Biology Unit 1 – Brain, Background Paper 1-2

Human Brain Anatomy Make fists with both of your hands and them hold them together, knuckles to knuckles. This gives you an approximation of the size of your brain. Like the left and right fists of this model, your brain is divided into left and right hemispheres. A deep groove, the , separates the two hemispheres. The two hemispheres communicate through a narrow band of tissue deep in the center of the brain called the . In extreme cases of epileptic the two halves are separated by a procedure called a corpus callosotomy. Corpus callostomy proceedures were first performed in the 1940’s. Bizarre results often occur from this operation since the two halves of the brain are no longer able to communicate. The two hemispheres of the are further divided into lobes. The lobe furthest forward is the Frontal Lobe. The lobe lying below each ear is the Temporal Lobe. The lobe lying on the top of the head is the Parietal Lobe. Finally the lobe at the rear of the brain is the Occipital Lobe. Specific terms are used to identify directions on the body: Head end = Anterior Front side=Ventral Surface Tail end = Posterior Back side=Dorsal Surface Deep within the center of the brain are a series of fluid filled chambers called ventricles. The cerebral spinal fluid of the ventricles is replenished daily and circulates throughout the brain. The ever popular spinal tap is a surgical procedure where a sample of the CSF (cerebral spinal fluid) is removed and analyzed for evidence of disease. Changes in size and shape of the ventricles also indicate abnormalities. Just below and posterior to the two hemispheres of the cerebrum is a smaller structure called the cerebellum. Joining the cerebrum and cerebellum to the is the brain stem. The part of the brain stem closest to the spinal cord is the medulla. Above the medulla is a swelling called the pons. Lying above the pons is the midbrain. Finally the uppermost part of the brainstem is the and hypothalamus. Color, and label the four different lobes mentioned in this background paper. Color and label the Cerebellum and Brain Stem. When the reading is returned to you cut the completed drawing out and paste in your journal.

Reading1-2 Name ______Date ______Period ______Points Earned Title of Reading: 1-2 Anatomy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Concept Map of Reading (3 points)

Main Idea

A) What one question do I have about this article?

1 Point A & B B) Show or describe the reading to a parent or guardian (Name ______). What comments or questions did they have concerning the reading? (Biology Homework Time ______)

Answer # 1 2 3

Background1-2,BrainAnatomy2014.docx Text 2014 Greg Ballog Page 2