J. Jpn. Bot. 94(3): 173–177 (2019)

Yuya H and Yoshikane I*: Karyotype of rebunensis ()

Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190, Gofuku, Toyama, 930-0887 JAPAN *Corresponding author: [email protected]

(Accepted on April 5, 2019)

Summary: Scorzonera rebunensis Tatew. and pappus bristles plumose (Lipschitz 1964). & Kitam. (Asteraceae) is endemic to Rebun Kamelin and Tagaev (1986) recognized three Island, Hokkaido, Japan. This species shows species in this section (S. humilis L., S. radiata a rather symmetric and monomodal karyotype sc t Fisch. ex Ledeb. and S. rebunensis Tatew. & formulated as 2n = 14 = 10m + 2 m + 2 sm. Kitam.) and Coşkunçelebi et al. (2015) recently Sect. Scorzonera of this genus comprises five species: S. rebunensis, S. humilis L., S. radiata added two new Turkish species (S. coriacea A. Fisch. ex Ledeb., S. coriacea A. Duran & Aksoy Duran & Aksoy and S. ahmetduranii S. Makbul and S. ahmetduranii S. Makbul & Coskuncelebi. & Coskuncelebi). Thus, in total, sect. Scorzonera As Scorzonera humilis, S. radiata and S. comprises fi ve species. In terms of chromosome ahmetduranii are known to be diploid (2n = numbers, S. humilis and S. radiata have been 14), all examined species belonging to sect. reported to have 2n = 14 chromosomes (diploid) Scorzonera are diploid with a common basic with a basic chromosome number of x = 7 chromosome number of x = 7. (Nazarova 1997), and S. ahmetduranii has been reported to have 2n = 14 chromosomes as well The genus Scorzonera L. (Asteraceae- (Makbul et al. 2012, Altinordu et al. 2015). No Chicorideae), which comprises ca. 180 species chromosome number has been reported for S. (Mavrodiev et al. 2004, Shi and Kilian 2011), rebunensis and S. coriacea. This paper reports is distributed mainly from Mediterranean the chromosome number and karyotype of S. regions to Central Asia (Mabberley 2017). rebunensis for the fi rst time. The chromosome numbers of this genus have been reported to be 2n = 12, 12 + 1B, 12 + 2B, Materials and Method 13, 14, 14 + 1B, 15, 16, 17, 18, 22, 24, 28 and Scorzonera rebunensis is endemic to Rebun 42 (Nazarova 1997). The basic chromosome Island, Hokkaido, Japan (Kitamura 1934, Nakai numbers are considered to be x = 6, 7, 12 and 1937, Yonekura and Murata 2012, Kadota 2014). 14, and x = 7 was presumed to be primitive from One Scorzonera rebunensis (voucher a karyomorphological perspective (Nazarova specimen; Hayase 18110501; will be deposited 1997). In contrast, based on molecular in the herbarium of the Toyama Science phylogenetic analysis, the ancestral basic Museum (TOYA)) of unknown origin preserved number of x = 6 is also probable (Mavrodiev et at the experimental garden of the Faculty of al. 2004, Owen et al. 2006). Science, University of Toyama, was used for the In this genus, sect. Scorzonera is present study (Fig. 1A). Although the collector characterized by perennial roots, with scales (or purchase source) and the precise locality rather than hairs near the collar; basal and cauline in Rebun Island from which the plant was leaves; one-headed stems; outer involucral bracts obtained are unknown, the plant was identifi ed reduced or almost all equal; achenes smooth as S. rebunensis based on morphological

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早瀬裕也，岩坪美兼：フタナミソウ（キク科）の核型 約 180 種を含む多年草のキク科フタナミソウ属の在来 であった．次中部動原体型の 1 対の短腕には付随体が 種は礼文島にフタナミソウ Scorzonera rebunensis Tatew. 観察されたほか，中部動原体型の 1 対には二次狭窄が認 sc & Kitam. 1 種のみが知られており，他の 4 種とともに められた．中期染色体の核型式は 2n = 14 = 10m + 2 m t Scorzonera 節にまとめられている． + 2 sm で対称性が高く，長さの変化は一相的であった． フタナミソウは染色体数が知られていないことから， この結果，Scorzonera 節の 5 種のうちこれまでに調べ 富山大学圃場にて栽培されてきた株の染色体数と核型 られた 4 種の染色体数はすべて 2n = 14 であることがわ について観察を行った．その結果，染色体数は 2n = 14， かった． 中期染色体の染色体長は 7.3–10.9 μm，腕比は 1.02–2.16 （富山大学理工学研究部）