Villages Ira, Chelur, Balepuni And

for Establishment of Canara Industrial Area In Villages Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu of Taluk Bantwal, District Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka JUNE 2019 Schedule 7(c) – Industrial Estates / Parks/ Complexes/ Areas, EPZs, SEZs, Biotech Parks, Leather Complexes & Category ‘A’

tor compliance TOR COMPLIANCE

COMPLIANCE TO TERMS OF REFERENCE ISSUED BY EXPERT APPRAISAL COMITTEE, MoEF&CC (Ref:F.No21-135/2015-IA.III dated12.11.2015) S.No. Terms of Reference Compliance 1 Reasons for selecting the site with details The details of the Site Selection of alternate sites examined / rejected / Criterion are given in the Chapter 5. selected on merit with comparative statement and reason / basis for selection. The examination should justify site suitability in terms of environmental damage, resources sustainability associated with selected site as compared to rejected sites. The analysis should include parameters considered along with weightage criteria for short-listing selected site. 2 Submit the details of the land use break- Please refer Table No. 2.1, Chapter – up for the proposed project. Details of 2 for the land use break up. land use around 10 km radius of the Details of the land use around 10 km project site. Analysis should be made radius from the project site are based on latest satellite imagery for land briefed on Chapter 3, section 3.9. use with raw images. 3 Submit details of environmentally The Environmental Sensitivity of the sensitive places, land acquisition status, project site is given in the Table 2.2. rehabilitation of Communities / villages KIADB has acquired land as per and present status of such activities. KIADB Act 1966, currently land is under possession of KIADB. Appropriate compensation is paid to land losers. 4 Examine the impact of proposed project The project site is considerably on the nearest settlements. remote area. There are no major settlements within 500 m radius from the project boundary. Please refer fig. 2.3, Topo map of the project site. 5 Examine baseline environmental quality Please refer Chapter 3, Description along with projected incremental load of the Environment. due to the project taking into account of the existing developments nearby. 6 Environmental data to be considered in Please refer Chapter 3, Description

I TOR COMPLIANCE

relation to the project development of the Environment. would be (a) land, (b) groundwater, (c) surface water, (d) air, (e) bio-diversity, (f) noise and vibrations, (g) socio economic and health. 7 Submit a copy of the contour plan with Drainage Map of the 10 km radius slopes, drainage pattern of the site and given in the Fig. No. 3.21. surrounding area. 8 Details regarding project boundary The proposed project is not located passing through any eco-sensitive area within 10 km from any eco – and within 10 km from eco-sensitive sensitive area. area. 9 Green buffer in the form of green belt to a KIADB will provide 15 m buffer all width of 15 meters should be provided all along the site boundary & same has along the periphery of the industrial area. been marked in the site layout. The individual units should keep 33% of Please refer Fig 2.2 for the Master the allotted area as a green area. Layout. 10 Submit the details of the trees to be At this stage we cannot envisage felled for the project. number of trees to be felled. While establishment any trees felled we will do compensatory plantation. 11 Submit the details of the infrastructure Please refer point 2.1 Project Back to be developed. ground of Chapter 2. 12 Submit the present land use and The present land use is Govt. land permission required for any conversion converted into Industrial use. A such as forest, agriculture etc. patch of forest land having extent of 59 Acres is located within project site. The forest land will not be used for any of the project activity, as well as all possible precautionary measures will be taken for protecting the forest. 13 Submit details regarding R&R KIADB has acquired the land for involved in the project. proposed project as per KIAD Act 1966. The acquired land is barren land & area is devoid of any residential settlements. KIADB has paid compensation to land losers as per KIAD Act, 1966. 14 Zoning of the area in terms of 'type of After obtaining Environmental industries' coming-up in the industrial Clearance, KIADB will allot industrial II TOR COMPLIANCE

area based on the resource requirement plots. While allotting plots depending along with likely pollutants with quantity upon the probable occupiers, from the various industries. proponent will do zoning based on the resource requirement & pollution potential. 15 The project boundary area and study area Please refer Fig 2.1 & Fig 2.3 for the for which the base line data is generated project boundary and 10 km study should be indicated through a suitable area. Please refer Chapter 3, Point map. Justification of the parameters, No. 3.10 onwards. frequency and locations shall be discussed in the EIA. 16 Submit Legal frame work for the Please refer Table 1.2 Legal implementation of Environmental framework. Clearance conditions - to be clearly spelt out in the EIA report. 17 Submit Roles and responsibility of the A separate EMP cell equipped with developer etc. for compliance of lab facilities will be set up to carry environmental regulations under the out the Environment Management & provisions of EP Act. Monitoring functions. 18 Site justification of the identified industry After obtaining Environmental sectors from environmental angle and the Clearance form MoEF&CC, KIADB details of the studies conducted if any. will allot Industrial plots. During plot allotment respective industry will carry out such studies if necessary. 19 Ground water classification as per the As per CGWA classification the Central Ground Water Authority. proposed project site comes under safe zone. 20 Submit the source of water, requirement Please refer chapter 2 section 2.9 vis-à-vis waste water to be generated Water Supply, along with treatment facilities, use of treated waste water along with water balance chart taking into account all forms of water use and management. 21 Rain water harvesting proposals should Geotechnical Study has been carried be made with due safeguards for ground out for the proposed project & based water quality. Maximize recycling of on the findings of the same rain water and utilization of rain water. water harvesting proposed. Please Examine details. refer section 4.4.3 Water Environment. 22 Examine soil characteristics and depth Geotechnical Study has been carried III TOR COMPLIANCE

of ground water table for rainwater out for the proposed project & based harvesting. on the findings of the same rain water harvesting proposed. Please refer 4.4.3 Water Environment. 23 Examine details of solid waste Please refer chapter 2, section 2.11 generation treatment and its disposal. solid waste generation, collection, transport & disposal. 24 Examine and submit details of use of Solar street lamps will be utilized solar energy and alternative source of for the proposed project as well as energy to reduce the fossil energy KIADB will insist member industries consumption. to use non-conventional sources of energy. 25 In case DG sets are likely to be used A 1000 KVA DG set will be operated during construction and operational to meet the emergency power phase of the project, emissions from DG requirements. Adequate stack sets must be taken into consideration height will be provided. while estimating the impacts on air environment. Examine and submit details. 26 Examine road/rail connectivity to the Please refer chapter 2, section 2.6 project site and impact on the traffic due connectivity to the project site. to the proposed project. Present and Traffic Study has been appended as future traffic and transport facilities for Annexure II. the region should be analyzed with measures for preventing traffic congestion and providing faster trouble free system to reach different destinations in the city. 27 A detailed traffic and transportation Traffic Study has been appended as study should be made for existing and Annexure II. projected passenger and cargo traffic. 28 Examine the details of transport of Mainly KIADB will develop roads, materials for construction which should sewerage network, storm water include source and availability. drain, water supply pipelines, STP etc. The raw material will be procured from nearest available source within 50 km from project site. Fly ash will be utilized for construction. 29 Examine the details of National SH 101 connecting Surathakal to Highways/State Highways/ expressways Kabaka is 8.6 km on East direction, IV TOR COMPLIANCE

falling along the corridor and the impact NH 48 Mangalore Bangalore of the development on them. Highway is about 8 km on North direction. Additional traffic will be added but overall impact on the level of Service will not be adverse as Level of Service will remain fair. Please refer Annexure II - Traffic Study. 30 Examine noise levels - present and For existing noise level, please refer future with noise abatement measures. Table 3.15 Ambient Noise Levels Recorded in the Study Area. Please refer 4.4.4 Impacts & Noise abatement measures. 31 Identify, predict and assess the Please refer Chapter 4 for various environmental and sociological impacts impacts and mitigation measures. on account of the project. A detailed For Corporate Social Responsibility, description with costs estimates of CSR refer chapter 8, section 8.5. should be incorporated in the EIA / EMP report. 32 Examine separately the details for Please refer Chapter 6 for construction and operation phases both Environmental Monitoring Plan & for Environmental Management Plan and Chapter 10 Environment Environmental Monitoring Plan with cost Management Plan. and parameters. 33 Submit details of a comprehensive Please refer Chapter 7 Additional Disaster Management Plan including Studies, section 7.3 for Disaster emergency evacuation during natural and Management plan. man-made disaster. 34 Any further clarification on carrying out We have referred the said manual the above studies including anticipated while preparing EIA report. impacts due to the project & mitigative measures, project proponent can refer to the model TOR available on Ministry website “http://moef.nic.in/Manual/Industrial Estate”

V index INDEX

INDEX SL.NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO. EXECUTY SUMMARY i-xiv 1 INTRODUCTION 1-10 1.1 PROFILE OF THE PROJECT PROPONENT 1-2 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION 2 1.3 REGULATORY FRAME WORK 3-6 1.4 EIA CONSULTANT 6 1.5 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT 6-7 1.6 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY 7 1.7 SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY 7-8 1.8 APPROVED TOR FOR EIA STUDY BY MOEF&CC 8 1.9 PLAN OF ACTION 9-10 1.10 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT 9-10 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 11-26 2.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND 11-14 2.2 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE SELECTION OF PROJECT SITE 14 2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF THE PROJECT SITE 14-15 2.4 EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE 15-16 2.5 PROPOSED ZONING OF INDUSTRIES 16-19 2.6 CONNECTIVITY TO THE PROJECT SITE 20 2.7 OCCUPANCY DETAILS 21 2.8 POWER REQUIREMENT 21 2.9 WATER SUPPLY 21-22 2.10 SEWAGE GENERATION 23-25 2.11 SOLID WASTE GENERATION, COLLECTION, TRANSPORT & 25-26 DISPOSAL 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 27-84 3.1 INTRODUCTION 27 3.2 SCOPE OF THE BASELINE STUDY 27-29 3.3 TEMPERATURE 29-33 3.4 WIND PATTERN AT PROPOSED SITE 33-36 3.5 RAINFALL 36 3.6 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 37 3.7 NATURAL HAZARD VULNERABILITY 37-38 3.8 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE SITE 38-39 3.9 LAND USE PATTERN-REMOTE SENSING DATA 39-47 3.9.1 Land use Map Analysis 41 3.9.1.1 Spatial Data from SOI Topographical Sheets 41-42 3.9.1.2 Contour Map and Elevations of Study Area 42-43 3.9.1.3 Topography (Digital Elevation Model) 43-44 3.9.1.4 Land use land cover statistics of buffer zone 44-47 3.10 AIR ENVIRONMENT 47 3.10.1 Selection of sampling location 47-49 3.10.2 Instruments for Sampling 49

A INDEX

3.10.3 Sampling and Analytical Technique 49-50 3.10.4 Calibration 50 3.10.5 Presentation of Data 50-51 3.10.6 Observations 52 3.11 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 53- 3.11.1 Identification of Sampling Location 54-55 3.11.2 Instrument Used For Monitoring 55 3.11.3 Method of Monitoring 55-56 3.11.4 Presentation of Result 56 3.11.5 Observation 56-57 3.12 WATER REQUIREMENT 57 3.12.1 Selection of Sampling Location 57-58 3.12.2 Water Sampling Location 58 3.12.3 Presentation of Result 59-64 3.12.4 Observations 65 3.13 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 65-66 3.13.1 Data Generation 66 3.13.2 Soil Sampling 66-67 3.13.3 Presentation of Results 67-70 3.13.4 Baseline Soil Status 70 3.14 GEOLOGY & HYDRO GEOLOGY ASPECTS 70-73 3.14.1 Geomorphology 70-71 3.14.2 Soil 71 3.14.3 Surface water 71-72 3.14.4 Hydrogeology 72-73 3.15 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 73-76 3.16 ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY 76 3.17 SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE 76- 3.17.1 Methodology 77 3.17.2 Source of Information 77 3.17.3 Social Profile 77 3.17.4 Settlement Pattern 77 3.17.5 Population 78-80 3.17.6 Summary of the Demographic Structure in the Study Area 81-82 3.17.7 Economic Structure 82-83 3.17.8 Industrial Profile 83 3.18 EXISTING INDUSTRIES IN DAKSHIN KANNADA DISTRICT 83-84 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION 4 MEASURES 85-103 4.1 INTRODUCTION 85 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT AND IMPACT ANALYSIS 85-86 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION 4.3 86-98 PHASE 4.3.1 Land Environment 86-87 4.3.2 Air Environment 87- 4.3.2.1 Air Quality Impact Predictions (AQIP): 88-93

B INDEX

4.3.3 Impacts on Water Environment 94 4.3.4 Noise Environment 94 4.3.4.1 Noise Modeling for the Proposed CANARA Industrial Area 95-97 4.3.5 Health and Safety 97 4.3.6 Fugitive Emission 98 4.3.7 Solid Waste 98 4.3.8 Impact on Socio-economic Environment 98 4.4 IMPACT DURING OPERATION PHASE 99 4.4.1 Land Environment 99 4.4.2 Air Environment 99-100 4.4.3 Water Environment 100-102 4.4.4 Noise Environment 103 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 104-105 5.1 SITING CRITERIA 105 5.2 SITE SELECTION 105-106 5.3 MITIGATION MEASURES 106 5.4 ALTERNATIVE ENERGY 106 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 107-109 6.1 INTRODUCTION 107 6.2 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 107 6.3 SUGGESTED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 108 6.4 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN TO IDENTIFY IMPACTS ON 108-109 VECs 6.5 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH OF WORKERS 109 6.6 ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY EQUIPMENT 109 6.7 SCHEDULE OF MONITORING DATA 109 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 110-122 7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT 110 7.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 110 7.2.1 Safety Management Plan 110-111 7.2.2 Hazard Identification and Evaluation 111-112 7.3 DISASTER MANGEMENT PLAN 112 7.3.1 Onsite DMP 113-114 7.3.2 Offsite DMP 114-115 7.4 RISK AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN 115-116 7.5 HAZARDOUS CONTROL MEASURES 116-118 7.6 PUBLIC HEARING 119-122 8 PROJECT BENEFITS 123-126 8.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT 123 8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 123 8.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 123-124 8.4 OTHER BENEFITS 124 8.5 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 124-126 8.5.1 Introduction 124-125 8.5.2 Planning 125

C INDEX

8.5.3 Identification 125-126 9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANANLYSIS 127 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 128-140 10.1 INTRODUCTION 128 10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL 128-129 ORGANIZATIONAL SET UP FOR ENVIRONMENTAL 10.3 129-130 MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION 10.4 130 PHASE 10.4.1 Air Quality Management 130 10.4.2 Water Quality Management 130-131 10.4.3 Noise Quality Management 131 10.4.4 Land Quality Management 131 10.4.5 Solid Waste Management 131 10.4.6 Drainage 132 10.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING OPERATION PHASE 132 10.5.1 Air Quality Management 132 10.5.2 Noise Quality Management 133 10.5.3 Water & Wastewater Quality Management 133 10.5.4 Rain Water and Storm Water Management 134 10.5.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Management 134-135 10.5.6 Green Belt Development 135 10.5.7 Avenue/Roadside Plantation: 136-138 10.5.8 Traffic Management 138 10.5.9 Fire Safety Measures 138 10.5.10 Human Health and Safety Management 138-139 10.6 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT 139 10.7 BUDGETARY PROVISION 139-140 11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 141-148 11.1 INTRODUCTION 141 11.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF THE SITE 141 11.3 SITE CONNECTIVITY 142 11.4 PROJECT SITE AREA 142-143 11.5 WATER REQUIREMENT OF THE SITE 143 11.6 WASTEWATER GENERATION 143-144 11.7 POWER REQUIREMENT 144 11.8 BASELINE STUDY 144-146 11.9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND 146 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 11.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 147 11.11 CONCLUSION 147-148 12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS 149-154 12.1 INTRODUCTION 149-150 12.2 The Consultant: ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 150-151 12.3 Services of ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 151-152 12.4 Sectors accredited by NABET 152

D INDEX

12.5 Study Team 152-154

LIST OF TABLES TABLE.NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO. 1.1 Project Details 1-2 1.2 Legal Framework 3-6 2.1 Land Use Breakup Details 11 2.2 Environmental Settings of the Project Site 14-15 2.3 Wastewater Characteristics 23 2.4 Final Treated Wastewater Characteristics 23-24 2.5 General Standards for discharge of environmental pollutants 24-25 2.6 Estimated Solid Waste Quantity from Canara Industrial Area 26 3.1 Various Environmental Attributes 27-28 3.2 Frequency and Monitoring Methodology 28-29 3.3 Site Specific Metrological data for October 2015 29-30 3.4 Site Specific Metrological Data for November 2015 30-31 3.5 Site Specific Metrological Data for December 2015 31-32 3.6 Temperature (oC) data from 2011 to 2015 32 3.7 Wind Data (2015) 33 3.8 Rainfall data from 2011 to 2015 36 3.9 Humidity data from 2011 to 2015 37 3.10 Land Use Pattern of the district 45 3.11 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 48 3.12 Techniques for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 50 3.13 Summary of Ambient Air Monitoring 51 3.14 Noise Monitoring Locations 54 3.15 Ambient Noise Levels Recorded in the Study Area dB(A) 56 3.16 Ambient Noise Standards [dB (A)] 56 3.17 Water Sampling Locations 58 3.18 Results for Ground Water Analysis 60-62 3.19 Results for Surface Water Analysis 62-64 3.20 Soil Sampling Locations 66-67 3.21 Soil Analysis Results 68 3.22 Standard Soil Classification 69 3.23 Flora and Fauna Composition in the Study Area 74-75 3.24 Socio – Economic Status of the Study Area as per Census 2011 79-80 3.25 Existing industrial status of district 83-84 3.26 List of large scale industries in Dakshina Kannada district 84 4.1 Activity-Impact identification matrix 86 4.2 Resultant concentrations after implementation of proposed 90 project 4.3 Rain water Harvesting Potential of the site 101 5.1 Site Selection Criteria: Areas to be avoided 104 5.2 Siting Criteria of the Proposed Project 105 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Schedule 108

E INDEX

6.2 List of Equipment proposed for Environmental Laboratory 109 7.1 List of Equipment proposed for Environmental Laboratory 112 10.1 Environmental Management Group 130 10.2 Air Pollution Control Measures 132 10.3 List of species suitable for plantation in the proposed Industrial 137-138 Area 10.4 Environmental Management Cost 140 11.1 Site Salient Features 141 11.2 Details of the site connectivity 142 11.3 Land use Breakup of the proposed project 143 11.4 Estimated Solid Waste Quantity from Canara Industrial Area 144 11.5 Environmental Monitoring Program 147

LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE CONTENTS PAGE NO. NO. 1.1 Project Location 2 1.2 5 Km and 10 Km Radius of the Project Site 3 2.1 Satellite image of the project Site (10 Km Radius) 13 2.2 Master Layout with proposed zoning of Industries of the Project 17 2.3 Topo map of the Project 18 2.4 Flood Plain map of the Netravati River 19 2.5 Roads and Built up Area 20 2.6 Water Balance Diagram 22 3.1 Temperature Data From 2011-2015 33 3.2 Wind Rose diagram for October 2015 34 3.3 Wind Rose diagram for November 2015 35 3.4 Wind Rose diagram for December 2015 35 3.5 Rainfall Data From 2011-2015 36 3.6 Humidity Data From 2011-2015 37 3.7 Seismic Zone Map of India 38 3.8 Contour Map 43 3.9 DEM Map 44 3.10 Land Use Map 46 3.11 Graphical Presentation of Land Use Statistics 47 3.12 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 49 3.13 Graphical Representation of PM10& PM2.5 52 3.14 Graphical Representation of SO2 & NOx 53 3.15 Noise Monitoring Locations 55 3.16 Graphical Representation of Noise Levels 57 3.17 Water Sampling Locations 59 3.18 Soil Sampling Locations 67 3.19 Texture Classification of Soil Samples 69 3.20 Nutrient contents of the soil samples 70 3.21 Drainage Map of the project site 72

F INDEX

3.22 Literacy rate representation 81 3.23 Population Details of the study area 82 3.24 Distribution of Work force in the study area 83 4.1 Maximum Ground Level Concentration for PM - Period Average 91 4.2 Maximum Ground Level Concentration for CO - Period Average 92 4.3 Maximum Ground Level Concentration for NOX - Period Average 93 4.4 Noise Model Showing Noise levels from the DG Set(s) 96 4.5 Rain water Harvesting Pit 102 4.6 Impact Network on the Noise Environment 103 10.1 Environmental Management Cell 129 11.1 Water Balance Flow Sheet 143

ANNEXURES Sl. No. Particulars 1 Annexure I – Terms of Reference 2 Annexure II – Traffic Study 3 Annexure III – Water NOC 4 Annexure IV – Public Hearing Proceedings 5 Annexure V – Forest NOC 6 Annexure VI – Organic Waste Convertor 7. Annexure VII – Layout Map of Industrial Area 8. Annexure VIII-Court Case Letter 9. Annexure IX-Land Document

G executive summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. INTRODUCTION Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) is a wholly owned infrastructure agency of Government of Karnataka, set up under Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Act of 1966.This Board functions as per statutory provisions, rules and regulations enacted there under The Board comprises of senior government officers in their ex-officio capacities. KIADB holds pride in being the first government organization in Karnataka to obtain ISO 9001 certification in the year 1997. The proposed project is about the establishment of Canara Industrial Area at Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu village, Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada District over an extent of 236.93 Hectares (585.66 Acres).

Table 1. Project Details

Sl. No Particular Details 1. Project Proponent Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) 2. Project Name Establishment of Canara Industrial Area 3. Project Location At Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu Village, Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka. 4. Land Requirement 236.93 Hectares (585.66 Acres) 5. Schedule & Category 7 (c) &“A” category 6. Total Cost of the project Rs. 330 Crores Project Location The proposed project site is located Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu Villages, Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka. The area lies in the northern latitude of the 12°49'01.1" & eastern longitude of 74°58'58.0". As per EIA Notification 2006 & its subsequent amendments the proposed project falls under Schedule 7(c) & category “A” as the Interstate boundary of Kerala is about 2.68km on SSE direction from the proposed site. Hence the project requires

i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC). Public hearing has been conducted for the project as per provisions of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 on 09.08.2018 at the project site.

Approved TOR for EIA Study by MoEF&CC

The application for the scoping of the said project has been submitted to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), New Delhi. Presentation for the scoping of the project Terms of Reference (TOR) approval for EIA study was held on 09th September 2015.MOEF&CC has issued the TOR for the EIA study on 12th November 2015. Due to delay in conducting Public Hearing the TOR validity expired on 11th November 2018, hence we sought TOR Extension for one more year i.e. up to 11th November 2019.

Table 2. Land Use Breakup Details of Project

S. % of Land Description No.s Acres Hectares No. Use 1 Industries 113 342.17 138.47 58.42 2 Amenities (A-1 & A-2) 2 29.28 11.84 5 3 Utilities(U-1 to U-7) 7 4 Commercial Area (C1 to C4) 4 15.73 6.37 2.69 5 Park/ Buffer Zone - 88.72 35.90 15.14 6 Transport & Parking 2 29.28 11.84 5.00 7 Roads 13 55.56 22.48 9.49 8 Land in slope +5.05A - encroached by Karnataka 24.92 10.08 4.26 Forest Dept. Total Area 585.66 236.93 100.0

Within the proposed site layout a patch of forest land is coming which will not be disturbed. The No Objection Certificate from the Karnataka Forest Department is obtained. All the conditions given by Forest Department will be obeyed. The Netravati River flows at 4 km distance on northern side of the project side. The proposed project site is located at comparatively higher altitude as well quite away from the flood plain of the Netravati River.

ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Figure 1. Km and 10 Km Radius of the Project Site

iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2. WATER SUPPLY

The estimated water demand during the construction phase is 125 KLD (approx.), 25 KLD for labours and 100 KLD for construction activities and water demand during the operation phase is 4 MLD. During construction phase the water required will be sourced from tanker supply and the water for the operation phase will be sourced from the Netravati River through Irrigation Department. Approval letter from the Mangaluru Municipal Corporation for the same is attached as Annexure III. Water Balance for the proposed project is given in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Balance Diagram

During the construction phase the estimated water demand is 125 KLD (approx.), 25 KLD for labors and 100 KLD for construction activities. Quantity of sewage generated

iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY during the construction phase will be 20 KLD (waste water generation is 80% of 25 KLD of labours). During the construction phase, soak pits and septic tanks will be provided for disposal of waste water. Temporary sanitary toilets will be provided during peak labour force.

During construction phase and water demand during the operation phase is 4 MLD. During construction phase the water required will be sourced from tanker supply and the water for the operation phase will be sourced from the Netravati River through Irrigation Department. Obtained approval letter from the Mangaluru Municipal Corporation. During operation phase sewage generated will be treated in the Sewage Treatment Plant of the respective industry. The estimated sewage generation during operation phase will be 1.2 MLD. The treated water shall be reused for toilet flushing, gardening etc. and the wastewater generated from the industries is 3.314 MLD, which is treated in their respective Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP). The treated water will be reused for industrial purposes like cooling, heat exchangers, boilers, cleaning equipment’s etc.

3. SOLID WASTE GENERATION The Canara Industrial area development will also generate Solid Waste from Non- Manufacturing/ non-production sections of the Industrial Units such as Administration blocks, Canteen, Toilets, Utilities, etc. The total quantity of solid waste generated is 6089 Kg/day and the sludge generated from STP is 14 Kg/day. The solid waste will be treated using Organic Waste Converter. For management of industrial waste individual units may consider having an agreement with the nearest Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facility (TSDF) operator to dispose the hazardous waste and 4.93 Acre is provided for Solid Waste Disposal for operational phase. The industries which generate solid waste have to be managed by the respective industry itself and it requires authorization from Karnataka Pollution Control Board under relevant rules. The Canara Industrial area development will also generate Solid Waste from Non-Manufacturing/ non-production sections of the Industrial Units such as Administration blocks, Canteen, Toilets, Utilities, etc. The total quantity of solid waste generated is 6089 Kg/day and the sludge generated from STP is 14 Kg/day. The solid waste will be treated using Organic Waste Converter.

v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4. POWER REQUIREMENT The power requirement for the proposed development is 34.20MW. The source of power will be from Mangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited (MESCOM). 5. RAIN WATER HARVESTING 3540 rainwater harvesting pits will be constructed within the project site with the potential of collecting 50971 m3/hr of storm water in order to recharge the ground water. 6. POWER REQUIREMENT Employmentpotential is about 25,500 persons. 7. BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT.- The benefits of proposed development of Canara Industrial Area are employment opportunities will be generated, There will be positive impacts on the socio economic status of the surrounding areas. Physical infrastructure development such as improvement to roads, UGD lines, street lights etc., will take place.

8. Public Hearing was conducted on 09.08.2018, 11.00 AM at Project site(Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu Village, Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka).The major issues raised during the public hearing were what type of industries will be established in the proposed industrial area and requested to take village Panchayat in confidence prior to allotting the site for industries and not allow any hazardous or polluting industries in the proposed area. He said that this area is considered as dry area and requested to supply water for the nearby villages and also to allot 5 acre land for Moolur Government School for playground activities and responses were that as of now there is no proposal came to their department for the setting up of industries in the proposed site and allotment of the land for the industries will be taken up in the District single window agency Committee headed by Deputy Commissioner. Regarding the type of industries he said that there will be zoning for different type of industries and the plots will be allotted accordingly. Regarding the allotment of land for School Sri. Kumarappa, DDO from KIADB, Mangaluru said that as there is a guidelines to reserve the area for industries in any industrial area hence, reserved area for the industries cannot be given for school activities but the land reserved for other facilities in the area can be allotted for school

vi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

activities. If any such proposal comes in this regard a suitable decision will be taken in this regard as per the guidelines. Regarding the water supply to this area was considered as dry area, for this Deputy Commissioner informed that this is a huge industrial area will require large amount of water and during finalizing the proposal for supply of water the village will be considered to get the water supply from it.

9. BASELINE STUDY Baseline Environmental Studies covering a 10 km radial distance from the project site have been conducted for a period of three months from October 2015 to December2015 to determine the existing status of various Environmental attributes viz., climatic and atmospheric conditions, Air, Water, Noise, Soil, Hydro geological, Land use pattern, Ecological and Socio-Economical environment, prior to setting up of the proposed project. This study would help to undertake corrective mitigation measures for protection of the environment on account of any change deviation of attributes due to activities of the proposed project.

9.1 Air Environment

PM10 – A maximum value of 57 µg/m3 was observed at Near Bakrabail (AAQ6). A minimum of 35 µg/m3 was observed at Manchi (AAQ5). The 24 hours standard limit is 100µg/m3, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.

PM2.5 – The maximum value of 27 µg/m3 was observed at Near Bakrabail (AAQ6). A minimum of 13 µg/m3 was observed at Kairankala (AAQ3) and Manchi (AAQ5) The 24 hour’s standard limit is 60µg/m3, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.

SO2 - The maximum value of 7.1 µg/m3 was observed at Mudipu (AAQ4). A minimum of 5.0 µg/m3 was observed at Kairankala (AAQ3) as well as at project site. The 24 hours standard limit is 80 µg/m3, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.

NOX - The maximum value of 13.7 µg/m3 was observed at Mudipu (AAQ4). A minimum of 7.6 µg/m3 was observed at Project site (AAQ1). The 24 hours standard limit is 80µg/m3, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.

vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

9.2 Noise Environment

Day Time Noise Level:-

Noise levels during day time were found to be in the range 45.5 – 48.7 dB (A). The maximum noise level was observed to be 48.7 dB (A) at Mudipu (N4) and a minimum of 45.5 dB (A) was observed at Ira (N6). The monitored locations are under the prescribed limit.

Night Time Noise Levels: -

9.3 Water Environment

The analytical results of ground water samples indicates that the average pH ranges in between 6.94 – 7.94, TDS of 228 mg/l was found in Boliyar, correspondingly the hardness, alkalinity, chlorides & sulphates were also average. Iron value of BDL, was found in all 5 locations near Project Site, Boliyar, Kairankala, Mudipu & Manchi. The groundwater at project site is comparatively good and with some treatment, can be used for domestic purpose.

9.4 Soil Environment

It has been observed that the pH of the soil ranges from 6.52 to 7.36 indicating that the soil is ideal for plant growth. The nitrogen values are in the range of 45.2 – 72.6 mg/kg and the potassium values range between 197 - 312 mg/kg, which indicate that the soils have moderate quantities of potassium. The soil from the study area shows moderately fertility.

9.5 Demography & Socio- Economics

The baseline data includes the socio economic status of the area. The data about the human settlements in and around the project site, health status of the community, existing infrastructure facilities for social welfare, job opportunities, safety and security of the workers and the surrounding population. The positive impact of the proposed project and the socio economic status in the buffer zone is reported.

viii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

10. IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Construction phase includes site clearance, site information, infrastructure provision, Building works and allied activities. The impacts of the construction phase of commercial and industrial complexes will be mainly on air, water, noise, land, socioeconomic and biological environment.

10.1 Land Environment Impacts

The proposed construction activities will change the land use pattern to accommodate Infrastructure and other facilities. This includes site clearing which will lead to loss of vegetation and wildlife habitation, modification of drainage pattern and erosion of cleared areas. Also there will be surface disposal equipment related waste which will render the soil useless. There will be loss of top soil which is rich in organic content and loss of vegetation. Change in the topography i.e. elevation and levelling will cause water logging within the site and prevent recharging of surface water bodies. Mitigation Measures  Top soil helps to improve water holding capacity of soil and promote healthy vegetation. This top soil can be stored separately and used in landscaping areas.  Promotion of green belt can control the destruction of native species.  Rain water harvesting prevents the flooding of low-lying areas.  A proper layout will be set up for storm water drains within the site to prevent waterlogging within the site.  If water gets accumulated during excavation, then it should be pumped out and disposed into the municipal drain.

10.2 Air Environment Impacts

 The various activities that affects ambient air quality during construction phase is site clearing.  Preparation of approach roads, excavation, drilling foundation, tunneling, deployment of machinery, erection, transportation, dumping will cause dust and gaseous emissions.

ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

 The pollutants released during the construction activities may cause immediate effect on the construction workers directly exposed to them.  The transportation of large quantities of construction materials in unleveled roads will cause air pollution. The emissions from the vehicles can change the ambient air quality.

Mitigation Measures

 Sprinkling of water regularly will avoid dust particles entering into the atmosphere and the sprinkling of water will be increased during windy days.  All the vehicles used for the transportation of raw materials will be covered with tarpaulin/plastic sheet.  Plantation of trees will create barrier for noise pollution as well as air pollution.  Temporary tin sheets will be erected around the proposed construction to control dust.  Stack height of DG sets to be kept in accordance with CPCB norms, which prescribes the minimum height of stack to be provided with each generator set to be calculated using the following formula: H = h +0.2×√KVA

H= Total height of stack in meter

h= Height of the building in meters where the generator set is installed

KVA= Total generator capacity of the set in KVA

10.3 Impacts on Water Environment

A large quantity of water will be used for construction activities such as earth works, crushing of stones, cutting and modification of the terrain, alteration of drainage systems and soil erosion. The construction materials stored without cover will cause pollution of local water bodies and surface water during rainy season. Also the surface runoff will increase the level of suspended solids in surface water. This will adversely affect the aquatic life which depends completely on surface water

Mitigation Measures

• Excavated area will be covered to prevent runoff during monsoon season.

x EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• Check dams shall be constructed to prevent construction runoff entering into surrounding water bodies. • Leak proof containers will be used for storing oil/grease to prevent surface water and ground water contamination.

10.4 Noise Environment The major activities which cause noise pollution are foundation works, construction activities and movement of vehicles and operation of equipment. Some of the activities which cause noise pollution during construction phase are drilling, welding, cement concrete mixing and pulverizing. The vehicles used for the transportation of construction materials will affect the noise environment.

Mitigation Measures

 Construction activities that will generate disturbing sounds should be restricted to normal working hours.  All the vehicles entering the project area will be informed not to blow horns, unless it is required.  Workers operating noise generating equipment will be provided ear muffs.  Barricades will be provided around the construction site to confine noise within the site.  Noise generating equipment will be used during day time and will not be used during night time.

10.5 Health and Safety The equipment’s used for construction will generate noise during operation and it will affect the workers by damaging their ear drums. The vehicles used for the transportation of construction materials will cause air pollution that can cause respiratory problems to the workers. The dust generation during construction phase also can affect the workers and cause asthma and bronchitis. The solid waste generated during construction will affect surface water and can cause health problems to workers.

Mitigation Measures

 The workers involved in operating major noise generating equipment will be provided with ear muffs.

xi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

 All the workers will be provided with masks to get rid of asthma and bronchitis which can be caused due to air pollution.  All the workers will be provided with safety equipment during work.  Water used for drinking purposes and other domestic uses will be treated properly before using it for domestic activities.

10.6 Fugitive Emission During constructional stage, the site will not be overtaken completely by fugitive emissions as there are only construction activities and vehicular emission. Dust generation during construction activities will not pollute the environment severely. The other source of fugitive emission during construction stage is vehicular emission. There will be no greater impact on the environment because of fugitive emissions.

Mitigation Measures

 The workers will be provided with face masks to get rid of fugitive emission.  Steps will be taken to control vehicular emission.  Steps will be taken to safeguard the surface water quality or any significant area from dust.

10.7 Solid Waste A large quantity of solid waste will be generated during construction phase and it will be treated in an environmentally acceptable manner. The major source of solid waste will be excavation and vegetation. These wastes can affect ground water and surface water.

Mitigation Measures

 Levelling work and filling up low-lying areas will minimize solid waste.  Solid waste will be segregated into different heaps and it will be sold or will be used for land filling.  The solid waste generated during construction phase will be used for levelling and filling up of low lying areas.

10.8 Impact on Socio-economic Environment  Up-liftment of the area economically.  Literacy rate will improve.

xii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

 Increase in land prices, labour rates and room rents.  There will be increase in demand for hotels and public transport.  The number of hospitals, schools, banks, workshops and retail shops will be increased.

11. IMPACT DURING OPERATION PHASE

11.1 Land Environment Dumping of municipal and industrial waste on the land will affect the soil quality. Poor Garbage management will lead to unsanitary conditions including vermin, odor and fly infestation. The spillage of waste oil from DG sets will also affect the land.

Mitigation Measures

 The wastes generated will be treated and disposed properly.  Toxic waste from industries will not be disposed on land without treating it in a proper manner.  Generation of waste will be minimized during all the processes.

11.2 Air Environment The impact on air environment depends on the raw materials of member industries. SOx & NOx are anticipated during the usage of DG sets and boilers. The vehicles used for transportation of raw materials will cause air pollution.

Mitigation Measures

 Use of low Sulphur fuel will minimize the emission from diesel generators.  Development of green barrier will reduce the level of particulate matter.  The emission standards fixed by government authorities will be followed.  Vehicles will be maintained properly.  Green belt development

Pollution abatement via green belt development is one of the vital components for any

Industrial activity. The main objectives of green belt development plan in any area are:

1. Aesthetic Enhancement. 2. Reduction of impacts of air pollution, dust& noise pollution. 3. Arrest soil erosion

xiii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4. Climatic amelioration. Selection of species and trees: The planting species are selected based on the physical growth characteristics of tree like form and shape, foliage pattern, growth rate, branching pattern, soil characteristics, water conditions and climatic conditions of the area.

11.3 Water Environment During the operation phase water will be sourced from Netravati River. The liquid effluents which are supposed to be discharged out may cause severe problems to the environment when compared with the waste water generated by domestic activities. The members industries are responsible for treating effluent from industries.

Mitigation Measures

The wastewater generated by domestic activities will be treated in STP. Industrial effluents having different properties will be treated properly in ETP of respective industry. KIADB will mandate all member industries to provide treatment system for sewage/effluent generated during operation phase.

BUDGETARY PROVISION

Environmental Monitoring and other mitigation measures as proposed in the above sections shall be implemented by the project proponent during the construction and operation period. The detailed budget provisions are presented in Table 10.3.

Table 10. 3– Environmental Management Cost

Operational Capital Cost S.No. Description of Item Cost (Lakhs per (Lakhs) Annum) 1 Construction of STP 60 10 2 Air Quality mitigation measure 10 1.5 3 Greenbelt Development 15 2 4 Energy Conservation measures 12 3 5 Solid Waste Management 14 5 6 Water conservation measures 40 5 7 Environmental monitoring --- 10 Total 151 36.5

xiv chapters INTRODUCTION

1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROFILE OF THE PROJECT PROPONENT Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) is a wholly owned infrastructure agency of Government of Karnataka, set up under Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Act of 1966.This Board functions as per statutory provisions, rules and regulations enacted there under The Board comprises of senior government officers in their ex-officio capacities. KIADB holds pride in being the first government organization in Karnataka to obtain ISO 9001 certification in the year 1997.

KIADB has also acquired lands to cater the specific needs of individual industrial units (Single Unit Complexes). The Board also acquires land for infrastructure projects of the Government. They promote projects of public importance in joint venture with organizations of international repute. The vision of KIADB and world class infrastructure has made investors all over the world take notice of Karnataka as the premier destination for their start-ups and ventures.

KIADB has so far developed 160 industrial areas in 29 Districts in the State covering an extent of 76,136 acres and acquired land for nearly 473 Single Unit Complexes covering an extent of 73,288 Acres ensuring balanced industrial development in all regions with well thought of infrastructures and unique features. KIADB has now proposed to develop Canara Industrial Area over an extent of 236.93 Hectares (585.66 Acres) at Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu village, Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka. The project details are given below Table 1. 1Project Details Sl. No Particular Details

1. Project Proponent Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) 2. Project Name Establishment of Canara Industrial Area 3. Project Location At Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu Village, Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka. 4. Land Requirement 236.93 Hectares (585.66 Acres)

1 INTRODUCTION

5. Schedule & Category 7 (c) &“A” category 6. Total Cost of the project Rs. 330 Crores 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION The proposed project site is located Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu Villages, Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka. The area lies in the northern latitude of the 12°49'01.1" & eastern longitude of 74°58'58.0".

Figure 1.1 Project Location

2 INTRODUCTION

Figure 1.2. 5 Km and 10 Km Radius of the Project Site 1.3 REGULATORY FRAME WORK

As per EIA Notification 2006 & its subsequent amendments the proposed project falls under Schedule 7(c) & category “A” as the Interstate boundary of Kerala is about 2.68 km on SSE direction from the proposed site. Hence the project requires Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF & CC). Public hearing has been conducted for the project as per provisions of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 on 09.08.2018 at the project site and the issues raised by the public are addressed in the 7th chapter. More Applicable laws rules and acts: Table 1. 2 Legal Framework S. No Act Purpose Objective 1 The Environment New, Expansion, Providing protection and (Protection) Act, 1986 Modernization improvement for the

3 INTRODUCTION

S. No Act Purpose Objective amended in 1991 Activities in environment and preventing industries environmental pollution. 2 The Water (Prevention New, Expansion, For the prevention and control and Control of Pollution) Modernization of water pollution. To ensure Act, 1974 activities in discharge of wastewater is amended in 1988 industries done as per norms. 3 The Air (Prevention and New, Expansion, To control, reduce air pollution. Control of Pollution) Act, Modernization 1981 amended in 1987 activities in industries 4 EIA Notification 2006 New, Expansion, Protection of the Environment and its subsequent Modernization and ensuring that all amendments. activities in environmental impacts are industries mitigated appropriately. 5 The Environment New, Expansion, Areas to be avoided for siting (Siting for Industrial Modernization of industries, precautionary Projects) Rules, 1999 activities in measures to be taken for site industries selection. So the aspects of environmental protection which should have been incorporated during the implementation of the industrial development projects. 6 The Noise Pollution New, Expansion, To protect workers and public (Regulation and Modernization in the surrounding from noise Control)(Amendment) activities in pollution Rules, 2002 industries 7 The Ozone Depleting New, Expansion, Regulation of production and Substances (Regulation Modernization consumption of ozone and Control) Rules,2000 activities in depleting substances industries which include ozone depleting substances

4 INTRODUCTION

S. No Act Purpose Objective 8 Hazardous and other New, Expansion, Prevention, Control and safe wastes Management, Modernization handling of hazardous wastes. Handling and Trans activities in boundary Movement industries Rules 2016 which include Management, Handling and Trans boundary Movement of Hazardous waste 9 The Municipal Solid New, Expansion, Prevention, Control and Wastes (Management Modernization handling of Municipal Solid and Handling) Rules, activities in wastes. 2016 industries which include Management, Handling, treatment and disposal of municipal solid wastes. 10 The Chemical Accidents New, Expansion, Preparedness and response, (Emergency Planning, Modernization during operation of on-site and preparedness, and activities in Offsite Emergency Plans during Response)Rules, 1996 industries. chemical disaster. 11 Charter on Corporate New, Expansion, Guidelines to be followed for Responsibility for Modernization Corporate Responsibility for Environmental activities in Environmental Protection Protection industries. 12 The Factories Act, New, Expansion, An Act to amend the law 1948. Act No. 63 of Modernization regulating / promoting safety, 1948. (Amendment for activities in protecting against occupational 2016) industries. diseases and promoting health and hygiene in the workplace/ Factories 13 Indian Boiler New, Expansion, An act to regulate the boiler (Amendment) Modernization standards and its Regulations, 2015. activities in specifications. industries.

5 INTRODUCTION

• The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. (Amended 1988) • The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977. (Amended 1991) • Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. (Amended 1987) • The Environmental (Protection) Rules 1986. (Amended 2002) • The Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986. • The hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989 Under E.P.A. Act, 1986 (Amended 2000; 2003, 2008& 2016) • E- Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2016.

1.4 EIA CONSULTANT As per EIA notification 2006 & its subsequent amendments it is mandatory to evaluate the possible environmental attributes and their associated impacts that will occur due to proposed project and to delineate the management plan to prevent, control, mitigate or minimize the adverse environmental impacts envisaged. In this regard, the applicant has engaged M/s. ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited, Chennai, who is accredited by National Accreditation Board for Education and Training (NABET), Quality Council of India (QCI), New Delhi to conduct Environmental Impact Assessment Study & prepare Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate any adverse impacts to the Environment.

1.5 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT Every anthropogenic activity has some impact on the environment that often has a harmful effect on the environment. However, mankind as it is developed today cannot live without taking up these activities for their food, security and other daily needs. Therefore, harmonious developmental activities with proper environmental consideration are essential for any developmental activity. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important tool and essential technique available with the planners by which information about the environmental effects of a project is clearly understood. This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study undertaken is mainly focused on identification of environmental aspects of the project site, its impact on pre and post commissioning. A detailed prediction of all environmental impacts associated

6 INTRODUCTION

with the various activities during the construction and operation phases of the proposed project and suggesting suitable measures to navigate the observed adverse environmental impacts.

In other words, we can say that the purpose of an EIA is to determine the potential environmental, social and health effects of a proposed development. It is a systematic examination of the environmental consequences of projects, policies, plans and programs. Its main aim is to provide decision-makers with an account of the implications of alternative courses of action before a decision is made.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest& Climate Change (MOEF&CC), Government of India in its Notification (dated 14th September, 2006) on EIA directs that from the date of publication of this notification new projects or activities or the expansion or modernization of existing projects or activities listed in the schedule should undertake the EIA/EMP study before starting construction work/project activity. 1.6 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY The objectives of the study are:

• To establish the existing environmental setting of the project area based on information obtained from primary data and compilation of secondary data from published literature. • To evaluate potential environmental impacts from the project during construction and operational phases and identify appropriate mitigation measures. • To prepare an effective Environment Management Plan for proper implementation and monitoring of mitigation measures. • To develop post Environmental Clearance Monitoring programme. 1.7 SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY • Preparation of relevant application in consultation with the client and submission of Form 1 & Pre-feasibility study to MoEF&CC to obtain Terms of Reference.

• Presentation before EAC for approval of the Terms of Reference in connection

7 INTRODUCTION

with the application submitted. • Conducting Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies by collecting the baseline data on environmental parameters like air, water, noise level, land use pattern, soil, micrometeorological, existing level of traffic and communication, biological and archaeological components of study area and socio economic data in the study region. The normal practice is to carry out the study for a period of one season except monsoon. (i.e., Three Months) • Preparation of draft Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report after Identification of areas of concern and measures of their possible impact for the proposed project &proposing appropriate Environmental Management & Monitoring Plan • Submission of draft EIA report to KSPCB to conduct public consultation. • Submitting the Final EIA Report by incorporating proceedings of the public consultation to the MoEF&CC for Environmental Clearance; and • Final presentation before EAC for obtaining Environmental Clearance. 1.8 APPROVED TOR FOR EIA STUDY BY MOEF&CC The application for the scoping of the said project has been submitted to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), New Delhi. Presentation for the scoping of the project Terms of Reference (TOR) approval for EIA study was held on 09 September 2015. MOEF&CC has issued the TOR for the EIA study on 12 November 2015. Copy of the issued TOR has been annexed as Annexure – I. Due to delay in conducting Public Hearing the ToR validity expired on 11 November 2018, hence we sought ToR Extension for one more year i.e. up to 11 November 2019.

1.9 PLAN OF ACTION The following is the broad work plan of the consultant.

 Collection and collation of relevant data / information relating to the project from the concerned departments, agencies and identification of information gaps if any.

8 INTRODUCTION

 Review and analysis of secondary data collected as above to delineate the baseline status of various environmental components and socio economic parameters.  During the EIA study the applicable legal, policy and institutional frameworks will also be addressed. Additionally the environmental standards pertaining to air quality, water quality, noise emission and sewage/effluent discharge will be considered for selection of appropriate mitigation measures to maintain the assimilative capacity of environment. In a nutshell such standards will be used as a control mechanism to limit the possible impacts to environment.  Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality, Water Quality, Noise and Soil Quality at different locations within 10 km radius of the project site leading to the firming aup of information on the identified issues / constraints and possible mitigation measures thereof.  Discussions with various stake holders in the project to identify their views / concerns/expectations, their knowledge base with respect to the proposed project, their roles, etc. The outcome of such discussions would be complied and consolidated for incorporation in the report. Based on the assessment of impacts, proper mitigation measures shall be incorporated for the construction and operation phase of the project, along with Management plan, Monitoring plan and budget provisions for various Environmental aspects of the project. 1.10 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT The EIA report is prepared by taking into consideration the generic structure of EIA report given in the EIA Notification 2006.

Chapter 1:- INTRODUCTION Chapter 2:- PROJECT DESCRIPTION Chapter 3:- DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

9 INTRODUCTION

Chapter 4:- ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Chapter 5:- ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES Chapter 6:- ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM Chapter 7:- ADDITIONAL STUDIES Chapter 8:- PROJECT BENEFITS Chapter 9:- ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS Chapter 10:- ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Chapter 11:- SUMMARY & CONCLUSION Chapter 12:- DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

10 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND The proposed project is about the establishment of Canara Industrial Area at Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu village, Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada District over an extent of 236.93 Hectares (585.66 Acres). Satellite image of the project Site is given in Figure 2.1, Master Layout of the Project is given in the Figure 2.2, Topo map of the Project is given in the Figure 2.3. The land use break up pertaining to the project site is given below in Table 2.1.Within the proposed site layout a patch of forest land is coming which will not be disturbed. The No Objection Certificate from the Karnataka Forest Department is obtained which is annexed as Annexure IV. All the conditions given by Forest Department will be obeyed. The Netravati River flows at 4km distance on northern side of the project side. The proposed project site is located at comparatively higher altitude as well quite away from the flood plain of the Netravati River. The flood plain map of the Netravati River is appended as Figure 2.4. Table 2. 1 Land Use Breakup Details

11 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The proposed industrial area will include following infrastructure facilities:  Industrial Plots  STP  Internal roads with storm water drains  Solid Waste Disposal  Power supply and street lighting  Rain Water Harvesting System  Water supply network  Public utilities  Parking/Buffer zone area.  Green Belt Development

12 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Figure 2.1. Satellite image of the project Site (10 Km Radius)

13 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

NEED FOR THE PROJECT In order to improve the socio-economic status of the country, it is necessary to develop industries. The following benefits are identified due to the proposed development of Canara Industrial Area. • More employment opportunities will be generated. • There will be positive impacts on the socio economic status of the surrounding areas. • Physical infrastructure development such as improvement to roads, UGD lines, street lights etc., will take place. 2.2 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE SELECTION OF PROJECT SITE

The creation of new industries in Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district leads to industrialization and there will be substantial increase in population. The project will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities for the local people. The project will create additional employment during construction & operational phase. Additionally, certain works like security will be outsourced on contract. The secondary employment in the form of providing services to the employed manpower will also be developed in the neighboring villages. • Raw materials can be sourced locally. Hence the cost for procurement is less. • Increase in Market & Business Establishment facilities. • The State Government will benefit through revenue generation. 2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF THE PROJECT SITE

The project site is considerably remote area. There are no dense residential settlements within 500 m radius from site boundary. The environmental setting of the project site is given in Table 2.2. Table 2. 2 Environmental Settings of the Project Site S. No. Particulars Details 1 Geographical Location Latitude : 12°49'01.1"N Longitude: 74°58'58.0" E 2 Elevation above MSL 133 m AMSL

14 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

S. No. Particulars Details 3 Climatic Conditions  Maximum Temperature - 36.6 °C  Minimum Temperature - 26.1 °C  Average Rainfall – 3789.9 mm 4 Land Availability 236.93 Hectares (585.66 acres) 5 Nearest Highway NH 48 - Mangalore Bangalore Highway ≃ 8 km - N SH 101-Surathakal Kabaka ≃8.6 km – E 6 Nearest Railway station  Bantwal Railway station ≃ 8.9 km –NE 7 Nearest Airport  Mangaluru International Airport ≃ 17.5 Km –NW 8 Nearest Town/City Bantwal ≃ 8.9 –NE 9 Topography Undulating terrain 10 Archeologically important Nil within 15 km radius places 11 National parks / Wildlife Nil within 15 km radius Sanctuaries 12 Water bodies / Rivers  Netravati river ≃ 4.0 km –N  Uppala river ≃ 5.5 km – SE  Padar Lake ≃ 8 km -SE 13 Reserved / Forests  Kalanjimale Reserved Forest ≃ 6.3 km –SSE  Virakhamba Reserved Forest ≃ 9.4 km –E 14 Seismicity Seismic zone-III (Moderate) 15 Defense installations Nil within 15 km radius 2.4 EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE a) Infrastructure - Major industries in Dakshina Kannada are concentrated around Mangalore and major information technology has started locating their facilities around Bantwal taluk. • Church of St.Thomas ‘The Apostle’

15 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

• Sheikh Moulavi Darga Sharief & Masjid • Shri Vinayaka Shankaranarayana Durghamba Kshethra b) Key Industries • Canara Workshops Ltd • Ruchi Soya Industries Limited • Infosys Technologies c) Educational Institutions • DKZHP School • Mangalore University • Suraj Educational and Charitable Trust • P A College of Engineering • Bearys Institute of Technology • Shrinivas College of Pharmacy • P A Polytechnic College • Sahyadri Educational Institutions and Engineering College • SVS College • Kairangala Kannada School 2.5 PROPOSED ZONING OF INDUSTRIES 1. Food Processing 2. General Engineering 3. Wood & Plywood 4. Agro Industries Zone

16 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Figure 2.2 Master Layout with proposed zoning of Industries of the Project

17 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Figure 2.3. Topo map of the Project

18 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Figure 2.4. Flood Plain map of the Netravati River

19 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.6 CONNECTIVITY TO THE PROJECT SITE

The project site is located at Bantwal Taluk and Dakshina Kannada District. The project site is well connected by road, rail and air. Mangalore International Airport is around 17.5 km North West from the project site. The SH 101 connecting Surathakal to Kababa is 8.6 km on East direction, NH 48 Mangalore Bangalore Highway is about 8 km on North direction. Bantwal Railway Station is about 8.9 km on North East direction from the site. The road connectivity map is given in Figure 2.5.Traffic study of the project area is given as Annexure II.

Existing Road Connectivity The site is well connected with National Highway & State Highways. Mudipu-Chelur- Panemangaluru road and Mangalore-Mudipu-Bakrabali road is passing adjacent to the site.

Figure 2.5. Roads and Built up Area

20 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.7 OCCUPANCY DETAILS

A total number of 250 persons will be required during construction phase, inclusive of workmen, supervisors, engineers, architects and managers.

2.8 POWER REQUIREMENT

The power requirement for the proposed development is 34.20MW. The source of power will be from Mangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited (MESCOM).

A 1000 KVA DG set will be operated to meet the emergency power requirements with fuel (HSD) assumption of 80 lit/hr.

2.9 WATER SUPPLY

The estimated water demand during the construction phase is 125 KLD (approx.), 25 KLD for labors and 100 KLD for construction activities and water demand during the operation phase is 4 MLD. During construction phase the water required will be sourced from tanker supply and the water for the operation phase will be sourced from the Netravati River through Irrigation Department. Approval letter from the Mangaluru Municipal Corporation for the same is attached as Annexure III. Water Balance for the proposed project is given in Figure 2.6.

21 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Figure 2.6. Water Balance Diagram

22 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.10 SEWAGE GENERATION

Quantity of sewage generated during the construction phase will be 20.0 KLD. During operation phase sewage generated will be treated in the Sewage Treatment Plant of the respective industry. The estimated sewage generation during operation phase will be 1.2 MLD. The treated water shall be reused for toilet flushing, gardening etc. and the wastewater generated from the industries is 3.314 MLD, which is treated in their respective Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP). The treated water will be reused for industrial purposes like cooling, heat exchangers, boilers, cleaning equipment’s etc. The location of the STP and ETP are marked in the layout map of the industrial area which is enclosed in Annexure VII.

a) Design Parameters – Raw Sewage Quality Table 2. 3 Wastewater Characteristics

Industrial Waste S.No. Parameter Sewage Unit Water 1. pH 6.5 – 8.0 6.5 – 8.0 --- 2. Oil & Grease 25 50 mg/l

3. Biological Oxygen Demand 200 - 275 2000 - 2500 mg/l (BOD5) 4. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 300 - 400 3000 - 3500 mg/l 5. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 500 5000 mg/l 6. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 1000 10,000-12,000 mg/l

b) Treated Water Quality The treated effluent quality to be guaranteed as per the standards prescribed by CPCB is as below: Table 2. 4 Final Treated Wastewater Characteristics Industrial S.No Parameter Unit STP Individual ETP 1. pH --- 6.5 – 7.5 6.5 – 8.0 2. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) mg/l <30 <20

23 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) mg/l <250 <50 4. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mg/l <100 <30 5. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/l <2100 <1000

Table 2. 5 General Standards for discharge of environmental pollutants [Concentration in mg/l except pH & Temperature] On Land S.No Parameters Into inland for Marine Coastal Areas surface waters Irrigation 1 pH 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 2 BOD (3days at 27°C) 30 100 100 3 Oil & Grease 10 10 20 4 Temperature Shall not exceed - 45 °C at the point of 40 °C in any discharge section of the stream within 15 meters down steam from the effluent outlet 5 Suspended solids (a) For process waste water- 100 (b) For cooling water 100 200 effluent, 10% above total suspended matter of effluent cooling water 6 Dissolved 2100 2100 - Solids(inorganic) 7 Total residue chlorine 1.0 - 1.0 8 Ammonical 50 - 50 nitrogen(asN) 9 Total Kjeldahl 100 - 100 nitrogen(as N) 10 Chemical Oxygen 250 - 250 Demand 11 Arsenic(as As) 0.2 0.2 0.2 12 Mercury(as Hg) 0.01 - 0.01 13 Lead (as Pb) 0.1 - 1.0

24 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

[Concentration in mg/l except pH & Temperature] On Land S.No Parameters Into inland for Marine Coastal Areas surface waters Irrigation 14 Cadmium (as Cd) 1.0 - 2.0 15 Total Cadmium (as Cr) 2.0 - 2.0 16 Copper(as Cu) 3.0 - 3.0 17 Zinc(as Zn) 5.0 - 15 18 Selenium(as Se) 0.05 - 0.05 19 Nickel (as Ni) 3.0 - 5.0 20 Boron (as B) 2.0 2.0 - 21 Percent Sodium - 60 - 22 Cyanide (as CN) 0.2 0.2 0.2 23 Chloride (as Cl) 1000 600 - 24 Fluoride (as F) 2.0 - 15 25 Sulphate (as SO4) 1000 1000 - 26 Sulphide (as S) 2.8 - 5.0 27 Pesticides Absent Absent Absent 28 Phenolic compounds(as 1.0 - 5.0 C6H5OH) Note: All efforts should be made to remove color and unpleasant odor as far as possible. 2.11 SOLID WASTE GENERATION, COLLECTION, TRANSPORT & DISPOSAL a) General The industries involved in the manufacturing/ production sections will produce the Industrial fraction of waste and the non-production sections such as administration buildings, green spaces, roads and the working population will generate the Municipal Solid Waste. The quantities of waste likely to be generated from the proposed project have been estimated on the basis of population and land use characteristics. For management of industrial waste individual units may consider having an agreement with the nearest Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facility (TSDF) operator to dispose the hazardous waste and 4.93 Acre is provided for Solid Waste Disposal for operational phase.

25 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The industries generating solid waste have to manage such waste by themselves and are required to seek authorizations from Karnataka Pollution Control Boards under relevant rules. b) Waste Quantification The quantities of waste likely to be generated from the manufacturing and non- manufacturing phases have been estimated on the basis of population and land use characteristics. Table 2.6 presents the estimated solid waste quantities from the proposed project. Table 2. 6 Estimated Solid Waste Quantity from Canara Industrial Area Solid Waste Area in Unit Demand Type of Land Use Population Generation Acres kg/cap/day kg/cap/day Industries 342.17 25287.5 0.2 5057.5 Commercial 15.73 717 0.2 143.4 Civic Amenities & 29.28 2928 0.2 585.6 Utilities Park & Buffer zone 88.72 0 0.1 6.5 Transport & Parking 29.28 0 0.1 292.8 Area Roads 55.56 0 0.1 3.4 Total 560.74 28932 --- 6089

The industries which generate solid waste have to be managed by the respective industry itself and it requires authorization from Karnataka Pollution Control Board under relevant rules. The Canara Industrial area development will also generate Solid Waste from Non-Manufacturing/ non-production sections of the Industrial Units such as Administration blocks, Canteen, Toilets, Utilities, etc. The total quantity of solid waste generated is 6089 Kg/day and the sludge generated from STP is 14 Kg/day. The solid waste will be treated using Organic Waste Converter. The details of the Organic Waste Converter are given as Annexure VI.

26 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1 INTRODUCTION Baseline Environmental Studies have been conducted within the project site to determine the existing status of various Environmental attributes viz., Climatic and Atmospheric conditions, Air, Water, Noise, Soil, Hydro geological, Land use pattern, Ecological and Socio-Economical environment, prior to setting up of the proposed project. This study would help to undertake corrective mitigation measures for protection of the environment on account of any change deviation of attributes due to activities of the proposed project. 3.2 SCOPE OF THE BASELINE STUDY An area of 10 km radius around the project site is considered as the study area for the purpose of the baseline studies. Primary data on Water, Air, Land, Flora, Fauna & Socio- Economic data were collected by a team of Engineers and Scientists. Secondary data was collected from various Departments of State/Central Government Organizations, Semi-Government and Public Sector Organizations. Table 3.1 gives various environmental attributes considered for formulating environmental baseline and Table 3.2 gives the frequency and monitoring methodology for various environmental attributes.

Table 3. 1 Various Environmental Attributes

S. Attribute Parameter Source of Data No. 1 Land Use Trend of land use change for Topo sheet different categories 2 Water Physical, Chemical and Biological Water samples are collected Quality parameters at seven locations during the study period

3 Ambient Air PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO, NH3& Ambient air quality Quality VOCs monitoring at six locations 4 Noise levels Noise levels in dB(A) Noise level monitoring at six locations

27 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

5 Ecology Existing terrestrial flora and Secondary sources and Field fauna within the 10 km radius of survey project influence area 6 Geology Geological history Secondary sources 7 Soil Soil types and samples analyzed Data collected from for physical and chemical secondary sources and soil parameters. sample analysis at six locations 8 Socio Socio-economic characteristics of Based on field survey and economic the affected area data collected from Aspects secondary sources

Table 3. 2 Frequency and Monitoring Methodology

Sampling Measurement Attributes Remarks Network Frequency Method A. Air Environment Requisite Gravimetric As per CPCB

Particulate Matter (PM10) locations in (High- Volume standards the project with Cyclone) under 24 hourly influence Gravimetric November

Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) area (High- Volume 18th 2009 with Cyclone) Notification Requisite EPA Modified for NAAQS

Oxides of Sulphur (SO2) locations in West & Gaeke the project method 24 hourly influence Arsenite

NOx area Modified, Jacob &Hochheiser B. Noise Hourly equivalent noise Requisite Once Instrument : IS: 4954 levels locations in Noise 1968 the project level meter influence area C. Water Parameters for water Set of grab Once Samples for water quality: pH, temp, turbidity, samples At quality collected Total hardness, total requisite and

28 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

alkalinity, chloride, locations for analyzed as per IS sulphate, nitrate, fluoride, ground and : 2488 (Part 1-5) sodium, potassium, surface methods for Electrical Conductivity, water sampling and Ammonical nitrogen, testing of Nitrate-Nitrogen total Industrial phosphorus, , BOD, COD, effluents Standard Calcium, Magnesium, Total methods for Dissolved Solids, Total examination of Suspended Solids water and wastewater analysis published by American Public Health Association. D. Land Environment Parameter for soil quality: Requisite Once Collected and pH, texture, electrical soil samples analyzed as per conductivity, organic be collected soil analysis matter, nitrogen, as per BIS reference book, phosphate, sodium, calcium, specification M.L.Jackson potassium and Magnesium. within project influence area 3.3 TEMPERATURE Higher rates of relative humidity observed between October to December i.e.55 to 86 %. During summer the temperature ranges between 21°C to 36°C and winter temperature ranges between 18°C to 36°C. The minimum and maximum temperature for study period is 19°C & 36°C. The site specific meteorological data for the study period of October 2015 to December 2015 is given in Table 3.3, 3.4, & 3.5. Table 3. 3: Site Specific Metrological data for October 2015 Summary Air Temp. (oC ) Relative Wind Speed Wind Max Min Humidity (%) (kmph) direction 1.10.15 30 23 87 7 WSW 2.10.15 32 23 79 8 SW

29 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.10.15 31 24 86 5 N 4.10.15 30 24 86 9 SE 5.10.15 29 24 94 5 W 6.10.15 29 22 89 9 SE 7.10.15 30 23 88 11 SE 8.10.15 29 23 87 9 SE 9.10.15 29 23 89 9 ESE 10.10.15 30 23 85 10 ESE 11.10.15 31 23 80 9 SE 12.10.15 31 24 82 7 WSW 13.10.15 31 24 83 6 NW 14.10.15 32 23 81 6 E 15.10.15 32 24 78 5 W 16.10.15 32 24 84 3 N 17.10.15 32 25 82 4 N 18.10.15 33 25 78 5 N 19.10.15 33 25 77 7 SE 20.10.15 33 24 80 5 ESE 21.10.15 32 24 82 7 E 22.10.15 31 22 81 5 E 23.10.15 32 24 82 4 N 24.10.15 33 24 73 7 E 25.10.15 34 23 72 6 E 26.10.15 33 23 79 5 N 27.10.15 29 23 84 5 ESE 28.10.15 32 23 81 7 ESE 29.10.15 31 22 79 8 ESE 30.10.15 32 23 78 6 E 31.10.15 34 23 75 8 ESE Table 3. 4: Site Specific Metrological Data for November 2015 Summary Air Temp. (oC ) Relative Wind Speed Wind Max Min Humidity (%) (kmph) direction 1.11.15 31 23 85 7 ESE 2.11.15 32 23 83 9 ESE 3.11.15 31 23 80 8 W 4.11.15 31 23 82 7 W 5.11.15 30 24 89 4 W 6.11.15 32 23 81 4 NNW

30 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Summary Air Temp. (oC ) Relative Wind Speed Wind Max Min Humidity (%) (kmph) direction 7.11.15 33 23 71 7 W 8.11.15 32 24 75 4 N 9.11.15 30 23 80 3 N 10.11.15 32 23 74 4 NNW 11.11.15 28 23 84 3 SSE 12.11.15 33 23 76 7 SW 13.11.15 32 23 81 17 N 14.11.15 33 23 69 5 E 15.11.15 30 22 71 4 N 16.11.15 32 23 72 4 E 17.11.15 33 23 67 8 E 18.11.15 33 25 67 5 N 19.11.15 32 25 69 6 W 20.11.15 32 24 77 7 E 21.11.15 33 22 77 7 N 22.11.15 34 23 74 8 ESE 23.11.15 34 25 72 5 N 24.11.15 33 24 85 13 N 25.11.15 34 23 70 7 E 26.11.15 33 21 67 9 ESE 27.11.15 33 21 68 5 N 28.11.15 33 24 75 8 N 29.11.15 33 22 64 7 E 30.11.15 34 24 75 6 E Table 3. 5 Site Specific Metrological Data for December 2015 Summary Air Temp. (oC ) Relative Wind Speed Wind Max Min Humidity (%) (kmph) direction 1.12.15 33 23 72 19 N 2.12.15 33 24 71 6 N 3.12.15 33 24 73 5 N 4.12.15 34 23 64 6 ESE 5.12.15 34 22 57 8 E 6.12.15 34 24 57 7 E 7.12.15 34 24 65 5 N 8.12.15 31 24 69 7 ESE 9.12.15 34 23 67 6 N

31 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Summary Air Temp. (oC ) Relative Wind Speed Wind Max Min Humidity (%) (kmph) direction 10.12.15 34 23 72 4 E 11.12.15 33 24 74 7 ESE 12.12.15 34 24 75 5 N 13.12.15 32 24 80 6 WNW 14.12.15 31 24 82 7 ESE 15.12.15 32 23 80 4 N 16.12.15 32 23 77 5 ESE 17.12.15 33 23 77 5 SE 18.12.15 33 23 71 7 E 19.12.15 33 22 73 6 E 20.12.15 34 22 73 9 ESE 21.12.15 32 23 75 7 ESE 22.12.15 34 22 73 7 N 23.12.15 34 22 69 7 SE 24.12.15 34 22 70 7 E 25.12.15 34 21 66 7 ESE 26.12.15 33 22 64 9 ESE 27.12.15 34 21 54 8 N 28.12.15 34 22 65 8 E 29.12.15 35 19 52 6 E 30.12.15 36 20 53 7 E 31.12.15 35 20 47 5 E Table 3. 6 Temperature (oC) data from 2011 to 2015

Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2011 26 28 28 28 29 26 25 25 24 27 28 28 2012 27 28 29 29 25 26 28 25 27 28 27 33 2013 27 28 29 29 29 26 25 26 26 27 28 27 2014 27 28 29 30 29 28 26 25 26 28 28 27 2015 27 28 29 28 28 27 26 26 27 28 28 28

32 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Temperature 2011-2015 35

25 2011 20 2012 15 2013

Temperature Temperature oC 10 2014 2015 5

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Months

Figure 3. 1 Temperature Data From 2011-2015

3.4 WIND PATTERN AT PROPOSED SITE

Meteorological data collected from the nearest Mangalore IMD station to understand the wind pattern of the area. Predominant wind direction and wind speed data, based on observation at nearest Mangalore IMD stations for the period 12 months, is given in Table 3.7.

Table 3. 7 Wind Data (2015) Mean wind speed Mean wind speed Month Month (kmph) Annual (kmph) Annual January 7 July 5 February 8 August 6 March 8 September 7 April 7 October 7 May 7 November 7 June 9 December 7 Source: IMD Mangalore Mean wind speed and wind directions are as under, • 5 kmph -min (July)

33 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

• 9 kmph -max (June) Wind rose for the month of October to December 2015 is given in Figures 3.2, 3.3 & 3.4.

Figure 3. 2 Wind Rose diagram for October 2015

34 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3. 3 Wind Rose diagram for November 2015

Figure 3. 4 Wind Rose diagram for December 2015

35 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

 In the month of October – 2015, pre dominant wind direction was WNW and average wind speed was about 6.7 m/s.

 In the month of November– 2015, pre dominant wind direction was west and average wind speed was about 6.7 m/s.

 In the month of December – 2015, pre dominant wind direction was west and average wind speed was about 6.7 m/s. 3.5 RAINFALL

Dakshina Kannada district on the West Coast of India experiences a typical maritime climate. The district is marked by heavy rainfall, high humidity and oppressive weather in hot season. Generally, the weather is hot and humid throughout the year. In the eastern part of the district i.e., along the Western Ghats, the weather is comparatively cooler than in the western coastal areas.5 years rainfall data is given in below Table 3.8.

Table 3.8 Rainfall data from 2011 to 2015

Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2011 0 0.8 3.1 83.6 98.6 1049.0 1081.9 959.6 525.7 272.0 149.7 0.0 2012 0 0.3 1.1 113.0 37.4 749.9 680.8 1127.3 423.8 150.2 90.1 0.9 2013 0.7 25.3 32.5 33.5 102.5 1228.1 1445.5 653.5 379.7 288.3 78.2 16.8 2014 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.98 1.52 198.36 560.55 504.17 177.29 14.22 15.23 6.35 2015 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 59.69 329.44 478.77 278.64 110.48 56.13 92.72 0.25

Rainfall Data 2011-2015 1600 1400 1200 1000 2011 800 2012 600 2013 400 Rainfall Rainfall mm in 2014 200 0 2015 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Months

Figure 3. 5 Rainfall Data From 2011-2015

36 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.6 RELATIVE HUMIDITY Table 3. 9 Humidity data from 2011 to 2015

Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2011 62 66 68 71 87 89 88 85 79 73 65 74

2012 61 66 67 69 72 85 91 87 83 79 69 62

2013 70 65 65 73 71 84 88 91 80 74 65 59

2014 63 66 64 69 75 85 90 89 83 78 71 64

2015 66 60 71 64 74 86 88 86 84 83 79 62

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 3. 6 Humidity Data From 2011-2015 3.7 NATURAL HAZARD VULNERABILITY

a) Seismicity

The Geological Survey of India has identified Dakshina Kannada District as Moderate earthquake-prone region and categorized in Seismic III Zone. The Seismic zone map of India is given in Figure 3.7.

37 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3.7 Seismic Zone Map of India

So it is clear that the proposed site is not prone to earthquake & it is in stable zone. 3.8 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE SITE

The topography of the district varies from plain to undulated terrains at various locations. An interesting feature of the coastal strip and the middle belt is that, it is not a plane but a series of estuarine low lands separated by numerous hill ranges. The coastal

38 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

tract is the most densely populated part of the district and is the most fertile belt. The middle belt again has an undulated topography with hills and dales.

The district is characterized by sandy soil along the coastal belt and lateritic soil in other parts with high iron and aluminum contents. Laterites stones are available more in the high plain of interior district which are useful for construction purpose. There is rich deposit of alluvial soil in the valleys and ravine bases. To the east of the coastal region the soil is suitable for growing Are canut, Banana, Cocoa and Rubber.

3.9 LAND USE PATTERN-REMOTE SENSING DATA

The basic purpose of land use pattern and classification in an EIA study is to identify the manner in which different parts of land area is utilized or not utilized. Remote sensing data provides reliable accurate baseline information for land use mapping as it is a rapid method of acquiring up-to-date information of over a large geological area.

Studies on land use aspects of eco-system play an imperative role in identifying susceptible issues and to take appropriate action to uphold ecological equilibrium in the region. The main objective of this section is to provide a baseline status of the study area covering 10 km radius around the proposed plant site so that temporal changes due to the industrial activities on the surroundings can be assessed in future.

The objectives of Land use Pattern are to:

 Determine the present Land use pattern  Analyze the impacts on Land use due to the proposed plant site in the study area  Study area with proposed unit as epicenter 10 km radius from the core area of 5.45 Ha boundaries is considered for land use study.

Satellite Data: The Satellite IRS P-6 LISSIV images are obtained from National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) Hyderabad. The latitude and longitudes as observed in the site by GPS are

39 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Co-ordinates:

S.No Lattitude Longitude 1 12°49'01.1" 74°58'58.0"

The satellite image of the site is presented in Fig. 2.1

Topographical Data: Topographical maps of Survey of India (SOI) were obtained for land use study as well to develop contour and drainages pattern of area from

D43U13, D43V01, D43V02, D43U14

Methodology: The overall methodology adopted and followed to achieve the objectives of the present study involves the following:

• Collection of source data of Survey of India (SOI) topo sheets. These are the main inputs for the preparation of essential layers. • Satellite data of IRS P-6 LISSIV sensor is geometrically corrected and enhanced using principal component method and nearest neighborhood resampling technique. • Preparation of basic themes like layout map, transport & settlement map and contour map from the source data. Then updating of layout map, transport map and drainage map from the satellite image by visual interpretation. • Essential maps (related to natural resources) like Land use / Land cover map are prepared by visual interpretation of the satellite imagery. Visual interpretation is carried out based on the image characteristics like tone, size, shape, pattern, texture, location, association, background etc. in conjunction with existing maps/ literature • Preliminary quality check and necessary corrections are carried out for all the maps prepared. • All the maps prepared are converted into soft copy by digitization of contours and drainages. In that process editing, labeling, mosaicking, quality checking, data integration etc. are done, finally Land use areas are measured in Sq.km.

40 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.9.1 Land use Map Analysis

Land use Map Analysis carried out based on the image color, texture, Tone etc. Following steps are used to analyze the Land use pattern of project site:

• Collection of scanned topo sheets and Geo-reference the scanned image using the available coordinates • Collection of IRS LISS IV images and made fused and blended the images for color combinations using Image interpreter-Utilities and Layer stack option available in ERDAS • Identification Area of interest (AOI) and made a buffer of 10 km radius. • Enhance the Fused and blended LISS IV image using the Spatial, Radiometric and Temporal options in ERDAS • Rectified the LISS IV image using Geo-referencing technique, Toposheet to get UTM coordinate system • Subset the LISS images and Toposheet using 10 km buffer AOI • Automatic classifications done for LISS IV images using maximum iterations and number of options in unsupervised classification options • Created the signature file by selecting the more samples of different features with AOI on Unsupervised classification image • Visual interpretation and supervised classification mixed with recoding practice • Verified through the QC / QA and finalized the data.

3.9.1.1 Spatial Data from SOI Topographical Sheets

Creating a GIS spatial database is a complex operation, and is the heart of the entire work; it involves data capture, verification and structuring processes. Raw geographical data are available in many different analogue and digital form such as topo sheets, aerial photographs, satellite imageries and tables. Out of all these sources, the source of topo sheets is of much concern to natural resource scientist and an environmentalist.

41 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

In the present study, the essential maps generated from SOI topographical maps. Using the topographical maps, the drainage map and contour Map were also developed. The maps are prepared to a certain scale and with attributes complying with the requirement of terms of reference (ToR). The location of entities on the earth’s surface is then specified by means of an agreed co-ordinate system. For most GIS, the common frame of co-ordinate system used for the study is UTM co-ordinates system. All the maps are first Geo-referenced. The same procedure is also applied on remote sensing data before it is used to prepare the Essential maps.

There is a road network connecting built-up areas. As the terrain conditions are alluvial type soil and site elevation bit undulations also there is a drainage network around the site location, there is no chance of flooding. Hence risk factors are less. Bird sanctuaries located in the study area.

3.9.1.2 Contour Map and Elevations of Study Area

The contours in Toposheet have been digitized in the GIS environment and assigned the respective elevation values in meters with reference to the mean sea level. Using the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) data, the elevation values has been verified. Thereafter final contour map has been prepared with combination of Toposheet and SRTM ith contour interval of 10 m. Project site contours vary from 120m to 123 m above MSL and the study area contours vary from 20 m to 190 m above MSL. From the project site the No high range hill area were observed towards North West direction and the lowest contours were observed in South west direction. While the remaining areas showed variations with respect to contours. Contour Map and Elevations of Study Area is presented in Fig.3.8 and Fig.3.9.

42 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3.8 Contour Map

3.9.1.3 Topography (Digital Elevation Model)

A digital elevation model (DEM) is a digital representation of ground surface topography or terrain. It is also widely known as a digital terrain model (DTM). A DEM can be represented as a raster (a grid of squares, also known as a height map when representing elevation) or as a triangular irregular network. The proposed plant location is shown in that Relief map. For the relief study of the area very higher quality SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) and DEM is downloaded. These DEMs of the Terra represents elevation at a 30 m resolution.

43 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3.9 DEM Map

3.9.1.4 Land use land cover statistics of buffer zone

Map showing the Land Use Land Cover classification in the study area is presented in Fig.3.4.11 it is clearly that the area is covered with Fallow Land around 27 % respectively of the total area. which is taken up for non-cultivation but is temporarily allowed to rest, un-cropped for one or more season, but not less than one year. Thus, total non-cultivable land is 27 %.Other class is Around the Fallow edges the Settlement (Built-up area) is located and occupies around 9 %, and Roads 7 % of the total study area. It is an area of human habitation developed due to non-agricultural use and that has a cover of buildings, transport and communication, utilities in association with water, vegetation and vacant lands. The open scrub is 13% respectively in the total study area. Dense scrub is 5%. The proposed project is on Open scrub with bit undulations terrain and does not have any significant impact on the surrounding

44 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

villages and habitation. The water bodies cover 10% of the total area. The water bodies cover Netravati river and small dry ponds .Forest area covering around 4% .These area have a very prominent signature and can be seen as almost Dark blue and light blue in the satellite image. The statistical break-up of the land use classes of buffer zone are presented in Table 3.10 and depicted in Fig. 3.10. Table 3. 10 Land Use Land Covers Statistics of Buffer Zone

SL No LULC_Class Area (Ha) Area (%) 1 WaterBodies 3100.00 10% 2 Open scrub 4100.00 13% 3 BuiltUp 2700.00 9% 4 Dense Scrub 1700.00 5% 5 Forest 1300.00 4% 6 Roads 2100.00 7% 7 Railways 1700.00 5% 8 Plantation 1000.00 3% 9 Fallow Land 8300.00 27% 10 Rockynob 1300.00 4% 11 Stone quarry 900.00 3% 12 Rock outcrop 1100.00 4% 13 Fairly dense scrub 850.00 3% 14 Open Jungle 950.00 3% Total 31100.00 100%

45 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3.10 Land Use Map

46 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Landuse statistics WaterBodies

Open scrub

4% BuiltUp 3% 3% 3% 4% 10% Dense Scrub 13% Forest

9% Roads 27% 5% Railways 4% 5% 7% Plantation

Fallow Land

3% Rockynob

Stone quarry

Fig. 3.11: Graphical Presentation of Land Use Statistics

3.10 AIR ENVIRONMENT

The prime objective of baseline air monitoring is to evaluate the existing air quality of the area during the construction and operation phase of the proposed project. This section describes the selection of sampling locations, methodology adopted for sampling, analytical techniques and frequency of sampling. The results of ambient air monitoring carried out during the study period in the month of October, November and December 2015 given below. This will also be useful for assessing the conformity to NAAQ standards.

3.10.1 Selection of sampling location

The baseline status of the air quality in the study area has been assessed through a scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network. The design of

47 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

monitoring network in the air quality surveillance has been based on the following considerations;

• Meteorological conditions • Topography of the study area • Locations where air quality is likely to be impacted as a result of localized activities or disturbances & site specific conditions

Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring stations were set up at Six locations with due consideration to the above mentioned points. The locations of the selected stations are given in Table 3.11and shown in Figure 3.12. Table 3. 11 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Location Latitude & Distance Elevation Location Direction* Code Longitude in Km* in AMSL N-12°49’09.10” AAQ1 Project Site - - 424 E-74°59’14.95” N-12°50’00.00” AAQ2 Boliyar NW 2.55 68 E-74°58’07.07” N-12°47’31.39” AAQ3 Kairankala SW 3.79 330 E-74°57’59.03” N-12°48’17.65” AAQ4 Mudipu WSW 3.16 362 E-74°57’43.73” N-12°48’58.40” AAQ5 Manchi E 4.67 243 E-75°01’48.64” N-12°46’36.84” AAQ6 Bakrabail S 4.74 231 E-74°59’31.53”

48 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3. 12 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 3.10.2 Instruments for Sampling

Respirable Dust Samplers APM 460 BL of Envirotech was used for monitoring

Particulate matter (PM10) and Fine Particulate Samplers APM 550 of Envirotech was used for monitoring (PM2.5). For gaseous pollutants APM 411 has been used along with APM-460.

3.10.3 Sampling and Analytical Technique

The air inlet has a circular symmetry so that air entry is unaffected by wind direction and is designed to keep out rain, insects and very large particles. The inlet section immediately leads to an impactor stage designed to trap particles with an aerodynamic

49 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

diameter larger than 10 microns. Thus the air stream in the down tube consists of only medium and fine particulates. The streamlined air flow of the down tube is accelerated through the nozzle of the well-shaped impactor/designed to trap medium size particulates with an aerodynamic diameter between 2.5 and 10 microns. To avoid sampling errors due to the tendency of small particles to bounce off the impaction surface a 37mm diameter GF/A paper immersed in silicone oil is used as an impaction surface. The air stream leaving the WINS impactor consists of microns. These fine particles are collected on a special Teflon membrane filter of 47 mm diameter. Modified West and Gaeke method (IS – 5182 part – II, 1969) has been adopted for estimation of

SO2 and Arsenite Modified Jacob & Hochheiser has been adopted for estimation of NOX.

3.10.4 Calibration

Calibration charts have been prepared for all gaseous pollutants. The calibration is carried out whenever new absorbing solutions are prepared and used.

Table 3. 12 Techniques for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

S.No Parameter Test Methods Limits

1 Particulate Matter(PM10) µg/m3 IS: 5182 P23 100

2 Particulate Matter(PM2.5) µg/m3 EPA-40 CFR (PART-50) 60 3 Sulphur Dioxide µg/m3 Improved West and Gaeke 80 4 Nitrogen Oxide µg/m3 Modified Jacob &Hochheiser 80 5 Carbon Monoxide mg/m3 By Electro Chemical Sensor 2

3.10.5 Presentation of Data

Various statistical parameters like the average maximum and minimum values have been computed from the observed raw data for all the AAQ monitoring stations. These are compared with the standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for residential and Industrial zone. Pollutant specific monitoring results indicating

levels of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx & CO with respect to applicable standards are presented in Table 3.13.

50 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Table 3. 13 Summary of Ambient Air Monitoring

PM10 PM 2.5 SO2 NOX CO Code Location 98 98 98 98 Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Per Per Per Per Project AAQ1 38 51 44.8 50.6 14 21 17.2 20.7 5.0 5.5 5.3 5.4 7.6 9.7 8.6 9.5 Site AAQ2 Boliyar 40 54 47.6 53.6 16 23 19.1 22.7 5.3 6.2 6.1 5.6 8.4 10.5 9.3 10.3

AAQ3 Kairankala 37 48 42.8 47.8 13 20 16.7 19.8 5.0 6.0 5.6 5.9 9.1 11.4 10.2 11.2 BDL(<1) AAQ4 Mudipu 44 56 49.7 55.4 18 25 21.7 24.6 5.4 7.1 6.2 7.0 10.5 13.7 12.6 13.4

AAQ5 Manchi 35 44 39.7 43.6 13 18 15.5 17.3 5.1 5.7 5.4 5.6 8.3 10.6 9.5 10.4

AAQ6 Bakrabail 46 57 51.6 56.6 17 27 22.3 26.4 5.3 6.7 6.0 6.6 9.7 12.8 11.6 12.5

CPCB / MoEF&CC Standards

Industrial /Residential / 100 60 80 80 02 Rural and Other Area *PM10, PM 2.5, SOx &NO2 values are expressed in µg/m3and CO values are expressed in mg/m3

51 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.10.6 Observations

PM10 – A maximum value of 57µg/m3 was observed at Bakrabail (AAQ6). A minimum of 35µg/m3 was observed at Manchi (AAQ5).The 24 hours applicable limit for industrial/residential/rural area is 100µg/m3, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.

PM2.5 – The maximum value of 27µg/m3 was observed at Near Bakrabail (AAQ6). A minimum of 13µg/m3 was observed at Kairankala (AAQ3) and Manchi (AAQ5). The 24 hour’s applicable limit is 60µg/m3 for industrial/residential/rural areas, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.

SO2 - The maximum value of 7.1µg/m3 was observed at Near Mudipu (AAQ4). A minimum of 5.0µg/m3 was observed at project site (AAQ1) and Kairankala (AAQ3). The 24 hours applicable limit is 80µg/m3 for industrial/residential/rural areas, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.

NOX - The maximum value of 13.7µg/m3 was observed at Mudipu (AAQ4). A minimum of 7.6µg/m3 was observed at project site (AAQ1). The 24 hours applicable limit is 80µg/m3 for industrial/residential/rural areas, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.

CO – Carbon Monoxide values found below detectable limit.

Graphical Representation of PM10 & PM2.5

60 50 40 30 20 10 Values in µg/m3 0 Project Site Boliyar Kairankala Mudipu Manchi Bakrabail (AAQ1) (AAQ2) (AAQ3) (AAQ4) (AAQ5) (AAQ6) Sampling Locations

PM 10 Max PM 10 Min PM 2.5 max PM 2.5 Min

Figure 3. 13 Graphical Representation of PM10& PM2.5

52 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Graphical Representation of the SO2 & NOx 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 Values in µg/m3 the 0 Project Site Boliyar Kairankala Mudipu Manchi Bakrabail (AAQ1) (AAQ2) (AAQ3) (AAQ4) (AAQ5) (AAQ6) Sampling Locations

SO2 max SO 2 min NOx max NOx min

Figure 3.14 Graphical Representations of SO2 & NOx

3.11 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

The most common and universally accepted scale is the ‘A’ weighted scale which is measured as dB (A). The Environmental Impact Assessment of noise from the construction activity and vehicular traffic can be undertaken by taking into consideration various factors like potential damage to hearing, physiological responses and annoyance and general community responses. The environmental impact of noise can have several effects varying from Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of noise.

The impact of noise sources on surrounding community depends on: • Characteristics of noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in nature). It can be observed that steady noise is not as annoying as one which is continuously varying in loudness; • The time of day at which noise occurs, for example high noise levels at night in residential areas are not acceptable because of sleep disturbance; and • The location of the noise source, with respect to noise sensitive land use, which determines the loudness and period of exposure.

53 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Noise survey was conducted at 6 locations in the study area to assess the background noise levels in different zones viz., Residential, Industrial, Commercial and Silence zones. The main objective of noise monitoring in the study area is to establish the baseline noise levels and assess the impact of the total noise expected to be generated in the surrounding areas by the proposed project. The methodology involved in monitoring noise is given below. 3.11.1 Identification of Sampling Location

A preliminary reconnaissance survey was undertaken to identify the major noise generating sources in the area. The noise monitoring has been conducted at six locations in the study area. The environmental setting of noise monitoring locations is given in below Table 3.14 and shown in Figure 3.15.

Table 3.14 Noise Monitoring Locations

Distance Direction Location Latitude & w.r.t. Environmental Location w.r.t. project Code Longitude project Setting site site N-12°49’09.10” Empty land N1 Project Site - - E-74°59’14.95” N-12°50’00.00” N2 Boliyar NW 2.55 Residential Area E-74°58’07.07” N-12°47’31.39” N3 Kairankala WSW 3.79 Residential Area E-74°57’59.03” N-12°48’17.65” Industrial/Residential N4 Mudipu SW 3.16 E-74°57’43.73” Area N-12°48’57.20” Rural/Residential N5 Kurnad WSW 1.91 E-74°58’13.47” Area N-12°48’41.22” Rural/Residential N6 Ira SE 1.25 E-74°59’43.19” Area

54 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3.15 Noise Monitoring Locations

3.11.2 Instrument Used For Monitoring

Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter. The sound level meter measures the Sound Pressure Level (SPL), the Maximum Sound Pressure Level (max) and the equivalent continuous noise level (Leq) by switching on the corresponding function mode.

3.11.3 Method of Monitoring

Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements were taken at all locations, with an interval of 1 minute over a period of one hour for 24 hours. The day noise levels have been monitored during 6 am to 10 pm and night noise levels during 10 pm to 6 am at all the locations covered in the study area. Noise levels were recorded every one minute in the following manner. To obtain noise levels at 8 AM, noise readings, with setting at ‘A’

55 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT response – slow mode, were recorded continuously for 60 minutes. All the readings were obtained for 24 hours. These readings were later tabulated and the frequency distribution table was prepared.

Lday: Average noise levels between 6.00 hours to 22.00 hours.

Lnight Average noise levels between 22.00 hours to 6.00 hours. 3.11.4 Presentation of Result

The summary of computed ambient noise level parameters like Lday and Lnight, for all the sampling locations are presented in Table 3.15 and compared to the standards specified by CPCB mentioned below in Table 3.16 Graphical representation of the Noise levels is indicated in Figure 3.16.

Table 3. 15 Ambient Noise Levels Recorded in the Study Area dB(A)

Location Code Location Lday dB(A) Lnight dB(A) Leq dB(A) N1 Project Site 46.2 39.7 44.8 N2 Boliyar 47.4 41.2 46.1 N3 Kairankala 46.8 40.4 45.5 N4 Mudipu 48.7 41.6 47.3 N5 Kurnad 45.8 39.7 44.5 N6 Ira 45.5 39.2 44.4 Table 3. 16 Ambient Noise Standards [dB (A)]

Ambient Noise Standards L day L night Industrial Area 75 70 Commercial Area 65 55 Residential Area 55 45 Silence Zone 50 40 3.11.5 Observation

♦ Day Time Noise Level:-Noise levels during day time were found to be in the range 45.5 – 48.7 dB (A). The maximum noise level was observed to be 48.7 dB (A) at Mudipu (N4) and a minimum of 45.5 dB (A) was observed at Ira (N6). The monitored locations during the Day time are under the prescribed limit.

56 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

♦ Night Time Noise Levels: -Noise levels observed to fall in the range 39.2- 41.6 dB (A) during the night time. Maximum noise level of 41.6 dB (A) was observed at Mudipu (N4) and a minimum of 39.2 dB (A) at Ira (N6). The monitored locations during the night time are under the prescribed limit.

Graphical Representation of Noise level during day & Night time

30 dB(A) 20

0 Project Site Boliyar Kairankala Mudipu Kurnad Ira

Sampling Locations

Lday dB(A) Lnight dB(A)

Figure 3.16. Graphical Representation of Noise Levels

3.12 WATER REQUIREMENT

Selected water quality parameters of ground water resources within the study area have been considered for assessing the water environment. To assess the water quality of the study area, five ground water sampling locations & two surface water sampling locations were selected.

3.12.1 Selection of Sampling Location

Some general criteria for selecting appropriate surface water sampling sites will be summarized under the following points:

• Always have a reference station up-stream of all possible discharge points. The usual purpose of a monitoring exercise is to determine the degree of man induced

57 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

pollution and the damage that is caused. The reference station serves to assess the situation with respect to background water quality and biological aspects, • Sampling stations should be located upstream and downstream of significant pollution outfalls. 3.12.2 Water Sampling Location Water samples were collected from 5 Ground Water sampling locations& two surface water samples. These samples were collected as grab samples and were analyzed for various parameters. The water sampling locations are listed below in Table 3.17 and shown in Figure 3.17. Table 3. 17 Water Sampling Locations

Location Location Geographical Direction* Distance* Type of Code Location water Near Project N-12°48’21.50” Ground GW1 SW 1.94 Site E-74°58’30.68” Water N-12°49’58.52” Ground GW2 Boliyar NW 2.57 E-74°58’05.77” Water N-12°47’32.12” Ground GW3 Kairankala SW 4.00 E-74°57’46.00” Water N-12°48’19.14” Ground GW4 Mudipu WSW 3.24 E-74°57’38.68” Water N-12°49’04.16” Ground GW5 Manchi E 4.71 E-75°01’49.81” Water Sajipapadu N-12°51’16.08” Surface SW1 (Netravati E-74°58’04.67” NNW 4.46 Water River) N-12°45’04.19” Surface SW2 Anekallu S 7.54 E-74°59’40.80” Water *with respect to the project site

58 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3.17 Water Sampling Locations

3.12.3 Presentation of Result

The water sampling results are given in Table 3.18. The analysis results are compared with the standards for drinking water as per IS: 10500 –2012“Specification for drinking Water”.

59 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Table 3. 18 Results for Ground Water Analysis

S. Limit as per No Parameters Unit Test Method IS 10500 : GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 2012 1 Colour APHA 22nd Edition 5 Nil Nil 1 Nil Nil 2 Odour No Odour No Odour No Odour No Odour No Odour Unobjectionabl - APHA 22nd Edition e Observed Observed Observed Observed Observed 3 pH at 25°C IS : 3025 Part 11- 1983 - 6.5-8.5 6.74 7.05 6.34 6.96 7.22 (Reaff: 2002) 4 Electrical μS/cm IS : 3025 Part 14- 1984 Not Specified 474 713 416 683 1012 Conductivity, (Reaff: 2002) 5 Turbidity NTU IS : 3025 Part 10-1984 1 BDL(<0.5) 0.5 0.9 BDL(<0.5) BDL(<0.5) (Reaff: 2002) 6 Total mg/l IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 Dissolved 500 272 412 228 360 612 (Reaff: 2003) Solids 7 Total mg/l IS : 3025 Part 21-1983 Hardness as 200 160 236 102 194 310 (Reaff: 1998) CaCO3 8 Total mg/l IS : 3025 Part 23- Alkalinity as 200 122 210 110 182 280 1986(Reaff:2003) CaCO3 9 Chloride as Cl mg/l IS : 3025 Part 32-1988 250 71 102 55 94 145 (Reaff: 2003) 10 Sulphate as mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500- 28 10 14 66 2- 200 16 SO4 SO4 E

60 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

11 Fluoride as F mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500-F 1.0 0.23 0.41 0.33 0.33 0.71 B&D 12 Nitrate as mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500- 4 7.6 11 24 - 45 3.6 NO3 NO3 B 13 Ammonia as mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500- NH 3 0.5 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) N B&C 14 Sodium as Na mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 38 Not Specified 61 43 67 98 (Reaff:2003) 15 Potassium as mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 1.1 Not Specified 2.3 1.1 1.7 2.9 K (Reaff:2003) 16 Calcium as Ca mg/l IS : 3025 Part 40-1991 37 49 32 75 51 72 (Reaff:2003) 17 Magnesium mg/l 16.4 27.5 7.8 APHA 22nd EDITION 30 16.1 31.5 as Mg 18 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003 1 0.17 0.46 BDL(<0.05) 0.16 0.56 19 Manganese mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Mn 0.1 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) as Mn D 20 Phenolic mg/l APHA 22nd EDN 5530 compounds B,C,D 0.001 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) as Phenol 21 Copper as Cu mg/l IS:3025 Part 42 0.05 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) (Reaff:2003) 22 Mercury as mg/l nd APHA 22 EDN -3112B 0.001 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) Hg 23 Cadmium as mg/l nd APHA 22 EDN -3113 B 0.003 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) Cd 24 Selenium as mg/l nd APHA 22 EDN -3113B 0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) Se 25 Total Arsenic mg/l nd APHA 22 EDN -3113 B 0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) as As

61 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

26 Cyanide as mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-CN 0.05 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) CN E 27 Lead as Pb mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 28 Zinc as Zn mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3111 B 5 0.05 0.11 0.31 0.08 0.22 29 Total mg/l Chromium as APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.05 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) Cr 30 Nickel mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.02 BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) 31 Aluminium mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Al- 0.03 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) as Al B 2012 BDL-Below Detection Limit Table 3.19 Results for Surface Water Analysis S.No Parameters Unit Test method SW1 SW2 1 Colour Hazen APHA 22ND EDITION 7 10 2 Odour - APHA 22ND EDITION Odour Observed Odour Observed 3 Turbidity NTU IS : 3025 Part 10-1984 (Reaff: 2002) 1.7 3.2 4 pH at 25°C - IS : 3025 Part 11- 1983 (Reaff: 2002) 7.94 7.36 5 Electrical Conductivity, μS/cm IS : 3025 Part 14- 1984 (Reaff: 2002) 192 325 6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff: 2003) 103 172 7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 21-1983 (Reaff: 1998) 42 76 8 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 23- 1986(Reaff:2003) 60 82 9 Chloride as Cl mg/l IS : 3025 Part 32-1988 (Reaff: 2003) 30 47 10 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l APHA 22ND EDITION -4500- SO42- E 2 14 11 Fluoride as F mg/l APHA 22ND EDITION -4500-F B&D 0.23 0.64 12 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l APHA 22ND EDITION -4500- NO3- B 1 2.3

62 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

S.No Parameters Unit Test method SW1 SW2 13 Ammonia as NH3 mg/l APHA 22ND EDITION -4500- NH3 B&C 0.11 0.26 14 Phosphate as PO4 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 31-1988 (Reaff:2002) 0.05 0.25 15 Sodium as Na mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 (Reaff:2003) 19 27 16 Potassium as K mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 (Reaff:2003) 2.1 3.7 17 Calcium as Ca mg/l IS : 3025 Part 40-1991 (Reaff:2003) 8.2 18 18 Magnesium as Mg mg/l APHA 22ND EDITION 5.2 7.5 19 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003 0.27 0.63 20 Manganese as Mn mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Mn D BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) Phenolic compounds as mg/l APHA 22nd EDN 5530 B,C,D 21 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) Phenol 22 Copper as Cu mg/l IS:3025 Part 42 (Reaff:2003) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) 23 Mercury as Hg mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3112B BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) 24 Cadmium as Cd mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) 25 Selenium as Se mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113B BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 26 Total Arsenic as As mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 27 Cyanide as CN mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-CN E BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 28 Lead as Pd mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 29 Zinc as Zn mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3111 B 0.09 0.36 30 Total Chromium as Cr mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) 31 Nickel mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) 32 Aluminum as Al mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Al-B 2012 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) 33 Total Suspended Solids mg/l IS : 3025 Part 17-1984 (Reaff: 2002) 4 12 34 Anionic Surfactants as MBAS mg/l APHA 22ND EDITION BDL(<0.025) BDL(<0.025)

35 Dissolved Oxygen as O2 mg/l IS:3025:Part-38:1989 (Reaff:2003) 7.9 7.1

63 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

S.No Parameters Unit Test method SW1 SW2 36 Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l IS:3025:Part-58:2006 8 21 Bio-Chemical Oxygen 37 mg/l IS:3025:Part-44:1993 (Reaff:2003) <1 2.3 Demandat 27°C for 3 days MPN/ 38 Total Coliform IS 10500 – 1622 (1981) (Reaff – 2014) 26 300 100ml MPN/ 39 E coli IS 10500 – 1622 (1981)(Reaff – 2014) 4 40 100ml

64 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.12.4 Observations

The pH limit fixed for drinking water samples as per BIS 10500 (2012) Standards is 6.5 to 8.5 beyond this range the water will affect the mucus membrane and or water supply system. During the study period, the pH values of ground water were found to be within the range of 6.34 to 7.22 in 10 km radius from the proposed project. The pH values for surface water are found to be 7.94 and 7.36. The pH values for all the samples collected in the study area during study period were found to be within the limits. The requirement (Desirable Limit) of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) is 500 mg/l whereas the permissible limits in absence of alternate source is 2000 mg/l as per BIS 10500 (2012) standards, beyond this palatability decreases and may cause gastro intestinal irritation. In ground water samples collected from the study area, the Total Dissolved Solids are varying from 228 mg/l to 612 mg/l. In surface water, TDS found to be 103 to 172 mg/l.

The standard value of Chloride is 250 mg/l as per BIS 10500 (2012) Standards, beyond this limit taste, corrosion and palatability are affected. The Chloride levels in the ground water samples collected in the study area were ranging from 55 mg/l to 145 mg/l. Chloride levels in Surface water is found to be 30-47 mg/l. All are within the desirable limits.

The upper limit of hardness is 200 mg/l as per BIS 10500 (2012) Standards, beyond this limit encrustation in water supply structure and adverse effects on domestic use will be observed. In the ground water and surface water samples collected from the study area, the hardness is varying from 42 mg/l to 194 mg/l. Fluoride is the other important parameter, the standard limit is 1 mg/l - 1.5 mg/l as per BIS 10500 (2012) Standards; the values are observed between 0.23 to 0.71 mg/l in ground water & for surface water it was 0.23 mg/l & 0.64 mg/l. If the fluoride content is less than 0.6 mg/l it causes dental carries, above 1.5 mg/l it causes staining of tooth enamel, higher concentration in range of 3 - 10 mg/l causes fluorosis.

3.13 SOIL ENVIRONMENT

It is essential to determine the potential of soil in the area and identify the current impacts of urbanization and industrialization on soil quality and also predict impacts

65 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT due to the proposed construction. Accordingly, a study of assessment of baseline soil quality was carried out.

3.13.1 Data Generation

For studying soil quality of the region, six sampling locations were selected to assess the existing soil conditions in and around the project area representing various land use conditions. The physical and chemical concentrations were determined. The samples were collected from these different depths viz., 30cm, 60cm and 100cm.

The present study of the soil quality establishes the baseline characteristics and this will help in future in identifying the incremental concentrations if any, due to the operation of the proposed project. The sampling locations have been identified with the following objectives: • To determine the baseline soil characteristics of the study area • To determine the impact of industrialization on soil characteristics and • To determine the impact on soils more importantly from agricultural productivity point of view.

Six locations in the study area were selected for soil sampling. At each location, soil samples were collected from three different depths viz., 30cm, 60cm, and 100cm below the surface. The samples were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics. The samples have been analyzed as per the established scientific methods for Physio- Chemical parameters. 3.13.2 Soil Sampling The details of the sampling locations selected for soil sampling are given in Table 3.20 and the map showing the same given below in Figure 3.18.

Table 3.20 Soil Sampling Locations Location Location Latitude & Longitude Direction* Distance* Code N-12º49’09.10” S1 Project Site - - E-74º59’14.95” N-12º49’57.86” S2 Boliyar NW 2.62 E-74º58’03.08”

66 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

N-12º47’23.91” S3 Kairankala SW 4.44 E-74º57’37.22” N-12º48’24.92” S4 Mudipu WSW 3.26 E-74º57’38.52” N-12º48’53.77” S5 Manchi E 4.60 E-75º01’46.99” N-12º46’28.87” S6 Bakrabail S 4.98 E-74º59’27.52”

Figure 3. 18 Soil Sampling Locations 3.13.3 Presentation of Results

The results of the soil analysis are tabulated in Table 3.21 and Standard soil classification is given in Table 3.22.

67 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Table 3. 21 Soil Analysis Results

S .No Parameters S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 1 pH (1:5 Soil Suspension) 6.74 7.05 6.52 7.36 6.65 6.74 2 Bulk Density, g/cc 1.36 1.41 1.28 1.35 1.30 1.29 Electrical conductivity, mS/cm 3 0.066 0.112 0.084 0.051 0.178 0.068 (1:5 Soil Suspension) 4 Available Nitrogen, kg/ha 245 368 411 366 307 286 5 Available Phosphorous, kg/ha 46.2 37.1 54.8 66.8 45.7 69.4 6 Available Potassium, kg/ha 202 236 197 275 260 312 7 Exchangeable Calcium as Ca, m.eq/100g 9.84 8.56 10.1 7.27 9.44 12.7 8 Exchangeable Magnesium as Mg, m.eq/100g 4.73 2.52 5.84 3.85 4.74 5.28 9 Exchangeable Sodium as Na, m.eq/100g 0.37 0.65 0.77 0.44 1.06 0.52 10 Organic matter (%) 0.85 0.55 0.92 0.68 0.58 0.74 11 Texture Classification Clay Loam Loam Clay Loam Loam Loam Sandy Clay Loam 12 Sand (%) 27.1 38.2 22.8 37.2 32.5 49.2 13 Clay (%) 38.4 24.6 33.6 24.1 27.5 26.4 14 Silt (%) 34.5 37.2 43.6 38.7 40 24.4

68 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Table 3. 22 Standard Soil Classification Chemical Ranking Parameters Very Low Low Moderate High Very High pH <4, very 8-9 >9 Very 4-5, Strongly 5-8, Ideal for Strongly Strongly Strongly Acidic Plant Growth Acidic Basic Basic Electrical 8000- 4000-8000 >16000 conductivity <2000, 2000-4000 16000 Moderately Extremely (μS/cm) Non saline Saline Highly Saline Saline Saline Total <0.05 0.05-0.15 0.15-0.25 0.25-0.5 >0.5 Very Nitrogen (%) Very Low Low Moderate High High Total <5 10-30 >60 Very Phosphorous 5-10 Low 30-60 High Very Low Moderate High (mg/kg) Sodium <200 Non 200-500 >500 - (mg/kg) Sodic Moderate Sodic Potassium 150-250 250-800 >800 Very - <150 Low (mg/kg) Moderate High High Calcium 1000-2000 - <1000 Low >2000 High - (mg/kg) Moderate Magnesium <40 Very 100-300 40-100 Low >300 High - (mg/kg) Low Moderate % Organic 0.5-1.0 2.0-3.0 3.0-5.0 1.0-2.0 Low >5 Very High Matter Very Low Moderate High

Texture Classification

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 Percentage Percentage (%) 20 10 0 Project Site Boliyar Kairankala Mudipu Manchi Bakrabail (AAQ1) (AAQ2) (AAQ3) (AAQ4) (AAQ5) (AAQ6) Sampling LOcations

Sand Clay Silt

Figure 3.19. Texture Classification of Soil Samples

69 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Nutrient Contents 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 Nutrients Nutrients Kg/Ha 100 50 0 Project Site Boliyar (AAQ2) Kairankala Mudipu (AAQ4) Manchi (AAQ5) Bakrabail (AAQ1) (AAQ3) (AAQ6) Sampling Locations

Nitrogen Phosphorous Potassium

Figure 3.20. Nutrient contents of the soil samples

3.13.4 Baseline Soil Status

The Graphical representations of the Soil texture, Nutrient content are represented in above graphs. It has been found clay loam soil observed & the pH of the soil ranges from 6.52 -7.36 indicating that the soil is ideal for plant growth. The nitrogen values are in the range of 50.8 – 72.6 mg/kg and the potassium values range between 197 -312 mg/kg, which indicate that the soils have moderate quantities of potassium. The soil from the study area shows moderately fertility.

3.14 GEOLOGY & HYDRO GEOLOGY ASPECTS

3.14.1 Geomorphology

Geomorphologically Dakshina Kannada District can be divided broadly into three well- defined physiographic units viz. i) Coastal plain ii) Upland pediplain area iii) Eastern hilly area forming part of the Western Ghats. The Coastal plain is a narrow, thickly populated and intensely cultivated area adjoining the coast. There is considerable extent of barren land along the coast partly because it is sandy, rocky, and marshy. The area near sea is covered with coconut gardens. The Upland pediplain area interspersed

70 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT with low hills between the Western Ghats and the coast, which is moderately cultivated with a considerable extent of fallow land, which can be put to agricultural use.

The Eastern hilly area in the eastern part of the district is hilly with thick forest cover, which forms part of the Western Ghats. The hills of the area range in elevation from 1200 to 1500m a.m.s.l. and are capped with laterite, which form plateau usually of oval or elongated configuration. The hill ranges are dissected by numerous streams and rivulets. The prominent peaks in the area are Balihalli (1240m), Amadikul betta (1298m) Attiberi Gudda (1522m), Banganabagile Gudda (1513m) etc.

3.14.2 Soil

The soil in the district is mostly lateritic type, found distributed in the Pediplain area characterised by high iron and aluminium content. Lateritic soil is mostly red in color and yellow loamy, pale to bright red colours are also seen. Lateritic soil is suitable for Paddy, Sugarcane, Arecanut and Plantation crops, viz. crops like Cardamom & plantains. Loamy red soils are distributed in the lower reaches of valleys. Red lateritic soil is the most dominant soil type in the area. The texture of the soil varies from fine to coarse. The soil in valleys and intermediate slopes is rich in loam whereas in upper slopes it is much coarse in nature. The soil responds well to irrigation and other soil - management practices. Silty and loamy soils are of transported origin and are found mostly along river banks and in valley plains. They have good infiltration capacity and are well- suited for agriculture due to their fertility. There are no major or medium irrigation projects in the district. One vented-dam has been built across the river Netravati at Tumbe near Mangalore, to cater to the drinking water need of the town. MI tanks, LI schemes and temporary Mudkattas are the other types of surface water utility structures.

3.14.3 Surface water

There are no major or medium irrigation projects in the district. One vented-dam has been built across the river Netravati at Tumbe near Mangalore, to cater to the drinking water need of the town. MI tanks, LI schemes and temporary Mudkattas are the other types of surface water utility structures.

71 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Spring: Seasonal and perennial springs are located in the foothills of hillocks and forests in the district. Thermal spring which is of very rare occurrence in south India has been found in the district. This is the lonely thermal spring of Karnataka. It is called as ‘Bendru Teertha” and located at Irde on Puttur-Panaje road at a distance of 13 km from Puttur. The rock formations exposed in and around the spring are gneisses traversed by veins of quartz and pegmatite on the southern banks of Badantadka river. The temperature of water varied from 35∘C – 38∘C. In the centre of the spring the temperature varies from 37∘C to 38∘C. The chemical analysis data of spring water shows

T.D.S. of 424 ppm, SiO2, 80.0 ppm, Cl 60 ppm, HCO3 196 ppm, Mg 21 ppm, SO4 61 ppm,

CaCO3 121 ppm, Na 81 ppm, K 7.0 ppm and pH 8.2.

Figure 3. 21 Drainage Map of the project site 3.14.4 Hydrogeology

Weathered and fractured gneiss, granite and schist are the major water bearing formations. Alluvial formation of limited thickness and aerial extent is found along the courses of major rivers. Groundwater occurs under phreatic (water table) condition in weathered zones of gneiss, schist and granite and under semi-confined to confined

72 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT conditions in joints and fractures of these rocks at deeper levels. Weathered and fractured gneiss is the predominant aquifer found in the district followed by schistose and granitic aquifers, which occur as isolated patches in some taluks.

The depth to water level during pre-monsoon (May 2006) ranges from 1.85mbgl to 15.17 mbgl. During post-monsoon it ranges from 1.65 m bgl to 9.40 mbgl The seasonal fluctuation data reveals that 36.5% of the wells show rise while, 63.5% of the wells show a fall in water level. The rise in water level ranges from 015 m to 16.0 m while, the fall ranges from 0.65 m to 4.62 m. Analysis of the long-term water level trend in the last 10 years (1997-2006) reveals that 58% of the wells show a rise in water level ranging from 0.014 m to 0.12 m, whereas, the remaining wells (42%) show a fall in the range of 0.01m to 0.19 m. Bore wells drilled under Groundwater Exploration Programme of CGWB ranged between 16 and 200m.These wells have yielded from less than an lps to 19.9 lps. Though the Transmissivity ranged from 3 to 476 m2/day, it generally ranges from 3 to 20 m2/day. Good yield can be encountered by scientifically pin-pointing the bore well site. As per the ‘Ground Water Resource Estimation (GEM-1997)’, the annual ground water availability is 51632.08 Ham; the existing gross groundwater draft for all uses is 31289.77 Ham; after allocating a resource of 5307.30 Ham for future industrial and domestic uses, the net groundwater availability for future irrigation development is 18789.07 Ham. This balance resource can create a ground water irrigation potential of 25079.18 Ha. The ground water development in the district varies from 45.43% (Sulya taluk) to 88.5% (Bantwal taluk) with an average development of 59.5% for the district.

3.15 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

The ecological survey has been done to establish the baseline ecological conditions of the study area to assess the potential ecological impacts of the proposed project on ecology, to develop adequate and feasible mitigation measures to keep ecological impacts within acceptable limits, and to prepare comprehensive management plan.

There are no wild life sanctuaries/parks within 15 km radius of the project site. The area did not record the presence of any critically threatened species. The records of Botanical Survey of India and Forest Department also did not indicate presence of any high endemic or vulnerable species in this area.

73 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT a) Methodology Assessment of the existing vegetation types in the core and buffer zones has been done using standard procedures. The terrain of the impact zone is chiefly plain and in some places gentle undulations are observed. The Biodiversity studies were already carried out in the entire study area. The study of flora is conducted as per the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India (Anonymous 1994), with respect to the scope and objectives. The study involved in collection of primary data by conducting survey in the field, examination of floral and faunal records in previously published reports and records and analysis of the information in view of the possible alteration in environment of the proposed project site. For the survey of fauna both direct and indirect observation methods were used. b) Biological Environment Table 3. 23 Flora and Fauna Composition in the Study Area Flora at study area S. No. Botanical Name Common Name 1 Acacia auriculiformis Earpod Wattle 2 Areca catechu Betel Nut, Aḍike 3 Eucalyptus maculata Safeda forest red gum 4 Grevillea robusta Silver Oak 5 Cassia fistula Amaltas (Yellow) 6 Lagerstroemia speciosa Jarul 7 Peltophorum pterocarpum Copper pod 8 Schleichera oleosa Kusum 9 Terminalia arjuna Arjun 10 Nerium oleander Kanigale 11 Bougainvillea Bougainvillea 12 Syzygium cumini Jamun 13 Acacia nilotica Babul Fauna at study area S. No. Zoological Name Common Name Mammals 1 Funambulus palmarum Squirrel 2 Rattus norvegicus Field mouse 3 Rattus rattus House rat 4 Herpestes edwardsii Common mongoose Amphibians

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5 Rana tigrina Common Frog 6 Bufo melanosticus Toad Reptiles 7 Calotes versicolor Common garden lizard 8 Ptyas mucosus Indian rat Snake Birds 9 Corvus splendens House crow 10 Saxicoloides fulicatus Indian Robin 11 Merops orinetalis Common Bee Eater 12 Halcyon smyrnensis White breasted Kingfisher 13 Anas poecilorhyncha Spot-billed Duck 14 Ibisleucocephala Painted Stork Insects 15 Papilio helenus Linnaeus Red Helen 16 Papilio polytes Common Mormon 17 Papilio dravidarum Malabar Raven 18 Papilio polymnestor Blue Mormon

Observed flora at study area

75 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.16 ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY

Proposed project site falls under the survey of India Topo-sheet no. ND-43-15. As per MoEFCC guideline, 10 Km radius from the project site is considered as study area for evaluating environmental sensitivity. The description of the environmental sensitivity of the proposed site is given below; I. National park and wild life sanctuary There is no wild life sanctuary, national park or bird sanctuary with in the 15 km radius of the project site. II. Reserve Forest There are two Reserve Forests within the 15 km radius of the proposed project site namely  Kalanjimale Reserved Forest ≃ 6.3 km –SSE

 Virakhamba Reserved Forest ≃ 9.4 km –E

3.17 SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE

Socio- Economic status of the population is an indicator for the development of the region. Any developmental project of any magnitude will have a bearing on the living conditions and on the economic base of population in particular and the region as a whole. Similarly, the proposed activities will have its share of socio-economic influence in the study area. The section delineates the overall appraisal of society relevant attributes. The data collection for evaluation of impact of proposed project on socioeconomic aspects in the study area has been done through primary household survey and through the analysis of secondary data available for study area.

76 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.17.1 Methodology

The methodology adopted in assessment of socio-economic condition is as given below;

 To assess socio-Economic conditions of the Population.  Analysis of the identified social attributes like population distribution, availability of public utilities etc., through CD of Census of India 2001 and Census 2011.  Primary household survey to assess the present status of population of the study area. 3.17.2 Source of Information

As per the scope of this study, the information on socio-economic aspects has been gathered and compiled from several secondary sources. These include Taluk Office, Collectorate, Agriculture Department, Irrigation Department, Central Ground Water Board, Directorate of Census Operation, Karnataka etc. The demographic data has mainly been compiled from the CD of Census of India 2011. The socio-economic details are briefly described in following sections.

3.17.3 Social Profile

Sociological aspects include human settlement, demographic and socio-economic aspects and infrastructure facilities available in the study area. The economic aspects include agriculture and occupational structure of workers.

The Proposed project site for development Industrial Estates is located in an area of 585.66 Acres which falls in Bantwal Taluk, Dakshin Kannada District, Karnataka. This Integrated Industrial Estates proposes to have all basic infrastructure facilities like separate Sub-Station for power supply, separate telephone exchange and High Speed Data Connectivity.

3.17.4 Settlement Pattern

The proposed project site is located at Dakshin Kannada District, Karnataka. The study area is decided as an area within 10 km radius from the proposed area.

77 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.17.5 Population

The total population in the district is 20,89,649 (as per 2011 census), the schedule caste population constitutes 148178 and the schedule tribe population constitutes 82268. The sex ratio in the study area district is 1019 females for every 1000 males. The literacy rate is 88.57 %.

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Table 3. 24 Socio – Economic Status of the Study Area as per Census 2011

No. Agricultural Workers in HH Village Population SC Population ST Population Sex Total Cultivators of Literate Laborers industries Ratio Worker HH Total Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Villages within 0 - 5km radius Boliyar 1036 5753 2854 2899 98 108 13 12 1016 4272 2976 68 19 89 19 71 922 Manchi 1485 8017 4019 3998 95 97 251 253 995 6289 4136 245 66 190 27 133 1276 Ira 1298 7376 3648 3728 154 165 52 61 1021 5665 3866 104 18 64 9 83 1222 Kurnad 571 2718 1369 1349 56 59 7 8 985 2186 1443 23 12 18 2 37 267 Balepuni 1065 5619 2868 2751 178 170 58 62 959 4527 2728 42 20 18 6 29 855 Sajipapadu 369 2036 1023 1013 80 70 1 1 990 1568 1125 60 34 11 9 35 363 Chelur 221 987 483 504 30 26 0 0 1043 804 618 19 14 45 21 13 160 Salethur 486 2698 1382 1316 133 112 103 111 952 2023 1358 15 0 5 1 0 1 Pavoor 1147 5987 2954 3033 122 120 5 4 1026 4538 2924 37 10 34 4 66 904 Phajeer 1267 6550 3288 3262 74 72 18 21 992 5084 3217 142 37 170 46 135 646 Kairangala 960 5788 3002 2786 73 76 6 4 978 4669 2597 12 4 39 17 23 517 Sajipamuda 1482 7609 3776 3833 45 53 104 109 1018 5767 4350 142 75 278 27 216 1586 Konaje 362 1778 858 920 49 59 8 10 1072 1299 936 6 11 0 0 0 4 Adyar (CT) 1413 7034 3488 3546 143 159 34 35 1017 5587 3365 39 11 32 14 91 770 Amblamogru 905 4941 2425 2516 59 57 11 10 1038 3633 2525 69 60 55 16 61 734 Arkula 965 5077 2554 2523 62 75 6 9 988 4123 2464 72 8 9 6 61 533 Kodman 373 1665 825 840 56 44 16 10 1018 1291 1034 37 11 42 10 4 130 Villages within 5-10 km radius Konaje 362 1778 858 920 49 59 8 10 1072 1299 936 6 11 0 0 0 4

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No. Agricultural Workers in HH Village Population SC Population ST Population Sex Total Cultivators of Literate Laborers industries Ratio Worker HH Total Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Adyar (CT) 1413 7034 3488 3546 143 159 34 35 1017 5587 3365 39 11 32 14 91 770 Amblamogru 905 4941 2425 2516 59 57 11 10 1038 3633 2525 69 60 55 16 61 734 Arkula 965 5077 2554 2523 62 75 6 9 988 4123 2464 72 8 9 6 61 533 Kodman 373 1665 825 840 56 44 16 10 1018 1291 1034 37 11 42 10 4 130 Kallige 910 4205 2034 2171 56 55 8 12 1067 3262 2469 51 25 56 26 45 691 Thumbe 1200 6230 3123 3107 41 52 7 9 995 4879 3098 23 6 25 16 57 915 Pudu 2315 13533 6726 6807 151 150 25 30 1012 10321 6399 67 25 83 17 118 1619 Bantval 7939 40155 19932 20223 483 480 226 237 1015 32448 18548 268 52 141 42 503 4058 Munnur 1786 8919 4397 4522 78 78 35 10 1028 7342 3956 95 10 23 3 39 704 Amtoor 671 3115 1528 1587 171 186 48 32 1039 2409 1798 42 13 31 7 72 601 Bolanthuru 732 4225 2152 2073 118 125 60 58 963 3150 2263 47 49 5 4 22 137 Kolnadu 2273 12201 6035 6166 470 462 289 265 1022 9333 6818 86 77 64 7 20 66 14522 Sulya 32074 72126 73101 9949 10338 5832 6009 1014 113415 69038 446 284 108 64 401 4001 7 Yenmooru 364 1679 820 859 158 171 27 26 1048 1210 864 2 0 1 0 4 89 Belma 1058 6452 3109 3343 71 70 11 14 1075 5023 2552 35 8 19 5 48 495 Koliyoor 496 2743 1397 1346 23 15 5 5 963 2173 1265 5 4 1 1 44 192 Vorkady 1737 8787 4350 4437 149 150 59 57 1020 6806 4160 174 25 140 15 41 617 7297 359,59 1786 1379 Total 180904 14248 7400 7558 1014 281029 175214 2697 1089 1934 487 2689 27246 8 9 95 4

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3.17.6 Summary of the Demographic Structure in the Study Area Study Area Details(10 km S. No. Demographic Parameters radius) 1 Name of States Karnataka, Kerala 2 Name of District Dakshina Kannada, Kasargod 3 No. of Tehsil Two 4 No. of Total Villages 35 5 Total No. of Households 72978 6 Total Population 359,599 7 Density of Population (km2) 544 Sex ratio(N0. of female\ 1014 8 1000 males) 9 Scheduled castes 28042 (7.8 %) 10 Scheduled Tribe 14958(4.2%) 11 Literates 281029(78.15%) 12 Cultivators 3786(1.05%) 13 Agricultural Laborers 2421(0.7%) Workers in the HH 14 29935(8.32%) Industries

Literacy is an important indicator to assess the Human Development Index of the area. Overall literacy rate for the villages in study area of 10 Km radius is presented in Figure 3.22. Literacy ratio

Female Literates 43% Total Literates 78%

Male Literates 57%

Figure 3.22 Literacy rate representations

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Population Details

400000 3,59,599 350000 300000 250000 180904 200000 178695 150000 Population 100000 28042 50000 14958 0 Total Male Female SC ST Population Population Population Population Population Demographic Characters

Figure 3.23 Population Details of the study area 3.17.7 Economic Structure

Economic aspects of the study area include the economical structure of the people of the surrounding area. The geographical location, natural resources, business and employment, industries and manpower play vital role in the economic development of any region. It can be predicted that economic structure of the study area will be improved with time, due to the proposed Industrial area development, which will provide employment opportunities. The population can be divided into two groups in terms of employment.

• Workers and • Non-workers Workers are further categorized into Main workers and Marginal workers. Main worker is a person who has worked last year for six months or more. Marginal worker is a person who has worked last year for less than six months. Non-worker is a worker who did not work at all during the reference period of one year. The distribution of workers is given in Figure 3.24.

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Work force Distribution

30000

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0 Cultivators Cultivators AL Male AL Female Workers In Workers In Male Female HH HH industries industries Male Female

Figure 3. 24 Distribution of Work force in the study area

3.17.8 Industrial Profile

Dakshina Kannada district is located in southern part of Karnataka. This district is key transport link to north Bangalore due to origin of several national highways and regional transport and educational hub. Paddy, being a major food crop grown in the district, there is scope for few units manufacturing items such as beaten rice and Rice Rotti. Coconut, Areca and Cashew are the major plantation crops in the district.

3.18 EXISTING INDUSTRIES IN DAKSHIN KANNADA DISTRICT Table 3.25 Existing industrial status of district Prevailing Land No. of Name of Land rate per No of No of No of S acquired units in the Ind. Developed Acre Plots allotted Vacant No. (In product Area (In Acres ) (In developed Plots Plots Acres) ion Rs.lakhs) 1 Baikampad 937.36 541.49 100.00 507 507 Nil 487 y 2 Karnad 65.85 65.85 15.00 90 90 Nil 87 3 Puttur 21.40 21.40 0.52 35 35 Nil 34 4 Tannirbhavi 124.50 - 100.00 - 7 - 2 5. EPIP 205.16 205.16 40.00 39 39 11 9 6. ITSEZ 517.93 81.19 50.00 2 2 - 1

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7. Non-SEZ 64.935 50.00 15 15 - - 8. Canara 585.66 585.66 50.00 - 3 48 -

Table 3. 26 List of large scale industries in Dakshina Kannada district Total Name & Year of End Inv.(Rs. S.N0 Address of Constitution Employment Commencement Product in the Unit of Production Crores 1 Mangalore Refinery & Petrochemicals Crude, Public sector Ltd., (M R P L), LPG, MS 7424.05 1248 1996 Kuthettur Post, (Petrol) Katipalla, Mangaluru– 30. 2 Kudremukh Iron Ore Pellets Public sector 1501.14 509 1976 Projects, Panambur, Mangaluru. 3 Mangalore Ammonia, Chemicals & Urea, Fertilizers, Sulphuric Limited 581 808 1966 Panambur, Acid Mangaluru.

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4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 INTRODUCTION

Environmental impact can be defined as “any alteration of environmental conditions or creation of a new set of environmental conditions, adverse or beneficial, caused or induced by the action or set of actions under consideration”. In this chapter the environmental impacts associated with the proposed development of CANARA Industrial area are identified, characterized and evaluated systematically. The prediction of impacts on various environmental parameters during construction and operational activities helps to identify the mitigation measures to minimize the adverse effects on environment. The prediction of environmental impact can be done with the help of baseline data collected, which derives the environmental quality to derive the environmental scenario. The major impacts that could result from the implementation of the project are felt on land, air, water, biological, socio-economic and aesthetic environments. Each impact is classified by different categories as follows:

• Based on the nature of the impact (primary or secondary) • Duration of impact (long term or short term) • Type of impact (positive or negative) • Degree of impact (significant or insignificant)

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT AND IMPACT ANALYSIS

The environmental impacts caused due to the development of the project can be categorized as primary (direct) and secondary (indirect) impacts. Primary impacts are those which are induced directly by the project whereas the secondary impacts are those which are indirectly induced and typically include the associated investment and changing patterns of social and economic activities due to the proposed action.

Interaction of the project activities with environmental attributes is presented as Activity-Impact matrix in Table 4.1.

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Table 4.1- Activity-Impact identification matrix

Impacts on Biological Physical Environment Geology Topography S.No Activities Environment Natural Air Water Noise Flora Fauna Soil Drainage A. Construction Phase 1. Labour camp activities -ve/t Material transport 2. ve/t -ve/t &storage 3. Earthwork -ve/p -ve/t 4. Pavement works -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p Construction equipment 5. -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t use 6. Plantation +ve/p +ve/p +ve/p 7. Drainage works +ve/p 8. Culvert -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p 9. Stripping of top soil -ve/t 10. Debris Generation -ve/t -ve/t 11. Oil & Grease -ve/t Construction in rivers & 12. -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p -ve/p canal B. Operational Phase 1. Vehicular Movement -ve/p -ve/p -ve/p -ve/p 4.3 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Construction phase includes site clearance, site information, infrastructure provision, Building works and allied activities. The impacts of the construction phase of commercial and industrial complexes will be mainly on air, water, noise, land, socioeconomic and biological environment.

4.3.1 Land Environment Impacts The proposed construction activities will change the land use pattern to accommodate Infrastructure and other facilities. This includes site clearing which will lead to loss of vegetation and wildlife habitation, modification of drainage pattern and erosion of cleared areas. Also there will be surface disposal equipment related waste which will render the soil useless. There will be loss of top soil which is rich in organic content and loss of vegetation. Change in the topography i.e. elevation and leveling will cause water logging within the site and prevent recharging of surface water bodies.

86 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Mitigation Measures  Top soil helps to improve water holding capacity of soil and promote healthy vegetation. This top soil can be stored separately and used in landscaping areas.  Promotion of green belt can control the destruction of native species.  Rain water harvesting prevents the flooding of low-lying areas.  A proper layout will be set up for storm water drains within the site to prevent waterlogging within the site.  If water gets accumulated during excavation, then it should be pumped out and disposed into the municipal drain. 4.3.2 Air Environment Impacts  The various activities that affects ambient air quality during construction phase is site clearing.  Preparation of approach roads, excavation, drilling foundation, tunneling, deployment of machinery, erection, transportation, dumping will cause dust and gaseous emissions.  The pollutants released during the construction activities may cause immediate effect on the construction workers directly exposed to them.  The transportation of large quantities of construction materials in unleveled roads will cause air pollution. The emissions from the vehicles can change the ambient air quality.

Mitigation Measures  Sprinkling of water regularly will avoid dust particles entering into the atmosphere and the sprinkling of water will be increased during windy days.  All the vehicles used for the transportation of raw materials will be covered with tarpaulin/plastic sheet.  Plantation of trees will create barrier for noise pollution as well as air pollution.  Temporary tin sheets will be erected around the proposed construction to control dust.

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 Stack height of DG sets to be kept in accordance with CPCB norms, which prescribes the minimum height of stack to be provided with each generator set to be calculated using the following formula: H = h +0.2×√KVA H= Total height of stack in meter h= Height of the building in meters where the generator set is installed KVA= Total generator capacity of the set in KVA 4.3.2.1 AIR QUALITY IMPACT PREDICTIONS (AQIP):

A dispersion model is a series of equations describing the relationships between the concentration of a substance in the atmosphere arising at a chosen location, the release rate and factors affecting the dispersion and dilution in the atmosphere. The model requires information on the emission characteristics and the local meteorology. Modelling can also be used to predict future scenarios, short-term episodes, and long- term trends.

The nearby buildings and complex topography can have significant effects upon the dispersion characteristics of a plume. Buildings may cause a plume to come to ground much closer to the stack than otherwise expected, causing significantly higher substance concentrations. Plumes can impact directly on high buildings under certain meteorological conditions, which may trap emissions during low-level inversions. Based on the scope of the project, AERMOD would be an appropriate model to assess the ground level concentration within the project area and at ambient level outside of the plant boundary.

In order to conservatively estimate the maximum ground level operation, maximum operating conditions under maximum emission scenario is calculated.

Key steps of the assessment would include:

• Emission estimation to quantify emissions. The emission estimates will be based on manufacturers data on comparison with the scheduled operation; in the absence of manufacturers data, emission factors obtained from USEPA, AP-42 or emission estimates from similar operating facility will be used.

88 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

• Obtaining local meteorological file, for months of monitoring for one season for the monitoring period; • Model inputs with stack/vent related specifications such as height, type of stack, diameter, exhaust temperature, exit velocity, orientation of the stack, exhaust flow rate and emission rate;

The regional meteorological data set from the data collected from the monitoring location is verified with the Indian Meteorological Data (IMD) repository. The onsite data is then processed using AERMET to produce the meteorological input files and onsite data to further enhance the detailed analysis of the atmospheric and dispersion conditions applicable to the project area.

The general process approach for AERMOD would include:

• Process meteorological data using AERMET; • Obtain digital terrain elevation data; • Incorporate building downwash using BPIP-PRIME; • Characterize site - complete source and receptor information; • Perform terrain data pre-processing for AERMOD dispersion model using AERMAP;

METEOROLOGY

Meteorological data collected from 1st October 2015 to 30th December 2015 has been given in Chapter 3 which indicates that the predominant wind direction is blowing from West to East. This micro-metrological data is cross referred with the 10 year meteorological data collected from IMD station at Mangalore is given in Chapter 3.

Results and Discussion:

Modelling results consist of maximum concentrations (in μg/m3) for each of the modelled substances. The concentration isopleths are shown in Figure 4.1 to Figure 4.2 and the summary of dispersion modelling results for each of the selected substances is given in Table 4.2. The modelling assessment was carried out for all the stack sources within the project site and the emissions were based on maximum operating conditions.

89 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Cumulative impact on baseline ambient air quality, after the implementation of the proposed project has been arrived by superimposing the present baseline maximum air quality levels of each pollutant. The resultant ambient air quality after implementation of the proposed plant is given in Error! Reference source not found. 4.2.

Table 4.2 - Resultant concentrations after implementation of proposed project

Sl. Maximum Predicted Resultant No Pollutant Baseline Incremental Maximum Concentration Increase GLC Concentration 1. Particulate Matter - 0.51 0.51 µg/m3 2. Carbon monoxide - 1.04 1.04 (CO) mg/m3 3. Nitrogen Dioxide - 8.34 8.34 (NO2) µg/m3

The predictions indicate that the contribution of the facility to the ambient air quality will be minimum and concentrations of SO2 and NO2 concentrations will be well within the prescribed limit for industrial, residential and rural zone even after proposed machineries comes into operation.

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Figure 4.1: Maximum Ground Level Concentration for PM - Period Average

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Figure 4.2: Maximum Ground Level Concentration for CO - Period Average

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Figure 4.3: Maximum Ground Level Concentration for NOX - Period Average

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4.3.3 Impacts on Water Environment

Mitigation Measures • Excavated area will be covered to prevent runoff during monsoon season. • Check dams shall be constructed to prevent construction runoff entering into surrounding water bodies. • Leak proof containers will be used for storing oil/grease to prevent surface water and ground water contamination. 4.3.4 Noise Environment

The major activities which cause noise pollution are foundation works, construction activities and movement of vehicles and operation of equipment. Some of the activities which cause noise pollution during construction phase are drilling, welding, cement concrete mixing and pulverizing. The vehicles used for the transportation of construction materials will affect the noise environment.

Mitigation Measures  Construction activities that will generate disturbing sounds should be restricted to normal working hours.  All the vehicles entering the project area will be informed not to blow horns, unless it is required.  Workers operating noise generating equipment will be provided ear muffs.  Barricades will be provided around the construction site to confine noise within the site.  Noise generating equipment will be used during day time and will not be used during night time.

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4.3.4.1 Noise Modeling for the Proposed CANARA Industrial Area

During baseline study noise level in the project site and the surrounding villages has been measured, and it found to be well within the standards. In the proposed project, after execution noise is expected from the DG set(s) and other nearby sources. Hence noise modeling has been carried out using the noise modeling software CUSTIC to identify the noise levels in the surrounding area due to the proposed project and from the other sources. The following Noise Modeling has been carried out for the project.

• Noise modeling for the project site from DG sets(s)

Noise modeling for the project site from DG sets(s): In the proposed project, 1 Nos. of 1000 kVA DG set have been proposed to meet the power requirement during power failure. Also, barriers like compound wall, greenbelt and individual flats has been considered. Noise modeling software has taken the predefined noise value of 90 dB for power generators. As per the primary baseline study conducted at the site, average temperature is 30°C and relative humidity is 70%, same has been considered in the noise modeling. Figure showing noise modeling for the project site from DG sets(s) is given in Figure 4.4.

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Figure 4.4: Noise Model Showing Noise levels from the DG Set(s) From the noise modeling it is identified that the nearest village Ira is expected to receive a noise level of around 44.4 dBA. This noise modeling has been carried out considering worst conditions, in actual, the noise level is expected to be very less than the calculated value. From the noise modeling, it has been identified that the average noise in the project site is around 44.8 dBA and the noise level is within the noise standards for residential area. Also as this modeling has been carried out considering the worst conditions, in actual, the noise level is expected to be very less than the calculated value.

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Mitigation Measures:  Construction activities that will generate disturbing sounds should be restricted to normal working hours.  All the vehicles entering the project area will be informed not to blow horns, unless it is required.  Workers operating noise generating equipment will be provided ear muffs.  Barricades will be provided around the construction site to confine noise within the site.  Noise generating equipment will be used during day time and will not be used during night time. Noise standards Limits in dB(A) Category of Area Daytime Night Time Industrial Area 75 70 Commercial Area 65 55 Residential Area 55 45 Silence Zone 50 40

4.3.5 Health and Safety

The equipment’s used for construction will generate noise during operation and it will affect the workers by damaging their ear drums. The vehicles used for the transportation of construction materials will cause air pollution that can cause respiratory problems to the workers. The dust generation during construction phase also can affect the workers and cause asthma and bronchitis. The solid waste generated during construction will affect surface water and can cause health problems to workers.

Mitigation Measures  The workers involved in operating major noise generating equipment will be provided with ear muffs.  All the workers will be provided with masks to get rid of asthma and bronchitis which can be caused due to air pollution.  All the workers will be provided with safety equipment during work.  Water used for drinking purposes and other domestic uses will be treated properly before using it for domestic activities.

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4.3.6 Fugitive Emission

During constructional stage, the site will not be overtaken completely by fugitive emissions as there are only construction activities and vehicular emission. Dust generation during construction activities will not pollute the environment severely. The other source of fugitive emission during construction stage is vehicular emission. There will be no greater impact on the environment because of fugitive emissions.

Mitigation Measures  The workers will be provided with face masks to get rid of fugitive emission.  Steps will be taken to control vehicular emission.  Steps will be taken to safeguard the surface water quality or any significant area from dust. 4.3.7 Solid Waste

A large quantity of solid waste will be generated during construction phase and it will be treated in an environmentally acceptable manner. The major source of solid waste will be excavation and vegetation. These wastes can affect ground water and surface water.

Mitigation Measures  Leveling work and filling up low-lying areas will minimize solid waste.  Solid waste will be segregated into different heaps and it will be sold or will be used for land filling.  The solid waste generated during construction phase will be used for leveling and filling up of low lying areas. 4.3.8 Impact on Socio-economic Environment

 Up-liftment of the area economically.  Literacy rate will improve.  Increase in land prices, labor rates and room rents.  There will be increase in demand for hotels and public transport.  The number of hospitals, schools, banks, workshops and retail shops will be increased.

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4.4 IMPACT DURING OPERATION PHASE

4.4.1 Land Environment

Dumping of municipal and industrial waste on the land will affect the soil quality. Poor Garbage management will lead to unsanitary conditions including vermin, odor and fly infestation. The spillage of waste oil from DG sets will also affect the land. Mitigation Measures  The wastes generated will be treated and disposed properly.  Toxic waste from industries will not be disposed on land without treating it in a proper manner.  Generation of waste will be minimized during all the processes. 4.4.2 Air Environment

The impact on air environment depends on the raw materials of member industries. Sox & NOx are anticipated during the usage of DG sets and boilers. The vehicles used for transportation of raw materials will cause air pollution.

Mitigation Measures  Use of low Sulphur fuel will minimize the emission from diesel generators.  Development of green barrier will reduce the level of particulate matter.  The emission standards fixed by government authorities will be followed.  Vehicles will be maintained properly.  Green belt development

Pollution abatement via green belt development is one of the vital components for any Industrial activity. The main objectives of green belt development plan in any area are: 1. Aesthetic Enhancement. 2. Reduction of impacts of air pollution, dust& noise pollution. 3. Arrest soil erosion 4. Climatic amelioration. Selection of species and trees: The planting species are selected based on the physical growth characteristics of tree like form and shape, foliage pattern, growth rate, branching pattern, soil characteristics, water conditions and climatic conditions of the area.

99 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.4.3 Water Environment

During the operation phase water will be sourced from Netravati River. The liquid effluents which are supposed to be discharged out may cause severe problems to the environment when compared with the waste water generated by domestic activities. The members industries are responsible for treating effluent from industries.

Mitigation Measures The wastewater generated by domestic activities will be treated in STP. Industrial effluents having different properties will be treated properly in ETP of respective industry. KIADB will mandate all member industries to provide treatment system for sewage/effluent generated during operation phase.

Strom Water Management and Rain water Harvesting Storm water drains will be provided to collect water during rains. It would be sized adequately to prevent flooding of the site. It is proposed to have rain water harvesting structures for recharge of roof top rain water and rainwater of paved surface at respective buildings. The storm water drains will be acting as recharge trench and intermittent check dams will be provided in the storm water drains to infiltrate maximum amount of water into the ground. The rainwater harvesting potential for the entire site area is given below: i. Significance of the Rain water Harvesting  Rainwater harvesting and re-charging in to ground water provides increase of ground water table.  Rainwater harvesting prevents the flooding of low- lying areas in the campus,  Salinity of ground water is reduced. ii. Runoff co-efficient of various surfaces as per CPWD S.No Various Surface Area Co-Efficient 1 Roof Catchment 1.1 Tiles 0.8-0.9 1.2 Corrugated Metal Sheets 0.7-.9 2 Ground Surface Covering 2.1 Rocky material catchment 0.2-0.5 2. 2 residential complex in 0.5-0.7 suburban areas apartment 2.3 Parks, cemeteries 0.10-0.25

100 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

2.4 Unimproved land areas 0.10-0.30 2.5 Asphaltic or concrete 0.7-0.95 pavement 2.6 Brick pavement 0.70-0.85 2.7 Play ground 0.2-0.35 iii. Land Use Breakup S.No Description Acres Sq.m 1 Industries 404.60 1637416.20 2 Commercial Area 7.17 29016.99 3 Roads 34.46 139459.62 4 Amenities & Utilities 29.28 118496.16 5 Park/ Buffer Zone 65.21 263904.87 6 Transport & Parking 29.28 118496.16 Land in slope + 5.05A encroached by 15.66 63376.02 Karnataka Forest Department Total Area 585.66 2370166.02

 Average annual rain fall in Bantwal =3700 mm  Total area = 2370166.02 Sq.m  Average rainy days are 126.  In Bantwal peak hourly rainfall 120 mm.  The capacity of recharge tank is designed to retain runoff for at least 15 minutes of rainfall  Peak intensity of rainfall in Bantwal= 30mm. Table 4.3– Rain water Harvesting Potential of the site

Runoff at hourly Rain FallIntensity Normal Total runoff Runoff (50 Year frequency in India) S. Area Area in rainfall available in Co- of 120 mm/hour. 15 No type Sqm in mtr cubic efficient minutes /annum mtr/annum of rainfall intensity is 30 mm 1 Roof 1666374.0 3.7 0.85 5240746.40 42492.54 Area 6 2 Paved 257946.63 3.7 0.75 715801.90 5803.80 Area 3 Unpaved 445761.24 3.7 0.2 329863.40 2674.57 Area Total 2370081.9 6286411.70 50970.91 3

 Runoff at 15min Rain Fall Intensity = 50971 m3/15 min  Volume of the pit (2m*3m*4*40% filtrated material) = 14.4 m3

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 Total No. of Rain water harvesting Pits = 50971/14.4cu.m =3540 Nos.  Total 3540 number of rain water harvesting pits will be provided.

Figure 4. 5 Rain water Harvesting Pit

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4.4.4 Noise Environment

During operation phase, noise pollution will be aroused due to DG sets, Vehicular Movements and machineries in industries. There will not be much noise during Operation phase when compared to construction phase.

Figure 4. 6 Impact Network on the Noise Environment

Mitigation Measures  Proper acoustic measures will be provided to reduce the noise generated by DG sets and isolation of DG will reduce the noise at receiver’s end.  Green belt development will also reduce noise.  Employees will be provided with ear plugs, ear muffs etc.

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5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has framed broad guidelines for siting of an industry/proposed projects to help the concerned authorities and entrepreneurs. The broad environmental guidelines recommend for siting of industries/proposed project to ensure optimum use of natural and manmade resources in sustainable manner with minimal depletion, degradation and destruction of environment are given in Table 5.1. Table 5.1 Site Selection Criteria: Areas to be avoided

Sufficient land to meet the demand of green Land Procurement belt development, reuse of treated water, storing of solid waste before final disposal Coastal Areas At least 500m from high tide line. At least 200m away from the estuary Estuaries boundaries. At least 500m from flood plain or modified Flood plains of the Riverine system flood plain, or by flood control systems Transport /Communication system At least 25km from highway and railway At least 25 km from the project growth Major Settlements boundary of the settlement (3 lakh population) At least 5 km (Archeological monuments, Ecologically Sensitive Area National parks and Sanctuaries, Biosphere reserves, Hill resorts, Scenic areas, etc Ecologically and / or otherwise sensitive areas include: 1) Religious & historic places 2) Archeological monuments 3) Scenic areas 4) Hill resorts 5) Beach resorts 6) Health resorts 7) Coastal areas rich in coral, mangroves, breeding grounds of specific species 8) Estuaries rich in mangroves, breeding ground of specific species 9) Gulf areas 10) Biosphere reserves 11) National parks and Sanctuaries 12) Natural lakes, swamps 13) Seismic zones 14) Tribal settlements 15) Areas of scientific and geological interest 16) Defense installation, specifically those of security importance and sensitive to pollution 17) Border areas (International) 18) Airports 19) Tiger Reserves/Elephant Reserves/Turtle nestling grounds 20) Habitat for migratory birds 21) Lakes/reservoirs/dams

During siting of the proposed development of CANARA Industrial Area care will be taken to minimize the adverse impact of the proposed project on the immediate

104 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES neighborhood as well as distant places. Some of the natural life sustaining systems and some specific land uses are sensitive and vulnerable to the outputs. With a view to protect such sensitive systems, shall maintain the above mentioned guidelines.

5.1 SITING CRITERIA

The proposed development of Canara Industrial Area is located at Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu village, Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada District. The details of siting criteria of the proposed project are as follows: Table 5.2 Siting Criteria of the Proposed Project

Proposed Development of Canara Industrial Area in Details Siting Guidelines Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka Ecologically sensitive At least 5 km Nil Areas Coastal Areas ½ km from high tide line Nil Flood plain of Riverine ½ km from flood plain Nil system Transport & ½ km from highway and Nil Communication Railway Rehabilitation & KIADB acquired land as per -- Resettlement issues the statutory norms Avoid prime Agriculture Type of Land Barren land land 5.2 Site Selection

Overlooking the environmental factors during site selection at the project initiation stage will generally increase the project cost due to the increase in the compliance to environmental regulations and also will make the project vulnerable to opposition from the public. The selected site is best suited for industrial activities. Hence no other alternative sites have been proposed.

Site selection for the development was made keeping the following points in view: • Air shed and topography of the region. • Watershed, drainage patterns and the hydrogeology of the region. • Meteorological conditions that favor the dispersion of air emission.

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• Major water bodies and downstream users within the study area.

5.3 Mitigation Measures

Appropriate mitigation measures adopted such as STP, Municipal and Hazardous waste management, Storm water management and Rain water harvesting system to mitigate the impacts on air, water, land, noise and biological environment. Hence there will be no need of alternative site for the development of Canara Industrial Area.

5.4 Alternative Energy

Solar energy is proposed as an alternative energy. Solar street lights are proposed to be used and the upcoming industries would be asked to install solar water heaters to feed pre heat water to process. This will help in saving the electrical energy. However, solar energy can be saved only during summer days.

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6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 6.1 INTRODUCTION

An Environmental Monitoring Plan provides feedback about the difference between actual environmental scenario and the impacts of the project on the environment and helps to judge the adequacy of the mitigation measures in protecting the environment. It would be ensured that a well-defined Environmental Monitoring Program with trained and qualified staff supervisors, sampling and monitoring of ambient air, DG set and Boiler stack gases, sewage and trade effluents, noise, etc. would be followed for the proposed project.

The monitoring program will be done in both the phases’ i.e. Construction and operation Phase. The three types of environmental monitoring are associated with the projects, which includes: i. Baseline Monitoring: It deals with the measurement of environmental variables during a pre-project period to determine existing conditions and ranges of variation. ii. Effects/Impacts of Monitoring: It involves measurements of environmental variable during construction and operation phase of the project to assess the impact that may be caused by the project. iii. Compliance Monitoring: It takes the form of periodical sampling and continuous measurements of level of pollutant emission in the air, water discharge on land or water, level of noise to ensure that standards are met. 6.2 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

The basic objectives of the environmental monitoring program are:

• To ensure implementation of mitigation measures during project implementation • To provide feedback to the decision makers about the effectiveness of their actions • To identify the need for enforcement action before irreversible environmental damage occurs • To provide scientific information about the response of an ecosystem to a given set of human activities and mitigation measures

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6.3 SUGGESTED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

As per the guidelines of MoEF&CC, Environmental monitoring shall be required during construction and operation phases. The schedule for monitoring ambient air quality, ambient noise quality, ground water quality and waste water quality both during construction and operation phases of the project is given in Table 6.1.

Table 6.1 - Environmental Monitoring Schedule Monitoring Duration of Monitoring S. No Particulars Frequency Sampling Parameters 1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring PM , PM , SO , NO a Project site Once in 3 months 24 hour 10 2.5 2 x and CO 2 Stack Monitoring a DG set Once in 3 months 30 min SO2, NOx, SPM, CO, CO2 3 Ambient Noise Level 8 hr a Near DG set Once in 3 months continuously Noise level (dB) with 1hr interval 4 Ground / Drinking water Quality Parameters specified Ground water at a Once in 3 months Grab Sampling under ISO: 10500, project site 1993 5 Sewage Quality Monitoring

a STP Inlet Physical, Chemical and Biological parameters Once in a month Grab Sampling specified under IS: b STP Outlet 2490:1982 6 Soil Quality Samples collected from pH, texture, EC, three different organic matter, At the green belt a Once in a year depths viz., nitrogen, phosphate, area 30cm, 60cm and calcium, potassium 100cm below the and magnesium. surface. 6.4 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN TO IDENTIFY IMPACTS ON VECs

The environmental monitoring plan for the proposed project has been developed in view of the institutional, scientific and fiscal issues pertaining to the project. For developing the monitoring plan, appropriate Value Ecosystem Components (VECs)

108 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN which are likely to be affected have been identified. For each component, suitable measurable environmental indicators which are appropriate to the impact mechanism and scale of disturbance and have a low natural variability, broad applicability and an existing data series have been defined.

6.5 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH OF WORKERS

Regular health checkups for the labors are conducted periodically to monitor the health conditions and also to identify the impacts of the project on the health of the employees if any. Subsequently necessary actions will also be taken to mitigate them by providing proper medical facilities.

6.6 ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY EQUIPMENT

The proposed project may propose and maintain an in-house environmental laboratory for the routine monitoring/sampling of air, water, soil, meteorology and noise. For monitoring / sample analysis, the member industries/developer may utilize the services of in-house environmental laboratory and external laboratories as third party monitoring/sampling/analysis for compliance. The in-house laboratory equipment required for monitoring/sampling/analysis is listed in Table 6.2. Table 6.2 List of Equipment proposed for Environmental Laboratory S. No. Name of the Equipment

Gaseous stack monitoring kit for SO2, NOx, Flue gas volume, 1 Temperature and conventional monitoring kit for particulates 2 Air samplers with PM<10 µm & PM<2.5µm provision 3 Portable flue gas combustion analyzer 4 Portable noise level meter 5 Portable waste water analysis kit 6 Electronic balance 6.7 SCHEDULE OF MONITORING DATA

The environmental monitoring cell will co-ordinate all monitoring programs at the site and the report generated will be forwarded to the state regulatory agencies regularly. The frequency of monitoring will be done on the basis of statutory requirements to the local state PCB officials and to the regional office to MoEF&CC. The Environmental audit reports shall be prepared for the entire year of operations and it will be submitted to regulatory authorities. 109 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT

The principal objective of the risk assessment study is to identify and quantify the major hazards and the risk associated with various operations of the proposed project, which may lead to disasters affecting public health and safety. An emergency preparedness plan is to be prepared to mitigate the consequences. Industrial accidents will result in great financial and personal loss. Over exertion, ergonomic injuries and illness caused due to repetition motion and manual handling are among the most common problems that can be raised during construction of the proposed development of Canara Industrial area.

Risk analysis requires a thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of populations etc. Based on the risk assessment, disaster management plan has to be prepared. The major hazards anticipated in the proposed project are illustrated below:  Fire in diesel storage areas, garbage storage areas and disposal areas  Natural disasters such as Earthquakes, flooding, etc.  Electrical accidents  Disasters from manmade sources

7.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

Hazard identification has been given primary importance in the analysis, quantification and cost effective control of accidents involving various processes. A classical definition of hazard states that hazard is the characteristic of a system/plant/process that gives potential to an accident. To reduce the impacts of hazards, it should be evaluated and safety management plan should be prepared.

7.2.1 Safety Management Plan

Steps involved in the prevention and control of risk are as follows:

 Implementation of good house-keeping practices, such as sorting and placing loose construction materials or demolition debris in identified areas away from foot path.

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 A fall protection plan will be implanted for the persons who will work in heights and also depending on the nature and aspects of the fall hazard.  Appropriate measures will be taken for the prevention and control of hazards caused by moving objects and machinery.  Suitable dust suppressing measures will be implemented to suppress dust generated from moving vehicles and construction activities.

7.2.2 Hazard Identification and Evaluation

A preliminary hazard analysis is carried out to identify the major hazards associated with storage and processing of member industries. This is followed by consequence analysis to quantify these hazards.

Physical and Health Occupational Hazards in any Industry can be broadly classified into the following categories: a) Electrical Hazards Electrical hazards leading to fire and explosion in switchgear and other equipment mainly due to failure of circuit breakers, insulators, fuses and poor maintenance etc. Nevertheless, all these hazards lead to localized accidents only. b) Fire Hazards There could be other areas in the plant that have a potential for fire hazard and require adequate firefighting equipment for example, the raw material storages. These are considered here since uncontrolled fire may trigger the above emergencies due to domino effect. c) Toxic release The member industries may use corrosive and toxic materials. If those materials are not handled properly, it will lead to burns and toxicity. Self-contained breathing apparatus will be made available. d)Corrosive/ Reactive/Radioactive Chemical Exposure Risks: The upcoming member industries may use hazardous chemicals which are toxic and flammable, which will be used as raw material for manufacturing. Separate storage will be provided for these chemicals and it will be handled with at most care by following the safety norms for handling of hazardous chemicals.

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e) Mechanical Risks: The failure of mechanical equipment’s causes injury to workers and other harmful effects. Table 7. 1 List of Equipment proposed for Environmental Laboratory

S.No Block/Area Hazards Identified 1 Flammable Chemical Storage Fire, Spontaneous Combustion Fire in cable galleries, short circuits in 2 DG set control rooms and switch gears Fire in cable galleries and switch 3 Switch – yard control room gear/control room Fire due to accidental spill, leakages of 4 Process reaction vessels flammable raw material from the equipment 5 Power Transformer Explosion and Fire 7.3 DISASTER MANGEMENT PLAN

Disaster is an unexpected event due to sudden failure of the system, external threats, internal disturbances, earthquakes, fire and accident. An appropriate disaster management plan (DMP) shall be prepared in consultation with the project proponent, architect, service consultant and maintenance staff. a) Preventive Action Once the likelihood of a disaster is suspected, action has to be initiated to prevent a failure. The project in-charge, responsible for preventive action should identify sources of repair equipment’s, materials, labor and expertise for use during emergency. The project in-charge should notify the officer for the following information: • Exit points for the public • Safety areas • Nearest medical facilities b) Communication System An efficient communication system is absolutely essential for the success of any disaster management plan. This has to be worked out in consultation with local authorities involving police and fire department, hospital department considering the following points:

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• Identify the relevant officials and institutions to be involved for the first, second and third level of information; • Preparation of the telephone directory of these officials and making available to all concerned person; • Allotment of toll free number to a central communication centre. • Provide wireless communication tools to safety and security and communication officers; • Empowering central communication centre with latest communication equipment and tools. c) Emergency Action Committee To ensure co-ordinate action, an emergency action committee shall be constituted. An emergency evacuation plan based on local needs and facilities available will be prepared. • The broad content of plan will include the following: • Demarcation of the areas to be evacuated with priorities • Safe area and shelters • Security of property behind in the evacuated areas • Functions and responsibilities of various members • Setting up of joint control action • An elaborate firefighting arrangement will be designed for the proposed project. • Functions and responsibilities of various members. 7.3.1 Onsite DMP Onsite Disaster: If an accident/incident takes place within the industrial area and its effects are confined to the premises, involving only the persons working in industrial area and property inside the industrial area. Important elements of Onsite Emergency Plan  Protection of vital records  Emergency action  Light and Power  Protective and Rescue equipment  Public Relation  Periodical revision of plan

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 Source of energy control  Leadership and Administration Functions

Control center is the main center from where the operations to handle the emergency are directed and coordinated. Facilities such as communication, pollution records, storage records of hazardous materials, manufacturing records and contact details of key personnel would be made available in the control center.

Assembly point is the safest place which should be pre-determined, all the personnel evacuated from the affected areas to the assembly point where in case of emergency. The works main controller who acts as the General Manager of the plant will declare the emergency and he will instruct gate office to operate the emergency siren after assessing the gravity of the situation.

The work incident controller is designated as the supervisor and he is the next responsible person after main controller. He will rush to the affected area and report the situation to the main controller. The other key personnel responsible for handling the emergency are communication officer, Fire and Safety Officer, Telephone operator, Medical officer and Administrative Officer.

Onsite Emergency Plan should contain:

 Site plan and topographic plan.  Plan showing firefighting facilities.  Plan showing hazardous and material storage area.  Material safety data sheets for hazardous chemicals.  List of emergency and safety equipment’s.  Contact details of key personnel 7.3.2 Offsite DMP Offsite Disaster: If the effects of the accident inside the industrial area uncontrollable and it may spread outside the premises, it is called offsite disaster. Objectives of Offsite Emergency Plan  To save lives and injuries.  To prevent or reduce property loses and  To provide for quick resumption of normal situation or operation.

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There are three groups which play a vital role in preparing off-site emergency plan. They are State Crisis Group, District Crisis Group and Local Crisis Group. Chemical accidents(Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) rules, 1996 prescribes for the constitution of the State crisis group as apex body at the state level to deal with major chemical accidents and to provide expert guideline for handling major chemical accidents. The composition of the district crisis group has been prescribed under the chairpersonship of district collector and local crisis group under the chairpersonship of sub-divisional magistrate. The district crisis group shall meet every forty five days and send a report to the state crisis group. The local crisis group shall meet every month and forward a copy of the proceedings to the district crisis group.

7.4 RISK AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN

Emergencies can occur at any time usually without warning. When an emergency occurs, the safety and prompt recovery of the project site depends on the preparedness and careful response of our workers, peoples and visitors. The information listed below provides basic emergency information to help individuals respond thoughtfully in an emergency event. a) Building Evacuation • In the event of an emergency, all occupants must vacate the building immediately. • When notification occurs, all building occupants must evacuate from the nearest marked exit place and alert others within close proximity to do the same. Assist mobility to impaired persons to the closest “area of rescue assistance”. • Use staircases to exit from the building. Do not use elevators in the event of fire, earthquake or other emergencies where you could become confined inside. • Provision for individuals with disabilities. b) Training There is a proved fact that human beings when faced with adverse situations, tend to react in the way for which they have trained and practiced. Emergency preparedness coordinator should have regular meetings with people in their building to let them know what to do and what to expect as much as possible. The project proponent will conduct mandatory Emergency Preparedness Training sessions annually, in person or

115 ADDITIONAL STUDIES web based. The training will be conducted through a collaboration of the office of the Associate vice president for administration, campus operation and campus safety. Any change in the Emergency preparedness coordinators should be immediately reported to both the Environmental Management Cell and the Environmental Safety Officer. The emergency preparedness training should be on fire fighting, the equipment’s used for firefighting should be checked periodically and mock drills should be conducted.

7.5 HAZARDOUS CONTROL MEASURES a) Fire: To prevent fire mishaps and to manage the emergency situation during fire in the proposed project the following activities and precautions are proposed.

• Emergency evacuation plan is important for all projects, and the same will be prepared as per Fire & Safety rules. • Regular mock drills will be carried out to create awareness on procedures to be followed in times of emergency situation/evacuation. • It will be advised to keep oxygen cylinders, medical kits and masks to prevent smoke inhalation especially for those with respiratory disorders for whom smoke inhalation can be very dangerous. • Plant manager will be advised to ensure that the firefighting equipment’s are in good working conditions. • The plant will be provided with sufficient firefighting equipments (water, soil, cylinders, etc). Simple steps to be followed during emergency are as follows. Call the fire rescue department: During fire in plant, leave the premises by nearest available exit. Call fire department and do not assume anyone else has called the fire department. If your cloth catches fire, do not get panic or run, stop, drop and roll. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet clean cloth: Stay calm cover your nose and mouth with a wet, clean cloth to prevent smoke inhalation injury and choking. Never jump off or attempt to climb down the side of tall structures as it will mean certain death. Do not run: During a fire, smoke containing poisonous gases such as CO tends to rise up. When you run in a smoke filled room, you tend to inhale the smoke faster. CO dulls

116 ADDITIONAL STUDIES the senses and prevents clear thinking, leading to panic. To prevent being asphyxiated, dip tissues or cloth in water and cover your noise with it. Head-count of the occupants: During an emergency, make good use of the evacuation procedure and help each other to reach out of plant/building safely. Ensure nobody is left behind by doing a head-count of occupants. Visitors should read and understand the evacuation plan before going into the plant/building area and ensure their safety. b) Natural Disasters Natural disasters occur without notice. Most disasters are natural such as earthquake, floods, hurricanes, sandstorms, landslides, tsunamis and volcanoes. We have no way of stopping them, but we can learn to deal with the difficult situations that arise due to them. During disasters like floods, fire, earth quake, landslides, rescue beings at site. Even before external help arrives, people affected by the disasters help each other. The government and many voluntary organizations send teams of workers trained in rescue operations to disaster-affected areas. These teams join hands with the local community helpers such as doctors, nurses, social workers and policemen. Temporary shelters are built for displaced people. Doctors and nurses provide medical aid. They treat the wounded and work to control epidemics. Social workers collect food and cloth from all over the country for the disaster-affected people. The police maintain law and order. Media –persons help in spreading news about the victims and their conditions. They also post advertisements that urge people to donate for victims. In extreme conditions, the army and Air force organize rescue operations. They clear roads, send medical teams and help to move people to safer places. The air force drops food, water and clothes in the affected areas. Organization like UN helps in providing aid during massive disasters. Individually, people from all over the world also come forward to help during a disaster. They donate blood while many donate money. Some even reach the disaster affected places to give an extra hand in the rescue operation. Families adopt children who have lost their parents and thus give them a new home. c) Electrical Accidents Electrical hazards can cause burns, shocks and electrocution which can lead to serious injury and even death. When dealing with potentially serious electrical hazards stop and think, Instead of taking a chance and risking your personal safety, call trained

117 ADDITIONAL STUDIES professionals to handle problems. Many times people prefer to take electrical matters into their own hands. Other small aspects of electrical repair in a business setting may be taken care of without needing professional service technicians. If you do decide to take matters into your own hands, safety precautions can avoid injuries and other losses. i. Prevention of Electrical Accidents Flexible cords connected to appliance should be wired to confirm to the international Colour code. Colour of the insulation on the wire is • Brown represents live wire, • Blue represents neutral wire and • Green/yellow stripes represent earth wire. What you should look for when selecting an electrical appliance is given below: a) The appliance should be suitable for operation on local electrical supply of 240 volts AC and frequency of 50 Hz. b) The appliance should preferably be tested and certified by a national or reputed standards testing authority. c) Look for certified plugs on the flexible cords connected to the appliances. If the appliance is double insulated and has a 2-pin plug, then it should be fitted with a suitable certified plug. d) An essential formality when buying any appliances is a duly completed guarantee card with the dealers/retailer's official stamp and details of the appliance (serial number, etc.). Safety precautions to be taken when using electrical appliances a) Avoid using handheld appliances when your hand and/or body is wet. b) Do not use or leave appliances where liquid can splash on to them. c) Flexible cords connecting the appliance and the plug should be in good condition, if the cord is frayed, chaffed, cut or melted, have the entire cord replaced by a competent person. d) Check accessories such as plugs attached to appliances for cracks and burnt marks and have them replaced. If undue overheating occurs or burnt marks appear in any electrical appliance, have it checked.

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7.6 PUBLIC HEARING

Public Hearing has been conducted for proposed development of “Canara Industrial Area” over an extent of 236.93 Ha at project site on 09.08.2018. The public hearing notice was published in 2 leading state level newspapers one in English (Times of India) and one in vernacular language –Kannada (Udayawani). KSPCB Mangalore had issued notification on 10.07.2018 in local leading newspaper “Vartha Bharati”. The public hearing was conducted in line with the EIA notification dated 14th September 2006. The notices and photographs of the public hearing are given below. A copy of the Proceedings is attached as Annexure V and time bound action plan towards the issues raised during the public hearing is given in the table below.

Sl No Queries raised Reply 1 Shri. Kamruddhin, Resident, Balepuni Sri. K C Shiva Kumar, DO and Sri. Village asked the authorities what type of Kumarappa K.S. DDO from KIADB, industries will be established in the Mangaluru replied that as of now there proposed industrial area and requested to is no proposal came to their take village Panchayat in confidence prior department for the setting up of to allotting the site for industries and not industries in the proposed site and allow any hazardous or polluting industries allotment of the land for the industries in the proposed area. He said that this area will be taken up in the District single is considered as dry area and requested to window agency Committee headed by supply water for the nearby villages and Deputy Commissioner. Regarding the also to allot 5 acre land for Moolur type of industries he said that there Government School for playground will be zoning for different type of activities. industries and the plots will be allotted accordingly. Regarding the allotment of land for School Sri. Kumarappa, DDO from KIADB, Mangaluru said that as there is a guidelines to reserve the area for industries in any industrial area hence, reserved area for the industries cannot be given for school activities but the land reserved for other facilities in the area can be allotted for school activities. If any such proposal comes in this regard a suitable decision will be taken in this regard as per the

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guidelines. Regarding the water supply to this area was considered as dry area, for this Deputy Commissioner informed that this is a huge industrial area will require large amount of water and during finalizing the proposal for supply of water the village will be considered to get the water supply from it. 2 Shri. Jagadeesh Alva, Mudipu informed that With related to the jobs for locals Sri. in this area there are many companies Kumarappa, DDO from KIADB, including Infosys are working but they Mangaluru said that although it is not failed to fulfil the assurance of giving jobs coming under KIADB purview and per to the locals and requested to give priority the information available, MESCOM for the local people for giving employment. official drawing electricity line from Further he demanded that no wastewater alternate route as there is some should flow into the nearby village problem in two villages with respect to generated from the Industries and he urged laying of electricity line to the authorities to develop the connecting At this point Deputy Commissioner road from the project site to Mudipu. informed the public that now only he came to know the issue regarding the electricity supply to this project area, he will call the MESCOM official to next District single window agency meeting to discuss the issue and assured the issue with MESCOM officials in the matter. 3 Shri. Fayaz of Belepuni village representing Regarding the land acquisition Shri. Abdulla of Mudipu Village asked about problems raised by the public with the details of land acquisition related to respect to project area Shri. Sy.No. 26/3 of Mudipu village belongs to Kumarappa, DDO from KIADB, Shri. Abdulla, here requested not to acquire Mangaluru said that he will give all the said land as the resident of that land are information regarding this issues after very poor and they are running a shop for discussing with land acquisition the livelihood and if land is acquired they officials of KIADB and asked the public have no way to lead their life as they are to contact him directly to get the not so affluent to construct a new house information. and the compensation given also is meager hence he requested not to acquire the land Sy. No. 26/3 of Mudipu village belongs to Shri. Abdulla. 120 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

4 Shri. Radhakrishna Rai, Balepuni also The allotment committee while informed that there are about seven to allotting industrial plots will prefer eight residential houses are facing the land green industries. The houses area are acquisition problems in the Mudipu area already acquired by the KIADB. and demanded that the authorities to solve the problem. Further he asked not to allow environmental hazard industries in the proposed project. 5 Shri Abdul Khadar, Mulur requested to We have requested Sri. Abdul Khadar provide a copy of technical presentation to collect a copy of the technical made in the hearing. presentation made in the hearing from K.S.P.C.B., Mangaluru office. 6 Shri Abdul, President, Ira Grama The electricity cable laying work for Panchayath requested the authorities to providing electricity to the said take Gram Panchayat for confidence for the industrial area is in progress with the development of the proposed project and help of district administration. give maximum employment to the local Action is being taken as per terms and villagers. He informed that there is a conditions of the lease cum sale problem in laying Electricity line to the said agreement of the board to provide project in Salettur village and Kukkaje employment to the land losers. village and urged to rectify the said The water will be supplied from problem. Nethravathi river to Canara Indl. Area Referring to the 20 acre of land acquired in for which pipe line is to be laid from the Ira village, he informed that previous Mittakodi booster pumping station to Deputy Commissioner has ordered to the Canara indl. Area. The Allotment release the fund received during land committee will prefer green acquisition to Farm Forestry development industries/less polluting industries. which is against the Panchayath Raj Act, hence requested to allot the fund to Grama Panchayath for village development as per the said Act. He requested to improve the water supply to the area and not to allow environmental pollution industries in the project area. 7 Gaurav Hegde, President, Canara Small In addition to this the KIADB is Scale Industries Association, Baikampady, reserved the land for development of Mangaluru said that it is good that an STP & CETP in the proposed industrial industrial area is going to come up in this area. The layout map is enclosed in village area, which will help in the Annexure VII development in the district. He said that it is the duty of individual industries to follow

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the Rules and regulations to control the pollution and also said that it is good to have local employees for the industries. He requested KIADB to include the STP for sewage treatment and CETP for the Effluent treatment in the proposed project proposal 8 Shri. B.A. Nazeer, KSIA, Baikampady Land is reserved in the layout map for Mangaluru asked whether it is feasible to ESI hospital, KIADB section office and this area to have a common rain water common facility center within the harvesting system and also he requested project area. The layout map is KIADB to provide a building facility for ESI enclosed in Annexure VII and KIADB section office and a common facility center within the project area to address the problems and issues related to industries and employees immediately 9 Shri. Henry Britto, Industrialist Mangaluru Land is reserved for CETP and Solid asked to provide a separate dumping yard waste management dumping yard in to dispose the solid waste and CETP to the proposed layout. The layout map is manage the effluent waste generated enclosed in Annexure VII within the industrial area managed by KIADB

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8 PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT

Dakshina Kannada is one of the most industrialized districts in Karnataka and is known as “The Cradle of Indian Banking”. It has 23 large and medium industries and 21,986 MSME thriving across traditional sectors like Agriculture, Banking and Education as IT, petro-chemicals, port activities, fisheries, Food and marine processing.

In view of the above facts, KIADB has acquired 585.66 acres of land at Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu villages of Bantwal taluk, Karnataka to establish Canara Industrial Area. This project helps to develop infrastructure facilities, providing employment opportunities and improve the economy of the nation. Thus the proposed project is significant and is needed for the development of the area.

8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

The proposed development of Canara Industrial Area shall lead to direct and indirect employment to the people in the surrounding area. The changes which will be made in the social infrastructure by the development of the proposed area as follows:

• During the construction period, the people who depend on agriculture and who are not educated will get jobs like ancillary services for a temporary period. • Employment opportunities for engineers, labors, security guards, housekeepers, etc will be created after the establishment of Industrial Areas. • Due to the development of this industrial area, land value and house rent will be increased. • Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities in the Industrial Area will improve the social economic condition of the people in the surrounding area. • The economic condition of the people in the respective area will be improved and facilities like education, plantation and parks, community, post offices and medical will be developed.

8.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

The proposed industrial area will include all the following infrastructure facilities:

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• Water supply network • Public Utilities • Development of roads and bus stop • Improvement in power supply and street lighting • Improvement in transportation facilities • Rain water harvesting facilities • Sewage treatment • Green belt development There will be rigorous movement of vehicles during the operation phase of the project and there will be development of roads. Residential, water supply and sewerage improvements will be done.

8.4 OTHER BENEFITS

 Market and business establishments in the surrounding area will be increased.  Cultural and recreation facilities will be improved.  Income and employment opportunities will be improved.  Rental demand for housing will be increased.  The concept of reduce; recycle and reuse will be practiced to conserve the resources and minimize waste. 8.5 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

8.5.1 Introduction

Corporate Social Responsibility is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. Ideally, CSR focused businesses would proactively promote the public interest by encouraging community growth and development and voluntarily eliminating practices that harm the public sector, regardless of legality.

Economic growth is possible only through consumption of inputs available in the environment and society. The harnessing of natural resources has direct impact on the economy, the environment and society at large. CSR is a concept whereby organizations serve the interest of society by taking responsibility for the impact of their activities on

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customers, employees, shareholders, communities and environment in all aspects of their operations. CSR is closely linked with the process of sustainable development. It extends philanthropic activities and reaches out to the integration of social and business goals. These activities need to be seen as those which would, in the long term, help secure a sustainable competitive advantage. 8.5.2 Planning

Selection of activities under CSR would be made to ensure that the benefits reach the smallest unit i.e. Village, Panchayat, Block or district depending upon the operations and resource capability of the proposed project. The approach to CSR planning will be shifted from an adhoc charity to a long term sustainable approach. The long term CSR plan will match with the long term business plan. This will be broken down into medium term and short term plans. Each of these plans will be clearly specified the following:

 Requirements relating to baseline survey  Activities to be undertaken  Budgets allocated  Timelines Prescribed  Responsibilities and authorities defined  Major results expected However, these plans also clearly specify the implementation guidelines and the involvement of implanting agency. The procedures and methodologies prescribed for monitoring shall be highlighted as well as the modalities of the concurrent and final evaluation. Finally, there would be a clear specification will be provided regarding mandatory documentation of the experience. 8.5.3 Identification

CSR initiatives will be considered in the following parameters for identification/selection of schemes/projects as per the stipulated guidelines:

 Thrust will be given wherever possible to areas related to the business of the proposed project as a natural corollary to the business. 125 PROJECT BENEFITS

 Investment in CSR would be project bases. Mere donations to philanthropic/charity or other organizations would not come under the category of CSR.  CSR activities would generate community goodwill, create social impact and visibility.  CSR activities also involve the suppliers in order to ensure that the supply-chain also follows the CSR principles.  Project management would take the shoulder responsibility for restoring/Compensating for any ecological damage that is taking place as a result of its operations.  Care will be taken to ensure that work towards fulfillment of the National Plan goals and objectives, as well as the Millennium Development Goals adopted by our country, ensure gender sensitivity, skill enhancement, entrepreneurship development and employment generations by co-creating value with local institutions/people.  Project management will define their business continuity plan to factor in Hazards, risks and vulnerabilities. They would also create value in innovative social investments in the community and may focus on the areas of “Preparedness and Capacity Building” in Disaster Management (DM).  Public-Private Partnership between the Government and the Central Public Sector could also be encouraged to leverage the strengths of the latter in Disaster Management needs to network with the Ministries in Government of Karnataka.

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9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANANLYSIS

As per EIA Notification 2006, this Chapter of the ‘Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis’ is applicable only if it is recommended at the Scoping stage. As per the ToR points issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide F.No. 21-135/2015-IA.III dated12.11.2015 for the proposed project the Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis is not applicable and hence has not been prepared.

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10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.1 INTRODUCTION

The Environmental Management Plan should be integrated in overall project process covering all phases of project cycles such as design, location, construction and operation. It is required to ensure sustainable development in the proposed project area. It is an action plan proposed to control pollution at its source level before it gets discharged out to the environment. The most reliable way to ensure that the plan will be integrated into the overall project planning and implementation is to include the plan as an integral component of the project. The company has a well laid down Environmental policy as per the guidelines of environmental protection and management plan of Karnataka Industrial policy. For optimal integration of EMP into the project, there should be link for:

Funding: It helps to ensure that the proposed actions are adequately financed. Management & Training: It helps in embedded training, technical assistance and other institutional strengthening items in mitigation measures to implement the overall management plan. Monitoring: It helps to evaluate the success of mitigation measures. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) will be established to monitor and to ensure the proper functioning of the Proposed Project. The EMS will include the following:  Environmental Management Cell  Personnel Training on Environmental Awareness Program and Safety Issues

10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL

An effective organizational structure should be set up for the effective implementation of the mitigation measures to minimize the impacts due to activities in the industrial area. The responsibilities of Environmental Management Plan are given below:

• To implement the mitigation measures • To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations. • To ensure regular operations and maintenance of pollution control measures. • To intimate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule. 128 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

• Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and applicable environmental laws. • Conducting environmental awareness programs for the patients and employees on safety issues, water management and energy conservation.

10.3 ORGANIZATIONAL SET UP FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

An organizational structure for managing the environment has been recommended for the development of proposed Canara Industrial Area. The general manager (Environment) is directly responsible for environment management of the proposed project. The members of the environmental management group and their qualifications are given in the below Table 10.1. The organizational set up of the Environmental Management Cell is shown in Figure 10.1.

Figure 10. 1– Environmental Management Cell

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Table 10.1 Environmental Management Group

S.No Designation Minimum Qualification 1 EHS Manager Post Graduate 2 Site In-charge M.Tech 3 Supervisor B.Tech 4 Operator ITI/Diploma 5 Electrician ITI/Diploma 6 Mechanic ITI/Diploma 7 Shift Chemist B.Sc (Science) 8 Horticulturist Graduate – Science 10.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE

10.4.1 Air Quality Management

The impact during construction stage is temporary and it will decrease gradually when the construction activities get over. The works which will be carried out during the construction phase are grading and leveling for the construction of roads, sewerage network, storm water system and places required for the construction of buildings. Most of the materials gained through excavation process will be reused within the industrial area. Some of the control measures proposed to be followed is given below:

 Temporary tin sheets will be erected around the proposed construction site to control dust generated through construction as well as vehicles.  Sprinkling of water on haul roads can control dust and the frequency of sprinkling will be increased during windy days.  Plantation of trees at the early stages of construction to control dust.  All the vehicles carrying construction materials will be covered with tarpaulin / plastic sheet. 10.4.2 Water Quality Management

 The waste generated will be segregated based on their nature and will be disposed properly.  Solid waste will be recycled and disposed separately.  The wastewater generated during construction phase from temporary toilets used by the construction workers will be disposed through septic tank followed by soak pit.

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 The waste water generated by washing construction equipment’s and vehicles used for construction will be directed to the working pit.  The runoff water from the proposed site gets collected to working pit and if there is any overflow, it will be diverted to the green belt or other plantation area. 10.4.3 Noise Quality Management

The impact due to noise during the constructional stage is temporary. The construction equipment’s which make noise will be used during day time. The proposed project site will be surrounded by thin sheets to control noise. All the vehicles entering the project site will be informed to maintain speed limits and not to blow horns unless it is required. The workers in the proposed industrial area will be provided with personal protective equipment’s like ear muffs and helmets covering ears.

10.4.4 Land Quality Management

The solid waste generated during construction phase will be segregated and reused. It will not be allowed to settle in working pits as suspended solids. The solid waste generated during excavation process will be used for leveling purposes. All the construction materials will be stored in the respective area and it will not be allowed to damage the properties of soil.

10.4.5 Solid Waste Management

The solid waste generated during construction phase will be inert in nature and these wastes does not create any chemical or biochemical pollution. Most of the solid material will be used for filling or leveling of low lying areas. The construction waste generated would be gone under reduce, recycle and reuse processes. These wastes will be segregated into heaps, so that it facilitates reuse process. The reuse of construction material basically depends on their separation and conditions of the separated material. All the waste will be stored within the project site. The local body or a private company will be arranged to provide skip containers/trolleys on hire. The construction waste such as bricks, tiles, stone slabs, timber, piping railings will be reused to the possible extent.

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10.4.6 Drainage  Drainage system will be provided for the site to avoid flow of runoff to the surrounding properties and roads, especially during the monsoon months.  Water accumulated during excavation will be pumped out and disposed either in the municipal storm water drain or into recharge soak pits of dry bore wells.

10.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING OPERATION PHASE

10.5.1 Air Quality Management

Major pollutants envisaged from the proposed project will be from the Industries and vehicles movement. The major pollutants will be oxides of nitrogen, particulates and sulphur-dioxide. The following methods of abatement will be employed for the control of air pollution is as follows:

Sampling ports will be provided in the stacks according to KSPCB guidelines. • Using clean fuel will reduce emission of pollutants from vehicles. • Development of green belt will reduce the level of suspended particulate matter. • The emission from stacks will be monitored regularly for monitoring the exit concentration levels of oxides of nitrogen and Sulphur. Table 10. 2– Air Pollution Control Measures S.No Air Pollutant Source Control At Common Facilities

1 PM10/PM2.5/SO2/NOx & DG Set Stack height and air pollution CO equipment’s meeting MoEFCC/KSPCB regulations At Individual Industry 2 Process emission of Fugitive in Standardization of equipment’s and industries nature accessories (Engineering Standards)

3 PM10/PM2.5/SO2/NOx DG sets and Stack height and air pollution & CO Boilers control equipment’s meeting MoEFCC/KSPCB standards

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10.5.2 Noise Quality Management

All the noise generating equipment’s in the development of Canara industrial Area must be designed not to exceed the noise levels 85-90 dB as per Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The equipment’s will be provided with acoustic shields or enclosures to minimize the noise level inside the upcoming industries of the industrial area. Some of the practices proposed for noise attenuation are as follows:

 Sound levels will be consistent with local government regulations.  Ambient noise levels will be monitored periodically monitored to determine compliance with the norms.  Noise levels will be monitored at point source for occupational noise exposure and ensuring health risk.  Proper maintenance of transportation vehicles.  Development of green belt to minimize noise levels.  Anti-vibration pad will be provided to all noise generating machines like pumps, compressors etc.

10.5.3 Water & Wastewater Quality Management a) Water

The source of water for the proposed development of Canara industrial area is from Netravati River. The major part of the water will be supplied to industries and the minor part of water will be supplied for domestic purposes. b) Waste water It is necessary to install a full-fledged treatment plan for treating the effluents and sewage generated by the industries which is going to be located in Canara industrial area. The upcoming industries may be small, medium and large. The waste water generated by domestic activities will be treated in STP of capacity 1.5 MLD. Industrial effluents having different properties will be treated in ETP of respective industry. KIADB will mandate all member industries to provide ETP for treatment of effluent generated during operation phase.

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10.5.4 Rain Water and Storm Water Management

Storm water drains will be provided to collect water during rains. It would be sized adequately to prevent flooding of the site. It is proposed to have rain water harvesting structures for recharge of roof top rainwater and rain water of paved surface at respective buildings. Treatment of silt, oil and grease removal will be provided to rainwater harvesting recharging pit. The overflow from the recharging pit and storm water drains of road will be collected in the road side storm water drains. The storm water drains will be acting as recharge trench as the bottom will not be lined and intermittent check dams will be provided in the storm water drains to infiltrate maximum amount of water into the ground. The excess water will be diverted to the common storm water drain. The improvement of recharging capacity of the aquifer, greenbelt development and construction of check dams along the natural drains will be done under CSR activity.

10.5.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Management

The waste generated by the member industries are classified as:

♦ Manufacturing process waste – May fall under the hazardous waste category ♦ Waste from utilities such as ash, paper, plastic and other packaging waste ♦ Pollution control facilities The waste will be collected and segregated with respect to the category and type of waste. It will be then stored in an ear-marked area. Municipal waste will be collected and stored in an ear-marked storage yard and further hand over to the authorized facility for treatment and disposal by the industries and by the developer. The following criteria will be taken into account while establishing and maintaining storage facilities: ♦ Storage facilities to be set up by the project proponent or any other agency shall be designed in a way that waste stored should not be exposed to open atmosphere but it should be aesthetically acceptable and user-friendly ♦ Storage facilities or bins shall have easy design for operating and transportation of waste. The waste bins used for storing bio-degradable waste will be painted

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green, bins used for storing recyclable waste will be printed white and bins used for storing other waste will be printed black. ♦ Manual handling of waste shall be prohibited. If it is unavoidable due to constraints, manual handling will be carried out under proper with proper precautionary steps for the safety of workers. 10.5.6 Green Belt Development

In order to comply with the MoEF&CC guidelines for greenbelt development within the proposed development of Canara industrial area. KIADB is planning to develop thick green belt of tall and evergreen plants of 30m along the periphery and on the either sides of the roads within the individual industrial units of the proposed project. The width of the shelter belt will vary in different areas depending on the availability of land. All the plants are locally adapted and the present site can support their growth with suitable horticulture practices. Green belt development is one of the most effective environmental pollution control. This is very effective in trapping the pollution causing agents viz. dust and gaseous pollutants. The green belt is being proposed for the following objectives:

• Mitigation of fugitive emissions • Noise pollution control • Preventing soil erosion • Balancing eco-environment • Aesthetics

Green belt development plan The proposed industrial area has dedicated a buffer area of 65.21 acres of total land area. The plantation in this stretch can be done in two rows conveniently and if at all the area accommodates even the third row of plantation can be done. The first row of plantation will consist of small to medium sized ornamental tree species and subsequent rows can be accommodated with shade bearing or ornamental trees alternatively.

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Number of proposed tress in the green belt area is given in the table below: Distance from embankment 1m away from the toe of the embankment Spacing between plant to plant 3m Spacing between rows 3m Size of the pits 60x60x60 cm (in suitable soils, kankar panes to be broken by augur. In water logged areas, mound with height varying depending on water level) Height of the samplings at the time of 1.5m to 2m planting Survival percentage of plantation 90% at any time 10.5.7 Avenue/Roadside Plantation:

The proposed industrial area has dedicated an area of 34.46 acres for the development of road. The plantation in this stretch of area can be done with trees and shrubs species. The selection of species will be done so that it should act as pollution absorber and also should form a screen for traffic and roadside residences. Following points will be taken into consideration while developing green belt

1. Tall trees, with height more than 8 to 10 meter will be planted around the source. 2. Planting of trees will be in appropriate encircling rows, each rows alternating the previous one to prevent further fauning and horizontal pollution dispersion. 3. Since tree trunks are normally devoid of foliage, we will plant small shrubs in front and in between the tree spaces. 4. The open areas between the process installations where trees cannot be planted will be covered with lawn grasses for effective trapping and absorptions of air pollutants. 5. Fast growing trees with thick canopy and perennial foliage will be selected so that the effective tree height with envisaged objective will be attained in minimum span of time.

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Planting Pattern: A standard horticultural practice involving planting of saplings in pits of substantial dimensions i.e. 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm for big trees and along half of these dimensions for smaller trees and shrubs. The pits then will be filled with earth, sand, silt and manure in predetermined proportions. Saplings planted in such pits will be watered regularly during dry months. The growing plants are then cased at least for the first two years under favourable conditions of climate and irrigation. Nutrients in pits are supplemented and the juveniles provided protection. Hence it is safe to assume that trees and bushes grow as green belt components. For effective removal of pollutants it is necessary that (i) Plants grow under conditions of adequate nutrient supply, (ii) Absence of water logging and (iii) Are well exposed to atmospheric conditions (light and breeze). For roadside avenue plantation, both automobile pollution and industrial pollutants need to be considered. Components of Green Belts on roadside hence, should be both absorbers of gases as well as of dust particles, including lead particulates. Concentration levels of oxides of nitrogen and Sulphur. Table 10. 3 List of species suitable for plantation in the proposed Industrial Area Common Name/Local Vernacular S.No Botanical Name Name I. Trees 1 Lagerstroemia speciosa Jarul 2 Alstonia scholaris Caṭim mara 3 Anthocephalus cadamba Kadam 4 Cassia fistula Golden shower 5 Delonix regia Gulmohar 6 Pongamia pinnata Karanj 7 Terminalia arjuna Arjun 8 Terminalia bellirica Bahera 9 Butea monosperma Palas 10 Swietenia macrophylla Mahogany 11 Azadirachta indica Neem 12. Tectona grandis Teak 13 Tabebuia rosea Pink trumpet tree 14 Saraca indica Sita ashoka 15 Jacaranda mimosaefolia Neeli Gulmohur 137 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

II. Shrubs 1 Bougainvellia Kagadada hoovu 2 Tecoma Koranekelar III. Grasses 1 Cymbopogon citratus Lemon Grass 2 Cynodon dactylon Durva

10.5.8 Traffic Management

Vehicle movement will be regulated inside the site with adequate roads and parking lots. The layout of the proposed site has been planned to develop an internal road network in such a manner that it integrates the whole proposed project in an interesting composition to build masses and open spaces with a pedestrian dominated movement pattern. An adequate wide drive way to cater one way traffic has been planned inside the project site. Traffic study of the project area is given as Annexure II.

10.5.9 Fire Safety Measures

Firefighting system of the proposed building is designed based on the recommendations of NBC 2005. All the member industries that are going to be located in the Canara Industrial Area are expected to have their own unit/site specific for fire protection system and common fire protection system as additional backup and support required any combating eventualities due to fire accident. The following safety measures are envisaged:

 Automatic detection and Alarm system  Manually operated electric fire alarm system  Automatic sprinkler system  External yard hydrant  Fire Extinguisher 10.5.10 Human Health and Safety Management

The objectives to ensure the health and safety of onsite personnel are proactively managed during the construction stage of the project. The human health and safety of the proposed projects are as follows:

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♦ Construction site will be readily available with first aid kit for the construction workers and employees. ♦ Suitable transport will be available to take the injured person to the nearest hospital immediately. ♦ The primary health concern on potential health risk for the construction workers and other employee’s onsite during construction are associated with drinking water quality. ♦ The project site will comply with all regulation regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations and safe means of entry and exit. ♦ The project will also ensure that no paint containing lead or lead products is used in the form of paste or readymade paint. Facemask will be provided for workers when paint is applied in the form of spray. ♦ Workers will be provided with ear plugs, face masks, protective foot wear, goggles, helmets, safety belt to the workers working at higher platforms, gloves to all workers employed in mixing. 10.6 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT

KIADB has acquired the land for proposed project as per KIAD Act 1966. The acquired land is barren land & area is devoid of any residential settlements. KIADB has paid compensation to land losers as per KIAD Act, 1966. Moreover land losers can bet employment opportunities also in upcoming industries based on their educational qualification. Hence no R & R issues involved.

10.7 BUDGETARY PROVISION

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Table 10. 4– Environmental Management Cost Operational Capital Cost S.No. Description of Item Cost (Lakhs per (Lakhs) Annum) 1 Construction of STP 60 10 2 Air Quality mitigation measure 10 1.5 3 Greenbelt Development 15 2 4 Energy Conservation measures 12 3 5 Solid Waste Management 14 5 6 Water conservation measures 40 5 7 Environmental monitoring --- 10 Total 151 36.5

140 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11 . SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 11.1 INTRODUCTION

Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) has proposed to develop 585.66 acres plot area of Canara Industrial Area at Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu village, Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina Kannada District.

11.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF THE SITE

The proposed site of highlights and salient features is given below in Table 11.1.

Table 11. 1 Site Salient Features

S. No. Particulars Details 1 Geographical Location Latitude : 12°49'01.1"N Longitude: 74°58'58.0" E 2 Elevation above MSL 133 m AMSL 3 Climatic Conditions  Maximum Temperature - 36.6 °C  Minimum Temperature - 26.1 °C  Average Rainfall – 3789.9 mm 4 Land Availability 236.93 Hectares (585.66 acres) 5 Nearest Highway NH 48 - Mangalore Bangalore Highway ≃ 8 km - N SH 101-Surathakal Kababa ≃8.6 km - E 6 Nearest Railway station  Bantwal Railway station ≃ 8.9 km –NE 7 Nearest Airport  Mangaluru International Airport ≃ 17.5 Km – NW 8 Nearest Town/City Bantwal ≃ 8.54 –NE 9 Topography Undulating terrain 10 Archeologically important Nil within 15 km radius places 11 National parks / Wildlife Nil within 15 km radius Sanctuaries 12 Water bodies / Rivers  Netravati river ≃ 4.0 km –N  Uppala river ≃ 5.5 km – SE  Padar Lake ≃ 8 km -SE 13 Reserved / Forests  Kalanjimale Reserved Forest ≃ 6.3 km –SSE  Virakhamba Reserved Forest ≃ 9.4 km –E 14 Seismicity Seismic zone-III (Moderate) 15 Defense installations Nil within 15 km radius

141 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11.3 SITE CONNECTIVITY

The proposed site is well connected by the roads, rail & waterways and the details of the site connectivity is shown in below Table 11.2.

Table 11.2 Details of the site connectivity

Location Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu village Nearest Railway Station Bantwal Railway station ≃ 8.9 km –NE Major roads NH 48 - Mangalore Bangalore Highway ≃ 8 km - N SH 101-Surathakal Kababa ≃8.6 km - E Nearest Airport Mangalore International Airport≃17.7 Km- NW 11.4 PROJECT SITE AREA

Land use breakup of the proposed is given in below Table 11.3.

Table 11.3: Land use Breakup of the proposed project

S. % of Land Description No.s Acres Hectares No. Use 1 Industries 113 342.17 138.47 58.42 2 Amenities (A-1 & A-2) 2 29.28 11.84 5 3 Utilities(U-1 to U-7) 7 4 Commercial Area (C1 to C4) 4 15.73 6.37 2.69 5 Park/ Buffer Zone - 88.72 35.90 15.14 6 Transport & Parking 2 29.28 11.84 5.00 7 Roads 13 55.56 22.48 9.49 8 Land in slope +5.05A - 24.92 10.08 4.26 encroached by Karnataka Forest Dept. Total Area 585.66 236.93 100.0

The proposed industrial area will include following infrastructure facilities:  Industrial Plots  STP  Approach roads  Power Sub-Stations  Internal roads with storm water drains  Power supply and street lighting  Rain Water Harvesting System  Water supply network  Public utilities

142 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

 Parking/Buffer zone area.  Green Belt Development  Commercial  Residential 11.5 WATER REQUIREMENT OF THE SITE

The estimated water demand during the construction phase is 125 KLD (approx.), 25 KLD for labors and 100 KLD for construction activities and during construction phase the water required will be sourced from tanker supply.

Water demand during the operation phase is 4 MLDand the water for the operation phase is sourced from Netravati River. Water Balance for the proposed project is given in Figure 11.1.

Figure 11.1: Water Balance Flow Sheet 11.6 WASTEWATER GENERATION

Quantity of sewage generated during the construction phase will be 18.6 KLD.

The sewage generated will be 1.2 MLD which will be treated in the STP of individual industry. The treated water will be reused in toilet flushing, gardening, etc. and the estimated amount of wastewater generated from the industries will be 3.3 MLD, which

143 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

will be treated in their respective Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP). KIADB will mandate member industries to adopt ZLD concept. The treated water will be reused for industrial purposes like cooling, heat exchangers, boilers, cleaning equipment’s etc. Table 11.4: Estimated Solid Waste Quantity from Canara Industrial Area

Solid Waste Area in Unit Demand Type of Land Use Population Generation Acres kg/cap/day kg/cap/day Industries 342.17 25287.5 0.2 5057.5 Commercial 15.73 717 0.2 143.4 Civic Amenities & 29.28 2928 0.2 585.6 Utilities Park & Buffer zone 88.72 0 0.1 6.5 Transport & Parking 29.28 0 0.1 292.8 Area Roads 55.56 0 0.1 3.4 Total 560.74 28932 --- 6089 11.7 POWER REQUIREMENT

The power requirement for the proposed development is 34.20 MW. The source of power will be from Mangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited (MESCOM). 1000 KVA DG set will be used in the failure of Power from Mangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited.

11.8 BASELINE STUDY

Baseline Environmental Studies covering a 10 km radial distance from the project site have been conducted for a period of three months from October 2015 to December2015 to determine the existing status of various Environmental attributes viz., climatic and atmospheric conditions, Air, Water, Noise, Soil, Hydro geological, Land use pattern, Ecological and Socio-Economical environment, prior to setting up of the proposed project. This study would help to undertake corrective mitigation measures for protection of the environment on account of any change deviation of attributes due to activities of the proposed project.

144 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Air Environment PM10 – A maximum value of 57µg/m3 was observed at Near Bakrabail (AAQ6). A minimum of 35µg/m3 was observed at Manchi (AAQ5). The 24 hours standard limit is 100µg/m3, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit. PM2.5 – The maximum value of 27 µg/m3 was observed at Near Bakrabail (AAQ6). A minimum of 13 µg/m3 was observed at Kairankala (AAQ3) and Manchi (AAQ5) The 24 hour’s standard limit is 60µg/m3, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.

Night Time Noise Levels: -

Noise levels observed to fall in the range 39.2 – 41.6 dB (A) during the night time. Maximum noise level of 41.6 dB (A) was observed at Mudipu (N4) and a minimum of 39.2 dB (A) at Ira (N6).The monitored locations were under the prescribed limit. Water Environment The analytical results of ground water samples indicates that the average pH ranges in between 6.94 – 7.94, TDS of 228 mg/l was found in Boliyar, correspondingly the hardness, alkalinity, chlorides & sulphates were also average. Iron value of BDL, was found in all 5 locations near Project Site, Boliyar, Kairankala, Mudipu & Manchi. The groundwater at project site is comparatively good and with some treatment, can be used for domestic purpose. 145 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Soil Environment It has been observed that the pH of the soil ranges from 6.52 to 7.36 indicating that the soil is ideal for plant growth. The nitrogen values are in the range of 45.2 – 72.6 mg/kg and the potassium values range between 197 - 312 mg/kg, which indicate that the soils have moderate quantities of potassium. The soil from the study area shows moderately fertility. Demography & Socio- Economics The baseline data includes the socio economic status of the area. The data about the human settlements in and around the project site, health status of the community, existing infrastructure facilities for social welfare, job opportunities, safety and security of the workers and the surrounding population. The positive impact of the proposed project and the socio economic status in the buffer zone is reported. 11.9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

The Environmental Monitoring Programme is a vital process in successfully carrying out the Environment Management Plan (EMP) for any construction project. Based on project description, Environmental Baseline Data and Environmental Impacts, the Environmental Management Plans are suggested of the following: • Institutional set up for EMP Implementation • Construction Safety and Occupational Health Management • Rain Water Harvesting • Solid waste Management • Hazardous waste Management • Green Belt Development & Management • Disaster Management Plan • Risk and Emergency Preparedness Plan • Energy Management

146 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM Table 11.5 : Environmental Monitoring Program

S. Monitoring Duration of Monitoring Particulars No Frequency Sampling Parameters 1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

a Project site Once in 3 months 24 hour PM10, PM2.5, SO2,

NOx and CO 2 Stack Monitoring

a DG set Once in 3 months 30 min SO2, NOx, SPM,

CO, CO2

3 Ambient Noise Level a Near DG set Once in 3 months 8hr continuously Noise level (dB) with 1hr interval 4 Ground / Drinking water Quality a Ground water at Once in 3 months Grab Sampling Parameters project site specified under ISO: 10500, 1993 5 Sewage Quality Monitoring a STP Inlet Once in a month Grab Sampling Physical, Chemical and Biological b STP Outlet parameters specified under IS: 2490:1982 6 Soil Quality a At the green belt Once in a year Samples pH, texture, EC, area collected from organic matter, three different nitrogen, depths viz., phosphate, 30cm, 60cm and calcium, 100cm below potassium and the surface. magnesium. 11.11 CONCLUSION

Based on the environmental assessment, all possible environment aspects have been adequately assessed and necessary control measures have been formulated to meet with statutory requirements, in the preparation of the EIA-EMP. The proposed project

147 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

has positive impacts on the socio-economic environment of the study area. The unit will provide direct and indirect employment for Technical, Skilled and unskilled personnel to the nearby villages. Thus implementing this project will not have any significant negative impacts. Thus, the proposed project is a welcome development and may be accorded environmental clearance.

148 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS 12.1 Introduction

This chapter describes about the environmental consultant engaged in preparation of REIA report for the proposed Canara Industrial Area located Ira, Chelur, Balepuni & Kurnad villages, Bantwal taluk, Dakshin Kannada District, Karnataka. 12.2 The Consultant: ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited (formerly ABC Environ Solutions Pvt. Ltd.) is an ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS 18001 Certified Company & leading Environmental Engineering & Consultancy Company constantly striving towards newer heights since its inception in 2006. Our Company is dedicated to provide strategic services in the areas of Environment, Infrastructure, Energy, Engineering and Multilab. It is the first firm to be accredited by NABET (National Accreditation Board for Education and Training), Quality Council of India, as an EIA Consultant, approved for carrying out EIA studies and obtaining environmental clearance for various sectors such as Thermal Power Plants, Infrastructure, Industrial Estates / Complexes/ Areas, Mining, Township & area development and Building construction projects etc. ABC Techno Labs is equipped with in-house, spacious laboratory, accredited by NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories), Department of Science & Technology, Government of India. Since establishment ABC Techno Labs focus on sustainable development of Industry and Environment based on sound engineering practices, innovation, quality, R&D and most important is satisfying customers need. The company has successfully completed more than 100 projects of variety of industries, in the field of pollution control and environmental management solutions. The company is also dealing in the projects of waste minimization and cleaner production technology. The team of technocrats and scientist are well experienced to deal with the design, Manufacture, Fabrication, Installation, commissioning of Effluent/Wastewater treatment plants, Sewage Treatment plants, and Combined Treatment plants.

149 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

The company is having well experienced team of Scientists & Engineers who are looking after environmental projects & well equipped analytical laboratory with a facility including analysis of physical, chemical and biological parameters as per the requirements of the State Pollution Control Board and our clients.

12.3 Services of ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

Environmental Services

• Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) • Environmental Management Plan (EMP) • Social Impact Assessment (SIA) • Environmental Baseline data collection for Air, Meteorology, Noise, Water, Soil, Ecology, Socio-Economic and Demography etc; • Environmental Monitoring • Socio Economic Studies • Resettlement & Rehabilitation Plan • Ecological & Human Health Risk Assessment Studies • Ecological Impact Assessment • Environmental Management Framework • Solid Waste Management • Hazardous Waste Management • Internship & Training Turnkey projects • Water Treatment Plants • Sewage Treatment Plant • Recycling & Water Conservation Systems • Zero Discharge System Other services • Operation & Maintenance of Water & Waste Water Plants • Water & Waste Water Treatment Chemicals • Pilot Plant studies

150 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

• Feasibility studies & preparation of budgetary estimates Laboratory services • Chemical Testing • Environmental Testing • Microbiological Testing • Food Testing • Metallurgical Testing 12.4 Sectors accredited by NABET S. No. Sectors Name 1. Mining of minerals (Opencast only) Mining (Open cast and Underground) 2. Offshore Oil and gas exploration, development & productions 3. Irrigation projects only 4. Thermal Power Plant 5. Mineral Beneficiation 6. Metallurgical industries (sec. ferrous only) 7. Petroleum refining industry 8. Leather/skin/hide processing industry 9. Chemical Fertilizers 10. Petro-chemical Complexes 11. Synthetic organic chemicals industry 12. Distilleries 13. Sugar Industry 14. Oil & gas transportation pipeline 15. Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals 16. Airports 17. Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/ Areas, export processing zones(EPZs), Special economic zones (SEZs), Biotech parks, Leather complexes 18. Ports, harbours, jetties, marine terminals, break waters and dredging 19. Highways, Railways, transport terminals, mass rapid transport systems 20. Common effluent treatment plants (CETPs)

151 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

21. Common municipal solid waste management facility (CMSWMF) 22. Building and large construction projects including shopping malls, multiplexes, commercial complexes, housing estates, hospitals, institutions 23. Townships and Area development Projects 12.5 Study Team

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited has carried out this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study. The multidisciplinary team included expertise in Environmental Impact Assessment, Air & Water pollution & Control measures, Noise Control measures, Ecology & bio-diversity, Land use, Geology, Environmental Chemistry and Socio-Economic planner. The team members involved in EIA study area:

S. No. Name Role EIA coordinator& FAE– Water Pollution, 1. Dr. R.K. Jayaseelan Prevention & Control and Hydrogeology 2. Mr. J. Shrinivasa Rao FAE– Land use FAE – Meteorology, Air Quality Modelling & 3. Mrs. K. Vijayalakshmi Prediction, Noise & Vibration and Risks and Hazards FAE – Air Pollution Prevention & Control , 4. Dr. Muthiah Mariappan Solid Waste Management 5. Dr. N. Sukumaran FAE – Ecology & Biodiversity

6. Mr. Sameer Deshpande FAE - Soil Conservation 7. Mr. Sushil U. Meshram FAE – Socio-Economic Expert 8. Mr. R. Rajendran Team Member – AQ, SHW 9. Mrs. Supriya P. Bellad Team Member – WP, SHW 10. Mrs. Komal B Team Member 11. Mr. Vikas S Rajput Team Member 12. Mr. Robson Chinnadurai Senior Chemist – Environmental Monitoring

152 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

153 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

154 Annexure I Terms of reference F. No. 21-135/2015-IA.III Government of India Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (IA-III Section) Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Jor Bag Road, New Delhi — 3 Dated: 13th November, 2018 To, The Chief Development Officer (CDO), Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB), 4th & 5th Floor, Khanija Bhawan, East Wing, No. 49, Race Course Road, Bangalore- 01 (Karanataka)

Sub: 'Establishment of Canara Industrial Area' in Taluk Bantwal, District Dakshina Kannada (Karnataka) by M/s Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board — Extension of validity of Terms of Reference - reg.

Sir, This has reference to your online application vide proposal no. IA/KA/NCP/29175/2015 dated 16th October, 2018 for extension of validity of Terms of Reference (ToR) for the project 'Establishment of Canara Industrial Area' in Taluk Bantwal, District Dakshina Kannada (Karnataka) by M/s Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) in terms of the provisions of the Environment Impact Notification (EIA), 2006 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

2. The Terms of Reference was granted by the Ministry vide letter no. 21- 135/2015-IA.III dated 12th November, 2015 and was valid for a period of three years i.e. up to 11th November, 2018, for submission of the EIA/EMP Reports.

3. The project proponent has informed that the draft EIA/EMP report is still under preparation due to delay in public hearing. Accordingly, it is proposed to seek extension of validity of the ToR as per the provisions of the Ministry's OM J- 11013/41/2006-IA.II(I) (Part) dated 29th August, 2017.

4. In view of above, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change vide its O.M. dated 29th August, 2017, hereby extends the validity of the ToR dated 12th November, 2015 for a period of one year, i.e. up to 11th November, 2019. All the terms and conditions stipulated in the ToR letter dated 12th November, 2015 shall remain the same.

P.T.O. 5. In addition to above, the proponent is required to furnish details of fund allocation for Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) as per Ministry's O.M. No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May, 2018 for various activities therein.

6. The EIA/EMP reports, including above mentioned details related to CER, shall be submitted after public consultation as per the prescribed time frames, and within the validity period of the ToR as per above mentioned OM dated 29th August, 2018.

7. This issues with approval of the competent authority.

V.3\"19- (Raghu umar Kodali) Director / Scientist F

Copy to: The Member Secretary, Karnataka State Pollution Control Board, Parisara Bhawan, 4th & 5th Floor, #49, Chruch Street, Bangalore -1 F. No.2 | - L35 | 2O1S-IA.III Goyernment of India

Karnataka Industriai Areas Development Board (KIADB), 4tb & Stlt Floor, Khanija Bhawan, East Wing, No.49, Race Course Road, Bangalore - 01 (Karnataka) 'Establishment of Canara Industrial Area' in Taluk Bantwal, District Dakshina Kannada (Karnataka) by Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB| - Terms of Reference (ToR) - reg.

plication submitted the above mentioned Terms provrsronsorthe Environm.,'t of Reference (ToR) in terms of"iJl; the /-Xv' ' r-p"'.irT:"::ff:ffT:,$:Xlt#l'Jffi under the Environment (protection),Act, 19g6. 2' The proposal 'Establishment , for of Canara Industrial Area, in ,\yl{rytq9"- Ira, Chelur, Balepuni & Kurnadu of Taluk Bantwal, District '\ \ Dakshina Kannada (Kainataka) by Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board {KIADB}, was considered by the Expert Appraisal ' Committee (EAC) in the Ministry for Infrastructuie Development, ioastal '"Ji"*R9g,rlation. Zone,'-Building/ Consiruction and Miscellaneous projects, in its 151$meetinslgq g Zp"-ry qegt.aqgl:_oj1* 3' The details of the project, as per the documents submitted by the Project Proponents (PP), and also as informed during the above said EAC meeting, are reported to be as under:_

(il The proposal involves establishment of Canara Industrial Area in Villages Ira,_Chelur, Balepuni & Kurnadu of Taluk Bantwal, District Dakshina Kannada (Karnataka) by Karnataka by Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB). The area lies in the northern latitude of r2"+9'a7.1" and eastern longitude of 74'58'58.0". Site is well connected by road' rail and airport. Site is well connected with the State rlrgrr*"v,-irr-.ror east direction and Site is also connected with National High;ay 4"g towards north direction, Mangalore International Airport is around 17.5 Km North West direction flom the project site. "Y."y Bantwal Railway Station is about g.9 Km north east direction from the project site. (ii) The land required for the proposed.project is 585.66 Acres. Land use breakup of the proposed is given below. ,X\ S1.No. Description Acres Hectares Vo of Land Use i Industrial 404.60 163.70 69.10 2 Civic Amenities 29.28 t 1.84 5.00 - c Park & Buffer Zone 65.21 26.38 11.13 4 Parkins & Transport 29.28 11.84 5.00 5 Roads 34.46 13.94 s.88 6 Commercial 7.77 2.90 r.22 Land in slope +5.05A Encroached br- 15.66 i O.SS 2.67 Karnataka Forest Department Total Area 585.66 236.93 ; 100.00 Forest Land (59.00A+5.05AEncroached) 59.00

(iii) The proposed industrial area u'ill include follovving infrastructure facilities: . Industrial Plots . Approach roads and internal roads rn'ith storm water drains . Power supply and street lighting e Water supply network . STP . Power Sub-Stations . Rain Water Harvesting System . Landscape . Public utilities . parking . Green Belt Development (iv) CETP: i. Type of effluent, Quantity, effluent conveyance system from the member units to CETP ii. Treatment and usage of treated sewage: Individual industrial units shall have respective ETP's based on their process. The treated water sha1l be used for gardening, toilet flushing purpose and wherever possible. (") Incinerator: Types of wastes, sources, collection, treatment, waste generation and disposal. The Municipal solid uraste shall be handed over to local village Panchayat for scientific treatment & disposal and hazardous waste will be sent to the nearest TSDF. ("i) Require amount of water for the proposed project is about 5.6 MLD and it will be drawn from the Nethravathi River through Irrigation Department for the proposed industrial area. (vii) The land will be allotted to the allotters and if at all the trees are to be removed for the construction purpose, the individual industry shall transplant the trees to the suitable place. Some area from the private is acquired and the compensation for the land losers is made as per the policy of the KIADB. (viii) Investment/Cost: Approximately the project cost will be around Rs. 330 Crores. (ix) The project is not located in any Critically Polluted area. (x) Forest land: No diversion of forest land involves in the project. Deemed reserved forest is located within the project site. *{ ToR-Canara IA-KIADB -Y Page2 of7 - (xi) Shore 1i1s slrangG - Arabian Sea is r4-3 Km from the proposed project site. (xii) Court cases: Yes. Pending cases with respect to payment issues to land owners. (xiii) Employment potential: Due to the proposed project, approximately 25000 job vacancies wiil be created. The project wili glnerate direct and indirect employment opportunities for the lotd- people. Tle plant will create additional employment during construction & operational phase. Additionally, certain works like security will be outsourced on contract. The secondary employment in the form of providing services to the employed manpower will a-lsobe developed in the neighbouring villages. o Raw materials can be sourced locally. Hence the cost for procurement is less o Increase in Market & Business Establishment facilities o The State Government will benefit through revenue recovery from excise duty. (xiv) Benefits of the project: The project will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities for the local people. The plant will create additional employment during construction & operaiional phu".. Additionally, certain works like security will be outsourced on contract. The secondary employment in the form of providing services to the employed manpower will also be developedin the neighbouring villages. t Raw materials can be sourced locally. Hence the cost for procurement is less " Increase in Market & Business Establishment facilities ' The State Government will benefit through revenue recovery from excise duty. 4- The proposal . was considered by the EAC and recommended in its 15lst meeting - gth held on T-th September, 2015 for grant of ToR. As per the recomrnendation of the EAc, the Ministry of Enrrironment, Forest 'Establishment & Climate -9!?tg. hereby accords ToR for of Canara Industrial Area'in Villages rra, @ni & Kurnadu of Taluk Bantwal, District Dakshina Kannada (Karnatakaf by Karnataka rndustrial Areas Development Board (KIADBI, with the following specific and general con-djtionsfor preparation of the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA)-Report and Environment Management plan (EMp): (i) Reasons for selecting the site with details of alternate sites examined/rejected/selected on merit with comparative statement and reason/basis for selection. The examination should justify site suitability in terms of environmental damage, resources sustainability associatei with selected site as compared io rejected sites. The analysis should include parameters considered along with weightage criteria for short- listing selected site. (iil Submit the details of the land use break-up for the proposed project. Details of land use around 10 km radius of th. projlct site. Anaiysis should be made based on latest satellite imagery fbr iand use with raw images. Check on flood plain of an1 river. (.t!

ToR_Canara IA_KIADB Page 3 of 7 places, land acquisition (iii) Submit details of environmentally sensitive and present status of status, ,..fr"Uiti,"tion.qf .o*AunitiesT vitlagei such activifies' nearest settlements' (iv) Examine the impact of proposed project on the along with projected (v) Examine baseline environmental quality account of the existing incremental load due to the project taking into develoPmentsnearbY' relation to the project (vi) Environmental data to be considered in (c) surface $''ater' (d) air' development would be (a) land, (b) groundwater, economic and health' (e) bio-diversity, (f) noise and ,ribrado.r", (g) socio d.rainage pattern of the (vii) Submit a copy of the contour plan with' slopes, of the same by the and surrounding area, any obstruction site ",,d project. through any eco- sensitive (viii) Details regarding project boundary passing areaandwithinl0kmfromeco-Sensitivearea. width of 15 meters should be (ix) Green buffer in the form of green belt-to a industrial area' The individual provided ali along the perif,hery of -the unitsshouldkeep33o/ooftheallottedareaaSagreenarea. project' (x) Submit the details of the trees to be felled for the (xi) Submit the details of the infrastructure to be developed' required for any converslon (xii) submit the present land use and permission such as forest, agriculture etc' (xiii)Submitd.etailsregardingR&Rinvolvedintheproject 'tvpe ind'ustries' coming-up in the (xiv) Zoning of the area in terms of of along with likely industrial area based on the resource requirement pollutantswithquantityfromthevariousindustrres. for which the base line data is (xr) The project bound ary areaand study area map' Justification of generated should be indicated through a suitable discussed in the EIA' the parameters, frequency and locations shall be of Environmental (xvi) submit Legal frame work for the implementation in the EIA report' clearance conditions - to be clearly spelt out etc for compliance of (xvii) Submit Roles and. responsibility of the developer of EP Act. environmental regulatitns under the provisions sectors from environmental (xviii) site justification of the identified industry angleandthed.etailsofthestudiesconductedifany. Ground water Authority' (xix) Ground water classification as per the central vis-a-vis waste water to be (xx) submit the source of water, requirement of treated waste water generated along with treatment facilities' llse all forms of water use aiong with watei balance chart taking into account and management. ' tr\ Y Pase4otT ToR Canara ]A-KIADB /- riith cue saiegua;os iol (x,xi) Rain water harvesting proposals should be mad'e '*-ater utJizatjon cf rajn ground water quality. Maximize recycling of and water. Examine details' ground rx'ater table for (xxii) Examine soil characteristics and depth of rainwater harvesting' and its disposal' (xxiii) Examine detaiis of solid waste generation treatment and alternative source (x,xiv) Examine and submit details of use of solar ener$/ of energr to reduce the fossil ener$/ consumption' during construction and (x'x,') In case DG sets are likei1' to be useci DG sets must be taken operational phase of the projJct, emissions from on air environment' into consid.eration while'esiimating the impacts Examine and submit details' site. and impact on the (xxvi) Examine road/rail connectivity to the project present and future traffic and trafhc due to the proposed project. with measures for transport facilities for the region srrould be analysed free system to preventing traffic congestionLnd providing faster trouble reach different destinations in the city' should' be made for existing (>oorviii)Examine the details of transport of materials should include source and availability' Highways/ expressways (>arix)Examine the detaiis of Nationai Highways/State on them' failing along the corridor and the impaci of the development wit-h noise abatement (xxx) Examine noise levels - present and future measures. and sociological impacts (xxxi) Identify, predict and assess the environmental with iosts estimates of on account of the project. A detailed description CSRshouldbeincorporatedintheEiA/EMPreport. anci operation phases (xr,xii)Examine separately the details for construction and Environmental both for Environmental Management Plan Monitoring Plan with cost and parameters' Plan including (xxxiii)Submit details of a comprehensive Disaster Management emergencyevacuationduringnatura]andman-madedisaster' above studies including (>o

N Page 5 ol / ToR-Canara IA-KIADB -\ of data collectiorr should be ctearf5r indicated. (iv) Authenticated Engiish translation of languages. arl materiai provicied in Regionai

(v) The letter/application for EC shourd quote the MoEF&cc also attach a copy F'e No. and of the letter prescribing ,f,. fOn. (vi) The copy of the retter received from the Ministry on the ToR prescribed project shouid be attached as .., to the finai lof,:T ".r.r.*,i.e EIA-EM' (vii) The final EIA-EMP report submitted to the-A4inistrymust incorporate issues in ToR and that the raised in Public Hearing. The index EIA-EMP report, r. of the final hapter and page EIA-EMP Report u no. of the cribed by issue raised in Ministry and the the :d' the project (posted Questionnaire related to h all sections shali also be subm duly filled in ;for EC. (viii) Grant of TOR does not mean grant of EC. (ix) Grant of ToR/Ec to the. present project does approvals in not mean grant of other regulations such'av the t9B0 or nor.st-lconservation) Act the Wildlife (protection) Act, tgiZ. (x) Grant t^Y::_::!j.ect to circulars issued 2oo6,whichareavailableontheMoEF&CCwebsite:@"1"?: under the ErA Notification

(xi) The status of accreditation of the EIA consultant with NABET/ecl be specifically mentioned. shatl The consuttant shali fertify accreditation is for that his the sector for which this EIA is prepared. (xii) On the front page of EIA/EMp reports, consultancy the along with thei. complete accreditalgL !i- if any shail be indicatea. tfre the EIA/pyp cor report shall give an undertakir prescribed ToRs (ToR proposed by the ;;;;;'p"rofonent ToR given by the and additional nrtenl have u.e.r- complied with submitted is factually and the data correct (Refer MoEF office memorandum August, 2OO9). dated 4tr, (xiii) while submitting the EIA/EM' reports, associated the name of the experts with/involved.in'.the prefa.ation laboratories of these ,.po.r" and the through which trre sa'mff..l"rr. been got analysed should be stated in the report. It shall .'i.*ri be indiclted whether these laboratories are approved under the Envilronment (protection) Act, and the rules made there 19g6 _under (please .Lr., MoEF office memorajldum 2oog)'The proje.t r..a.. *1ffl#August, of the EiA study shaualso be

(xiv) All the ToL points as presented before the Expert Appraisal (EAC) shall be covered. committee 5. A detailed draft EIA/EMP report should above be prepared in terms of the additional ToRs and should b; pubmitted to the State pollution Control ToR_Canara IA_KIADB v Page 6 of 7 l

for the Board for conduct of Public Hearing. Public Hearing to be conducted project in accordance with the provisions of Environmental Impact Assessment in iitoiification, 20o6 and the issues raised by the public should be adciressed the Environmental Management Plan. The Public Hearing should be conducted based on the ToR letter issued by the Ministry and not on the basis of Minutes / of the Meeting available on the web-site. as per 6. The project proponent submit the detailed final EIA/EMP prepared ToRs including issues raised during Public Hearing to the Ministry for per considering the proposal for environmental clearance within 3 years as the MoEF&CCO.M. No.;- IlOl3l 4t l2oo6-IA-Ii(I)(P) dated 08.1o.2014. 7. The consultants involved in preparation of EIAIEMP report after of accreditation with euality Council ol India/National Accreditation Board in Education and Training |OCIINABET) would need to include a certificate by this regard in the EIA/-EMP reports prepared by them and data provided etc. vide other drgun lLaboratori.r including their status of approvals "^tion(s) notification of the MoEF dated 19.O7-2013. '8. The prescribed ToRs would be valid for a period of three years for submission of the EIA/EMP Reports.

(S.K. Srrvasrava; Scientist E Copy to: The Member Secretary, Karnataka state Pollution control Board, Parisara Bhavan, 4th & 5m Floor, # 49, Church Street, Bangalore-1 Annexure Ii TrAffIc sTudy Traffic Congestion Study

ANNEXURE- III

TRAFFIC CONGESTION STUDY REPORT

1. Background

The purpose of this study is to assist the client to study the regional transportation and traffic connectivity to the site and to ensure that the proposed development is able to have access to infrastructures needed for the future development and its functionality. This will also help in assessing the impact of increase in traffic due to the proposed project. The project site is located at Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnad villages of Bantwal taluk, Dhakshina Kannada district, Karnataka. It is well connected by road, rail and air port. The project site is about 282.68km from Bangalore and 517Km from Trivandrum. Traffic study was conducted at two locations to cover all possible traffic variations and to assess the peak traffic flow. The traffic study includes counting, categorization etc.

2. Objective

Objective is to review and study the present traffic pattern in the main public roads in and around the project site as well as to estimate the flow of traffic on completion of the proposed project.

3. Site Environment and Traffic Movement

The proposed Canara Industrial Area is located at Dhakshina Kannada District. The main access road to the project site is Mangalore – Mudipu – Bakrabail Road and NH 48 connecting Mangalore and Mysore. The roads have two way movements of vehicles which consist of different category of vehicles like two wheeler, four wheeler, buses, autos and logistic vehicles. The parking area provided in the proposed industrial area is 29.28 Acres. The Traffic flow diagram of the project site is represented in Figure 1.

1 Traffic Congestion Study

Figure 1: Map Showing Sampling Locations

Traffic Congestion Study

3.1 Methodology

i. Vehicle Count

The vehicles passing through the road (in both ways) were counted separately for 24 hours at the two selected locations from 06.00 hrs to 06.00 hrs next day continuously. Category- wise vehicle counting has been done continuously and recorded in the traffic volume count on daily basis under respective categories.

ii. Categorization of Traffic The engine driven vehicles were categorized into various heads viz. Trucks/Bus, Light Carriage Vehicles (LCV), Car/Jeep, Multi Axle Vehicles, Two/Three Wheelers and Cycles/others. The results of vehicle count are converted into Passenger Car Units (PCU) as per the equivalent PCUs prescribed by IRC guidelines (Table 1). Table 1 – Equivalency factors for various types of vehicles on urban roads Equivalent PCUs Type of Vehicles < 10% >10% Cycles 0.4 0.5 Two Wheelers 0.5 0.8 Auto Rickshaws 1.2 2.0 Cars/ Vans 1.0 1.0 LCV 1.4 2.0 Trucks/ Bus 2.2 3.7 Multi axles 4.0 5.0 Cart 2.0 3.0 Source: IRC 106:1990 iii. Sampling Locations The Traffic locations are represented in Table 2.

Traffic Congestion Study

Table 2 - Details of Traffic Sampling Locations

Location Code Location Details

T1 NH 48 – Mangalore to Mysore Highway

T2 Mangalore – Mudipu – Bakrabail Road

4. Presentation of Results The daily vehicular traffic densities for continuous normal day at each location observed during the study period and the same are presented in below mentioned in the following Tables and Figures.

Location Number : T1 [NH 48 – Mangalore to Mysore Highway]

Table 3 – Summary of PCUs observed on NH – 48 near project site

Total PCUs per day 13936 Min. 129 PCU/hr Max. 1241 PCU/hr Average 581 PCU/hr

Details of vehicles counts for different category of vehicles for National Highway - 48 are presented in the following fig

Traffic Congestion Study

Figure 2: Map showing percentage of vehicle count on NH 48

Figure 3: Pie chart showing percentage of vehicles count on NH 48

Traffic Congestion Study

Location Number : T2 [Mangalore-Mudipu-Bakrabali Road]

Table 4 – Summary of PCUs observed on Mangalore-Mudipu-Bakrabail road near project site

Total PCUs per day 6953 Min. 34 PCU/hr Max. 567 PCU/hr Average 290 PCU/hr

Details of vehicles counts for different category of vehicles for Mangalore-Mudipu- Bakrabail Road are presented in the following.

Figure 4: Map showing percentage of vehicle count on Mangalore -Mudipu- Bakrabail road

Traffic Congestion Study

Figure 5: Pie chart showing percentage of vehicles count on Mangalore – Mudipu – Bakrabail road

Traffic Congestion Study

4.1 TRAFFIC FLOW PATTERNS:

T1-NH 48 (Mangalore to Mysore Highway):

The traffic study was conducted for NH - 48 which is the main access road from the project site to the city. The average traffic on this road is observed as 581 PCU/hr (Passenger Car Units / hour). The peak traffic during day time on this is observed at 10:00 AM – 11:00 AM of 1048 PCU/hr (Passenger Car Units / hour) & the peak traffic during night time is observed at 8:00 P.M – 9:00 PM of 1241 PCU/hr (Passenger Car Units / hour).

T2- Mangalore – Mudipu – Bakrabali Road:

The traffic study was conducted for Mangalore-Mudipu-Bakrabail road which is another access road from the project site to the city. The average traffic on this road is observed as 290 PCU/hr (Passenger Car Units / hour). The peak traffic during day time on this is observed at 10:00 AM – 11:00 AM of 466 PCU/hr (Passenger Car Units / hour) & the peak traffic during night time is observed at 8:00 P.M – 9:00 PM of 567 PCU/hr (Passenger Car Units / hour).

4.2 VOLUME /CAPACITY RATIO: The Volume/Capacity Ratio indicates the congestion levels on a particular road. The IRC specifies a design service volume (DSV) for each road type therefore indicating a level of service. Level of service of roads depends on the volume/capacity ratio of the respective roads. The level of service and performance as per IRC norms is given below, Volume/Capacity Ratio Level of Service (LoS) Performance (Range) 0.0 – 0.2 “A” Excellent 0.2 – 0.4 “B” Very Good 0.4 – 0.6 “C” Good 0.6 – 0.8 “D” Fair 0.8 -1.0 “E” Poor

Traffic Congestion Study

T1 National Highway - 48: The peak hour traffic was found to be 1241 PCU/hr. The capacity of road for 4 lane (two way) for arterial road is taken as 2500 PCU/hr as per IRC Standards. Hence the V/C Ratio for the road is found to be 1241/2500 = 0.49. Hence the level of service for the road is “C” & the performance is “Good”. T2 Mangalore-Mudipu-Bakrabail: The peak hour traffic was found to be 567 PCU/hr. The capacity of road for 2 lane (two way) for arterial road is taken as 1200 PCU/hr as per IRC Standards. Hence the V/C Ratio for the road is found to be 567/1200 = 0.47. Hence the level of service for the road is “C” & the performance is “Good”.

Figure 6–Observed results of Level of Service (LoS) for NH-48 & Mangalore-Mudipu- Bakrabail Road

Traffic Congestion Study

The level of Service (Los) of the NH-48 and Mangalore-Mudipu-Bakrabali on the whole day of survey between every hour is represented in the Figure 6. It is observed that Level of Service for NH-48 and Mangalore-Mudipu-Bakrabali are found to be ‘Good’ respectively at present in most of the hours.

PROJECTED TRAFFIC

Type of Vehicles No of Vehicles PCU 2 wheelers 1040 520

4 wheelers

i. Cars 104 104

ii. Trucks 520 1144

Total 1664 1768

4.3 Future Traffic Scenario

Total Nos. of vehicles added due to proposed project will be 1664 Nos. In terms of PCUs it will be 1768 PCUs. The vehicle distribution (cars & two wheelers) will be for 3 hrs in the morning and 3 hrs in the evening. Hence, total number of vehicles (cars & two wheelers) that might enter or exit for 1 hr = 624/3=208 PCUs. Additionally 520 no. of trucks are projected, in terms of the PCUs the addition will be in the range of 1144 PCUs whose distribution will be considered for the 8 hrs. Hence, total number of trucks that might enter or exit for 1 hr = 1144/8 = 143 PCUs. The increased number of vehicles due to proposed project are having direct access to the Sampling location 2 i. e. Mangalore- Mudipu- Bakrabail road. This traffic later on can get diverted to sampling location 1 i. e. NH 48 also. Hence there will be equal distribution of the vehicles. Therefore the overall impact of traffic on NH 48 and Mangalore-Mudipu- Bakrabail will be fair.

Traffic Congestion Study

Modified Level of service & performance for the road is as shown in Table 5. Modified Existing Sl. Existing Volume/ Modified Road Volume/ No. LoS Capacity LoS Capacity ratio ratio

Sampling Location 2 1 Mangalore Mudipu 0.47 Good 0.76 Fair Bakrabail road

4.4 Measures for smooth traffic flow movement 1. Project proponent shall maintain the traffic signage with the premises wherever required. 2. Usage of phone calls during driving within and outside premises should be strictly avoided. 3. Project Proponent shall appoint traffic man at entry and exit point to manage the smooth traffic flow leading into project area. 4. Project proponent shall encourage the employees to use public transport. 5. Sufficient parking inside the site premises for employees as well as visitors are provided. 6. Project proponent shall ensure that the stacking of material which takes more time for unloading should have in some different area within the site premises so as to avoid waiting of other vehicles.

Annexure Iii water noc aborld.Jacb ajoaadddaroud

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\\lviccl)2inrcclENG rYogi n6r. vc nlrd tlanr.tlo.: ;'- t ! ''' "o"indra Annexure Iv public hearing proceedings Proceedings of Environmental Fubiic Hearing of proposed developrnent of "Canara Industrial Area" over an extent of 236.93 Hectares at Ira, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu Villages limits of Bantwal Tatuk, Dakshina Kannada District by M/s Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board, Bangalore held at project site on 09.08.2018 at 11.00 AM.

At the outset Sri. Rajashekara Puranii<, Senior Environmental Officer, Mangatruru welcomed Sri. Sasikanth Senthil. S 6s, Deputy Commissioner and Chairman of 'District Environmental Public Hearing Cornmittee, Dakshina Kannada District. and requested him to chair the Hearing. He also welcomed all the officers from various Departments of the lsr District, Local representatives from the local administration, Media persons and the general Pubtric present in the hearing. The list of Officials / Representatives of Project proponent / Public present is enclosed as Annexure-l.

l-ater Sri. Rajashekara Furanik, Senior Environmental OfIicer, Mangaluru addressed the gathering and briefed about the project as follows;

NIr's Karnataka Industrial Area Deveiopment Board, Bangalore has proposecl to der elop "Canara Industrial Area" over an extent of 236.93 Hectares at lra, Chelur, Balepuni and Kurnadu Villages limits of Bantrval laluk, Dakshina Kamada District. 't= The said project authority has to obtain Environmental Clearance from MoEF, New Delhi as per the EIA Notification-dated 0r+.09.2006 and subsequent amendment of {11.02.2009, and also requires gening through Environmental Public Hearing process.

KSPCB issued paper notification on 09.01.2A18 in State level lea,Jing English and Kannada Nervs Paper "Times o1'India" and "Udairavani,, respectively and Regional

Office; KSPCB, Mangalore had issued notification on I 0.07.2016 in local leading rlews paper "Vafiha Bharathi".

I)ra{l EIA report, Executive summary (Kannacla & English), CD of Drafl EIA report prepared b,v the project proponents are placed at the tbllowing places fbr the ret'erence of public and to i-ile anr suegesi:or1s. r,ien-s, con.lnlents and objections of

interested bonatlde residcnts. enr-ircniirenr::1 groups and others locatcd at project site

and likely'to be affected b1,'the proposeo pr.r.lect.

a. Office of the Deputl,'Commissioner. Dakshina Kalnada District. N,4angalore

b. Chiel'Executive Cff-rcer, Zilla Panchar at. D:kshina Kannada District. N,,langaiore c. Joint Director, District Industries Centr.-. Dakshina Kannada District. N{angalore. T d. Torvn l\4uncipal Council, Bantu,al, Dakshiira Kannada District. e. Gram Pancha,vat Olfices of lra, Chelur, Balc-puni and l(urnadu Villases of Bantwal

Taluk, Dakstrrir:a Kannada District. f. Regional 01Iice, Karnataka State Pollution Control Board, 1011. ilikanrpailv

Industrial Area, Mangaluru. ,'(

g. Ministry of Environment & Forest, South Zone Otfice, F,-3 210. Kcndrir a Sadan. 4t1'Floor, E&F Wings, 17th lt{ain Itoad, 2"d Block, Koramangala. BerrealLrru i60 034.

h. I{elp Desk. Karnataka State Pollution Control Board, Ground Floor. No.49, Pririsara Bhavan, Church Street, Bengaluru - 560 001

. Board had also uploaded the draft EIA report, executive sufilmary in Kannada and English on the official rvebsite: 1---- ^i

After this, Sasikanth Senthil. S Commissioner Sri. r.c.s, Deputy and Chairman of ( District Environmental Public Hearing Committee, Dakshina Kannada District asked the project proponent to do the technical presentation of proposed project. Sri. Ranjith, Consultant from ABC Tachno Labs India (P). Limited made presentation to the assembled public regarding the proposed project and the impact on the environment due to the implementation of proposed project and mitigation measures proposed to be taken to reduce the impact. The copy of technical presentation presented by the project proponent in Kannada and in English is enclosed as Annexure-2. Atter Co,rpletion c)I- ihe preseniaiioil Sri. Sasikanth Senthil' S I'\s, DeXruty public Hearing conrmissioner and Chairman of District Environxnentar to piace their vielvs Committee, Dakshina Kannada District requested the gathering tollou'ing iocal COntrt.tctltS objections on the proposed project and accordingl,v' objections are as toliorvs; i.c.sidents participants expressed their Yiervs / cotnments i

what type 1. Sri. Kamruddhin, Resiclent, Balepuni village asked the authorities and requested to oi industries rvill be estiblished in the proposed industrial area fbr industries and take village panchar atir in conl-tdence prior to allotting the site proposed area' He said that not allorv an,v hazardous oI poiluting industries in the water for the near'by this area is considered as dry area and requested to supply for also allot 5 acre land for lr4oolur Govemment School (l r,illages and to pla-vground activities.

there are many 2. Sri. Jagadeesh AlYa, i\Iudipu informed that in this area the assurancc companies including IntosYs are working but they failed to fulfill local people 1-or ol giving jobs to the iocals and requested to give priority for the should flolv into gi'ing emplol-ment. Further he demanded that no rvaste r'vater urged to the authorities the nearby village generated from the industries and he to tlevelop the connecting road from the project site to Mudipu'

the Sri' Abdulla of Mudipu d'- 3. Sri. Fayaz of Batepuni village representing 2613 of village asked about the details of land acquisition related to sy'No' the said land Mudipu village belongs to Sri. Abdull4 he requested not to acquire a shop for the as the resident of that land are very poor and they are running life as they are livelihood and if land is acquired they have no way to lead their given also is not so affluent to construct a new house and the compensation of Mudipu village meager hence he requested not to acquire the land Sy.No. 2613

belongs to Sri. Abdulla' 4' sl'i' $tatihakrishma Rai' Bale,uni also inibrmeci trrat therc are abrlur serren tc the ra'nd acquisiticn problenis jn ;-::;::::;:,T::,::.':::: tire turuciipu to ;;;;;'"#;. allorv environme ntal hazard industries in the proposed pro-iect. 5. Sri.Abdul Khadar, Mulur requested to provide presentation a copy of technical made in the hearing.

6' sri' Abdul'President' rra Grama panchayath requested the authorities cram Panchayath for to take confidence for the deveropment of the proposed project give maximum employment and to the local villagers. He informed that there problem in laying Electricity is a Iine to the said project Kukkaje in sarertur v*rage and villa_ee and urged to rectify the said probiem. r Referring to the 20 acre of land acquired in the Ira villagg he previous Depufy informed that commissioner has ordered to release the land acquisition fund received during to Farm Forestry development which is against the panch Raj Act hence requested ayath to allot the fund to Grama panchayath for deveropment as per v,rage the said Act- He requested to improve the area water suppry to the and not to arow environmentar porution induskies in the project area.

7' Gaurav Hegde president, ' canara sma, scare Baikampadr Industries Association, Mangaluru said that it is a good that an industriar come area is going to up in this village area'which will help in the development of the fer'v areas are ava,able area since for the industry deveropment in the district . He it is the dutv of individuar said that indusrries to rou'ow control ro the pollution and also said that it is good ""';;;;;:;rarions to have locar emproyees industries'He requested for the KIADB to incrurde the srp for sewage treatment .ETP for effluent and treatment in the proposed project proposar.

4 I' Sri.it ,'\ Nitizt'u't', KSiA. Baikampad,v h'f,angaluru asked lvhether it is feasible to

lllts ri,"lli i.r) :'ta\s'G Ct-,itiilrcn:ilii-I \\rater i:an'esting s],stem and also he requested ,.o KL,\l)l] pror.icie a buildins l-aciliti, fbr ESi an

collllllon laciiil' center u ithin the project area io address rhe problems and issues related to inciustries anci emplor ees imilediatelr,.

(). Sri. tlenrl Britto, Industrialist Mangaluru aske,J to provide a separate dumping

r arci to dispose the sclid \\ aste and CETP to manage the elfluent \vaste geneiated w'ithin the industrial area managed by KIADB,

this juncture r\t Sri. Sasikanth Senthil. S 1..1r, Deputy Cornrnissioner and Chairrnan ol'l)istrict Environmental Public Flearing Cornrnittee, Sakstrina Kannada District I inlbrmed Development Officer, KIADB to ansu,er the queries raised by the pu6lic i1 tlris rneeting.

Sri- K C Shivkumatr' DO and Sri. Kurnarappa, DDO from, KIADB, h,Iangaluru rePlicd that as of norv there is no proposal came to their departmept fbr the setting up of irrtlustries in the proposed site and allotrnent of the land for the industries will be taken trP itl the District single Windorv agency Committee headed by Deputy Commissioner. Iiegarding the type of industries he said that there u'ill be zoning for ,Jifferenr fipe of irrtlustries and the plots r,viil be aliotted accordinglr,.

r1 \r this juncture Deputy commissioner informed that as the maximum size of the plots Pt'oPoscd in the project area are 2 acre and hence, there is very less chances of

t'strtl'rlishnlent of large scale and polhiting industries in this area, if an-v proposal of such

irrtltrstries proposed a suitable decision u,ill be taken at the single windou, agency

.'. r r rr nt itlee meeting.

Sri- Suresh Bhandary expressed his concem regarding the installation of Mobile

f:rrrtrtlOr at the Centrai Jail, proposed at the Project, tvhich rvill cause problems to the rreighboring residents , to this Deputy Commissioner intbnned that the proposetl 5 Central .lail iras a huge area to operate anC rire motrile jarnmer r,r,ili -,r'ork on rl-ie basis of its coveiage area as lhere is a huge area janr.ner u,ill be restricred rvithin the iail area urit\.^--'t- .

R.egardirig the allotment of land for Scirooi Sri. Kumarappa, BDo, KIABB,

Mangaluru said that as there is a guideiines ro resen/e the area 1br industrics in any industrial area project hence, area reserved i-cr the industries cannct be given ior schoal activities but the land resen'ed for other iacilities in the area can be allorted for school activities. If any such proposal comes in this i'egard a suitable decision u'ill be taken in this regard as per the guideiines.

Witir related to the jobs for locals he said that ihere is clause in the aqreement during (- allotrnent of land to the industries for giving the jobs to the locals and jobs y'ill be gir.cn asper the quaiifications in the industries.

I ed To the oudirv raised regardingrQ -'---o the--'- electricity--'-r supply"'rY'J he said that although it is not ' l' ' coming rrid., KIADB purview and as per the information available, MESCOM official drawing electricity line from alternate route as there is some problem in two villages with respect to laying of electricity line.

At this point Deputy Commissioner informed the public that now only he came to know the issue regarding the electricity supply to this project area, he r,vill call the MESCOM official to next District single window agency meeting to discuss the issue and assured to sort it out and also directed Assistant Commissioner Mangaluru to discuss the issue with MEscoM officials in the matrer.

Regarding the land acquisition problems raised by the public rvith respect to projecr area Sri. Kumarappa, DDo, KIADB, Mangaluru said that he will give all information regarding this issues after discussing with land acquisition officials of KIADB and asked the public to contact him directly to get the information. Sri.Karyir-udhin. Batreprrri \Iiii::ge raised the question regarding the r,vater supply to thls rti'u:l tis this itree \\ iS conSiclereci as dn' area, to tiris Deputy Commissioner irriiii-i1cd that this is a huge industrial area ivill required large aitount o1'u'ater and .iirripg lipalizing the proposal tcr suppll- rvork ihe r,iilages u'ill be considred to get the \\.rtcl supplr' from it

Sri. Sasikapth Senthii. S y 1q, Deputy Ccmniissioner and Chairman of Sistrict Enrironnrental Public Hearing Comrnittee, Dakshina Kannada District In his conclusion speech informed that tlie public pafiicipated raised their corrcern about the job opportunities to the loc:r1s in the proposed rn,Justriai area anci opposed for setting up mainly tL''!t of polluting inrlustries in the area. FIe said that the proposed industrial area is for establishment of small scale industries and mostl.v local inCustrialists r'vill invest irl this area hence the chances ol setting up of large and poiluting industries is very less. With respecr to job related issues he assured that at the allotment stage onl,v the industries are made to compel to give jobs fcr locais based on qualification. I{e dire{rted the KIADB olficial to develop the area u,ithout causing anv nuisance and problems to the surrounding villagers. Regarding the land acquisition problem he directed the Assistant Commissioner, I{angaluru to visit the spot and take necessary action. Finalil' he concluded the meeting rvith vote of thanks to all participants and officials.

t il

(Sasikanth Senthil.S; r.rs) Deputl, Commisstoner & District Magistratc, Chairman, EPH committee, -. Dakshina Kannada District. _- = :_

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dD0, Conditions from Department of Forest Karnataka for Forest Clearance NOC

1. Kairan number 1(South West Corner of IRA R.F) to Kairan number 17(North East Corner of IRA R.F), the outside 3 m terrain (Buffer Zone) should be reserved for forest department for fire protection/Construction of Fire Line. (Green color marked lines in the map)

2. Survey number 363, 178 and 177 of Ira village between Kairan number 17(North East Corner of IRA R.F) to Kairan number 35 (South East Corner of IRA R.F) and parallel to the 24-foot wide tar road which is to be build should not be used for Industrial Activities or other purposes. (Red colour marked in the map)

3. Kairan number 35 (South East Corner of IRA R.F) to Kairan number 1, the outside 3 m terrain (Buffer Zone) should be reserved for forest department for fire protection/Construction of Fire Line. (Green color marked lines in the map)

4. The 1.85 hectare (4.60 acre Wood Lot/Deemed Forest) area is to be excluded from the industrial area, except for the road at 2.5 hectares (7.50 acres) at Government Area Survey number of 177 on the southern side of the Deemed Forest, Kairan number 35(South East Corner of IRA R.F). (Full green) If the above provisions are violated then Refusal letter (forest Clearance NOC) will be cancelled. Annexure vI orgAnIc WAsTe converTer ORGANIC WASTE CONVERTER Organic Waste Converter (OWC) is a composting machine that converts wet organic waste into odour-free, nutrient–rich compost. The end product is organic manure which can be used instead of chemical fertilizer for gardening, landscaping and agriculture purposes. The waste such as food waste, bio-sludge from Sewage Treatment Plant, garden litter, Waste Paper shall be processed and converted into manure with appropriate bio-culture and organic media. COMPONENTS OF ORGANIC WASTE CONVERTER (OWC) Garden Shredder, Organic Waste Converter (OWC) and Curing System

SHREDDER OWC

CURING SYSTEM SALIENT FEATURES OF ORGANIC WASTE CONVERTER (OWC) o Quick, easy to operate, less space requirement and odor free manure compared to other waste conversion process o Immediate and hygienic disposal of food waste o Waste minimization strategy followed by 3R Technique(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) o Savings on Purchase of Manure for landscape o Savings on Waste Disposal Expenses o Elimination on the usage of chemical fertilizers o Carbon credit revenue in the future o Contribution to social responsibility on pollution control and global warming

OPERATION OF ORGANIC WASTE CONVERTER (OWC)  The garden waste and other paper waste shall be grinded in the Garden Shredder  The grinded waste shall be mixed along with the food waste in the Organic Waste Converter (OWC) and saw dust (@ 20 – 25% of food waste) shall be added to the mixture to remove excess moisture from the food waste  After 10 minutes of operation of Organic Waste Converter, bio-culture shall be added and then shall be operated for about 5 mins  The treated Organic Waste shall then be placed in the trolley and for further treatment in the Curing System  The Curing System is a Manual Conveyer Arrangement, where the manure shall be placed in different positions continuously for about 10 days and then allowed to dry  The dried manure is then put in the Organic waste Converter and operated for about 2 minutes for proper mixing of the manure  The processed manure gets converted to a odorless nutrient rich manure which shall be packed in storage bags and used as needed SPECIFICATIONS OF ORGANIC WASTE CONVERTER Capacity of the Plant : 500 kg of shredded waste per shift (8 hrs Operation) Area Requirement : 750 sq.ft. Quantity : 2 No. Cycle Time : 14 days Waste to Manure Conversion Ratio : 100 : 25 (100 kg of waste gets converted to 25 kg of manure) Collect Organic Waste

(Garden Waste, Tissue paper waste, Food Waste, Animal Waste and STP Sludge)

If Present Check for any If Absent Plastic Contamination

Grind the Garden waste along with Remove the Plastic waste Tissue paper waste in Garden Shredder

Add the shredded garden and Tissue waste along with Food Waste in OWC (50kg Garden& Tissue waste +50kg Food waste)

Switch ‘ON’ the Machine in Auto Mode .

After 10 Min add 10g of Bioculum powder

Operate the equipment for another 5 min in Auto Mode

Switch of the main supply and collect the treated organic waste in the crate placed in the trolley

Transfer the crates to the curing section. Move the crates to the respective day location marked in the curing section

Remove the crate with manure from curing section after 10 days

Transfer the manure to the storage bag

Use the manure for Gardening Annexure vii layout with stp & etp KEY PLAN TO UDUPI NOTE: NH-17 DISTANCE MANGALORECITY TO CANARA INDUSTRIAL AREA = 24.0 KM TO NH-13SHIMOGA MANGALORE CITY PUMP WELL CIRCLE A R NH-48 P80 A B.C.ROAD NETRAVATI RIVER PANEMANGALORE B I MELKAR A MANAGALORE N UNIVERSITY SAJIPA TO KASARGOD IRA PROPOSED CANARA

NH-17 TO HASSAN S INFOSYS INDUSTRIAL AREA NH-48 P81 E PADAVU 18M WIDE ROAD #4 A

P82

P83 14.73 ACRES

18M WIDE ROAD NO.12

P84

30M WIDE ROAD(#1) P85 P86

P87 0.75 P88 ACRES 0.75 P89 ACRES P86 P90 P91 P92

P78 P81

P80 P93

P79 U6 U7 CETP STP TRUCK PARKING AREA 3.00 ACRES 3.00 ACRES STP 6.04 ACRES P94 3.41 ACRES U3

0.41 ACRES P95 P72 P73 0.50 ACRES 4.14 ACRES

P74 P96 CETP 1.03 ACRES 3.07 ACRES P64 0.26 U2 P65 ACRES P59 P63 2.02 0.25 0.26 Acres ACRES ACRES P75 G2 P62 P58 0.25 0.25 1.00 ACRES 1.48A ACRES ACRES P61 0.25 P57 P97 0.25 P51 ACRES ACRES 1.71 P76 P60 0.25 P56 P54 1.22 ACRES 18M WIDE ROAD NO.8 Acres 0.27 ACRES 1.51 Acres Acres 0.41 P55 P53 0.25 0.48 Acres ACRES P77 0.47 Acres P50 0.90 ACRES Acres 0.47 P52 Acres 0.49 1.76 Acres P48 P49 0.21 Acres 0.57 1.43 ACRES P98 P37 30M WIDE ROAD(#1) Acres Acres 0.24 P46 ACRES 0.48 P36 0.28 Acres ACRES 3.02 P44 P47 PARK Acres 0.46 0.68 P35 0.46 Acres Acres P28 G-1 P45 ACRES 21.03 A 0.65 0.17 A P34 Acres 0.50 ACRES P33 P27 3.11 Acres 0.27 A P32 0.34 A P41 P26

0.53 P39 ACRES P25 P31 18M WIDE ROAD NO.7 18M WIDE ROAD NO.11 P38

P24 P30

G3 P29 P20 P21 P23

0.56 A P22

P15 18M WIDE ROAD NO.5 P13 P18

18M WIDE ROAD NO.3 P12 P109

P11 P19

P10 P7 P14 18M WIDE ROAD NO.3

18M WIDE ROAD NO.6 P6 P9

18M WIDE ROAD NO.3 1.31ACRES 18M WIDE ROAD NO.3 P5 P16 P8

1.07ACRES P17

18M WIDE ROAD NO.4

50.05 Acres

P2 A2 3.08A P1 1.81A

9.20A

#2-52(3), "Prasad", Opp. Janardana Temple, NH-66, Post Pangala, udupi taluk & district. ARCHITECTS & Mob :+91 77954 50462. Email : [email protected] STRUCTURAL CONSULTANTS [email protected] Note : Revised Layout Map annexure-viii court case letter Details of Court cases pertaining to Canara Industrial Area, 1sr Phase, Bantwal Taluk, D.K. District. ¸ÀªÉð £ÀA§æ, UÁæªÀÄ, vÁ®ÆPÀÄ, f¯Éè PÀæ.¸ÀAPÀæ.¸ÀAPÀæ.¸ÀA ¥ÀæPÀgÀtzÀ «zsÀ & ¸ÀASÉå ¸ÀªÉð £ÀA§ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ CfðzÁgÀgÀ ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ µÀgÁ UÁæªÀÄ vÁ®ÆPÀÄ f¯Éè «¹ÛÃtð 111222 333444 555 666 777888 f¯Éè : zÀQët PÀ£ÀßqÀ vÁ®ÆPÀÄ : §AmÁé¼À

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WA : 1586-87/2015 98/1¦1-0.83 1) vÉgÉ¸Á r¸ÉÆÃd 4 ZÉÃ¼ÀÆgÀÄ §AmÁé¼À zÀQët PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¥ÀæPÀgÀt vÀ¤SÉAiÀÄ°ègÀÄvÀÛzÉ (WP:8953/2011 ; 95/3J¦-3.44 2)eÁPÉÆÃ¨ï r¸ÉÆÃd 17975/2009 ) ANNEXURE-IX LAND DOCUMENT