The Benefits to the UK of European High-Speed Weapon Co-Operation

Peter Hall, Head of Aerodynamics, Propulsion, And Lethality, MBDA An established European pedigree in high speed systems

ASRAAM

Common Anti-Air Modular Missile (CAMM) CAMM-ER

ASMP-A

Sovereign hypersonic capabilities can be realised through leveraging European experience and investment in high-supersonic missile systems

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• Identifying the real need for speed: where can hypersonics offer a step change in sovereign capabilities?

Ground-to-Air

Hypersonic Glide Vehicles Missile Defence Anti-Ship Air-to-Ground New concepts Strategic Targets Air-to-Air

• The different will have very different requirements, which will need to be met using different technologies

• By understanding these requirements we can focus our investments & investigations on the appropriate technologies

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• Identifying the technologies that meet that specific need and driving them to maturity:

• Propulsion • Rocket? Solid Ramjet? Liquid Ramjet? SABRE? • Intake design to operate efficiently across the speed & altitude range

• Airframe aerothermal & thermal design • The need to be aerodynamically efficient and thermally efficient • How do we reduce the heat entering the missile? • How do we manage the heat in the missile?

• Fuel system • Very high flow rates can be needed

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• Identifying the technologies that meet that specific need and driving them to maturity • Materials

Ceramic SiAlon Tungsten Composite Radome

• Seeker

- Is the seeker range long enough to allow the missile to identify it’s target & manoeuvre to it accurately? • Control & Actuation - High closing speeds & asymmetric airframes will need rapid control systems, with large aerodynamic forces & moments to achieve sufficient missile agility

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• Identifying the technologies that meet that specific need and driving them to maturity • Effect: - Can a warhead & fuze work in a hypersonic impact? - Can a Hittile (no warhead) be accurate enough to destroy the target using Kinetic Energy? • Simulation & Modelling

• Operational Analysis / Concept of Operations - Do we understand how hypersonic missiles will change how our system will be used? - Do our weapon systems, & the wider operating system, allow the user to react to any threat quickly enough to take advantage of a hypersonic capability?

Page 6 This document and the information contained herein is proprietary information of MBDA UK Limited and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior authorisation of MBDA UK Limited. Copyright © MBDA UK Limited 2019 The breadth of the challenge - 1

• Identification of robust requirements through joint working with customers and users • Developing a complex weapon system requires: • Technology access • Security of supply • Validated design tools - For technology - For equipment - For system(s) • Lifecycle cost data • Testing facilities • Proving facilities • Manufacturing processes • In-service support services • Understand the design trade space & the sensitivity of any optimums • Take the right technologies through to product maturity • Deliver a balanced weapon system

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• The hypersonic domain intrinsically demands a highly tuned system to meet UK sovereign capabilities needs • To deliver a robust solution that provides the necessary performance and Freedom of Action will need clear requirements definition and mastery of the technologies involved • This will require significant investment in time and resources to specify, develop, demonstrate, deliver and accept the product. • MBDA philosophy: Leverage our national and European experience in the high-supersonic regime to reduce the time and cost to delivering a sovereign hypersonic capability. • This experience includes, as a minimum: • Technologies, materials, airframe and propulsion • Dedicated CFD code (combustion modelling, high altitude) • Trials & demonstration means

Page 8 This document and the information contained herein is proprietary information of MBDA UK Limited and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior authorisation of MBDA UK Limited. Copyright © MBDA UK Limited 2019 The wider benefits of European Co-Operation

• Avoid duplication of investment in capabilities through building on national strengths and experience in design, test & manufacture of different technologies. For example: • – liquid fuel ramjets, hypersonic ramjet test facilities & wind tunnels • Germany – solid fuel ramjets • Across EU – materials • UK – seekers, high speed missile control and actuators, SABRE technology • Enable a broad exploration of the design space with different approaches to provide the best opportunity to find the optimum design solution • Shared cost of procurement, including development, qualification and in-service support • Building on parity of requirements, parity of budgets, parity of R&T base… • Mutual reliance, which underpins Freedom of Action

Page 9 This document and the information contained herein is proprietary information of MBDA UK Limited and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior authorisation of MBDA UK Limited. Copyright © MBDA UK Limited 2019 Can the UK join the hypersonic weapons race?

Page 10 This document and the information contained herein is proprietary information of MBDA UK Limited and shall not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior authorisation of MBDA UK Limited. Copyright © MBDA UK Limited 2019