UB/TIB Hannover Proceedings of The Fourth Asian-Pacific International Symposium on Combustion and Energy Utilization
Bangkok, Thailand, December 8-11, 1997
Volume II
Air pollution from Combustion Processes and Control Energy Conversion and Utilization Renewable Energy and Alternative Fuels Internal Combustion Engines and Pollution Control
Organizing Institutes :
Energy Research Institute and Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Department of Energy Development and Promotion, Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, Bangkok, Thailand
in collaboration with The Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China vi Content page
Preface / Membership Lists „ Contents w- Volume I: Keynote Lecture Fundamental Combustion Practical Combustion Systems and Hazards Control Computational Combustion
Keynote Lectures « Recent Progress in Researches on Flame Propagation through Combustion Prof.Toshisuke Hirano K-1
Experiences in Implementation of the Energy Conservation Program Dr.Prathes Sutabutr. K-11
Aerodymanic of Flames Prof.ChungK. Law. K-14
• Fundamental Combustion
Measurement and Rehabiitation of Flame Temperature Field by Tomography Technology LJ Jingding, JiangXiawen, LuoZhizhong andChu Shuhua 1
Turbulent Combustion of Organic Dust - Air Mixture in Confined Flows and Explosions Hazards N.N.Smirnov, V.F.Nikitin, A.B.Kiselev, A.P.Boychenko, V.V.Baskokov. R.KIemens, P.Woansky and J.C.Legros 6
Stability and Shapes of Premixed Flames in a Cylindrical Burner. Leon Sinay and Fernando Fachini Filho 19
Measurement of the Turbulent Burning Velocity of Coal Dust by Means of a 20-Litre Spherical Vessel. C.M.Trinh andF.M.B.Andersen 27
Shock Temperature Role in the Limits of Detonation Waves. Fariborg Roshidi, Zohreh Milani, Rasoul Rajabi and Amir Kabir. 35
Nox Formation by Fuel - NO Mechanism in Highly Turbulent Opposed Jet Premixed Fames Yashinobu Kotani and Akira Yoshida 46
An Experimental Study on Characteristics of Elliptic Sprays. Gong Yunyi, Liu Changwen, Huang Yezhou and Peng Zhijun 52
The Sream of Disffusion Flame, C02 and NOx Gas in the Magnetic Field. Hidenori Tanaka, Koji Yoshida, Hideo Shoji and Atsushi Saima 58
Lean Limit Flame Propagation under Microgra T. Kawakami, S.Okajima, V.Sriramula, A.Teodorezyk, T.Sakuraya and J.Sato 73 A Lift-Up and Free-Fail Experiment Technique for Studying Microgravity Combustion. X.Q.Zhang, M.G.Wei, Z.Xie, Y.M.Huang, P.Yang, W.J.Kong, W.F.Du, Y.Hua H.S.Hua andZ.S.Tian 81
Numberical Study on Transport Phenomena of the Muti-Plase Reactions in a Liquid- Fueled Spray Combustion Process. H.K.Ma, R.J.TsaurandLJ.Yang 88
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Twin-Fluid Spray from a Multi-Holes Injector. Hua Huang, Tsyoshi Nakajima and P.C.Chisale 97
Phase Seperation and Microexplosion in Emullsified Fuel Droplet Combustion. Hiroshi Yamasaki and Daiduke Segewa 105
Flame Configurations in Heterogenerous Propellants. J.Buckmaster and J.Yao 112
Ignition of a Fuel Dropet by a Propagating Laminar Flame. T.Kadota, D.Segawa, R.Kohama, K.Tazakiand M.Tsue 116
Behavior of Ignition and Combustion for Single Refuse-Derived Fuel Particles Kunihiko Namba. Kyoji Kimoto, Eji Fujita and Tsuyoshi Nakajima 122
Formation of Poycyclic Aromatic Compounds in the Flame of Postrolling Oils. Stainslaw Slupek 129
Vaccum Ultravioler Light Emitted in the Flash Photolysis of the Mixture H2/O2/NO2 Kazuhiko Noda 134
Study of Explosion Dynamics of Dust-Air-Mixtures. M.Gieras, R.KIemens, B.Szatan and P.Wolanski. 141
Ignition and Extinction of Solid Feul Particles. P.X.Tran, M.P.Mathur and J.M.Ekmann 154
Premixed Turbuent Flame Burning Velocities : Influence of Cold Front Quenching. C.Corvellec, P.Bruel and V.A.Sabel'nikov 765
Investigation of Bluff-Body Flame in Premixed Combustion Using Image Processing Technique. Shen H.M., Cheung C.S. and Leung C.W. 171
High Temperature Reaction of C2H2OH in Shock Waves. Tihru Koike, Izumi Maeda, Masaki Kudoh and Hiroshi Yamada 176
Asymptotic Analysis of the Catalytic Ignition in a Vertical Wall. F.Mendez and C.Trevino 181
Effect of Pressure on 2-D Temperature Field in the Condensed Phase of a Burning Sandwich Propellant. B.T.N.Sridhar, D.Natarajan and G.Padmanahham 188
A Study of Mixing Enhancement of Jets Injected Parallel to a Supersonic Flow. A.lmamura, N.Sato, S.Shiba, S.Takahashi, K.Miyazaki, M.Tsue and M.Kono 197
Supersonic Mixing and Combustion Using Two Dimensional Lobed Nozzles. B.V.N.Charyu, J.Kurian, P.Venugopalan and V.Sriramulu 206
Experimental Study on Processing Vortex Core in Swirl Burner. Yoshikazu Tsuruoka, Chie Nakayama, Mitsuaki Tanabe and Kiyoshu Aoki. 217 VI
An Investigation of Stability of Diffusion Flames At Various Conditions. Yu.N.Shebeko, A.Ya.Korocheuko, E.D.Zamishevski, A.V.Trunev, V.Yu.Navzenya and A.A.Zaitzev 223
Expermental Studies on Flame Characteristic of Hydrogen Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flame Mono} Kumars, N.Ravindranath and Satesh Kumar. 232
Pulse Combustion : Applications and Research Needs. Ben.T.Zinn 241
Influence of the Mean Chemical Rate Expression on the Structure of Premixed Turbulent Flames. D.Karmed and M.Champion 255
Effects of Ambient Pressure and Natural Convection on Fuel Droplet Evaporation. Hiroshi Nomura and Yasushige Ujiie 266
Studies on Interference Effects in Spray Combustion. C.P.Sarathy and R.Natarajan 272
• Practical Combustion Systems and Hazards Control
Study on Burning Heavy Oil in Diesel with Introduction Stream Technique. Zhang Lijun, Liu Shitang and LJ Jingding 292
Design and Performance of a Pilot Burning for Swirl Augmentor. Tan Hua Yuan and He Xiao Ming 298
Structure and Nox Formation in Premixed and Non-Premixed Opposed let Burner. Akira Yoshida, Kohichi Hirose and Yoshinobu Kotani. 304
The Spider-Jet Atomizer: An Evolution of the Y-Jet Atomizer. H.S.Couto, J.A.Carvalho, JR. And D Bastos-Netto 310
A Simple One-Dimensional Model For Liquid Fuel Vitiated-Air Heater For Screamjet Direct-Connected Test Facilities. A.LS.Guimaraes, LSinay and Bastos-Netto 316
A Comparison of Elutriation Rates when Burning Coal on Coal-Water Slurry in a Fluidized Bed Combustor. Longin Przyblski. 324
Parametric Studies of Combustion in Radiation Dominated Heat Transfer with a Cyclic flow Reversal of Mixture. Sumreung Jugjai and Amorn Sanjetlertcharoen 331
An Influence of Gas-Aerosol Compositions on Flammability Limits of Gases and Vapours. Yu.N.Shebeko, A.Ya.Korochenko, I.A.Bolodian, V.Yu.Navyzenya, S.N.Kopylov and D.Yu.Shebeko 340
Heat Source Ignition of Hydrogen and Propane - Air Mixtures : Influence of the source Spatio-Temporal Structure. M.Vidal, A.Zumino, M.Champion, B.Deshaies and LF.Figueira da Silva 348
Minimun Explosible Concentration of Thai Indigeneous Powders. W. Tanthapanichkoon, T. Charinpanitkul, H. Duriyabunleang and V. Chongvisal. 355
Estimation of the Cell size of Detonation by Numerical Analysis. Tadayoshi Sugimura and Toshihiro Nanaka 367 ix
Combustion Experiment of Monodisperse and Mono-Sized Alcohol Fuel Droplet Clouds Generated by Condensation Method. Youichi Maratani, Jun'ichi Sato, Hiroshi Nomura, Yasusige Ujiie, Michikata Kono and Haruhiko Kawasaki. 367
• Computational Combustion
A Model of Steady-State Convective Combustion of Gas-Permeable Propellants. WangBoxi. 374
A Tomographric Algorithim for Reconstructing Local Probability Density Functions in Turbulent Flames. Robert Gouland, Catherine Mavriplis and Pumyos Vallikul. 382
A Pure Two-Fluid Model for Simulating Spray Combustion in a Dual-lnjet Dump Ramjet Combustor. Y.C.Guo, W.Y.Un and L.X.Zhou 392
Numerical Simulation of Dynamic Premixed Turbulent Open V-Flame. B.L.Zhang, C.K.Chan and K.S.Lau 396
Spatial Distribution Computation of Radiation Heat Flux in Diesel Engines. Chen Shuo, Pan Keyu, Liu Mingan, UBenwen and Zhou Longbao 406
An Artificial Compressibiity Method for Unsteady Reacting Flows at Zero Mach Number. C.Corvellec, P.Bruel and V.A.Sabel'nikov. 413
Experiments and Numerical Simulation of the Dual-Fuel Combustion Process For A Constant Volume Combustion Bomb. M.Mbarawa, R.T.Casey and B.E.Milton 420
Numerical Study of Turbulent Two-Phase Flow of Planar Mixing Layer Using a New Stochastic Seperated Flow Model. C.K.Chan, K.S.Lau and H.Q.Zhang. 435
Modeling of Pressurised Combustion of Single Soid Fuel Particles. C.A.Gurgel Veras, Saastamoinen and J.A.Carvalho Jr. 459
Integral Analysis of Stretched Flames. J.H.M.Ten Theje Boonkkamp and L.P.H. de Goey. 466
Mathematical Modeling of Ozone Reactions and Dispersions from Combustion Productions in Atmosphere. B.Dabir, Kh. Sad/7, S.M.AIaie, M.Nikazar and M.Shaebain-Sanghabadi. 475
A Set of Governing Equations For Reactive and Diffusive Mixtures Applied to Combustion. ELundgren 490
Modeling of Combustion and Turbulent Transports in Supersonic Flows : The Case of CO- Fowing Jets. Valery Morgenthaler, Luis Fernando, Figueira da Silva, Bruno Deshaies, Vladi mir and A.Sabel'nikov. 498
A Continuum Mechanical Model for Spray Combustion. D.Palmqvist, E.Lundgren and S.I.MoHer. 508 Volume II: Air Pollution From Combustion Processes and Control Energy Conversion and Utilization Renewable Energy and Alternative Fuels Internal Combustion Engines and Pollution Control
• Air Pollution From Combustion Processes and Control
The Prospect of Desulphurization Technology Development in China. WangQinghuan and Wang Ning 578
Temperature Prediction of Pulverized Coal Combustion in Multiple Opposed Jets Flow. Q.W.Zhao and H.F.Zhao 522
Solid Waste Incineration : Influence of Inert Materials On Combustion Efficiency And Pollutants (CO, NOx) Emissions. LBonneau, C Massiot, J.C.Goudeau, Y.Rogaume, M.Anzanneau, B.Bregeon andB.Sztal. 527
The Emission of CO and NO From Small Premixed Flames On Domestic Burners. L.P.H. deGoey, R.L.G.M. Eggels, LM.T.Somers and A.J.M.Gielen 534
Investigation on Diesel Particulate Oxidation Using Metal Oxide Coated Ceramic Foam Filter. C.G.Saravanan and K.Jeyachandran 544
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide Over Rh/Sio2 Catalyst Prepared From Water-ln-Oil Microemulsion. Masahiro Kishida, Kyotaro Onoue, Hideo Nagata and Kalsuhiko Wakabayashi. 560
Modelling the Effects of Fuel Injection Characteristics and Secondary Injection on Diesel Engine Emissions. G.Devaradjane and N.Buluswamy. 563
Development of Anodic Oxidation Catalyst For Catalytic Combustion of Exhaust Gas. Intan Elizabeth Sungkono, Wei Yong Ying, Kyoke Yamamoto, Hideo Kamey and Toshiyuki Koya 570
Investigation On Reduction of CO in SI Engine with Catalytic Converter. C.M.Vara Prasad, C.Prabhakar Reddy and M V S.Murali Krishna 576
• Energy Conversion and Utilization
A Case Study for Life Cycle Value Assessment (LCVA) as an Energy Dicision Making Tool: Conventional Gasoline and Reformulated Gasoline. Mario Reynolds, M.D. Checkel, R.A.Fraser and R.Macintosh 583
Technical and Economic Analysis For Conversion of An Emergency Generator into A Cogeneration System : Study of Case For a Hospital. Jose' Luz SHveira, Mauro Jose' Cavalcanti Leite, Francisco EulaKo, Alves Dos Santos. and Carlo Alberto Luengo 606
Technical Guide For Exergy Analysis. Chen Mingzheng, Zheng Danxing and Song Zhiping 677
Equation Oriented Modelling of Plant Utility Systems and Their Optimisation using A Novel SQP Method. WiKam Morton and Miguel Angel Rodriguez - Toral. 679 xl
Combined Heat And Power (CHP) Plants and Environment. Sukru Bekdemir, Recep Ozturkand Muammer Akgun 629
Study on Catalyst Assisted Combustion With Catalyst Temperature Limiting. Fumikiro Hanba, Mitsuaki Tanabe and Kiyoshi Aoki. 637
A Case Study of Air Eurichment with Oxygen in the Incineration of Industrial Wastes. G.F.Melo, P.T.Lacava and J.A.Carvalho Jr. 644
Rapid Pyrolysis of Agricultural Residue at High Temperature. Rolando Zanzi, Krister Sjostrom and Emilia Bjornborm 657
Combustion of Oil Sludge in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed Incinerator. Adi Surjosatyo, Farid Nasir Hj Ani and Md Zahid Abdullah 657
Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Food Industrial Plant. Ruchira Taprap and Sujitta Raungrusmee 664
Flow in Elliptical Domain With a Circular Wellbore at the Center and Application to Cyclic Steam Stimulation. Mohammad Tamin and S.M.Faroug Ali. 674
FPRDI Combustor For Coffee Drying. Belen B. Bisana and Antonio B. Layong Jr. 687
The Monte Carlo Simulation Method For Calculating Spot Prices Hourly of Electricity in Energy Generation System. Ricardo Villarroel Davalos and Edvaldo A.De Somtana 692
Experimental Investigations About the Performance of A Two Wheeler With Two Strocke SI Engine For Fuel Economy and Lean Burning. Shivayogi S.Hiremath and S.N.Kurbet 700
Experimental Investigation on a Lambretta Scooter Engine by Adopting Different Carburettors to Evaluate the Matching Feasibilities - In View of Road Test. Shivayogi S. Hiremath, R.Nagaraj and S.N.Kurbet 707
Development and Testing of Low Cost Gen Set For Fuel Economy and lean Burning. Shivayogi S. Hiremath, D.D.Chillal and S.N.Kurbet 774
Energy Accumulated and Stractural Stability of Salt-Hydrate Gasbeton Storage Composite. M.Hadjieva, R.Kirilov, R.Stoykov and Tz. Filipova 779
Common Movement Characteristic and Modeling of Municipal Solid Wastes Matter inner Martin Stocker. Jian Ruimin, Chen Dong and Zhang Hesheng 723
Experimental Investigations on Performance of Cl Engine With as Alternate Fuel A Dual Mode Operation Case. Shivayogi S. Hiremath, R.Nagaraj and S.N.Kurbet 728
Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer by Impingement. Wang Baoguan 734
• Renewable Energy and Alternative Fuels
Efficient Combustion of Wet Biomass Fuel. Heikki Oravainen 740 XI
Analysis on the Modelling of Gasification Kinetic Data of An Argentinean Coal Char Under Chemical - Diffusional Control Conditions. J.Ochoa and A.LCukierman 744
Thermal Degradation of Hardwoods Residues : Kinetics and Effects of Pyrolysis Conditions on Chars Features. P.A.Delia Rocca, E.G.Cerrella, P.R.Bonelli and A.LCukierman 750
Gasification of an Agricultural by product: A Study Towards Actived Carbons Preparation. G.I.Horowitz, G.Lombardi, M.C.Cassanello and A.LCukierman 757
Pyrolytic Oil and Char Recovery From Rice Husk Waste. Mohammad Nurul Istam and Farid Nasir Ani. 762
Modelling of the Rapid Pyrolysis of Wood. M.Nik-Azar, A.Mirfakliraee and B.Dabir. 769
Investigations on Crude and Esterified Jatropha Oil as Substitute Fuels in Diesel Engine. CM. Vara Prasad, C.Prabhakar Reddy, M. V.S.Murali Krishna and K.Sudhakar Reddy. 782
Studies on Methanol-Diesel Mixtures With Air Gap Insulated Piston and Liner in Diesel Engine. CM. Vara Prasad, C.Prabhakar Reddy, M. V.S.Murali Krisna and K.Sudhakar Reddy. 797
• Internal Combustion Engines and Pollution Control
Effect of combustion Chamber Deposits on Hydrocarbon Emission in a spark Ignition Engine. Zhohua Huang, Haitao Guo, Keyu Pan, Longbao Zhou and Deming Jiang 802
Ultrasonic Evaporation Carburetor. Z.D.Yan and M.LWong 808
Development of a Fast, Low Cost Data Acquisition and Analysis System for Dl Diesel Engines. Jamil Ghojel and S.K.Tang 813
Analytical Heat Release Function for Dl Diesel Engines. Jamil Ghoje 827/
Performance of a Lean Burn S.I.Engine with Catalytically Coated Composite Piston. Parthasarathy, S 830
Experimental Investigation of Spatial Distribution of Heat Flux on the Cylinder Head of A Dl Diesel Engine. CS.Cheung 838
Analysis of Combustion Noise in Automobile Diesel Engine. Zhang Zongjie, Zhang Biaobiao, Suo Haitao and Yu Qiang 846
The Enhanced Cooling of Ramjet Engine Combustor. Gu Weizao and Liu Wenyan 852
Investigation of Aftermarket Products For Improving Fuel Economy and Emissions Somchai Chanchaona 858 iii
Studies on Water-Diesel Emulsion in Diesel Engine. CM. Vara Prasad and C.Prabhakar Reddy. 863
Effect of catalytic Converter on two Wheeler Engine Performance & Emissions. A.Rekman and K.C.Singhai. 876
Design and Testing of Pin-Fixed Copper Oxide Metal Foil Catalytic Converter. S.P Venkatesan, C.G.Saravanan and K.Natarajan 885
An Experimental Study of In-Cylinder Tumbling Air Motion in a Four-Valve S.I.Engine by LDA. Shu-liang Liu, Yu feng Li, Shao-Xi Shi, Ming-Zhi Feng, Zhen-ZhongXu and KongU 892
A Study of the Effects of the Grooved Combustion Chamber on Fuel/Air Mixing in A Small D.I.Diesel Engine. Wanhua Su, Rongwen Lin, HuiXie and Shao Xi Shi. 899
Effects of Fuel Injection Mode and Combustor Exit Geometry on Swirl Combustion with Preheated Air. P.C.Chisale, M.Masuda and T.Nakajima 905
Combustion in a Lean-Burn Piston Engine with Catalytic Prechamber. Josef Jarosinski, Ryszard Lapucha and Jacek mazurkiewiez 973
NOx Reduction in A Diesel Engine with Ceramic Coating on the Top of the Piston. P.K.Bose, R.A.Beg, B.B.Ghosh, S.K.Das and Amitava Majamder. 979
Combustion and Exhaust gas Emission Characteristics of Lean Mixture Ignited by Gas-Oil Injection. Koji Yoshida, Hideo Shoji, Atsushi Saima and Hidenori Tanaka 928
A New Method of Diagnosing In-Cylinder Combustion Dificiency by Utilizing Intra-cycle speed fluctuation Based on Fuzzy Classification Theory. Chen Hongyan, Wu Feng and Yan Zhaoda 940
Analysis of Combustion in Low Heat Rejection Diesel Engine with Two Zone Combustion Model and Different Heat Transfer Models. P.Tamilporai and N.Buluswamy. 950
The Performance of the Dual-Fuel LPG/Gasoline Vehicle. Hewu Wang and Yaozhang Bian 962
Experimental Study on a New Type Direct Injection Circularly Stratified Charge Combustion System for Gasoline Engines. Longbao Zhou and Hui Zhao 968
Lean Burn Spark Ignition Engine With Charge Turbulized by Directed Jet. Andrzej Kowalewicz, Grzegorz Pawlak and Andrzej Ro'zycki. 976
Ethanol Fumigation Close to the Intake Value at Increased Injection Pressure and with Ignition Improve Enhances Performance and Reduces Emission in a Dl Engine. B.K.Venkanna and P.B.Gangavati. 983
Increased Injection Presure in A D.I. Engine Enables Higher Water Percentages in Water/Diesel Emulsion and Improves Performance & Reduces Emissions. B.K.Venkanna and Smt Swati B. Wadawadagi. 945 xiv
Improved Performance and Reduced Emissions in A D.I.Engine by Fumigating Methanol with Ignition Improver and with Increased Injection Presure. B.K.Venkawna andSmt SwatiB. Wadawadagi. 990
Analysis on Radical Behavior Under Knocking Operation in a Spark-Ignition Engine. Yasushi Ota, katsunori Komuro, Toshiyuki Matsushima, Koji Yoshida, Hideo Shoji and Atsushi Saima 997
Advanced Stratified Charge Combustion In Two-And Four Stroke Rotary Engines. H.Heitland, R.Rinne andK.Wislocki. 7005
Performance of A LPG Fueld Two Wheeler With Four Stroke S.I.Engine - An Overview on Road Test. Shivayogi S.Hiremath, A.M.Lakkanagavi and S.N.Kurbet 7074
Experimental Studies On Performance of A Two Stroke S.I. Engined Two Wheeler With Modified Dual Intake Manifolds And Throttling Systems for Fuel Economy and Emission Control. Shivayogi S.Hiremath, A.M.Lakkanagavi and S.N.Kurbet 7079
Jet Ignition of Lean Mixtures for IC Engine Applications. WalanskiP. 7025
Author List