Winter 2011 Volume 2, Issue 2

JHVI Johns Hopkins Initiative Newsletter Vaccine Day 2011: Anne Schuchat Winter 2011 On October 7th, 2011, the Johns Hopkins Following the keynote, an expert panel The Johns Hopkins Vaccine Vaccine Initiative (JHVI) hosted the fourth moderated by Neal Halsey, M.D. discussed Initiative promotes collaborative annual Vaccine Day at the Johns Hopkins issues surrounding vaccine research and and interdisciplinary vaccine Bloomberg School of Public Health. JHVI was implementation. research, education, and pleased to host Dr. Anne Schuchat, MD implementation efforts to The guest panel included former students: (RADM, USPHS), Assistant Surgeon General, improve health worldwide. United States Public Health Service, Director, Anne Bailowitz, MD, MPH National Center for and Respi- Assistant Commissioner, Clinical Services ratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control Baltimore City Health Department and Prevention. Angelia Eick-Cost, PhD, ScM Vaccine Day began at 12:00pm in Sommer Special Studies Lead Armed Forces Hall with welcome by Ruth Karron, M.D., Health Surveillance Center Director of the Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initia- T. Christopher Mast, PhD, MSc tive and an introduction by the Dean of the Director and Infectious Disease Area Inside this issue: School of Public Health, Michael Klag, MD, Lead Department of MPH. Merck Research Laboratories Vaccine Day 2012 1-3

Dr. Schuchat's keynote address was titled Daniel Salmon, MPH, PhD WHO Collaborating Center 4 "Magic bullets and smoking guns, flying Director, Vaccine Safety, National Announced at JHSPH pigs and sitting ducks: What can we learn Vaccine Program Office, Office of Public 50th Anniversary Vaccine from the past for the new Decade of 4 Health and Science, US DHHS Seminar ?" Following the presentation and panel discus- Dr. Black Receives Award 5 sion, Vaccine Day moved to Feinstone Hall World Pneumonia Day for the faculty, staff and student poster 5-6 Activities at JHSPH session and reception. 34 posters were Dr. O’Brien Receives submitted for Vaccine Day 2011 showcasing 6 work from four departments, including 18 Presidential Award student posters. The posters highlighted the JHVI VIEW Scholars 7 breadth of vaccine research being conducted Internships Available at the School, and described pre-clinical JHMRI Malaria Anniversary 7 studies, phase I and II clinical trials, cost and Symposium effectiveness studies, policy analysis, and Recent Research implementation studies. Thirteen posters 8-9 submitted were eligible for the student Announcements poster contest. JHVI Faculty Selected 9-11 Publications Anne Schuchat, MD (Continued on page 2) Assistant Surgeon General, United States Public Health Service Director, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Page 2 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative Volume 2, Issue 2

Vaccine Day 2011 Poster and Photo Contest Winners Prizes were awarded for the three most outstanding student posters: First Place: Barbara Badman (right) "Investigating the Genotypic Distribution of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus among Women in Northern Tanzania in an Effort to Determine Vaccine Efficacy" Second Place: Cailin Deal "The role of the Influenza A Virus M2 protein extracel- lular domain in virus replication and on the induction of broadly protective anti- bodies" Third Place: Kyla Hayford "Validating coverage estimates using an oral fluid biomarker: Preliminary findings from a population-based study in rural Bangladesh" Please see here for a list of all abstracts submitted. 2011 Vaccine Day Photo Contest Photos submitted in advance of the Decade of Vaccines photo contest were judged by JHSPH faculty for best illustrating the impact of vaccines on public health. Second Place: Laveta Stewart (below) NNIPS field staff members volunteered in large numbers to receive their influenza immunization.

First Place: Kyla Hayford (above) For an immunization campaign day in Bangladesh, this volunteer loads his bike with coolers full of measles and vaccines and delivers them to each community.

Third Place: Andrea Feller (left) In the Matlab research area of ICDDR,B, the Community Health Research Worker (CHRW) holds fixed-site clinics in her house where she administers EPI vac- cines. In this photo the CHRW is preparing to administer the vaccines to an infant. Educational posters can be seen hanging on the walls. Page 3 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative Vaccine Day 2011 Photos Page 4 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative Volume 2, Issue 2 WHO Collaborating Center for Vaccine Epidemiology and Evaluation at JHSPH The World Health Organization has established a Collaborating Center for Vaccine Epidemiology and Evaluation at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health. Faculty, students and staff of the Bloomberg School of Public Health will work with colleagues in the Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals at WHO and with colleagues at PAHO on the following activities: The Collaboration intends to: 1. Support, collaborate on, or conduct systematic analysis of vaccine-related scientific evidence; 2. Provide technical assistance and support training on the design, conduct and analyses of vaccine trials and evaluation in the pre- and post-licensure phases; 3. Support, collaborate on, conduct, and/or provide training to conduct epide- miological studies to develop and improve strategies for optimal safety and effectiveness of vaccines, with an emphasis on measles and dengue viruses. 4. Build capacity for vaccine research in resource-poor settings, through train- ing in areas such as systematic literature review and/or good clinical practice (GCP).

“In addition to ongoing projects related to safety assessments for dengue virus vaccines and assess- ment of coverage with , we will be working on additional projects related to global coverage with influenza vaccines.” For more information, see the JHVI website. -Dr. Ruth Karron Director, Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative (JHVI)

JHSPH Department of International Health 50th Anniversary Seminar The Institute for Vaccine Safety, the Center for Immunization Research and GDEC sponsored a 50th Anniversary seminar on November 9th, 2011 with Gareth Williams, Chair of the Jenner Trust, Dr. Jenner’s House and Professor, University of Bristol. The seminar, during the Special Topics in Vaccine Science Seminar, was in support of research Dr. Williams has completed on and the development of the , described in his Angel of Death: the Story of Smallpox, shortlisted for the Wellcome Book Prize 2010 (all proceeds to Dr. Jenner’s House). Dr. Williams described the develop- ment of the smallpox vaccine and linked the anti-vaccine movement through history to the current anti-vaccine movement in America and the UK. Dr. Jenner (right) with JHSPH faculty, students and Dean Sommer.

A video of the seminar is hosted on the Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative website here. Page 5 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative Robert E. Black Received Prince Mahidol Award Robert E. Black, MD, MPH, is a recipient of the Prince “The Prince Mahidol Award is a tremendous honor and Mahidol Award in the field of Public Health, which well-deserved recognition of Bob Black's contributions recognizes “outstanding contribution in the field of pub- and commitment to improve the lives of children world- lic health for the sake of the well-being of the peoples.” wide,” said Michael J. Klag, MD, MPH, dean of the Johns Black, who is chair and Edgar Berman Professor in Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. International Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Black’s research interests include field trials of vaccines, School of Public Health, is being recognized for his out- micronutrients and nutritional interventions, effective- standing work on zinc supplementation. His studies in ness studies of health programs, such as the Integrated Bangladesh, India, Peru and Zanzibar demonstrated that Management of Childhood Illness approach, and evalua- daily zinc supplementation significantly reduced the tion of preventive and curative health service programs severity of diarrhea and pneumonia. in low- and middle-income countries. He currently has Throughout his career, active projects in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India, Peru, Black has focused his Uganda and Zanzibar. He focuses on using evidence in research and activities on policy and programs, including estimates of burden of reducing the unnecessary disease, the development of research capacity and the deaths of children world- strengthening of public health training. wide from infectious Trained in internal medicine, preventive medicine, diseases and malnutri- infectious diseases and epidemiology, Black has served tion. Black shares this as a medical epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease year’s award with Ananda Control and Prevention and worked at institutions in S. Prasad of Wayne State Bangladesh and Peru on research related to childhood University and Kenneth H. infectious diseases and nutritional problems. As a mem- Brown of the University ber of the U.S. Institute of Medicine and advisory bodies of California at Davis. of the World Health Organization, the International The $50,000 prize will be conferred on the recipients by Vaccine Institute, and other international organizations, His Majesty the King of Thailand Bhumibol Adulyadej, at he assists with the development of policies intended to a ceremony in Bangkok on January 26, 2011. improve child health. The Prince Mahidol Award was established in honor of Alfred Sommer, MD, MHS, professor and dean emeritus the late Prince Mahidol of Songka, the Royal Father of of the Bloomberg School, received the Prince Mahidol His Majesty the King of Thailand. Prince Mahidol mod- Award in 1997 for his vitamin A discoveries. ernized medical services and education in Thailand and Reprinted from the JHSPH Public Health News Center is known to the country as the “Father of Modern Medicine and Public Health.”

World Pneumonia Day, November 12, 2011 November 12th marked the third annual celebration of World Pneumonia Day (WPD). Pneumonia is the world’s leading killer of children under five. It takes the life of one child every 20 seconds – that’s more than AIDS, measles and malaria combined. WPD puts a spotlight on the problem of childhood pneumonia for the world’s stage. In just three years, WPD has truly become a global phenomenon with dozens of events occurring in over 20 countries this year. International Vaccine Access Center (IVAC) supported the efforts of the Global Coalition against Child Pneumonia and helped to lead a successful digital campaign, which resulted in the production of fantastic resources like the WPD video and infographic.

(Continued on page 6) Page 6 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative Volume 2, Issue 2

World Pneumonia Day (continued)

IVAC also coordinated the 2011 Small Grants for World Epidemiology, Dr. Daniel Feikin, M.D. appeared on an Pneumonia Day Advocacy Program which, through part- ABC News segment with Dr. Richard Besser and contrib- nerships with the GAVI Alliance, the Best Shot Founda- uted a blog about the impact pneumococcal conjugate tion and the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, vaccine (PCV) introduction in Kenya, where he had provided support for passionate advocates to hold worked previously. events on WPD where childhood pneumonia has the Lois Privor-Dumm, IVAC’s greatest impact. Director of Alliances and Just prior to WPD, IVAC published the 2011 Pneumonia Information, wrote a blog Progress Report. The annual report examines data on for Disruptive Women in several key pneumonia interventions – including exclu- Health Care about the sive breastfeeding, access to a health care facility, antibi- creativity of WPD events otic treatment and vaccination against pneumonia’s four and outreach. Executive leading causes – in the 15 countries that account for Director of IVAC, Dr. Orin three-fourths of all child pneumonia deaths. Levine debunked the Top 5 Pneumonia Myths in a An animated version of the Progress Report can be Huffington Post blog and viewed here. contributed to a PBS News IVAC faculty and staff were also vital in spreading aware- Hour report by Ray Suarez, ness about childhood pneumonia on and around World which provided an update Pneumonia Day through participation in blogger calls, on pneumonia prevention blog pieces and media interviews. Dr. Katherine O’Brien, in Nicaragua a year after M.D. contributed a blog about her own personal they rolled-out PCV, experience with pneumonia that was published on the through an interview. Coalition website and Results UK. IVAC’s Director of JHSPH Students/Pneumonia Fighters in front of Welch Library Katherine O’Brien Receives Receive Presidential Early Career Award October 14, 2011 at the Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC. Dr. Katherine O’Brien, M.D., M.P.H., was among 94 researchers honored by President Obama in October as they re- ceived the Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers, the highest honor bestowed by the United States government on science and engineering professionals in the early stages of their independent research careers. O’Brien is a pediatric infectious disease physician, an epidemi- ologist and a vaccinologist with the Bloomberg School’s departments of International Health and Epidemiology. She leads the Infectious Disease Prevention group in the School’s Center for American Indian Health, where she conducts clinical trials of vaccines for diseases of importance to American Indian tribes. She also serves as deputy director of the International Vaccine Access Center (IVAC). Her work domestically and internation- ally has focused on vaccine-preventable childhood illnesses From left to right: Francis Collins (NIH Director), Kathleen Sebelius including epidemiologic and vaccine studies of pneumococcal (Secretary of Department of Health and Human Services), Kathe- disease, , Haemophilus influenzae, respiratory rine O’Brien, and John Holdren (Assistant to the President, White syncytial virus and influenza. House Office of Science and Technology) Page 7 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative Vaccine Internship Experience at WHO (VIEW) Fall 2012 Internships in Geneva The Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative 2012-2013 Vaccine minimum of three terms of biostatistics and one term of Internship Experience at WHO (VIEW) internship descrip- epidemiology. tions and applications are now available. Applicants must anticipate enrollment as full time The VIEW Scholars Program is funded by the Johns students during their internships (the first and second Hopkins Vaccine Initiative. The objective of the VIEW quarters of the 2012-2013 academic year). Scholars Program is to allow JHSPH graduate students to JHVI and WHO will arrange internships on vaccine-related work with mentors in the Department of Immunization, topics of global importance that will provide opportunities Vaccines and Biologicals at the World Health Organization for students to apply skills acquired at JHSPH. However, it (WHO) to gain experience in vaccine research, policy, or is essential that WHO has the flexibility to adjust intern- programs of global importance. ships to respond to critical or emerging public health Specific projects will vary, but might include analytic work needs. Following the identification of VIEW Scholars, JHVI or specific assignments that contribute to the develop- and WHO will assign internships based on student interest ment of global immunization policy recommendations, the and experience and WHO programmatic needs. strengthening of national decision making processes for All applications and recommendations are due Friday immunization, vaccine delivery, financing, or safety January 27, 2012 at 5:00pm. Contact Amber Bickford Cox monitoring, or vaccine preventable disease surveillance. with questions [email protected] or [email protected] Three internships will be offered during the 2012-2013 academic year. VIEW Scholars will receive $7,500 to be used for travel, accommodation and expenses while in Geneva. The VIEW Scholars Program is restricted to full- time master’s and doctoral students in good standing enrolled at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. As this internship is intended to complement course work taken at the School of Public Health, all applicants are required to have completed at least one year of coursework by September 2012, including a Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute On November 16, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health hosted “The Forever War: Malaria versus The World,” a half-day symposium calling attention to the global burden imposed by malaria. The event, held at the New York Academy of Science in New York City, also marked the tenth anniversary of the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, a state-of-the-art research facility at the Bloomberg School of Public Health focused on a broad program of basic science research to treat and control malaria. Worldwide, malaria afflicts hundreds of millions of people. The symposium highlighted some of the groundbreaking research conducted by the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute and other scientists working to end malaria. Nobel Laureate Peter Agre, director of the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, moderated the presentation, which included dis- cussions of interventions in Macha, Zambia that have reduced malaria locally by 90 percent, the development of a genetically modified malaria-resistant mosquito, and understanding of genetics of the parasite that causes malaria. The Honorable Michael Bloomberg provided the symposium’s opening ad- Michael J. Klag, (far left), joins Diane E. Griffin, the dress. Jeffrey D. Sachs, director of the Earth Institute and professor at Colum- Honorable Michael Bloomberg, Peter C. Agre and Alfred Sommer for the symposium. bia University, provided the closing keynote address. Michael J. Klag, dean of the Bloomberg School, and Ellis Rubinstein, head of the New York Academy, also delivered remarks. More info at JHMRI. Page 8 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative Volume 2, Issue 2 Researchers Develop Method to Better Estimate Vaccine Coverage

Immunizations are a valuable tool for controlling infectious method was applied using demographic health survey and diseases among populations both in the U.S. and globally. administrative coverage data reported to the WHO from Routine and supplemental immunization measles in Ghana, Madagascar and Sierra activities, such as immunization campaigns, are designed Leone. They found estimates of routine supplemental im- to provide immunization coverage to entire populations. munization activities coverage are substantially lower than Current measurements used to determine the success and administrative estimates for Madagascar and Sierra Leone, rates of immunization can be flawed and inconsistent. Ac- and only slightly lower for Ghana. In addition, their esti- cording to a new study led by researchers from the Johns mates of routine coverage are, in general, lower than Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, estimates of WHO and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) esti- vaccination coverage can be significantly improved by mates. combining administrative data with survey data. The re- “This method not only attempts to correct coverage esti- sults are featured in the Oct 2011 issue of PLoS Medicine. mates, but also distinguishes between issues of overall “Reliable estimates of vaccination coverage are key to coverage and vaccine within activity inefficiencies. For our managing population immunization status,” said Justin technique to be useful, countries must have cross- Lessler, lead author of the study and an assistant professor sectional data on vaccine coverage for children across a with the Bloomberg School’s Department of Epidemiology. range of ages, some of an age where they have been ex- “Currently, the performance of routine and supplemental posed to multiple vaccination activities,” said Derek Cum- immunization activities is measured by the administrative mings. method, which leads to coverage estimates that are often “Estimates of the inefficiency of past vaccination activities inconsistent with the proportion reporting vaccination in and the proportion not covered by any activity allow us to cross-sectional surveys. Furthermore, administrative cov- more accurately predict the results of future activities and erage does not tell you how many people are systemati- provide insight into the ways in which vaccination pro- cally missed by vaccination activities. We estimated that grams are failing to meet their goals,” adds Lessler. the size of the population never reached by any activity was high in Sierra Leone and Madagascar, 31 percent and “Measuring the Performance of Vaccination Programs Us- 21percent respectively. But it was much lower in Ghana, ing Cross-Sectional Surveys: A Likelihood Framework and only 7 percent. ” Retrospective Analysis” was written by Justin Lessler, C. Jessica E. Metcalf, Rebecca F. Grais, Francisco J. Luquero, The widely used administrative method divides the num- Derek A. T. Cummings and Bryan T. Grenfell. ber of doses distributed by the size of the target popula- tion. Lessler, along with colleagues from Johns Hopkins, This research was supported by grants from the Vaccine University of Oxford, Epicentre, and Princeton University Modeling Initiative of the Bill and Melinda Gates Founda- developed a method for estimating the effective coverage tion, the Department for Homeland Security, the NIH, the of vaccination programs using cross-sectional surveys of Burroughs Welcome Fund and the Royal Society. vaccine coverage combined with administrative data. The Reprinted from the JHSPH Public Health News Center

Center for Immunization Research, PATH and NIH Evaluate New The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Cen- transmission of malaria from mosquitoes to humans by ter for Immunization Research (CIR), the PATH Malaria preventing the malaria parasite from developing in the Vaccine Initiative (MVI) and the National Institute of Al- mosquito. While such vaccines do not directly protect an lergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) announced a new immunized individual from developing clinical malaria, by collaboration to evaluate a potential malaria vaccine preventing the spread of by the mosquito, they designed to prevent transmission of the disease from can reduce the chances that others in the community mosquitoes to humans. contract the disease. CIR, MVI and NIAID are currently working together to con- "The Pfs25 vaccine and other transmission-blocking vac- duct a Phase 1 in healthy adults to assess the cines are unique in their approach in that they target a key safety and immunogenicity of the protein Pfs25. Pfs25 is a transmission-blocking vaccine (TBV) that aims to block the (Continued on page 9) Page 9 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative (Continued from Page 8 Malaria Vaccine) stage in the grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. MVI’s malaria parasite's lifecycle rather than attempting to build mission is to accelerate the development of malaria vac- immunity to malaria in humans," said Kawsar Talaat, MD, cines and ensure their availability and accessibility in the clinical principal investigator and assistant scientist at the developing world. MVI’s vision is a world free from ma- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. "We'll laria. For more information, please visit http:// need many tools to bring malaria under control and an www.malariavaccine.org/. effective transmission-blocking vaccine could go a long About PATH: PATH is an international nonprofit organiza- way toward achieving that goal." tion that creates sustainable, culturally relevant solutions, Malaria kills nearly 800,000 people every year, most of enabling communities worldwide to break longstanding them children under the age of 5. Defending against the cycles of poor health. By collaborating with diverse public disease has been challenging because both the parasite and private sector partners, PATH helps provide appropri- and its mosquito host are highly adaptive and have sur- ate health technologies and vital strategies that change vived for millions of years. A TBV would work synergisti- the way people think and act. PATH’s work improves cally with other interventions such as drugs and insecti- global health and well-being. For more information, please cides since blocking transmission of the parasite would visit http://www.path.org/. reduce the pressure on these measures, thereby slowing About the Johns Hopkins Center for Immunization Research the development of resistance and thus extending their (CIR): CIR is a leader in vaccine evaluation and Good Clini- effectiveness. cal Practice (GCP) training. Established in 1985 by Dr. Mary "This is the first clinical trial using a transmission-blocking Lou Clements-Mann, CIR is one of the nation’s leading vac- approach supported by MVI," said Ashley Birkett, director cine research centers. CIR investigators primarily conduct of research and development at MVI. “It’s the first step in Phase I and II clinical trials of new vaccine candidates in what is typically a long process of evaluation. Nonetheless, the United States and in less-developed countries. we are excited by the potential of TBVs to significantly About the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Dis- limit the spread of malaria infection. Eradication of malaria eases (NIAID): NIAID conducts and supports research—at may be decades away, but we believe a successful TBV— NIH, throughout the United States, and worldwide—to used alongside safe and effective drugs, insecticides, study the causes of infectious and immune-mediated dis- bednets and possibly a malaria vaccine that protects the eases, and to develop better means of preventing, diag- individual against infection—is essential to achieving that nosing and treating these illnesses. News releases, fact goal.” sheets and other NIAID-related materials are available on About the PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI): MVI is a the NIAID website at http://www.niaid.nih.gov/. global program established at PATH through an initial

Selected Faculty Publications and Faculty in the News

BCG-mediated protection against Mycobacterium ulcerans infec- Comparison of LiST measles mortality model and WHO/IVB mea- tion in the mouse. sles model. Converse PJ, Almeida DV, Nuermberger EL, Grosset JH. Chen WJ. BMC Public Health. 2011 Apr 13;11 Suppl 3:S33. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Mar 15;5(3):e985. PMID: 21423646 PMID: 21501452

Scaling up diarrhea prevention and treatment interventions: a and diarrhea mortality: quantifying regional Lives Saved Tool analysis. variation in effect size. Fischer Walker CL, Friberg IK, Binkin N, Young M, Walker N, Fischer Walker CL, Black RE. BMC Public Health. 2011 Apr 13;11 Fontaine O, Weissman E, Gupta A, Black RE. PLoS Med. 2011 Suppl 3:S16. Review. PMID: 21501433 Mar;8(3):e1000428. Epub 2011 Mar 22. PMID: 21445330 Attitudes and beliefs of parents concerned about vaccines: im- An open label Phase I trial of a live attenuated H6N1 influenza pact of timing of immunization information. virus vaccine in healthy adults. Vannice KS, Salmon DA, Shui I, Omer SB, Kissner J, Edwards KM, Talaat KR, Karron RA, Luke CJ, Thumar B, McMahon BA, Chen GL, Sparks R, Dekker CL, Klein NP, Gust DA. Lamirande EW, Jin H, Coelingh KL, Kemble G, Subbarao K. Pediatrics. 2011 May;127 Suppl 1:S120-6. Epub 2011 Apr Vaccine. 2011 Apr 12;29(17):3144-8. Epub 2011 Mar 4. PMID: 18.PMID: 21502250 21377509

Page 10 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative

Selected Faculty Publications and Faculty in the News

Immunization-safety monitoring systems Smallpox virus destruction and the impli- for the 2009 H1N1 monovalent influenza cations of a new vaccine. vaccination program. Henderson DA. Salmon DA, Akhtar A, Mergler MJ, Vannice Biosecur Bioterror. 2011 Jun;9(2):163-8. KS, Izurieta H, Ball R, Lee GM, Vellozzi C, Epub 2011 Mar 16. PMID: 21410355 Garman P, Cunningham F, Gellin B, Koh H, Lurie N; H1N1 Working Group of Federal Estimated economic benefits during the To contact JHVI: Immunization Safety Task Force. 'decade of vaccines' include treatment Pediatrics. 2011 May;127 Suppl 1:S78-86. savings, gains in labor productivity. Amber Bickford Cox, MPH Epub 2011 Apr 18. Review. Stack ML, Ozawa S, Bishai DM, Mirelman PMID: 21502251 A, Tam Y, Niessen L, Walker DG, Levine Program Manager, JHVI OS. Health Aff (Millwood). 2011 Jun;30 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Understanding the role of human varia- (6):1021-8. PMID: 21653952 Public Health tion in vaccine adverse events: the Clinical Hampton House Immunization Safety Assessment Net- During the 'decade of vaccines,' the lives 624 N. Broadway, Room 237 work. of 6.4 million children valued at $231 bil- LaRussa PS, Edwards KM, Dekker CL, Klein lion could be saved. Baltimore MD, 21205 NP, Halsey NA, Marchant C, Baxter R, Ozawa S, Stack ML, Bishai DM, Mirelman Engler RJ, Kissner J, Slade BA. A, Friberg IK, Niessen L, Walker DG, Levine email: [email protected] Pediatrics. 2011 May;127 Suppl 1:S65-73. OS. Health Aff (Millwood). 2011 Jun;30 phone: 410-287-4734 Epub 2011 Apr 18. PMID: 21502239 (6):1010-20. PMID: 21653951 fax: 410-502-6898

Immunization safety in US print media, Volunteer challenge with enterotoxigenic http://www.jhsph.edu/vaccineinitiative 1995-2005. Escherichia coli that express intestinal

Hussain H, Omer SB, Manganello JA, colonization factor fimbriae CS17 and Kromm EE, Carter TC, Kan L, Stokley S, CS19. Halsey NA, Salmon DA. McKenzie R, Porter CK, Cantrell JA, The epidemiologic evidence underlying Pediatrics. 2011 May;127 Suppl 1:S100-6. Denearing B, O'Dowd A, Grahek SL, Sin- recommendations for use of pneumococ- Epub 2011 Apr 18. PMID: 21502237 cock SA, Woods C, Sebeny P, Sack DA, cal polysaccharide vaccine among Ameri- Tribble DR, Bourgeois AL, Savarino SJ. can Indian and Alaska Native populations. Seroincidence of 2009 H1N1 infection in J Infect Dis. 2011 Jul 1;204(1):60-4.PMID: Said MA, O'Brien KL, Nuorti JP, Singleton HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women 21628659 R, Whitney CG, Hennessy TW. prior to vaccine availability. Vaccine. 2011 Jul 26;29(33):5355-62. Epub Althoff KN, Eichelberger M, Gange SJ, A call to action for the new decade of vac- 2011 Jun 12.PMID: 21664217 Sharp GB, Gao J, Glesby MJ, Young M, cines. Greenblatt RM, French AL, Villacres MC, Moxon ER, Das P, Greenwood B, Heymann The future of immunisation policy, imple- Minkoff H. AIDS. 2011 Jun 1;25(9):1229- DL, Horton R, Levine OS, Plotkin S, Nossal mentation, and financing. 32. PMID: 21505313 G. Lancet. 2011 Jul 23;378(9788):298-302. Levine OS, Bloom DE, Cherian T, de Epub 2011 Jun 12. PMID: 21664682 Quadros C, Sow S, Wecker J, Duclos P, Product development partnerships hit Greenwood B. their stride: lessons from developing a Biological feasibility of measles eradica- Lancet. 2011 Jul 30;378(9789):439-48. meningitis vaccine for Africa. tion. Epub 2011 Jun 12. PMID: 21664676 Bishai DM, Champion C, Steele ME, Moss WJ, Strebel P.J Infect Dis. 2011 Thompson L. Health Aff (Millwood). 2011 Jul;204 Suppl 1:S47-53. Review. PMID: Detection of G3P[3] and G3P[9] rotavirus Jun;30(6):1058-64. PMID: 21653957 21666201 strains in American Indian children with evidence of gene reassortment between A dynamic landscape for antibody binding Measles vaccination in HIV-infected chil- human and animal . modulates antibody-mediated neutraliza- dren: systematic review and meta-analysis Grant L, Esona M, Gentsch J, Watt J, Reid tion of West Nile virus. of safety and immunogenicity. R, Weatherholtz R, Santosham M, Dowd KA, Jost CA, Durbin AP, Whitehead Scott P, Moss WJ, Gilani Z, Low N. Parashar U, O'Brien K. SS, Pierson TC. PLoS Pathog. 2011 Jun;7 J Infect Dis. 2011 Jul;204 Suppl 1:S164-78. J Med Virol. 2011 Jul;83(7):1288-99. doi: (6):e1002111. Epub 2011 Jun 30. Review. PMID: 21666158 10.1002/jmv.22076. PMID: 21567432 PMID: 21738473 The cost-effectiveness of supplementary Development and clinical evaluation of Comparative evaluation of the antibody in immunization activities for measles: a sto- multiple investigational monovalent DENV lymphocyte supernatant (ALS) and en- chastic model for Uganda. vaccines to identify components for inclu- zyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays Bishai D, Johns B, Nair D, Nabyonga-Orem sion in a live attenuated tetravalent DENV for measuring mucosal immune responses J, Fiona-Makmot B, Simons E, Dabbagh A. vaccine. to Shigella antigens. J Infect Dis. 2011 Jul;204 Suppl 1:S107-15. Durbin AP, Kirkpatrick BD, Pierce KK, Feller AJ, McKenzie R, Taylor DN, Woods PMID: 21666151 Schmidt AC, Whitehead SS. CC, Grahek SL, Islam D, Venkatesan MM, Vaccine. 2011 Sep 23;29(42):7242-50. Hale TL, Bourgeois AL. Overview of the Clinical Consult Case Re- Epub 2011 Jul 21. PMID: 21781997 Vaccine. 2011 Nov 3;29(47):8487-9. Epub view of adverse events following immuni- 2011 Sep 20. PMID: 21939714 zation: Clinical Immunization Safety As- Next-generation dengue vaccines: novel sessment (CISA) network 2004-2009. strategies currently under development. Missed clinical opportunities: provider Williams SE, Klein NP, Halsey N, Dekker CL, Durbin AP, Whitehead SS. recommendations for HPV vaccination for Baxter RP, Marchant CD, LaRussa PS, Viruses. 2011 Oct;3(10):1800-14. Epub 11-12 year old girls are limited. Sparks RC, Tokars JI, Pahud BA, Aukes L, 2011 Sep 26. PMID: 22069516 Vadaparampil ST, Kahn JA, Salmon D, Lee Jakob K, Coronel S, Choi H, Slade BA, Ed- JH, Quinn GP, Roetzheim R, Bruder K, wards KM. Vaccine. 2011 Sep 16;29 The role of HPV in head and neck cancer Malo TL, Proveaux T, Zhao X, Halsey N, (40):6920-7. Epub 2011 Jul 27. and review of the HPV vaccine. Giuliano AR. Vaccine. 2011 Nov 3;29 PMID: 21801776 D'Souza G, Dempsey A. Prev Med. 2011 (47):8634-41. Epub 2011 Sep 14. Oct 1;53 Suppl 1:S5-S11.PMID: 21962471 PMID: 21924315 A single dose of the DENV-1 candidate vaccine rDEN1Δ30 is strongly immuno- Challenges to mapping the health risk of Survey of national immunization programs genic and induces resistance to a second virus infection. and vaccine coverage rates in Asia Pacific dose in a randomized trial. Mohd Hanafiah K, Jacobsen KH, Wiersma countries. Durbin AP, Whitehead SS, Shaffer D, El- ST. Int J Health Geogr. 2011 Oct 18;10:57. Lu CY; APECI members, Santosham M. wood D, Wanionek K, Thumar B, Blaney PMID: 22008459 Vaccine. 2011 Nov 7. PMID: 22075085 JE, Murphy BR, Schmidt AC. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Aug;5(8):e1267. The cDNA-derived investigational human Pneumococcal sequence type replace- Epub 2011 Aug 2. PMID: 21829748 parainfluenza virus type 3 vaccine rcp45 is ment among American Indian children: A well tolerated, infectious, and immuno- comparison of pre- and routine-PCV7 eras. 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Harro C, Chakraborty S, Feller A, DeNear- Scott JR, Millar EV, Lipsitch M, Moulton Navar-Boggan AM, Halsey NA, Escobar GJ, ing B, Cage A, Ram M, Lundgren A, Sven- LH, Weatherholtz R, Perilla MJ, Jackson Golden WC, Klein NP. nerholm AM, Bourgeois AL, Walker RI, DM, Beall B, Craig MJ, Reid R, Santosham J Perinatol. 2011 Aug 11. doi: 10.1038/ Sack DA. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011 M, O'Brien KL. jp.2011.111. PMID: 21836550 Oct;18(10):1719-27. Epub 2011 Aug 18. J Infect Dis. 2011 Nov 29. PMID: 22128315 PMID: 21852546 Progress in the development of human A Combination Vaccine Consisting of parainfluenza virus vaccines. Causality assessment of serious neurologic Three Live Attenuated Enterotoxigenic Schmidt AC, Schaap-Nutt A, Bartlett EJ, adverse events following 2009 H1N1 vac- Escherichia coli Strains Expressing a Range Schomacker H, Boonyaratanakornkit J, cination. of Colonization Factors and Heat-Labile Karron RA, Collins PL. 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