Universal Transition from Unstructured to Structured Neural Maps
Universal transition from unstructured to structured PNAS PLUS neural maps Marvin Weiganda,b,1, Fabio Sartoria,b,c, and Hermann Cuntza,b,d,1 aErnst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Frankfurt/Main D-60528, Germany; bFrankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt/Main D-60438, Germany; cMax Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt/Main D-60438, Germany; and dFaculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main D-60438, Germany Edited by Terrence J. Sejnowski, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, and approved April 5, 2017 (received for review September 28, 2016) Neurons sharing similar features are often selectively connected contradictory to experimental observations (24, 25). Structured with a higher probability and should be located in close vicinity to maps in the visual cortex have been described in primates, carni- save wiring. Selective connectivity has, therefore, been proposed vores, and ungulates but are reported to be absent in rodents, to be the cause for spatial organization in cortical maps. In- which instead exhibit unstructured, seemingly random arrange- terestingly, orientation preference (OP) maps in the visual cortex ments commonly referred to as salt-and-pepper configurations are found in carnivores, ungulates, and primates but are not found (26–28). Phase transitions between an unstructured and a struc- in rodents, indicating fundamental differences in selective connec- tured map have been described in a variety of models as a function tivity that seem unexpected for closely related species. Here, we of various model parameters (12, 13). Still, the biological correlate investigate this finding by using multidimensional scaling to of the phase transition and therefore, the reason for the existence of predict the locations of neurons based on minimizing wiring costs structured and unstructured neural maps in closely related species for any given connectivity.
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