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13 Chapter 4.Pdf 101 CHAPTER-IV MEASURMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY Decentralization of industries from Mumbai Metropolitan Region is the main factor of development of industries in Thane district. After the establishment of M.I.D.Cs in all the talukas of Thane district, excluding Mokhada taluka number of industries has increased. In Thane district, highest number of small, medium and large scale industries are located in Thane taluka followed by Pal ghar taluka. Small scale units are also developing in lawhar taluka. Tribal population is one of the important reason for poor development of industries in Jawhar,Wada, Shahapur and Murbad talukas. Small, medium and large scale industries are well developed in Kalyan, Ulhasnagar, Bhiwandi and Vasai talukas. Large employment is generated by the development of manufacturing activity in Thane district. Employment engaged in small scale industries is more than the employment in large scale industries. t-:Jearly tifty per cent employment of manufacturing sector is engaged in Thane taluka. But due to small number of established industries in Jawhar taluka employment generated is only 185. Outside M.M.R., Palghar taluka is industrially well developed. Hence about 22 % of the total employment of Thane district is generated in Palghar taluka. Large number of employment is engaged in industrial activity in Thane distlict. v Alexander, J. (1958) and Linge, G.J.R. (1960) used the techniquc to find out the concentration and dispersal of manufacturing activities. To measure the concentration, distribution and . dispersal' of any phenomenon different methods and techniques arc uscd . such as Location Quotient, Lorenz curve and Gini's Coefficient etc (Khan, 1998). 4.1 Location Quotient (L.Q.) General concentration of enterprise can be quantified with the help of L.Q. or by Coeff. of localization. This technique was primarily devised in late forties to study industrial location. In the study of distribution of industrial phenomenon we would like to identify areas where particular enterprise is concentrated, where its presence is marginal and where 102 it is absent. Florence, (1948) compares a region's share of some enterprise with its share of some aggregate. Ec. Tn ENTc Where, EC - Area of the enterprise in a county/ State EN - National area of the enterprise V'-l(\1\ . '\ \ TC - Total area of specified enterprise in a county. TN - National area of the specified enterprise. The concentration of index is the ratio of ratios. The concept of concentration enables one to compare and associate enterprise distribution on a uniform scale. With the help of this method we can arrive at meaningful generalization in the industrial geography of an area. We may be able to identify the enterprises which are highly localized and those which are widely spread It is also important to examine the changes of pattern of concentration over a period of time. L.Q. 1 means the pattern is similar in the component unit and the region. If the L.Q. is > 1 it indicates higher concentration as compared to region and L.Q. < 1 indicates less of concentration in relation to region as a whole. Location Quotients for SSI units in Thane district are calculated and they are 0.91 to 1.04. It indicates that concentration of industrial units in a taluka is more or less equal in proportion with concentration in the district (Table No: 4.1, Fig No: 4.1). Location Quotients- LSI units in thane district is ranging from 0.13 to 3.70. It indicates that the concentration of industrial units of LSI at taluka and district level is not in same proportion. Concentration in Murbad taluka (3.70) is the highest bu~ it is very low in Vasai taluka (0.13) as compared to the district (Table No: 4.2, Fig No: 4.2). 4.2 Manufacturing Intensity in Thane District Once an industry or Industries are setup at any particular place certain by-product industries come up and industrial landscape is formed. In other words manufacturing regions af' originatef. All the manufacturing regions do not have same manufacturing intensity. To measure the level of manufacturing or industrialization several methods have 103 Table No: 4.1 LOCATION QUOTIENT - SSI UN1TS THANE DISTRICT (2002). 1 SR TALUKAS NO OF UN1TS L.Q. NO. T ALUKA (SSI) TOTAL I I 1 Thane 3218 3404 0.98 2 Kalyan 708 723 1.0 I 3 Ulhasnagar 914 938 1.03 4 Bhiwandi 149 163 0.95 , 5 Vasai 2065 2075 1.03 6 Palghar 31 96 33 33 0.994 7 Dahanu 332 33 6 l.03 8 Shahapur 326 33 5 1.0 I 9 Murbad 23 6 270 I 0.91 10 Wada 303 315 0.999 11 Jawhar 20 20 1.04 12 Mokhada -- -- -- 13 Ta1asari 102 106 0.999 Total 11569 1201 9 Source: Compiled by Author. 104 LOCATION QUOTIENT SSI . THANE DISTRICT (2002). ~ ~. c~-~ .: MOKH[ADA ~H--+--t---1H-+~-+-~U-L f> ....... ~ . ~~f---l-+-+-+-r!-- . PALGHAR · . ' . .. • . '? . · .., · W,\ DA . ~ . --------------~ .• r;- ·l ·~··, ~ j· . )~ • .•.•. ~.. -~-=-=-=------.{- I"'-t-+-+--+-- : ~ ... ..(,/./~ .;.. , SHAHAPUR "'" • (.4\ - I rr~~4-4-~' • " ~----------------~~~~ • , , ' ). ~ ;J .- \ ' -........ ~ ~+-+-+-..j.I' ,BHIWAND I • ,...~~'\. --=~\---------f"r."..... J" .".. ' ,.. ~ <' I / C;../ "1.../"\ ".. ....... -./'--J' =vJ' , • .. { J • .. • .. • • • • .. • ,':. , • ".c,·..'., .. - KALYAN I - ... .. • THANE', ( .. ,,: f ; MURBAD .'...• ~ ,[1; 1l1Trrrr·-r; . .~.. :.r' INDEX · ~ULIiA.S ~ . - t:,.....,. • ;'''~,' ;1 NAGAf', JL ._. EJ 0.90 - 1.00. ~--- N 8 1.01-1.02 o 10 KM t urn 1.02 - 1.03 EE 1.03 -1.04 FIG NO : 4.1 105 Table No : 4.2 LOCATION QUOTIENT - LSI UNITS THANE DISTRICT (2002). SR TALUKAS NOOF UNITS L.Q. NO. TALUKA (LSI) TOTAL I Thane 184 3404 1.46 2 Kalyan 15 723 0.56 3 Ulhasnagar 24 938 0.69 4 Bhiwandi 14 163 2.32 5 Yasai 10 2075 0.13 I 6 Palghar I 137 3333 1.11 - 7 Dahanu 4 336 0.56 8 Shahapllr I 9 335 0.32 9 Murbad 34 270 3.70 10 Wada 12 315 1.02 11 Jawhar -- 20 -~ 12 Mokhada -- ~- -~ 13 Talasari 4 106 1.02 r--- - Total 447 12016 Source: Compiled by Author . 106 LOCATION QUOTIENT lSI THANE DISTRICf (2002). • . JAWHAR ".. ' .., " .... : nTfTUl '\) ,J '_: . t. PALG~ 2. ~ , .... , ,'" ,J_. ~ __ J • I : "ltm] ' j:IT ,-. ' ~ ' . • • . j ~~.. WADA .'. .. .) " . ~ .SHAHAPUR . ,... > INDEX [J 0.10 - 0.50 N . 8 0.51 -1.00 1.01 -1.50 t IIill 0 10 KM '-----.J ill 1.51 - 2.50 ~ > 3.50 FIG NO : 4.2 107 been used. Richard Hart Shome (1934), Helen M. Strong (1937), Geer, Wright (1938), Thompson, J (!955) C.FJones (1973), used different variables for the measurement (MandaI, B.1978). In case of Thane district two types of data. are used. I] Number of Registered Factories and 2] Persons employed in manufacturing. Hence the intensity of manufacturing has been calculated at Taluka level on the basis of number of registered factories and employment as mentioned above. Manufacturing intensity has been calculated by the formula: M.l. = X+ Y where, 2 No offactories in a Taluka. X = --------------------------------------- X 100 No of factories in Thane District. No of persons employed in manufacturing in a Taluka y= No of persons employed in manufacturing in the District. Manufacturing intensity is highest (14.36) in Thane taluka.(Table No: 4.5) Metal, textile and chemical units are in large number; their proportion ranges from 18.50% to 20.86%. More than 50% engineering, metal and chemical industries are located in Thane taluka. M.I.D.C. has established large industrial areas like Wagle and T.T.C. in Thane taluka. Hence manufacturing intensity in Thane taluka is more than other talukas. Palghar taluka also has a high level of manufacturing intensity where the proportion. of plastic, chemical, textile and other industries is remarkable. Another important taluka is Vasai, which has high manufacturing intensity, (8.69). Development of co-operative industrial estates in Vasai taluka helped to increase manufacturing intensity of Vasai taluka. There are more than 2,000 industrial units employing 14,000 workers. But there are some talukas - like Jawhar, Wada, Talasari, Shahapur and Murbad where manufacturing intensity is less than two. These are the tribal talukas and away from Mumbai-Thane industrial and commercial centers which are not easily accessible. Bhiwandi, Ulhasnagar and Kalyan talukas are industrially developed and manufacturing intensity is medium. Manufacturing intensity was also medium in Bhiwandi taluka in 1994, but due to closing of cotton textiles in Mumbai and closing of power-looms in Bhiwandi, the manufacturing intensity declined 108 Table No: 4.3 THANE DISTRICT - SSI AND LSI UNITS (2002). SRNO. TALUKAS NOOFUNlTS S.S.! LSI TOTAL I I Thane 3,2 J 8 J84 .3 ,404 J 2 Kalyan 708 15 723 3 Ulhasnagar 914 24 938 I 4 Bhiwandi 149 14 163 5 Vasai 2,065 2,075 --t- -~- _._-_ . -- 10 --I - 6 -j -- PaJgl1~ - I 3,196 3,333 I 137 I 7 D aha nu 332 4 136- - t 1 ! 8 Shahapur 326 9 I 335 I 1 j I 9 Murbad 236 34 270 I 10 Wada I 303 12 I 315 11 lawhar 20 i -- 20 : 12 Mokhada -- 1 -- -- I i 13 Talasari 102 ! 4 106 ! I Total 11,569 1 447 12,OJ6 I - Source: D.l.e., Thane. 109 Table No: 4.4 THANE DISTRICT - EMPLOYMENT IN SSI AND LSI (2002). TALUKAS EMPLOYMENT S.S.! L.S.I TOTAL Thane 32,955 46,180 89,135 I 2 Kalyan 6,643 7,156 13,799 , -,- I 3 Ulhasnagar I 8,575 3,422 11,997 I I f---- ~ I 4 Bhiwandi 1,400 1,117 2,517 - -+ 5 Vasai 14375 463 14,838 I ._-_.. t-- i 6 Palghar 29,990 I 9,799 I 39J89/ _____...l...--- i C I I 7 Dahanu 3,115 1)56 I_ 4,471 ~-- I 8 ShahapUf 3,061 1,690 4,751 --_.
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