STIIPEIVfgBifUDI 50 cent, CANADA'S NEWSPAPER FOE UKRAINIAN STUDENTS

1? We -TAKE. AFfMHMTAU STUDENT granted full voting membership Jars Balan CUP Welcomes STUDENT

42nb Jlattonal Student's assessment for the Conference current publishing year by half (the balance owing being Canadian deferred by the next con- ference), further indicating the feelings of goodwill delegates had for the publication. full membership (by The Varsi- to all of the services offered by In other conference ty) did, however, stipulate (that CUP (news exchanges, deliberations, member papers the paper's performance be educational workshops, gave their support to Quebec's reviewed at next year's national fieldworker With visits) without be- right to self-determination and an almost unanimous conference, which is to be held ing given the vote or the right to launched a national magazine vote in the affirmative, followed in either Montreal or Lennox- make motions at conferences. that will appearas a supplement by a round of generous ville, Quebec. Some concern Acting on the suggestions of in campus papers six times applause, delegates at the 42nd was also expressed a by the delegates and after con- year. They Annual Conference of the Membership Commission also elected a new sultations with staffers in Ed- national executive, headed by Canadian University Press regarding the paper's ability to monton, the paper decided to Michael Belagus of The Projec- (CUP) welcomed the Kvas pay its annual CUP fee, which make a bid for full membership tor, which he Society publication Student will presently edits at go up from the $382 that status in the into belief that only the Red River Community College their inky fold. was assessed in 1979-80 when vote would enable Student to in Winnipeg. The decision was the Student Belagus ex- was only a prospective fully enter into the climax of ayear-and-a-half mainstream pressed concern about the long member. These fears were of the student courtship press in Canada. future of the organization in a between the paper allayed, however, by a positive Without the vote, Student would period of cutbacks and declin- and the umbrella organization, report from CUP western region be forced to work through ing enrollment, but was op- which represents most of the fieldworker Nancy McRitchie, sympathetic intermediaries timistic about CUP's student newspapers at univer- and a cautiously ability to optimistic whenever it sities wanted to launch meet the challenges of the and community colleges account of Student's plans for across Canada. initiatives or exert an influence Ts. Delegates from the future. within the organization. Not all of the conference as far afield as British Columbia Student's admission into Delegates agreed with this activities, however, and Newfoundland were quick the organization were quite was but one of position, and the outcome of so serious to express theircongratulations the recommendations or devoted to made by the final vote was never really in business. The and best wishes to Student Chevron, ex- the hard-working Membership question as the representative way was first pelled at the last national con- Jars Balan, who Commission; in another more paved by two constitutional ference after three years of attended the 26 December to 3 difficult decision, they urged amendments (moved by the often bitter debating, provided January gathering at the West- the expulsion of a troubled University of Lethbridge considerable excitement and bury Hotel in Toronto. Ex- University of Toronto paper, the Meliorist and seconded by the entertainment by showing upto pected opposition to Student's Grad Post. Nor was the original University of Alberta's protest the decision. entry into the national body — intention A motion CUP's festive tradition, to grant Student full Gateway) that were from Communist Party necessary at the first session encouraged celebrating the New Year (CPC) membership: initially, National because Student a total sympathizers didn't fit any of them to leave the conference, of six times as who object to Executive members reviewing the magic hourof Student's coverage the existing categories in the but they continued to hand out midnight was of events in the paper's application had reached in each constitution. In fact, the paper is leaflets and. skirmish the Soviet Union — failed to with the of the time zones across the recommended that it be given unlike any other in CUP, being National Executive throughout country. materialize in the discussion on "special subscriber" There was much status. ethnically oriented and serving the week-long gathering. the plenary floor. This would toasting, toking and singing of have meant that a national readership. The formal motion granting Earlier, a Delegates, of course, also par- Solidarity Forever, and general- successful fee appeal had tied and socialized in cut the best of ly a good time was had by all. Carter steals plank from SUSK Bohdan Somchynsky Hell no! We won't Go To boycott or not to Argentina, is to use sport This as a entails that we raise this principle aim is to educate boycott, that is the question. In the defense groups would be ally- means of propaganda that veils issue in a principled way and do public in the West, it is the recent weeks the headlines that country's ing their activities with disrespect of not attach various qualifiers. dissidents themselves who have been dominated by the democratic and American foreign policy on the human rights. Not only do we defend raise the issue of Soviet invasion of Afghanistan Understanding repression political terrain chosen by that sports democratic rights in inside the case of the Soviet Union. It is Carter and the resulting American are political and himself. Our defense that the the Soviet Union but also in the obvious that the task of educa- response. Along with the boycott of the work would cease to be defense Moscow Olym- cases of South Africa or Ireland. tion can be done much more cancellation of grainsales, B-52 pics is not work but instead would be simply a moral Principled effectively overflights and defense of here where we enjoy transformed into political military aid to question, but a political ques- democratic sup- Pakistan, Carter's rights leads us to the rights of doing political port for Carter's cold reaction in- tion, enables one to raise war fever. the concentrating our defense work activity among the public, in- cluded a demand raised at last issue In this way our work which of repression of among the general stead of year's SUSK convention public and in Moscow itself where hitherto has had a consistent — a democratic rights in the West not in appeals to governments obviously the situation is much democratic call for a boycott of the up- and to provide support history and which to the who are subject to their own more controlled. Since the coming Moscow Olympics. oppositional movement has won us respect among inside ulterior motives. We have had boycott is a tactical question Since recent world events have the Soviet Union. student, civil rights and labour The call to enough experience with there is no changed the framework of the a reason why we groups would be discredited boycott the Olympics is an "human rights" policy that is cannot send representatives of and SUSK Resolution, I believe a would inevitabely provide easily understood demand that active debate should be in relation to the Soviet defense groups to Moscowwho further ammunition initiated deal- allows us to involve the broad for the ing Union and inactive in relation to can explain our activity to the Soviet with this issue. This article is public and regime to use in its not just the limited the Nicaragua of Somoza, ac- oppositional conceived as an initial contribu- movement and the campaign to smash the sectors that we traditionally tive when there is for general public, if tion. need a circumstances democratic movement inside work with. Likewise, a broad defense Before budget increase and permit. the Soviet Union. we can study how response to this call enables us inactive when a Salt treaty How has the Soviet inva- Carter's actions should cause There will be those who will not only to show international needs passing... us to reconsider sion of Afghanistan and the argue that supporting last year's public support for the the op- Nevertheless, when we call American reaction changed the resolution, we should be clear positional boycott due to the added movement but also for a boycott of the applicability about the reasons why Olympics we of the above men- motivation of the Soviet inva- SUSK influences the general popula- do this irregardless supported of the tioned motivation? Unfor- sion is consistent a boycott in the first tion inside the Soviet with our Union. In political forces that tunately it place. The first obvious such may has turned denunciations of the Soviet a way this campaign could associate with assumption that us in this cam- everything upside down. regime's internal policies. This should be be one of the most effective and paign, whether it is ABN in all of Whereas before we challenged may or made explicit is that sport is influential actions may not be true, undertaken its selectivity or the French Carter to be consistent his political. Contrary to the beliefs by defense in however if we wish to win broad groups in the West. Communist Party in "human held by all of its rights" policy, now it is support for our defense many and trumpeted by In calling for a boycott of it is ambiguity. We do this realizing Carter who is the representatives of the inter- challenging us to democratic rights we must be important to remember not only that the national sports principled defense of be consistent in our objections clear of the basis and world, inter- why we call for a boycott founda- but democratic freedoms is our to Soviet expansionism. tion for national sporting events like the how this our work. To confuse issue should be raised. chosen political terrain Whereas previously Olympics are political events and that we were the geopolitics of world If the issue of repression anyone and are of who joins us in this concerned with the defense of supremacy with understood as such by democratic rights the principled inside the campaign must either be con- democratic rights, now we are those who sponsor them. To Soviet defense of the democratic op- Union is to receive sistent or be denounced as told we must be concerned with believe that the Olympics are widespread position is the most effective support from the hypocrites and opportunists. American strategic events where individuals are interests in way to transform ourselves into general public it must not be One objection brought together that has preserving its oil lifeline. an incoherent political sect. in order to identified solely with any been We compete, par- raised is that a boycott of Our defense of democratic are seeing is to believe in an ticular political a process of current. The the Moscow Olympics is idealistic mythology. would freedoms a principled one, polarization in world politics Sup- question of democratic rights is prevent us from contacting but the call for a boycott is a posedly for the United States to a principled but there is no reason for us to question whose Soviet citizens in support of tactical one. We place third understood paint it simply black behind the Soviet support cannot be and white. qualified dissidents and to agitate that a campaign calling for Union and East Germany is a according a If SUSK is to remain active toone'sown political against the systematic boycott of defeat for the "free" world and attack by the Moscow Olym- in field of defense work, the a views. We focus in on the issue victory the regime against democratic pics would be a most effective SUSK executive should for "totalitarianism." To of repression of recon- democratic and human rights. it method in be the country However publicizing the fact of sider last year's resolution call- that sponsors rights in the Soviet Union, not must be kept in mind that the Soviet regime's repression the Olympics is a mark of because ing for a boycott and instead we are anti- although our defense of of democratic freedoms. prestige. To be able to hold the communists, The plan alternative methods of but because we democratic rights attempt Olympics in the is a prin- by Carter to persuade publicizing the plight of Ukrai- Soviet Union or are principled supporters of the World cipled one, our support for a American allies to support a nian and Soviet dissidents. Cup of soccer in democratic rights in general. boycott is purely tactical. Our boycott would mean that the All signed letters of reasonable length which comply with Canadian libel and slander laws will be printed unedited (save for purposes of clarity) in this column. We to will not print anonymous letters, but if for personal reasons contributors wish withhold their names or use a pseudonym, this can be arranged. In all cases, however, we require both a genuine signature and a return address.

being, that of showing could be unaware that fascism pose Canadians that we are a "think- has been the subject of study by Election Reflection ing body" which wants to pre- One toke over a wide variety of respected sent the problems at hand, and scholars of various political a peaceful means of solving the the line persuasions in the western problems. world. The word "fascism," as a Ukrainian students in historical expression of radical, During our winter election the media has taken on a most Canada must emerge in the '80s Dear Editor, or extremist right-wing crucial role in making our husting hustlers available for and become active, whether it As a former student myself, nationalistic thought, can be all is on or general consumption. However, it seems that not well reputable be in cultural activities, I would like to say how much I found defined in any both sides of the (metaphonic) politico-media fence. political activities. There are enjoys to read your highly dictionary. "Fascist," and As usual the politicians have been staging their carefully- many areas in society where intellectual and highly variations of the word, have events. But, a state their views, planned media what do you do when you have of students can stimulating newspaper. I mean, been part of the vocabulary carefully-planned media event and nothing significant and it is time that we show our like, I really likes to read it cuz it respected statesmen and com- happens? capabilities. makes me feel really smart like mentators in the western world, Liberals have no platform — except to blast away at I am proposing to you, as a The from Churchill to you guys. I mean, like, I thinks Winston the Tories — and Trudeau is in hiding. This latter point may fellow student, that we try and you guys are really neat, what Walter Ltppman, who could be in line with the Liberals' "team" strategy, but someone work within our Ukrainian- with talk of politics, and art, and hardly be accused of being should remind the quarterback to get on the field and call the communist Canadian society and build a being a Ukrainian and all. I just sympathizers. shots when their team is on the offensive (instead of hoping strong base. If we can form a finished the Christmas "ish" In conclusion, I would hope that the defence will conveniently crumble so that no game solid base within our communi- (you DO talk this way ... don't that Mr. Gregorovich would plan is necessary). The Tories Joe-boy has been actively ty we will be a stronger you?) and thought it was really save himself further embarrass- peddling his muddled wares to increasingly-wary buyers. legitimate body within Canada. ment by engaging in intellectual keen. I mean ... like it was so is theonlyparty with a coherent long-range platform The NOP rather than Student involvement is becom- DEEP, y'know. I think I'm gonna debate ad hominem and is busy spreading the word from coast to coast; their ing widespread in Canada. I quit Jesus and really try to get attacks based on gross distor- biggest problem is that not many people are listening — orat urge those who do not partake behind what you're doing ... tions of logic, as the latter can least responding. Finally the Rhinos' phenomenal rise In student activities to do so. I y'know. like the way you guys only serve to damage his reflects the degree to which electoral politics has fallen into invite all students to step into write, and WOW just professional reputation. disrepute in Canada. the arena of Ukrainian- EVERYTHING y'know. Yours truly, On the one hand we now have the Liberals more arrogant Canadian student activities and t think I like Student so David W. Lupul than ever, the Tories becoming desperate, and the NDP in discover what we do. Our ac- much because its like, really Edmonton, Alberta search of the holy grail. On the other hand is an increasingly- tivities range from A to Z, and heavy; like, to me its better than partisan press which seems to be forgetting its public not all have been explored; sex even. responsibilities. therefore you may find special As Always. Recently the Toronto Star refused to publish a column Don't mourn, interests in a certain activity Myron Hyrak written by Dalton Camp which criticized Trudeau for his lack which, by your involvement, Edmonton, Alberta of accountability and the Liberals in general for having Organize may benefit other students. P.S. Your paperboys are like developed no platform on which to wage their campaign. At The National Student Body REALLY rude, y'know? the same time some Alberta newspapers are so strongly pro- SUSK, and Ukrainian Student Tory that they are even slanting their letters columns to the clubs in Universities across Students. point that they are not an accurate reflection of public feeling. From a Student to Canada exist. Ask these student What we are seeing is partisanship to the point where It's all in groups for advice and support. how In the 1980s Ukrainian- newspapers refuse to consider the issues and act only by We all want, and should, work reflex. Some people may argue that this has been the case Canadian students must assert together. themselves. our traditionally with many newspapers. But, because it has been you look at it. We must show Telia n a supporters our commonly practiced does not justify its existence. In fact, and community -a concerned student from given the growing influence of newspapers and other media that we have goals which we will Toronto. and their consolidation of the market (with newspaper claims Dear Sirs: pursue. As students we should and monopolies in many cities), it represents a real danger to It is hardly flattering to the lobby potential candidates who the welfare of our society. journalistic standards of your can help us accomplish In the past and even in the present Student has been newspaper to find such ad successful campaigns. We Purge the accused of this sort of partisanship. And quite falsely. hominem ir relevancies as those should take a stand on issues Student is dedicated to the open discussion of issues and in the letter of J.B. Gregorovich such as the Moscow Olympics, Church problems in the Ukrainian-Canadian community, and published in the December to be held in the summer of expects this same attitude to prevail in Canadian society at 1979 issue of Student. 1980: and the Madrid Con- It For Mr. Gregorovich to will large. worries us tremendously that our probable prime- ference, which be held in When I was fourteen, the minister-to-be (Trudeau) is hiding behind a- smokescreen assert that the use of the word the fall of 1980. We must appeal Ukrainian Greek-Orthodox during the election campaign and that some newspapers are "fascist" is the sole prerogative to those who sit quietly and priest's wife told a small group so engaged in their partisan that of "sympathizers and observe struggles they forget that our actions. of young girls (of which I was they are a public trust. After all. we live here too. collaborators" with the Soviet It is time that we become part) that women who were A.M. regime displays an ignorance active and fulfill our campaigns menstruating were not allowed on his part of the meaning of the as best we can. We should not word "fascist" which is truly pursue radical policies, for we (Letters continued astonishing from a member of will only appeal to the minds of on the legal profession. sensationalists, and therefore, page 10 It is hard to believe that he defeat our purpose. The pur-

The only thing second' Vv-ETUDIANT class about STUDENT is STUDENT ts mail permit fivuan Student is a national monthly newspaper for Ukrainian-Canadian^ students, published by Kvas Publication Society, an independent collective of Ukrainian-Canadian students interested in developing their identity as Ukrainians in Canada.

Student is an open forum for tact and opinion, reflecting the interests SUBSCRIBE! ot Ukrainian-Canadian students on various topics — social cultural political and religious. — it you are a paid member ol any Ukrainian Students' Club (SUSK) in Canada, then you will be receiving Student The opinions and thoughts expressed in individual signed articles reguiarty. are the responsibility of their authors, and not necessarily those of — It you are not a member, then you stand to miss several the Student staff. Student's role is to serve as a medium through issues of Student this year. which discussion can be conducted on given issues from any point of view. DONT BE DISAPPOINTED! ACT NOWI SUBSCRIBE! Subscriptions are $5.00 per year Letters to the editor are welcome. We reserve the right to edit materials for publication. Or take ka;o years for only $9.00 Student is a member of Canadian University Press (CUP). Second Class Registration Number 4883.

Please address all correspondence to: Yet, I Student #206, 11751 -95 Street Edmonton, Alberta Please send $5.00 to: Canada T5G 1M1 Student

MJOBESS . STAFF: Darcia Antonlshka, Eileen Antonishka, Jars Balan, Myroslaw #206, 11751 - 95 Street Bodnaruk, Bohdan Chomiak. Mark Ferbey, Edmonton, Alberta Dmylro Jacuta, Zenon CITY Korolevlch, Dave Lupul, AndrlJ Makuch, Nestor Makuch, Joanne Canada T5G 1M1 Melnychuk, Peter Melnychuk, Calvin Melnyk, Roman OlekslJ, Dawn Shewchuk, Bohdan Somchyneky, Ivan Todosijchuk, Bohdan Za- jcew, Natalia Zymovelz POSTAL CODE .

Page 2: STUDENT, January 1980 New facilities nearing completion Halyna Perun St. Vladimirs Institute: Growing to meet the Eighties

Naked walls and untiled, (such as Tirst editions, rare ing that the community has in Canada." It has been a place Various dust covered floors rarely books, maps, and manuscripts), organizations been "responsive" but money is students possess beauty and charm; where from across within the community use St. paintings and artifacts. The not flowing in "as fast as the neither Canada, the United States and Vladimir Institute facilities for no electric wires, cables Institute tried to expand its building is going up." From Europe have had a chance to their meetings. or drilling machines. But when facilities to These include keep pace with September 1, 1979 to the pre- the walls are painted, the floors live a step away from the the Ukrainian Professional and community demands and the sent $60,000 have been raised; carpeted and the wires hidden University of Toronto but within Business Club, the Ukrainian abundance of material coming last year (September 1. 1978 to from sight then, indeed, the a uniquely Ukrainian environ- Professional and Business in. But, this was not enough. August 31, 1979) the amount ment which offers them a wide Federation, the Canadian In- finished rooms reflectthe beau- More space was needed. totaled $110,000. ty of the thought that inspired spectrum of cultural programs stitute of Ukrainian Studies Consequently, in 1976, the The Institute is a sovereign their creation. (choir, bandura, dancing, Foundation, the Ukrainian Institute purchased the building corporation affiliated with the ceramics, drama and art). It has Medical Association, the Ukrai- Within three weeks the new immediately south of it for Orthodox Church and the participated each year in nian Literary Association and St. Vladimir Institute Complex $300,000. A Wintario grant Ukrainian Self-Reliance League Toronto's Caravan, offering the others. The Institute has also will be completed as a concrete provided about half the of It Canada. has a board of city one of the highlights of the successfully drawn both theold manifestation of the energy and purchase money. A new con- directors elected by its 400 festive occasion — the Odessa with their senior citizens imagination present within the struction, planned by Edward members. Five "Pavilion. members of the It has provided con- "Heritage Club" and the young Ukrainian community. Its of- with the student-run "Club ficial opening, which for many 620," the Odessa Group and the will be the crowning of four Canadian Ukrainian Youth years of planning and hard Association. work, is scheduled for None of these activities will sometime in April. cease with the opening of the The complex is a gem set in new complex. In fact, the com- the heart of Toronto and sur- plex provides more space and rounded by the city's university better accomodation for all life.. It boasts an expansive aspects of community life. library with an archives section, Foreseeing further expansion, museum, art gallery, 300-seat the top floor of the new complex lecture and meeting hail, 250- will be reserved for future seat theatre, sound-proof requirements: for example, rehearsal studios for music there is a possibility that the U students, as well as study and of T Ukrainian Students' Club reading rooms. Its total cost, will have a permanent office including furnishings, equip- here. ment and accessories, has been St. Vladimir Institute has estimated at $650,000. stressed that it is a cultural and This list of facilities tends to educational organization, not a be a bit overwhelming, but so is political one. This emphasized the speed with which St. neutrality is perhaps why the Architectural Vladimir Institute hasexpanded model of the new St. Vladimir Institute Institute has received so much in less than two decades. In Galanyk. the architect who also board are elected one year and versational Ukrainian language support from Ukrainians. It is a 1963, the Institute opened as designed the Ivan Franko Old four the next, the tenth being courses, summer school neutral base within which the first centre of its kind in Aged Home in Toronto, and the vice president of the programs, teacher training and Ukrainians of any religious Eastern Canada: three other presided by John Chyczij, a students' council. Represen- seminars. persuasion or political institutes had already been in contractor, gradually filled the tatives from each of the four The library has been open background can work. the West for quite some time. In space between the two institutes across Canada meet to the public. Furthermore, the The new complex, with its June 1969 the Institute moved buildings and integrated them annually in what is called "Rada museum, with its fascinating maze of unfinished entrances from a renovated old house to a into one complex. Instytutiv." In this way, St. collection of Ukrainian and exits, can be frustratingly new building across the street. The funding for this new Vladimir maintains a vital tie headgear and costumes, is also confusing, but just think for an The new facilities were erected complex has relied very heavily with Saskatoon, Edmonton and open to the public. The latter is instant what it will look like on as a residence and meeting on private donations. Although Winnipeg, the sites of the Petro operated by the Ukrainian opening day: here the theatre place for students and a cultural a campaign for funds began Mohylo Institute, St. John's Museum of Canada under the and there the meeting hall, here and educational centre for the when the construction of the Institute and St. Andrew's auspices of the Ukrainian the library and there the whole community. complex got underway, the College respectively. Women's Association of museum — all inanimate, all The funding on which the $650,000 goal has not been A news bulletin notes that Canada. The Institute has been waiting, as the doors unlock, to institute for depended this pro- reached. William Kereliuk, the in the past "the Institute has also adorned by paintings of start breathing with the life- ject did not stop; nor did the executive director of St. contributed much to the preser- well-known Ukrainians — such giving voices of the people who donations of valuable book Vladimir said the Institute has vation and promotion of the as William Kurelek — and has have made the Institute such a collections, archival materials had to borrow money, explain- Ukrainian language and culture sponsored numerous art ex- vital centre thus far. Everything hibits. is clean; everything is new — a new start for a new decade. It is a pleasant thought. SUSK Presidents' Conference, 3 - 5 January 1980 Alex Tymofienko Montreal hosts Conference at Verhovyna

The Ukrainian Canadian been particularly active in Students' Union (SUSK) held its defense work and its members second conference of this stressed the need for a con- current executive's term in certed campaign in support of office at the Laurentian moun- Ukrainian dissidents prior to the tain resort area, Camp November. 1980 convocation of Verkhovyna during the first the Helsinki Review Conference week of January. The con- in Madrid, Spain. The consen- ference brought together sus of the club presidents was twenty-five students represen- that the Ukrainian Helsinki ting the Ukrainian student clubs Monitoring Group in the West (USCs) from eastern Canada, should be defended against as well as one western Cana- attacks on its credibility by its dian delegate representing the opponents, including those in University of Alberta USC. the Ukrainian community who The aim of the conference tried to pressure the Ukrainian was to continue the policy of Congress Committee of expanding channels of com- America into withdrawing its munication between the SUSK support of the Helsinki Group. National Executive and its Future activities of SUSK in member clubs. As in the the upcoming months also previous conference, held in include a major fundraismg Hamilton last November, a campaign, which has already travel subsidy was provided by netted nearly $2,000.00 in the SUSK to facilitate the atten- should go ahead as scheduled. the deliberations of the propos- dicated its desire to re-open last month, as well as a co- dance of delegates from across The booklet is to be completed ed Congress to be held in New communications with SUSK; ordinated effort to arouse stu- Canada. Unfortunately, the ma- before Ukrainian Students' York in June 1980. The consen- the Canadian students' par- dent support in favour of a jority of Western Canadian Month, this February. USCs will sus of the delegates was that a ticipation in the CeSUS Con- concerted attempt to reform the clubs failed to take advantage of be hosting various events dur- prerequisite to SUSK's par- gress remains problematical. undemocratic structure of Ihe the subsidization offer, and the ing this month to promote ticipation would be a clear In the area of human rights, Ukrainian Canadian Com- conference became dominated awareness of Ukrainian culture demonstration of good faith on the students' club presidents mittee. As well. SUSK President by the Eastern club presidents. within the Ukrainian communi- the part of the current CeSUS agreed to the proposal of ap- Dmytro Jacuta has recently Several concrete proposals ty and the Canadian public at Executive. Unfortunately, proaching Sviatoslav completed a cross-Canada were adopted by the con- large. SUSK has not even been of- Karavansky and his wife. Nina fund-raising tour which includ- ference. It was decided that The conference also dis- ficially notified of the dates for Strokata, to go on a speaking ed visits to various Ukrainian plans for the publication of a cussed relations with the Cen- the upcoming CeSUS Congress tour in order to publicize the student clubs. During his tour, booklet promoting Ukrainian tral Union of Ukrainian (as is required by the latter's activities of the Ukrainian the University of Regma USC Students' Weeks at a variety of Students (CeSUS), and constitution) and the CeSUS Helsinki Monitoring Group. The agreed to host the SUSK has Western Conference, to held campuses across Canada whether it would participate in Executive has scarcely in- University of Toronto club be 6 - 8 March, 1980.

STUDENT: January 1980, Page 3 Picket Against Lada Organised Danja Bojetchko A Whole LADA Protest. Ukraine. TORONTO. Thursday "Mykola Horbal is a Ukrainian Helsinki Group have five years' hard labour and two January 1980, at 2 pm. NOTE: A petition was member of the Ukrainain 10, Public already been convicted, on years' internal exile in 1971 released in for twenty-five individuals, in- by the Committee Group to Promote the Im- false charges, of 'anti-Soviet his political activities. If he is cluding members of the Com- Defense of Soviet Political plementation of the Helsinki agitation,' 'hooliganism,' convicted again, he will be sent mittee in Defense of Soviet Prisoners. Members of this Accords. Composed of Soviet 'parasitism,' homosexual to a prison camp, where he will Political Prisoners, committee gathered 65 Ukrainian citizens, the and Ukrai- relations (a crime in the USSR), perform such tasks as: members of the University of signatures, and sent this peti- nain Helsinki Group is the only and dealing in foreign currency. — producing LADA auto parts Toronto Ukrainian Students tion as a telegram to R.A. organized political movement Mykola Horbal is being brought — front suspensions and steer- Club gathered outside the ing wheels; LADA auto dealership at 76 — assembling electric motors Davenport Road to protest the it for the Rand Xerox Corpora- rape trial of Ukrainian musician car tion; It Mela Mykola Horbal. was on this a J — making Moscow Olympic day that Mykola Horbal was souvenirs — Misha the Olympic standing trial in a Soviet court in Bear, medals and badges. Kiev for his participation in the "We are demonstrating at human, rights movement. this LADA dealership to make The participants were the public aware of the most demonstrating at this LADA recent wave of persecution dealership to inform the public against the human-rights move- of the most recent wave of ment in Ukraine and to call persecution against human upon all people who defend rights movements in Ukraine. such rights in Canada and The demonstration was well elsewhere to come to the received by — aid of CBC and CFTO Mykola Horbal. TV. Both gave complete "The most effective way to coverage on the 1 1 o'clock defend Mykola Horbal at this News Thursday night. Also, on moment is to write a short the following day stories were letter or to send a telegram to the released in the Toronto Sun, Public Prosecutor of the USSR, and Toronto Star, along with R.A. Rudenko, expressing photographs. Protesters picket LADA con- cern for Horbal's fate, his right During the two hour picket, Rudenko, Procurator General struggling for democratic and before the Kyiv court today on a to an open trial and a lawyer of participants handed out leaflets of the USSR. The petition reads national rights in the Republic trumped-up charge of rape. his choice. A strong protest to pedestrians and drivers at the as follows: today. The Soviet authorities voiced by groups and in- busy intersection of Bay Street Horbal's real "crime," like that "Today, January 1 0, the are determined to silence this dividuals who and Davenport Road. Many cars of other Group members is that support Ukrainain musician Mykola and similar groups in Armenia, they democratic rights East and stopped to receive a leaflet, and prepared reports on the Horbal is standing trial in a Georgia, Lithuania, and West can prevent further harsh to read our signs of protest. State's violations of democratic Soviet court in Kyiv for his Moscow before the final con- persecution of the This active protest proved rights (free speech, education Ukrainian participation in the human- ference reviewing compliance Helsinki Group and to be very successful, and we in one's native language, trade other civil- rights movement. Horbal's trial with the Helsinki Accords rights campaigners in hope that further actions will be union rights, religious freedom, the is closed to the public, and he begins in Madrid, Spain, this USSR. taken by the public to put a stop the right to emigrate) and has been denied the lawyer of fall. "Write to these persecutions circulated them. to: R.A. Rudenko, in the his choice. "Nine members of the "Horbal was sentenced to Prokuratura SSSR, ul Pushkinskaya 15a, Moscow USSR." KGB cleans up for The 1980 SUSK WESTERN CONFERENCE Olympics CDSPP news service A conference focusing on Ukrainian developments Sources close to the Ukrai- historian Saskatchewan: 1930 - and socialist critic of Olympics draw near; they fear 1980 nian Helsinki Group, the the Soviet government's that dissident currents might organised human-rights move- nationalities policy, was use such an opportunity to - - ment in Ukraine, report that March 7 8 9, 1980 sentenced to seven years' hard publicise their fight for national three more Helsinki Group labour and five years' exile. On and civil rights. Similarly, University of members have been sentenced the Regina 17 December, Yuri Lytvyn was authorities are concerned by the Soviet courts to harsh sentenced to three years' hard about adverse publicity at the Administration and Humanities prison terms. The trial of a labour. This is BLDG. (ADHUM) the third prison final conference reviewing im- fourth member will take place in term for the 45-year-old human plementation of the Helsinki • Three days Kiev on 10 January. rights activist; his previous two of thought and discussion Accords, to be held in Madrid • Meet Ukrainian Mykola Horbal, a musician sentences total thirteen years' Student Club members from Winnipeg, Regina later this year. The sooner they Saskatoon, who was arrested on 24 October hard labour and three years' Edmonton, Calgary, Vancouver, and other cities silence these monitoring • and held at the KGB head- internal exile. A travel subsidy will be provided by SUSK groups, it seems to them, quarters on Volodymyrska the • For Agenda, Travel information, Soviet and East European better. Accomodation, Registration Street in Kiev will appear before authorities have contact: • been carrying The sentencing of Lytvyn, the court on 10 January on a out a systematic SUSK CONFERENCE drive to in- Eadzyo and Berdnyk brings the fabricated rape charge. Horbal timidate SUSK Department of public groups which number of Germanic Ukrainian Helsinki #206, 11751 - was sentenced in 1971 to five monitor their governments' 95 St. and Slavic Languages Group members in prison to years' hard labour and two EDMONTON, T5G 1M1 University compliance with the human nine. of Regina Four other members have 1 - 403 - 474-1002 years' internal exile for dis- rights clauses of Regina, Saskatchewan the Helsinki been forced into exile tributing an allegedly anti- in the Accords. Six members of West Petro Soviet poem (entitled: — Grigorenko Duma Charter 77, the civil rights Ballad). Petro Vins, Nina Strokata and movement in Czechoslovakia, Sviatoslav Karavansky. Five are A 20 December Reuters were recently imprisoned for presently under arrest and dispatch reported that Oles such activity. Groups in awaiting trial — Mykola Horbal, Berdnyk, renowned science- Romania, Poland, Georgia, Vasyl Striltsiv, a 50-year-old fiction writer and chairman of Lithuania, THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO Armenia and Russia schoolteacher, Yaroslav the Helsinki Group received a have Lesiv, also been singled out by a physical-education sentence of six instruc- UKRAINIAN STUDENTS CLUB years' hard . the political police. The labour and three tor, Petro Sichko, an electrician years' internal authorities will undoubtedly and his son Vasyl Sichko, a 23- presents the fantastic exile at a trial on 19 December in escalate this campaign of year-old student. Kiev. Yuri Badzyo, a 43-year-old repression as the Moscow CDSPP Launches Appeal for Horbal CDSPP news service A group in Toronto, the Alexander Yakovlev, demand Students'ka Committee in Defense an open trial. Lawyers Zabava of Soviet USSR Ambassador should Political Prisoners (CDSPP) request trial transcripts. nashym polem 285 Charlotte St., " zoru" Protests has issued a statement calling against the recent Ottawa, Ont. K1N 8L5 sentencing upon all supporters of Yuri Lytuyn, Yuri of the Badzyo Ukrainian Helsinki Group and Oles Berdnyk and Saturday, February 16, 1980 to R.A. Rudenko the send telegrams protesting detention of the Helsinki the Prokuratura SSSR, Group 8:00 p.m. fabricated charge of rape members noted above ul. Pushkinskaya 15a, could also be St. John's Hall against Horbal to the Soviet Moscow, included. Copies USSR. should be sent Embassy in Ottawa as well as to to the Letters to 2185 Stavebank Rd. the Editor the Chief Procurator's Office column. The CDSPP in The Committee in Defence Mlssissauga Moscow. The Committee would appreciate a copy of any has of Soviet Political Prisoners has demanded that the messages, for the purpose of Tickets: trials of the suggested that these messages $8.00 per person defendants be made open further publicity. to the should identify the prisoner $7.00 in advance public unlike previous trials of Nykola Horbal by his full name, dissidents. available at express concern over the Arka Queen Arka West Telegrams can be sent to: fabricated charge of rape, and Arka Mlssissauga

Page 4: STUDENT, January 1980 MEDIASCOPE Okhrym Holopupenko

This issue's MEDIASCOPE is the first in a new monthly series for Student. It is intended as a forum of analysis for news stories as they appear in the Ukrainian press. Excerpts from these articles • ."Movies were a lover, not a husband," reveals will often be included. Other issues as they pertain to the former Student editor Halya Kuchmij in an article her Ukrainian press, radio and television will about in the December/ also be dealt with in January MEDIASCOPE. issue of Cinema Canada magazine. Which is not to say that she is a fickle filmmaker or that she is only superficially committed to her directorial career: on the contrary, the York and U Last month's issue of Stu- sident for statements attributed 12- of T graduate has pursued her art with passion and determination, dent (December 1979) con- to him since his arrival in . two qualities North — — which are bound to take her a long way in the tained a CUP article analyzing American in April 1979. , The . sometimes cutthroat world of commercial filmmaking. Kuchmij the censorship of South Africa's final piece was another open — spent last year at Hollywood's prestigious and highly competitive student While this letter, , press. addressed to the "living , American Film Institute — "the people accepted — - are the creme de la scenario unfolds on the African icon," which appeared under creme" — is . and presently hard at work putting the finishing continent, discourage efforts to the caption Zamist feytetona , touches on her latest project, a $30,000 venture titled The the exercising of the basic (Instead of Parody) . We take the , Strongest Man in the World. The one-half hour documentary tells rights of freedom of speech and liberty of reprinting this letter in ,, the story of an Olha, Manitoba native named Michael Swystun who press are making themselves its entirety. : . among other things was the strong man for the Barnum & Bailey felt within our own Ukrainian - Circus in 1923. The film was recently bought by the NFB, yet community. , ". another indication that Halya's is rising fast star and that investors Ukrainske Zhyttla (Ukrai- ! are getting bullish about her future. Comments the doe-eyed nian Life), an independent „ " director of Srreefcar and Jacob Maydannyk: "I'm a Taurus, very semi-monthly publication bas- strong-willed, and there is is ', - , no way anyone going to drive me out. I ed in Chicago, in its issue of 1 don't . give up easily." With that kind of determination it's doubtful January, 1980 (vol. XXV, no. 25), „- . she'll be dismayed for very long by the fact that the typesetter published ". several articles which drunkenly slurred her name — it is misspelled in the article as met with the evident dis- Kushmij — and that the proofreaders failed ,, Perhaps tempers were flar- to pick up on the pleasure of certain elements in ing and the blood boiling after mistake. You'd almost think that they were the same people who ' . the Ukrainian 20 25 community. Of „ ", the appearance of said issue of work on Student .... the articles in question, the first ., - Ukrainske Zhyttia. On Tuesday was front page coverage of a 8 January 1 980 the newspaper's • By now a large number of Torontonians are aware that radio sensitive item. The Ukrainian , offices were broken into, ran- announcer Ted Woloshyn (see Student profile on him in the May Liberation Front (ULF) and - sacked, and a quantity of 1979 issue) is no longer beaming his blend of wit and Ukrainian affiliates which toe its line . papers and files set fire to. No charm over the Q-107 airwaves anymore: the KGB however, has convened a somewhat dubious ' reports of estimated damage learned why. It seems the wise-cracking DJ had the plug pulled on 20 . meeting of the National Council him — not to mention his car yanked from — „",,„". were available at press time, out under him after a of the Ukrainian Congress and the investigation of the long-simmering dispute over programming policy ended abruptly Committee of America, the , matter continues. with Wolshyn's appearance before a management firing squad. to Essentially it all boiled down to the owners wanting him to lean American answer KYK. Non- . - It's sad to think such an ULF associates were pointedly archaic act rationally con- heavier on the rock as part of their bid to reach a 15-22 year old , market, and Woloshyn saying 'no' felt his steadily excluded from this 15 , ceivable in this day and age. because he December meeting in New York , Unfortunately, the aforemen- growing audience didn't want to hear screaming guitars at eight in City. As Ukrainske Zhytlia . tioned tactics did not become the morning. For the moment the lanky and lantern-jawed reports, the session centred on — - extinct along with the Sluzhba comedian seems to be taking it all in his big stride as he updates his the slandering of Petro , Bezpeky. One can only hope portfolio, gets used to sleeping until noon again, and rediscovers Grigorenko, Western - that those responsible will the joys of walking and borrowing the family car. No doubt he is the ' consoled by the fact that the last ratings taken while he was at Representative of Ukrainian — - someday learn to respect the BBM Public GrouD to Promote the rights and privileges that the station showed that the number of his listeners was continuing implementation of the Helsinki - freedom of speech and press to climb and that his beloved "Comedy Bowl" was the most popular Accords, and of current World ... entail, and understand once show in its slot on Sunday evenings. Somehow we susoect we'll be - hearing more from Woloshyn in the not-too-distant future... Congress of Free Ukrainians , and for all that these rights and president Mykola Plaviuk. The , privileges are not the exclusive meeting, according to . property of any one political • It seems as if Dmytro Farkavec, the Czech-born Ukrainian artist Ukrainske Zhyttia, was reminis- , persuasion. Otherwise, they who emigrated to Canada in 1969, is about to lose his place in the — cent of the notorious Ukrainian „" become as farcical as the Guiness Book of World Records. Credited with having created the "... camp Republics of post-war - "paper constitution" of the smallest painting in the world, Farkavec's feat was recently Germany." , , Soviet Union. surpassed by an art teacher from Orillia, Ontario, who painted a The second item was an „" () The "living icon" once tour-colour landscape with hairs from a dog's tail on a canvas five people Guiness open letter to Valentyn Moroz . intimated that followers should times smaller than the head of a pin. As the at say — the record will now stand forever, "Farky," as he is affectionately from one R.D. of Florida. The , be out breaking windows. We friends, won't even a to shrink his talent letter chastized the former dis- — wonder .... known to his get chance ? any further. At the risk of sounding like a broken record, we'd like to remind Farkavec, who is presently touring the United States with tsymbatist Ted Harasymchuk, that records, after all, are made to be broken.

• The entire capital wasa buzzwith the news that the Ukrainians would be carolling the Governor-General's. And 30 of them showed BOOK REVIEWS up (ie. people, not groups). Very subtle, we must admit. Let's not Andrij Makuch show them that we are easily excitable! Hryhory Udod. Church of Canada, the Ukrai- Julian Slechishin: His Life nian Self-Reliance League, • Presidents' in Montreal ... the context of his times. We And then there was the Conference major in is Lupul and and Work. CYMK, etc.). The focus should not deify him and view "What is Vera doing? What Vera not doing?"..." What!! Saskatoon: Mohyla Institute, Udod's biography is upon his thoughts as an un- Danja engaged!! How can Oksana sleep through all this!!" 1 1 0.00 cloth, $5.00 ideas and his role 978. 18 pp. $1 Stechishin's questionable doctrine for the scholar, an • is still pressure from the Rhinos soft. as an educator, a present day — as Udod has Our own V. Koskovych under organizer, a publicist, a Ukrai- (last seen in their favourite, local watering hole, the Hotel Vega) to done. It is high time for the nian, a Canadian. In toto If he charges and crashes through, our main and kameniari to be out breaking run in Edmonton East. If history, it would these represent a very Clark ambassador to Disney World, to trade this were themes new ground instead of admiring man plans to make Joe relegated to the field of clear exposition of samostiinyk for Paul McCartney, and to introduce tough new be polished edifices. • David Suzuki biography. However, it is philosophy. This in itself is a austerity measures that would Replace the entire Canadian written overwhelmingly as a notable achievement and Olympic team with Steve Paproski, Minister of Amateur Sports and eulogy, so that we must regard perhaps the book's greatest Fitness. The only problem may be in getting the latter to compete in Editor Paul R. Magocsi. it as a hagiography, a life of a strength. the team and the women's events. But, where there's a will, there's a Experience in saint. And like most writing in However, Udod does not The Ukrainian way. Go get 'em, tiger! this genre, it is seriously flawed. put Stechishin's {the arch- the United States: A Sym- The most obvious short- samostiinyk) ideas into the posium. coming is the weak and uncon- context of their times. As a Cambridge, Massachusetts: vincing characterization. result, it seems that Udod is Harvard Ukrainian Research it before (Ukrainian) ly statistical — available have Stechishin is drawn as a two- preaching that these concepts Institute, 1979. 197 pp. $8.50 much of Ukrainians at dimensional cardboard figure are as relevant to us today as (Canadian) soft. national consciousness had put the American old country, a considerable disadvantage in dedicated to (and interested in) when they were first conceived. taken root in the social the settling of immigrants in studvinq their own society and only I he cause. No one will deny And he invokes the image of For various and centres their the Stechinshin's devotion to the Julian Stechinshin as the model historical reasons, Ukrainian- industrial and its history. In this light, narodna sprava, but to subor- of perfection to be emulated, American studies have not marginal impact upon and appearance of recognition by their lost socie- dinate his entire personality to it the physical incarnation of the reached the same level of The Ukrainian Experience in divisions within write not about the man samostiinyk ethic. awareness and sophistication ty, the deep the is to communi- the United States I counterparts. Ukrainian-American himself but about the cause he Now I should stress that as their Canadian assimilationist very real, albeit modest sttp represented. As Udod has done. have great respect for Julian The radically different ty, the stronger is a in American society forward. cause in this case is the Stechishin and the work he has demographic composition of forces The compilation Ukrainian-Canadian one, but done. However his day has the Ukrainian emigration to (especially if we view the latter The book is a at a sym- more specifically of the passed and many of his ideas America — especially of as a compact of people as of papers presented to the Canadian samostiinyk variety {i.e. the are already dated. We should marginally Ukrainian elements compared a model and from Carpatho-Rus, the earlier common allegiance model), ethical base of the Ukrainian take his integrity as ( continued on page 11) — especial- Autocephalous Orthodox try and understand his ideas in time of mass emigration and the type of data —

STUDENT: January 1980, Page 5 Multiculturalism or Minority Ri

This article has two major parts: first, I wish to plural, society Is the presumed end objective of the Even among those groups that wish to survive, not all critically evaluate multiculturalism as a political idea, multicultural policy. Programmes assume that our have equal numbers, concentration and personnel and alternative. Second, t wish to discuss a society is and will offer an be unicultural, that ethnicity is only a necessary to create and maintain programmes. limited number of issues in regard to the Quebec matter of individual psychology and that minority Nevertheless, governments' political philosophy on Government's paper on sovereignty-association called ethnicities will assimilate to majority ethnicities — the minority ethnic groups ought to start from the principle Quebec-Canada: A New Deal and offer some com- the only ethnicities recognized by public institutions. that groups survivability is a desiderata, instead of ments on the degree and manner of response ethnic Today, I wish to suggest that this is a false political assuming that groups are to assimilate. I will conclude groups might give to this issue. principle which unnecessarily limits ethnic groups' this comment by making a very concrete comparison. federal government policy development. Evolving government policy for minority When approved as a To date, multiculturalism has concerned itself basically eight multiculturalism groups on this basis, in the proven largely years ago (October 1971), was end, has to be with maintaining folkloric culture. This kind of superficial: today's multiculturalism little welcomed as a step forward for Canada's ethnic gives to programme originates with the assumption that groups ethnicgroups except groups. For the 27 per cent of the population of ethnic cosmetic programmes. For ethnic will totally assimilate. The alternative minority ethnic groups to achieve significant in their background other than French or British, for the two advances Cana- group rights perspective wants cultural sensitivity dian status, place million Canadians whose mother tongue is neither in society and cultural development, extended into new public (and private) policy areas and this principle of assimilation French nor English, multiculturalism was welcomed as; held by both governments institutions to reflect the principle of group per- must be shown false, it (1) An act of legitimation, mostly psy- to be to the degree that is so. manence in culture, social services, media, education, chological, of their kind of Canadianism; and recreation fields by means of legislation and multiculturalism was the expression of a new Canada is not unicultural constitutional guarantees. possibility: minority ethnic Canadians need not feel themselves to be third class citizens; In my view, there are at least four major reasons (2} The beginning of government Equality: A Principle of the Minority why Canada and Alberta are not, and cannot be, programmes that would support ethnic unicultural, much less uniethnic: these are all structural Ethnic Rights Movement groups in realizing some of their cultural aspects of the society we live in aspirations: thatmitigate against any simple assumption of ethnicity being 'individual, only I now wish to examine a second principle of (3) The first enunciation of political ideas minority psychological and voluntary. ethnic group rights which I believe has been about the rights of ethnic (as distinct from (1) The notion that Canada and Alberta have an neglected by the multicultural philosophy and the racial, sex, or handicapped) minority groups. unchangeable traditional Canadian culture to which government programmes emerging from it. The While progressive in its time as a first step, the principle other groups must inevitably assimilate is disproven by is equality. Despite old statements such as the initial political ideas defining multiculturalism today [Federal] the creation of the Metis as a people as a product of "Government will assist members of all are too constricting and outdated. To demonstrate this, Canadian conditions. As a people, they have originated cultural groups to overcome cultural barriers to full I will discuss two fundamental assumptions basic to the participation in here and are growing in strength rather than disappear- Canadian society," I suggest that "original kind of multiculturalism and offer an alternative ing. So, just as groups multiculturalism fails to build mobilization, to them. some can and do assimilate, and that it Canadian conditions often create new ethnic groups encourages political passivity fostering the myth that (ethnogenesis). The process of assimilation there can be cultural preservation without economic PART I theoretically and practically is not a unidirectional power. Conversely, multiculturalism incorrectly process. The assumption of assumes that as minority ethnic people lose Minority group rights vs. mul- assimilation is too narrow. their (2) Modern conditions — such as air travel, inter- cultural distinctiveness, they will be fairly treated in Canada and will ticulturalism national media and communication, trade, emigration eventually come to be represented in and return — often strengthen ethnic groups' develop- all of the structures — including financial, government ment, if and media elites — of Old definitions no longer suitable even a group is assimilating. Thus, the ethnic our country. This is an aspects of the Arab-Israeli conflicts and the Russifica- inadequate and false assumption about the nature of tion of Ukraine, as negative examples, or the Black our society. Let us examine the operative principles of two Power and Scottish nationalist movement as positive Despite Canada's and Alberta's human rights important documents that outline early — now out- examples, are today a clear factor strengthening guarantees, one should recognize that our society dated — political interpretations of multiculturalism: the is ethnicity of the Arab, Jewish, Black, structured on the basis of inherited wealth Pierre Elliott Trudeau's Ukrainian and and announcement of mul- privileged Scottish Canadians. In future, modern conditions will social groups. It is a fact that Canada is a ticulturalism to the House of Commons in October increasingly continue to relate events in vertical mosaic and that ethnic stratification in 1971, and "Position Paper No. 7 on Alberta's Cultural home coun- this tries to the process of ethnic survival in country parallels its class structure. Research done Heritage," which in the continued absence of any Canada, by thereby strengthening their professor John Porter policy from the Alberta Cabinet or legislation enlarging ethnicity. (1965) and replicated by (3) Many minoritv qroups have professor Wallace Clement (1975) and defining the role of the Alberta Heritage branch, demonstrated their have shown con- ability to survive independantly in clusively that the ruling elites of Canadian continues to serve as an outline of the multicultural Canada and un- society in the doubtedly will continue economy, civil service philosophy for Alberta's government. to do so (i.e., the Hutterites, and media are made up Mennonites, Doukhobours, and Jews). When majority disproportionately from Canadians of In both documents, the assumption is made Anglo-Canadian ethnic relations are being ethnicity. Historically, this has concerning ethnic groups that our society functions protected by law in Canada been the situation since there must also be laws recognizing the conquest of the French settlers only in response to the needs of individuals, and that and guaranteeing in 1763 and the rights of these groups to continue continues to be an aspect of Canadian relations between individuals are really only a matter of to survive and society today. benefit from the rights being given to Let their own voluntary individual psychology. Majority others. us imagine what the situation would be it tnere (4) Social, economic and political group ethnicity is to be reflected in societal institutions; conditions that are were no discrimination in the occupational structure of part of the structure of Canada society this assumption is not allowed for minority ethnicities. will continue to Canada. In such a situation one could be ethnf/cally exist in the future preventing any simple homogenous Indian and allowed to occupy the heights of civil service Prime Minister Trudeau said: (i.e., Americanized, Anglo-Canadian, urban) culture and government structures. Were such a situation ever "A policy of multiculturalism within a bilingual from becoming THE Canadian identity. These con- to exist, perhaps the condition of Natives in framework commends itself to Canada and the government as ditions include the following: Alberta would not be as catastrophic it is. the most suitable means of as But assuring the cultural (a) Canada will remain bi-national (even if because of Canada's class freedom of Canadians. Such and ethnic hierarchy, this a policy should help to Quebec becomes a break sovereign-associated has never occurred. Indeed not only have there never down-discriminating attitudes and cultural state). been Indians in Canada's economic elite, but this has jealousies, national unity, if it is to mean anything in (b) Reserve and Aboriginal Indian lands exist never occurred even the deeply personal sense, must be founded on when many Indians have under legal treaty rights. In these areas Indian successfully tried to confidence in one's pass as white men. own individual identity; out ot political identities will grow stronger as If one could be consciously Ukrainian Canadian this can grow respect for that of others and a Canadian society increasingly encroaches on and yet occupy some of the highest' decision-making willingness to share ideas, attitudes and assump- them. tions." finance positions, and seats on the boards of directors (c) Immigration must continue to allow of the media industry, perhaps the He then went on to define the limits ot his disappearance of government's Canada to maintain its standard of living. New Ukrainian-Canadian culture would not be as rapid it responsibility by reiterating: immigrants as will maintain the importance of the is. But such cases have never "I wish to emphasize the views of the government existed. Together with ethnic question. ethnic that a policy of multiculturalism backwardness, the fault for this lies in the within a bilingual (d) Racial and ethnic discrimination are structure of our society's framework is basically the conscious support of institutions. integral to the nature of our society. individual freedom Throughout Canadian history, minority ethnic of choice. We are free to be For these reasons, I take ourselves." exception to the political groups virtually have never been in possession of assumption held the by Governments of Canada and important positions in Canadian society, so as to create Thus, for Trudeau, ethnicity (referring basically to Alberta, mentioned earlier, that ethnicity is only a a climate favourable to themselves. (Multiculturalism minority groups) was defined to exist only at the level is of matter of voluntary individual but psychology and that the first step to this end.) Instead the myth is the individual, and only if individuals took voluntary minority ethnic groups' concerns can be satisfied with perpetrated that individuals with initiatives to protect their culture. Whenever group merit will rise to their token psychological cultural heritage full rights are programmes potential, and that the present assimilatory and mentioned — such as the legislated recogni- easing the assimilation of ethnic minorities. Though class character of our society is tion of official government bilingualism — this refers necessary and the most this or that group may get weaker (or, as beneficial to majority with the Metis of systems for ethnic, women's and racial only (English and French) ethnic groups. stronger!), the phenomena of minority ethnic groups in minorities. Let me give you Individuals from minority ethnic groups are free to two examples of research Canada and Alberta as a whole will not disappear which disproves this choose to ue themselves, in the view: but this does not apply to foreseeable future. (1 Clement has their group as a whole. Unlike the Anglo and French- ) shown that Canadian elites ethnically It is my view, therefore, that ethnic pluralism are disproportionately Canadians, the other ethnic groups are not equally is a Anglo-Canadian. Though permanent feature of our society. Ethnic Anglo-Canadians "free to be themselves." They must assume groups must were only 45 per cent of Canada's that sooner be consulted politically, must be recognized in- population in 1 972, 86 per cent of economic, 72 percent or later they will integrate into these majority cultural stitutionally and must be objectively understood of civil service and societies and eventually give their as 68 per cent of political elites were up ethnicities and being part of our society. disappear. Governments' policies must Anglo-Canadian. While other ethnics were 27 per cent begin from the perspective of desiring to protect of the population, Alberta's position paper No. 7 has a similar and they were 8 per cent of political. 6 per develop existing groups as a matter of cent of philosophy that is more explicit: principle economic and 5 per cent of civil service elites. instead of using multiculturalism as a "The Government recognizes legitimate way to (2) A recent study of the Order-in-Council also that every people try to ap- assimilate them. Once this operative principle pointments made has a characteristic culture of its own; and, of by the Government of Canada shows non-assimilability is acknowledged, public ultimately, many cultures, evolving together, program- that only 5-7 per cent go to individuals with minority ming for minority ethnic groups should produce a distinct new culture." proceed as it ethnic backgrounds. has for majority ethnic groups, especially Thus, a specific objective of thecultural in the social What conclusion should we draw from this heritage policy services, education, recreation, broadcastinq, con- research? Should we react negatively to existing stitutional guarantees, etc. "To unite us in singularstrength through understan- human and civil rights legislation as an inadequate The establishment of ding theoretical rights of course farce? The answer is no, in view. of our individual ethno-backgrounds: the are my A reversal from the made real by the practical needs and principle sharing of our cultural diversity and richness, and potential of of the equality of the individual towards some specific groups. These vary appreciation of our evolving identity." among minorities form of tribalism is not desirable. Instead everything nevertheless, their theoretical rights must be establish- possible must be done to make effective the civil rights The singular case of "identity" is used ed. Forexample, not all ethnic consistently in minority groups aspire to already codified:; more strenuous efforts must this document because survival, be made a singular, and not a culturally language rights or public social programmes to put them into practice.

Page 6: STUDENT, January 1980 Roman Petryshyn Rights, Which Way Forward?

Group rights are now required particularly since the First World War, has become government will undertake irrevocably multicultural and to put at the disposal of But the multiracial. Mul- ethnic communities principle of equality must not end with ticuituraHsm has arisen the facilities and cultural in- as a consequence of small but struments individual civil rights. Instead, they must be enlarged real, with which they will be able by ethnic power movement which had expressed to develop their the inclusion of the principle of group equality its heritage on their own." Although as well views at a time of political destabilization civil riahts will Individual rights will protected there is little to be enhanced If we recognize the These advances for ethnic indicate that the PQ are specific group recognition have prepared to needs of groups against whom discrimination occurred, not make minority group ethnicity a priority because of the altrufem of this or that has, and continues to be, practised. item substantially improving the position For example I government, but because of ethnics in suggest of a sense of grievance and Quebec. Ethnic the individual in Canada and Alberta gains inequality upon minorities would experience no which ethnic groups and their leaders change without penalty when the minority group category haye from the situation they are presently acted as a politically conscious interest experien- ' qrouo cing. As for wheelchair citizens" are given special consideration Without the Quebec's Liberals, until we see Mr Ryan's movement of the Quebecois to make position as a group In the construction of buildings and paper, there is little reason to assume that social Canadian governments attentive to ethnic minority he policies. When their and will be any more sympathetic to needs are met, their achievements national issues, and without ethnic minorities than the real mobilization of is Mr. Levesque. then enhance our lives. ethnic interests,, I assume that the process of assimila- As citizens, we all gained extension The PQ looks to bilateral negotiations with an of our tion previously being carried out by state Enqlish individual rights agencies (in Canada as a way of protecting when the Alberta Human Rights education, social services, English and French media) would have proceed- minorities. similar Commission in its study Occupational Segregation and ed with the A plan exists with respect to Indian same force as prior to the achievement of group. its Effects: A Study of Women in the Alberta Some Indian groups have commented Public multiculturaltsm. I suggest that scep- we bear this lesson in tically on these Service, recently reported the discrimination of women mtnd guarantees for them. To date no as a feature of the immediate past history as as a group in civil we mention has been made of other the service of Alberta. If affirmative discuss the fate of ethnic groups beino Quebec. subjects of action is taken to prevent and rectify discrimination bilateral negotiations between a sovereiqn of Quebec and y women, the freedoms of all the rest of Canada. citizens will be enhanced. I Its all in Second, the believe that a comparable study on minority ethnic how you look at it government of Quebec — along with Alberta and other provinces groups representation in Alberta would show under- — feels that Canada is To begin becoming an over-centralizing representation of ethnics, and over-representation of our discussion it is worth making two federation rather than a points decentralized Anglo-Canadians, in the elite positions of on the mannerthat ethnic groups in Anglophone confederation. Because of Quebec's Alberta's civil language service. (Perhaps Canada ought to approach this question. and nationhood, infringements its such a study could be commissioned First I think it on provin- very important for cial power are in effect a threat by the Alberta Heritage Council?) As is the case for minority ethnic group rights that greater to Quebec than democratic legal to other provinces. All women, and "wheelchair" citizens, such an inequality and processes be held up foremost in Quebec premiers, regardless of political would have to be corrected. approaching the question of Quebec's referendum on party, have expressed this view Ottawa's sovereignty. central powers since 1867 The evidence already in suggests that affirmative Unlike the activities of the FLQ the Parti have grown with crises ( e Quebecois {PQ) depression, war), allocation of new action programmes are needed to equalize ethnic has always proceeded legally in its powers ( e cable activities for self-determination. television) to the central rather than provincial group representation in the occupational structure of Indeed it has been the govern- RCMP the Federal ment and with greater taxation by the Canada in line with the percentage of ethnics in the government's police force which central govern-3 has acted ment. work force. Institutional discrimination perpetuates the illegally, stealing PQ records in order to struggle In my view, centralization has effect of past discrimination and maintains ethnic against Quebec's independence. The had both good and willingness to act legally, bad qualities for Canadian ethnic minorities. inequality. Affirmative action programmes are needed in my view, is indicative of the Since it is fact that true that many ethnic groups are to overcome this ethnic and racial discrimination. Thus, there is clearly a large portion of Quebec's concentrated in population — certainly certain regions, provinces are potentially the struggle for "equality ofgroups " is a principle which from 20-50 per cent — who feel a more an historic flexible instrument for answering their extends, not minimizes, the principle of individual injustice that has provoked them to support real needs Yet the nationalist provinces often lag behind national rights. Group rights enhance, not encroach upon, the movement. The primary task of governments in innovation, particularly rights of individual citizens. Canadians is to remove the injustices on which basis in social policy which is critical to ethnic the movement was created; the symptoms minorities. Third, the presence of two Summarizing first (nationalism), which are their results, are only levels of government in this section, I believe it is secon- dary, Canadians Quebec with heavy federal intervention in necessary to recognize that multiculturalism, as a must maintain legal procedures and labour relations, municipal affairs, natural psychological cultural heritage programme, though negotiate on the basis of mutual respect. Any talk of resources and the use of military culture, had led toa duplication of government services innovative a decade ago, today is an inadequate intervention, economic sanctions political blackmail, which is inefficient and bureaucratized. expression of the concerns of minority ethnic groups in must be resisted. These are not elements of There is little ethnic groups can about Alberta and Canada. Today, ethnic groups are develop- Canadian political culture and should not do this, except perhaps in ing be supported. their own locales by ensuring public new political aspirations, by which they define communication Second, it is and accountability from civil servants themselves. And this is the way they want to see very important that the Canadian people and elected officials. Certainly ethnic groups government ethnic programmes defined. Ethnicity — including ethnic communities — in- should is aspire to running their own not dependently come to understand the issues at community affairs more only as individual, but is also a group phenomena; it stake. openly, rejuvenating their leaderships and having is not only psychological, Community groups should use the resources of a but is also economic, social critical attitude with regard university, governments and political to government programmes and political. Though aspects of ethnicity are volun- parties (including (which those from Quebec) to can never be supplaunted by well-intentioned tary, ethnic pluralism is also begin to understand the issues a result of Canada's amateur ethnic volunteer groups.) involuntary class and develop a reasonable independent response. and ethnic stratification system. Finally, the Quebec Certainly ethnic communities must resist government feels that it I have suggested that this new political definition the rise of requires independence so that it can structure irresponsible chauvinism and ethnocentrism in its own be termed minority ethnic group rights. It supercedes Anglo- economy according to local needs, on a north-south Canada against the French. This is in the direct interest multiculturalism without negating it. Two ideas are axis rather than east-west national basis that, of ethnic groups. If the public mood in future to date, it basic to ethnic rights: (1) the philosophy of minority months feels becomes intolerant has cheated the Quebec economy. For example, group rights assume that of the issues in Quebec, it will ethnic groups are a perma- federal policies for the development nent simultaneously become hostile to the ethnic and of steel, railway — not disappearing — feature of Alberta and and car industries have language concerns of other favoured Ontario over Quebec. Canada, and as such, must be institutionally recogniz- minorities. To this end I A number of the four big injustices spoken in think it important to let our own provincial about ed; (2) programmes oriented toward the equality of government the White know that discussions Paper by Quebec are problems common to groups are an important extension of the of must be constructive, and that principle other regions of Canada. In however, ethnic groups want these issues to involve the entire Quebec, these the quality of individual citizens. inadequacies are compounded public. Ethnic groups are for opening up negotiations by ethnic differences Minority ethnic group rights are the first priority of between Francophone Quebecers and and not restricting discussions to premiers and prime Anglophones Canadian ethnic groups, particularly in the debate which have given ministers, where ethnic representatives rise to a Quebecois nationality — a between Anglo and French Canadians, Let us bear this are noticeably distinct historical people. This is not true for ethnic in absent, even as observers. It is important that our mind as we now turn to the issue of the movement for minorities. In political most respects, there is little in common sovereignty in leaders be given to understand that not Quebec. between the PQ plan for the future the everyone in western Canada dismisses Quebecers and needs of ethnic groups. perceptions of their injustices. Public meetings held on PART II Sovereign nationality is precisely the this issue, perhaps by the Alberta Cultural Heritage political identity that Canada's federal government reserves for - Council, could be an effective way of achieving this SOVEREIGNTY ASSOCIATION itself. The objective. Quebec government has espoused AND THE ETHNICS sovereignty-association in the absence of any other practical solution. For example, none of the com- sovereignty - Why association? missions set up to examine this problem since the In the historical debate between Anglo and French Second World War (Rowell-Sirois, Tremblay, Canadians on the structure of Canadian society and What, then, are the issues as put forward by the Laurendeau-Dunton, -Robarts, or Premiers' policies of its governments, the viewpoints of the two in government Quebec and in what areas do questions conferences) have been successful. Quebec has antagonists have most been clear in times of crises: the of minority ethnic rights interact with these positions? proposed that it become independent, control its own Rebellion of 1837, the Act of Union of 1840, the issue of My reading of Quebec Canada: A Deal leads New taxation, laws, territory and citizenship, It proposes to Louis Riel, the conscription crises of both World Wars, me to identify four political questions that form the core continue to use the Canadian dollar, allow goods to the elimination of constitutional languages rights in reasons why the Quebec government wants circulate without customs, allow free flow of people and Manitoba and the current situation of relative economic "sovereignty-association". In general ethnic groups cooperate with Canada in bilateral negotiations. underdevelopment in Quebec and other non-central have little direct interest in or ability to solve these regions of Canada. problems. In The role of minority this debate which has gone on for 200 years First, there is the problem of the continuing relative ethnic groups between Anglo and French Canadians, the voice of the diminishment of Quebec's political power in the What positions, "other" Canadians (those non-British, non-French Federal system. In 1840, French-speaking Lower then, should the minority ethnic group descent and culture) has been most articulate during Canada had an equal number of parliamentary movement take on this question? the issue recent crises — evidence, perhaps, of the Canadian representatives as did Upper Canada. After confedera- The of the referendum will be decided solely status of these formerly immigrant groups. The tion, with one-third of the population, Quebec became by Quebecers and not by groups in other provinces. participation Minority groups in must of "ethnics" in the great debate of the one province in four, had 65 of 181 seats in parliament. Quebec ensure their voices are heard and respected. Ethnic 1960s and 1970s has resulted in policies of mul- Today Quebec is one province among ten and two minorities on the other provinces must help them in ticulturalism at both the federal and provincial govern- territories, with 75 of 282 seats. Realistically within a the defence of their ethno- levels. cultural interests. Ethnic groups in ment By speaking up forcefully, by expressing generation, Quebec will hold only 25 per cent of seats in Anglophone their concerns and interests, ethnic spokesmen have at Parliament. Canada must participate actively in this debate. However, we must least achieved legitimation of some of their concerns Sovereignty would define the people of Quebec as be particularly mindful of any attempt, and interests through government policies and a nation-state which then would enter into association as a backlash against the Quebecois, to limit the minority rights programmes. For ethnics this has been an important with Canada on a political basis of one-to-one equality, movement in English Canada. For lesson in politics. in perpetuity. Ethnic groups can do little to alter this I think that the policy of multiculturalism was structural situation accepted because it had two functions: (1) it provided Should independence arise, in my view, this would an ideology to counterthe philosophy of independence its mean that Quebec would treat ethnic minorities in its (Petryshyn continued on page 11) put forward by the Quebecois; and, (2) answered the own way without the influence of federal policies. To real needs of great sections of Canadian society, which this end the White Paper says that "the Quebec

STUDENT: January 1980, Page 7 a column of music review by Bohdan Zajcew George Krywolap: Five Poems , : . , ",",, "". ,

Ret Sends Ya of a Pot of Gold ... ? A Rainbow in Search ","., VESELKA . Veselka YFP 1011 , $7.98 .

1) Choven 2) Dumky 3) Kamin' sontsia //. 979 . 4) Kolo vikon tvoikh 5) Yarema

1) Ked' my pryishla karta 2) Try porady Those Who Stand Alone 3) Tebe kokhaiu Khyvylyna v mynulim 4) 1 2 Zustrich sel'chaniv for Una Kostenko and Leonid Piyushch Vichna dumka

Andrij Czetny: vocals, accordian, keyboards, xylophone; Those who stand alone stand counted Ihor Zovtonizka: vocals, lead By the nights which sleep without them and & rhythm guitars; The tired days which yawn their praise. Roman Budny: vocals, bass guitar Roman Kolanitch: vocals, drums, Children bend their heads in reverence and contemplation percussion: On the way to warm and pleasant holidays.

Montreal — known for the Canadiens, the Alouettes, the Those who stand alone stand counted Expos, the Olympics, Expo '67, and ... contemporary Ukrainian music. Having turned out the likes of Rushnychok. Syny Stepiw, For the truth between their teeth and Zoria, Vecherinyj Dzvin and Samotsvit over the last decade, The twisted tongues which spit them out in lines. Montreal has garnered itself the well-deserved reputation of being We had heard the words, those words which arked our foreheads the center of the Ukrainian music scene in Canada, if not North Before they threw their throats against the rock. America. These bands have come to typify the "Montreal Ukrainian sound," and pursuing that steeped tradition is Quebec's latest Those who stood alone lie counted claim to fame: Veselka. By the naked hands which pile them in graves. A group of relatively young musicians, Veselka placed itself in Men move frozen over bright, white tundras, the usually-capable hands of producer Bohdan Tymyc for its first studio sessions and ensuing album. The result is predictable — a Or lumber down yellow tilled corridors, constrained. well-paced album of Ukrainian dance music performed by an above-average Ukrainian dance band, with attempts at lush And all I offer is the hollow crush of my own sound. production and innovation generally falling short of the mark.

Producer Tymyc's influence pervades Veselka's album, from 1 L.K. was the leading Ukrainian poetess of the (ale 1950s and early 60s. 2 the use of sound effects and tracks of recorded narodnia muzyka to LP. is a Ukrainian dissident currently living in Paris. beef up the material, to the occasional overkill of certain percussion effects. The songs are by and large Veselka's interpretations of Ukrainian pop standards and folk medleys, the latter disguised via a series of new titles. While the album presents a pleasant mix of polka/kolomeyka and waltz rhythms, there is little to show in the way of innovation. Veselka does attempt to take on Vizerunky Shllakhtv's jazz/blues classic "Kamin sontsia," but even the addition of sound effects leaves the listener with a preference 1 for the drive and spontaneity of the original rendition. Veselka's only foray into the realm of creativity comes in the song "Ked my pryishla karta," featuring the band's own music set to ? the words of an old Lemko folk tune. Intended as a showpiece for Ihor Zovtonizhka's lead guitar work, and centred on a simple but 20- effective four blues progression, ? chord the song works well despite the lack of imagination displayed in the use of overdubs. The idea , , of employing at least three guitar tracks is fine, but when going to those lengths one should consider the additional use of fuzz and phasing effects in order ? to achieve the optimum degree of refinement. Lack of solid depth and rhythm is Veselka's most obvious flaw. With production technique washing out Roman Budny's bass guitar work and Roman Kolanitch's over-reliance on the snare , drum, Veselka's music is left virtually bottomless; the lower , . registers are either muddy or non-existent. From this point stem . further difficulties. Andrij Czerny's keyboard abilities seem held in . check through both arrangements and production. Whenever one his talent , senses on the synthesizers about to break loose, it is suddenly stymied and relegated again to the background. Only . with the very pleasant touch of French accordian stylings in the songs "Kolo vikon tvoikh" and "Tebe kokhaiu" does Czerny get a to shine. chance George Krywolap. 21, is a student Veselka's vocal work is if clear, at times strained. Its harmonies at the University of Maryland Baltimore on the song ' "larema" are indicative of what the group is vocally County. A member of the UMBC capable of. Further evidence is in . found the mellow harmonies of Political Economy Club, he has long "Try porady." Meanwhile, the album cover, with its washed-out been active in the Association of pastel colours, conveys a sense of passivity, not at all represen- tative of Veselka's overall approach to its music. American Youth of Ukrainian Descent While nowhere near spectacular, Veselka's first album shows ( ODUM) and is also an avid fencer. His promise. Given the group opens itself up to creative outside articles and poems have appeared in a influences and chances a digression from the "Montreal Ukrainian number of publications, but this marks sound," Veselka will go a long way in the eighties. Here's looking his debut in Student. forward to the next one ... On the Ret Sends Ya 4 Star . Rating Scale: , Veselka "* , scores 1/2. ? RANDOM NOTES::: Winnipegers will get another chance to check 5 out Veselka for themselves when the band travels to the Keystone Province to take part in Ukrainian Week festivities in early February. Judging from the last go-round during Folklorama 79, Winnipeg shows signs of becoming a home away from home for Veselka ... Sudbury's Cano recently released afollow-upto its solid . Eclipse effort which garnered the group a large Ukrainian following, thanks to violinist Vasyl' Kohut's brilliant arrangement of Maiboroda's "Rushnychok". Entitled Rendezvous, the new produc- . tion contains no further forays into the realm of Ukrainian music and the majority of tracks are sung in English, which may

disappoint Cano s French and Ukrainian fans alike ...

(Ret Sends Yu . continued on page 9) 8. 1979 . Page 8: STUDENT, January 1980 Film Critique: px**** Skolimowskis: The Sound and the Fury

For the last thirty years breakthrough knife in the the North America. This critic ap- talented Eastern Water. European proached The Shout with mixed director has been Conveniently faced with a enough, the sentiments: as one whose painful dilemma: director whether to at hand, Jerzy enthusiasm for the remain Polish within his . Skolimowski, own country also has as his cinema is somewhat tempered and work around the beginnings Knife in the Water. artistic by his extreme distrust of ar- hinderances of social realism (he wrote the screenplay) Since tistic awards. . Teaching Children and/or state then he has Positive Attitudes Toward Ukrainian Dance censorship; or to directed a number The Shout's central leave his people of his own films, for the greener among them Le character is Charles Crosley pastures and (ostensible) ar- Depart and Deep End. Ukrainian dance has established itself as the most popular (Alan Bates), an inmate at a tistic freedom Skolimowski remaining art form of our culture in Canada. It is fast, of the west. The has chosen a path Devonshire insane asylum. He exciting, Polish cinema that lies somewhere requires no knowledge of the Ukrainian language, and is most provides the between begins to tell a visitor the story .often taught with but a basic knowledge of Ukrainian example of Andrej Wajda, who those of Wajda and Polanski: of "a dance itself It man who had a wife who provides, has followed the former path, though he refuses to with little intellectual or spiritual effort, an easy means of risk his loved him ... a rare and Roman Polanski, artistic integrity marketing'Ukrainian identity to the masses of Ukrainian and other who has in the phenomenon, wouldn't you chosen the Hollywood blastfurnace, Canadians. latter. Wajda he has say?" We then retreat to a story remains probably the greatest left Poland for Consequently, thousands of children are taking Ukrainian London, albeit, within a story: the film presents East European he says, temporarily. dancing, wherever there are available enough children, a parish or director, despite His first us with Antony (John Hurt) an restrictions; his countryman movie in five years, community hall, and a teacher. Obtaining a teacher is the most The Shout, avant-garde musician, and his Polanski, difficult problem for Ukrainian dance schools, as there just are not despite infrequent has attracted considerable yet loving wife. Rachel (Susan- enough qualified success {e.g. Chinatown), has attention (Special Jury Prize, teachers available from the major Ukrainian nah York). But Antony is secret- yet to approach 1979 dance companies to accomodate all the existing and potential his initial Cannes Film Festival) and ly having an affair. Reenter the schools across the country. Tiny communities far from the cities (Polish-made) artistic has recently been released in frighteningly intense Crosley, attempt to lure teachers with offers of twenty dollars plus per hour who attempts to engage Antony of teaching, in addition to covering all transportation and in a theological discussion after accomodation costs (even if air travel is a church sermon. Antony required). This dance craze is not. I hope, a fad. Indeed, the schools still declines and rides off to meet seem to be multiplying in number. The general level of dancing his mistress, only to return among the pupils is rising as a result of the increasing influence of home and find the strange man, ballet and other dance forms upon Ukrainian folk dance. Crosley, waiting on his , I fear the future, however. Accompanying the physical growth ? doorstep. Crosley invites of the art must come a change in attitude — the participation of himself for dinner, then to stay intellect, spirit, and even morality. The questions "Why are we for a few nights. He proceeds ? to teaching kids Ukrainian is , , dance?" and "What the future of tell his hosts of his eighteen Ukrainian dance?" must be asked again. They are important years in the Australian outback, questions, and are closely related to one another. Teaching kids the training in aboriginal — Ukrainian dancing simply because it is the easiest and most sorcery he received, and the enjoyable manner of "being Ukrainian" is no longer a good enough terrifying . shout he can perform rationale. Our culture requires greater , depth of intellect and spirit — a shout that instantly kills all than that illustrated, for example, in this imaginary scene from in proximity. Ukrainian dancing day in Ukrainiantown, Canada: . Antony, understandably The car screeches to a halt in front of the church after a skeptical, asks for and receives harrowing left-hand turn. The mother shouts at her child, "Will you "." a demonstration — although , he stop complaining and get out of the car? Hurry up! You're late!" takes the fortunate precaution mother sighs, The "Oh, thank God she's out of the way. Now. I of plugging his ears with wax can ..." , think. Let's see ... first stop — Woolco . thus protected, the shout leaves child hall The runs into the and hurriedly throws off her coat. him in bed, ill and extremely She is bent over putting on her slippers when the teacher notices . shaken for a day, rather than her. as deceased the unfortunately "You're late! Again! We start this class at 5:30 sharp. Next time proximate shepherd. you're late I'll make you do 15 minutes straight of plain step!" Here begins . the struggle Class over, the child runs out to the car waiting for her. The for Rachel. Crosley appears , to door is already open, and her father shouts, "Will you hurry up? , ... want to punish Antony for one Why did your teacher keep you overtime? Dammit! Put on your or of the following: more his seatbelt, because we're gonna havta fly now..." (the letter's) hypocrisy concer- Both the parents and teacher in this all-too-common scene of ?! ning a) Christianity and/or b) Ukrainian life in Canada treat Ukrainian dancing as but a cute and ! marriage, and for his cynicism , somewhat interesting hobby, but nothing to get too involved in. It is ! regarding aboriginal magic, a babysitting service for the parents, an ego trip for the teacher, and and/or the , emptiness of the a source of guilt and anxiety for the child. How will such scenes music he creates. Crosley puts encourage the child to become excited and enthused about . an aboriginal spell on Rachel Ukrainian , dancing lessons? and she succumbs to him. This Before being able to teach children positive attitudes towards — adversity, . however is handled Ukrainian dance, parents and teachers must first realize the well by Antony: by eavesdrop- ,, ? importance of the phenomenon. They must realize that there is far ping and acting wisely he more involved here than teaching some physical coordination and ? defeats Crosley metaphysically appreciation Ukrainian culture, or ... some of seeing the child looking (shattering the man's soul) and "oh, so cute" on stage. Ukrainian dancing is cute only to a certain legally (ultimately Crosley is , degree. Beyond that point, it might prove to be an important institutionalized). ... contribution to Canadian and world culture. If Ukrainians so , The film returns to the desire, their dancing can grow to rate in importance with ballet, ( asylum (as it has done jazz, modern or tap dance. Certainly, jazz or classical ballet area ) periodically) where Crosley, in easier in that they require no sense of ethnic "otherness" in an ... the midst of a thunderstorm and "roots", . aggressively WASPish society. Ethnic dance implies which the chaos it creates at the implies a feeling for and a knowledge of the past, as well as a belief asylum, is incited to the shout. ! in the future. Every form of dance art is executed best when it is He does so and kills the head danced with the soul, communicating a mesage of the past and , doctor, effort but the exhausts present for the present and future. Ukrainian dance is no different. " '!" his own life. Ukrainian dance is a contemporary social reality worthy of still I have summarized the plot, ! greater attention than we already afford it. It is an art with folk roots attempting to retain the film's in anotner time and almost in another culture, but it is an art which multiplicity of thematic implica- has only begun to flourish. It requires today's young adults — the tion. Reduced further the plot parents and teachers — to develop their own positive attitudes of may seem quite familiar — ,, confidence and belief in the important value of Ukrainian dance in ? simply another variation on the Canada. Only then can they teach these attitudes to their children. horror convention. Seen only once, the complex narrative »••«•••••« 1979 Ret Sends Yq S. . structure may baffle some. But, (continued from page 8) (Shout continued on COLLECTABLES::: If ever rummaging through delete bins of page 11) Ukrainian records, keep an eye open for Ouliana Tchaikiwska s Our Fathers enchanting Ouliana album (Stereophonic CKW 1001) This 1973 production features the strong expressive vocals of Parisian-born Ms. Tchaikiwska, melodic fully-orchestrated accompaniment, and By the bookshelves things look grim. a host of original Ukrainian pop ballads (estradni pism} co-written Taunting their dry eyes, blinking at the volumes, by Franco-Ukrainian composer Marian Kouzan and poet Bohdan Ouliana makes a Drawing letters with a slanted finger through the dust; Bojczuk. A classic candle-light and wine album, addition any collection. Our fathers lean against the glass and talk to us. nice to ON THE SOUNDSCAPE::: Wondering how to build up your Our minds eaten by their dogs. were collection of well-recorded Ukrainian narodni pisni performed by We sewed the shreds into a rag. established Ukrainian choirs, instrumental ensembles, and They used it to wipe their feet. soloists? Monitor Records has produced a series of excellent Your fathers lay impatiently, anonymous in sleep. albums featuring the likes of the Ukrainian State Bandurist Ensemble, the Transcarpathian Chorus and Orchestra, the Dumka of Folk Instruments, Ivan Our women ate the soil, swept the cities Chorus, the Ukrainian Radio Orchestra bonus is that most songs Hid from the police. Kozlovsky, Boris Hmirya, etc. An added their translated form on the backs of the album The snow melts slowly over bodies lying in the fields. are reprinted in jackets. Further information can be obtained by writing to: Your mothers trembled in the evenings and buried us in spring. MONITOR RECORDS 156 5th Avenue Our fathers fed the rats and Tilled the slums. New York, New York 10010 Our fathers cradled me in their arms. Our fathers' names are lost and mispronounced. NEXT ISSUE::: Ret Sends Ya takes on New York's Iskra, dusts off Our fathers lean against the glass and talk to us. the Sal Defeo Swing Sextet, and unravels that confusing Melodiya Records' labelling code. STUDENT: January 1980, Page 9 Student Letters (continued from page 2)

to take pari in the ritual of Press Fund kissing the cross and receiving (contributions this month) the holy bread.

I can still feel the angerthat 3TUOeNT^KE swelled inside me. That anger $50 Ehor Kucharyshyn ZHYTTtA grew as I discovered how filled with hatred the people in the $27 N. Makhno church community were. TORONTO: The U of T USC Christmas party was a wild time Hatred for Jews, for blacks, for $21 M.J. Spolsky & I.C. Welhash for most club members. One unnamed, overly zealous, would-be Poles, for Russians. The com- participant managed to ditch her car en route to the party — "I munity was filled with such a Kuplowska — it $15 Olha thought I could make it", but a single phone call to the prez strong self-love that could not "Mikey. don't be mad ..." — and all was well once again. be distinguished from $11.11 Dr. Med. Jerry R. Hordinsky Entertainment was provided by three "bandurysty", one of whom is chauvinism. none other than multi-talented Ludmila Shanta, club secretary, I, like you, rejected $10 Rev. D. Hnat who, between bandura string picking, and telephone dialing, Ukrainianism.

claims she never gets a chance to manicure her nails anymore. B.B. I, like you, became a Hawrylyshyn $8 Bohdan (keeping a low profile) was his usual subversive self, disseminating feminist,

$6 Jaroslav Mykytiuk articles on the nexus of Culture and Politics, handing out PC Party I went away to university and refusing to pose in pictures for fear of RCMP and decided to give $5 Greg Michalenko Myroslav Yurkevich flyers, documentation. Stimulating conversation was provided by the Ukrainianism another try. I was Harry Mekitiak George Krywolap latest USC pseudo-activist to rise from rank and file pacifism to cautious and only allowed SI Roman Poluha O. Smerechuk core radicalism, Marty Chepesiuk ("nazdorovlia"!). who capitalized myself small doses. I studied on circumstances (unsuspecting females) to expose OHIP as a the Ukrainian language. I joined Student Send all contributions to communist plot. the Ukrainian Student's Club 11761 - 95 street Eetnonton, Altai* M) OH The next day (life must go on, Virginia) five courageous USC- and found some interesting ites braved the wind and drizzle during Ski Day at Blue Mountain young people.

(Albertans read "bump") decked out in the latest St. Moritzski garb I make pysanky and give

— green garbage bags. them to my friends because I ALBERTA FUEL OIL On the serious side of things, last month five club members enjoy the intricate artwork. I partook in the SUSK President's Conference in Montreal, and a think about pagans when I do successful koliada effort was carried out during rizdvo. Next on the pysanky. Many of their beliefs agenda for U of T USC is Ukrainian Week, for which plans are being seem more logical than those of coordinated by Michael Gedz, chairman of the Ukrainian Week Christianity.

278 BATHURST ST. Committee and newly appointed "best dressed evolutionary on 1 did not go to church. campus", by the prestigious and influential Oblzhnyk editorial As feminists, Ukrainian TORONTO, ONTARIO board. women (and indeed, all women) must reject the established M5T 2S3 church(es). It does no good to change little rules and allow 362-3224 SUDBURY: The Ukrainian students at Laurentian are alive and women to kiss the cross even in.* well, contrary to the (mistaken) report given last month's though they be menstruating. It Student. Accept our humble apologies and we hope you enjoy this does no good to allow women in issue of Student more than the last one. the priesthood. (Catholics take note.) The church is a patriarchal UKRAINIAN (Toronto) CREDIT UNION LTD. hierarchy based on the power that men hold over women. Once women attain equal status with men in the church, the hierarchy crumbles. The women who are fighting in the church for equal status are unwittingly seeking At your credit union the collapse of the church. They would do better to reject it and bring the whole thing down at once rather than chip away at it YOU come first! from inside. Can ethnic feminists Phone: 364-5036 accept that the church is a Interest calculated daily major oppressor of women? FIRCHUK TEXTILES LTD. Can they accept that they will Paid Monthly Parcels to Europe be rejected by their "traditional" Ukrainian community? 658 Queen Street West, Are ethnic feminists work- Compare with any bank! Toronto, Ontario, M6J 1E5 ing within the community, with

Helping you and your family b what we're all about. the young people to show them that culture can be preserved We offer complete service: HAMILTON BRANCH Phone: 549-2005 without the bullshit of in- stitutions like the church? Can 293 Ottawa Street N., Hamilton, Ont. L8H 3Z8 we preserve the culture without SI bona, (or nth » dep.,.: entangling ourselves in and •F>« lift ud Unbolt, Injures •KlRTtaquint -lib no II perpetuating their anti-woman origins? And how can ethnic Thrrr /ur ft feminists work with young peo- ple in the community without becoming part of the church? Are they creating their own FROLICK, FROLICK & FROLICK communities? Barristers & Solicitors Myrna, I don't quite unders- tand. You've left out so many Stanley Frolick, Vernon Frolick, B.A. W. Q.C. answers to so many questions. You have come full circle in your search for indentity. You Larry Frolick, B.A., SIPCO OIL LTD L.L.B. are, you say, an ethnic feminist. But, I'm not sure I want to be one. 80 Richmond St. W. Toronto, Canada 2A4 M5H In Sisterhood, HOME COMFORT DIVISION Rosemary Knes 83 SIX POINT ROAD Ottawa, Ontario TORONTO, ONTARIO. M8Z 2X3, TEL.: 232-2262 I UKRAINIAN (EDMONTON) CREDIT UNION limited \,

- 429-1431. .("") ("") 10850 97 Street Edmonton , Alberta 5 25 Phone (403) — 24 Savings ( Life insured to $2000) Registered Retirement Savings Plan 232-2262 : Loans (Life insured to $10,000) Travellers' Cheques Chequing Service - No Charge Guaranteed Term Certificates Community Trust Co., 2299 Btoor St W.

OFFICE HOURS S 1 . S Mon. - Tues. - 9:30 - 12:00, 1:30 - 5.00 . 1:30 - - Wednesday - 5:00, 7:00 9:00 Thurs. - Fri. - 9:30 - 12:00. 1:30 - 5:00 Saturday- 10:00-1:00

Page 10: STUDENT, January 1980 —

Multiculturalism- (Review continued from page 5J- (continued from page 7)

even when majority relations improve in Canada, minority group relations will continue to be a signifi- posium sponsored by the Har- mative and comparative pur- studies in the future at even a cant social factor on the Canadian scene. vard Ukrainian Research In- poses. Let us hope that the higher level. Certainly they are Ethnic participation in the national unity debate stitute in December, 1976. For Harvard Institute continue to off to a good start, but much should be from the point of view of their own interests the most part they are narrative encourage Ukrainian-American remains to be done. and not as carriers ot any ideology against the works, of which many concern Quebecois which, in the name of a false unity, argues themselves with the problems against Quebec's right to self-determination and tries posed by thedivided (Ukrainian A to cover up the national injustices experienced by the and Carpatho-Rusy n) Quebecois. character of Ukrainian- In my own view, greatest sympathy should be given American society or with the to those who articulate actual felt injustices which gave development and retention of a rise to the nationalist movement rather than those who Ukrainian identity in the United P. S. in Quebec defend their privileged positions: here I have States. The essays are un- REST MULKA, CLU in mind the one million Anglophone Montrealers who, derstandably of mixed quality, MILLION Dili** POUND T'DLI because of their wealth and power, have only in the last with some especially in- . few years come to recognize their minority*position in teresting contributions from Quebec. Bohdan P. Procko and 1 300 Royal. Bank Build trie Canada has never been solely an Anglophone Wsevolod Tsajiw. Edmonton, Alberta country, or solely Anglo-Canadian ethnically. The Ukrainian Experience TOJ 1X7 new York Life Insurance Co. Tclephoni (403) 428-1033 Moreover, it never will be. The task of ethnic minority in the United is a valuable group leaders is to contribute towards a constructive contribution to the study of restructuring "of our social institutions so that all Ukrainian life in North America Canadians are fairly treated and that all Canadian and is especially useful to those ethnic cultural groups, who wish to survive, can do so to interested in Ukrainian- the best of their ability without threat or hindrance. Canadian studies for both infor-

— Film Critique 9>&* (Iodic (continued from page 9) 1. V. Service despite its complexity, the the contemporary tendency to time? Does it desire, to Vasyl Binevych narrative is very clean: there are churn out eye candy — paraphrase Crosley, our im- very few loose threads. The mechanical, facile prettiness agination to understand 716 Queen St. West story is woven in a very tight which is superimposed on the something outside our ex- is fashion: the body of the film rest of the movie. perience; that is, persuade us of Toronto Ontario Tel.: 368-3163 the original shout (distant past), Skolimowski the director is the possibility of the super- framed by the asylum scenes good; his visual style (spatial natural ... that would be a banal (immediate past) finally flanked dislocation through the use of and hackneyed theme. The by identical Dookends of the zooms, camera tilts, and hand Shout suffers from a severe lack same scene (i.e., Rachel dis- held camera) integrates well of thematic focus. None of the covering Crosley's corpse) with the plot. It is not the thematic threads are emphasiz- (present) at films beginning tailoring that is objectionable in ed; the only emphasis is on the It takes more than and end. this movie; rather, the movie is the shout itself. That would The soundtrack is difficult of an inferior cloth. For this one indicate Skolimowski has to ignore — although I'm sure I must blame Michael Austin and sought to frighten us. If he did, theory to start could do it more easily than his conspirator in screenplay, so what. The verdict: a anyone on the critical Skolimowski. Does the film technically sound, well ex- bandwagon. This is to say that address insanity? The moral ecuted horror picture. But still, a practice. the carefully mixed melange of and spiritual starvation of our a horror picture. naturalistic scenario sound, sound effects, music and YOU CAN BENEFIT dialogue is receiving more attention than it is due. Without FROM OUR FULL RANGE any effort, one may call to mind a host of contemporary direc- OF FINANCIAL SERVICES. tors that have used the sound- track more effectively than Skolimowski e.g. the Taviani brothers in Padre, Padrone, Peter Watk n s n Edva rd Munch , Antonioni in The Passenger, or any Wertmuller film (excepting that "Marxist Ozzie and Harriet" A Night Full of Rain) of the seventies. There are certain times one feels conscious not of his own reaction to the movie, but, rather, Skolimowski's ef- HERITAGE TRUST forts to innovate in the. use of 10126 -101 St., EDMONTON the soundtrack. TELEPHONE 429-6656 # 192 KINGSWAY GARDEN MALL. E0M0NTON The acting is generally TELEPHONE 474-8471 good. In a role that most actors 319 - 8th AVENUE. S.W. CALGARY Tel.: 363-1773 would carry to melodrama. TELEPHONE 265-4415 Bates manages to resist the temptation. Susannah York also rises above the merely compe- SHUMSKY JEWELLERS tent: her Rachel remains coherent in the midst of change, JEWELLERY, WATCHES. CRYSTAL and is endowed with suitably a 10 K—18 K JEWELLERY MAKE WINE & BEER mild eroticism. The REPAIR WATCHES & JEWELLERY photography loo is solid, Mike SATISFACTION GUARANTEED AT HOME! Malloy's cinematography is ( informed with a rhythm of 766 Queen St. W. Toronto, Out M6J E9 texture. He does not sufferfrom

COMMUNITY COMMUNITY TRUST COMPANY LTD. TRUST NOW OFFERS COMPLETE "TRUST" SERVICES INCLUDING SAVINGS ACCOUNTS EVERYTHING FOR THE INVESTMENT CERTIFICATES HOME WINES BEER CHEQUING ACCOUNTS MORTGAGES MAKER RETIREMENT SAVINGS PLANS ESTATE TRUSTS WINE INFORMATION LOCATED IN BLOOR VILLAGE WEST CENTRE- 422 1397 o» 422 146.' 2299 BLOOR STREET WEST, TORONTO, ONTARIO TELEPHONE 763-2291 MARKET DRUGS LTD. . - 10303 - 97 ., - STUDENT: January 1980, Page 11 M Return Requested I* Port Cm* Student Second Deuxieme #206, 11751 -95 Street class classe Edmonton, Alberta 4883 Canada T5G 1M1 EDMONTON Ukrainian Seminars Edmonton: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Series

15 January Karol Adamowicz "Ukrainian Education in Interwar Poland"

30 January Robert Klymasz "Ukrainian Folk Songs of Vegreville: A Collector's Dozen"

12 February Frances Swyripia "Cold War on the Home Front: Watson Kirkconnell and Ukrainian Canadians" Yar Slavutych 4 March "The Poetics of Stefanyk and Ukrainka: A Comparative Characterization" (in Ukrainian) 18 March Alexandra Chernenko "Impressionism and Ukrainian Literature" {in Ukrainian)

6 April Janusz Radziejowski "Collectivization in Ukraine in Light of Soviet Historiography" (2in Ukrainian)

All of the above seminars will be held in 352C Athabasca Hall U ^ of A, from 12:30 - 1:30 P. TORONTO: The World of Ukrainian Learning

14 January Yaroslav Harchun "The High Points and Low Points in the Development of the Ukrainian LANGUAGE IN THE Last Two Decades" 28 January . rest Dr Rudzik "Cultural Transference: Ukrainian Ethnicity in Canadian Literature" 25 February Dr Roberta Markus "Recent Soviet Jewish Emigration from Ukraine" 10 March Yuriy Weretelnyk "Ethnicity, Ideology and Education: Ontario's Heritage Languages Program 23 March or. Romana Bahrij Pikulyk "Cossacks in the Historical Fiction of Nikolai Goqol and Panteleimon Kulish" 10 April Dr. Jarusz Radziejowski "Collectivization in Ukrain (in light of Soviet Historiography" {in Ukrainian)

of All the above seminars will be held at 7-30 P M at St Vladimir's Institute, 620 Spadina Avenue. Toronto. Sponsored by: * The Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, Toronto * Ukrainian Professional and Business Club of Toronto * St. Vladimir Institute

Visiting Scholars' Lecture Series 15 February Dr. George Y Shevelov "Reading Skovoroda" {in Ukrainian)

29 February Prof. Iwan Koropeckyj "Continuity of Ukrainian-Russian Economic Relations Before and After the Revolution" 21 March Prof. Bohdan Rubchak "Some Reflections on Shevchenko Scholarship" 11 April Prof. Bohdan Bociurkiw Panel on "The State of Ukrainian Studies in North America: Prof. Manoly Lupul Future Perspectives" Prof. Omeljan Pritsak

' Ieclur s wi" be held at 7:30 KM. in Sydney hLu ! nn % . Smith Hall, 100 St. George Street, Room 2102. w

Sponsored by: . Chair of Ukrainian Studies, U of T * Chair of Ukrainian Studies Foundation 1980 William Kurelek Memorial Lectures~ 28 February Prof. Virko Baley ' "Twentieth Century Ukrainian Music" 8:00 P.M., Auditorium, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, 252 Bloor St W Toronto J March "Tribute to William Kurelek" 7:45 P.M., Medical Sciences Auditorium. University of Toronto 3 March Prof. Walter Tarnopolsky "Quebec and Constitutional Options for Canada" 8:15 P.M., Medical Sciences Auditorium, University of Toronto "The Spectre of the Mazi 4 March Bohdan Wytwycky Holocaust and Its Impact Upon 8:00 P.M., Auditorium. Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, 252 Bloor St. W., Toronto Jntergroup Relations