IMMIGRATION ’s population in 2011:¹ DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH 70.4% 28.5% 1.1% EDUCATION Canadian-born foreign-born non-permanent residents Differences in the demographics of Ontario’s population are known to impact health. These determinants 60.3% of health play a key role in the health status of the population as a whole – understanding them and how of the population aged 25 and older have completed some form they have changed over time can help to meet the health needs of Ontarians. of post-secondary education⁸

The structure of the Ontario population has aged over the past decades, and is projected to continue to do so Per cent of the population who have completed some form of in the future. post-secondary education by age group, Ontario, 2011⁸

Population of Ontario by age group and sex, 1971, 2013, 2036⁵�⁶ 100 80 % % 90+ All ages (25+) = 60.3% 78.3 56.9 60 of immigrants who came to of immigrants who came to Canada 85-89 70.3% 59.8% before 1971 were from Europe² between 2006-2011 were from Asia² 80-84 40 Per cent (%) cent Per 42.6% Three most common countries of birth of immigrants living in Ontario in 2011:¹ 75-79 20 70-74 0 United 65-69 25 - 44 45 - 64 65+ : Kingdom: : 60-64 Age group (years) 8.6% 8.1% 7.4% 55-59 50-54 45-49 % of Canada’s foreign-born population lived in Ontario in 2011, 53.3 40-44 EMPLOYMENT whereas Ontario only represented 38.6% of the Canadian population² 35-39 7.8% 30-34 of the population aged 15 25-29 INCOME and older reported being This was higher than the 20-24 unemployed in 2012⁹ national rate of 7.3% 15-19 and 14.3% respectively.⁹ 12.0% or 1.6 million Ontarians lived in low income 10-14 % households in 2011³ 16.9 5-9 of the population aged 15-24 0-4 reported being unemployed⁹ This after-tax low income measure translates to a single person earning 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 less than $19,930 or a family of four earning less than $39,860.⁴ 1971 2013 2036 (projected) Per cent of the population living in low income households by age group, Ontario, 2011:³ A sizable share of the population is now economically and/or socially dependent on ABORIGINAL POPULATION working-age Ontarians and may put additional demands on the health system.⁷ % 20 The Aboriginal population in 2.4 of the Ontario Ontario is diverse and includes population reported having an 15 Population of Ontario: PopulationPopulation 6565 yearsyears ofof ageage andand older:older: All ages = 12.0% , and Métis. Aboriginal identity in 2011¹ 5 5 10 1971 = 7,849,027 1971 = 650,501 (8.3%) 13.8% 12.1% 5 5 Per cent (%) cent Per 5 8.5% 2013 = 13,537,994 2013 = 2,057,899 (15.2%) 31.2 years 40.2 years 0 6 6 median age of the Aboriginal median age of the non-Aboriginal Under 18 18 - 64 65+ 2036 = 17,371,792 2036 = 4,166,812 (24.0%) population in Ontario¹ population in Ontario¹ Age group (years)

1. . National Household Survey: NHS focus on geography series – Ontario. Income [Internet] , ON: Statistics Canada; 2013. Available from: http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/as-sa/fogs-spg/Pages/FOG.cfm?lang=E&level=2&GeoCode=35 2. Statistics Canada. Immigration and ethnocultural diversity in Canada: National Household Survey, 2011. Ottawa, ON: Minister of Industry; 2013. Available from: http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/as-sa/99-010-x/99-010-x2011001-eng.pdf 3. Statistics Canada. CANSIM Table 202-0802: Persons in low income families, annual [Internet]. Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada; 2013. Available from: http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a05?lang=eng&id=2020802 4. Statistics Canada. CANSIM Table 202-0808: Low income measures by income source and household size, 2011 constant dollars, annual [Internet]. Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada; 2013. Available from: http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a05?lang=eng&id=2020808 5. Statistics Canada. CANSIM Table 051-0001: Estimates of population, by age group and sex for July 1, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted) [Internet]. Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada; 2013. Available from: http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a05?lang=eng&id=0510001 For more information, visit 6. Data Source: Population Projections [2036], Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, IntelliHEALTH Ontario, Date Extracted: [2014/03/21]. 7. Statistics Canada. Dependency ratio [Internet]. Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada; 2010. Available from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-229-x/2009001/demo/dep-eng.htm 8. Statistics Canada. 2011 National Household Survey: Data tables. Education and labour. [Internet]. Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada; 2013. Available from: http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/dt-td/Lp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=0&PID=0&PRID=0&PTYPE=105277&S=0&SHOWALL=1&SUB=0&Temporal=2013&THEME=96&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF 9. Statistics Canada. CANSIM Table 109-5324: Unemployment Rate, Canada, provinces, health regions (2013 boundaries and peer publichealthontario.ca groups. Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada; 2013. Available from: http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a05?lang=eng&id=1095324 July 28, 2015