Likely 2015 NFL MVP Teams ● 32 teams ○ National Football League ● 2 Conferences ○ American Football Conference ○ National Football Conference ● 8 divisions ○ AFC East, AFC West, AFC North, AFC South ○ NFC East, NFC West, NFC North, NFC South ● AFC North ○ Cleveland, Baltimore, Cincinnati, Pittsburgh Super Bowl ● Created after merger of AFL and NFL ● Super Bowl I ○ January 15, 1967 ○ Green Bay Packers 35 - Kansas City Chiefs 10 ● Packers won Super Bowl I & II ○ Vince Lombardi was Head Coach ○ Play for Lombardi Trophy ● Steelers and Cowboys have played in 8 Super Bowls ● Browns, Lions, Texans, and Jaguars have never played in the Super Bowl Super Bowl ● Seven teams have repeated as champions ● No team has ever won 3 in a row ● The Buffalo Bills lost 4 in a row (90-93) ● South Florida and New Orleans have hosted 10 Super Bowls each ● Tom Brady and Joe Montana have both won Super Bowl MVP 3 times ● The Denver Broncos are 2-5 in Super Bowls ● The Carolina Panthers are 0-1 in Super Bowls Super Bowl 50 ● Denver Broncos (AFC) vs Carolina Panthers (NFC) ● Levi’s Stadium, Santa Clara, California ● Game Time - 6:30 ● Television - CBS ● Average Ticket Price - $4,861 ● Halftime Show - Coldplay featuring Beyonce’ and and Bruno Mars ● Cost of 30 second commercial = $5 million.