April 2006 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 149 - 1

CLASS 149, EXPLOSIVE AND THERMIC COM- POSITIONS OR CHARGES (B) Methods of preparing or treating such compositions not otherwise provided for. The classification of pro- SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION cesses is based upon particular components of the explosive or thermic composition. This class includes:

(A) Compositions which are: SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS (1) Explosive; explosive compositions for the purpose of this class are those containing both a fuel and suffi- Compositions are in this class when defined as charges cient oxygen or an oxidizer so that, upon initiation, they or forms which, in addition to the composition, set out are capable of undergoing a chemical change at a rela- nominal structure or shape of the charge or component tively high rate of speed, or a speed approaching instan- thereof, unless the structure and/or size is such that there taneous, resulting in the production of usable force is imparted to the charge or component the capacity to through chemical change in the composition to produce function, as an individual unit to produce or alter a par- gaseous products and usually heat, and are used for ticular explosive or thermic effect, for which structure blasting, firearms, jet propulsion of rockets, vehicles, or form see Class 102. However, plural components etc., rapidly filling automotive passenger-restraining associated as layered charges are in Class 149 if no par- gas-bags, etc. See Glossary, below. ticular structure and/or size of any of the layers is set forth. (2) “Thermite”; “Thermite-type” compositions for the purpose of this class include; (a) a consumable fuel Jet and rocket engine fuels are classified in this class component which is any of metal (alloy and intermetal- when (a) the fuel component includes an oxidant com- lic compounds), metal-metalloid compounds, metal- ponent in sufficient quantity to provide the major por- loids, and hydrides of metals or metalloids; (b) and in tion of oxygen necessary for its combustion, or (b) when combination therewith an oxidant component which is the fuels are specialized for jet and rocket use only and either a metal oxide, inorganic oxygen salts and organic are contemplated to be combined with an oxidant other metal salts capable of yielding a metal oxide on decom- than air, except that included herein are those fuels position, which components, depending upon the man- which are known to be, or are disclosed as being, hyper- ner reacted, produce quantities of heat and chemical by- golic even with air as the oxidant. products, either solid or fluid which by-products may be recoverable. These compositions, by way of examples, Conventional fuels, including those disclosed as being are employed to produce usable heat and light, chemical capable of use in turbo, ram or pulse jet power plants products and especially metals, in pyrotechnics and and which include such additives as anti-corrosion sub- incendiary, match compositions and smokes and for stances or ignition promotors, are in Class 44. explosive priming or as additives for explosive compositions. Compositions claimed as fuels and disclosed as being capable of functioning either with air or with other oxi- Included within this definition are unreacted mixtures of dants are classified in Class 44; see below with respect metals with metalloids because, though they contain no to the “Search” references involving Classes 44 and 75. oxidant, they nevertheless react similarly to “Thermites” to yield usable heat. Also included are thermite compo- The rules for determining Class placement of the Origi- sitions which contain an additive designed to prolong nal Reference (OR) for claimed chemical compositions heating effects, reduce the production of gas or other by- are set forth in the Class Definition of Class 252 in the products or otherwise moderate the exothermic activity section LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND of the composition. WITHIN THIS CLASS, subsection COMPOSITION CLASS SUPERIORITY, which includes a hierarchical (3) Fuel specialized for jet-rocket engine and intended ORDER OF SUPERIORITY FOR COMPOSITION for reaction with an oxidant therein, excluding air, in CLASSES. order to provide thrust for motive power purposes.

(4) For use in neutralizing the poisonous gases of explo- SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER sives. CLASSES

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bleaching by chemical reduction, in deoxygen- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: tion, or in other chemical reductions of extra- 34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, neous substances or in generating hydrogen, appropriate subclasses. but having no disclosed Class 149 Utility. 44, Fuel and Related Compositions, for fuels, 260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, for organic composition for producing heat without flames explosive compounds and processes of produc- or glowing, and certain products, e.g, matches, ing or treating them. etc., which use the compositions of this class. 264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or 60, Power Plants, for rocket motors, especially Treating: Processes, appropriate subclasses for subclasses 205+ for propulsion methods utiliz- processes within the class definition, for shaping compositions of this class (149). ing and molding plastic compositions, in par- 71, Chemistry: Fertilizers, appropriate subclasses ticular subclass 3.1 pertaining to shaping of for components of this class (149) used in fer- explosives or propellants. tilizer compositions. 280, Land Vehicles, subclasses 728.1+ for airbag 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Composi- type passenger safety guard attachments. tions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal 327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Partic- Devices, Circuits, and Systems, subclass 525 ulate Mixtures, subclass 27 for processes of for a self-destructive composition in combina- producing metals utilizing thermite composition with a circuit board. tions. 366, Agitating, for treating methods limited to agita- 102, Ammunition and Explosives, for ammunition tion, and appropriate apparatus. and related devices utilizing the compositions 420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, appropriate of this class. subclasses for alloys or metallic compositions, 106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, appropriate per se, which may be useful as a fuel in a com- subclasses for coating compositions, per se, position of this class (149). and particularly subclasses 139.1+, 162.7+, 423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for inor- and 169.01+ and indented subclasses for ganic compounds, per se, and processes for pyroxylin containing compositions for addi- their production by a chemical reaction. tions to nitrocellulose other than for explosive 425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or purposes. Treating: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses 126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 263.01+ for for apparatus to shape or reshape plastic com- heaters utilizing compositions of this class for positions. heat source. 428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, 131, Tobacco, subclass 185 for tobacco products appropriate subclasses, for a stock material utilizing composition of this class for igniting product in the form of a single or plural layer purposes. web or sheet which may be structurally 228, Metal Fusion Bonding, subclass 56.3 for a sin- defined, and not specifically provided for else- gle or plural layer metal article useful as filler where. material in a metal fusion bonding operation 431, Combustion, subclasses 357+ for an illuminat- combined with a thermite segment; and, sub- ing flash device burning a charge of thermic or classes 227 and 234.3+ for a process of weld- explosive material. ing using chemical heating compositions. 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcom- 241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, binations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabi- appropriate subclasses, especially subclass 31, lizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for processes and apparatus for comminuting for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid sys- explosive materials. tem (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or 252, Compositions, subclass 70 for a composition agents for such systems or making or stabiliz- which may release heat, due to a readily revers- ing such systems or agents, when generically ible chemical reaction, subclasses 186.1+ for claimed or when there is no hierarchically compositions which contain substances for, or superior provision in the USPC for the specifi- peculiar to, use in bleaching by oxidation, or in cally claimed art, and when produced by reac- other oxidation of extraneous substances, or in tions other than by combustion or "Thermite- generating oxygen, subclasses 188.1+ for com- type". positions which contain substances for use in

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520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523, sub- FUEL COMPONENT: class 180 for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber having utility as a For the purpose of this class is a material intended for binder in a solid propellant composition or to reacting, or to be used in combination, with an oxidant processes of preparing said composition. component and includes such finely divided materials as 588, Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Con- metals (including alloys and intermetallic compounds), tainment, subclass 403 for the destruction of metalloids, metal-metalloid compounds, hydrides of explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnics. metals or metalloids, carbon, sulfur, vegetable material, carbohydrates, hydrocarbons and nitrogen containing organic compounds generally. (Certain substances as SECTION IV - GLOSSARY gels, paraffins, sulfur, etc., need not be finely divided.)

CHARGE GRAIN OR POWDER

As used herein refers to a mixture of ingredients produc- In the armament arts refers to a charge exhibiting certain ing a composition of this class or a definite quantity of definite structural characteristics, but as used in this shapeless or structureless material forming a composi- class the mere reference to “grain” or “powder” without tion of this class; or at least two compounds or composi- recitation of definite structure, or with reference merely tions or any mixtures of these associated together or to nominal shape, will be construed as being virtually composited but in an unmixed condition, e.g., a primary synonymous with the term “granule” and with finely explosive associated but not intermixed with a second- divided “particulate” or “powdered” material. ary explosive, or those compositions including only nominal structure or form. MATRIX

EXPLOSIVE OR THERMIC COMPONENT As used in this class refers to a shapeless mass resulting by solidifying at least one component from either its liq- As used in this class covers (1) explosive or thermic uid or molten state in more or less a continuous phase compositions, per se, (2) the oxidant portion, (3) the fuel and wherein there is dispersed throughout at least a sec- portion of such compositions. See also (4) Note class ond component in particulate form and in substantially a definition. discontinuous phase.

EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITIONS NITRATE V. NITRO

Are classified (a) as HIGH EXPLOSIVE, which, for the The term “nitrate” is generally used as a suffix in the purpose of this class, is one whose rate of reaction is name of an organic compound, e.g., an ester containing substantially instantaneous or detonating in character, the -ONO2 radical, e.g., guanidine nitrate, while “nitro” and is either (1) an extremely sensitive or highly reac- is generally used as a prefix to designate an organic tive or detonating chemical compound which is known compound having the -NO2 radical, e.g. nitro-guani- as a PRIMARY EXPLOSIVE and is used to initiate the dine. The art, however has not maintained this distinc- secondary or other explosive component of the charge; tion in all cases and thus compounds having the -ONO2 or (2) is a composition of a combination of two or more radical which should be known, more properly, as primary explosives and as such is known as a SEC- “nitrates”, instead, have been known through the years ONDARY or other DERIVED EXPLOSIVE. Such an as “nitro” compounds. No attempt is made in this class explosive reacts with detonating force or brisance which to correct this situation and the terms as applied to these is sufficient to shatter the surrounding medium; (b) as compounds in this class are the same as are currently LOW EXPLOSIVE, which for the purpose of this class, accepted and used in this and related arts. For example, is controlled to some time interval, less than instanta- the nitrates of such compounds as cellulose, glycerine neous, and as compared to that of high explosive, is and starch, among others, are commonly known as slow or deflagrating (burning) in character. It has the “nitro-cellulose”, “nitroglycerine” and “nitro-starch” property or power to displace the surrounding medium. respectively, and when they so appear in this class, the Although it may be used for certain blasting purposes it reference, in spite of the inconsistency, is to a compound is used principally as PROPELLANT to set in motion of the -NO radical or -ONO . bullets, missiles or similar devices regardless of size. 3 2

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nature, e.g., carbon, sawdust or other NITRATED vegetable matter.

As used in this class, unless otherwise specified, is (3) Note. For definition of “fuel” and “oxi- intended as a generic expression for compounds or sub- dant”, see the class definition Glossary stances both organic and inorganic which contain at and see Glossary also for definition of least one of the empirical radical (s)-(ONOx)y or - “charge”. (NOx)y, wherein “x” and “y” are whole numbers. Pre- dominately, in this class “x” is 2 and “y”, where the SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: compound permits, is 3 or more. 502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or Process of Mak- OXIDANT COMPONENT: ing, for a catalyst on a carrier which may include carbon and subclasses As used in this class relates to that portion of a composi- 400+ and 526 for a sorbent, per se, for tion which carries sufficient available oxygen to oxidize liquified fuel or oxygen. at least a substantial portion, if not all, of the fuel component of the composition, and includes metal oxides, 2 STRUCTURE OR ARRANGEMENT OF and organic compounds capable of yielding metal oxide, COMPONENT OR PRODUCT: nitrogen-oxygen or oxygen-halogen salts which are This subclass is indented under the class defini- either organic or inorganic, including the oxides and tion. Compositions or products which define acids of nitrogen-oxygen, liquefied gaseous material, (1) the particular shape or structure of at least and in the case of “Thermites” only, any inorganic oxy- one ingredient of the composition or product or gen salt. the nominal shape and/or physical characteristic of the composition or product or nominal THERMIC COMPONENT: shape of the container therefor; (2) a solid-solid suspension, (a solid dispersed within a solidi- (See explosive component) is similar to an explosive fied matrix material); (3) a compacted or component as defined above except that the component bonded mass of ingredients; (4) products may not react quite with the speed or power of an explo- wherein at least one ingredient of the composi- sive and includes such compositions or components tion or charge is coated; and (5) at least two thereof as “Thermite”, pyrotechnic, incendiary, fuse, separate contacting layers or bodies and in match, smoke, or those compositions or components which each layer or body is composed of a dif- thereof which react or are capable of reacting to yield ferent ingredient or ingredients each having usable quantities of heat with or without desired chemi- different properties or different compositions. cal products. See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class in the class definition. SUBCLASSES (1) Note. Designation of an ingredient or 1 CONTAINING LIQUEFIED GASEOUS composition as granular or particulate is FUEL OR LIQUEFIED OXYGEN SUP- not considered as defining a particular PLYING MATERIAL: shape or structure for this and indented This subclass is indented under the class defini- subclasses. See Glossary under the class tion. Compositions or charges in which the definition. oxidant and/or fuel component are in a liquefied state. (2) Note. A particular shape for this and indented subclasses is, for example, (1) Note. These are materials that are nor- globular, needle, spherical, rectangular, mally gaseous, e.g., oxygen, air, ozone sheet, cast body, pellet, etc. A physical or certain hydrocarbons. characteristic is stating the particle size of an ingredient or the density of a com- (2) Note. The liquefied material may be posite. Defining the composite by dif- contained as an impregnant of an absor- ferences in its internal and external bent substance usually carbonaceous in density or defining the composite as “puffed” is considered “nominal” struc-

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ture for this and indented subclasses. material or of explosive compounds for See Glossary under the class definition. such purposes as preservation, or to ren- der the material insensitive, is in the SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: appropriate material class or coating 44, Fuel and Related Compositions, subclass. classes 506+ for a solid fuel combined with a composition of this class, sub- (2) Note. The term “coating” as used in this classes 520+ and 530+ for a solid fuel and indented subclasses has the same product having a defined shape or scope as that found in the class definition structure and subclasses 542+ for a of Class 427, Coating Processes, except solid fuel composition coated or that “impregnation” is not considered to impregnated for easier ignition. be “coating” for these subclasses unless 102, Ammunition and Explosives, appro- the patent makes it clear that the charac- priate subclasses, for the combination teristics of only the surface of the mate- of an explosive charge or composition rial is modified. Generally, patents are within a container the latter defined not considered for this and indented sub- either structurally or by dimension; classes which involve merely the addi- and subclasses 283+ for charges tion of a liquid portion to an adsorbent (grains) defined by particular shape or portion or to a composition or product structure or dimension, e.g., grains or that contains or serves as an adsorbent. charge of a specified size or grains having specified web or perforations. (3) Note. Patents for products or charges See also “(2) Note”, of this subclass. which are defined by composition and 502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support structure, even though the structure is Therefor: Product or Process of Mak- only nominally recited are classified in ing, subclasses 527.11 through 527.24 Class 102, Ammunition and Explosives, for an art collection of sorbents or cat- when the overall charge or unit is alysts having particular shape or claimed as being coated. structure. 520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- appropriate subclasses, particularly CLASS: Class 523, subclass 180 for a compo- 17+, for products having a portion in the sition containing a synthetic resin or form of particles which are dispersed natural rubber having utility as a throughout a more or less continuous binder in a solid propellant composi- solidified or matrix portion. tion or to processes of preparing said composition. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 86, Ammunition and Explosive-Charge 3 Coated component: Making, appropriate subclasses, for This subclass is indented under subclass 2. combined processes of explosive Compositions or products in which at least two charge making which include a coat- of the components are associated together such ing step. that one constitutes a coating and the other a 102, Ammunition and Explosives, appro- base or support for the coating. priate subclasses, and particularly subclasses 283+ for coated preshaped (1) Note. This and indented subclasses take explosive charges, grains or units, and patents relating to coated explosive or see “(3) Note” to this subclass, (of thermic compositions or products and to Class 149). components thereof under the definition 260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, its of this class and to coating processes daughter Classes 530-570, and Class when intended to aid or otherwise bene- 585, Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Com- ficially modify the explosive or thermic pounds, appropriate subclasses for properties of the material. The coating, organic compounds, including explo- per se, of nonexplosive or nonthermic sive compounds, when treated with a

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preservative unless the “preservative” is disclosed as further aiding the 9 Component base contains organic explosive explosive or thermic properties of the or organic thermic constituent: compound. This subclass is indented under subclass 3. 423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, Compositions or products in which the base or subclass 274, for inorganic com- support is an organic explosive or organic ther- pounds coated with a preservative. mic compound. 427, Coating Processes, for processes of coating in general. (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the definition of subclass 4. 4 Component base contains both organic and inorganic explosive or thermic constituents: 10 Component base contains nitrocellulose and This subclass is indented under subclass 3. nitroglycerine: Compositions or products in which the base (or This subclass is indented under subclass 9. support) contains both organic and inorganic Compositions of products in which the base or explosive or thermic materials. support is a composition containing both nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine. (1) Note. For definition of “explosive or thermic materials”, see the class defini- (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the definition Glossary tion of subclass 47.

5 Component base contains an inorganic 11 Coating contains organic compound: explosive or inorganic thermic constituent: This subclass is indented under subclass 9. This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Compositions or products in which the coating Compositions or products in which the base (or contains organic matter. support) is an inorganic explosive or inorganic thermic compound or element. 12 Coating contains organic explosive or organic thermic component: (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- This subclass is indented under subclass 11. tion of subclass 4. Compositions or products in which the coating contains an organic explosive or organic ther- 6 Coating contains organic compound: mic compound. This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Compositions or products in which the coating 13 Coating contains nitrated toluene: is organic material. This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Compositions or products wherein the coating 7 Component base contains an inorganic contains nitrotoluene. explosive or inorganic thermic salt: This subclass is indented under subclass 6. (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- Compositions or products in which the base (or tion of subclass 47. support) is an inorganic explosive or inorganic thermic salt. 14 Contiguous layers or zones: This subclass is indented under subclass 2. 8 Coating contains organic explosive or ther- Products which include at least two separate mic component: and distinct superimposed or contiguous layers This subclass is indented under subclass 7. or forms of different components or of compo- Compositions or products in which the coating nents having different properties; e.g., one is an organic explosive or organic thermic layer may constitute the base charge and a sec- material. ond layer the primer charge.

(1) Note. The layers or forms may be in loose particulate form or in a solid or compacted form.

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forming a dispersion of particles (and (2) Note. The layers or forms must be in maintaining them as such) in a liquid fol- direct contact and must not be separated lowed by solidifying the liquid to yield a by space or other nonexplosive or non- homogeneous two phase mass or by thermic body. melting at least one phase of a solid mul- tiphase system followed by solidifying, SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: e.g., freezing, setting, curing, solvent 102, Ammunition and Explosives, appro- removal, etc., or (b) similarly forming a priate subclasses and particularly sub- homogeneous two phase mass by mixing classes 200+, 320, 338, 352, 360, and at least two liquids having different 443, among others, for ammunition solidification temperatures, the first to devices utilizing the subject matter of solidify being formed into granules and this and indented subclasses. dispersed in the last liquid to solidify the 428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Arti- latter serving as the matrix and (c) mill- cles, appropriate subclasses, for a ing or kneading a plastic, stiff paste or stock material product of general util- dough material containing a particulate ity and in the form of a single or plural material to form a two phase homoge- layer web or sheet. neous mass. Excluded however, are those products or compositions wherein 15 Layer or zone contains an inorganic explo- the “particulate material” is a filler, sive or inorganic thermic component: color, dye or similarly nonexplosive This subclass is indented under subclass 14. material. For the purpose of this and Composite charges wherein at least one of the indented subclasses the presence of at layers of the composite contains an inorganic least 10% of the matrix-phase material is explosive or inorganic thermic material. arbitrariconsidered to be a sufficient quantity to inherently form the matrix in (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- continuous phase unless the patent spe- tion of subclass 4. cifically teaches to the contrary.

16 Layer or zone contains at least one inorganic (3) Note. Patents are not classified within component from the group of azide, fulmi- this and indented subclasses which nate, phosphorus and phosphide: involve merely the addition of a liquid to This subclass is indented under subclass 15. particulate material where the latter Composite charges wherein at least one of the serves as a carrier or adsorbent for the layers of the composite contains an inorganic liquid (even though the liquid is said to azide and/or fulminate and/or phosphorus or be a binder) where such liquid is, for binary compound of phosphorus (excluding example, either fugitive, remains as liq- oxides of phosphorus). uid or evaporates leaving a solid particulate residue. 17 Solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: This subclass is indented under subclass 2. 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Product containing particulate material dis- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes persed substantially entirely within a solidified of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or or matrix medium and which products are char- Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid acterized by dispersed phase within a continu- systems of continuous or semicontin- ous phase. uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- (1) Note. See part “(2)” of the definition of ulates) or agents for such systems or subclass 2 and see also “(1)” Note”, f. of making or stabilizing such systems or the class definition. agents, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically supe- (2) Note. The product for this and indented rior provision in the USPC for the subclasses is usually obtained by (a) specifically claimed art.

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of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or 18 Continuous phase contains organic mate- Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid rial: systems of continuous or semicontin- This subclass is indented under subclass 17. uous solid phase with discontinuous Products, wherein the continuous phase con- liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- tains an organic material. ulates) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: agents, when generically claimed or 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; when there is no hierarchically supe- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes rior provision in the USPC for the of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or specifically claimed art. Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontin- 19.3 Resin contains fluorine, bromine or iodine: uous solid phase with discontinuous This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- Products comprising a resin containing fluo- ulates) or agents for such systems or rine, bromine, or iodine. making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed or SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: when there is no hierarchically supe- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; rior provision in the USPC for the Subcombinations Thereof; Processes specifically claimed art. of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid 19.1 Organic material contains polysaccharide systems of continuous or semicontin- resin or synthetic resin: uous solid phase with discontinuous This subclass is indented under subclass 18. liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- Products wherein the organic material is a syn- ulates) or agents for such systems or thetic resin or a polysaccharide resin or a deriv- making or stabilizing such systems or ative of a polysaccharide resin. agents, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically supe- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: rior provision in the USPC for the 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; specifically claimed art. Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or 19.4 Polyurethane: Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. systems of continuous or semicontin- Products wherein the backbone chain of the uous solid phase with discontinuous resin contains a recurring group of the urethane liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- linkage ulates) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: agents, when generically claimed or 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; when there is no hierarchically supe- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes rior provision in the USPC for the of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or specifically claimed art. Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontin- 19.2 Including organometallic or organo (silicon/ uous solid phase with discontinuous boron) compound: liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. ulates) or agents for such systems or Products in which the organic material com- making or stabilizing such systems or prises a metal or a silicon or a boron atom agents, when generically claimed or bonded directly to a carbon atom. when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: specifically claimed art. 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes

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of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or 19.5 Polyester: Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. systems of continuous or semicontin- Products wherein the resin is formed by a reac- uous solid phase with discontinuous tion between a polyhydric alcohol and a poly- liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- basic carboxylic acid or anhydride to yield ulates) or agents for such systems or what is commonly known as a polyester. making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed or SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: when there is no hierarchically supe- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; rior provision in the USPC for the Subcombinations Thereof; Processes specifically claimed art. of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid 19.8 Nitrocellulose: systems of continuous or semicontin- This subclass is indented under subclass 19.7. uous solid phase with discontinuous Products wherein the polysaccharide resin is liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- nitrocellulose. ulates) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: agents, when generically claimed or 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; when there is no hierarchically supe- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes rior provision in the USPC for the of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or specifically claimed art. Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontin- 19.6 Resin contains oxirane groups or interunit uous solid phase with discontinuous ether linkages: liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. ulates) or agents for such systems or Products wherein either (1) the resin contains making or stabilizing such systems or more than one oxirane group or (2) the inter- agents, when generically claimed or unit linkages of a recurring group within the when there is no hierarchically supe- backbone chain of the resin is an ether linkage. rior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; 19.9 Polymerized conjugated diene: Subcombinations Thereof; Processes This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Products wherein the resin is a polymerized Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid conjugated diene. systems of continuous or semicontinuous solid phase with discontinuous SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; ulates) or agents for such systems or Subcombinations Thereof; Processes making or stabilizing such systems or of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or agents, when generically claimed or Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid when there is no hierarchically supe- systems of continuous or semicontin- rior provision in the USPC for the uous solid phase with discontinuous specifically claimed art. liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) or agents for such systems or 19.7 Polysaccharide or derivative thereof: making or stabilizing such systems or This subclass is indented under subclass 19.6. agents, when generically claimed or Products wherein the resin is a polymerized when there is no hierarchically supe- polysaccharide or a derivative thereof. rior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes

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19.91 Polymerized ethylenically unsaturated com- 19.93 Prior treatment of dispersed phase: pound: This subclass is indented under subclass 19.92. This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. Processes wherein the dispersed particles are Products wherein the resin is a polymerized treated prior to mixing with the continuous vinyl compound. phase.

19.92 Process: 20 Dispersed solid contains inorganic explosive This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. or inorganic thermic component: Processes for the preparation of products con- This subclass is indented under subclass 18. taining the resin which do not claim a definite Products wherein the solid particles dispersed resin. in the matrix contain an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic ingredient. (1) Note. Where only a process is claimed, the product of which is provided for in a (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- product subclass above, and the process tion of subclass 4. is capable of more general application, the original has been placed in appropri- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: ate product subclass and a cross refer- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; ence placed in the process subclass. Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; systems of continuous or semicontin- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes uous solid phase with discontinuous of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid ulates) or agents for such systems or systems of continuous or semicontin- making or stabilizing such systems or uous solid phase with discontinuous agents, when generically claimed or liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- when there is no hierarchically supe- ulates) or agents for such systems or rior provision in the USPC for the making or stabilizing such systems or specifically claimed art. agents, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically supe- 21 Particles of diverse size or shape: rior provision in the USPC for the This subclass is indented under subclass 2. specifically claimed art. Compositions or products which are composed of at least two particles differing in size, shape, structure or some physical characteristic, particularly the density, the above difference

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affecting the ultimate properties of the composition or product. 26 With metal azide or metal fulminate compound: (1) Note. Patents in this subclass are gener- This subclass is indented under subclass 24. ally directed to blending of ingredients Compositions containing an inorganic metal having the mentioned differences in azide or an inorganic metal fulminate com- order to control the burning rate. pound.

(2) Note. A recitation that a portion of a 27 With organic explosive or organic thermic component is held back or passes a given component: screen mesh is not a recitation of parti- This subclass is indented under subclass 24. cles of two or more sizes. Compositions containing an organic explosive or organic thermic component. (3) Note. Search appropriate subclasses, for similar blends or mixtures wherein simi- (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- lar burning rate control results by vary- tion of subclass 4. ing the chemical properties of at least one ingredient. 28 With inorganic explosive or inorganic thermic component: 22 CONTAINING FREE BORON OR This subclass is indented under subclass 27. BINARY COMPOUNDS OF BORON Compositions containing also an inorganic (EXCEPT WITH OXYGEN) OR explosive or inorganic thermic component. BORANES: This subclass is indented under the class defini- 29 CONTAINING FREE PHOSPHORUS OR tion. Compositions containing elemental BINARY COMPOUND OF PHOSPHORUS boron, or a binary boron compound (excluding (EXCEPT WITH OXYGEN): those with oxygen) or organic boranes. This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions wherein at least one of the 23 CONTAINING NITRATED METALLO- explosive or thermic materials is elemental ORGANIC COMPOUND: phosphorus or a binary compound of phospho- This subclass is indented under the class defini- rus, (excluding those with oxygen). tion. Compositions containing a nitrated metal organic compound. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; (1) Note. For definition of the term Subcombinations Thereof; Processes “nitrated” see the class definition, Glos- of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or sary, and see also “(1) Note” under the Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- definition of subclass 47. ous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) 24 Nitrated organic compound of lead: or agents for such systems or making This subclass is indented under subclass 23. or stabilizing such systems or agents, Compositions wherein at least one of the when produced by reactions other nitrated metal organic compounds is a com- than by combustion or "Thermite- pound of lead. type", subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous 25 With additional nitrated metallo-organic solid phase with discontinuous liquid compound: phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) This subclass is indented under subclass 24. or agents for such systems or making Compositions containing an additional nitrated or stabilizing such systems or agents; metal organic compound. in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.

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in each instance, when generically 30 With free metal, or alloy or metalloid: claimed or when there is no hierarchi- This subclass is indented under subclass 29. cally superior provision in the USPC Compositions containing metal or metal alloy for the specifically claimed art. or metalloid. 32 Binary compound of phosphorus (except (1) Note. Included under the term “metal- with oxygen): loid” are the elements: selenium, silicon This subclass is indented under subclass 31. and tellurium. Compositions wherein at least a portion of the phosphorus is in the form of a binary com- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: pound, (excluding those with oxygen). 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes ous gas or vapor phase colloid system of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- or agents for such systems or making ous gas or vapor phase colloid system or stabilizing such systems or agents, (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) when produced by reactions other or agents for such systems or making than by combustion or "Thermite- or stabilizing such systems or agents, type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- when produced by reactions other tems of continuous or semicontinuous than by combustion or "Thermite- solid phase with discontinuous liquid type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) tems of continuous or semicontinuous or agents for such systems or making solid phase with discontinuous liquid or stabilizing such systems or agents; phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) in each instance, when generically or agents for such systems or making claimed or when there is no hierarchi- or stabilizing such systems or agents; cally superior provision in the USPC in each instance, when generically for the specifically claimed art. claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC 31 With inorganic oxygen-halogen salt: for the specifically claimed art. This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Compositions containing at least one inorganic 33 CONTAINING INORGANIC METAL oxygen-halogen salt. FULMINATE: This subclass is indented under the class defini- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: tion. Compositions wherein at least one of the 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; explosive or thermic materials is an inorganic Subcombinations Thereof; Processes metal fulminate compound. of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- ous gas or vapor phase colloid system tion of subclass 4. (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or making 34 With nitrated organic compound or inor- or stabilizing such systems or agents, ganic oxygen-halogen salt: when produced by reactions other This subclass is indented under subclass 33. than by combustion or "Thermite- Compositions containing at least one inorganic type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- nitrate salt or inorganic oxygen-halogen salt. tems of continuous or semicontinuous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents;

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tions, and Loose Metal Particulate 35 CONTAINING INORGANIC METAL Mixtures, appropriate subclasses, par- AZIDE: ticularly subclass 27 for processes of This subclass is indented under the class defini- producing metals utilizing composition. Compositions wherein at least one of the tions of this and indented subclasses, explosive or thermic materials is an inorganic subclasses 228+ for a composition metal azide compound. having a continuous phase of free metal made by consolidating metal (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- particles, and subclasses 252+ for a tion of subclass 4. loose metal particle composition, mixed with particles of nonmetal. 36 CONTAINING HYDRAZINE OR HYDRA- 104, Railways, subclass 15 for track weld- ZINE DERIVATIVE: ers using compositions of this and This subclass is indented under the class defini- indented subclasses. tion. Compositions containing hydrazine or 126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses derivative thereof containing a hydrazine radi- 263.01+ for heaters or stoves utilizing cal. the compositions of this class as the means for producing heat. Patents 37 METAL OR ALLOY OR METALLOID, including the composition in combi- EACH IN PARTICULATE FORM, WITH nation are also classified in this sub- AT LEAST ONE METAL OXIDE, INOR- class (of Class 126). GANIC OXYGEN CONTAINING SALT 164, Metal Founding, subclasses 53+ for OR ORGANIC METAL-OXYGEN SALT: metal casting utilizing a reactive heat- This subclass is indented under the class defini- ing composition. tion. Compositions which contain at least one 228, Metal Fusion Bonding, subclasses metal or metalloid and at least one oxygen sup- 101+, especially subclasses 234.3+ plying material which may be a metal oxide, an for soldering, welding or brazing inorganic metal or ammonium salt, or an oxy- wherein bonding heat results from the gen-containing organic salt and the resulting reaction of a composition of this or mixture must be capable of reacting to yield the indented subclasses. heat and reaction by-products. 428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Arti- cles, subclasses 546+ for stock mate- (1) Note. This and indented subclasses rial manufactured from particulate include patents to compositions which metal or a mixture of metal and non- have become known as “Thermite” or metal particles. “Thermite type” or compositions con- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; taining “Thermite” or similar mixtures Subcombinations Thereof; Processes as constituent material. See Class defini- of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or tion for description and also see the Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- Glossary. ous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) (2) Note. Included under the term “metal- or agents for such systems or making loid” are the elements: selenium, silicon or stabilizing such systems or agents, and tellurium. when produced by reactions other than by combustion or "Thermite- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- 44, Fuel and Related Compositions, sub- tems of continuous or semicontinuous classes 3.6+ for water-activated com- solid phase with discontinuous liquid positions which may be otherwise phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) similar to those contained herein. or agents for such systems or making 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, or stabilizing such systems or agents; Compositions for Use Therein, Con- in each instance, when generically solidated Metal Powder Composi- claimed or when there is no hierarchi-

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cally superior provision in the USPC or stabilizing such systems or agents; for the specifically claimed art. in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchi- 38 With nitrated organic compound: cally superior provision in the USPC This subclass is indented under subclass 37. for the specifically claimed art. Compositions containing, as an additional ingredient, a nitrated organic compound. 40 Plural oxygen yielding compounds: This subclass is indented under subclass 37. (1) Note. See “(1)” and “(2) Note” under Compositions which contains at least two oxy- the definition of subclass 47. gen yielding compounds.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: (1) Note. For the purpose of this and related 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; subclasses a mixture of like compounds Subcombinations Thereof; Processes which differ in say, degree of oxidation, of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or is not considered as being different oxy- Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- gen supplying compounds under the def- ous gas or vapor phase colloid system inition of this subclass (e.g., a mixture of (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 is regarded as one or agents for such systems or making compound). or stabilizing such systems or agents, when produced by reactions other SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: than by combustion or "Thermite- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes tems of continuous or semicontinuous of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or solid phase with discontinuous liquid Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) ous gas or vapor phase colloid system or agents for such systems or making (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or stabilizing such systems or agents; or agents for such systems or making in each instance, when generically or stabilizing such systems or agents, claimed or when there is no hierarchi- when produced by reactions other cally superior provision in the USPC than by combustion or "Thermite- for the specifically claimed art. type", subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous 39 Nitrated aromatic compound: solid phase with discontinuous liquid This subclass is indented under subclass 38. phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) Compositions wherein at least one of the or agents for such systems or making nitrated organic compounds is aromatic. or stabilizing such systems or agents; in each instance, when generically SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: claimed or when there is no hierarchi- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; cally superior provision in the USPC Subcombinations Thereof; Processes for the specifically claimed art. of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- 41 Inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt: ous gas or vapor phase colloid system This subclass is indented under subclass 40. (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) Compositions wherein at least one of the oxy- or agents for such systems or making gen yielding compounds is an inorganic salt or stabilizing such systems or agents, containing nitrogen and available oxygen. when produced by reactions other than by combustion or "Thermite- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; tems of continuous or semicontinuous Subcombinations Thereof; Processes solid phase with discontinuous liquid of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- or agents for such systems or making ous gas or vapor phase colloid system

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(e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or or agents for such systems or making Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- or stabilizing such systems or agents, ous gas or vapor phase colloid system when produced by reactions other (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) than by combustion or "Thermite- or agents for such systems or making type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- or stabilizing such systems or agents, tems of continuous or semicontinuous when produced by reactions other solid phase with discontinuous liquid than by combustion or "Thermite- phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- or agents for such systems or making tems of continuous or semicontinuous or stabilizing such systems or agents; solid phase with discontinuous liquid in each instance, when generically phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) claimed or when there is no hierarchi- or agents for such systems or making cally superior provision in the USPC or stabilizing such systems or agents; for the specifically claimed art. in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchi- 42 Inorganic oxygen-halogen salt: cally superior provision in the USPC This subclass is indented under subclass 37. for the specifically claimed art. Compositions which contain an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt. This compound serves as the 44 With an organic nonexplosive or organic only oxygen supplying material. nonthermic component: This subclass is indented under subclass 37. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Compositions which contain at least one 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; organic substance which, of itself, is not Subcombinations Thereof; Processes regarded as explosive or thermic substance of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or under the class definition, even though the sub- Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- stance may be combustible (fuel-like) or in ous gas or vapor phase colloid system some way aid, or modify the ballistic or other (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) property of the composition. or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: when produced by reactions other 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; than by combustion or "Thermite- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or tems of continuous or semicontinuous Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- solid phase with discontinuous liquid ous gas or vapor phase colloid system phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or making or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents; or stabilizing such systems or agents, in each instance, when generically when produced by reactions other claimed or when there is no hierarchi- than by combustion or "Thermite- cally superior provision in the USPC type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- for the specifically claimed art. tems of continuous or semicontinuous solid phase with discontinuous liquid 43 Inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt: phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) This subclass is indented under subclass 37. or agents for such systems or making Compositions which contain an inorganic salt or stabilizing such systems or agents; having nitrogen and available oxygen in its in each instance, when generically molecule. This compound serves as the only claimed or when there is no hierarchi- oxygen supplying material. cally superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes

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45 CONTAINING INORGANIC NITROGEN- 49 Nitrocellulose, 10 percent or over: OXYGEN SALT: This subclass is indented under subclass 47. This subclass is indented under the class defini- Compositions wherein at least one of the tion. Compositions containing a metal nitro- nitrated organic compounds is nitrocellulose, gen-oxygen salt including ammonium. and it is present in amounts of 10% or more of the total composition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- CLASS: 50 With other nitrated organic compound: 74, for compositions containing (1) nitro- This subclass is indented under subclass 49. gen oxides which are usually liquid Compositions which contain at least one addi- under normal conditions or (2) acids tional nitrated organic compound. of oxygen and nitrogen. 51 Nitroglycerine: 46 Ammonium nitrate: This subclass is indented under subclass 47. This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Compositions wherein at least one of the Compositions in which the inorganic nitrogen- nitrated organic compounds is nitroglycerine. oxygen salt is ammonium nitrate. 52 With other explosive or thermic compound: 47 With nitrated organic compound: This subclass is indented under subclass 51. This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Compositions containing at least one additional Compositions containing at least one nitrated explosive or thermic substance. organic compound. (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- (1) Note. As generally occurs in the nitration of subclass 4. tion of polyhydroxy compounds, the resulting product may be a mixture of SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- compounds of varying degrees of nitra- CLASS: tion. Accordingly, where appropriate in 38, for patents containing a metal or met- this class such terms as nitrocellulose, alloid as the “additional explosive or nitroglycerine, nitrotoluene, etc., include thermic substance”. not only such mixtures, but also where specified, compounds of a particular 53 Nitrated organic compound: degree of nitration, e.g., trinitroglycer- This subclass is indented under subclass 52. ine, dinitroglycerine, trinitrotoluene, Compositions which contain, as an additional 12.6% nitrocellulose, etc. explosive or thermic material, at least one other nitrated organic compound. (2) Note. For definition of the term “nitraded” see the class definition, Glos- 54 With vegetable matter component: sary. This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Compositions containing vegetable matter in SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- some form e.g., wood pulp, sawdust, grain, CLASS: fiber, etc., or their by-products but not includ- 88+, for compositions containing nitrated ing by-products in the form of chemical com- organic compounds in the absence of pounds or extracts such as oils, juices, etc. an inorganic explosive or thermic salt. (1) Note. The vegetable matter is generally 48 Nitrocellulose, under 10 percent: used in these compositions to serve as This subclass is indented under subclass 47. the adsorbent for the liquid portion of the Compositions wherein at least one of the explosive e.g., nitroglycerine. nitrated organic compounds is nitrocellulose included in amounts under 10% of the total composition.

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55 Nitrated aromatic compound: 60 With vegetable matter or resin or rubber: This subclass is indented under subclass 47. This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Compositions wherein at least one of the Compositions containing at least one substance nitrated organic compounds is aromatic. from the following groups: resin, either natural or synthetic, rubber and vegetable matter, the 56 With other explosive or thermic component: latter in some form e.g., wood pulp, sawdust, This subclass is indented under subclass 55. grain, fiber, etc., or their by-products not Compositions containing at least one additional including by-products in the form of chemical explosive or thermic substance. compounds or extracts such as oils, juices, etc.

(1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- tion of subclass 4. CLASS: 18+, for compositions containing ammo- SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- nium nitrate dispersed within a resin CLASS: or rubber matrix. 39, for patents containing a metal or metalloid as the “additional explosive or 61 Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate thermic substance”. salt: This subclass is indented under subclass 45. 57 With an organic nonexplosive or organic Compositions in which the inorganic nitrogen- nonthermic component: oxygen salt is an alkali metal nitrate or alkaline This subclass is indented under subclass 55. earth metal nitrate. Compositions which contain at least one organic substance which is of itself not 62 With nitrated organic compound: regarded as an explosive or thermic component This subclass is indented under subclass 61. for the purpose of this subclass even though the Compositions containing a nitrated organic substance may be combustible (fuel-like) or in compound. some way aid, effect, or modify the ballistic or other property of the composition. (1) Note. See “(1)” and “(2) Note” under the definition of subclass 47. 58 Nitrated starch or nitrated sugar: This subclass is indented under subclass 47. 63 Nitrocellulose: Compositions wherein at least one of the This subclass is indented under subclass 62. nitrated organic compounds is either a nitrated Compositions wherein at least one of the starch or nitrated sugar. nitrated organic compounds is nitrocellulose.

59 With other explosive or thermic component: (1) Note. For the scope of the term “nitro- This subclass is indented under subclass 58. cellulose” see “(1) Note” under the defi- Compositions containing at least one additional nition of subclass 47. explosive or thermic substance. 64 With other explosive or thermic component: (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- This subclass is indented under subclass 63. tion of subclass 4. Compositions containing at least one additional explosive or thermic component. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- CLASS: (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- 37, for patents containing a metal or met- tion of subclass 4. alloid as the additional explosive or thermic substance. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- CLASS: 38, for patents containing a metal or metalloid as the additional explosive or thermic substance.

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65 Nitroglycerine: 73 With an organic nonexplosive or organic This subclass is indented under subclass 64. nonthermic component: Compositions wherein at least one of the addi- This subclass is indented under subclass 72. tional explosive or thermic components is Compositions which contain at least one nitroglycerine. organic substance which, of itself, is not regarded as explosive or thermic substance (1) Note. See “(1) Note” under the defini- under the class definition, even though the sub- tion of subclass 4. stance may be combustible (fuel-like) or in some way aid or modify the ballistic or other 66 Nitroglycerine: property of the composition. This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Compositions wherein at least one of the 74 CONTAINING NITROGEN OXIDE OR nitrated organic compounds is nitroglycerine. ACID THEREOF: This subclass is indented under the class defini- 67 Nitrated aromatic compound: tion. Compositions containing as an oxygen This subclass is indented under subclass 62. supplying compound an oxide of nitrogen or an Compositions wherein at least one of the acid thereof. nitrated organic compounds is aromatic. 75 CONTAINING INORGANIC OXYGEN- 68 Nitrated phenol: HALOGEN SALT: This subclass is indented under subclass 67. This subclass is indented under the class defini- Compositions wherein the nitrated aromatic tion. Compositions containing at least one compound is a nitrated phenol, e.g., picric acid. inorganic salt containing both oxygen and halogen atoms within a radical, e.g., a chlorate 69 Nitrated toluene: or perchlorate compound. This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Compositions wherein the nitrated aromatic SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- compound is nitrotoluene. CLASS: 42, for “Thermite type” compositions (1) Note. For the scope of the term “nitro- containing an inorganic oxygen-halo- toluene” see “(1) Note” under the defini- gen salt as defined in this subclass. tion of subclass 47. 70+, for compositions containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate 70 With metal oxygen-halogen salt: salt and an inorganic oxygen-halogen This subclass is indented under subclass 61. salt of this subclass. Compositions which include also a metal oxygen-halogen salt, e.g., an inorganic chlorate or 76 Ammonium perchlorate: perchlorate. This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Compositions wherein at least one of the inor- 71 With carbon or sulfur: ganic oxygen-halogen salts is ammonium per- This subclass is indented under subclass 70. chlorate. Compositions containing carbon or sulfur. The carbon used is in one of its oxidizable forms, 77 Alkali metal oxygen-halogen salt: e.g., blacks, graphite, charcoal and coal. This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Compositions wherein at least one of the inor- 72 With carbon and sulfur: ganic oxygen-halogen salts is a salt of an alkali This subclass is indented under subclass 61. metal. Compositions containing carbon and sulfur. The carbon used is in one of its oxidizable 78 With nitrated organic compound: forms, e.g., blacks, graphite, charcoal and coal. This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Compositions which contain at least one nitrated organic compound.

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(1) Note. See “(1) Note” and “(2) Note” 80 Nitrated toluene or nitrated phenol: under the definition of subclass 47. This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Compositions wherein at least one of the SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: nitrated organic compounds is a nitrotoluene or 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; a nitrophenol. Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; ous gas or vapor phase colloid system Subcombinations Thereof; Processes (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or or agents for such systems or making Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- or stabilizing such systems or agents, ous gas or vapor phase colloid system when produced by reactions other (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) than by combustion or "Thermite- or agents for such systems or making type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- or stabilizing such systems or agents, tems of continuous or semicontinuous when produced by reactions other solid phase with discontinuous liquid than by combustion or "Thermite- phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- or agents for such systems or making tems of continuous or semicontinuous or stabilizing such systems or agents; solid phase with discontinuous liquid in each instance, when generically phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) claimed or when there is no hierarchi- or agents for such systems or making cally superior provision in the USPC or stabilizing such systems or agents; for the specifically claimed art. in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchi- 79 Nitrocellulose: cally superior provision in the USPC This subclass is indented under subclass 78. for the specifically claimed art. Compositions wherein at least one of the nitrated organic compounds is nitrocellulose. 81 With iodine or iodide: This subclass is indented under subclass 77. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Compositions containing iodine either free or 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; in the form of an iodide. Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or 82 With carbon or sulfur: Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- This subclass is indented under subclass 77. ous gas or vapor phase colloid system Compositions containing carbon or sulfur. The (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) carbon used is in one of its oxidizable forms, or agents for such systems or making e.g., blacks, graphite, charcoal and coal. or stabilizing such systems or agents, when produced by reactions other 83 With an organic nonexplosive or organic than by combustion or "Thermite- nonthermic component: type", subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- This subclass is indented under subclass 77. tems of continuous or semicontinuous Compositions containing at least one added solid phase with discontinuous liquid organic substance which, of itself, is not phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) regarded as explosive or thermic substance or agents for such systems or making under the class definition, even though the sub- or stabilizing such systems or agents; stance may be combustible (fuel-like) or in in each instance, when generically some way aid or modify the ballistic or other claimed or when there is no hierarchi- property of the composition. cally superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.

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84 Organic dye or coloring agent: (1) Note. For definition and scope of This subclass is indented under subclass 83. “nitrated” see “(1) Note” and “(2) Note” Compositions wherein the organic substance is under the definition of subclass 47. a dye or coloring agent. 89 Nitroparaffin: 85 With an inorganic nonexplosive or inorganic This subclass is indented under subclass 88. nonthermic component: Compositions wherein at least one of the This subclass is indented under subclass 83. nitrated organic compounds is a nitroparaffin, Compositions containing at least one inorganic e.g., a paraffin having at least one -NO2 radi- substance which, of itself, is not regarded as cal. explosive or thermic under the class definition, even though the substance may be combustible 90 Plural nitroparaffins: (fuel-like) or in some way aid or modify the This subclass is indented under subclass 89. ballistic or other property of the composition. Compositions containing at least two nitroparaffin compounds. 86 Cyanide compound or oxide of iron, chromium or manganese: 91 With additional nitrated organic compound: This subclass is indented under subclass 85. This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Compositions wherein at least one inorganic Compositions containing at least one additional substance is a cyanide compound, or one of the nitrated organic compound. oxides of iron, chromium and manganese. 92 Nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic 87 CONTAINING FREE METAL OR METAL amine: HYDRIDE WITH HYDROCARBON OR This subclass is indented under subclass 88. HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON: Compositions which contain nitrated amines This subclass is indented under the class defini- which by chemical structure are limited to tion. Compositions wherein the fuel compo- those which are straight chain, branched chain, nent contains metal or metalloid or a hydride of contain a non-aromatic ring, or a heterocyclic metal or metalloid with a hydrocarbon or a ring. halogenated hydrocarbon. (1) Note. An amine containing any aromatic (1) Note. Included under the term “metal- group in the molecule is excluded from loid” are the elements: selenium, silicon this subclass. and tellurium. (2) Note. For the definitions of “acyclic”, (2) Note. For definition of “fuel compo- “alicyclic”, “aromatic” and “heterocy- nent” see the class definition Glossary. clic”, see under “Definition of Terms Employed in This Class” in the class SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: definitions of Class 260. 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Con- SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- solidated Metal Powder Composi- CLASS: tions, and Loose Metal Particulate 105+, for compositions containing nitrated Mixtures, subclasses 252+ for a loose aromatic amines. metal particle composition containing nonmetal particles. 93 Nitrated pentaerythritol: This subclass is indented under subclass 88. 88 CONTAINING NITRATED ORGANIC Compositions wherein at least one of the COMPOUND: nitrated organic compounds is pentaerythritol. This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions including at least one nitrated organic compound.

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94 Nitrocellulose, under 10 percent: 102 With additional nitrated organic compound: This subclass is indented under subclass 88. This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Compositions wherein at least one of the Compositions containing at least one additional nitrated organic compounds is nitrocellulose in nitrated organic compound. amounts under 10% of the total composition. 103 Nitrated aromatic compound: 95 With nitroglycerine: This subclass is indented under subclass 102. This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Compositions wherein at least one of the addi- Compositions containing nitroglycerine. tional nitrated organic compounds is aromatic.

96 Nitrocellulose, 10 percent or over: 104 Nitrated glycol compound: This subclass is indented under subclass 88. This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Compositions wherein at least one of the Compositions in which the additional nitrated nitrated organic compounds is nitrocellulose in organic compound is a glycol. amounts of at least 10% of the total composition. 105 Nitrated aromatic compound: This subclass is indented under subclass 88. 97 With nitroglycerine: Compositions wherein at least one of the This subclass is indented under subclass 96. nitrated organic compounds is aromatic. Compositions containing nitroglycerine. 106 Plural nitrated aromatic compounds: 98 With organic nonexplosive or organic non- This subclass is indented under subclass 105. thermic component: Compositions containing at least two nitrated This subclass is indented under subclass 97. aromatic compounds. Compositions containing at least one organic substance which, of itself, is not regarded as an 107 One a nitrotoluene: explosive or thermic substance under the class This subclass is indented under subclass 106. definition, even though the substance may be Compositions wherein at least one of the combustible (fuel-like) or in some way aid or nitrated aromatic compounds is nitrotoluene. modify the ballistic or other property of the composition. 108 Nitrated starch or nitrated sugar: This subclass is indented under subclass 88. 99 With nitrated aromatic compound: Compositions wherein at least one of the This subclass is indented under subclass 96. nitrated organic compounds is a nitrated starch Compositions containing a nitrated aromatic or a nitrated sugar. compound. 108.2 CONTAINING FREE METAL OR FREE 100 With nonexplosive or nonthermic compo- CARBON: nent: This subclass is indented under the class defini- This subclass is indented under subclass 96. tion. Subject matter in which the composition Compositions containing a substance which, of contains free (elemental) metal or free (ele- itself, is not regarded as explosive or thermic mental) carbon. under the class definition even though the substance may be combustible (fuel-like) or in (1) Note. See section A, 2 (b) of the class some way aid or modify the ballistic or other definition. property of the composition. (2) Note. Patents classified in this class, 101 Nitroglycerine: subclasses 30, 37+ or 87 as originals or This subclass is indented under subclass 88. cross-references are not cross-referenced Compositions wherein at least one of the here except for claims or disclosure nitrated organic compounds is nitroglycerine. which go beyond subject matter proper for those subclasses.

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SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, 44, Fuel and Related Compositions, sub- Compositions for Use Therein, Con- classes 265+, for solidified liquid solidated Metal Powder Composi- fuels. tions, and Loose Metal Particulate 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Mixtures, subclasses 252+ for a loose Subcombinations Thereof; Processes mixture of metal and nonmetal parti- of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or cles. Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid 428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Arti- systems of continuous or semicontin- cles, subclasses 546+ for stock mate- uous solid phase with discontinuous rial manufactured from particulate liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- metal or a mixture of metal and non- ulates) or agents for such systems or metal particles. making or stabilizing such systems or agents, subclasses 113 for processes 108.4 FUME OR WASTE AFFECTING: of or compositions for or subcombina- This subclass is indented under the class definition compositions for the breaking of tion. Subject matter drawn to control of the or inhibiting of continuous or semi- smoke or gas (including coloring, minimizing, continuous solid phase colloid sys- etc.) produced by the use of an explosive or tems (e.g., gels, pastes); in each case, thermic composition or charge or to the control when generically claimed or when of liquid or solid wastes produced in such use. there is no hierarchically superior pro- The subject matter includes compositions as vision in the USPC for the specifically well as processes not elsewhere classifiable. claimed art.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 109.2 CONTAINING PARTICULAR FUEL AND 102, Ammunition and Explosives, sub- PARTICULAR OXIDIZER: classes 301+, for blasting methods This subclass is indented under the class defini- which include procedures for fume or tion. Subject matter comprising compositions waste control which are not dependent having a particular fuel component and a parti- upon the composition of the explo- cle oxidizer component, neither of which is sive. provided for above. 134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate subclasses, for (1) Note. This subclass also serves as a col- procedures for removing explosive lection place for gas generation methods residues from containers therefor. and propulsion methods drawn to the use 431, Combustion, subclass 126, for appa- of a particular fuel with a particular oxi- ratus of that class having a flame-col- dizer, neither of which is provided for oring additive. above.

108.6 IGNITING COMPOSITIONS: SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- This subclass is indented under the class defini- CLASS: tion. Subject matter specialized for use in initi- 109.4, for fuel compositions of this class not ating an explosive or thermic reaction, such as provided for above, and also for frictionally or electrically activated blasting monopropellant compounds. agents, fuses, etc. 119, for a collection of compounds usable as oxidizers with a plurality of fuels, 108.8 STABILITY OR VISCOSITY AFFECT- and not provided for above. ING: 120+, for a collection of high energy fuel This subclass is indented under the class defini- compounds usable with a plurality of tion. Subject matter containing a gelling, oxidizers, and not provided for above. thickening, thinning, liquifying, etc., agent, a stabilizer or unstabilizer (activator), a burning rate modifier, etc.

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SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 252, Compositions, subclasses 186.1+, for 264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shap- oxidizer compositions. ing or Treating: Processes, subclass 3 for methods of shaping explosive arti- 109.4 MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITIONS: cles. This subclass is indented under the class defini- 427, Coating Processes, appropriate sub- tion. Compositions not provided for above. classes, for coating processes, This subclass also serves as a collection place whether applied to explosive or other for monopropellanet compounds, that is, com- materials. pounds which, in themselves, have explosive, gas-generating or propulsion properties with- CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS out admixture with another fuel or oxidizing agent component. The following subclasses represent at least a substantial collection of patents found elsewhere in the classifica- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: tion of this class but merit isolation for search aid pur- 260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, its poses. daughter Classes 530-570, and Class 585, Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Com- 110 PARTICLE SIZE OF A COMPONENT: pounds, appropriate subclasses, for Compositions or processes as provided for in organic compounds, per se, and this class wherein there is either recited or dis- admixtures of such compounds with closed a reference to a particular size or dimen- agents designed to improve the stabil- sion of the particles of at least one of the ity or other properties of said com- ingredients or the size or dimension of all or pounds, said admixture not being part of the composition in particulate form. restricted to an improvement in the explosive or related properties of the SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: compound. 428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Arti- 423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, cles, subclasses 323+ for a plural subclasses 265+ for an inorganic com- layer web or sheet in which one compound admixed with an agent ponent embodies structurally defined designed to improve the stability or particles (e.g., size, shape, arrange- other properties of said compound, ment), and subclasses 402+ for a said admixture not being restricted to structurally defined particle, or mass an improvement in the explosive or thereof. related properties of the compound. 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes 109.6 PROCESSES OF MAKING: of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or This subclass is indented under the class defini- Inhibiting, subclasses 9+ for colloid tion. Processes which are generic to the prepa- systems of continuous liquid phase ration of compositions of this class, that is, are (e.g., suspensions, emulsions, disper- suitable for the manufacture of compositions sions), subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- classifiable in more than one subclass of this tems of continuous or semicontinuous class, and not otherwise provided for. solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates), SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- or agents for such systems or making CLASS: or stabilizing such systems or agents; 19.92+, for processes, e.g., polymerization, in each case, when generically for making compositions of this class claimed or when there is no hierarchi- (149) which involve synthetic resins. cally superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.

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111 Nitrated organic compound: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: This subclass is indented under subclass 110. 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Compositions or processes in which the com- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes ponent defined as having particular particle of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or size is a nitrated organic compound. Inhibiting, subclasses 9+ for colloid systems of continuous liquid phase SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: (e.g., suspensions, emulsions, disper- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; sions), subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes tems of continuous or semicontinuous of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or solid phase with discontinuous liquid Inhibiting, subclasses 9+ for colloid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagu- systems of continuous liquid phase lates); or agents for such systems or (e.g., suspensions, emulsions, disper- making or stabilizing such systems or sions), subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- agents; in each case, when generically tems of continuous or semicontinuous claimed or when there is no hierarchi- solid phase with discontinuous liquid cally superior provision in the USPC phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagu- for the specifically claimed art. lates); or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or 114 Inorganic fuel: agents; in each case, when generically This subclass is indented under subclass 110. claimed or when there is no hierarchi- Compositions or processes in which the ingre- cally superior provision in the USPC dient which is of a specific particle size is an for the specifically claimed art. inorganic fuel.

112 Inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt: (1) Note. For definition of “fuel” as gener- This subclass is indented under subclass 110. ally contemplated for this subclass see Compositions or processes in which the com- the class definition Glossary. ponent defined as having a particular particle size is an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Compositions for Use Therein, Con- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; solidated Metal Powder Composi- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes tions, and Loose Metal Particulate of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Mixtures, subclass .5 for the produc- Inhibiting, subclasses 9+ for colloid tion of metals in particulate form. systems of continuous liquid phase 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; (e.g., suspensions, emulsions, disper- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes sions), subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or tems of continuous or semicontinuous Inhibiting, subclasses 9+ for colloid solid phase with discontinuous liquid systems of continuous liquid phase phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagu- (e.g., suspensions, emulsions, disper- lates); or agents for such systems or sions), subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- making or stabilizing such systems or tems of continuous or semicontinuous agents; in each case, when generically solid phase with discontinuous liquid claimed or when there is no hierarchi- phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates), cally superior provision in the USPC or agents for such systems or making for the specifically claimed art. or stabilizing such systems or agents; in each case, when generically 113 Inorganic oxygen-halogen salt: claimed or when there is no hierarchi- This subclass is indented under subclass 110. cally superior provision in the USPC Compositions or processes in which the com- for the specifically claimed art. ponent defined as having a particular particle size is an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt.

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when generically claimed or when 115 Organic fuel: there is no hierarchically superior pro- This subclass is indented under subclass 110. vision in the USPC for the specifically Compositions or processes in which the ingre- claimed art. dient which is of a specific particle size is an organic fuel. 118 GEL CONTAINS RESIN: This subclass is indented under the class defini- (1) Note. For definition of “fuel” as gener- tion. Subject matter disclosing a composition ally contemplated for this subclass see containing a resin wherein the resin is dis- the class definition Glossary. solved in the continuous phase to form a gel.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 9+ for colloid Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous liquid phase systems of continuous or semicontin- (e.g., suspensions, emulsions, disper- uous solid phase with discontinuous sions), subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- tems of continuous or semicontinuous ulates) or agents for such systems or solid phase with discontinuous liquid making or stabilizing such systems or phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagu- agents, when generically claimed or lates); or agents for such systems or when there is no hierarchically supe- making or stabilizing such systems or rior provision in the USPC for the agents; in each case, when generically specifically claimed art. claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC 119 OXIDIZER COMPOUNDS: for the specifically claimed art. This subclass is indented under the class definition. Cross-reference collection drawn to com- 116 FLARE CONTAINS RESIN: pounds of use as oxidizing agents in composi- This subclass is indented under the class definitions of this class. tion. Subject matter disclosing a flare composition containing a resin. (1) Note. Where a patent is placed in a subclass of this class which provides for a 117 SMOKE OR WEATHER COMPOSITION liquified or named oxidizing agent, it is CONTAINS RESIN: not cross-referenced here except for a This subclass is indented under the class defini- disclosure of other oxidizers not pro- tion. Subject matter disclosing a smoke gener- vided for in the subclasses above. ating or weather modifying composition containing a resin. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 252, Compositions, subclasses 186.1+, for SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: mixtures which constitute an oxidiz- 239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif- ing agent. fusing, subclass 2 for a process caus- 260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, its ing changes in atmospheric condi- daughter Classes 530-570, and Class tions. 585, Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Com- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; pounds, appropriate subclasses, for Subcombinations Thereof; Processes organic compounds, per se, and of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or admixtures of such compounds with Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continu- agents designed to improve the stabil- ous gas or vapor phase colloid system ity or other properties of said com- (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) pounds, said admixture not being or agents for such systems or making restricted to an improvement in the or stabilizing such systems or agents,

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explosive or related properties of the detection of the composition prior to, or after compound. use or the source of supply or manufacturing. 423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, subclasses 265+, for an inorganic SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: compound admixed with an agent 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; designed to improve the stability or Subcombinations Thereof; Processes other properties of said compound, of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or said admixture not being restricted to Inhibiting, subclasses 9+ for colloid an improvement in the explosive or systems of continuous liquid phase related properties of the compound. (e.g., suspensions, emulsions, disper- sions), subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- 120 HIGH ENERGY FUEL COMPOUNDS: tems of continuous or semicontinuous This subclass is indented under the class defini- solid phase with discontinuous liquid tion. Cross-reference collection drawn to com- phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagu- pounds of use as a high energy fuel component lates); or agents for such systems or in a composition of this class. making or stabilizing such systems or agents; in each case, when generically SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: claimed or when there is no hierarchi- 260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, its cally superior provision in the USPC daughter Classes 530-570, and Class for the specifically claimed art. 585, Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Com- pounds, appropriate subclasses for 124 METHODS FOR RECLAIMING OR DIS- organic compounds, per se, and POSING OF ONE OR MORE MATERI- admixtures of such compounds with ALS IN A COMPOSITION: agents designed to improve the stabil- This subclass is indented under the class defini- ity or other properties of said com- tion. Subject matter wherein methods are dis- pounds, said admixture not being closed for reclaiming or modifying one or more restricted to an improvement in the components for reuse, or methods for dispos- explosive or related properties of the ing in a safe and/or nonpolluting manner, e.g., compound. compositions have aged, degraded, or other- 423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, wise proved hazardous to the environment. subclasses 265+ for an inorganic compound admixed with an agent (1) Note. The disposing of or destroying of designed to improve the stability or explosive hazardous or toxic waste is other properties of said compound, provided for elsewhere. See the Search said admixture not being restricted to Note below. an improvement in the explosive or related properties of the compound. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; 121 Containing B, P or S: Subcombinations Thereof; Processes This subclass is indented under subclass 120. of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Compounds which contain boron, phosphorus Inhibiting, subclasses 9+ for colloid or sulfur. systems of continuous liquid phase (e.g., suspensions, emulsions, disper- 122 Containing N, without B, P or S: sions), subclasses 98+ for colloid sys- This subclass is indented under subclass 121. tems of continuous or semicontinuous Compounds which contain nitrogen, without solid phase with discontinuous liquid boron, phosphorus or sulfur. phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates); or agents for such systems or 123 TAGGED COMPOSITIONS FOR IDENTI- making or stabilizing such systems or FYING PURPOSES: agents; in each case, when generically This subclass is indented under the class defini- claimed or when there is no hierarchi- tion. Subject matter wherein the composition cally superior provision in the USPC contains a material whose presence permits the for the specifically claimed art.

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588, Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruc- tion or Containment, subclasses 300 through 321 for processes to make chemical substances harmless by effecting a chemical change in the substance, and subclass 403 for the destruction of explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnics.

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December 2004 Edition