Japan Biochar Association 日本バイオ炭普及会 Secretary General Akira Shibata Ph.Drr Chair Professor Akira Shibata

Japan Biochar Association 日本バイオ炭普及会 Secretary General Akira Shibata Ph.DRr Chair Professor Akira Shibata

Cooling the Earth from the dinner table: COOL VEGE™ and the Carbon Minus Project in Japan

Feb.13th 2014 Ritsumeikan University Regional Information Research Center Chair Professor Akira Shibata

Carbon Flow GHG absorption SEA energy

Fermentation Carbon Neutral circulation Pyrolysis photosynthesis Carbonization Biomass SEA Forest Animal/Plant PLANT Out put In the sea On the land In put （Sequestration) Surface on the earth

Inorganic carbon Underground in the earth = Char Fossil Fuel Carbon stock Carbon Minus Scheme Carbon Neutral Total quantity of carbon is stable in the long term view.

photo systhesis BIOMASS CO2 Surface of in atmosphere Unused biomass the earth decomposition BIOCHAR

Under Carbon Capture & Storage ground Stable storage Fossil energy OFFSET in underground and sea

Carbon plus Carbon Minus Carbon Minus Scheme

CO2 emission control ?? Depopulation Impoverishment Any simple method Unused biomass to assist natural environment ?

fund Rural area Company Citizen CO2 credit Char Satoyama… Cool Vegetable

collaboration

Mitigation of climate change & Rural development Model of rural area Socio-Economical scheme

Monetary influx Adaptation Carbon & Capture & Mitigation Storage by Branded Agricultural product for CO2 Biochar COOL VEGE R City Rural area area Carbon trade

6 sustainable rural development for sustainable conservation of Food and Water Environment conscious agricultural brand

“Cool Vege”h R eco-branding for agricultural products grew up at carbon stored farmland New Concept “Environmental Friendly” （future merit for children) After the concept of “safety”, ”relief” and “taste good” (present merit for yourself) Philosophical Approach (Backcasting) Final GOAL Sustainable supply of Water & Food Tentative goal Sustainable conservation of Regional Natural resources “Landscape such as forest, mountain, river, sea, farmland” Method Agriculture with new concept which is "sustainable conservation of ecology", though consumer cares only “Safety” and “Taste good” of crops just now.

Examples of measuring category and index: 1)CO2 mitigation・・・① biochar using unused rural biomass, ② extension of dry period at paddy field LCA-CO2 ③ compost・・・・ 2)Degree of Bio diversity・・・contamination by chemicals? 3) ・・・・・・?? Philosophic conceptual approach (Why we have to do?) Sustainable security of Water and Food supply Rural natural resources （Landscape: forest, mountain, river, sea, farmland, biodiversity・・） Sustainable management

Environment conscious rural Brand Cool Vege Education, welfare Sightseeing School, Sales Travel agency, Hotel, residents association （supermarket, internet…） restaurant

Support by company as CSR Basic Concept of Carbon Minus Project

COOL VEGE R Climate change Rural area problem mitigation (depopulation, agriculture and CO2 reduction environmental devastation)

Local biomass Biochar CCS Carbon credit-cap Education through Farmland COOL VEGE R CSR “Cool vege” R Sustainable rural development through Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS)by biochar in farmland for GHG Mitigation

“Cool Vege” R Cool Vegetable to cool earth eco-branding for agricultural products grew up at carbon stored farmland.

This activity is socio-economic and environmentally friendly and encourages sustainable rural development through “carbon minus” projects. 本文へスキップします。

Kameoka Kyoto Carbon Minus Project ○ Field of Kameoka Carbon Minus Project Kameoka city Hozu area, Kyoto Carbon Minus Project Local School Socio-eco Scheme Stakeholders and Actors Rural area Local people Local Consumers government Retailer Local biomass

Biochar Carbon cap Disclosure of biochar CCS local inspection data CO2 Compost Committee center (credit certification Random inspection and agent sales, R COOL VEGE Companies certification) Value-added COOL VEGE agricultural labels R products Farmers Carbon credit Biochar+compost CERTIFICATE

Carbon COOL VEGE R credits C To stimulate CSR, widely propaganda to the public Agricultural lands Supported by that this activity was supported by good XXX company companies through COOL VEGE certification labels Carbon Minus Project Socio-Eco Activity Local CO2 by Company/Consumer/Farmer reduction Seal , Sign board committee as CSR Company

Sales of carbon credit Oh! This Veg was supported by company ! Great !! Oh, Yes….

Sale of “Cool Vege”

Company Local Image up Eco-friendly brand Necessary conditions for Carbon Minus Project Rural area Local people CARBON SEQUESTRATION Local biomass Biochar 2 LCA-CO < 0 Compost center COOL VEGE Standard R Farmers 100kg carbon/10a/year Biochar+compost Storage

C Agricultural lands Necessary conditions for Carbon Minus Project

Certification system of carbon credit A)Measuring the quantity of Carbon storage, and its confirmation B)Authorization(distribution) of carbon credit in carbon volunteer market(CSR market) by (local)government KYOTO ＣＯ2 BANK Oh! Appoint to activity of environment adaptation as Kyoto original credit Super Market KYOTO Carbon storage committee

Ritsumeikan, Japan Kameoka Ryukoku, Kyoto Kameoka Biochar COOLVEGE Gakuen Univ. city Association, Ministry of Farmers Union Forest JPN

COOL VEGE Specification

CO2 reduction Safety 100kg-C/10a・year Ｅco farmer Spec. Records Kyoto Carbon storage Committee 構成メンバー Univ. Ritsumeikan・Ryukoku・Kyoto Gakuen Local Government: Kameoka city, Compost center

Academic: Japan Biochar Association, Forestry & Forest products research Institute of Japan Aug.24,2012

Kyoto CO2 bank

Appointment of Kyoto original credit Cutting by machine: Non maintenance bamboo forest Local activity by village people竹炭の販売 Charcoal making from bamboo forest Local compost center Kyoto Carbon storage committee Char-compost Consumer Company approval Kameoka Cool Vege union Carbon Credit Farmland Super Market, carbon storage Restaurant Cool Vege sales Sink biochar into farmland. At this farmland, carbon captured vegetable is We support farmland “COOL VEGE” . carbon sequestration. COOL VEGETABLE Actual experiment of Carbon minus project in agricultural field in Kameoka city in Kyoto Pref. Kameoka Compost Center Experiment for composting facilitation test using Char on Oct.09,2008 Kameoka Compost Center Char-Compost Production Oct.22・23,2008 Nov.4,2008 Spreading char compost to Experimental field（wheat） Nov.4,2008 Spreading char compost to Experimental field（wheat） Dec.18,2008 Experimental field（wheat） Dec.18,2008 Experimental field（wheat） Dec.18,2008 Experimental field（wheat）

Feb.18,2008 Experimental field（wheat） Stepping by children as environmental education How to Carbonize simply! Low Cost High Efficiency! “Cheep” is the most important. (Non-Smoke Carbonization Apparatus) Carbon Minus Project

Carbonizing Pan

Char making Pan Carbon Minus Project

Carbonizing Process 1 Set up

No space between pan and ground

なるべく平らで乾いた地面に炭化器を設置する。 Carbon Minus Project

Process 2 low material

炭材を用意したかごに集める。 Carbon Minus Project

Process 3 Ignition

よく乾いた枝や竹のささくれに着火する。 Carbon Minus Project

Process 4 Stable fire

晴れた日であれば、着火後5分程度でおき火の状態になるので、その後炭材の投入を開始する。 Burn and carbonize Carbon Minus Project

Process 5 Charging feedstock

Whirlpool of high temperature air(vertical convection)

It is better to use dry feedstock. Charge continuously, setting as cross over to get air inflow. Carbon Minus Project

Process 6 Final stage

Un-carbonized

炭化物が上面いっぱいになったら炭材の投入を止め、未炭化物を鉄の棒等で攪拌しながら炭化させていく。 Carbon Minus Project

Process 7 Extinction(pour water)

煙が収まるまで、たっぷりと水をかけ消火する。 Carbon Minus Project

Process 8 Collect biochar

しっかりと消火したら、炭化物をシャベルでかごへ取り出し、計量する。 Carbon Minus Project

Process 10 Wash potassium with rainfall after carbonization

農業用に用いるためにカリ分等を洗い流す必要がある場合、外に積み雨ざらしにするなど、使用用途ごとの対応が必要となる。 Carbon Minus Project

・ Choose dry feedstock for carbonization Important！・Charging method should be considered to take air in easier

水分の多い青竹よく乾燥した竹水分が抜ける時間が余分にかかる！ほとんど煙が出ない。

実験結果 10回の炭化実験から、炭材投入量約3.4ｔに対し、収炭量は含水状態で約1.3ｔ（含水率67％）、絶乾状態で約420kg が得られた。この結果からコスト分析を行うと、含水状態で79円／kgであった。炭素率は80％程度であった。コスト目標としては、30円/含水炭程度以下を考えている。

Experiment of carbon sequestration • Total carbon in soil • Green House Gas(N2O,CH4,CO2) using chamber. • Soil temperature, water contents, C/N • Volume of vegetable（upper, root） • Inorganic nitrogen

Carbon Minus Project

炭素隔離実験(GHG measuring)

 圃場設計の様子

炭堆肥の散布(09/09/01)

実験圃場の様子（09/09/10）

小型トラクターでの耕うん(09/09/01) Carbon Minus Project

炭素隔離実験

 サンプリングの様子(Sampling)

今回の実験期間（112日間）で、隔離された炭素量は、堆肥区では施用時の約88％が、堆肥・炭区では、約 70％前後が残存し、それぞれ少なくとも、0.27tC/10aと2.17tC/10aの炭素が隔離された。 Carbon Minus Project

作物生育実験 Experiment for the effect of growing vegetable 圃場設計 

炭堆肥の入ったフレコン(09/09/01)

炭堆肥の散布後 (09/09/01)

炭堆肥の散布(09/09/01) Carbon Minus Project Wheat：Nourin61）

堆肥（2.25t/10a)のみ堆肥＋炭（1t/10a)

堆肥＋炭（2t/10a) 堆肥＋炭（4t/10a) In case of charcoal spot according to large char contents, wheat was suppressed to fall down. And, it was found to increase Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza. Carbon Minus Project Experiment for the effect of growing vegetable

Wheat：nourin No.61

ムギの坪狩りの様子 Carbon Minus Project

Paddy Rice：HINOHIKARI

堆肥（2.25t/10a)のみ堆肥＋炭（0.5t/10a)

堆肥＋炭（1.0t/10a) 堆肥＋炭（2.0t/10a) No typical difference Carbon Minus Project

作物生育実験（ネギ Welsh onion：栄洛黒ネギ）

堆肥（2.25t/10a)のみ堆肥＋炭（0.5t/10a)

堆肥＋炭（1.0t/10a) 堆肥＋炭（2.0t/10a)

炭の施用量と収量の間に明確な相関関係はみられなかった。No typical difference Carbon Minus Project

Cabbage：(koikaze)

Compost（2.25t/10a) only Compost (2.25t/10a) +char（1.07t/10a) CM-1 CM-4

compost（2.25t/10a) +char（2.14t/10a) compost（2.25t/10a) ＋char（4.29t/10a) CM-5 CM-6 Field of Cabbage Spreading of char-compost

Produced cabbages Seed bed of cabbage Carbon Minus Project Carbon Minus Project

農産物エコブランド化実験(ECO-Brand sale experiment)  情報宣伝素材の開発(Materials for sales)

Carbon Minus Project

農産物エコブランド化実験 (ECO-Brand sale experiment)  製品開発(Processed product)

キャベツのコールスローサラダ（左）、シーザーサラダ（上）、ローストチキンと温野菜サラダ（右）えびとパスタのカラフルサラダ（下）

つぶつぶコーンサラダカップ（左）、販売店舗視察中オクラと蒸鶏のサラダカップ（右） The system of “Kyoto Kameoka” “ COOL VEGE” seal As Local Eco-socio Brand 京都亀岡 Kyoto Kameoka

Cool earth from dinner table COOL VEGE TM

ＢａｓｅＢｒａｎｄ design Quantitative assay of carbon contents of Biochar Carbon credit ＆ certification system of CCS(Carbon Capture & Storage) vegetable

File biochar data Biochar Local committee according JBA spec. compost （Approval of carbon credit & “COOL VEGE”） Random check center

Farmers Application Carbon credit Biochar Subsidy Carbon C compost credit

farmland Biochar+Compost Unused bamboo while forest maintenance

Consumer Company support as CSR sale

Wholesale COOL VEGE R Farmer & retail

Decreased chemical+ char=Carbon minus ⇒ ECO brand “COOLVEGE R ” Local committee （Approval of carbon credit & “COOL VEGE”）

Ｆａｎｃｔｉｏｎｓ

 Issue certificate of carbon sequestration  Validate CSR to supporting company  Assure the new eco value for consumers ‘ satisfaction

Put “COOL VEGE” seal on CCS vegetable approved by local committee5 Seal of “COOL VEGE” R

Sink biochar into farmland. At this farmland, carbon captured vegetable is

“COOL VEGE”R .

Supporting farmland carbon sequestration

1) Customer(company) pays ¥20-/label x 10,000=JP¥200,000- to JBA.

2)JBA pays案① ¥10/label to farmers who authorized to use “COOL VEGE “ R by JBA. Balance ¥10 will be consumed to validation. Company’s merit: CSR with propaganda method(tool) Consumer’s merit: New method to be involved to ECO activity through consumption 6

Sales

Supported by company

Ｒ食卓から地球を冷やそう！ Sponsored by “Kyoto Bank”

２０１２．０２亀岡市保津水端プラン市民農園

店舗外観

Sales of “COOL VEGE” Total Sales amount in 2013 : JP¥9,724,788

2,000,000 円

1,800,000 円

1,600,000 円

1,400,000 円

1,200,000 円

1,000,000 円

800,000 円

600,000 円

400,000 円

200,000 円

0 円 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

2013 31 Fixed carbon Biochar volume(water content ※Biochar compost content 1:3 Year biochar(kg) CO2 reduction Compost（㎥） 50％、carbon content80 ※Char price:＠JPY6,800/m3 ％) 2008 6 750ｋｇ 300ｋｇ 1,100ｋｇ-co2 2009 54 6,750ｋｇ 2,700ｋｇ 9,900ｋｇ-co2 2010 53 6,625ｋｇ 2,650ｋｇ 9,717ｋｇ-co2 2011 41 5,125ｋｇ 2,050ｋｇ 7,517ｋｇ-co2 2012 264 33,000ｋｇ 13,200ｋｇ 48,400ｋｇ-co2 店頭販売 Food education・Eco education Feb.18,2008 Experimental field（wheat） Stepping by children as environmental education

Participation of elementary school pupil as environmental education. Essential Factors(Local Socio-Eco brand) ①Stable Supply ＊Establishment of agricultural production system according to local supply chain.

②Stable sales ＊Secure stable consumer market Visualize the safety and ease. （Specification of agricultural product & quality control） Marketing!(food education・word-of-mouth・shelf control）

③100kg carbon/10a/year ＊Certificate of carbon sequestration * COOL VEGE seal Gold Prize given by Minister of Environment Japan Feb.17th 2013 Thank you for your listening