The Italian Dolomites

Festival Naturetrek Tour Report 20 - 27 June 2018

Alpenrose Amanda's Blue

Common Redpoll Rosengarten

Report by Jessica Turner Images by Luca Boscain

Naturetrek Mingledown Barn Wolf's Lane Chawton Alton Hampshire GU34 3HJ UK T: +44 (0)1962 733051 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk

Tour Report The Italian Dolomites

Tour participants: Jessica Turner, Paul Harmes & Luca Boscain (leaders) with 17 Naturetrek clients

Summary

The Dolomites are some of the finest mountains in Europe, where a complex mix of geology and habitat supports a great range of plants, birds, butterflies and moths amidst stunning scenery. This combines with the wonderfully warm hospitality of the Hotel Gran Mugon in the hamlet of Tamion to make an ideal location for a Naturetrek Wildlife Festival. The first week of the three-week Festival enjoyed generally fine weather and some beautiful displays of wildflowers, especially the orchids and high-altitude alpines. The cooler nights meant there were not so many butterflies and moths on the wing, but the Apollo at Predazzo and the hawk-moths attracted to light were particular pleasures, while White-winged Snowfinch, Alpine Chough and Crested Tit were popular birds. With the excellent, delicious cuisine and relaxing spa facilities provided at the hotel, and good company, everything contributed to a most enjoyable week, enjoying the very best of the Dolomites.

Day 1 Wednesday 20th June

Flight to Venice, onwards to Tamion All the group members met Jessica and Paul at London Gatwick Airport’s South Terminal for our flight to Venice. Those with window seats had some great views over France and the Alps en route, and Venice as we came into land. There was a chance for refreshments while the leaders sorted the vehicles, and we gathered in the short-term car park to load the minibuses.

Leaving the airport, we drove north across the plain, on the A27 towards Belluno, seeing a good number of Little Egrets on the gravels of the River Piave, and Crag Martins as we crossed the large bridge in Belluno. Kestrel, Hooded Crow, Barn Swallow and Wood Pigeon were also noted on the way. The mountain scenery became more impressive as we travelled, with some stunning afternoon light on the peaks. We stopped for a break and refreshments in Agordo town square, where we enjoyed coffee and ice cream, with Common Swifts screaming round the church. The final leg of our journey took us via Cencenighe, where we turned west to Falcade and started to climb over the Passo San Pellegrino, seeing a young Red Fox by the road and the flowery meadows and verges whetting our appetites for what was to come. We then dropped down into the Fassa Valley, driving north to Vigo di Fassa. We reached the little hamlet of Tamion and the Hotel Gran Mugon, our base for the week, where we received a warm welcome from Genio, Stefano and Katia. We were allocated our rooms and had an excellent meal, and Jessica outlined plans for the following day. We then retired for some welcome rest.

Day 2 Thursday 21st June

Tamion; Val di Monzoni The morning dawned bright and sunny so, after an excellent breakfast, we walked from the hotel to explore the meadows and woods round Tamion. Round the hotel one of the group saw a Red Squirrel. Before we set off, we spent some time looking at the Italian Sparrows and also noted a Large Skipper butterfly. We walked up past the tiny church into the hay meadows, which were still to be cut and full of flowers. We started to look at the local plants, which included the dark purple-blue Meadow Clary (Salvia pratensis), Dragonmouth (Horminum pyrenaicum) with its crinkled leaves and more tubular purple flowers, pink Mountain Sainfoin (Onobrychis montana), spiky, white Mountain Clover (Trifolium montanum) and yellow Hay Rattle (Rhinanthus minor agg.). We also found

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scheuchzer’s Bellflower (Campanula scheuchzeri), Slender Broomrape (Orobanche gracilis) with its shiny dark red interior to the flowers, German Gentian (Gentiana germanica), and the Alpine Rose (Rosa pendulina) with its spine- free stems. Good numbers of Fragrant Orchids (Gymnadenia conopsea agg.) were in full flower, as were the Round- headed Orchids (Traunsteinera globosa). Chimney Sweeper, a Rose-bordered Wave and Silver Y moths were on the wing, while Woodland Ringlet of the smaller hippomedusa form, Little, Common, Mazarine and Adonis Blues, Clouded Yellow and Red-underwing Skipper were among the butterflies. There were also many Garden Chafers. Meanwhile, the birders had good views of Western Bonelli’s Warbler, Crested Tit, and a distant Crossbill, and also saw a Common Redstart and heard a distant Black Woodpecker. There were good numbers of Fieldfares, which nest by the hotel, and Mistle Thrush.

The path entered a pine wood, with Spruce (Picea abies) and Larch (Larix decidua), where the underlying rocks were sandstone and the vegetation showed a corresponding change. Here the plants included Juniper (Juniperus communis), Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and Matted Globularia (Globularia cordifolia). Nutcrackers were calling loudly and one was briefly seen. Wood White, Heath Fritillary and a Red Admiral were near a cattle-drinking trough. As the path became more open again, we also found Alpine Gypsophila (Gypsophila repens), Mountain Milk-vetch (Oxytropis jacquinii) and, in damper flushes, Bird’s-eye Primrose (Primula farinosa), Common Butterwort (Pinguicula vulgaris), Tofield’s Asphodel (Tofieldia calyculata), and plenty of Common Spotted Orchids (Dactylorhiza fuchsii). As we followed the path along the hillside, we found several spikes of Fly Orchid (Ophrys insectifera), Dark Red Helleborine (Epipactis atrorubens) in bud, Short-spurred Fragrant Orchid (Gymndenia odoratissima) and, high on a bank, a distant Military Orchid (Orchis militaris). A beautifully fresh Painted Lady flew past. Eventually, we emerged into another meadow full of flowers, including more Fragrant Orchids, Bearded Bellflower (Campanula barbata), Eyebright (Euphrasia roskoviana), German Greenweed (Genista germanica), Ragged Robin (Silene flos-cuculi), Wood Forget-me-not (Myosotis sylvestris) and Green False-helleborine (Veratrum lobelianum).

Some of the group went on ahead, emerging onto another track which led to the road. We added to the list Coralroot Orchid (Corallorhiza trifida) and a beautiful Lesser Butterfly Orchid (Platanthera bifolia). We then walked along the road a short distance and found a large patch of Lady’s Slipper Orchids (Cypripedium calceolus), many of which were in perfect condition. We retraced our steps back to the hotel, with some having good views of Black Redstart. We enjoyed our picnic, including local, Val di Fassa cheeses and regional wine, in the partial shade of the hotel patio.

After a short break, we then gathered to visit the Val di Monzoni. We took the short drive to Pozzo di Fassa, turning up into the Val San Nicolo and then the Val di Monzoni where, having negotiated the steep and narrow road, we parked by the Malga di Monzoni (a Malga is a summer cheese-farm). Here, the rock is mainly granite and the conditions acidic, which is reflected in the flora. Along the track we found plenty of Alpenrose (Rhododendron ferrugineum) with beautiful pink flowers, the blue Alpine Clematis (Clematis alpina), Frog Orchid (Dactylorhiza viridis), Yellow Wood Violet (Viola biflora), Mountain Avens (Geum montanum), going-over Spring Pasqueflower (Anemone vernalis), Alpine Coltsfoot (Homogyne alpina) and Green Alder (Alnus viridis). We also found our first gentians: Trumpet Gentian (Gentiana acaulis). In more stony areas we found some beautiful patches of purple-and-orange Alpine Toadflax (Linaria alpina). Coal Tit, Chiffchaff and Blackcap were singing, and Nutcrackers were noisy but elusive. Mountain Green-veined White (also called Dark-veined White) butterflies were on the wing. Scanning the hillsides, we saw a distant Alpine Marmot, some goats, possibly feral but probably domesticated, silhouetted on the skyline and several Red Deer.

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The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

We would have loved to stay longer, but the cloud was building, and we heard the first rumbles of thunder, so we retraced our steps, gathering up those who had preferred to enjoy the lower slopes. We enjoyed refreshments at the Malga, seeing their cheese-making equipment and some sampling their products. Unfortunately, the rain caught up with us, but we were sheltered as we finished our drinks and, when it eased, we boarded the buses, driving down in more heavy rain; but it had not rained at all in Tamion. Some had chosen a relaxing afternoon at the hotel, and various folk sampled the hotel’s spa facilities. We later met to discuss the day and start our lists, before another delicious meal. Afterwards, we finished the lists, having had an excellent and very enjoyable first day in the field.

Day 3 Friday 22nd June

Passo Pordoi Today again dawned fine and sunny. After a delicious breakfast, we headed north up to the Passo Pordoi (2239 metres), via Canazei, cautiously negotiating the hairpin bends, cyclists and bikers. We parked in the main car park at the top of the pass, admiring the stunning scenery, before taking the footpath route 601 along the famous ‘Bindelweg’, mentioned by Farrer, the author, traveller, botanist and flower painter, in his 1913 book ‘The Dolomites’. House Martins flew around us, nesting under the eaves of the buildings, Alpine Chough were overhead, and Snowfinches were flying around and singing, presumably nesting nearby. On the gravel slope were a couple of clumps of mauve-flowered Round-leaved Pennycress (Thlaspi rotundifolium) and, higher up, bright pink Moss Campion (Silene acaulis). On the slopes were plenty of white Monte Baldo Anemones (Anemone baldensis) and Spring Gentians (Gentiana verna). The geology is rather complex, with this area being basically limestone rock, with areas of acid soil formed by drift and leaching. We found extensive patches of Mountain Avens (Dryas octopetala), plus Alpine Bartsia (Bartsia alpina), the striking magenta-coloured Alpine Sainfoin (Hedysarum hedysaroides subsp. exaltatum) and Spring Heath (Erica carnea), still flowering at this altitude. Dwarf Willows included Net-leaved Willow (Salix reticulata), Finely-toothed Willow (Salix breviserrata) and the rock- hugging Salix serpyllifolia. We found Trumpet Gentian (Gentiana acaulis) in more acid areas plus, on the calcareous rocks, Clusius’s Gentian (Gentiana clusii), a plant of limestone. Other plants included Matted Globularia (Globularia cordifolia), Shrubby Milkwort (Polygala chamaebuxus), Heart-leaved Leopard’s-bane (Doronicum columnae), and a tiny Erigeron, Erigeron neglecta.

Meanwhile, Marmots were calling from the boulder field below us, and several were seen, together with a Fox and a Roe Deer. A Black Redstart perched nearby. As we reached the shoulder, there were several more Snowfinches flying round and feeding nearby, and one was observed flying down to a hole in the cliff face above us. Those who walked further reported many more Marmots. The views in all directions were stunning, especially of the Marmolada Glacier. Near the shoulder were plenty of Yellow Alpine Pasqueflowers (Anemone alpina subsp. apiifolia), and several Long-flowered Primroses (Primula halleri), while further round, where snow had only recently melted, were Alpine Snowbells (Soldanella alpina). Butterflies included Mountain Green-veined White, Small Tortoiseshell, Little Blue and Clouded Yellow.

We retraced our steps, meeting those who had gone down earlier, and drove down below the pass to have our picnic in a meadow which we then explored. A Dunnock was singing from the top of an Arolla Pine (Pinus cembra). In an area of short turf, we found several Red Vanilla Orchids (Gymnadenia rubra), while Edelweiss (Leontopodium nivale subsp. alpinum) was growing on a boulder – most people were not overly impressed by this Alpine Cudweed! Elsewhere, we found beautiful, sweetly-scented Daphne striata, Bird’s-eye Primrose (Primula

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

farinosa), Yellow Pea (Lathyrus laevigatus) with lemon flowers and, in the stream, Marsh Marigold (Caltha palustris). The higher slopes were covered with Dwarf Mountain Pine (Pinus mugo). A large flock of about 35 Alpine Choughs flew low overhead and landed across the road.

We then drove back down the many hairpin bends, before turning off to climb through more twists and turns to the Passo Sella, at 2240 metres above sea level. We parked just over the pass and we again enjoyed the magnificent scenery with views across to Marmolada. It was very windy here, and quite chilly, so some headed for a hot drink. Along the path up to the top of the pass we found yellow Rhaetian Poppy (now lumped into Alpine Poppy Papaver alpinum), blue-violet Mountain Milk-vetch (Oxytropis jacquinii) and cream-coloured Yellow Milk-vetch (Oxytropis campestris). Those exploring below the car park found a dark-red Austrian Vanilla Orchid (Gymnadenia austriaca). We then returned to our hotel in Tamion, where we had another excellent dinner.

Day 4 Saturday 23rd June

Rosengarten We woke to another beautiful day. Our destination was the Rosengarten, behind the magnificent crags we could see from the hotel. Having made our own picnics, we drove the short distance into Vigo di Fassa to catch the Funivia, which took us up to the start of our walk at 2000 metres above sea level. We emerged into the stunning scenery of the Rosengarten with the dramatic peaks all around. Enjoying the flowery meadow here, with now familiar plants, we added Aristate Rattle (Rhinanthus aristatus). Our path led gently down towards the little village of Gardeccia. Scanning the distant slopes, we could just see three Chamois.

Our route went through woodland of Larch (Larix decidua), Spruce (Picea abies) and Arolla Pine (Pinus cembra), with the acid soil supporting plenty of Alpenrose (Rhododendron ferrugineum), and Cowberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) flowering amongst the leaves of Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi). We found fine displays of white Alpine Butterwort (Pinguicula alpina), the delicate Leafless-stemmed Speedwell (Veronica aphylla), a couple of beautiful Coralroot Orchids (Corallorhiza trifida), Herb-Paris (Paris quadrifolia), Round-leaved Saxifrage (Saxifraga rotundifolia) with tiny red ‘freckles’ on the petals, Dark-stemmed Sneezewort (Achillea atrata) and the little, white-flowered, Scree Saxifrage (Saxifraga androsacea). Amongst the shrubs were Blue-berried Honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea), with berries just forming, Alpine Willow (Salix hegetschweileri), and False Medlar (Sorbus chamaemespilus). Chiffchaff, Crested Tit, Coal Tit, Robin and Goldcrest were among the birds seen, and a Great Spotted Woodpecker nest hole was found, where a youngster looked out briefly. Young Coal Tits could be heard in a nest by the path, too.

The path crossed some grassy ski runs, where a few butterflies were on the wing, including Alpine Heath, Little and Mazarine Blues, and a ringlet-type that flew past. There were also good numbers of Mountain Green-veined Whites. A Roe Deer was seen in one of the open areas. On a rocky edge we found Rock Speedwell (Veronica fruticans) with its red ring in the centre of each flower, and a clump of Cowslips (Primula veris) were still in flower. Nutcrackers, the bird responsible for the spread of Arolla Pine, were calling all around and several were seen. As we got nearer to Gardeccia, the path opened out, with limestone boulders, many carpeted with beautiful Mountain Avens (Dryas octopetala). Hairy Alpenrose (Rhododendron hirsutum) replaced the Alpenrose (Rhododendron ferrugineum) but was not yet in flower. The complexity of the geology and soil was indicated by the presence of the two species of Rhododendron in such close proximity. Daphne striata was flowering well and smelt wonderful.

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The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

We eventually reached Gardeccia, where we enjoyed a morning coffee or a cold drink, sitting on a terrace and taking in the magnificent scenery of the Rosengarten.

After lunch, some of the group opted to remain around the village and some looked at the river gravels nearby with Paul, before gently making our way back to the Funivia. We had great views of Nutcracker, and plants included Clusius’ Gentian (Gentiana clusii), pale pink Dwarf Valerian (Valeriana supina), Alpine Toadflax (Linaria alpina), Alpine Sneezewort (Achillea oxyloba) and cushions of the lime-encrusted Blue Saxifrage (Saxifraga caesia) and Saxifraga squarrosa which were in bud.

The rest of us tackled the steeper, stony track, moving into an area of Dwarf Mountain Pine (Pinus mugo) and massive scattered limestone boulders, interspersed with areas of scree. Two Lesser Whitethroats and a pair of Willow Tits showed well in a pine. As well as the species seen on the river gravels, as the path climbed we found clumps of beautiful yellow Alpine (Rhaetian) Poppies (Papaver alpinum) on the screes. On boulders, Bluish Paederota (Veronica bonarota) was coming into flower, white Rock Valerian (Valeriana saxatilis) was in crevices, and we found a single flower of Pink Cinquefoil (Potentilla nitida) amongst its silvery leaves. One boulder held some Triglav Gentian (Gentiana terglouensis), with its very sculptural leaves and amazingly blue flowers. We spent some time amongst the flowery meadows, enjoying the ambience. Black Redstarts were around, and large flocks of Alpine Chough were circling over the Rifugio Preuss, which appeared to teeter on the edge of the cliff above us; Alison strode out to reach the top. As we returned, three Mouflon were spotted, grazing slopes just above the trees.

We all eventually retraced our steps, some returning to the hotel earlier and the rest of us gathering about 5pm near the Funivia. At the hotel as we enjoyed another delicious meal, we agreed that the area was extremely beautiful, and it had been a delightful walk.

Day 5 Sunday 24th June

Val San Nicolo It was another fine morning, although with a bit more cloud over some of the peaks initially. We had set a moth trap at the back of the hotel overnight and amongst the species recorded were Pine and Poplar Hawk-moths, Reddish Light Arches, Dark Brocade, Shears and Spectacle. Some were shown round to other group members. A Spotted Flycatcher was nesting nearby.

After breakfast we set off to drive to Pozza di Fassa, where we took the road to Val San Nicolo (its Italian name), also called Val de Sen Nicolo (its Ladin name). We drove up into the valley, the road bordered by a stream, rocks and conifer trees before reaching an open valley of hay meadows dotted with small wooden houses. Having parked, we found a beautiful clump of Lady’s Slipper Orchids (Cyprepedium calceolus) in perfect condition and glorious morning sunlight, and easier to reach than the earlier ones. We then started to walk up the road, enjoying the flower-filled verges and meadows and the peaks above. Some of the group walked on ahead with Luca, seeing and hearing Crested and Willow Tits, Lesser Whitethroat, Grey Wagtail, Dipper, a solitary Crag Martin against the crags, and more Nutcrackers. The highlight, though, was seeing eight Alpine Chamois in two groups, including a young one with its mother, on a far slope but giving good views. We also saw a Roe Deer and some Great Yellow Gentians (Gentiana lutea) which were going over. We walked up the road past the Rifugio

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Ciampie, before crossing the river and returning on a track through the woods. A Dipper flew across the path where it crossed a stream.

The others walked more slowly, looking at the plants and insects. Near the car park was Rock Redcurrant (Ribes petraeum) and Red-berried Elder (Sambucus racemosus). On the banks Betony-leaved Rampion (Phyteuma betonicifolium) was coming into flower, along with Alpine Heartsease (Viola tricolor subsp. alpina), and the meadows were awash with colour from Yellow Rattle (Rhinanthus minor agg.), Round-headed Rampion (Phyteuma orbiculare), Hoary Plantain (Plantago media), Scheuchzer’s Bellflower (Campanula scheuchzeri) and many other species. A beautiful Orange Lily was in perfect flower close to the road, inviting photographs. A Transparent Burnet moth, with large red patches on its wings, was resting on a Scabious and a turquoise Forester moth was found, and Tree Pipit was singing. Butterflies included Little and Mazarine Blues, Mountain Green-veined White, Woodland Ringlet, Painted Lady.

A smaller track led to areas of pasture where we found both Dark and Austrian Vanilla Orchids (Gymnadenia rhellicani and G. austriaca) and a couple of patches of delightful Garland Flower (Daphne cneorum). Near one of the chalets were several clumps of the tiny Snow Gentian, unfortunately still in bud, and Alpine Milk-vetch (Astragalus alpinus). In the pasture beyond were many more Vanilla Orchids, Small White Orchids (Pseudorchis albida), Lesser Butterfly Orchids (Platanthera bifolia), Frog Orchids (Dactylorhiza viridis) and Fragrant Orchids (Gymnadenia conopsea). Here were also good patches of Golden Hawk’s-beard, Mountain Everlasting (Antennaria dioica), Brown Clover (Trifolium badium) and more Garland Flower. Eventually, we tore ourselves away from all these treasures to continue to the Rifugio for a late-morning coffee, before retracing our steps down the valley.

We had our picnic in a grassy area near the car park, relaxing in the sun and exploring further along the river. Geranium Argus butterflies were on the Wood Crane’s-bill (Geranium sylvestris) and one was caught so we could see the diagnostic white streak on the underwing. Olive Skipper was also found, and Grey-headed Woodpecker heard. Two Dippers were seen, and a little further down was a stunning bank of Orange Lilies.

We returned to the hotel where some of the group watched the second half of the England-Panama World Cup match. Some went out later in the afternoon, returning to the upper meadow where we turned on the first morning. Among the species seen here were Giant Cat’s-ear (Hypochaeris uniflora) and Chequered Skipper butterfly. A stop on the way back gave Burnt Orchid (Neotinea ustulata) and Early Marsh Orchid (Dactylorhiza incarnata), and Common Buzzard and Eurasian Treecreeper were seen. This evening we enjoyed a meal of traditional local Ladin specialities. Later, a Glow-worm was found in a crevice of the wall up the road, and we were able to see its lighted segments clearly as well as the whole insect.

Day 6 Monday 26th June

Cimon della Pala, Predazzo Today, the weather was rather less settled. The overnight rain meant more cloud and we had a light shower as we set off. Our destination was the dramatic peak of Cimon della Pala, near the Passo Rolle (Rolle Pass). We drove south to the town of Predazzo, where we turned eastwards, passing Lake Paneveggio. Two Roe Deer were seen en route, but the mountain was in cloud. We stopped briefly for a break on the Rolle Pass (1972 metres above sea level), with a high, large flock of Alpine Choughs, and Melancholy Thistle (Cirsium heterophyllum). Just as we were leaving, the cloud cleared to reveal the sharp-pointed summit of Cimon, and the weather continued to clear.

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The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Over the Pass, we took a dusty track on up to the Baita Segantini at 2200 metres, to begin our walk. As we joined the track, as Ring Ouzel flew over and landed in a Larch, and a Kestrel took off with a prey item, maybe a vole, in its talons. The road banks were covered with flowers, including some fine Long-flowered Primrose (Primula halleri). Water Pipits were singing, and Alpine Choughs were all around.

Initially, we were walking over acid, sand-and-clay conglomerate, which was reflected in the flora. We soon found the beautiful Least Primrose (Primula minima), pink Dwarf Snowbell (Soldanella pusilla), Trailing Azalea (Kalmia procumbens), lots of both Spring and Trumpet Gentians (Gentiana verna and G. acaulis), magnificent clumps of pink Moss Campion (Silene acaulis), and both the flowers and the fluffy seed heads of Yellow Alpine Pasqueflowers (Anemone alpina subsp. apiifolia). We also found Monte Baldo Anemone (Anemone baldensis), dark- purple Alpine Bartsia (Bartsia alpina), and a spike of Spotted Gentian (Gentiana punctata), a tall plant with yellow flowers which bear many tiny purple spots, and Southern Butterwort (Pinguicula leptoceras). Looking north, we could see the white of distant snowy peaks in the sun. We then moved up into an area of loose rock and open ground where we found the white Seguier’s Buttercup (Ranunculus seguieri), with its very divided leaves, dotted across the bare ground. Moving along the edge, with a dramatic drop to the valley below, we found Mossy Cyphel (Minuartia sedoides), Roseroot (Sedum rosea), and two Erigerons: One-flowered and Neglected (Erigeron uniflora and E. neglecta). Northern Wheatear, Water Pipit and Black Redstart were around, and a Sparrowhawk flew over. Marmots were calling and were seen, and on the slopes below us were a group of Chamois with six adults and five youngsters, giving good views before the disappeared round a rocky outcrop.

Our ultimate aim was to reach an area of broken rocks and boulders below the looming cliffs of Cimon della Pala. Here, we soon found one of the specialities: King of the Alps (Eritrichium nanum) with several tiny clumps flowering well, with vivid sky-blue flowers (and later one clump was found with almost royal-blue ones). Other plants included Alpine Buttercup (Ranunculus alpestris) with white flowers but less divided, glossy leaves, Pink Lousewort (Pedicularis rosea), white Alpine Butterwort (Pinguicula alpina) and Least Snowbell (Soldanella minima), some with a pink flush to their tiny white flowers. By other boulders were Dwarf Alpenrose (Rhodothamnus chamaecistus), the mauve Pyrenean Whitlow-grass (Petrocallis pyrenaica) and the leaves of Chives (Allium schoenoprasum) but, sadly, the endemic Tyrolean Primrose (Primula tyrolensis) was over. Among other tiny delights were the rock-jasmine Androsace hausmannii, the endemic Dolomite Whitlow-grass (Draba dolomitica), and a white Rock-cress Arabis stellulata. Alpine Accentor was heard and seen well, together with another group of Chamois, and Dewy Ringlet was added to the butterfly list.

We slowly made our way back to the car park, finding flowering Spotted Gentian (Gentiana punctata). We had a late lunch and enjoyed drinks at the Baita, before taking the drive back to the Rolle Pass. En route back towards Tamion, a Red-backed Shrike was seen on a wire. We made a stop at a disused quarry just outside Predazzo. This warm and sunny spot hosts a different selection of plants and butterflies, among which we noted Alkanet (Anchusa officinalis), Spiked Bellflower (Campanula spicata), Wood Pink (Dianthus sylvestris), Annual Fleabane (Erigeron annuus), Small Yellow Foxglove (Digitalis lutea) and Crown Vetch (Securigera varia). Almost immediately we saw a magnificent Apollo butterfly that kept flying past us, and other butterflies included a female Large Blue, Little, Amanda’s and Mazarine Blues, Nickerl’s Fritillary, Brimstone, Ringlet and Large Skipper, plus a Nine- spotted moth. Dark Red Helleborine (Epipactis atrorubens) was in bud under the shade of trees, while on the rock face we could see the leaves of Stonecrops, which are the food plants of the Apollo butterfly. We then returned to the hotel for another excellent meal.

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Day 7 Tuesday 27th June

Val Venegia Our final day in the field dawned bright and sunny, although it had again been quite cold overnight. The moth trap had been run again, with species including Scalloped Hazel, Marbled Coronet, Plain Golden Y, Garden Carpet and Large Yellow Underwing being new.

After breakfast we made our own picnic lunches, and set out for the Val Venegia, taking the route of the previous morning. The Red-backed Shrike was again seen by some. We stopped for coffee at a bar in Paneveggio, where Serin was seen and adjacent woodland held Dark Rampion (Phyteuma ovatum) on the margin. Continuing on, instead of climbing the Passo Rolle, we took the Passo Valles road, turning off after a couple of kilometres into the valley which lies below Cimon della Pala. We drove along the edge of a fast-flowing stream, as the track climbed to the parking area, where we left the minibuses. As we walked, we enjoyed the sounds of all the cow-bells. A damp area held Broad-leaved Marsh Orchid and Alpine Broad-leaved Marsh Orchid (Dactylorhiza majalis and D. alpestris) and many intermediates; there were also Common Spotted Orchids (Dactylorhiza fuchsii) and hybrids with D. alpestris (D. x sooi), while Dark and Austrian Vanilla Orchids starred the drier slopes. Field Mouse-ear (Cerastium arvense) and Alpine (Rhaetian) Poppy (Papaver alpinum) were flowering on the river gravels, together with a single flower of Yellow Mountain Saxifrage (Saxifraga aizoides).

We walked up the path at our own speeds, with some stopping at the Malga Vengiota for refreshments. As it was quite busy, some of the group carried on, where the path became quieter. Under the conifers we found a patch of the tiny orchid Lesser Twayblade (Neottia cordata), and many spikes of Common Wintergreen (Pyrola minor), mainly still in bud. Many of us met up for our picnics, seeing Chiffchaff and Dewy Ringlet butterfly as we ate. We then crossed an area of scree, where there was a small clump of Saxifraga sedoides, to an upland meadow dotted with very large, well-vegetated rocks, some bearing trees, and a wonderfully clear stream flowing through it. We spent some time exploring and enjoying this beautiful area. Birds included Dipper and Grey Wagtail on the stream, Coal Tit, Lesser Whitethroat and excellent views of Lesser (Common) Redpoll, while we added Black-veined White, Shepherd’s Fritillary and another Alpine Heath to the butterfly list, plus the beautiful Yellow-banded moth. In a very shady crevice Tyrolean Primrose (Primula tyrolensis) held a couple of dying flowers, but we found some beautiful Bear’s-ear Primrose (Primula auricula) and Dwarf Alpenrose (Rhodothamnus chamaecistus). Other plants included Alpine Fleabane (Erigeron alpinus), Elongated, Rock and Dwarf Valerians (Valeriana elongata, V. saxatilis and V. supina), and the Pink Cinquefoil (Potentilla nitida) had just a few flowers amongst its silvery leaves. Marmots were whistling, and a Roe Deer was heard barking.

We retraced our steps, some stopping for refreshments at the now-quiet Malga, before meeting up again at the minibuses. Everyone agreed that they had had a wonderful day in this stunningly beautiful valley. We retraced our route through Predazzo, with one bus of group members going on to the Fassa Valley cheese factory and shop, where most of the local cheeses are made, to stock up with supplies to take home. We then returned to Tamion for our final evening and delicious dinner.

8 © Naturetrek August 18

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Day 8 Wednesday 28th June

Tamion to Venice After a final excellent breakfast, it was time to leave. We loaded the minibuses, said farewell and thank you to Stefano who, with Katia and Genio, plus Daniel and the other staff, had looked after us so well, and set off south, having a smooth journey. We stopped at Candaten in the Bellunesi Dolomites to explore the woodland and river gravels by the River Cordevole. This is at a much lower altitude and consequently warmer, and is an area very good for butterflies and moths. New finds were Purple Emperor, Large Chequered Skipper, Small Skipper, Essex Skipper and the valesina form (dark-coloured) of Silver-washed Fritillary. We also recorded two more Apollos, Brimstone, and both the common Nine-spotted moth and Ragusa’s Nine-spotted (the difference being in the arrangement of spots, with Ragusa’s preferring a warmer habitat). Other insects included Bee Beetle, Rose Chafer and a yellow-and-black Longhorn beetle Chlorophorus varius. Birds included Dipper and Grey Wagtail on the river, and Marsh Tit and Blue Tit were both firsts for the week. Plants included the Willowherb Epilobium dodonaei, Dame’s Violet (Hesperis matronalis), Cypress Spurge (Euphorbia cyparissias) and Hop (Humulus lupulus).

Eventually we had to move on, stopping again at the service station at the head of the autostrada, where we enjoyed paninis and drinks in the shade, before the final drive to the airport. Here we said goodbye to Jessica, Paul and Luca, who were all meeting another group, and checked in for our journeys home.

We had all experienced a great week of stunning scenery, alpine flowers, birds, insects and mammals, and a delightful hotel, all enjoyed in good company.

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The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Species Lists

Plants

Nomenclature contained within this list follows the taxonomic amendments, based on DNA analysis, made by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanic Garden, and following The Plant List, an internationally accepted list of vascular plant families, published and maintained by these two Institutions.

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

PTERIDOPHYTES FERNS & ALLIES Lycophytes Lycopodiaceae Clubmoss Family Huperzia selago Fir Clubmoss 4 Rosengarten

Selaginellaceae Lesser Clubmoss Family Selaginella helvetica Swiss Clubmoss 2 Tamion Calamophytes Equisetaceae Horsetail Family Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail 5 Val San Nicolo Equisetum palustre Marsh Horsetail 2 Tamion

Eusporangiate Ferns Ophioglossaceae Adder's-tongue Family Botrychium lunaria Moonwort 5 Val San Nicolo

Leptosporangiate Ferns True Ferns Aspleniaceae Spleenwort family Asplenium ruta-muraria Wall Rue 4 Rosengarten Asplenium viride Green Spleenwort 3 Passo Pordoi

Athyriaceae Lady-fern Family Athyrium filix-femina Lady-fern 2 Monzoni

Cystopteraceae Bladder-fern Family Cystopteris fragilis Brittle Bladder-fern 2 Monzoni Gymnocarpium dryopteris Oak Fern 2 Monzoni

Dennstaeditiaceae Bracken Family Pteridium aquilinum Bracken 6 Roadsides

Dryopteridaceae Buckler-fern Family Dryopteris carthusiana Narrow Buckler-fern 4 Rosengarten Polystichum lonchitis Holly-fern 4 Rosengarten

GYMNOSPERMS CONIFERS Cupressaceae Juniper Family Juniperus communis Common Juniper 2 Tamion Juniperus communis var. saxatilis Dwarf Juniper 3 Passo Pordoi

Pinaceae Pine Family Larix decidua European Larch 2 Tamion Picea abies Spruce 2 Tamion Pinus cembra Arolla Pine 3 Below Pordoi

10 © Naturetrek August 18

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

Pinus mugo Dwarf Mountain Pine 3 Below Pordoi Pinus nigra Austrian or Black Pine 3 Below Sella Pinus uncinata Mountain Pine 2 Tamion

ANGIOSPERMS FLOWERING PLANTS Eu-dicots True Dicotyledons Adoxaceae Moschatel Family Adoxa moschatellina Moschatel Sambucus nigra Elder 1 Roadsides Sambucus racemosa Red-berried Elderberry 5 Val San Nicolo

Amaranthaceae (Chenopodiaceae) Goosefoot Family Chenopodium bonus-henricus Good King Henry 2 Tamion

Apiaceae Carrot Family Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley 2 Tamion Chaerophyllum cf. villarsii Hairy Chervil 4 Rosengarten Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed 3 Passo Pordoi Laserpitium latifolium Broad-leaved Sermountain 2 Tamion (leaves) Ligusticum mutellina Alpine Lovage 3 Passo Pordoi Ligusticum mutellinoides Unbranched Lovage 3 Passo Pordoi Peucedanum ostruthium Masterwort 4 Rosengarten Pimpinella major Greater Burnet-saxifrage 2 Tamion Pimpinella saxifraga Burnet-saxifrage 2 Tamion

Apocynaceae Periwinkle Family Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Swallow-wort 6 Predazzo

Berberidaceae Barberry Family Berberis vulgaris Barberry 2 Tamion

Betulaceae Birch Family Alnus viridis Green Alder 2 Monzoni

Boraginaceae Forget-me-not Family Anchusa arvensis Bugloss 5 Val San Nicolo Anchusa officinalis Alkanet 6 Predazzo Cerinthe glabra Smooth Honeywort 5 Val San Nicolo Echium vulgare Viper's-bugloss 6 Predazzo Eritrichium nanum King of the Alps 6 Cimon della Pala Myosotis alpestris Alpine Wood Forget-me-not 3 Passo Pordoi Myosotis arvensis Field Forget-me-not 5 Val San Nicolo Myosotis sylvatica Wood Forget-me-not 2 Tamion Pulmonaria australis a Lungwort 3 Passo Pordoi Pulmonaria officinalis Common Lungwort 7 Paneveggio

Brassicaceae Cabbage Family Arabis alpina Alpine Rock-cress 3 Passo Pordoi Arabis bellidifolia an Alpine Rock-cress 4 Rosengarten Arabis stellulata Starry Rock-cress 6 Cimon della Pala Barbarea sp. Winter-cress 6 Cimon della Pala Biscutella laevigata Buckler Mustard 2 Monzoni Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd’s Purse 2 Tamion

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

Cardamine resedifolia Mignonette-leaved Bitter-cress 2 Monzoni Cardaminopsis halleri subsp. halleri Haller's Rock-cress 4 Rosengarten Draba aizoides Yellow Whitlow-grass 3 Passo Pordoi Draba dolomitica Dolomite Whitlow-grass 6 Cimon della Pala Draba dubia Austrian Whitlow-grass 6 Cimon della Pala Hornungia (Pritzelago) alpina Chamois Cress 6 Cimon della Pala Kernera saxatilis Kernera 3 Passo Pordoi Nasturtium officinale Water-cress 3 Below Pordoi Petrocalis pyrenaica Pyrenean Whitlow-grass 6 Cimon della Pala Thlaspi rotundifolium Round-leaved Pennycress 3 Passo Pordoi

Campanulaceae Bellflower Family Campanula barbata Bearded Bellflower 2 Tamion Campanula cochleariifolia Fairy's Thimble 6 Predazzo Campanula glomerata Clustered Bellflower 2 Tamion Campanula latifolia Giant Bellflower 7 Roadsides (white) Campanula rapunculoides Creeping Bellflower 6 Roadsides Campanula scheuchzeri Scheuchzer's Bellflower 2 Tamion Campanula spicata Spiked Bellflower 6 Predazzo Phyteuma betonicifolium Betony-leaved Rampion 5 Val San Nicolo Phyteuma orbiculare Round-headed Rampion 2 Tamion Phyteuma ovatum Dark Rampion 7 Val Venegia Phyteuma sieberi a Rampion 7 Val Venegia

Cannabaceae Hop Family Humulus lupulus Hop 8 Candaten

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family Knautia arvensis Field Scabious 2 Tamion Knautia dipsacifolia Wood Scabious 5 Val San Nicolo Lonicera caerulea Blue-berried Honeysuckle 4 Rosengarten Scabiosa columbaria Small Scabious 4 Rosengarten Scabiosa vestina Tyrolean Scabious 5 Val San Nicolo Valeriana dioica Marsh Valerian 7 Val Venegia Valeriana elongata Elongated Valerian 7 Val Venegia Valeriana montana Mountain Valerian 2 Tamion Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian 6 Predazzo Valeriana saxatilis Rock Valerian 3 Passo Pordoi Valeriana supina Dwarf Valerian 4 Rosengarten Valeriana tripteris Three-leaved Valerian 4 Rosengarten

Caryophyllaceae Pink Family Arenaria ciliata Ciliate-leaved Sandwort 3 Passo Sella Cerastium arvense Field Mouse-ear 5 Val San Nicolo Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear 2 Tamion Dianthus sylvestris Wood Pink 6 Predazzo Gypsophila repens Alpine Gypsophila 2 Tamion Minuartia austriaca Austrian Sandwort 3 Passo Pordoi Minuartia sedoides Mossy Cyphel 3 Passo Pordoi Minuartia verna Spring Sandwort 3 Passo Pordoi Saponaria ocymoides Rock Soapwort 6 Predazzo Silene acaulis Moss Campion 2 Monzoni Silene alpestris Alpine Catchfly 7 Val Venegia

12 © Naturetrek August 18

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

Silene dioica Red Campion 2 Monzoni Silene (Lychnis) flos-cuculi Ragged Robin 2 Tamion Silene nutans Nottingham Catchfly 2 Tamion Silene pusilla a Catchfly 4 Rosengarten Silene vulgaris Bladder Campion 2 Tamion Stellaria graminea Lesser Stitchwort 6 Cimon della Pala Stellaria nemorum Wood Chickweed 7 Val Venegia

Cistaceae Rock-rose Family Helianthemum nummularium Rock-rose 2 Tamion Helianthemum oelandicum subsp. italicum Italian Rock-rose 2 Tamion

Compositae (Asteraceae) Daisy Family Achillea atrata Dark-stemmed Sneezewort 4 Rosengarten Achillea clavennae Silvery Milfoil 3 Passo Pordoi Achillea millefolium Yarrow 2 Tamion Achillea oxyloba Alpine Sneezewort 4 Rosengarten Adenostyles alliariae Adenostyles 2 Tamion Antennaria carpathica Carpathian Cat's-foot 3 Passo Sella Antennaria dioica Cat's-foot 2 Tamion Aposeris foetida Aposeris 2 Tamion Arnica montana Arnica 2 Tamion Artemisia vulgaris Mugwort 6 Predazzo Aster alpinus Alpine Aster 2 Tamion Bellidastrum michelii False Aster 2 Tamion Buphthalmum salicifolium Yellow Ox-eye 2 Tamion Carduus defloratus Alpine Thistle 2 Tamion Carduus personata Great Marsh Thistle 5 Val San Nicolo Cirsium eriophorum Woolly Thistle 5 Val San Nicolo (leaves) Cirsium erisithales Yellow Melancholy Thistle 1 Roadsides Cirsium heterophyllum Melancholy Thistle 6 Passo Rolle Cirsium montanum Mountain Thistle 2 Tamion Cirsium spinosissimum Spiniest Thistle 7 Val Venegia Crepis aurea Golden Hawk's-beard 2 Tamion Doronicum columnae Heart-leaved Leopard's-bane 3 Passo Pordoi Erigeron acris Blue Fleabane 7 Val Venegia Erigeron alpinus Alpine Fleabane 7 Val Venegia Erigeron annuus Annual Fleabane 6 Predazzo Erigeron neglectus Neglected Fleabane 3 Passo Pordoi Erigeron pulchellus (E. glabratus) a Fleabane 2 Tamion Erigeron uniflorus One-flowered Fleabane 6 Cimon della Pala Galinsoga quadriradiata Shaggy Soldier 6 Predazzo Hieracium lanatum Woolly Hawkweed 6 Cimon della Pala Homogyne alpina Alpine Colt's-foot 2 Tamion Hypochaeris radicata Cat's-ear 2 Tamion Hypochaeris uniflora Giant Cat's-ear 5 Tamion Jacobaea alpina (Senecio cordatus) Alpine Ragwort 4 Rosengarten (in bud) Leontodon hispidus Rough Hawkbit 5 Val San Nicolo Leontopodium nivale subsp. alpinum Edelweiss 3 Below Pordoi Leucanthemopsis alpina Alpine Moon Daisy 2 Monzoni Leucanthemum vulgare Ox-eye daisy 2 Tamion Petasites alba White Butterbur 6 Roadsides near Moena Petasites paradoxus Alpine Butterbur 2 Monzoni

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

Pilosella officinarum agg. Mouse-eared Hawkweed 2 Tamion Scorzonera aristata Bearded Viper's-grass 5 Val San Nicolo Senecio nemorensis Wood Ragwort 4 Rosengarten (in bud) Senecio squalidus Rock Ragwort 4 Rosengarten Solidago virgaurea Goldenrod 4 Rosengarten (in bud) Taraxacum agg Dandelion 2 Tamion Tephroseris longifolia (S. ovirensis) Southern Ragwort 7 Val Venegia Tolpis staticifolia Tolpis 2 Tamion Tragopogon pratense Goat's-beard 3 Below Pordoi Tussilago farfara Colt's-foot 2 Tamion (over)

Crassulaceae Stonecrop Family Sedum album White Stonecrop 6 Predazzo (leaves) Sedum atratum (was subsp. carinthiacum) Dark Stonecrop (pale form) 3 Passo Pordoi Sedum rosea Roseroot 6 Cimon della Pala

Ericaceae Heather Family Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry 2 Monzoni Arctostaphylos alpina Alpine Bearberry 3 Passo Pordoi Erica carnea Spring Heath 3 Passo Pordoi Kalmia procumbens Trailing Azalea 6 Cimon della Pala Moneses uniflora One-flowered Wintergreen 4 Rosengarten Pyrola minor Common Wintergreen 7 Val Venegia Rhododendron ferrugineum Alpenrose 2 Monzoni Rhododendron hirsutum Hairy Alpenrose 2 Tamion Rhodothamnus chamaecistus Dwarf Alpenrose 6 Cimon della Pala Vaccinium myrtillus Bilberry 2 Tamion Vaccinium uliginosum Bog Whortleberry 4 Rosengarten Vaccinium vitis-idaea Cowberry 2 Tamion

Euphorbiaceae Spurge family Euphorbia cyparissias Cypress Spurge 8 Candaten

Gentianaceae Gentian Family Gentiana acaulis Trumpet Gentian 2 Monzoni Gentiana brachyphylla subsp. brachyphylla Short-leaved Gentian 6 Cimon della Pala Gentiana brachyphylla subsp. favratii Short-leaved Gentian (limestone) 7 Val Venegia Gentiana clusii Clusius's Gentian 3 Passo Pordoi Gentiana lutea Yellow Gentian 5 Val San Nicolo Gentiana nivalis Snow Gentian 5 Val San Nicolo Gentiana punctata Spotted Gentian 6 Cimon della Pala Gentiana terglouensis Triglav Gentian 4 Rosengarten Gentiana verna Spring Gentian 3 Passo Pordoi Gentianella germanica Chiltern or German Gentian 2 Tamion

Geraniaceae Crane’s-bill Family Geranium phaeum Dusky Crane's-bill 1 Roadsides Geranium pratensis Meadow Crane's-bill 6 Predazzo Geranium sylvaticum Wood Crane's-bill 2 Tamion

Grossulariaceae Gooseberry Family Ribes petraeum Rock Redcurrant 5 Val San Nicolo

14 © Naturetrek August 18

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

Hypericaceae St. John's-wort Family Hypericum perforatum Perforate St. John's-wort 6 Predazzo

Lamiaceae Dead-nettle Family Ajuga genevensis Blue Bugle 7 Val Venegia Ajuga pyramidalis Pyramidal Bugle 5 Val San Nicolo Clinopodium (Acinos) alpinum Alpine Basil Thyme 2 Tamion Horminum pyrenaicum Dragonmouth 2 Tamion Lamium album White Dead-nettle 2 Tamion Origanum vulgare Oregano 6 Predazzo Prunella grandiflora Large-flowered Self-heal 6 Tamion roadsides Prunella vulgaris Self-heal 2 Tamion Salvia pratensis Meadow Clary 2 Tamion Stachys alopecuros Yellow Betony 2 Tamion Stachys recta Perennial Yellow Woundwort 6 Predazzo Thymus polytrichus Wild Thyme 2 Tamion

Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Pea Family Anthyllis vulneraria agg. Kidney-vetch 2 Tamion Astragalus alpinus Alpine Milk-vetch 2 Monzoni Astragalus penduliflorus Mountain Lentil 5 Val San Nicolo (in bud) Coronilla vaginalis Small Scorpion-vetch 2 Tamion Hedysarum hedysaroides subsp. exaltatum Alpine Sainfoin 3 Passo Sella Hippocrepis comosa Horseshoe Vetch 3 Passo Pordoi Lathyrus laevigatus Yellow Pea 3 Below Pordoi Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling 5 Val San Nicolo Lathyrus sylvestris Narrow-leaved Everlasting Pea 6 Predazzo Lotus alpinus Alpine Bird's-foot Trefoil 3 Passo Pordoi Lotus corniculatus Bird's-foot Trefoil 2 Tamion Lotus uliginosus Greater Bird's-foot Trefoil 6 Predazzo Medicago sativa Lucerne 6 Predazzo Onobrychis montana Mountain Sainfoin 2 Tamion Oxytropis campestris Yellow Milk-vetch 3 Passo Sella Oxytropis jacquinii Mountain Milk-vetch 2 Tamion Securigera varia Crown Vetch 6 Predazzo Trifolium badium Brown Clover 4 Rosengarten Trifolium montanum Mountain Clover 2 Tamion Trifolium pratense subsp. pratense Red Clover 2 Tamion Trifolium repens White Clover 2 Tamion Vicia sepium Bush Vetch 2 Tamion

Lentibulariaceae Bladderwort Family Pinguicula alpina Alpine Butterwort 4 Rosengarten Pinguicula leptoceras Southern Butterwort 2 Monzoni Pinguicula vulgaris Common Butterwort 2 Tamion

Linaceae Flax Family Linum catharticum Purging or Fairy Flax 2 Tamion

Oleaceae Olive Family Ligustrum vulgare Privet 6 Predazzo

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

Onagraceae Willowherb Family Chamerion angustifolium Rosebay Willowherb 3 Passo Pordoi (in bud) Epilobium dodonaei an Alpine Willowherb 8 Candaten

Orobanchaceae Broomrape Family Bartsia alpina Alpine Bartsia 3 Passo Pordoi Euphrasia roskoviana an Eyebright 2 Tamion Melampyrum sylvaticum Wood Cow-wheat 4 Rosengarten Orobanche gracilis Slender Broomrape 2 Tamion Pedicularis elongata a Yellow Lousewort 2 Tamion Pedicularis rosea Pink Lousewort 3 Passo Pordoi Pedicularis verticillata Verticillate Lousewort 2 Monzoni Rhinanthus glacialis subsp. aristatus Aristate Rattle 4 Rosengarten Rhinanthus minor agg. Hay Rattle 2 Tamion

Oxalidaceae Wood Sorrel Family Oxalis acetosella Wood Sorrel 2 Tamion

Papaveraceae Poppy Family Papaver alpinum (P. aurantiacum, P. rhaeticum) Rhaetian Poppy 3 Passo Sella Papaver rhoeas Common Poppy 6 Roadsides

Plantaginaceae Plantain Family Digitalis lutea Small Yellow Foxglove 6 Predazzo Globularia cordifolia Matted Globularia 2 Tamion Linaria alpina Alpine Toadflax 2 Monzoni Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain 2 Tamion Plantago major Greater Plantain 2 Tamion Plantago media Hoary Plantain 2 Tamion Veronica aphylla Leafless-stemmed Speedwell 2 Monzoni Veronica beccabunga Brooklime 2 Tamion Veronica bellidioides Violet Speedwell 2 Monzoni Veronica (Paederota) bonarota Bluish Paederota 3 Passo Pordoi Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell 2 Tamion Veronica fruticans Rock Speedwell 4 Rosengarten Veronica officinalis Heath Speedwell 2 Tamion Veronica serpyllifolia subsp. serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Speedwell 2 Tamion Veronica urticifolia Nettle-leaved Speedwell 2 Tamion

Plumbaginaceae Thrift Family Armeria alpina Mountain Thrift 3 Passo Pordoi

Polygalaceae Milkwort Family Polygala alpestris Mountain Milkwort 2 Monzoni Polygala chamaebuxus Shrubby Milkwort 2 Tamion Polygala nicaeensis Nice Milkwort 2 Tamion Polygala vulgaris Common Milkwort 5 Val San Nicolo

Polygonaceae Knotweed Family Persicaria vivipara Alpine Bistort 2 Tamion Rumex acetosa Sorrel 4 Rosengarten Rumex alpinus Monk's Rhubarb 2 Monzoni Rumex scutatus French Sorrel (Shield Dock) 5 Val San Nicolo

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

Primulaceae Primrose Family Androsace hausmannii a Rock-jasmine 6 Cimon della Pala Androsace obtusifolia Blunt-leaved Rock-jasmine 3 Passo Pordoi Primula auricula Bear's-ear Primrose 6 Cimon della Pala Primula elatior Oxlip 3 Passo Pordoi (over) Primula farinosa Bird's-eye Primrose 2 Tamion Primula halleri Long-flowered Primrose 3 Passo Pordoi Primula minima Least Primrose 6 Cimon della Pala Primula tyrolensis Tyrolean Primrose 7 Val Venegia Primula veris Cowslip 4 Rosengarten Soldanella alpina Alpine Snowbell 3 Passo Pordoi Soldanella minima Least Snowbell 6 Cimon della Pala Soldanella pusilla Dwarf Snowbell 6 Cimon della Pala

Ranunculaceae Buttercup Family Aconitum lycoctonum subsp. vulparia Wolf's-bane 3 Passo Pordoi (leaves only) Aconitum napellus Common Monk's-hood 5 Val San Nicolo (in bud) Anemone (Pulsatilla) alpina subsp. apiifolia Yellow Pasqueflower 3 Passo Pordoi Anemone baldensis Monte Baldo Anemone 3 Passo Pordoi Anemone (Pulsatilla) vernalis Spring Pasqueflower 2 Monzoni Aquilegia atrata Dark Columbine 2 Tamion Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold 3 Below Pordoi Clematis alpina Alpine Clematis 2 Monzoni Ranunculus aconitifolius Aconite-leaved Buttercup 5 Val San Nicolo Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup 4 Rosengarten Ranunculus alpestris Alpine Buttercup 6 Cimon della Pala Ranunculus bulbosus Bulbous Buttercup 2 Tamion Ranunculus hybridus Hybrid Buttercup 3 Passo Pordoi Ranunculus montanus Mountain Buttercup 3 Passo Pordoi Ranunculus seguieri Seguier's Buttercup 6 Cimon della Pala Thalictrum aquilegifolium Great Meadow-rue 5 Val San Nicolo Trollius europaeus Globeflower 2 Monzoni

Resedaceae Mignonette Family Reseda lutea Mignonette 6 Vigo di Fassa

Rosaceae Rose Family Alchemilla glabra Smooth Lady's-mantle 2 Monzoni Alchemilla spp Lady's-mantles 2 Widespread Aruncus dioicus Goat's-beard Spirea 1 Roadsides Dryas octopetala Mountain Avens 3 Passo Pordoi Filipendula vulgaris Dropwort 1 Roadsides Fragaria vesca Wild Strawberry 2 Tamion Geum montanum Mountain Avens 2 Monzoni Geum rivale Water Avens 2 Monzoni Potentilla aurea Golden Cinquefoil 2 Monzoni Potentilla crantzii Alpine Cinquefoil 2 Tamion Potentilla erecta Tormentil 2 Tamion Potentilla nitida Pink Cinquefoil 4 Rosengarten Rosa pendulina Alpine Rose 2 Tamion Rubus idaeus Raspberry 2 Tamion Rubus saxatilis Rock Bramble 2 Tamion Sanguisorba minor agg. Salad Burnet 2 Tamion

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

Sorbus aucuparia Rowan 2 Tamion Sorbus chamaemespilus False Medlar 4 Rosengarten

Rubiaceae Bedstraw Family Gallium album Upright Hedge Bedstraw 6 Predazzo

Salicaceae Willow Family Salix alpina Alpine Willow 7 Val Venegia Salix breviserrata Finely-toothed Willow 3 Passo Pordoi Salix cinerea Grey Willow 2 Tamion Salix hegetschweileri Alpine Willow 2 Tamion Salix purpurea Purple Willow 2 Tamion Salix reticulata Net-leaved Willow 3 Passo Pordoi Salix serpyllifolia a Willow 3 Passo Pordoi

Santalaceae Sandalwood Family Thesium linophyllon Flax-leaved Bastard Toadflax 5 Val San Nicolo

Saxifragaceae Saxifrage Family Chrysosplenium alternifolium Alternate-leaved Golden Saxifrage 4 Rosengarten Saxifraga adscendens Biennial Saxifrage 3 Passo Pordoi Saxifraga aizoides Yellow Mountain Saxifrage 7 Val Venegia Saxifraga androsacea Scree Saxifrage 3 Passo Pordoi Saxifraga caesia Blue Saxifrage 4 Rosengarten (in bud) Saxifraga crustata Encrusted Saxifrage 7 Val Venegia Saxifraga exarata subsp. moschata Musky Saxifrage 3 Below Pordoi Saxifraga oppositifolia Purple Saxifrage 6 Cimon della Pala (over) Saxifraga paniculata Live-long Saxifrage 6 Cimon della Pala Saxifraga rotundifolia Round-leaved Saxifrage 4 Rosengarten Saxifraga sedoides a Saxifrage 7 Val Venegia Saxifraga squarrosa - 3 Passo Pordoi (leaves)

Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family Scrophularia canina subsp. hoppii French Figwort (Alpine) 4 Rosengarten Verbascum pulverulentum Hoary Mullein 1 Roadsides

Thymelaeaceae Daphne Family Daphne mezereum Mezereon 2 Monzoni (over) Daphne striata a Daphne 3 Passo Pordoi

Urticaceae Nettle Family Urtica dioica Common Nettle 2 Tamion

Violaceae Violet Family Viola biflora Yellow Wood Violet 2 Monzoni Viola riviniana Common Dog Violet 5 Val San Nicolo Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Alpine Heartsease 5 Val San Nicolo

Monocots Monocotyledons Amaryllidaceae Daffodil Family

Allium schoenoprasum Chives 6 Cimon della Pala (leaves)

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

Asparagaceae Asparagus Family Maianthemum bifolium May Lily 2 Tamion Polygonatum verticillatum Whorled Solomon's-seal 4 Rosengarten

Colchicaceae Autumn Crocus Family Colchicum autumnale Autumn Crocus 2 Tamion (in seed)

Cyperaceae Sedge Family Blysmus compressus Flat Sedge 2 Tamion Carex atrata Black Alpine Sedge 3 Below Pordoi Carex bigelowii Stiff Sedge 2 Monzoni Carex caryophyllea Spring Sedge 5 Val San Nicolo Carex cuprina (otrubae) False Fox Sedge 7 Val Venegia Carex echinata Star Sedge 5 Tamion Carex flacca Glaucous Sedge 2 Tamion Carex nigra Common Sedge 2 Tamion Carex ornithopoda Bird's-foot Sedge 2 Monzoni Carex pallescens Pale Sedge 5 Tamion Carex vaginata Sheathed Sedge 3 Passo Pordoi Carex viridula subsp. oedocarpa (C. demissa) Common Yellow Sedge 5 Tamion Carex viridula ssp. brachyrhyncha (C. lepidocarpa) Long-bracted Yellow Sedge 2 Tamion Eriophorum angustifolium Common Cotton-grass 5 Tamion Eriophorum scheuchzeri a Cotton-grass 7 Val Venegia

Juncaceae Rush Family Juncus castaneus Chestnut Rush 3 Passo Sella Juncus trifidus Three-leaved Rush 4 Rosengarten Luzula alpinopilosa Alpine Woodrush 6 Cimon della Pala Luzula luzuloides White Wood-rush 3 Passo Pordoi Luzula multiflora agg. Heath Wood-rush 3 Passo Pordoi Luzula nivea Snowy Wood-rush 2 Tamion Luzula pilosa Hairy Wood-rush 2 Monzoni

Liliaceae Lily Family Gagea (Lloydia) serotina Snowdon Lily 6 Cimon della Pala Lillium bulbiferum subsp. bulbiferum Orange Lily 2 Tamion Lillium martagon Martagon Lily 3 Passo Pordoi (in bud)

Melanthiaceae Herb-Paris Family Paris quadrifolia Herb-Paris 4 Rosengarten Veratrum lobelianum Green False-helleborine 2 Tamion

Orchidaceae Orchid Family Dactylorhiza (Coeloglossum) viride Frog Orchid 2 Monzoni Corallorhiza trifida Coralroot Orchid 2 Tamion Cypripedium calceolus Lady's Slipper Orchid 2 Tamion Dactylorhiza alpestris Alpine Broad-leaved Marsh Orchid 7 Val Venegia Dactylorhiza fuchsii Common Spotted Orchid 2 Tamion Dactylorhiza incarnata Early Marsh Orchid 5 Tamion Dactylorhiza majalis Broad-leaved Marsh Orchid 7 Val Venegia Dactylorhiza x sooi (D. alpestris x fuchsii) a Hybrid Orchid 7 Val Venegia Epipactis atrorubens Dark Red Helleborine 8 Candaten Gymnadenia austriaca Austrian Vanilla Orchid 3&5 Passo Sella / Val San Nicolo

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Day Location (first or best)

Gymnadenia conopsea agg. Fragrant Orchid 2 Tamion Gymnadenia odoratissima Short-spurred Fragrant Orchid 2 Tamion Gymnadenia rhellicani Dark Vanilla Orchid 5 Val San Nicolo Gymnadenia rubra Red Vanilla Orchid 3 Below Pordoi Neotinea (Orchis) ustulata Burnt Orchid 5 Tamion Neottia cordata Lesser Twayblade 7 Val Venegia Neottia nidus-avis Bird's-nest Orchid 2 Tamion Neottia ovata Twayblade 2 Tamion Ophrys insectifera Fly Orchid 2 Tamion Orchis militaris Military Orchid 2 Tamion Platanthera bifolia Lesser Butterfly Orchid 2&5 Tamion / Val San Nicolo Pseudorchis (Gymnadenia) albida Small White Orchid 2&6 Tamion / Val San Nicolo Traunsteinera globosa Round-headed Orchid 2 Tamion

Poaceae Grass Family Briza media Quaking-grass 2 Tamion Bromopsis inermis Hungarian Brome 6 Predazzo Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted hair-grass 5 Val San Nicolo Festuca rubra agg. Red Fescue 7 Val Venegia Melica nutans Mountain Melick 4 Rosengarten Nardus stricta Mat-grass 6 Cimon della Pala Phleum alpinum Alpine Timothy 5 Val San Nicolo Poa alpina Alpine Meadow-grass 3 Passo Pordoi Poa bulbosa var. vivipara Bulbous Meadow-grass 2 Tamion Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass 5 Val San Nicolo Sesleria albicans A Blue Moor-grass 6 Cimon della Pala Sesleria sphaerocephala - 3 Passo Pordoi

Tofieldiaceae False Asphodel Family Tofieldia calyculata Tofield's Asphodel 2 Tamion

Birds (=recorded but not counted; H = heard only; LO Leader only) June Common name Scientific name 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 1 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos     2 Little Egret Egretta garzetta c20 3 Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus  4 Common Buzzard Buteo buteo    5 Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis   6 Rock Dove (Feral Pigeon) Columba livia var. domestica     7 Common Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus     8 Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto  9 Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus H H H H 10 Common Swift Apus apus        11 Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major  H H 12 Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius H 13 Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus H 14 Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus    15 Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio   16 Eurasian Jay Garrulus glandarius    17 Eurasian Magpie Pica pica     18 Spotted Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes     H  H

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

June Common name Scientific name 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 19 Alpine Chough Pyrrhocorax graculus     20 Western Jackdaw Coloeus monedula  21 Carrion Crow Corvus corone         22 Hooded Crow Corvus cornix     23 Northern Raven Corvus corax  H  24 Coal Tit Periparus ater      25 European Crested Tit Lophophanes cristatus    H 26 Marsh Tit Poecile palustris  27 Willow Tit Poecile montanus   28 Eurasian Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus  29 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica         30 Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris         31 Common House Martin Delichon urbicum         32 Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus H  33 Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita H H H H H  H 34 Western Bonelli's Warbler Phylloscopus bonelli 2 H 35 Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla H  H H 36 Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca     37 Goldcrest Regulus regulus LOH  H  38 Eurasian Wren Troglodytes troglodytes H H H H 39 Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta europaea H H H 40 Eurasian Treecreeper Certhia familiaris H   H 41 Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris  42 Ring Ouzel Turdus torquatus   43 Common Blackbird Turdus merula         44 Fieldfare Turdus pilaris        45 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos H  H 46 Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus       47 Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata LO    48 European Robin Erithacus rubecula H H H  H H 49 Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros       H H 50 Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus   H 51 Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe    52 White-throated Dipper Cinclus cinclus    53 Italian Sparrow Passer italiae         54 White-winged Snowfinch Montifringilla nivalis 6 H 55 Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris  56 Dunnock Prunella modularis  H  57 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea     58 White Wagtail Motacilla alba alba         59 Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis LO H 60 Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta   H 61 Common Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs         62 Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes LO 63 Eurasian Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula  H H H 64 European Greenfinch Chloris chloris H 65 Common Linnet Linaria cannabina H LOH 66 Common Redpoll Acanthis flammea  H 4 67 Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra  68 European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis   H 69 European Serin Serinus serinus LO LO    

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

June Common name Scientific name 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 70 Rock Bunting Emberiza cia 3

Mammals 1 Alpine Marmot Marmota marmota   H H  H 2 Red Squirrel Sciurus vulgaris  3 Red Fox Vulpes vulpes    4 Red Deer Cervus elaphus  5 European Roe Deer Capreolus capreolus     H 6 Alpine Chamois Rupicapra rupicapra    7 Mouflon Ovis orientalis musimon 

Reptiles & Amphibians 1 Common Toad (tadpoles) Bufo bufo T T 2 Common Frog Rana temporaria  3 Alpine Newt Icthyosaura alpestris  4 Common Wall Lizard Podarcis muralis   5 Adder Vipers berus 

Butterflies 1 Apollo Parnassius apollo    2 Black-veined White Aporia crataegi    3 Large White Pieris brassicae    4 Small White Pieris rapae        5 Mountain Green-veined White Pieris bryoniae       6 Orange Tip Anthocharis cardamines   7 Mountain Clouded Yellow Colias phicomone   8 Clouded Yellow Colias crocea    9 Brimstone Gonepteryx rhamni   10 Wood White Leptidea cf. sinapis   11 Little Blue Cupido minimus       12 Large Blue Maculinea arion  13 Geranium Argus Eumedonia eumedon  14 Brown Argus Aricia agestis  15 Mazarine Blue Cyaniris semiargus      16 Amanda's Blue Agrodiaetus amandus  17 Common Blue Polyommatus icarus  18 Eros Blue Polyommatus eros  19 Purple Emperor Apatura iris  20 Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae      21 Red Admiral Vanessa atalanta     22 Painted Lady Vanessa cardui      23 Silver-washed Fritillary female form Argynnis paphia f. valesina  24 Shepherd’s Fritillary Boloria pales  25 Heath Fritillary Mellicta athalia  26 Nickerl’s Fritillary Mellicta aurelia  27 Woodland Ringlet Erebia medusa  28 subspecies Erebia medusa hippomedusa     29 Dewy Ringlet Erebia pandrose   30 Ringlet Aphantopus hyperantus  31 Small Heath Coenonympha pamphilus 

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

June Common name Scientific name 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 32 Pearly Heath Coenonympha arcania   33 Alpine Heath Coenonympha gardetta   34 Speckled Wood Pararge aegeria   35 Large Wall Brown Lasiommata maera  36 Grizzled Skipper Pyrgus cf. malvoides   37 Olive Skipper Pyrgus serratulae  38 Red-underwing Skipper Spialia sertorius  39 Dingy Skipper Erynnis tages    40 Chequered Skipper Carterocephalus palaemon  41 Large Chequered Skipper Heteropterus morpheus  42 Essex Skipper Thymelicus lineola  43 Small Skipper Thymelicus sylvestris  44 Large Skipper Ochlodes venatus   

Micro moths (T = trap, F = field) 1 Tortrix family Epinotius thapsiana F 2 Crambid Grass Moth family Crambus lathoniellus F 3 Crambid family Metaxmeste phrygialis F F F F F 4 Small Magpie Anania hortulata F 5 Crambid family Udea alpinalis F 6 Mother of Pearl Pleuroptya ruralis T

Macro Moths 1 Forester Adscita statices F 2 Southern Six-spot Burnet Zygaena transalpina F 3 Transparent Burnet Zygaena purpuralis F F 4 unnamed Burnet Zygaena loti F 5 Pine-tree Lappet Dendrolimus pini T 6 Rose-bordered Wave Rhodostrophia vibicaria F 7 Silver-ground Carpet Xanthorhoe montanata T/F T 8 Garden Carpet Xanthorhoe fluctuata T

9 Small Argent and Sable Epirrhoe tristata F 10 Grey Mountain Carpet Entephria caesiata F 11 Barred Yellow Cidaria fulvata T 12 Spruce Carpet Thera britanica T 13 Pretty Chalk Carpet Melanthia procellata F 14 Small Rivulet Perizoma alchemillata T 15 Grass Rivulet Perizoma albulata F 16 Freyer's Pug Eupithecia intricata T 17 Larch Pug Eupithecia lariciata T 18 Chimney Sweeper Odezia atrata F F F 19 Clouded Border Lomaspilis marginata F 20 Tawny-barred Angle Macaria liturata T T 21 Latticed Heath Chiasmia clathrata clathrata F 22 Speckled Yellow Pseudopanthera macularia F F F 23 Early Thorn Selenia dentaria T T 24 Common Wave Cabera exanthemata T 25 Light Emerald Campaea margaritata T 26 Yellow Banded Psodos quadriferia F F F 27 Black-veined Moth Siona lineata F

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

June Common name Scientific name 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Pine Hawk-moth Hyloicus pinastri T F T 29 Poplar Hawk-moth Laothoe populi T 30 Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum F F F 31 Clouded Buff Diacrisia sannio T 32 Nine Spotted Amata phegea F F 33 Ragusa's Nine-spotted Amata kruegeri F 34 Heart and Dart Agrostis exclamationis T F T 35 Large Yellow Underwing Noctua pronuba T 36 True Lover's Knot Lycophotia porphyrea T T 37 Setaceous Hebrew Character Xestia c-nigrum T 38 Great Brocade Eurois occulta T 39 Shears Hada plejeba T T 40 Bordered Gothic Heliophobus reticulata T 41 Glaucous Shears Papestra biren T T 42 Broom Moth Melandra pisi T T 43 Marbled Coronet Hadena confusa T 44 Smoky Wainscot Mythimna impura T T 45 Dark Brocade Bepharita adusta T 46 Reddish Light Arches Apamea sublustris T 47 Marbled Minor agg. Oligia strigilis (Complex) T 48 Silver Y Autographa gamma F F T/F F F F 49 Plain Golden Y Autographa jota T 50 Spectacle Abrostola tripartita T 51 Burnet Companion Euclidia glyphica F F

Other Insects 1 Blue Emperor Anax imperator  2 Common Green Grasshopper Omocestus viridulus  3 Forest Bug Pentatoma rifipes  4 A Shield Bug (diamond-shaped abd) Syromastes rhombeus  5 A Froghopper (black/red spots) Cercopis vulnerata  6 A Hover-fly (black wing panel) Volucella pellucens  7 Scorpion Fly Panorpa meridionalis   8 An Ichneumon wasp (red) Ophion luteus  9 Wood Ant Formica rufa     10 Honey Bee Apis mellifera    11 Red-tailed Bumblebee Bombus lapidarius   12 Common Carder-bee Bombus pascuorum  13 Garden Chafer Phyllopertha horticola    14 Rose Chafer Cetonia aurata  15 Bee Beetle Trichius fasciatus  16 A Chafer (greenish yellow) Hoplia argentea  17 Black Click Beetle Melanotus erythropus  18 Glow-worm Lampyris noctiluca   19 A Longhorn beetle (green) Callidium cf. violaceum  20 A Longhorn (yellow/black) Chlorophorus varius  21 Lily Beetle Lilioceris lilii  22 Leaf Beetle:(orange/4 black spots) Clytra quadripunctata   23 Violet Ground Beetle Carabeus violaceus  24 Spotted Crane-fly Nephrotoma appendiculata  25 Green Lacewing sp. Chrysoperla sp. 

The Italian Dolomites Tour Report

June Common name Scientific name 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

Molluscs 1 Roman Snail Helix pomatia  2 White-lipped (Banded) Snail Cepaea hortensis 

Lady’s Slipper Orchid

Large Chequered Skipper White-winged Snowfinch