History Pictures for a Living Education Early Britain (55Sample BC - 1066)

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HISTORY PICTURES FOR A LIVING EDUCATION

EARLY BRITAIN 55 SampleBC – 1066

CHARLOTTE MASON BEEHIVE MELTON MOWBRAY ______2021 www.charlottemasonbeehive.co.uk

Coming soon:

History Pictures for a Living Education: The History Pictures for a Living Education: The Middle Ages

© Copyright 2021, Charlotte Mason Beehive. All rights reserved. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without prior written permission from the publisher.Sample First published April 2021

Cover design by James North

Front cover photography— Stonehenge, Salisbury Plain—garethwiscombe / CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) Bust of Hadrian—Livioandronico2013 / CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0) Shrine of St. Patrick’s Bell—Metropolitan Museum of Art / CC0 The Castle of Holy Island on its Isolated Rock—Matthew Hunt / CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) The Bridge—Peter Nicolai Arbo / Public domain From the Bayeux Tapestry—Dennis Jarvis from Halifax, Canada / CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0) The Gateway of Battle Abbey—Nilfanion / CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)

Charlotte Mason Beehive charlottemasonbeehive.co.uk www.charlottemasonbeehive.co.uk

Introduction

istory Pictures for a Living Education is a new series designed to bring history to life for students and young people studying the events of the past. It consists of portraits of eminent persons; photographs and illustrations of arms, relics, artefacts, past fashions; historic sites and castles; architecture; artistic representations of historic events; plans; and maps, and is based largely off Black’s History Pictures, a series published by A. & C. Black in the early twentieth century. An edition of Black’s History Pictures was suggested as a suitable resource by Miss Charlotte Mason in the programmes she sent out to home schoolrooms throughout the United Kingdom and British Empire at that time. In recreating this series of picture books we have endeavoured to include many of the same images used in the originals (updating them to higher quality colour prints where possible) and in many cases utilising the same text. We have gone further however in expanding the series with considerably more content. All images are either available in the public domain or are being used under a creative commons licence. Credit has been applied where possible and where necessary. As in the original series “footnotes and occasional quarter pages of written matter have been added (a) to indicate a few issues connected with the subject of the picture; (b) to draw attention to the chief features illustrated; (c) to give a correct historical setting to the scenes represented; and (d) to make the picture-story continuous so that the collections can be studied by young pupils without risk of chronological confusion.” The text for this new series has been mainly derived from the following sources: Black’s History Pictures; Nelson’s Highways of History series; The Pronouncing Dictionary of Mythology and Antiquities; and original content written by the editor. Designed primarily—but not exclusively—for home educators using the Charlotte Mason philosophy of education, this book can be used by students of all ages and forms studying British History. For home educators using Charlotte Mason’s method of reading and narration, it is advised that children make use of the book either during the reading as a way to focus their attention and developSample accurate representations of history in their mind’s eye; or as an aid to discussion after a reading. After the lesson text has been read the students should put the pictures away while they narrate so that their minds can work independently of any external material. For young students who are not reading their lesson books independently yet the book may be viewed by the child while they listen to the reading. If you find the pictures distract rather than enhance their learning, however, then you may wish to put the pictures to one side until the reading has been completed. After narration should you wish to discuss the pictures further, the following points may be considered to get started:- • What is the artist trying to say about the character and/or event? How does this compare to the lesson text? • What kind of imagery comes to mind? Does this differ to the imagery conveyed by the lesson text? • Are there any special details in the picture that were not apparent from the days’ reading? • What do you notice about the people, clothes, weapons, landscape, etc.? • Has the artist captured the spirit and likeness of the character / event? We sincerely hope you have a pleasant and engaging school year using this new resource. For more new and original content from Charlotte Mason Beehive or if you have any questions or concerns, please contact us through our website at www.charlottemasonbeehive.co.uk. RACHEL E. NORTH April 2021 www.charlottemasonbeehive.co.uk

Sample

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Table of Contents

01. First Known Map of the British Isles 7 31. Bronze Head of Hadrian 27 61. Offa’s Dyke, Near Tintern 46 02. Stonehenge 8 32. Example of a Roman Oil Lamp 27 62. June: Woodcutting 46 03. Bust of Julius Caesar 9 33. Remains of the City Viroconium 28 63. August: Harvesting 46 04. Roman Trireme off Dover 9 34. King Arthur’s Castle, Tintagel 29 64. An English Freeman 46 05. Caesar’s First Invasions of Britain 10 35. King Arthur Statue at Innsbruck 30 65. Vikings Heading for Land 47 06. Southern Britain in Late Iron Age 11 36. Sir Tristram at the Court of Arthur 30 66. A Viking Warrior 48 07. Bust of Caligua 12 37. The Knights of the Round Table 31 67. Ely Looted and Burned by the Danes 48 08. Bust of Claudius 12 38. Anglo Saxon Homelands 32 68. Norse Ship found at Gökstad 49 09. Caer Caradoc 13 39. The Heptarchy 33 69. Replica of a Viking Longship 50 10. Types of Roman Soldiers 13 40. Britain from about 500-570 34 70. at Winchester 51 11. Caractacus at the Tribunal in Rome 14 41. Britain about 613 34 71. War Vessel of Alfred the Great 51 12. The Campaign against Boudicca 15 42. The IntroductionSample of 35 72. How the Danes Came Up the Channel 52 13. Statue of Boadicea 16 43. Arrival of Saxons, circa A.D. 530 35 73. Alfred in the Cowherds Cottage 53 14. Vespasian 17 44. The Tara Torque 36 74. King Alfred’s Monument, Athelney 54 15. Julius Agricola 17 45. Shrine of St. Patrick’s Bell 36 75. King Alfred in the Camp of the Danes 54 16. The Romans cause a Wall to be Built 18 46. Abbey, off the Coast of Mull 37 76. The Alfred Jewel 55 17. Bust of Hadrian 18 47. Saint Gregory the Great 38 77. King Alfred’s Tower, Somerset 55 18. Hadrian's Wall 19 48. Gregory and the Saxon Children 38 78. St. Dunstan 56 19. Milecastle 39 on Hadrian’s Wall 20 49. Statue of Augustine of Canterbury 39 79. Anglo Saxon Coins 56 20. Saint Alban 21 50. Augustine Preaching to the English 39 80. More Anglo Saxon Coins 57 21. The Remains of Verulamiun 21 51. Æthelberht is Baptised 40 81. A Banquet 57 22. Alban and the Priest 22 52. Statue of Æthelberht of Kent 40 82. Æthelstan Presenting a Book 57 23. The Cathedral of St. Albans 22 53. Consecration of the Site of St. Paul’s 40 83. 58 www.charlottemasonbeehive.co.uk

Table of Contents Cont.

24. Map of Roman Britain 23 54. Coifi Profanes the Temple 41 84. Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians 58 25. The Roman Pharos at Dover Castle 24 55. The Castle of Holy Island 42 85. King Athelstan (924 – 939) 58 26. The Restored Roman Bath at Bath 25 56. Whitby Abbey, North Riding 43 86. Edmund I. (939 – 26 May 946) 59 27. Bastion 14 at Wall 26 57. The Famous “” 44 87. King (946 – 955) 59 28. Roman Sandals from the Thames 26 58. Gospels in Latin 44 88. King Eadwig (955 – 959) 59 29. Tressellated Pavement, Woodchester 26 59. Monkwearmouth Church 45 89. King Edgar the Peaceful (959 – 975) 59 30. Statue of Trajan 27 60. St. Augustine’s Chair 45 90. Edward the Martyr (975 – 978) 59 91. Ethelred the Unready 60 100. Chancel Arch, St. Bene’t’s 64 109. The Battle of Stamford Bridge 69 92. Canute the Dane 60 101. Earl’s Barton Tower 64 110. Duke William Landing at Pevensey 70 93. Cnut Prepares to Attack London 60 102. Edward the Confessor 65 111. The Campaign of 1066 71 94. Edmund Ironside 61 103. Edward the Confessor's Chapel 65 112. Battle of Senlac Plan 71 95. King Cnut presenting a Cross 61 104. Map of England, 1065 66 113. The Battle of Hastings 72 96. Edward Ironside and Canute 61 105. Harold GodwinsonSample 67 114. Harold and the Arrow in his Eye 73 97. King Canute and the Waves 62 106. Harold Swears Fidelity to William 67 115. Harold Stone 73 98. The Wooden Church at Greenstead 63 107. Harold Godwinson is Crowned 68 116. Discovering King Harold's corpse 74 99. The Tower of St. Bene’t’s 63 108. William of Normandy 68 117. The Gateway of Battle Abbey 75

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HISTORY PICTURES FOR A LIVING EDUCATION: EARLY BRITAIN (55 B.C. – A.D 1199) PREHISTORIC BRITAIN—7

Sample

No. 01. First Known Map of the British Isles Ptolemy, a famous astronomer of Alexandria, wrote near the end of the second century A.D. He was one of the earliest geographers to employ lines of latitude and longitude in a map to fix the relative positions of places on the surface of the earth. His map was drawn after the Roman occupation of Britain. Notice that the south of Britain is more correctly represented than the north. www.charlottemasonbeehive.co.uk

HISTORY PICTURES FOR A LIVING EDUCATION: EARLY BRITAIN (55 B.C. – A.D 1199) PREHISTORIC BRITAIN—8

Sample

No. 02. Stonehenge, Salisbury Plain. garethwiscombe / CC BY (https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/2.0) Stonehenge was the greatest architectural effort of the early Britons. It probably marked the burial ground of a great chief, and may have been connected with the worship of the sun. The circle appears to have consisted of a continuous outer circle, 11o feet across, with uprights and imposts of Wiltshire limestone, and a circle within of about forty small blue stones. If used as a place of worship, it is probable that many human victims were sacrificed within its precincts by the Druids, the priests, judges, medicine-men, and magicians of the Britons. The date of Stonehenge is put by archaeologistswww.charlottemasonbeehive.co.uk as about 2500 B.C.

HISTORY PICTURES FOR A LIVING EDUCATION: EARLY BRITAIN (55 B.C. – A.D 1199) THE ROMANS IN BRITAIN—9

Sample No. 04. Roman Trireme off Dover. From Black’s History Pictures: Our Early History. Reconstructed from Roman wall paintings and sculptures of the first and second centuries of the Christian era. (Trireme, Lat. triremis=tres, three, and remus, an oar.)

No. 05. Caesar’s First Invasion of Britain [opposite page]. Wellcome Images / CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) No. 03. Bust of Julius Caesar. From a bust of Gauis Iulius Caesar at the Vatican Museum. In the years 55 and 54 B.C. Julius Caesar, the great Roman conqueror, twice crossed the sea Julius Cæsar, born 12 July, B.C. 100, was one of the greatest men of antiquity. and invaded Kent. The Roman occupation of Britain did not, however, commence for nearly a This emperor, conqueror, and dictator, became the undisputed master of the hundred years after these invasions. Roman world. He twice invaded Britain, B.C. 55 and 54, and crossed the Tamesis (Thames). www.charlottemasonbeehive.co.uk

HISTORY PICTURES FOR A LIVING EDUCATION: EARLY BRITAIN (55 B.C. – A.D 1199) THE ROMANS IN BRITAIN—10

Sample

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HISTORY PICTURES FOR A LIVING EDUCATION: EARLY BRITAIN (55 B.C. – A.D 1199) MAP OF EARLY BRITAIN—11

Sample

No. 06. Map of southern Britain in the Late Iron Age. CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) www.charlottemasonbeehive.co.uk