ONTARIO ROAD SAFETY Annual Report 2010 Printed on paper with recycled content. ISSN #0832-8269 (Printed Version) ISSN #1710-2480 (Internet Version) ONTARIO ROAD SAFETY ANNUAL REPORT 2010 This document is available online at: http://www.ontario.ca/orsar If you are seeking information on how to reduce your risk of being in a collision, visit your local DriveTest Centre, or visit the Ministry of Transportation website at ontario. ca/transportation. For all other road safety public education materials please go to the ServiceOntario Publications website at http://www.serviceontario.ca/publications, or call 416-326-5300 or 1-800-668-9938. 1 The Ministry of Transportation’s Official Driver’s Handbook is available online at http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/dandv/driver/handbook. You can also purchase hard- copies at DriveTest Centres, and at various department stores, automotive retail outlets and book stores. For more information on the data in this publication, please contact the Road Safety Policy Office – 416-235-3585.

Produced by: Road Safety Policy Office - Vehicles Safety Policy & Education Branch Ministry of Transportation 1201 Wilson Avenue Building A, Main Floor, Room 212 Toronto, Ontario M3M 1J8

Phone: 416-235-3585 Fax: 416-235-5129

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 CONTENTS

Section Title Page

Foreword 6

1 Overview 18 1a Synopsis 20 1b Health Perspective 21

2 The People 22 2a People in Collisions 24 2b Putting the People in Context 35

3 The Collision 42 2 3a Types of Collisions 44 3b Time and Environment 47 3c Collision Location 50

4 Place of Collision 52 Contents

5 The Vehicle 70 5a Vehicles in Collisions 72 5b Putting the Vehicle in Context 74

6 Special Vehicles 76 6a Motorcycles 77 6b School Vehicles 78 6c Large Trucks 79 6d Off-Road Vehicles 80 6e Motorized Snow Vehicles 81 6f Bicycles 83

7 Conviction, Offence and Suspension Data 84 7a Conviction Data 86 7b Offence Data 87 7c Suspension Data 88

8 Appendix 89 8a Glossary 89 8b Acknowledgements 94

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 TABLES AND FIGURES

Table 1.1 Selected Diagnoses of Motor Vehicle Collision Injuries Hospitalized in Ontario, Fiscal Year 2009/2010 1.2 Selected Surgical Procedures for Motor Vehicle Collision Injuries Hospitalized in Ontario, Fiscal Year 2009/2010

2.1 Category of Involved Person by Severity of Injury in Fatal and Personal Injury Collisions, 2010 2.2 Category of Persons Killed by Age Groups, 2010 2.3 Category of Persons Injured by Age Groups, 2010 2.4 Sex of Driver by Class of Collision, 2010 2.5 Driver Condition by Class of Collision, 2010 2.6 Driver Age by Driver Condition in all Collisions, 2010 2.7 Recorded Occurrence of Driver Condition in Drivers Killed, 2010 2.8 Apparent Driver Action by Class of Collision, 2010 2.9 Seat Belt Usage by Severity of Driver Injury in Fatal and Personal Injury Collisions, 2010 3 2.10 Seat Belt Usage by Severity of Passenger Injury in Fatal and Personal Injury Collisions, 2010 Contents 2.11 Restraint Use for Children (0-4 Years) Killed in Collisions, 2006 – 2010 2.12 Restraint Use for Children (0-4 Years) Involved in Fatal and Personal Injury Collisions by Severity of Injury, 2010 2.13 Pedestrian Condition by Severity of Injury, 2010 2.14 Apparent Pedestrian Action by Severity of Injury, 2010 2.15 Category of Persons Killed and Injured, 1988 – 2010 2.16 Sex of Driver Population by Age Groups, 2010 2.17 Driver Population by Age Groups, 1988 – 2010 2.18 Driver Licence Class by Sex, 2010 2.19 Licensed Drivers, Total Collisions, Persons Killed and Injured, 1931- 2010 2.20 Driver Age Groups – Number Licensed, Collision Involvement and Per Cent Involved in Collisions, 2010

3.1 Class of Collision, 1988 – 2010 3.2 Collision Rate Per One Million Kilometers Traveled, 1988 – 2010 3.3 Motor Vehicles Involved in Collisions Based on Initial Impact, 2010 3.4 Initial Impact Type by Class of Collision, 2010 3.5 Month of Occurrence by Class of Collision, 2010 3.6 Day of Week by Class of Collision, 2010 3.7 Hour of Occurrence by Class of Collision, 2010 3.8 Statutory Holidays, Holiday Weekends – Persons Killed and Injured in Fatal Collisions, 2010 3.9 Light Condition by Class of Collision, 2010 3.10 Visibility by Class of Collision, 2010 3.11 Road Jurisdiction by Class of Collision, 2010

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 3.12 Road Jurisdiction for All Collisions, 2001 – 2010 3.13 Collision Location by Class of Collision, 2010 3.14 Road Surface Condition by Class of Collision, 2010

4.1 Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010

5.1 Vehicles Involved in Collisions by Class of Collision, 2010 5.2 Condition of Vehicle by Class of Collision, 2010 5.3 Model Year of Vehicle by Class of Collision, 2010 5.4 Insurance Status of Vehicle by Class of Collision, 2010 5.5 Vehicle Population by Type of Vehicle, 2010 5.6 Selected Types of Vehicles by Model Year, 2010 5.7 Vehicle Damage Level by Class of Collision, 2010 4 6.1 Motorcyclists Killed and Injured, 2001 – 2010 6.2 Selected Factors Relevant to Fatal Motorcycle Collisions, 2010 6.3 Pupils Transported Daily, Total Number of School Vehicles Involved in Collisions – School Years, 2005/2006 – 2009/2010 Contents 6.4 School Vehicle Type by Nature of Collision, School Year 2009/2010 6.5 Pupil Injury by Collision Event and Vehicle Type, 2009/2010 (Number of Persons) 6.6 Number of Persons Killed in Collisions Involving Large Trucks, 2006 – 2010 6.7 Number of Large Trucks in All Classes of Collisions, 2010 6.8 Registered Trucks, 2010 6.9 Selected Factors Relevant to Fatal Large Truck Collisions, 2010 6.10 Drivers of Off-Road Vehicles Killed and Injured, by Collision Location, 2006 – 2010 6.11a Passengers of Off-Road Vehicles Killed and Injured, by Collision Location, 2006 – 2010 6.11b Pedestrians Killed and Injured by Off-Road Vehicles, by Collision Location, 2006 – 2010 6.12 Registered Off-Road Vehicles, 2006 – 2010 6.13 Selected Factors Relevant to All Off-Road Vehicle Collisions, 2010 6.14 Drivers of Motorized Snow Vehicles Killed and Injured, by Collision Location – Riding Seasons 2005/2006 – 2009/2010 6.15a Passengers of Motorized Snow Vehicles Killed and Injured, by Collision Location – Riding Season 2005/2006 – 2009/2010 6.15b Pedestrians Killed and Injured by Motorized Snow Vehicles, by Collision Location – Riding Season 2005/2006 – 2009/2010 6.16 Registered Motorized Snow Vehicles, 2006 – 2010 6.17 Selected Factors Relevant to All Motorized Snow Vehicle Collisions, Riding Season 2009/2010 6.18 Bicyclists Killed and Injured, 2006 – 2010 6.19 Age of Bicyclists Involved in Collisions by Light Condition, 2010

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 6.20 Selected Factors Relevant to All Bicycle Collisions, 2010

7.1 Summary of Motor Vehicle Related Convictions, 2010 7.2 Motor Vehicle Convictions Related to the Highway Traffic Act, 2010 7.3 Motor Vehicle Convictions Related to the Criminal Code, 2010 7.4 Number of Driver Convictions for Criminal Code of Canada Offences, 2001-2010 7.5 Administrative Driver Licence Suspensions, Monthly Suspensions Issued, 2001 – 2010 7.6 Demerit Point Suspensions by Driver Age, 2010

Figure 1 Total Number of Fatal and Injury Collisions in Ontario, 1988 – 2010 2 Persons Involved in Fatal and Injury Collisions by Severity of Injury, 2010 3 Fatality Rate Per 100 Million Kilometers Traveled in Ontario, 1988 – 2010 5 Vehicle Population by Vehicle Class in Ontario, 2010 5 7 Motor Vehicle Convictions in Ontario by Type, 2010 Contents

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 FOREWORD FOREWORD

Ontario has among the safest roads in North America.

In 2010, there were 0.63 road fatalities per 10,000 licensed drivers. This was the second lowest rate in North America, and marks the 12th consecutive year that Ontario has had the lowest or second-lowest fatality rate among all jurisdictions in North America.

The number of licensed drivers on our roads increased by more than 143,000 to over 9.2 million in 2010, an increase of 1.6 per cent from 2009.

The number of registered vehicles also increased by nearly 123,000 to over 8.5 million in 2010, an increase of 1.5 per cent. 7 There has been a long-term decrease in the number of drinking and driving

fatalities: a 63.6 per cent decline since 1988. Foreword

Recent efforts to reduce fatalities from speed-related collisions in Ontario have resulted in a 23 per cent reduction, from 113 in 2009 to 87 in 2010.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010

What is the Ontario Road Safety Annual Report (ORSAR)?

On average, one person is killed on Ontario’s roads every 15 hours.

Road safety is a priority for the Ontario government. As technology, vehicles, and people’s attitudes evolve over time, so do transportation needs and demands. With shifting economic and demographic factors, new road safety challenges can arise.

ORSAR allows the Ontario government to monitor its progress in improving road safety year-by-year. The report provides valuable data and guides the government as it determines where more effort is required.

ORSAR is used by the Ministry of Transportation, Ontario (MTO) for policy and program analysis and development, road safety research, public education and performance measurement. ORSAR data is also used by road safety and injury prevention organizations, transportation associations, research institutions, police services and other ministries and governments.

To help the government address and meet new challenges, ORSAR provides valuable insights about long-term and emerging trends in Ontario and across other jurisdictions in North America.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 To produce ORSAR, MTO collects data from several different sources, including police services, other ministries, and the Office of the Chief Coroner.

Ontario’s roads consistently rank among the safest in North America. Over the past 12 years, our province has ranked either first or second among all North American jurisdictions. By continuing to work with our road safety partners and monitoring trends captured in ORSAR, Ontario can continue to develop new and innovative road safety strategies that will help save lives and keep Ontario’s roads among the safest in the world.

Key Road Safety Findings for Ontario in 2010

For more than 20 years, Ontario has measured road safety by calculating the number of collision- related fatalities for every 10,000 licensed drivers.

8 In Ontario, the fatality rate per 10,000 licensed drivers in 2010 was 0.63 – one of the lowest ever recorded. The actual number of fatalities was 579. This is the second-lowest number of fatalities since 1944.

The fatality rate places Ontario second in all of North America in the number of road fatalities. Ontario

Foreword has now ranked first or second for 12 years in a row.

Road Safety in Ontario: 2009 vs 2010

Category 2009 2010 Number of Fatalities 564 579 Number of Injuries 62,562 64,514 Fatality Rate per 10,000 Licensed Drivers 0.62 0.63 Injury Rate per 10,000 Licensed Drivers 68.7 69.8

Road Safety in Ontario: Significant Progress Since 2001

Category 2001 2010 Change % Change Number of Fatalities 845 579 (266) (31.5) Number of Injuries 81,782 64,514 (17,268) (21.1) Fatality Rate per 10,000 Licensed Drivers 1.02 0.63 (0.39) (38.2) Injury Rate per 10,000 Licensed Drivers 98.9 69.8 (29.1) (29.4)

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Top Priority Road Safety Issues

Road safety is a challenge that requires commitment to build on our efforts year after year. We can take pride in milestone achievements, but keep in mind that they are milestones – the challenge is always to do more, to save more lives.

In recent years, the Ontario government has led the way by working with many road safety partners, including police, public health and safety organizations in the public, corporate and not-for-profit sectors. With support from these partners, Ontario has developed and introduced numerous pieces of legislation aimed at making our roads safer each year.

Recent legislation and new measures include:

n street racing / stunt driving legislation n blood Alcohol Content (BAC) warn range sanctions / reduced suspension n zero BAC for drivers 21 and under n distracted driving legislation n speed limiters for large trucks 9 n expanded vehicle impoundment program

n increased penalties for infractions Foreword n a made-in-Ontario cycling strategy

ORSAR 2010 indicates that our legislation, combined with strong enforcement and education, is achieving positive results. A quick look at some key statistics underlines this continuing success.

Drinking and Driving

Ontario’s drinking and driving fatality rate was 0.17 per 10,000 licensed drivers – a reduction of 76 per cent from 0.72 in 1988. The actual number of drinking and driving fatalities was 160 in 2010.

Speeding / Street Racing / Aggressive Driving

The number of people killed in Ontario in speed-related collisions dropped from 113 in 2009 to 87 in 2010 – a reduction of 23 per cent.

Street racers and other drivers who put other road users at risk by driving aggressively now face roadside vehicle impoundment and licence suspensions, and upon conviction face a fine of up to $10,000, a jail term of up to six months, and prolonged licence suspensions.

Senior Drivers’ Fatalities

Fatalities among senior drivers age 80 and over increased from 21 in 2009 to 24 in 2010.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Large Truck Fatalities

Ontario has some of the most stringent truck safety laws in North America.

There were 109 fatalities in collisions involving large trucks in 2010, an increase from 99 in 2009.

Despite the increase in fatalities, none of the 112 large trucks involved in fatal crashes was found to have safety defects that might have contributed to the crash.

Seat Belts

In 2010, 100 vehicle occupants were killed while not wearing a seat belt — up from 88 in 2009.

Vulnerable Road Users 10 The number of motorcycle rider fatalities increased to 47 from 39 in 2009. Pedestrian fatalities decreased to 95 from 114 in 2009.

Bicycling fatalities increased to 18 from 13 in 2009. Foreword

Ontario’s Progress: Road Safety Vision 2010

The Canadian Council of Motor Transport Administrators Road Safety Vision 2010 is a national effort that aims to make Canada’s roads the safest in the world. Its road safety targets were officially endorsed by all ministers responsible for transportation and highway safety in 2000. The Vision provides Canada’s road safety community with benchmarks to help develop new strategies and measure intervention efforts.

The national target set by Road Safety Vision 2010 was a 30-per-cent decrease in the average number of road fatalities or serious injuries during the 2008-10 period compared to the baseline period of 1996-2001.

Ontario achieved a 32 per cent reduction in fatalities and a 40 per cent reduction in serious injuries during the 2008-2010 period.

Road Safety: Ontario Progress on Targets set by Road Safety Vision Categories Baseline Average Target 2008 2009 2010 2008-2010 Average

Fatalities 874 612 631 564 579 591 Serious Injuries 4,507 3,115 2,942 2,603 2,558 2,701

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Looking Ahead: Next Steps

For 12 years in a row, Ontario has ranked first or second in North America as the jurisdiction with the lowest number of road fatalities per 10,000 licensed drivers. The province has also achieved target reductions in fatalities and serious injuries, despite annual increases in the number of licensed drivers.

Road safety is a challenge that evolves with growing populations, new technologies and urban and rural development. The future brings with it new priorities that we are committed to address. These include:

n drug-impaired driving n sharing the road with vulnerable road users, such as pedestrians and cyclists n senior drivers and driver fitness in light of an aging population and health issues n all-terrain vehicle safety 11 Foreword

New approaches to improving road safety could include:

n automated speed enforcement n encouraging and enabling a greater use of technology n incentive programs such as reduced penalties for drivers who take part in monitoring/ remediation programs

Social marketing has been an important means to educate the public and help save lives. It aims to change behaviours and change attitudes, to promote safety awareness and make our streets safer.

Studies show road safety marketing campaigns result in a 12 per cent reduction in collisions. Ontario aims to be among the many jurisdictions that emphasize proactive, preventative measures, particularly education and awareness initiatives that reduce risky driving behaviour.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Conclusion

The statistics confirm that Ontario is a world leader in road safety.

ORSAR 2010 shows that our efforts have been paying off, and many milestones have been achieved. As we review the findings of this year’s report, we will continue to work with our partners to achieve more milestones, and save more lives. There is room for improvement, and we pledge to be vigilant in facing the challenges ahead.

12 Key Road Safety Statistical Trends Number of Fatalities and Licensed Drivers, 1980–2010

1600 10 85% increase in licensed drivers since 1980 9

Foreword 1400 8 1200 7 1000 6

800 5

Fatalities 4 600 62% decrease in fatalities since 1980 3

400 Licensed Drivers (millions) 2 200 1

0 0 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year

Fatalities Licensed Drivers

Between 1980 and 2010, the number of licensed drivers increased by 85 per cent. In contrast, the number of fatalities decreased by 62 per cent over this period.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Number and Rate of Major and Minor Injuries, 1980–2010

60000 100

50000

80 40000

30000 60

20000 40 per 10,000 Licensed Drivers 10000 Major and Minor Injury Rate Number of Major and Minor Injuries [‘000] Number 0 20 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year

Major Injuries Minor Injuries Major and Minor Injury Rate 13 In 2010, 64,514 people were injured (including major, minor and minimal injuries) in motor vehicle crashes, 36,853 fewer than in 1980. This puts the number of injuries on the province’s roadways among its lowest level since 1965. Foreword

Fatality and Injury Trends for Different Age Groups

Number of Persons Age 0–9 Killed and Injured, 1990–2010

6000

5000 65% decline in fatalities and injuries since 1990

4000

3000

2000

Number of Fatalities and Injuries Number 1000

0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year

Between 1990 and 2010, the number of traffic fatalities and injuries among children aged 0-9 has dropped steadily, leading to an overall decline of 65 per cent.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Number and Rate* of Drivers 16–19 Years Old Killed and Injured, 1990–2010

6000 200

5000 74% decline in the casualty rate since 1990 150 4000

3000 100

2000 Casualty Rate Killed and Injured 61% decrease in 50 casualties since 1990 1000 Number of 16–19 Year Old Drivers of 16–19 Year Number

0 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year

Number Casualty Rate 14 * Number of injuries and fatalities per 10,000 licensed drivers

Both the number and per licensed drivers rate of 16-19 year old driver casualties (deaths or injuries) have declined, with a 61 per cent decrease in the number killed/injured and a 74 per cent decline in the casualty rate since 1990. Over the time period 1990-2010, the number of licensed drivers aged 16-19 increased by 48 per cent,

Foreword from 322,542 to 478,342.

Number and Rate* of Drivers Aged 65 and Over Killed and Injured, 1990–2010

5000 50 41% lower casualty rate in

2010 than in 1990 4000 40

3000 30

2000 20 Killed and Injured Casualty Rate 16% more casualties in 1000 2010 than in 1990 10 Number of Drivers Aged 65 and Over Number

0 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year *Number of injuries and fatalities Number Casualty Rate per 10,000 licensed drivers

The number of drivers aged 65 and over killed and injured has increased since 1990. However, the population of drivers age 65 and over has been increasing more rapidly, therefore, the casualty rate per 10,000 licensed drivers has decreased by 41 per cent.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Large Trucks

Number and Rate* of Fatalities in Large Truck Collisions; Large Truck Registrations, 1990–2010

250 300 45% decline in 64% increase in large truck fatalities since 1990 registrations since 1990 250 200

200

150

150

100

100 Fatality Rate Number of FataliteisNumber in Large Truck Collisions 50 66% decline in the fatality rate since 1990 50 Large Truck Registrations, in [000]

0 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year *Number of fatalities per 100,000 large trucks 15 Number of Fatalities Fatality Rate Large Truck Registrations Foreword

Ontario’s data shows that despite an increase of 64 per cent in the number of large trucks registered in Ontario, the number of large truck fatalities decreased from 197 in 1990 to 109 in 2010, down 45 per cent.

Drinking and Driving

Number and Rate* of Drinking and Driving Fatalities, 1990–2010

400 0.6

350

68% decline in the fatality rate since 1990 0.5 300

250 0.4

200

Fatalities 0.3 150

54% decline in Fatality Rate 100 fatalities since 1990

Number of Drinking and DrivingNumber 0.2 50

0 0.1 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year *Number of drinking and driving fatalities Number Fatality Rate per 10,000 licensed drivers

Both the number of drinking and driving fatalities and the rate per 10,000 licensed drivers have declined dramatically from 1990, by 54 per cent and 68 per cent respectively.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Vulnerable Road Users

Number and Rate* of Motorcycle Fatalities, 1990–2010

80 7

70 64% decline in the fatality 6 rate since 1990 60 5

50 4 40 3

30 Fatality Rate Motorcycle Fatalities

(Riders and Passengers) (Riders 2 20 36% decline in fatalities since 1990 10 1

0 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year *Number of motorcycle fatalities Motorcyclists Fatalities Rate per 10,000 Registered Motorcycles per 10,000 registered motorcycles 16 Motorcycle registrations increased 5 per cent from 200,810 in 2009 to 211,536 in 2010. At the same time, motorcycle rider fatalities increased from 39 in 2009 to 47 in 2010.

Over the long term, between 1990 and 2010, there has been a 64 per cent decline in the fatality rate per 10,000 Foreword motorcycle registrations.

Number of Bicycle Fatalities and Serious Injuries, 1990–2010

40 300

35 250

30

200 25

20 150

15 100 10 Number of Bicycle Fatalities Number

50 of Bicycle Serious Injuries Number 5

0 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year

Fatalities Serious Injuries

Between 1990 and 2010, the number of bicycle rider fatalities fluctuated between a high of 36 in 1998 and a low of 9 in 2000. There were 18 bicycle rider fatalities in 2010.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Number of Pedestrian Fatalities and Serious Injuries, 1990–2010

180 1000 53% decline in serious 160 900 injuries since 1990

140 800 700 120 600 100 500 80 400 60 38% decline in 300 40 fatalities since 1990

Number of Pedestrian Fatalities Number 200

20 100 of Pedestrian Serious Injuries Number

0 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year 17 Fatalities Serious Injuries Foreword

Between 1990 and 2010, the number of pedestrian fatalities was highest in 1991 with 157, and reached its lowest level in decades in 2008 with 94. The number of pedestarian fatalities decreased from 114 in 2009 to 95 in 2010, down by 17 per cent. However, the number of pedestrian serious injuries increased from 397 in 2009 to 420 in 2010, up 6 per cent.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 OVERVIEW 1. OVERVIEW

This section provides a synopsis of key road safety statistics such as the total number of traffic fatalities, injuries, collisions, licensed drivers and registered vehicles.

The primary measure of road user safety in Ontario is the number of fatalities for every 10,000 licensed drivers. In 2010, Ontario’s fatality rate of 0.63 per 10,000 licensed drivers was the second lowest ever recorded in Ontario. Ontario continued to be a road safety leader in North America.

The information on hospitalizations and other statistics in this section is a stark reminder of the human and economic cost of motor vehicle collisions, both in terms of lives lost, pain and suffering, and the impact on Ontario’s healthcare system, which affects everyone in Ontario. 19

Figure 1 Total Number of Fatal and Injury Collisions in Ontario, 1988–2010 Overview

100,000100

90,00090

80,00080

70,00070

60,00060

50,00050

40,00040

30,00030 Number of Fatal and Injury Collisions 20,00020

10,00010

00 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 1A. SYNOPSIS

Selected Statistics: 2010

Total Reportable Collisions 215,533 Total Drivers Involved in Collisions 385,753 Total Vehicles Involved in Collisions 400,820 Fatal Collisions 534 Personal Injury Collisions 44,430 Property Damage Collisions 170,569

Persons Killed 579 Drivers Killed (excludes All Terrain Vehicle and Snow Vehicle Drivers) 362 Drivers Killed (Impaired or Had Been Drinking) 117 Passengers Killed 115 20 Pedestrians Killed 95 Other Road Users Killed 7

Persons Injured 64,514

Overview Estimated Ontario Population (2010) 13,223,800 Licensed Drivers 9,245,267 Registered Motor Vehicles 8,560,878 Estimated Vehicle Kilometres Travelled (in millions) 129,637

Number of Persons Killed in Motor Vehicle Collisions per 100,000 People in Ontario 4.38 Number of Persons Killed in Motor Vehicle Collisions per 100 Million Kilometres Travelled 0.45 Collision Rate per 100 Million Kilometres Travelled 166.26 Fatal Collision Rate per 100 Million Kilometres Travelled 0.41 Number of Persons Killed in Motor Vehicle Collisions per 10,000 Licensed Drivers 0.63

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 1B. HEALTH PERSPECTIVE

Table 1.1: Selected Diagnoses of Motor Vehicle Collision Injuries Hospitalized in Ontario, Fiscal Year 2009/2010

Selected Diagnoses Hospital Admissions Hospital Days of Stay Fracture of head 108 659 Fracture of neck and trunk 773 7,667 Fracture of upper limb 466 2,902 Fracture of lower limb 1,205 11,868 Fractures involving multiple body regions * 79 Dislocation, sprains and strains 81 420 Dislocations, sprains, and strains involving multiple body regions * * Intracranial injury 660 10,549 Internal injury of chest, abdomen, and pelvis 373 3,480 Open wound of head, neck, or trunk 54 252 Open wound of upper limb 11 223 21 Open wound of lower limb 26 220

Open wounds involving multiple body regions * * Overview Other diagnosis 893 9,497 Total Admissions and Days ** 4,650 47,816

Source: Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, Health Solutions Delivery Branch, Health Data Decision Support Unit * Small cell count (a value of less than 5); small cell counts are not to be published ** Totals do not include small cell counts

Table 1.2: Selected Surgical Procedures for Motor Vehicle Collision Injuries Hospitalized in Ontario, Fiscal Year 2009/2010

Selected Procedure Hospital Admissions Hospital Days of Stay Head, brain, and cerebral meninges 118 2,970 Spinal cord, spinal canal, and meninges 9 63 Nose, mouth, and pharynx 22 338 Chest wall, pleura, mediastinum, and diaphragm 129 1,377 Bone marrow and spleen 29 417 Kidney * * Facial bones and joints 65 659 Reduction of fracture/dislocation with or without fixation (excluding head and facial bones) 1,487 15,145 Repair joint structures (excluding head or facial bones) 19 95 Skin and subcutaneous tissue 60 551 Other diagnostic and therapeutic interventions 1,472 19,066 Sub-total of surgical admissions and days ** 3,410 40,681 No interventions performed - surgical procedures 1,245 7,137

Source: Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, Health Solutions Delivery Branch, Health Data Decision Support Unit * Small cell count (a value of less than 5); small cell counts are not to be published ** Sub-totals do not include small cell counts

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 THE P LEEOP 2. THE PEOPLE

This section highlights traffic fatalities and injuries by severity and characteristics of the road users involved. Key historical road safety data – covering a period of more than 75 years – is also provided to assist in analyzing long-term safety trends in Ontario.

Highlights in this section include an increase in the number of traffic fatalities from 564 in 2009 to 579 in 2010; the number of serious injuries decreased from 2,603 in 2009 to 2,558 in 2010. At the same time, the number of licensed drivers increased by 143,329, the number of registered motor vehicles increased by 122,969 and the estimated distance driven in Ontario increased by 3,835 million kilometers. 23 Out of 862 drivers involved in fatal collisions, 154 were drinking drivers, 65 drivers were coded as inat- tentive, and 82 were speeding. Despite the fact that about 96 percent of Ontario drivers use seat belts, The People 100 of vehicle occupant fatalities were not using seat belts at the time of the crash.

Figure 2 Persons Involved in Fatal and Injury Collisions by Severity of Injury, 2010

Fatal, 0.5% None, 47.0%

Major, 2.1%

Minor, 24.2%

Minimal, 26.2%

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 2A. PEOPLE IN COLLISIONS

Table 2.1: Category of Involved Person by Severity of Injury in Fatal and Personal Injury Collisions, 2010

Severity of Injury Category of Involved Person None Minimal Minor Major Fatal Total Driver 36,400 18,481 16,406 1,072 299 72,658 Passenger* 20,494 10,269 8,294 589 115 39,761 Pedestrian 173 1,643 2,558 420 95 4,889 Bicyclist 34 983 1,004 100 17 2,138 Bicycle Passenger 18 136 213 19 1 387 All Terrain Vehicle** Driver 3 5 16 5 1 30 All Terrain Vehicle** Passenger 3 5 5 3 0 16 Snow Vehicle Driver 2 1 3 4 1 11 Snow Vehicle Passenger 0 2 0 2 1 5 24 Motorcycle Driver 91 320 686 224 45 1,366 Motorcycle Passenger 53 117 271 74 2 517 Moped Driver 7 21 23 5 1 57 Moped Passenger 3 7 7 2 0 19 Hanger On 42 74 108 18 1 243 The People Other 502 139 159 21 0 821 Total 57,825 32,203 29,753 2,558 579 122,918

* Includes bus passengers ** In this table, all terrain vehicles include two-wheel, three-wheel and four-wheel off-road vehicles.

Only persons involved in HTA reportable fatality and injury collisions are shown in this table (for more information on special vehicles, see Chapter 6). Fatal: Person killed immediately or within 30 days of the motor vehicle collision. Major: Person admitted to hospital. Minor: Person went to hospital and was treated in the emergency room but was not admitted. Minimal: Person did not go to hospital when leaving the scene of the collision. Includes minor abrasions, bruises and complaints of pain. None: Uninjured person.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 1 1 0 1 1 2 1 0 0 95 17 45 579 299 116 Total

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 UK

2. THE PEOPLE0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 35 23 22 81 75+

1 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 0 0 0 24 11 10 54 65–74

9 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 14 10 84 55–64

2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 49 12 13 10 87 45–54

9 3 1 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 0 0 37 13 69 35–44

2 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 47 11 11 79

25–34

4 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 27 10 47

Groups 25 21–24 Age

9 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 The People 20 12

6 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 12

7 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 10 18 19

6 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 17 19

1 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 16

0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 10–15

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5–9

0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 -wheel off-road vehicles. 0–4

ersons Killed by Age Groups, 2010

A reportable collisions are shown in this table (for more information on special vehicles, see Chapter 6). river

D Passenger

Driver Passenger river Person

D Passenger

Vehicle** Vehicle** of

Passenger Driver Passenger Vehicle Vehicle

Terrain Terrain ll ll ther river ategory A A Snow Snow Motorcycle Moped Moped O Total D C ** In this table, all terrain vehicles include two-wheel, three-wheel and four Only persons involved in HT Table 2.2: Category of P Bicyclist Bicycle Motorcycle * Includes hangers on. UK = Unknown Passenger* Pedestrian

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 8 4 26 14 49 16 422 475 321 Total 4,621 2,087 1,230 64,514 35,959 19,282

2 5 0 1 0 1 6 3 0 40 61 48 UK 495 1,413 2,075

8 4 1 0 0 0 6 4 2 0 8 789 273 75+ 1,342 2,437

0 0 0 0 2 1 14 17 41 11 25 909 323 2,025 3,368 65–74

3 0 0 1 3 3 46 32 85 27 450 188 4,282 1,560 6,680 55–64

1 2 1 0 4 61 93 14 48 649 122 315 7,132 2,110 45–54 10,552

1 0 0 0 3 45 10 42 494 115 266 104 7,142 2,268 35–44 10,490

2 2 2 0 8 2 68 92 48 663 156 266 7,446 3,100 25–34 11,855

5 1 2 1 3 1 87 46 90 33 14

26 401 3,462 2,135 6,281 21–24

9 0 0 0 0 6 1 0 8 21 20 20 898 661 132 1,756 Age Groups

0 1 0 1 1 0 4 30 15 10 10 19 814 674 151 1,711 The People

2 0 0 0 6 2 0 0 23 14 10 18 678 628 130 1,493

0 1 0 0 6 6 1 0 8 20 12 17 586 536 116 1,292

2 3 1 0 9 1 1 1 96 10 18 12 16 429 150 733

4 3 1 1 3 0 0 16 18 60 11 18 443 1,393 1,971 10–15

0 4 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 3 15 878 119 5–9 1,022

0 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 9 66 717 0–4 798

of Person of

Passenger* Pedestrian Snow Vehicle Passenger Vehicle Snow Driver Motorcycle Driver Only persons involved in HTA reportable collisions are shown in this table (for more information on special vehicles, see Chapter 6). reportable collisions are shown in this table (for more information on special vehicles, see Chapter 6). Only persons involved in HTA Table 2.3: Category of Persons Injured by Age Groups, 2010 Table 2.3: Category of Persons Passenger Vehicle** Driver Terrain Vehicle All Snow Passenger Moped Other * Includes hangers on. off-road vehicles. ** In this table, all terrain vehicles include two-wheel, three-wheel and four-wheel UK = Unknown Category Category Bicyclist Passenger Bicycle Passenger Motorcycle All Terrain Vehicle** Driver Vehicle** Terrain All Driver Moped Total

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.4: Sex of Driver by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Sex of Driver Fatal Injury Damage Total 2.Male THE PEOPLE 658 47,841 176,166 224,665 Female 185 31,130 105,610 136,925 Unknown* 19 4,146 19,998 24,163 Total 862 83,117 301,774 385,753

* This includes situations where the enforcement officer is unable to make a determination, e.g., hit and run.

Fatal Collision: A motor vehicle collision in which at least one person sustains bodily injury resulting in death within 30 days of the collision.

Personal Injury Collision: A motor vehicle collision in which at least one person involved sustains bodily injury not resulting in death. 27 Property Damage: A motor vehicle collision in which no person sustains bodily injury, but in which there is The People damage to any public property or damage to private property including damage to the motor vehicle or its load.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.5: Driver Condition by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Condition of Driver Fatal Injury Damage Total Normal 542 61,960 229,385 291,887 Had Been Drinking 42 771 1,704 2,517 Ability Impaired – Alcohol over 0.08 103 608 1,434 2,145 Ability Impaired Alcohol 9 416 798 1,223 Ability Impaired Drugs 5 92 164 261 Fatigue 16 578 1,203 1,797 Medical/Physical Disability 19 513 501 1,033 Inattentive 65 12,448 28,207 40,720 Other * 7 278 1,021 1,306 28 Unknown ** 54 5,453 37,357 42,864 Total 862 83,117 301,774 385,753

* Driver condition is not defined above. ** This includes situations where the enforcement officer is unable to make a determination, e.g., hit and run.

Driver had consumed alcohol but his/her physical condition was not legally impaired. The People Had Been Drinking:

Ability Impaired Alcohol over 0.08: Driver had consumed alcohol and upon testing was found to have a blood alcohol level in excess of 0.08 grams of alcohol per 100 millilitres of blood.

Ability Impaired Alcohol: Driver had consumed sufficient alcohol to warrant being charged with a drinking and driving offence.

Inattentive: Driver was operating a motor vehicle without due care and attention or placing less than full concentration on driving, e.g., changing radio stations, consuming food, reading, talking on phone or two-way radio, using headphones.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.6: Driver Age by Driver Condition in all Collisions, 2010*

Driver Condition Had Impaired Ability Driver Been Alcohol Impaired 2.Age THE PEOPLENormal Drinking over 0.08 Alcohol Other Unknown Total Under 16 72 2 0 0 51 23 148 16 718 14 6 1 222 61 1,022 17 4,154 33 21 9 1,101 339 5,657 18 5,357 74 30 28 1,403 437 7,329 19 5,773 108 73 37 1,405 498 7,894 20 6,069 118 81 50 1,393 520 8,231 21-24 25,148 402 343 195 4,638 2,091 32,817 25-34 58,377 618 581 308 8,448 4,491 72,823 35-44 60,261 395 380 214 7,614 4,605 73,469 45-54 61,051 381 384 219 7,527 4,431 73,993 29 55-64 36,910 186 168 111 5,007 2,674 45,056 The People 65-74 16,244 64 53 32 2,885 1,271 20,549 75 & over 9,419 30 10 6 2,369 768 12,602 Unknown 2,334 92 15 13 1,054 20,655 24,163 Total 291,887 2,517 2,145 1,223 45,117 42,864 385,753

* Includes bicyclists, drivers of all terrain vehicles, etc.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.7: Recorded Occurrence of Driver Condition in Drivers Killed, 2010*

Recorded Number of Occurrence Drivers % Normal 192 52.7 Had Been Drinking 26 7.1 Ability Impaired – Alcohol over 0.08 91 25.0 Ability Impaired Alcohol 0 0.0 Ability Impaired Drugs 3 0.8 Fatigue 9 2.5 Medical/Physical Disability 15 4.1 Inattentive 24 6.6 Other 2 0.5 Unknown 2 0.5 30 Total 364 100.0 * Total includes drivers of all vehicle types killed in HTA reportable collisions. The People

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.8: Apparent Driver Action by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Apparent Driver Action Fatal Injury Damage Total 2.Driving THE Properly PEOPLE 332 39,731 151,926 191,989 Following Too Close 7 8,245 28,248 36,500 Speed Too Fast 59 820 1,366 2,245 Speed Too Fast for Conditions 23 3,362 11,639 15,024 Speed Too Slow 2 51 182 235 Improper Turn 13 4,135 10,999 15,147 Disobey Traffic Control 50 3,714 5,284 9,048 Fail to Yield Right of Way 67 8,514 19,333 27,914 Improper Passing 17 633 2,555 3,205 Lost Control 143 5,506 14,979 20,628 31 Wrong Way on One Way Road 3 89 140 232

Improper Lane Change 15 1,729 10,228 11,972 The People Other* 103 4,474 17,321 21,898 Unknown 28 2,114 27,574 29,716 Total 862 83,117 301,774 385,753

* Includes actions such as hit and run, driving on the wrong side of the road, improper parking and illegally parked.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 The tables on the next two pages include only seat belt usage in collisions in which there were fatalities and personal injuries. Property damage only collisions are excluded.

Table 2.9: Seat Belt Usage by Severity of Driver Injury in Fatal and Personal Injury Collisions, 2010

Severity of Injury Safety Equipment Used Fatal Major Minor Minimal None Total Seat Belt Used 178 816 14,365 17,024 33,286 65,669 Other Equipment* 19 68 827 576 451 1,941 Equipment Not used 72 92 190 84 59 497 No Safety Equipment 0 4 33 29 69 135 Use Unknown 30 92 991 768 2,535 4,416 Total 299 1,072 16,406 18,481 36,400 72,658 32 * Other equipment includes use of airbags. Combined use of seat belt with airbag deployment is unknown.

Table 2.10: Seat Belt Usage by Severity of Passenger* Injury in Fatal and Personal Injury Collisions, 2010

The People Severity of Injury

Safety Equipment Used Fatal Major Minor Minimal None Total Seat Belt Used 55 426 6,731 8,645 15,988 31,845 Child Safety Seat Used Incorrectly 1 3 19 22 89 134 Child Safety Seat Used Correctly 1 15 218 415 1,862 2,511 Other Equipment** 8 17 265 159 169 618 Equipment Not used 28 62 190 104 63 447 No Safety Equipment 7 26 364 550 1,133 2,080 Use Unknown 16 51 527 374 1,175 2,143 Total 116 600 8,314 10,269 20,479 39,778

* Includes hangers on and excludes passengers in parked vehicles. ** Other equipment includes use of airbags. Combined use of seat belt with airbag deployment is unknown.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.11: Restraint Use for Children (0–4 Years) Killed in Collisions, 2006–2010

Child Child Restraint Restraint Lap/Lap & Restraint Available, Year Used Used Shoulder Not Not Use 2.Used THE PEOPLECorrectly Incorrectly Belt Available Used Unknown Total 2006 5 1 0 0 0 1 7 2007 2 1 0 0 0 0 3 2008 1 2 1 0 0 0 4 2009 2 1 0 0 0 0 3 2010 1 1 0 0 0 0 2

Table 2.12: Restraint Use for Children (0–4 Years) Involved in Fatal and Personal Injury Collisions by Severity of Injury, 2010

Injury Level Restraint Used Major/Fatal % Minimal/Minor % No Injuries % 33

Child Restraint Used Correctly 47.4 62.9 63.7 The People Child Restraint Used Incorrectly 21.1 4.3 3.0 Lap/Lap-Shoulder Belt 21.1 24.4 25.1 Not Available 0.0 4.1 3.8 Available/Not Used 5.3 0.4 0.0 Other 5.3 1.0 0.8 Unknown 0.0 2.9 3.7 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.13: Pedestrian Condition by Severity of Injury, 2010

Condition of Pedestrian Killed Injured Normal 55 3,191 Had Been Drinking 4 230 Ability Impaired Alcohol over .08 25 5 Ability Impaired Alcohol 0 44 Ability Impaired Drugs 1 10 Fatigue 0 2 Medical or Physical Defect 4 94 Inattentive 6 650 Other 0 61 Unknown 0 334 Total 95 4,621 34

Table 2.14: Apparent Pedestrian Action by Severity of Injury, 2010

Apparent Pedestrian Action Killed Injured Crossing Intersection With Right of Way 23 2,067 The People Crossing Intersection Without Right of Way 19 564 Crossing Intersection No Traffic Control 8 330 Crossing Pedestrian Crossover 1 145 Crossing Marked Crosswalk Without Right of Way 4 142 Walking on Roadway With Traffic 4 96 Walking on Roadway Against Traffic 1 63 On Sidewalk or Shoulder 10 306 Playing or Working on Highway 2 54 Coming from Behind Parked Vehicle or Object 0 103 Running onto Roadway 5 261 Getting On/Off School Bus* 0 2 Getting On/Off Vehicle 1 55 Pushing/Working on Vehicle 0 10 Other 17 423 Total 95 4,621

* Calendar Year

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 2B. PUTTING THE PEOPLE IN CONTEXT

823.9 807.0 780.9 743.7 712.5 730.1 726.9 683.4 700.0 633.5 588.4 541.5 524.6 478.8 897.6 901.4 842.9 572.1 485.2 487.9 1,251.7 1,257.0 1,042.5 100,000 Rate Per Rate 2. THE PEOPLE In All Classes Persons Injured Persons 90,030 89,572 88,405 85,527 83,192 84,062 85,009 81,782 84,192 77,879 73,008 68,793 67,166 62,562 90,519 91,025 91,149 71,850 62,743 64,514 Number 118,158 120,652 101,575

9.1 9.0 8.2 7.8 7.3 7.5 7.3 7.1 7.3 6.8 6.4 6.1 6.0 4.3 6.1 4.9 4.4 13.1 13.4 11.5 10.9 10.8 10.5 100,000 Rate Per Rate 999 999 928 899 854 868 849 845 873 831 799 769 765 564 766 631 579 In All Classes Persons Killed 1,237 1,286 1,120 1,102 1,090 1,135 Number

35 All Others 85 6,022 98 5,756 91 5,484 70 4,955 55 4,458 68 4,597 74 4,704 63 4,451 57 4,544 72 4,451 65 4,551 70 4,346 71 4,499 91 4,426 75 4,505 60 4,413 70 4,391 70 4,782 138 9,318 129 8,181 105 7,057 105 6,916 101 4,674 Killed Injured The People

94 4,454 95 4,621 186 6,344 161 6,187 154 5,839 157 5,352 140 5,177 146 5,181 127 5,344 126 5,261 144 5,336 133 5,154 121 4,978 132 4,894 112 5,190 119 5,063 131 4,990 120 4,758 104 4,505 105 4,709 126 4,729 108 4,636 114 4,522 Killed Injured Pedestrian 39,157 39,950 33,606 30,230 30,567 30,584 29,570 29,440 28,997 27,915 26,422 26,774 27,206 26,510 26,742 24,563 22,396 21,268 20,005 19,112 17,679 18,224 19,152 Injured

350 369 321 298 317 296 273 276 270 224 222 221 243 224 227 216 191 183 169 186 124 113 115 Killed Passenger*

63,339 66,334 55,073 48,021 49,259 49,628 49,632 49,916 49,614 47,861 47,088 47,943 48,068 45,758 47,909 44,212 41,608 41,199 39,633 38,913 36,219 35,403 35,959

563 627 540 542 548 595 508 527 459 474 437 452 437 430 450 425 433 377 383 396 343 277 299 Killed Injured Driver Ontario 9,439,600 9,598,600 9,743,300 10,084,900 10,098,600 10,813,200 10,927,800 11,100,000 11,320,456 11,500,329 11,675,497 11,513,700 11,695,110 11,966,960 12,027,900 12,293,700 12,407,300 12,558,669 12,705,328 12,803,861 12,932,297 13,072,700 13,223,800

Population (Est.)** Population Table 2.15: Category of Persons Killed and Injured, 1988–2010 Year 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 * Excludes motorcycle passengers, who are included with “All Others”. **Source: Statistics Canada

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.16: Sex of Driver Population by Age Groups, 2010

Age Groups Sex of Driver 16–19 20–24 25–34 35–44 45–54 55–64 65+ Total Male 252,424 398,941 791,292 882,681 997,159 749,864 709,263 4,781,624 Female 225,918 366,134 781,144 857,447 930,340 692,042 610,618 4,463,643 Total 478,342 765,075 1,572,436 1,740,128 1,927,499 1,441,906 1,319,881 9,245,267

Table 2.17: Driver Population by Age Groups, 1988–2010

Age Groups Year 16–19 20–24 25–34 35–44 45–54 55–64 65+ Total 1988 310,764 643,691 1,588,516 1,353,841 898,103 714,266 608,931 6,118,112 1989 323,109 631,470 1,634,187 1,409,053 931,991 720,788 639,826 6,290,424 1990 322,542 629,478 1,666,474 1,467,699 964,925 728,380 669,385 6,448,883 36 1991 319,584 627,931 1,673,502 1,501,765 1,018,365 736,652 696,432 6,574,231 1992 314,685 623,707 1,665,433 1,528,726 1,082,883 745,759 727,568 6,688,761 1993 326,389 621,934 1,655,573 1,566,083 1,136,365 758,840 758,244 6,823,428 1994 358,817 622,704 1,645,962 1,611,972 1,190,442 770,882 783,181 6,983,960

The People 1995 360,847 614,094 1,621,989 1,659,749 1,240,072 782,871 806,396 7,086,018 1996 361,571 612,060 1,608,567 1,717,050 1,297,289 805,486 856,144 7,258,167 1997 394,512 624,532 1,611,708 1,789,110 1,360,555 837,606 919,584 7,537,607 1998 412,589 634,053 1,593,744 1,845,474 1,415,258 872,426 954,212 7,727,756 1999 426,643 642,808 1,576,673 1,895,323 1,475,588 907,235 994,044 7,918,314 2000 438,170 659,331 1,582,207 1,935,150 1,540,499 939,838 1,026,179 8,121,374 2001 449,853 671,424 1,580,758 1,946,713 1,577,920 990,745 1,049,203 8,266,616 2002 458,627 686,561 1,580,837 1,945,944 1,612,219 1,053,877 1,075,439 8,413,504 2003 457,049 704,720 1,575,345 1,940,896 1,653,604 1,105,726 1,104,215 8,541,555 2004 453,157 719,861 1,567,346 1,929,418 1,698,350 1,157,824 1,129,641 8,655,597 2005 447,954 727,529 1,557,476 1,912,898 1,748,335 1,206,374 1,161,644 8,762,210 2006 461,058 736,575 1,550,313 1,888,582 1,793,515 1,252,613 1,185,309 8,867,965 2007 466,979 739,555 1,547,980 1,851,780 1,835,315 1,296,295 1,207,493 8,945,397 2008 478,950 744,491 1,553,552 1,808,597 1,875,742 1,339,948 1,241,006 9,042,286 2009 462,718 746,486 1,554,266 1,763,704 1,906,532 1,388,094 1,280,138 9,101,938 2010 478,342 765,075 1,572,436 1,740,128 1,927,499 1,441,906 1,319,881 9,245,267

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.18: Driver Licence Class by Sex, 2010

Driver Sex Licence Class Male % Female % Total % 2.A THE PEOPLE 100,105 2.09 2,013 0.05 102,118 1.10 AB 5,029 0.11 666 0.01 5,695 0.06 ABM 2,568 0.05 167 0.00 2,735 0.03 ABM1 14 0.00 4 0.00 18 0.00 ABM2 218 0.00 43 0.00 261 0.00 AC 28,669 0.60 1,061 0.02 29,730 0.32 ACM 11,112 0.23 180 0.00 11,292 0.12 ACM1 114 0.00 4 0.00 118 0.00 ACM2 1,529 0.03 56 0.00 1,585 0.02 AM 27,153 0.57 196 0.00 27,349 0.30 AM1 227 0.00 6 0.00 233 0.00 37 AM2 3,569 0.07 74 0.00 3,643 0.04 The People B 17,776 0.37 16,731 0.37 34,507 0.37 BM 4,796 0.10 935 0.02 5,731 0.06 BM1 23 0.00 15 0.00 38 0.00 BM2 433 0.01 310 0.01 743 0.01 C 8,234 0.17 1,136 0.03 9,370 0.10 CM 1,807 0.04 74 0.00 1,881 0.02 CM1 30 0.00 1 0.00 31 0.00 CM2 319 0.01 37 0.00 356 0.00 D 224,088 4.69 23,637 0.53 247,725 2.68 DE 111 0.00 34 0.00 145 0.00 DEM 27 0.00 0 0.00 27 0.00 DEM1 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 DEM2 3 0.00 1 0.00 4 0.00 DF 2,895 0.06 238 0.01 3,133 0.03 DFM 888 0.02 30 0.00 918 0.01 DFM1 14 0.00 0 0.00 14 0.00 DFM2 176 0.00 16 0.00 192 0.00 DM 65,476 1.37 1,846 0.04 67,322 0.73 DM1 364 0.01 12 0.00 376 0.00 DM2 5,023 0.11 354 0.01 5,377 0.06 E 1,473 0.03 2,177 0.05 3,650 0.04

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.18: Driver Licence Class by Sex, 2010 (continued)

Driver Sex Licence Class Male % Female % Total % EM 155 0.00 32 0.00 187 0.00 EM1 1 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.00 EM2 16 0.00 8 0.00 24 0.00 F 7,612 0.16 5,902 0.13 13,514 0.15 FM 1,309 0.03 243 0.01 1,552 0.02 FM1 21 0.00 4 0.00 25 0.00 FM2 278 0.01 166 0.00 444 0.00 G 3,261,052 68.20 3,637,416 81.49 6,898,468 74.62 G1 252,094 5.27 339,813 7.61 591,907 6.40 G1M 56 0.00 15 0.00 71 0.00 38 G1M1 333 0.01 35 0.00 368 0.00 G1M2 1,114 0.02 316 0.01 1,430 0.02 G2 341,936 7.15 348,631 7.81 690,567 7.47 G2M 290 0.01 55 0.00 345 0.00 G2M1 411 0.01 44 0.00 455 0.00 The People G2M2 3,338 0.07 606 0.01 3,944 0.04 GM 338,063 7.07 58,684 1.31 396,747 4.29 GM1 3,884 0.08 886 0.02 4,770 0.05 GM2 54,070 1.13 18,395 0.41 72,465 0.78 M 712 0.01 137 0.00 849 0.01 M1 69 0.00 10 0.00 79 0.00 M2 547 0.01 191 0.00 738 0.01 Total 4,781,624 100.00 4,463,643 100.00 9,245,267 100.00

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.19: Licensed Drivers, Total Collisions, Persons Killed and Injured, 1931–2010

Licensed Total Persons Persons Year Drivers Collisions Killed Injured 1931 666,266 9,241 571 8,494 2.1932 THE PEOPLE 648,710 9,171 502 8,231 1933 638,710 8,634 403 7,877 1934 665,743 9,645 512 8,990 1935 707,457 10,648 560 9,839 1936 755,765 11,388 546 10,251 1937 802,765 13,906 766 12,092 1938 866,729 13,715 640 11,683 1939 899,572 13,710 652 11,638 1940 937,551 16,921 716 13,715 1941 986,773 18,167 801 14,275 39 1942 961,883 13,490 567 10,205

1943 919,457 11,025 549 8,628 The People 1944 905,650 11,004 498 8,373 1945 971,852 13,458 598 9,804 1946 1,087,445 17,356 688 12,228 1947 1,144,291 22,293 734 13,056 1948 1,209,408 27,406 740 14,970 1949 1,278,584 34,472 830 17,469 1950 1,366,388 43,681 791 19,940 1951 1,461,538 54,920 949 22,557 1952 1,556,559 58,515 1,010 23,643 1953 1,656,259 65,866 1,082 24,353 1954 1,747,567 62,509 1,045 24,607 1955 1,856,845 63,219 1,111 26,246 1956 1,967,789 71,399 1,180 28,626 1957 2,088,551 76,302 1,279 30,414 1958 2,176,417 76,884 1,112 30,106 1959 2,270,246 81,518 1,187 31,602 1960 2,355,567 87,186 1,166 34,436 1961 2,414,615 85,577 1,268 37,146 1962 2,469,425 94,231 1,383 41,766 1963 2,555,015 104,919 1,421 47,801

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.19: Licensed Drivers, Total Collisions, Persons Killed and Injured, 1931–2010 (continued)

Licensed Total Persons Persons Year Drivers Collisions Killed Injured 1964 2,694,023 111,232 1,424 54,560 1965 2,739,138 128,462 1,611 60,917 1966 2,821,648 139,781 1,596 65,210 1967 3,004,654 145,008 1,719 67,280 1968 3,128,509 155,127 1,586 71,520 1969 3,247,979 169,395 1,683 74,902 1970 3,422,892 141,609 1,535 75,126 1971 3,563,197 158,831 1,769 84,650 1972 3,688,541 189,494 1,934 95,181 1973 3,841,628 193,021 1,959 97,790 40 1974 3,972,980 204,271 1,748 98,673 1975 4,160,623 213,689 1,800 97,034 1976 4,315,925 211,865 1,511 83,736 1977 4,562,903 218,567 1,420 95,664 1978 4,725,546 186,363 1,450 94,979

The People 1979 4,858,351 197,196 1,560 101,321 1980 4,993,531 196,501 1,508 101,367 1981 5,123,177 198,372 1,445 100,321 1982 5,247,198 187,943 1,138 92,815 1983 5,380,259 181,999 1,204 91,706 1984 5,513,911 194,782 1,132 97,230 1985 5,660,422 189,750 1,191 109,169 1986 5,817,799 187,286 1,102 108,839 1987 5,978,105 203,431 1,229 121,089 1988 6,118,112 228,398 1,237 118,158 1989 6,290,424 247,038 1,286 120,652 1990 6,448,883 220,188 1,120 101,575 1991 6,574,231 213,669 1,102 90,519 1992 6,688,761 224,249 1,090 91,025 1993 6,823,428 228,834 1,135 91,149 1994 6,983,960 226,996 999 90,030 1995 7,086,018 219,085 999 89,572 1996 7,258,167 215,024 929 88,445

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 2.19: Licensed Drivers, Total Collisions, Persons Killed and Injured, 1931–2010 (continued)

Licensed Total Persons Persons Year Drivers Collisions Killed Injured 1997 7,537,607 221,500 899 85,527 2.1998 THE PEOPLE 7,727,756 213,356 854 83,192 1999 7,918,314 221,962 868 84,062 2000 8,121,374 240,630 849 85,009 2001 8,266,616 234,004 845 81,782 2002 8,413,504 244,642 873 84,192 2003 8,541,555 246,463 831 77,879 2004 8,655,597 231,548 799 73,008 2005 8,762,210 230,258 766 71,850 2006 8,867,965 216,247 769 68,793 2007 8,945,397 233,487 765 67,175 2008 9,042,286 229,196 631 62,743 41 2009 9,101,938 216,315 564 62,562

2010 9,245,267 215,533 579 64,514 The People

Table 2.20: Driver Age Groups – Number Licensed, Collision Involvement and Per Cent Involved in Collisions, 2010

Drivers Drivers Involved % of Drivers of Each Age Age Drivers Licensed in Collisions* Involved in Collisions Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Under 16 0 0 0 74 27 101 N/A N/A N/A 16 47,590 42,584 90,174 577 421 998 1.21 0.99 1.11 17 60,539 54,070 114,609 3,348 2,268 5,616 5.53 4.19 4.90 18 69,600 62,119 131,719 4,503 2,788 7,291 6.47 4.49 5.54 19 74,695 67,145 141,840 4,837 3,004 7,841 6.48 4.47 5.53 20 79,778 71,538 151,316 4,998 3,193 8,191 6.26 4.46 5.41 21-24 319,163 294,596 613,759 19,435 13,197 32,632 6.09 4.48 5.32 25-34 791,292 781,144 1,572,436 43,996 28,349 72,345 5.56 3.63 4.60 35-44 882,681 857,447 1,740,128 44,025 28,999 73,024 4.99 3.38 4.20 45-54 997,159 930,340 1,927,499 46,526 26,985 73,511 4.67 2.90 3.81 55-64 749,864 692,042 1,441,906 29,165 15,628 44,793 3.89 2.26 3.11 65-74 432,992 378,296 811,288 13,341 7,122 20,463 3.08 1.88 2.52 75 & over 276,271 232,322 508,593 7,972 4,596 12,568 2.89 1.98 2.47 Unknown 0 0 0 36,821 0 36,821 N/A N/A N/A Total 4,781,624 4,463,643 9,245,267 222,797 136,577 359,374 4.66 3.06 3.89

* This table includes people in the driver’s position of parked vehicles and excludes drivers of some vehicles such as bicycles, snow and off-road vehicles, etc.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 THE COLLISION 3. THE COLLISION

This section profiles the types of collisions that occur on Ontario’s roads. To prevent motor vehicle collisions, we need to understand the context in which they occur, including hour of occurrence, day, month, collision type, location, and environmental factors. Identifying these contributing factors is an important step toward reducing collisions on Ontario’s roads.

The number of fatal collisions increased from 516 in 2009 to 534 in 2010, up by 18, and the number of injury collisions increased from 44,054 in 2009 to 44,430 in 2010, up by 376. The number of property damage collisions decreased from 171,745 in 2009 to 170,569 in 2010, down by 1,176. The fatality rate per 100 million kilometers traveled in Ontario remained the same at 0.45 in 2009 and 2010. 43 The Collision Figure 3 Fatality Rate per 100 Million Vehicle Kilometres Travelled in Ontario, 1988–2010

1.81.7 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4

1.21.2

1.01.0

0.80.8

0.60.6

0.40.4

0.20.2

0.00 Fatality Rate per 100 Million Vehicle Kilometres Travelled 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 3A. TYPES OF COLLISIONS

Table 3.1: Class of Collision, 1988–2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Year Fatal Injury Damage Total 1988 1,076 76,724 150,598 228,398 1989 1,106 77,852 168,080 247,038 1990 959 65,912 153,317 220,188 1991 956 59,242 153,471 213,669 1992 942 58,889 164,418 224,249 1993 987 58,932 168,915 228,834 1994 875 58,525 167,596 226,996 1995 860 58,273 159,952 219,085 1996 816 57,791 156,417 215,024 1997 807 56,121 164,572 221,500 1998 768 55,441 157,147 213,356 44 1999 763 55,764 165,435 221,962 2000 737 57,279 182,614 240,630 2001 733 54,479 178,792 234,004 2002 770 56,516 187,356 244,642 2003 754 52,757 192,952 246,463

The Collision 2004 718 49,948 180,882 231,548 2005 684 49,584 179,990 230,258 2006 692 47,411 168,144 216,247 2007 683 47,014 185,790 233,487 2008 574 44,219 184,403 229,196 2009 516 44,054 171,745 216,315 2010 534 44,430 170,569 215,533

Table 3.2: Collision Rate Per One Million Kilometres Travelled, 1988–2010

Year Collision Rate Year Collision Rate Year Collision Rate 1988 3.2 1996 2.7 2004 1.9* 1989 3.2 1997 2.7 2005 1.8* 1990 3.0 1998 2.5 2006 1.66* 1991 2.9 1999 2.5 2007 1.87* 1992 3.1 2000 2.0* 2008 1.84* 1993 3.0 2001 2.0* 2009 1.72* 1994 2.9 2002 2.0* 2010 1.66** 1995 2.8 2003 2.1*

* Based on Statistics Canada estimates of Vehicle Kilometres Travelled. ** Based on Westbay Research Inc. estimates for CCMTA Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 3.3: Motor Vehicles Involved in Collisions Based on Initial Impact, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Motor Vehicle in Collision Involving Fatal Injury Damage Total

Moveable Objects: Other Motor Vehicles 524 66,484 257,004 324,012 Unattended Vehicles 7 465 13,362 13,834 Pedestrian 93 4,327 327 4,747 Cyclist 19 2,422 542 2,983 Railway Train 2 12 18 32 Street Car 1 58 292 351 Farm Tractor 2 24 59 85 Domestic Animal 1 62 702 765 Wild Animal 3 479 12,691 13,173 45 Other Moveable Objects 4 125 295 424

Sub-total 656 74,458 285,292 360,406 The Collision Fixed Objects: Cable Guide Rail 0 51 250 301 Concrete Guide Rail 2 248 954 1,204 Steel Guide Rail 1 162 667 830 Pole (Utility Tower) 2 258 1,232 1,492 Pole (Sign/Parking Meter) 0 84 781 865 Fence/Noise Barrier 0 16 177 193 Culvert 1 9 29 39 Bridge Support 1 17 97 115 Rock Face 1 12 23 36 Snow Bank or Drift 0 18 141 159 Ditch 7 252 791 1,050 Curb 11 430 1,537 1,978 Crash Cushion 1 20 46 67 Building or Wall 0 27 152 179 Water Course 0 0 12 12 Construction Marker 0 13 68 81 Tree, Shrub, or Stump 4 130 408 542 Other Fixed Object 0 200 1,148 1,348 Sub-total 31 1,947 8,513 10,491

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 3.3: Motor Vehicles Involved in Collisions Based on Initial Impact, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Personal Property Motor Vehicle in Collision Involving Fatal Injury Damage Total Other Events: Ran Off Road 80 2,562 5,933 8,575 Skidding/Sliding 91 3,515 11,355 14,961 Jack-knifing 0 15 80 95 Load Spill 0 13 75 88 Fire/Explosion 0 5 167 172 Submersion 0 1 4 5 Rollover 2 143 215 360 Debris on Road 3 115 1,036 1,154 46 Debris off Vehicle 5 86 894 985 Other Non-Collision Event 17 1,050 2,461 3,528 Sub-total 198 7,505 22,220 29,923 Total 885 83,910 316,025 400,820

The Collision Table 3.4: Initial Impact Type by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Initial Impact Type Fatal Injury Damage Total Approaching 112 755 1,452 2,319 Angle 65 4,602 11,817 16,484 Rear End 29 12,881 50,435 63,345 Sideswipe 14 2,944 20,358 23,316 Turning Movement 40 10,139 31,352 41,531 With Unattended Motor Vehicle 8 467 13,300 13,775 Single Motor Vehicle 266 12,457 39,219 51,942 Other 0 185 2,636 2,821 Unknown 0 0 0 0 Total 534 44,430 170,569 215,533

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 3B. TIME AND ENVIRONMENT

Table 3.5: Month of Occurrence by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Month of Personal Property Occurrence Fatal % Injury % Damage % Total % January 51 9.6 3,438 7.7 16,520 9.7 20,009 9.3 February 32 6.0 3,123 7.0 15,247 8.9 18,402 8.5 March 33 6.2 2,758 6.2 11,339 6.6 14,130 6.6 April 28 5.2 3,178 7.2 11,696 6.9 14,902 6.9 May 43 8.1 3,836 8.6 13,762 8.1 17,641 8.2 June 40 7.5 4,188 9.4 14,130 8.3 18,358 8.5 July 62 11.6 4,106 9.2 12,998 7.6 17,166 8.0 August 60 11.2 4,026 9.1 13,031 7.6 17,117 7.9 September 49 9.2 3,964 8.9 13,565 8.0 17,578 8.2 47 October 66 12.4 4,065 9.1 14,582 8.5 18,713 8.7

November 37 6.9 3,925 8.8 15,835 9.3 19,797 9.2 The Collision December 33 6.2 3,823 8.6 17,864 10.5 21,720 10.1 Total 534 100.0 44,430 100.0 170,569 100.0 215,533 100.0

Table 3.6: Day of Week by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Day of Occurrence Fatal % Injury % Damage % Total % Monday 75 14.0 6,258 14.1 24,531 14.4 30,864 14.3 Tuesday 70 13.1 6,911 15.6 26,112 15.3 33,093 15.4 Wednesday 63 11.8 6,688 15.1 25,971 15.2 32,722 15.2 Thursday 86 16.1 6,817 15.3 26,627 15.6 33,530 15.6 Friday 83 15.5 7,340 16.5 29,198 17.1 36,621 17.0 Saturday 74 13.9 5,590 12.6 20,693 12.1 26,357 12.2 Sunday 83 15.5 4,826 10.9 17,437 10.2 22,346 10.4 Total 534 100.0 44,430 100.0 170,569 100.0 215,533 100.0

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 3.7: Hour of Occurrence by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Hour of Personal Property Occurrence A.M. Fatal % Injury % Damage % Total % 12 to 1 a.m. 9 1.7 606 1.4 2,126 1.2 2,741 1.3 1 to 2 a.m. 14 2.6 530 1.2 1,980 1.2 2,524 1.2 2 to 3 a.m. 19 3.6 545 1.2 1,901 1.1 2,465 1.1 3 to 4 a.m. 19 3.6 385 0.9 1,550 0.9 1,954 0.9 4 to 5 a.m. 15 2.8 299 0.7 1,330 0.8 1,644 0.8 5 to 6 a.m. 10 1.9 409 0.9 1,969 1.2 2,388 1.1 Sub-total 86 16.1 2,774 6.2 10,856 6.4 13,716 6.4 6 to 7 a.m. 22 4.1 976 2.2 3,975 2.3 4,973 2.3 7 to 8 a.m. 12 2.2 1,589 3.6 6,653 3.9 8,254 3.8 48 8 to 9 a.m. 11 2.1 2,564 5.8 10,788 6.3 13,363 6.2 9 to 10 a.m. 15 2.8 2,011 4.5 8,273 4.9 10,299 4.8 10 to 11 a.m. 22 4.1 2,039 4.6 7,637 4.5 9,698 4.5 11 to 12 noon 16 3.0 2,322 5.2 9,092 5.3 11,430 5.3 Sub-total 98 18.4 11,501 25.9 46,418 27.2 58,017 26.9 Hour of The Collision Occurrence P.M. 12 to 1 p.m. 27 5.1 2,694 6.1 10,329 6.1 13,050 6.1 1 to 2 p.m. 28 5.2 2,661 6.0 10,065 5.9 12,754 5.9 2 to 3 p.m. 26 4.9 2,908 6.5 10,721 6.3 13,655 6.3 3 to 4 p.m. 47 8.8 3,557 8.0 13,162 7.7 16,766 7.8 4 to 5 p.m. 27 5.1 3,589 8.1 14,139 8.3 17,755 8.2 5 to 6 p.m. 36 6.7 3,733 8.4 14,644 8.6 18,413 8.5 Sub-total 191 35.8 19,142 43.1 73,060 42.8 92,393 42.9 6 to 7 p.m. 31 5.8 2,988 6.7 11,318 6.6 14,337 6.7 7 to 8 p.m. 28 5.2 2,211 5.0 7,960 4.7 10,199 4.7 8 to 9 p.m. 30 5.6 1,716 3.9 5,869 3.4 7,615 3.5 9 to 10 p.m. 19 3.6 1,603 3.6 5,866 3.4 7,488 3.5 10 to 11 p.m. 32 6.0 1,281 2.9 4,646 2.7 5,959 2.8 11 to 12 midnight 17 3.2 974 2.2 3,440 2.0 4,431 2.1 Sub-total 157 29.4 10,773 24.2 39,099 22.9 50,029 23.2 Unknown 2 0.4 240 0.5 1,136 0.7 1,378 0.6 Total 534 100.0 44,430 100.0 170,569 100.0 215,533 100.0

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 3.8: Statutory Holidays, Holiday Weekends – Persons Killed and Injured in Fatal Collisions, 2010

Statutory Number of Fatal Drivers Passengers Others Total Holiday* Collisions Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Easter Weekend 5 2 3 2 4 1 0 5 7 Victoria Day 7 2 5 4 10 2 0 8 15 Canada Day 11 11 10 3 4 0 0 14 14 Civic Holiday 8 6 2 1 3 1 0 8 5 Labour Day 5 4 1 0 1 1 0 5 2 Thanksgiving Day 8 5 3 4 6 0 0 9 9 Christmas/Boxing Day 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

* Actual length may vary depending on the calendar year. For certain holidays, it might include the whole weekend.

Table 3.9: Light Condition by Class of Collision, 2010 Class of Collision 49 Light Personal Property

Condition Fatal % Injury % Damage % Total % The Collision Daylight 299 56.0 31,731 71.4 120,844 70.8 152,874 70.9 Dawn 10 1.9 697 1.6 2,723 1.6 3,430 1.6 Dusk 12 2.2 1,342 3.0 5,261 3.1 6,615 3.1 Darkness 212 39.7 10,623 23.9 41,454 24.3 52,289 24.3 Other 1 0.2 37 0.1 287 0.2 325 0.2 Total 534 100.0 44,430 100.0 170,569 100.0 215,533 100.0

Table 3.10: Visibility by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Visibility Fatal % Injury % Damage % Total % Clear 455 85.2 36,495 82.1 136,793 80.2 173,743 80.6 Rain 42 7.9 4,636 10.4 16,741 9.8 21,419 9.9 Snow 24 4.5 2,470 5.6 13,189 7.7 15,683 7.3 Freezing Rain 4 0.7 172 0.4 803 0.5 979 0.5 Drifting Snow 0 0.0 240 0.5 1,240 0.7 1,480 0.7 Strong Wind 0 0.0 83 0.2 389 0.2 472 0.2 Fog, Mist, Smoke or Dust 7 1.3 201 0.5 891 0.5 1,099 0.5 Other 2 0.4 133 0.3 523 0.3 658 0.3 Total 534 100.0 44,430 100.0 170,569 100.0 215,533 100.0

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 3C. THE COLLISION LOCATION

Table 3.11: Road Jurisdiction by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Road Personal Property Jurisdiction Fatal Injury Damage Total Municipal (Excluding Township Road) 204 28,567 108,777 137,548 Provincial Highway 155 6,566 27,095 33,816 Township 33 1,205 5,427 6,665 County or District 79 2,151 9,408 11,638 Regional Municipality 62 5,854 19,444 25,360 Federal 1 67 347 415 Other 0 20 71 91 Total 534 44,430 170,569 215,533 50

Table 3.12: Road Jurisdiction for All Collisions, 2001–2010

Year Road Jurisdiction* 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total The Collision Municipal 136,499 143,951 149,533 149,310 139,303 139,081 132,420 144,202 137,616 137,548 1,409,463 Provincial 38,366 36,511 39,579 42,518 40,506 40,780 37,603 40,494 35,800 33,816 385,973 Township 9,844 8,678 9,602 9,146 8,144 8,189 7,819 7,636 7,295 6,665 83,018 County or District 12,847 12,692 13,773 14,200 13,929 12,852 12,144 12,018 11,444 11,638 127,537 Regional Municipality 42,464 31,659 31,628 30,731 29,195 28,864 25,760 24,343 23,622 25,360 293,626 Federal 439 354 425 423 363 392 343 380 426 415 3,960 Other 171 159 102 135 108 100 158 123 112 91 1,259 Total 240,630 234,004 244,642 246,463 231,548 230,258 216,247 229,196 216,315 215,533 2,304,836

* Collisions may not be comparable across the different years due to transfer of highways between jurisdictions.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 3.13: Collision Location by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Road Location Fatal % Injury % Damage % Total % Non-intersection 325 60.9 15,583 35.1 73,607 43.2 89,515 41.5 Intersection Related 68 12.7 11,955 26.9 43,402 25.4 55,425 25.7 At Intersection 99 18.5 12,413 27.9 31,918 18.7 44,430 20.6 At/Near Private Drive 33 6.2 4,123 9.3 20,086 11.8 24,242 11.2 At Railway 2 0.4 61 0.1 270 0.2 333 0.2 Underpass or Tunnel 1 0.2 37 0.1 153 0.1 191 0.1 Overpass or Bridge 5 0.9 160 0.4 608 0.4 773 0.4 Other 1 0.2 98 0.2 525 0.3 624 0.3 Total 534 100.0 44,430 100.0 170,569 100.0 215,533 100.0 51

Table 3.14: Road Surface Condition by Class of Collision, 2010 The Collision

Class of Collision Road Surface Personal Property Condition Fatal % Injury % Damage % Total % Dry 404 75.7 32,881 74.0 120,636 70.7 153,921 71.4 Wet 95 17.8 7,852 17.7 29,571 17.3 37,518 17.4 Loose Snow 10 1.9 1,172 2.6 6,632 3.9 7,814 3.6 Slush 5 0.9 599 1.3 3,152 1.8 3,756 1.7 Packed Snow 6 1.1 522 1.2 3,597 2.1 4,125 1.9 Ice 6 1.1 894 2.0 5,396 3.2 6,296 2.9 Mud 0 0.0 5 0.0 37 0.0 42 0.0 Loose Sand or Gravel 7 1.3 211 0.5 514 0.3 732 0.3 Spilled Liquid 0 0.0 14 0.0 26 0.0 40 0.0 Other 1 0.2 280 0.6 1,008 0.6 1,289 0.6 Total 534 100.0 44,430 100.0 170,569 100.0 215,533 100.0

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 PLACE OF COLLISION 4. PLACE OF COLLISION

This section pinpoints the location of collisions in Ontario and provides a breakdown of the various classes of collision by municipality. The location of collisions provides vital information to MTO and local road authorities about the safety of Ontario’s roads and highways. Comparing the number of collisions and injuries within specific municipalities over the years may help to highlight trends in road safety over time. This information helps MTO and local authorities to prioritize their infrastructure projects, enforcement activities, and education campaigns.

Changes to the names and boundaries of municipalities due to amalgamation or annexation may mean that the statistics found in Table 4.1 of this section are not comparable from year to year. Information on 53 population size by Ontario’s municipalities can be found at the Statistics Canada website at www.statcan.gc.ca. These figures can be used to determine per capita fatality or injury rates by munici- Place of Collision pality for comparison purposes.

Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* ONTARIO TOTAL 215,533 534 44,430 170,569 579 64,514 8,810,225 Algoma Blind River T 18 0 2 16 0 2 Elliot Lake C 52 0 9 43 0 14 Huron Shores M 0 0 0 0 0 0 Macdonald, Meredith & Aberdeen Add’l TP 4 0 1 3 0 1 Sault Ste. Marie C 1,187 2 319 866 2 447 Provincial Highway 441 3 104 334 5 169 Other Areas 234 4 46 184 4 60 Algoma Total 1,936 9 481 1,446 11 693 118,401 Brant Brantford C 1,366 2 341 1,023 3 464 Provincial Highway 220 1 48 171 1 68 Other Areas 558 6 123 429 8 197 Brant Total 2,144 9 512 1,623 12 729 96,645

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Bruce Arran-Elderslie M 57 1 10 46 1 14 Brockton M 235 0 41 194 0 55 Huron-Kinloss TP 100 1 13 86 1 21 Kincardine M 163 0 28 135 0 39 Saugeen Shores T 115 0 20 95 0 22 South Bruce Peninsula T 82 0 13 69 0 21 Provincial Highway 190 0 40 150 0 64 Other Areas 231 2 31 198 2 45 54 Bruce Total 1,173 4 196 973 4 281 71,214 Chatham-Kent Provincial Highway 134 1 31 102 2 50 Other Areas 1,179 6 251 922 7 349 Chatham-Kent Total 1,313 7 282 1,024 9 399 89,249 Cochrane Place of Collision Black River-Matheson TP 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cochrane T 53 0 8 45 0 10 Hearst T 23 0 3 20 0 4 Iroquois Falls T 21 0 4 17 0 5 Kapuskasing T 60 0 6 54 0 6 Timmins C 562 0 136 426 0 199 Provincial Highway 308 4 70 234 6 109 Other Areas 136 2 28 106 2 46 Cochrane Total 1,163 6 255 902 8 379 89,410 Dufferin Amaranth TP 83 3 15 65 3 20 East Garafraxa TP 53 0 11 42 0 19 East Luther Grand Valley TP 13 1 2 10 1 4 Melancthon TP 53 1 4 48 2 8 Mono T 98 0 14 84 0 19 Mulmur TP 76 2 17 57 2 28 Orangeville T 276 0 40 236 0 48

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Shelburne T 66 0 8 58 0 11 Provincial Highway 110 1 30 79 1 58 Other Areas 233 1 46 186 1 63 Dufferin Total 1,061 9 187 865 10 278 46,914 Durham Ajax T 900 3 221 676 3 316 Brock TP 98 1 15 82 1 23 Clarington M 535 5 110 420 5 152 Oshawa C 1,492 6 339 1,147 6 467 Pickering C 849 3 183 663 4 270 55 Scugog TP 190 1 36 153 1 42 Place of Collision Uxbridge TP 237 2 50 185 2 73 Whitby T 940 1 236 703 1 341 Provincial Highway 1,424 5 304 1,115 5 436 Other Areas 54 0 7 47 0 7 Durham Total 6,719 27 1,501 5,191 28 2,127 438,063 Elgin Aylmer T 62 0 10 52 0 12 Bayham M 95 0 15 80 0 26 Central Elgin M 157 0 27 130 0 42 Dutton-Dunwich M 52 0 4 48 0 7 Malahide TP 97 0 23 74 0 41 Southwold TP 86 1 12 73 1 14 St. Thomas C 312 0 80 232 0 121 West Elgin M 17 1 2 14 2 3 Provincial Highway 178 2 32 144 2 62 Other Areas 58 1 11 46 1 20 Elgin Total 1,114 5 216 893 6 348 75,798 Essex Amherstburg T 225 1 36 188 1 48 Essex T 235 2 44 192 2 56

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Kingsville T 145 0 28 117 0 45 Lakeshore T 82 1 13 68 1 26 LaSalle T 124 0 32 92 0 41 Leamington M 367 2 57 308 2 75 Tecumseh T 196 1 37 158 1 48 Windsor C 3,718 2 927 2,789 2 1,238 Provincial Highway 233 1 51 181 1 86 Other Areas 304 1 73 227 1 97 Essex Total 5,629 11 1,298 4,320 11 1,760 267,606 56 Frontenac Central Frontenac TP 72 0 20 52 0 25 Frontenac Islands TP 3 1 0 2 1 0 Kingston C 1,025 5 273 747 6 394 North Frontenac TP 3 0 1 2 0 1 South Frontenac TP 222 2 35 185 2 54 Place of Collision Provincial Highway 250 2 48 200 2 74 Other Areas 60 0 9 51 0 12 Frontenac Total 1,635 10 386 1,239 11 560 112,819 Grey The Blue Mountains T 41 0 5 36 0 8 Chatsworth TP 65 1 11 53 1 15 Georgian Bluffs TP 56 2 7 47 2 14 Grey Highlands M 35 0 3 32 0 11 Hanover T 93 1 14 78 1 18 Meaford M 129 0 19 110 0 29 Owen Sound C 298 1 62 235 1 94 Southgate TP 4 0 0 4 0 0 West Grey M 290 2 46 242 2 77 Provincial Highway 283 5 60 218 7 104 Other Areas 323 1 51 271 1 85 Grey Total 1,617 13 278 1,326 15 455 79,509

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Haldimand-Norfolk Provincial Highway 207 3 50 154 3 87 Other Areas 1,236 7 237 992 7 365 Haldimand-Norfolk Total 1,443 10 287 1,146 10 452 99,834 Haliburton Algonquin Highlands TP 1 0 1 0 0 1 Dysart et al TP 110 0 21 89 0 23 Highlands East M 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minden Hills TP 61 0 11 50 0 15 Provincial Highway 195 0 27 168 0 38 57 Other Areas 144 0 26 118 0 37 Place of Collision Haliburton Total 511 0 86 425 0 114 22,979 Halton Burlington C 2,144 4 366 1,774 4 478 Halton Hills T 576 1 117 458 1 157 Milton T 897 2 190 705 2 278 Oakville T 2,108 3 250 1,855 3 323 Provincial Highway 2,248 3 422 1,823 4 635 Other Areas 102 0 12 90 0 16 Halton Total 8,075 13 1,357 6,705 14 1,887 356,684 Hamilton Hamilton C 8,013 20 1,860 6,133 21 2,627 Provincial Highway 936 3 204 729 3 302 Other Areas 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hamilton Total 8,949 23 2,064 6,862 24 2,929 316,452 Hastings Bancroft T 76 0 12 64 0 20 Belleville C 966 4 181 781 4 250 Centre Hastings M 9 0 2 7 0 3 Deseronto T 14 0 3 11 0 4 Faraday TP 13 0 1 12 0 1

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Hastings Highlands M 0 0 0 0 0 0 Madoc TP 18 0 4 14 0 5 Marmora and Lake M 10 0 2 8 0 2 Stirling-Rawdon TP 19 0 6 13 0 17 Tweed M 53 0 9 44 0 9 Tyendinaga TP 66 0 16 50 0 26 Provincial Highway 531 5 108 418 5 181 Other Areas 664 1 140 523 1 191 Hastings Total 2,439 10 484 1,945 10 709 121,586 58 Huron Ashfield-Colborne-Wawanosh TP 19 0 1 18 0 2 Bluewater M 0 0 0 0 0 0 Central Huron M 17 0 2 15 0 2 Goderich T 70 0 14 56 0 20 Howick TP 56 0 8 48 0 13 Place of Collision Huron East M 18 0 3 15 0 3 Morris-Turnberry M 27 0 5 22 0 9 North Huron TP 12 0 2 10 0 4 South Huron M 0 0 0 0 0 0 Provincial Highway 132 1 24 107 1 40 Other Areas 495 4 93 398 6 137 Huron Total 846 5 152 689 7 230 53,686 Kawartha Lakes Kawartha Lakes C 613 4 140 469 4 196 Provincial Highway 166 3 49 114 3 75 Other Areas 1 0 0 1 0 0 Kawartha Lakes Total 780 7 189 584 7 271 72,799 Kenora Dryden C 134 0 10 124 0 11 Kenora C 296 0 24 272 0 32 Red Lake M 19 0 0 19 0 0

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Sioux Lookout M 42 0 5 37 0 5 Provincial Highway 765 8 93 664 11 160 Other Areas 119 0 20 99 0 27 Kenora Total 1,375 8 152 1,215 11 235 54,189 Lambton Brooke-Alvinston TP 19 0 5 14 0 6 Dawn-Euphemia TP 35 1 9 25 1 13 Enniskillen TP 54 1 7 46 1 17 Petrolia T 31 0 2 29 0 3 Plympton-Wyoming T 77 0 15 62 0 23 59 Point Edward V 20 0 4 16 0 4 Place of Collision Sarnia C 915 0 137 778 0 200 St. Clair TP 6 0 0 6 0 0 Warwick TP 40 0 11 29 0 25 Provincial Highway 218 2 41 175 2 67 Other Areas 305 2 42 261 2 62 Lambton Total 1,720 6 273 1,441 6 420 103,145 Lanark Beckwith TP 67 0 13 54 0 17 Carleton Place T 89 0 14 75 0 19 Lanark Highlands TP 100 0 12 88 0 13 Mississippi Mills T 70 0 6 64 0 9 Montague TP 37 1 2 34 1 2 Perth T 175 0 31 144 0 43 Smiths Falls ST 188 0 21 167 0 27 Tay Valley TP 1 0 0 1 0 0 Provincial Highway 130 0 18 112 0 24 Other Areas 300 1 40 259 1 56 Lanark Total 1,157 2 157 998 2 210 60,925

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Leeds & Grenville Athens TP 27 0 5 22 0 8 Augusta TP 71 0 16 55 0 24 Brockville C 384 0 52 332 0 60 Edwardsburgh/Cardinal TP 73 1 17 55 2 22 Elizabethtown-Kitley TP 106 1 11 94 1 17 Front of Yonge TP 9 0 1 8 0 2 Gananoque ST 60 0 4 56 0 4 Leeds and the Thousand Islands TP 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 Merrickville-Wolford V 32 0 4 28 0 4 North Grenville M 236 0 26 210 0 37 Prescott ST 71 0 13 58 0 15 Rideau Lakes TP 113 2 12 99 2 15 Provincial Highway 435 1 68 366 1 98 Other Areas 284 3 42 239 3 56 Place of Collision Leeds & Grenville Total 1,901 8 271 1,622 9 362 91,830 Lennox & Addington Addington Highlands TP 14 0 0 14 0 0 Greater Napanee T 214 0 30 184 0 38 Loyalist TP 103 0 28 75 0 47 Stone Mills TP 88 0 16 72 0 20 Provincial Highway 206 1 39 166 1 65 Other Areas 27 0 4 23 0 7 Lennox & Addington Total 652 1 117 534 1 177 34,398 Manitoulin Central Manitoulin M 35 0 5 30 0 7 Provincial Highway 189 2 30 157 2 38 Other Areas 95 2 17 76 2 27 Manitoulin Total 319 4 52 263 4 72 15,395

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Middlesex Adelaide-Metcalfe TP 54 2 11 41 2 17 London C 7,291 9 1,480 5,802 9 2,084 Lucan Biddulph TP 26 0 10 16 0 13 Middlesex Centre M 301 2 61 238 2 88 North Middlesex M 0 0 0 0 0 0 Southwest Middlesex M 3 0 0 3 0 0 Strathroy-Caradoc TP 260 2 49 209 2 78 Provincial Highway 479 2 76 401 2 119 Other Areas 588 3 111 474 3 169 61 Middlesex Total 9,002 20 1,798 7,184 20 2,568 292,973 Place of Collision Muskoka Bracebridge T 203 2 27 174 2 36 Georgian Bay TP 26 0 6 20 0 9 Gravenhurst T 87 0 13 74 0 18 Huntsville T 218 0 32 186 0 40 Lake Of Bays TP 18 0 3 15 0 5 Muskoka Lakes TP 100 0 20 80 0 25 Provincial Highway 526 3 87 436 3 142 Other Areas 109 0 14 95 0 21 Muskoka Total 1,287 5 202 1,080 5 296 65,660 Niagara Fort Erie T 308 1 41 266 1 58 Grimsby T 228 0 37 191 0 51 Lincoln T 209 2 36 171 2 52 Niagara Falls C 1,137 1 134 1,002 1 172 Niagara-On-The-Lake T 148 0 24 124 0 31 Pelham T 165 1 26 138 1 38 Port Colborne C 136 0 25 111 0 28 St. Catharines C 1,658 1 191 1,466 1 248 Thorold C 220 1 22 197 1 34

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Wainfleet TP 44 1 10 33 1 17 Welland C 661 3 87 571 3 112 West Lincoln TP 110 1 21 88 1 28 Provincial Highway 1,097 5 198 894 5 294 Other Areas 135 0 24 111 0 28 Niagara Total 6,256 17 876 5,363 17 1,191 323,942 Nipissing Bonfield TP 7 0 1 6 0 1 East Ferris TP 20 0 3 17 0 3 62 Mattawa T 0 0 0 0 0 0 North Bay C 677 0 138 539 0 176 West Nipissing M 77 0 11 66 0 17 Provincial Highway 674 8 123 543 11 176 Other Areas 162 0 21 141 0 38 Nipissing Total 1,617 8 297 1,312 11 398 82,900 Place of Collision Northumberland Alnwick-Haldimand TP 75 0 20 55 0 23 Brighton M 115 0 23 92 0 37 Cobourg T 233 0 45 188 0 57 Cramahe TP 36 0 7 29 0 8 Hamilton TP 84 0 16 68 0 22 Port Hope M 155 0 30 125 0 47 Trent Hills M 84 0 12 72 0 21 Provincial Highway 280 0 66 214 0 112 Other Areas 183 0 30 153 0 38 Northumberland Total 1,245 0 249 996 0 365 75,429 Ottawa Ottawa C 13,496 30 2,601 10,865 34 3,459 Provincial Highway 1,385 3 236 1,146 4 319 Other Areas 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ottawa Total 14,881 33 2,837 12,011 38 3,778 528,365

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Oxford East Zorra-Tavistock TP 47 0 10 37 0 12 Ingersoll T 106 0 22 84 0 30 Norwich TP 141 1 39 101 2 55 Tillsonburg T 138 0 18 120 0 23 Woodstock C 420 0 66 354 0 87 Zorra TP 152 4 30 118 4 47 Provincial Highway 362 2 76 284 2 124 Other Areas 310 3 48 259 3 66 Oxford Total 1,676 10 309 1,357 11 444 89,543 63 Parry Sound Place of Collision Magnetawan M 14 0 1 13 0 3 McDougall M 9 0 2 7 0 2 Nipissing TP 7 0 1 6 0 1 Parry Sound T 132 0 21 111 0 27 Perry TP 3 0 0 3 0 0 Powassan M 11 0 1 10 0 1 Provincial Highway 546 8 75 463 8 116 Other Areas 127 0 17 110 0 20 Parry Sound Total 849 8 118 723 8 170 57,036 Peel Brampton C 6,414 12 1,191 5,211 12 1,775 Caledon T 845 6 155 684 6 247 Mississauga C 8,027 15 1,345 6,667 17 1,881 Provincial Highway 3,209 10 704 2,495 11 1,035 Other Areas 342 0 20 322 0 23 Peel Total 18,837 43 3,415 15,379 46 4,961 786,690 Perth North Perth M 149 0 24 125 0 23 Perth East TP 144 0 40 104 0 27 Perth South TP 84 1 14 69 0 6

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* St. Marys ST 36 0 4 32 0 4 Stratford C 433 0 107 326 0 148 West Perth M 89 0 17 72 0 15 Provincial Highway 146 0 29 117 0 49 Other Areas 61 4 9 48 6 84 Perth Total 1,142 5 244 893 6 356 59,897 Peterborough Asphodel-Norwood TP 45 0 6 39 0 8 Cavan-Monaghan TP 80 0 21 59 0 30 64 Douro-Dummer TP 75 1 18 56 1 36 Galway-Cavendish-Harvey TP 71 1 6 64 1 8 Havelock-Belmont-Methuen TP 33 1 4 28 1 5 North Kawartha TP 26 0 6 20 0 8 Otonabee-South Monaghan TP 65 1 19 45 1 46 Peterborough C 824 4 388 432 4 518 Place of Collision Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield TP 239 0 49 190 0 65 Provincial Highway 237 5 50 182 5 85 Other Areas 44 0 5 39 0 8 Peterborough Total 1,739 13 572 1,154 13 817 111,422 Prescott & Russell Alfred and Plantagenet TP 130 0 37 93 0 64 Casselman V 50 0 11 39 0 11 Clarence-Rockland C 231 1 43 187 1 65 East Hawkesbury TP 33 0 8 25 0 12 Hawkesbury T 181 1 36 144 1 45 The Nation M 187 1 36 150 1 50 Russell TP 59 1 9 49 1 16 Provincial Highway 175 0 38 137 0 50 Other Areas 153 0 28 125 0 37 Prescott & Russell Total 1,199 4 246 949 4 350 88,695

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Prince Edward Provincial Highway 30 1 8 21 1 18 Other Areas 389 4 76 309 4 102 Prince Edward Total 419 5 84 330 5 120 24,161 Rainy River Atikokan T 10 0 0 10 0 0 Fort Frances T 132 0 16 116 0 16 Provincial Highway 280 0 32 248 0 41 Other Areas 74 0 11 63 0 15 Rainy River Total 496 0 59 437 0 72 23,867 65 Renfrew Place of Collision Admaston-Bromley TP 25 0 6 19 0 8 Arnprior T 83 0 16 67 0 21 Bonnechere Valley TP 1 0 1 0 0 1 Brudenell, Lyndoch and Raglan TP 16 0 4 12 0 2 Deep River T 20 0 3 17 0 4 Greater Madawaska TP 0 0 0 0 0 0 Horton TP 28 0 5 23 0 5 Laurentian Hills T 32 0 3 29 0 4 Laurentian Valley TP 105 2 23 80 2 36 Madawaska Valley TP 1 0 0 1 0 0 McNab-Braeside TP 53 0 8 45 0 9 North Algona Wilberforce TP 16 0 2 14 0 2 Pembroke C 233 0 39 194 0 50 Petawawa T 113 1 26 86 1 40 Renfrew T 225 0 41 184 0 53 Whitewater Region TP 1 0 1 0 0 1 Provincial Highway 459 5 94 360 6 153 Other Areas 289 0 48 241 0 66 Renfrew Total 1,700 8 320 1,372 9 455 101,344

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Simcoe Adjala-Tosorontio TP 122 0 18 104 0 31 Barrie C 2,119 2 341 1,776 2 470 Bradford West Gwillimbury T 407 0 58 349 0 84 Clearview TP 299 1 41 257 3 72 Collingwood T 254 0 42 212 0 48 Essa TP 201 0 40 161 0 56 Innisfil T 335 0 67 268 0 96 Midland T 219 1 40 178 2 62 66 New Tecumseth T 290 0 55 235 0 69 Orillia C 320 1 60 259 1 77 Oro-Medonte TP 31 1 5 25 1 5 Penetanguishene T 55 0 12 43 0 19 Ramara TP 73 1 19 53 1 24 Severn TP 98 0 21 77 0 30 Place of Collision Tay TP 90 1 20 69 1 31 Tiny TP 115 0 19 96 0 31 Wasaga Beach T 172 0 40 132 0 56 Provincial Highway 1,638 6 336 1,296 6 568 Other Areas 407 2 87 318 2 120 Simcoe Total 7,245 16 1,321 5,908 19 1,949 369,934 Stormont, Dundas & Glengarry Cornwall C 803 0 136 667 0 187 North Dundas TP 5 0 0 5 0 0 North Glengarry TP 273 5 58 210 6 74 North Stormont TP 161 1 23 137 1 29 South Dundas TP 9 0 2 7 0 3 South Glengarry TP 5 0 0 5 0 0 South Stormont TP 41 0 9 32 0 10 Provincial Highway 329 2 61 266 2 88 Other Areas 75 0 5 70 0 7 Stormont, Dundas & Glengarry Total 1,701 8 294 1,399 9 398 95,445

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Sudbury Chapleau TP 12 0 2 10 0 2 Espanola T 38 0 5 33 0 7 French River M 0 0 0 0 0 0 Greater Sudbury C 2,271 4 410 1,857 4 603 Markstay-Warren M 8 0 0 8 0 0 Provincial Highway 638 9 167 462 10 261 Other Areas 157 0 46 111 0 75 Sudbury Total 3,124 13 630 2,481 14 948 188,726 Thunder Bay 67 Greenstone M 4 0 0 4 0 0 Place of Collision Manitouwadge TP 4 0 1 3 0 1 Marathon T 7 0 1 6 0 1 Neebing M 8 0 1 7 0 2 Nipigon TP 10 0 1 9 0 1 Oliver Paipoonge M 24 0 4 20 0 6 Shuniah M 22 0 3 19 0 4 Terrace Bay TP 3 0 0 3 0 0 Thunder Bay C 2,050 3 362 1,685 3 516 Provincial Highway 936 8 161 767 8 258 Other Areas 108 0 9 99 0 10 Thunder Bay Total 3,176 11 543 2,622 11 799 141,500 Timiskaming Englehart T 10 0 1 9 0 1 Kirkland Lake T 65 0 13 52 0 18 Temiskaming Shores C 110 0 13 97 0 15 Provincial Highway 265 5 56 204 5 88 Other Areas 81 2 17 62 2 22 Timiskaming Total 531 7 100 424 7 144 38,633

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* Toronto Toronto C 47,102 40 11,648 35,414 41 17,705 Provincial Highway 6,870 7 1,285 5,578 7 1,981 Other Areas 0 0 0 0 0 0 Toronto Total 53,972 47 12,933 40,992 48 19,686 1,140,376 Waterloo Cambridge C 1,996 3 422 1,571 3 591 Kitchener C 3,455 2 765 2,688 2 1,022 North Dumfries TP 117 0 29 88 0 51 68 Waterloo C 1775 3 363 1409 3 493 Wellesley TP 33 0 8 25 0 10 Wilmot TP 192 3 37 152 3 58 Woolwich TP 390 3 65 322 3 84 Provincial Highway 982 2 206 774 2 305 Other Areas 55 0 8 47 0 15 Place of Collision Waterloo Total 8,995 16 1,903 7,076 16 2,629 349,634 Wellington Centre Wellington TP 258 0 42 216 0 49 Erin T 112 2 22 88 2 35 Guelph C 1,352 2 501 849 2 724 Guelph/Eramosa TP 191 1 33 157 1 52 Mapleton TP 192 1 32 159 1 51 Minto T 64 0 16 48 0 24 Puslinch TP 165 1 39 125 1 53 Wellington North TP 95 1 10 84 1 13 Provincial Highway 624 4 138 482 5 211 Other Areas 106 0 19 87 0 23 Wellington Total 3,159 12 852 2,295 13 1,235 158,391

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 4.1: Place of Collision – Class of Collision, Persons Killed, Injured and Motor Vehicle Registrations, 2010 (continued)

Class of Collision Persons Total Personal Property Motor Vehicle Place of Collision Collisions Fatal Injury Damage Killed Injured Registrations* York Aurora T 498 0 83 415 0 102 East Gwillimbury T 404 3 87 314 3 111 Georgina T 386 0 66 320 0 87 King TP 338 2 64 272 3 95 Markham T 3657 3 801 2853 3 1,179 Newmarket T 813 1 137 675 1 169 Richmond Hill T 2525 2 480 2043 2 682 Vaughan C 4954 3 910 4041 3 1,311 69 Whitchurch Stouffville T 291 1 75 215 1 118 Provincial Highway 1,520 3 273 1,244 3 430 Other Areas 228 0 19 209 0 24 York Total 15,614 18 2,995 12,601 19 4,308 715,294

* This number does not match the vehicle population in Table 5.5; it does not include 10,838 registered vehicles that are not associated with a county or region in Ontario. Legend:

Place of Collision C = City T = Town TP = Township M = Municipality ST = Separated Town V = Village Other Areas: Includes jurisdictions with less than 1,500 population and/or experienced amalgamations/annexation, or name change after 1992. Table 4.1 is not comparable to previous years.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 THE VEHICLE 5. THE VEHICLE

This section examines vehicles involved in motor vehicle collisions in Ontario. In 2010, passenger vehicles made up nearly 75 per cent of the vehicle population in Ontario; however, they also represented about 72 per cent of all vehicles involved in collisions.

Only about 1.4 per cent of all motor vehicles involved in collisions had apparent mechanical defects.

Figure 5 Vehicle Population by Vehicle Class in Ontario, 2010

71 The Vehicle

Motorcycle, 2.4%

Commercial, 14.6% Passenger, 74.3%

Motorized Snow Vehicle, 3.5%

Off-Road Vehicle, 4.1%

Other, 1.1%

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 5A. VEHICLES IN COLLISIONS

Table 5.1: Vehicles Involved in Collisions by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Type of Vehicle Fatal Injury Damage Total Passenger Car 479 61,047 228,594 290,120 Passenger Van 65 6,540 23,592 30,197 Motorcycle & Moped 57 1,750 937 2,744 Pick-up Truck 117 6,086 26,197 32,400 Delivery Van 6 966 4,176 5,148 Tow Truck 6 130 456 592 Truck 106 2,227 11,756 14,089 Bus 10 886 2,720 3,616 72 School Vehicle 2 189 1,083 1,274 Off-Road Vehicle 1 41 54 96 Snowmobile 2 13 26 41 Snow Plow 1 6 98 105 Emergency Vehicle 3 318 1,396 1,717

The Vehicle The Farm Vehicle 2 49 149 200 Construction Equipment 0 31 215 246 Motor Home 0 20 96 116 Railway Train 3 15 21 39 Street Car 3 106 373 482 Bicycle 18 2,637 613 3,268 Other 0 1 3 4 Other Non-Motor Vehicle 0 168 1,009 1,177 Unknown 4 684 12,461 13,149 Total 885 83,910 316,025 400,820

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 5.2: Condition of Vehicle by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Condition of Vehicle Fatal Injury Damage Total No Apparent Defect 872 80,162 282,404 363,438 Service Brakes Defective 0 61 164 225 Steering Defective 0 21 47 68 Tire Puncture or Blow Out 0 44 107 151 Tire Tread Insufficient 0 10 61 71 Headlamps Defective 0 2 26 28 Other Lamps or Reflectors Defective 0 6 13 19 Engine Controls Defective 0 13 32 45 Wheels or Suspension Defective 0 11 22 33 Vision Obscured 0 16 45 61 73 Trailer Hitch Defective 0 1 5 6

Other Defects 5 442 4,381 4,828 The Vehicle Unknown 8 3,121 28,718 31,847 Total 885 83,910 316,025 400,820

Table 5.3: Model Year of Vehicle by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Model Year of Vehicle Fatal Injury Damage Total 2011 2 305 1,367 1,674 2010 32 3,960 17,417 21,409 2009 39 4,905 20,789 25,733 2008 48 5,653 23,617 29,318 2007 66 6,199 24,758 31,023 2006 76 5,835 23,662 29,573 2005 76 6,243 23,567 29,886 2004 66 5,361 20,673 26,100 2003 60 6,103 22,616 28,779 2002 66 5,762 20,802 26,630 2001 and earlier 325 28,719 97,712 126,756 Unknown 29 4,865 19,045 23,939 Total 885 83,910 316,025 400,820

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 5.4: Insurance Status of Vehicle by Class of Collision, 2010

Class of Collision Personal Property Insurance Fatal Injury Damage Total Insured 800 78,721 297,161 376,682 Not Insured 11 738 1,338 2,087 Unknown 74 4,451 17,526 22,051 Total 885 83,910 316,025 400,820

5B. PUTTING THE VEHICLE IN CONTEXT

Table 5.5: Vehicle Population by Type of Vehicle, 2010

Vehicle Class Vehicle Population Passenger 6,547,976 74 Motorcycle 211,536 Moped 1,256 Commercial* 1,276,468 Bus 23,628

The Vehicle The School Bus 9,327 Motorized Snow Vehicle 310,525 Off-Road Vehicle 358,835 Road Building Machinery 425 Permanent Apparatus 2,777 Farm Trucks 67,472 Total 8,810,225

* Excludes vehicles registered under the PRORATE-P program (61,178 vehicles)

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010

Total 1,256 32,955 211,536 310,525 358,835 6,547,976 1,347,142 8,810,225

and 710 earlier 10,694 86,058 545,109 235,887 172,768 2001 2,192,880

3,244,106

61 2002 1,689 9,480 11,147 73,661 16,458 464,028 576,524

33 2003 2,101 8,720 14,561 88,105 20,486 493,159 627,165

66 2004 2,760 8,603

12,271 84,251 25,288 419,574 552,813

75 251 2005 2,278 8,506 The Vehicle 13,941 86,987 23,740 486,490 622,193 Vehicle damaged to the extent that repairs would not be feasible. that repairs would damaged to the extent Vehicle Unsafe conditions result from damage. Vehicle must be repaired to must Vehicle conditions result from damage. Unsafe Vehicle cannot be driven. Requires towing. Would normally be repaired. Would Requires towing. cannot be driven. Vehicle

No visible damage. No visible Slight or superficial damage. Includes scratches, small dents, minor cracks minor cracks small dents, Includes scratches, Slight or superficial damage. 85 2006 2,929 9,109 16,425 89,912 23,770 Demolished: Demolished: Moderate: off road or can be driven Vehicle its condition meet requirements of law. make be unsafe. doing so would limited distance but Severe: Light: of vehicle. or performance safety in glass that do not affect Vehicle Damage Vehicle None: 475,923 618,153

Model Year 21 Total 26,389 45,202 14,855 37,090 2007 2,066 8,318 159,616 117,668 400,820 17,406 97,132 26,772 502,693 654,408

12 age 5,853 2008 2,254 6,138 18,381 94,697 27,553 32,575 17,981 91,184 22,422 Dam 136,966 316,025 486,564 Property 626,555

9

2009 2,985 7,215 15,712 17,345 72,550 ollision 433,943 549,759 7,966 8,517 4,479 Injury 22,567 22,880 17,501 83,910 ersonal P

8 Class of C

2010 5,492 2,207 5,686 7,678 96,148 488,811 606,030

42 83 91 36 148 485 885

Fatal 0 542 992 2011 2,863 2,108 22,103 103,911 132,519

Damage Table 5.6: Selected Types of Vehicles by Model Year, 2010 Table 5.6: Selected Types of Vehicles by Model Year, Class Vehicle Passenger Motorcycle Vehicle Moped Commercial* Snow Bus Vehicle Motorized Off-Road Total program (61,178vehicles) * Excludes vehicles registered under the PRORATE-P Level by Class of Collision, 2010 Table 5.7: Vehicle Damage None Light Moderate Severe Demolished Unknown Total

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 SPECIAL VEHICLES 6. SPECIAL VEHICLES

This section examines vehicles of special interest, including motorcycles, school buses, large trucks, snowmobiles, off-road vehicles and bicycles.

The ministry is continuously monitoring the safety of special vehicle types as many fatalities and injuries result from collisions that occur off road and involve off-road vehicles and snowmobiles. Safety of some other vehicle types such as bicyclists, motorcyclists, school buses or large trucks is always at the centre of public scrutiny.

6A. MOTORCYCLES Table 6.1: Motorcyclists* Killed and Injured, 2001–2010 77

Drivers Passengers Special Vehicles Year Killed Injured Killed Injured 2001 49 1,166 3 318 2002 35 1,161 3 311 2003 46 1,087 6 268 2004 44 1,107 3 297 2005 68 1,206 6 362 2006 48 1,219 5 352 2007 48 1,274 4 399 2008 50 1,199 3 366 2009 38 1,236 1 425 2010 45 1,230 2 462

* Excludes hangers on, moped drivers and passengers.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 6.2: Selected Factors Relevant to Fatal Motorcycle Collisions, 2010

Factors (not mutually exclusive) % Unlicensed Motorcycle Drivers 2.2 Under 25 Years Old 13.2 Alcohol Used Ability Impaired Alcohol > 0.08 14 Had Been Drinking 7.0 Unknown 4.4 Helmet Not Worn (Fatalities) 2.4 Motorcycle Driver Error Speed Too Fast/Lost Control 54.5 Other Error 15.9 Single Vehicle Collisions 37.8 78 Day/Night 77/22 Weekend 40.1

6B. SCHOOL VEHICLES

Table 6.3: Pupils Transported Daily, Total Number of School Vehicles Involved in Collisions – School Years

Special Vehicles Special 2005/2006–2009/2010

Number of School School Year Pupils Transported Daily Vehicles in Collisions 2005/2006 847,205 1,101 2006/2007 838,326 1,186 2007/2008 787,580 1,306 2008/2009 817,888 1,292 2009/2010 818,190 1,059

Table 6.4: School Vehicle Type by Nature of Collision, School Year 2009/2010

Nature of Collision Total Pupil Non-Pupil Property Number of Five Year Total School Vehicle Type Fatal Injury Injury Damage Collisions (2005/2006 –2009/2010) School Bus 2 63 77 840 982 5,547 School Van 0 5 2 34 41 219 Other School Vehicles 0 3 4 29 36 176 Total 2 71 83 903 1,059 5,944

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 6.5: Pupil Injury by Collision Event and Vehicle Type, 2009/2010 (Number of Persons)

Collision Event Five Year Total Within (2005/2006 – School Vehicle Type Crossing Road School Vehicle Other Total 2009/2010) Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured School Bus 0 0 0 67 0 8 0 75 2 548 School Van 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 20 Other School Vehicles 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 6 Total 0 0 0 68 0 10 0 78 2 574

6C. LARGE TRUCKS

Table 6.6: Number of Persons Killed in Collisions Involving Large Trucks, 2006–2010 Persons Killed in Truck Collisions 79 Where Truck Driver % Where Truck Driver All Truck % of Total Year Not Driving Properly Not Driving Properly Collisions Deaths Special Vehicles 2006 47 32.9 143 18.6 2007 56 32.9 170 22.2 2008 47 36.2 130 20.6 2009 27 27.3 99 17.6 2010 30 27.5 109 18.8 Total 207 31.8 651 19.7

Table 6.7: Number of Large Trucks in All Classes of Collisions, 2010

Class of Collision Truck Types Fatal Personal Injury Property Damage Total Straight Truck 31 1,023 5,444 6,498 Straight Truck & Trailer 2 92 351 445 Tractor Only 19 397 2,553 2,969 Tractor & Semi-Trailer 47 654 2,959 3,660 “A-C” Train Double 0 17 55 72 “B” Train Double 4 24 69 97 Other/Unknown 9 150 781 940 Total 112 2,357 12,212 14,681

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 6.8: Registered Trucks, 2010 Table 6.9: Selected Factors Relevant to Fatal Large Truck Collisions, 2010 Driver Licence Registered Required Trucks Factors in Fatal Collisions % G 1,147,376 Drivers D 77,139 Alcohol Involved 1 A* 183,805** Driving Properly 67 Total 1,408,320 Collisions * Tractor/trailer combination only. Single Vehicle 22 ** Includes vehicles registered under the PRORATE-P program (61,178 vehicles). Weather Condition – Clear 86 Daylight 67 Vehicles Vehicle Defect Present* 0

* Excludes unknown category. 80 6D. OFF-ROAD VEHICLES

Table 6.10: Drivers of Off-Road Vehicles Killed and Injured by Collision Location*, 2006–2010

Killed Injured Location 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Special Vehicles Special On-Highway 11 16 10 15 9 131 141 136 142 129 Off-Highway 8 8 7 7 8 119 117 105 130 124 Total 19 24 17 22 17 250 258 241 272 253

* Beginning with the 2004 ORSAR edition, the ORV statistics include casualties of all “on-highway” and “off-highway” collisions, and not only HTA reportable collisions. As a result, provided statistics are not comparable with the statistics provided in earlier editions of ORSAR.

Table 6.11a: Passengers of Off-Road Vehicles Killed and Injured, by Collision Location*, 2006 – 2010

Killed Injured Location 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 On-Highway 0 1 3 1 2 91 89 91 101 126 Off-Highway 0 3 0 1 0 54 54 66 79 37 Total 0 4 3 2 2 145 143 157 180 163

* Beginning with the 2004 ORSAR edition, the ORV statistics include casualties of all “on-highway” and “off-highway” collisions, and not only HTA reportable collisions. As a result, provided statistics are not comparable with the statistics provided in earlier editions of ORSAR.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 6.11b: Pedestrians Killed and Injured by Off-Road Vehicles, by Collision Location*, 2006 – 2010

Killed Injured Location 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 On-Highway 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 4 5 4 Off-Highway 0 0 0 0 0 6 3 2 3 4 Total 0 0 0 0 0 11 4 6 8 8

* Beginning with the 2004 ORSAR edition, the ORV statistics include casualties of all “on-highway” and “off-highway” collisions, and not only HTA reportable collisions. As a result, provided statistics are not comparable with the statistics provided in earlier editions of ORSAR.

Table 6.12: Registered Off-Road Vehicles, 2006–2010 Table 6.13: Selected Factors Relevant to All Off-Road Vehicle Collisions, 2010 Year Vehicles Registered 2006 276,800 Factors % 2007 299,849 Drivers Under 25 Years of Age 45 2008 324,099 Alcohol Used 28 81 2009 341,811 Speeding 19 Special Vehicles 2010 358,835 Helmet Not Worn 33 Daytime 75 Two-Wheeled 19 Three-Wheeled 3 Four-Wheeled 78

6E. MOTORIZED SNOW VEHICLES

Table 6.14: Drivers of Motorized Snow Vehicles* Killed and Injured by Collision Location – Riding Seasons 2005/2006–2009/2010

Killed Injured Location 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 On-Highway 6 4 4 7 6 48 46 56 51 31 Off-Highway 22 10 17 17 17 119 100 140 98 130 Total 28 14 21 24 23 167 146 196 149 161

* Beginning with the 2004 ORSAR edition, the MSV statistics include casualties of all “on-highway” and “off-highway” collisions, and not only HTA reportable collisions. As a result, provided statistics are not comparable with the statistics provided in earlier editions of ORSAR.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 6.15a: Passengers of Motorized Snow Vehicles* Killed and Injured by Collision Location – Riding Seasons 2005/2006–2009/2010

Killed Injured Location 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 On-Highway 0 0 1 1 0 27 12 24 26 8 Off-Highway 2 1 2 2 4 61 42 66 52 24 Total 2 1 3 3 4 88 54 91 78 32

* Beginning with the 2004 ORSAR edition, the MSV statistics include casualties of all “on-highway” and “off-highway” collisions, and not only HTA reportable collisions. As a result, provided statistics are not comparable with the statistics provided in earlier editions of ORSAR.

Table 6.15b: Pedestrians Killed and Injured by Motorized Snow Vehicles* by Collision Location – Riding Seasons 2005/2006–2009/2010

Killed Injured 82 Location 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 On-Highway 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 5 7 2 Off-Highway 0 2 0 0 0 7 1 3 3 2 Total 0 2 0 0 0 9 2 8 10 4

* Beginning with the 2004 ORSAR edition, the MSV statistics include casualties of all “on-highway” and “off-highway” collisions, and not only HTA reportable collisions. As a result, provided statistics are not comparable with the statistics provided in earlier editions of ORSAR. Special Vehicles Special

Table 6.16: Registered Motorized Snow Vehicles, Table 6.17: Selected Factors Relevant to All Motorized 2006–2010 Snow Vehicle Collisions, Riding Season 2009/2010 Year Registered Motorized Snow Vehicles Factors % 2006 306,479 Unlicensed Operators 4 2007 310,798 Rider Error; Speed too Fast 28 2008 315,735 Alcohol Used 19 2009 316,562 Surface Condition; Icy or Packed Snow 65 2010 310,525

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 6F. BICYCLES

Note: The following three tables consider bicycles involved in HTA reportable* collisions only.

Table 6.18: Bicyclists* Killed and Injured, 2006–2010

Drivers Passengers Year Killed Injured Killed Injured 2006 32 2,094 0 401 2007 19 2,126 1 394 2008 12 2,015 0 338 2009 13 1,947 0 443 2010 17 2,087 1 422

* Includes hangers on

Table 6.19: Age of Bicyclists Involved in Collisions by Light Condition, 2010 83 Age Groups Special Vehicles Light Condition 0–5 6–15 16–30 31–60 61+ UK* Total Daylight 0 27 340 391 58 1,848 2,664 Dawn 0 0 4 6 1 26 37 Dusk 0 0 13 15 1 71 100 Dark 0 0 60 57 1 349 467 Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unknown 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 27 417 469 61 2,294 3,268

* UK = Unknown

Table 6.20: Selected Factors Relevant to All Bicycle Collisions, 2010

Factors % Driving Properly (Bicyclist) 47 Driving Properly (Motor Vehicle Driver) 48 Intersection Related 68 Going Ahead (Bicyclist) 87 Alcohol Related (Bicyclist) 4 No Apparent Vehicle Defect (Bicycle) 97 Clear Visibility 92 Weekend 18

* Involves at least one motor vehicle

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 CONVICTION, OFFENCE AND SUSPENSION DATA 7. CONVICTION, OFFENCE AND SUSPENSION DATA

This section presents conviction, offence and suspension data related to motor vehicle use in Ontario. Convictions are summarized by legislation and conviction type.

In 2010, nearly 90 per cent of motor vehicle convictions were related to Highway Traffic Act (HTA) offences and 1.4 per cent were related to the Criminal Code of Canada (e.g., drinking and driving, dangerous driving, fail to remain).

In the last several years, the number of Administrative Drivers Licence Suspensions (ADLS) for drink- ing and driving has dropped from about 17,000 to around 16,000 occurrences annually. 85 Conviction, Offence and Suspension Data

Figure 7 Motor Vehicle Convictions in Ontario by Type, 2010

Criminal Code of Canada, 1.4% Highway Traffic Act (HTA), 88.7%

Motor Vehicle Collision Claim/ Compulsory Insurance Act, 6.7% Regulations under the HTA, 0.9%

Out of Province Exchange (HTA), 1.9%

Others, 0.4%

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 7A. CONVICTION DATA

Table 7.1: Summary of Motor Vehicle Related Convictions, 2010

Convictions* Number Highway Traffic Act (HTA) 1,297,137 Regulations under the HTA 12,741 Criminal Code of Canada** 21,093 Municipal By-Law*** 1 Motor Vehicle Collision Claim/Compulsory Insurance Act 97,736 Motorized Snow Vehicles Act 2,054 Off-Road Vehicles Act 1,899 Out of Province Exchange (HTA) 27,493 Others**** 2,074 Total 1,462,228 86 * Includes manually recorded convictions. ** This figure does not include 782 convictions for young offenders under the Criminal Code. *** In previous years a large portion of convictions under HTA Regulations were allocated to convictions under Municipal By-Law. **** Others may include Acts not listed above, such as Motor Vehicle Safety Act.

Table 7.2: Motor Vehicle Convictions Related to the Highway Traffic Act, 2010

Convictions Number Equipment 23,058 Administrative* 203,735 Seat Belt (Driver & Passenger)** 33,285 Other Non-Pointable Convictions *** 126,530 Speeding 755,148

Conviction, Offence and Suspension Data Offence Conviction, Other Pointable Convictions (2 - 4 pts) 128,091 Other Pointable Convictions (5 - 7 pts) 11,665 Driving While Suspended 15,625 Total 1,297,137

* Non-moving, weight, vehicle registration, licence renewal, etc. ** Failure to wear seat belt convictions registered against passengers over 16 are no longer included. *** Now includes some out-of-province convictions.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 7.3: Motor Vehicle Convictions Related to the Criminal Code, 2010*

Convictions Number Alcohol Related** 16,926 Criminal Negligence 13 Fail to Remain at Collision 457 Fail to Stop for Police Officer 450 Driving While Disqualified 2,141 Dangerous Driving 1,105 Motor Manslaughter 1 Total 21,093

* Does not include 782 convictions for young offenders. ** Includes some out-of-province convictions.

7B. OFFENCE DATA 87 Table 7.4: Number of Driver* Convictions for Criminal Code of Canada Offences**, 2001–2010 Conviction, Offence and Suspension Data Conviction Type 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Criminal Negligence 31 26 23 13 18 15 18 12 7 2 Fail to Remain 626 624 579 566 502 524 538 515 395 254 Dangerous Driving 1,161 1,107 1,165 1,124 1,281 1,348 1,288 1,287 1,069 560 Impaired Driving 8,878 8,200 7,357 6,678 6,575 6,620 6,791 6,959 6,483 4,799 Blood/Alcohol over .08 7,205 6,488 5,674 5,381 5,296 5,022 5,389 5,860 5,894 4,645 Fail to Provide Breath Sample 1,372 1,227 1,163 1,057 1,009 1,029 1,044 1,034 992 692 Driving While Disqualified 1,825 1,783 1,819 1,806 1,809 1,847 1,832 1,904 1,914 1,480 Motor Manslaughter 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 2 0 1 Undefined 214 423 477 425 446 506 470 506 441 269 Total 21,312 19,878 18,257 17,050 16,937 16,912 17,373 18,079 17,195 12,702

*The same driver may be represented in this table more than once. ** Includes offences and registered convictions that occurred in the same year.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Table 7.5: Administrative Driver Licence Suspensions, Monthly Suspensions Issued, 2001–2010

Suspensions 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 January 1,500 1,416 1,349 1,203 1,330 1,228 1,210 1,183 1,368 1,298 February 1,450 1,452 1,391 1,501 1,330 1,197 1,206 1,259 1,401 1,140 March 1,874 1,683 1,566 1,400 1,424 1,317 1,410 1,438 1,502 1,252 April 1,816 1,574 1,412 1,494 1,393 1,340 1,375 1,297 1,391 1,363 May 1,752 1,756 1,578 1,528 1,468 1,247 1,430 1,472 1,533 1,486 June 1,768 1,811 1,608 1,391 1,366 1,307 1,456 1,547 1,373 1,296 July 1,795 1,712 1,589 1,483 1,531 1,452 1,480 1,533 1,489 1,454 August 1,699 1,675 1,639 1,476 1,317 1,399 1,455 1,686 1,482 1,400 September 1,837 1,720 1,498 1,385 1,386 1,396 1,517 1,536 1,458 1,360 October 1,691 1,671 1,568 1,555 1,450 1,487 1,444 1,673 1,412 1,416 November 1,790 1,668 1,591 1,377 1,315 1,412 1,392 1,556 1,656 1,344 88 December 1,986 1,792 1,578 1,468 1,645 1,709 1,533 1,463 1,374 1,411 Total 20,958 19,930 18,367 17,261 16,955 16,491 16,908 17,643 17,439 16,220

7C. SUSPENSION DATA

Table 7.6: Demerit Point Suspensions by Driver Age, 2010

Demerit Point Suspensions Novice Novice Regular Regular First Second First Second Driver Age Accumulation Accumulation Accumulation Accumulation 16 0 0 0 0 17 5 0 0 0 Conviction, Offence and Suspension Data Offence Conviction, 18 95 4 2 0 19 256 8 4 0 20-24 1,043 96 208 16 25-34 531 69 345 35 35-44 158 19 198 17 45-54 75 10 109 7 55-64 23 3 39 6 65-74 9 0 17 0 75 + 0 0 6 0 Total 2,195 209 928 81

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 8. APPENDIX

8A. GLOSSARY

Ability Impaired Alcohol: Driver had consumed a sufficient amount of alcohol to warrant being charged with a drinking and driving offence.

Ability Impaired – Alcohol over 0.08: Ability Impaired, Alcohol: Driver had consumed alcohol and upon testing was found to have a blood-alcohol level in excess of 80 milligrams per 100 millilitres of blood.

Administrative Driver’s Licence Suspension (ADLS): This program, designed to reduce drinking and driving, started November 29, 1996. Under this program, provincial law permits the immediate suspension of a driver’s licence for 90 days upon evidence gathered by a police officer that the driver (a) was shown to have a concentration of alcohol in excess of 80 milligrams per 100 millilitres of blood or (b) the driver failed or refused to provide a breath or blood sample. 89 Alcohol Involved: Appendix This category includes drivers reported as “Had Been Drinking”, with “BAC > 80 mg/100mL” or with “Ability Impaired by Alcohol”.

Class G1 Driver’s Licence: A holder of a Class G1 driver’s licence:

n must have a zero blood alcohol concentration while driving; n m ust have an accompanying driver who is a fully licensed driver (Class A, B, C, D, E, F or G) with at least four years driving experience and has a blood alcohol concentration less than 0.05; n the accompanying driver must be the only passenger in the front seat with the G1 driver; n unless accompanied by a licensed driving instructor, must not drive on Ontario’s “400- series” highways or on high speed expressways such as the Queen Elizabeth Way, the Don Valley Parkway, E.C. Row Expressway and the Conestoga Parkway; n must ensure the number of passengers in the vehicle is limited to the number of working seat belts; n must not drive between the hours of midnight and 5 a.m.; n may drive a Class G vehicle only.

The G1 licence period lasts at minimum 12 months. It can be reduced to eight months by success- fully completing an approved driver education course. For information about approved courses, call ServiceOntario at 1-800-268-4686. At the end of the G1 licence period, drivers must pass a road test before proceeding to the G2 licence period.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Class G2 Driver’s Licence: A holder of a Class G2 driver’s licence:

n must have a zero blood alcohol concentration while driving; n is allowed to drive any motor vehicle that requires a Class G driver’s licence on the road; n must ensure the number of passengers in the vehicle is limited to the number of working seat belts; n f or the first six months, G2 drivers aged 19 and under cannot carry more than one passenger aged 19 and under between midnight and 5 a.m. n after the first six months, G2 drivers aged 19 and under cannot carry more than three passengers aged 19 and under between midnight and 5 a.m.*

The G2 licence period lasts at minimum 12 months. After completing, drivers are eligible to take a comprehensive test to qualify for full licence privileges.

Class M1 Motorcycle Driver’s Licence: 90 A holder of a Class M1 motorcycle driver’s licence:

n to operate motorcycle, limited-speed motorcycle (motor scooter) or motor- assisted bicycle (moped) for the purposes of training; n must have a zero blood alcohol content while driving; Appendix n is only allowed to drive during daylight hours (one-half hour before sunrise to one-half hour after sunset); n must not ride on highways with speed limits of more than 80 km/h except highways 11, 17, 61, 69, 71, 101, 102, 144, 655; n must not carry passengers.

The M1 licence period lasts at least 60 days, and the licence is valid for 90 days. M1 drivers must pass the M1 road test before proceeding to the M2 licence period. Alternatively, during the M1 period, they may take an approved motorcycle or motor scooter safety course that includes a road test, instead of the ministry road test.

Class M2 Motorcycle Driver’s Licence: A holder of a Class M2 motorcycle driver’s licence:

n must have a zero blood alcohol concentration while driving.

After completing the M2 licence period, drivers will be eligible to take a comprehensive test to qualify for full licence privileges. Drivers may take an approved M2 Exit motorcycle safety course that includes a road test, instead of the ministry road test.

Class M2/M with L Condition: A Class M2 or M with L Condition is a motorcycle licence that restricts the licence holder to operating mopeds or limited-speed motorcycles.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Conviction: Registered when a person pleads guilty to, or is found guilty of, an offence related to a motor vehicle under any Act of the Ontario Legislature or its accompanying regulations, under the Parliament of Canada or any accompanying order, or under any municipal by-law.

Driver: Unless specified otherwise, any person, whether licensed or not, considered to be in care and control of a vehicle at the time of a collision.

Fatal Collision: A motor vehicle collision in which at least one person sustains bodily injuries resulting in death. Prior to January 1, 1982, fatal collision statistics included deaths attributed to injuries sustained in the collision, for up to one year after the collision. Since that date, only deaths occurring within 30 days of the collision have been included. Had Been Drinking: 91 Driving after having consumed an amount of alcohol not considered sufficient to be legally impaired or with a measured blood alcohol count of greater than zero but less than 80 milligrams Appendix per 100 millilitres of blood. As of May 1, 2009, a blood alcohol concentration from 0.05 to 0.08 results in a 3, 7, or 30-day roadside driver’s licence suspension for first, second, or third-time occurrences, respectively. Immediately prior to that date, a blood alcohol concentration from 0.05 to 0.08 resulted in a 12-hour suspension.

Hanger-on: Hangers-on are persons hanging onto a moving motor vehicle’s fenders, bumpers, doors or other parts of the vehicle and not located inside; for example, someone riding in back of a pick-up is not a hanger-on.

Highway: A common and public highway, street, avenue etc., any part of which is intended for public use or used by the general public for the passage of vehicles, and including the area between the property lines.

Kilometres Travelled: Prior to 2000, vehicle fleet mileage was estimated on the basis of taxed gasoline and motor fuel sales. Starting in 2000, vehicle kilometres travelled are based on estimates provided by Statistics Canada and Transport Canada.

Limited-Speed Motorcycle (Motor Scooter): A limited-speed motorcycle is also known as a “motor scooter.”

Motor scooters can be either electric or gas powered with a “step through” design and have a maximum speed of 70 km/h. Most motor scooters have automatic transmissions, with a maximum engine displacement of 50 cubic centimeters. Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Major Injury: A non-fatal injury severe enough to require that the injured person be admitted to hospital, even if for observation only.

Minimal Injury: A non-fatal injury, including minor abrasions and bruises, which does not necessitate the injured person going to a hospital.

Minor Injury: A non-fatal injury requiring medical treatment at a hospital emergency room, but not requiring hospitalization of the involved person.

Motor-Assisted Bicycle (Moped): A motor-assisted bicycle is also known as a “moped”. Mopeds have pedals that can be operated at all times. Mopeds can be either electric or piston powered and have a maximum speed of 50 92 km/h.

Mopeds have a piston displacement of not more that 50 cubic centimetres.

Motor Vehicle Collision:

Appendix Any incident in which bodily injury or damage to property is sustained as a result of the movement of a motor vehicle, or of its load while a motor vehicle is in motion.

Off-Highway Collisions: A collision that occurs off a public highway. It can include collisions located on or adjacent to trails and paths, on the surface of a frozen lake or river, or in a private parking lot.

On-Highway Collisions: A motor vehicle collision which occurs on the highway between the property lines.

Pedestrian: Any person not riding in or on a vehicle involved in a motor vehicle collision.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 Personal Injury Collision: A motor vehicle collision in which at least one person involved sustains bodily injuries not resulting in death.

Property Damage Collision: A motor vehicle collision in which no person sustains bodily injury, but in which there is damage to any public property or damage to private property** including damage to the motor vehicle or its load.

Reportable Collision: Any collision involving injury or damage to private property in excess of a monetary value pre- scribed by regulation.**

Self-Reporting of a Collision: Under the Highway Traffic Act [s.199 (1.1)], when one is in a collision in which there is only property damage (no injury or death, and, among other conditions, no criminal activities such 93 as impaired driving) the involved person(s) may report the collision immediately by proceeding Appendix with one’s vehicle to a Collision Reporting Centre. Self-Reporting of a collision was introduced on January 1, 1997.

Suspension: Withdrawal of a driver’s privilege to operate a motor vehicle for a prescribed period of time.

*These passenger restrictions do not apply if the G2 driver is accompanied by a full “G” licensed driver (with at least four years driving experience) in the front seat, or if the passengers are immediate family members.

**The minimum reportable level for property damage only collisions rose from $200 to $400 on January 1, 1978 and rose again to $700 on January 1, 1985. As of January 1, 1998, the minimum reportable level for property damage only collision is $1,000.

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 8B. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Ministry of Transportation would like to acknowledge the following agencies and individuals for their assistance:

Police Services

Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services Office of the Chief Coroner

Traffic Injury Research Foundation (TIRF)

Ministry of the Attorney General Court Services Division Criminal/POA Policy and Programs Branch Management Information Office Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care 94 Health Solutions Delivery Branch Health Data Decision Support Unit Ministry of Education School Business Support Branch

Appendix Transportation & Cooperative Services

Photos: Kris Mermigas Shawn Smith Jeremy McBride Slawomir Demianczuk Susan Reppard Alain Nadeau Rick Moore Ontario Provincial Police Cabinet Office Library Ministry of Transportation, Central Region

Ontario Road Safety Annual Report 2010 This publication may be reproduced, reprinted, stored and transmitted, and may be used in whole or in part, provided that such reproduction or storage is intended only for personal or educational use and not for monetary gains of any kind. In any application, or for financial gain, express prior written permission of the Ministry of Transportation is required.

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