CULTIVATING THE NEXT GENERATION

REPEATING SUCCESSFUL MATINGS BROODMARE OF THE YEAR KENTUCKY FARMLAND BROODMARE SIRE STATISTICS

Special Section Repeat Matings

outcome. The first observation from the Birth order and dam’s race record influence data set is that with 13,672 graded stakes the success rates of full siblings winners from only 10,787 unique mares, a number of mares must have produced more than one superior horse. But how frequent- ly does this occur? Table 1 shows that 79% of all mares that have a graded stakes winner will have only one in their career, a further 17% will have a second graded stakes winner, while less than 5% will have more than two in their lifetime. But these figures need some perspective. According to MarketWatch population sta- tistics, of all broodmares that produced at

KEVIN THOMPSON least one foal at stud, just 1.4% produced a graded stakes winner in their career. If only 21% of those mares will produce another Going for the Repeat graded stakes winner, then we are looking at 0.3%, or a 330-1 chance of a mare be- coming a multiple graded stakes producer. BY BYRON ROGERS While the figure may vary a little depend- ing on the mare’s race performance and the stallions to which she is bred, it illustrates haros and Fairway, Sir Gallahad III and Bull Dog, Graustark and His the extreme rarity of a mare such as Hasili, PMajesty, Frankel and Noble Mission, the history of the the dam of seven graded winners in her is scattered with famous examples where matings of elite horses, when broodmare career. repeated, produced another elite horse. But just what are the odds of repeat Given the unlikelihood of the event in the matings being successful? first place, the fact that more than 20% of graded stakes producers will produce an- other one in their lifetime is most likely a Are successful matings worth trying again? contributing force—along with the concept of residual value—as to why the subsequent Those who have been in the game long by interrogating the expan- foals out of graded stakes producers are enough can easily cite that for every Fran- sive database of The Jockey well sought after in the sales ring. kel and Noble Mission there are horses like Club Information Systems Despite work from the likes of Joe Estes, The Bride, a sister to Secretariat who was and looking specifically at the racing class of the dam is, relative to se- unplaced in four starts, or Deputy Striker, all graded (for the purpos- lection on the racing class of the sire, ex- the brother to Curlin who won once in six es of this story, the term tremely undervalued. In fact, some might starts. But as humans are generally poor at graded will include group) argue that we select too heavily on stal- estimating risk based purely on anecdotal stakes winners worldwide lions—the requirement to be a commercial evidence, is breeding or buying a relation to that were born between stallion is awfully high in the era of large a top-class runner worthwhile? 1996-2005 and all their sib- stallion books—but not strong enough on We decided to tackle this question, or lings (half or full). The data the dam. After all, just being a close relation questions as the case is, of the repeat mating set has 4,355 grade I win- to a superior runner is enough to see a mare ners worldwide; another enter the breeding shed, regardless of her TABLE 1 9,317 graded stakes win- talent or lack thereof. Producers of Graded Stakes Winners ners; and a total of 97,010 Plenty of data published in MarketWatch Foaled 1996-2005 by No. GSW foals from 10,787 unique and Blood-Horse show that the racing class mares. GSW Produced Dams % All Dams Consider this question: TABLE 2 1 8,475 79% “My mare has just bred a Producers of Graded Stakes Winners graded stakes winner— Foaled 1996-2005 by Level of Best Race 2 1,841 17% what are the chances of her 3 390 3.6% doing it again?” No. GSW Produced Unr/Rnr Wnr SW GSW G1SW 4 61 0.6% While this question 5 14 0.1% seems a straightforward 1 GSW 46% 37% 8.4% 5.8% 3.0% one to ask, it is not an easy 6 4 0.0% 2 GSW 40% 34% 9.7% 11% 6.0% one to answer as many 7 1 0.0% variables can influence the 3+ GSW 36% 29% 12% 12% 11%

MarketWatch / 2 Repeat Matings

CHART 1 further cements the dogma that racing class of the dam really does Odds Ratios for Graded Stakes Winners by Birth Order matter when it comes to produc- ing superior runners. Worldwide graded/group stakes winners foaled 1996-2005 Racing class of the dam is not the only confounding factor when 3.0 it comes to successful repeat mat- ings; another is the birth order of 2.5 the dam’s foals. To examine this factor as an influence on out- comes, we can use odds ratios to 2.0 indicate the likelihood of a foal being a graded stakes winner by comparing each particular foal 1.5 birth rank. Odds Ratio Odds From Chart 1 you can see that 1.0 once you get past the fourth or fifth foal, the odds ratio starts to drop, and beyond the 12th foal, 0.5 the odds ratio approaches zero (due to small sample size, there is 0.0 a slight uptick for 18th foals, but it 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 is not significant). Birth Order Similar to other studies made on the general mare population, of the dam has a strong influence on the have a single graded stakes graded producers were twice as likely to odds of a mare producing a superior run- winner to those that have produce a graded stakes winner within ner. With that in mind, when a mare has a multiple graded stakes win- their first three foals than from any other graded stakes winner in her career, does her ners in their career. These foal rank. Given that the population we own racing class have an impact on her abil- data seem to contradict the are looking at is a population of mares in ity to produce another? Table 2 illustrates commonly held belief of the which every mare has produced a graded that mares that are stakes winners, grad- mutually exclusive distinc- stakes winner, and has probably been ed stakes winners, and, more specifically, tion between mares that given as good a chance as possible to grade I winners garner an increasing share are “racehorses” and mares produce another, what Chart 1 describes of the total when comparing mares that that are “producers” and looks to be a commentary on the repro-

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MarketWatch / 3 Repeat Matings

CHART 2 Progeny of Graded Stakes Producers by Birth Order All progeny of dams that produced worldwide graded/group stakes winners foaled 1996-2005

12,000 1,800

1,600 10,000 1,400

8,000 1,200

1,000 6,000 All Foals All 800

4,000 600 Graded Stakes Winners 400 2,000 200

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

All Foals All G1SW Other GSW ductive physiology and endocrinology of plot the same odds ratio but outcomes, in order to truly answer the ques- aging mares. this time looking at the crop tion on repeatability of matings, we need to Chart 2 considers this information anoth- number of the sire, we see a normalize for both of these factors before er way, plotting the data set by the number diminishing effect but not we can declare any findings. To do this, we of foals, graded stakes winners, and grade I nearly as pronounced (see took the subset of 2,366 mares that had winners. Chart 3). raced and were either unplaced or placed The very fact that a mare’s chances of pro- It must be noted that stal- (they were not winners so race record was ducing a graded stakes winner are dimin- lions’ Northern and South- normalized) and that had produced a grad- ishing as she ages may well be the largest ern Hemisphere crops are ed stakes winner in their first three foals. reason behind the limited success for re- counted separately. This is Of these mares, 1,876 (79%) produced peatability of successful matings. Given the why Chart 3 shows an uptick exactly one graded stakes winner, which is number of years that pass between when a on crops 21-25, which are, consistent with our larger data set. Howev- mating can prove itself on the racetrack and in effect, the 10th to 14th er, in that group of 1,876 mares, 956 (51%) a breeder can use that knowledge to try and years for a shuttle sire serv- returned to the graded stakes winner’s sire replicate the performer, the natural aging ing in both hemispheres. at least once more to produce a full relation process of the mare would seem to work As we have established yet still failed to produce another graded against successful repeats. that both the racing class stakes winner. Leading the charge of the un- We don’t find nearly the same effect when of the dam and birth order successful repeat matings was the German it comes to the sires of the foals. When we have measurable effects on mare Auenglocke, who in 1997 produced group II winner Auenklang, her third foal, to Big Shuffle and returned to that sire an- other eight times during her career with the best result being the minor listed winner Auenweise. It is somewhat surprising that of the 1,876 mares that produced a graded stakes winner, 920 (49%) were never bred back to the same sire to be given the opportunity of repeating the successful mating. In the sales ring, a different mating may in fact be more fashionable: “If she produced a great horse by sire X, imagine what she could do with sire Y!” On the other side of this sub-group, 490

ANNE M. EBERHARDT mares produced a graded stakes winner The odds of a broodmare becoming a multiple graded stakes producer are about 330-1 in their first three foals and subsequently

MarketWatch / 4 Repeat Matings went on to produce another in their career. There is a further wrin- TABLE 3 Of those mares, 105 (21%) produced their kle to the data. Of the 105 second graded stakes winner from a repeat mares that had success- Placed and Unplaced Mares That mating, while 385 (79%) produced theirs to ful repeat matings, only Produced a GSW Foaled 1996-2005 a different sire. To make comparison pos- 32 (30%) were mated with Within Their First 3 Foals sible, mares that had unsuccessful repeat the knowledge that the ear- matings and also produced a graded stakes lier mating had resulted in Dams of Dams of All winner by another sire were excluded from success. Of the successful 1 GSW 2 GSW Dams the sample (see Table 3). repeat matings where the Bred back to So, if we are interested in breeding or mare was sent to the same 956 105* 1,061 buying a graded stakes winner out of a mare sire, 70% of the foals were sire of first GSW that has already produced one, is it better born within three years of Never bred back to 920 385 1,305 for it to be a repeat mating or one by an al- the first graded stakes win- sire of first GSW ternate sire? ner, so these repeat mat- Total sample 1,876 490 2,366 To determine the answer we will consider ings were not based on any the relative risk (RR). knowledge of the racetrack *Includes only mares that produced a GSW from a repeat mating success of the outcome. In 105/(105+956) 0.09896 RR = = = 0.34 these cases another signal, 385/(385+920) 0.29501 such as an auction price or and you can ride the commercial “residual the physical quality of the value” train, you should sell her, as you only A relative risk of 0.34, being below 1, in- first foal, was likely the have a one-in-five chance of her producing dicates that in the group of mares of limited driving metric behind the another graded stakes winner in her lifetime. race record and that have produced a graded breeder’s decision to repeat And, even if she does produce another, it is stakes winner early in their career, a repeat the mating. most likely to be the foal at her side or the mating of a successful mating is less likely So what does this tell us? yearling she has just produced than any foals to produce a graded stakes winner. Logically If your mare has a graded from future mating plans you may have for one would think that a repeat mating would stakes winner early in her her. Given that so few mares produce graded be more likely to produce a graded stakes career, unless she is a grad- stakes winners in their careers, you should be winner, but the data suggest otherwise! ed stakes winner herself thankful that she did it in the first place. MW

CHART 3

Odds Ratios for Graded Stakes Winners by Sire’s Crop Number Worldwide graded/group stakes winners foaled 1996-2005 1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

Odds Ratio Odds 0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Sire’s Crop Number

MarketWatch / 5 Broodmare of the Year

Ron Winchell’s Fun House is Kentucky’s broodmare of the year ANNE M. EBERHARDT PHOTOS

More Than a Grass Family

BY IAN TAPP

n his office Ron Winchell keeps a win photo of the 2004 Buena Vista Handi- Award as champion 3-year-old filly. Icap, a grade II grass race won by his mare Fun House, whom the Kentucky Untapable represents the third generation Thoroughbred Owners and Breeders named Kentucky’s 2014 broodmare of of Winchell homebreds in this female family. the year on April 16. Verne Winchell, Ron’s late father who died in 2002, secured the family’s source with the “I look at that picture all the Derby ­Presented by Yum! Brands (gr. I). fortuitous $25,000 claim of Carols Christmas time and, thinking back, I al- In addition to being a graded stakes winner in March 1981. ways thought she would pro- on grass, Fun House is a daughter of Breeders’ “Carols Christmas is the gift that keeps on duce a great grass horse—and Cup Turf (gr. IT) winner Prized. Those cre- giving,” Winchell said. “Who would’ve known I guess Paddy O’Prado was dentials contributed to her first three matings that one claim would have been so important a pretty good grass horse,” being to turf-oriented sires—first War Chant, for our breeding operation. My dad claimed Winchell said. and then El Prado, followed by . her sight unseen, and when he finally saw her Paddy O’Prado, whom “That was always the thought in my mind, she was a big swaybacked mare, and he was Winchell sold as a yearling, looking at the family—that it should be a like, ‘What did I just do!’ ” is now a stallion at Spend- grass family—but it’s not,” Winchell said. In addition to Paddy O’Prado and Un- thrift Farm. The gray son of Fun House’s daughter Untapable proved tapable, Carols Christmas is the ancestress El Prado won his grade I on that conclusively in 2014 when she won the of grade I winners Cuvee, Olympio, and grass, the Secretariat Stakes, Longines Kentucky Oaks and Longines ­Tapizar—all of whom were bred and raced by and also ran third to Super Breeders’ Cup Distaff (both gr. I) and was the Winchells—as well as the Winchell-bred Saver in the 2010 Kentucky the overwhelming vote-getter for the Eclipse Pyro, who won the Forego Stakes (gr. I) after

MarketWatch / 6 Broodmare of the Year being sold to Godolphin. Fun House has been bred to “It’s kind of funny how the story comes full Tapit every year since 2009; circle, and Carols Christmas ends up being in 2011 she foaled Untapable, the basis of a lot of the good winners that who began her racing career we’ve had over the years,” Winchell said. “One in June 2013 with Asmussen thing she did have that was important was a at Churchill Downs. tremendous amount of speed. That, I think, is “All of Fun House’s babies the foundation of the whole line.” have a tremendous amount The Carols Christmas/Fun House family is of class. Fun House was a undoubtedly a Winchell product, but it also very good race mare her- has been heavily influenced by the Asmussen self, and I think Untapable family. The Winchells and Asmussens have just takes her to the next been closely aligned for decades. level,” Asmussen said. “With Steve Asmussen grew up working for his fa- Tapit being one that came ther in Laredo, Texas, where the family broke through Laredo as well, it’s yearlings for Verne Winchell, among other cli- just an extremely unique ents, and Asmussen built the foundation for ­circumstance.” Fun House, shown with her 2015 Tapit filly, his future career as a trainer. In his early 20s, With his best victory com- has produced six consecutive foals by that sire Asmussen remembers breaking Bistra, the ing on dirt, Tapit early on Winchell-bred daughter of Carols Christmas appeared to be chiefly a dirt who became the dam of Fun House. sire. Winchell, however, was she quickly fulfilled her promise at 3 and “I worked for my dad back then, back in thinking grass when it came dominated her division. This year at 4 she re- the Bistra days—fortunately, I don’t remem- to Fun House’s offspring. turned to the races with a narrow defeat in the ber any mishaps or anything,” Asmussen said “Untapable has never re- Azeri Stakes (gr. II) before rebounding to win with a laugh when asked about those early ally touched grass, and she the April 10 Apple Blossom Handicap (gr. I). years. “Before I trained, when I was still in doesn’t really need to at this “I feel that the success is a continuation of high school, it was a dream come true to be point,” Winchell said. “But Ron’s father’s breeding program,” Asmussen around some of those Winchell homebreds.” when she broke her maiden, said. “Ron exudes quality in everything he Nearly two decades later Ron Winchell I had a conversation with does, especially how he handles himself. He’s moved much of his stable east from Southern Steve about where we were a class act when he wins and a class act when California and into the barn of Steve Asmus- headed with this horse, and he doesn’t.” sen, whose career as a public trainer was on I asked, ‘Why don’t we think Winchell said Fun House and Tapit will the rise. about running her in the have a date every breeding season as long as “At that point I was just extremely grate- Breeders’ Cup Juvenile Fil- both are able, and he is looking ahead to the ful for the opportunity,” Asmussen said. “My lies Turf (gr. IT)?’ His com- day Untapable eventually joins the brood- whole family has been very fortunate to be in- ment to me was ‘Why would mare band. In that regard, it seems that he volved with the Winchells.” you want to do that when you is still considering the family’s latent turf The next decade saw the rise of Tapit—a could win the Juvenile Fillies prowess in planning the next generation. Winchell yearling purchase who won the (gr. I) dirt race?’ Then I got “The thought has crossed my mind about Wood Memorial Stakes (gr. I)—into North it—he really liked this horse. sending Untapable to Europe to breed her to America’s pre-eminent sire and now a con- Steve obviously recognized Galileo and then bringing her back to Ken- stant infuser of quality into the Winchell that quality very early.” tucky. It depends on when she retires, how breeding operation. Like all the other Untapable didn’t win much time he has left, and whether you can Winchell yearlings, Tapit received his early the Breeders’ Cup Juvenile even get a season to him, but that would be a training with the Asmussens in Laredo. ­Fillies—she was eighth—but pretty neat idea if we could pull it off.” MW

FUN HOUSE’S LIFETIME PROGENY RECORD Foals Named FORA Runners Winners SWs GSWs G1SWs ‘14 GSWns Progeny Earnings 10 8 5 4 2 2 2 6 $5,236,954

Patty O'Rahy Time to Tap mare, Unr filly, Unr FUN HOUSE Wild Chant RAHY Double Tapped TAPIT Unnamed BAY MARE, 1999 mare, Wnr mare,Wnr filly WAR CHANT TAPIT TAPIT Kris S. Sharp Queen PRIZED My Dad George ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 My Turbulent Miss Turbulent Miss Pago Pago Highland Bro Taprize Classic Go Go Classic Perfection gelding, Pl colt, Unr BISTRA STREET SENSE TAPIT Whitesburg Paddy O'Prado Untapable Unnamed Carols Christmas horse, G1SW filly, G1SW filly Light Verse EL PRADO TAPIT TAPIT

MarketWatch / 7 Kentucky Farms

LANE’S END FARM VALKYRE STUD RECENT HORSES RAISED HERE: RECENT HORSES RAISED HERE: Palace Malice, Rags to Riches, Shared Belief Justin Phillip, Milwaukee Brew, Riskaverse

The main farm has 2,000 acres of gently The trick with my farm—and it’s been my best rolling pasture with a sizeable creek that runs partner—is that it’s just so hilly. The soil is a little heavier through it. Because we have so much room than the heart of Central Kentucky, and there’s more clay to rotate pastures, we can keep the grazing in it. There’s not any rock; it’s just a heavier soil. I shake for the horses fresh. We have the ability to my head every year because the horses have continued take fields out of action for a period of time to outrun their pedigrees. But it’s kind of like Calumet—it’s and give the grass a chance to come back. very hilly. They’ve got to run up the hill to get to the barn Overgrazing is probably the worst thing you and run down the hill to get to the water.” can do to a farm. Pasture is what makes –owner Catherine Parke the horses. Everybody is on even terms with feed because all places have good hay and good horse feed, but what separates us is the pasture management, and it makes it a lot easier to manage pasture when you have plenty of it.” –farm manager Mike Cline SCOTT COUNTY

GEORGETOWN WINTER QUARTER FARM RECENT HORSES RAISED HERE: Balance, Midnight Interlude, Zenyatta MIDWAY FAYETTE COUNTY They talk about the North being the great ground—up Paris Pike. But this is a little pocket of phenomenal land. Deep soil profile; it’s superior, prime soils. It’s the best that the Bluegrass offers.” –owner Don Robinson VERSAILLES LEXINGTON

WOODFORD COUNTY

RAMSEY FARM TAYLOR MADE FARM RECENT HORSES RAISED RECENT HORSES RAISED HERE: Kitten’s Joy, Real Solution, HERE: American Pharoah, Stephanie’s Kitten Creative Cause, Drosselmeyer

This farm is actually the oldest I don’t think there’s horse farm in Kentucky. It’s older a whole lot of difference than the Constitution of the United between Nicholasville and States, so it’s always been a horse the northern part of Lexington. farm. But what I think makes it so We might have a few more special is that good topsoil, and hills, the rolling hills, here. also Nicholasville has a lot of The key is having at least an underground water. There’s all that NICHOLASVILLE acre per horse, and we like limestone, and the water is very to keep our horses out as good. We took our farm off city much as possible. We only water 10 or 15 years ago and bring them up a couple of now it’s back on original spring JESSAMINE COUNTY hours each day—check them, water. I think the water is the key check their feet, make sure to it.” they’re taken care of, and –farm manager Mark Partridge turn them back out.” –farm manager Tom Hamm

MarketWatch / 8

BONA TERRA STUD DARLEY RECENT HORSES RAISED RACELAND FARM HERE: Dortmund, Dullahan, RECENT HORSES Lay of the Land Flower Alley RAISED HERE: Our topsoil is tremendous. It’s Bernardini, Emcee, Tempera What’s so great about really good land in this area. I As a farm, Raceland is just really love where I am. Great probably as good of land as Central Kentucky farmland? topsoil, a fresh water source, rolling we own in Central Kentucky. hills, and I always feel like I live It has big, rolling fields, BY IAN TAPP in paradise—I’m so lucky. I hardly which I think are fantastic ever fertilize, we just do natural to raise horses on. There’s fertilizer—we spread our muck— maybe a half-mile open f you are a wine drinker, you might and we do not have to reseed a stretch in the fields with no whole lot. The protein content is be familiar with California’s Napa Val- interference; they can gallop I just tremendous. I stopped feeding ley. The world has many other places that across the fields, changing at the beginning of April. After the leads and getting balance produce great wines, as fans of Bordeaux grass comes in here, you hardly without us interfering with have to feed.” or Piemonte will remind you, but Napa is them. That helps young –owner Emilie Fojan certainly the best-known wine region in horses to develop. There’s also fantastic topsoil out the United States. Within Napa there are BOURBON COUNTY there—there’s great depth several sub-appellations whose microcli- to it. The soil makeup is the mates, soil types, and topographies impart Bluegrass Maury silt, and PARIS that’s some of the better land unique characteristics to the wines pro- to raise horses on.” duced there—Rutherford, St. Helena, and –farm manager Michael Banahan Stags Leap District are just a few of these Napa locales, and a discerning palate will confirm that quality is not always equal from one site to the next. CLAIBORNE FARM (continued on page 10) RECENT HORSES RAISED HERE: Blame, Lea, Orb

The soil is really rich in this area, and we’ve got a lot of creeks and streams. We believe having the limestone and nutrients in the ground is key to raising a good horse. We have plenty of grass and we don’t overgraze. With 3,000 acres, we try to keep it so that there’s three to four acres per head so they’ve got plenty of land to roam. As they run and play out in these fields, going up and down hills is definitely a muscle-building process. You wouldn’t want to raise a horse on flat land.” –farm manager Bradley Purcell

HEART OF THE INNER BLUEGRASS

TIMBER TOWN STABLE CLARKLAND FARM RECENT HORSES RAISED HERE: Tonalist RECENT HORSES RAISED HERE: Beholder

As far as I’m concerned, the best soil in the area is Land that has big trees is always a sign (between Lexington, Midway, and Versailles). That golden of good land—land with a lot of bur oaks triangle, that’s some pretty serious good ground. I’ve only and large hardwoods. Our farm also has a been on this land for six and a half years, so I haven’t natural roll to it, so there’s not a field on the had much time to raise really good racehorses off here, farm where the water doesn’t drain off of it but Darby Dan would fall in the same area I’m in now and go somewhere else. So there’s no water and I was at Darby Dan for 20 years, and we raised tons left standing on the farm. We also raise all our of good horses—Soaring Softly, Grass Wonder, Memories own hay. Instead of buying some out-of-state of Silver—and I’m only two miles as the crow flies from hay for the horses, if we believe the ground Darby Dan. They’ll come off my place. When you have here produces the best grass in the country for the kind of genetics of the horses that live there now, and horses, then why wouldn’t the hay do the same you add in the soil and the land, invariably there’s going thing? Everything we feed is grown here on to be good horses come off here.” the farm.” –owner Wayne Sweezey –co-owners Marty Buckner & Fred Mitchell

MarketWatch / 9 Kentucky Farms

The analogy carries over to Central Kentucky and its qual- ity farmland where a high con- centration of successful Thor- oughbred nurseries are found. Most of the best North Ameri- can stallions reside here, and so follow the broodmares and young progeny that grow up on the famed Kentucky bluegrass. While it’s not the only place ca- pable of raising a good horse— look no further than Horse of the Year California Chrome to prove that great American racehorses don’t have to come from Central Kentucky—it cer- tainly is the most famous. But surely all Central Ken- The Inner Bluegrass region is tucky land can’t be equal for characterized by deep, well-drained soil raising young horses. Do cer- tain areas provide developmen- ANNE M. EBERHARDT tal advantages for the horses being raised there? If so, what criteria can breeders and buyers you get shallower soils with more shale in the geology.” use to identify the best farmland from which to source future Farmer (whose surname makes sense given his expertise) said racing and bloodstock investments? Inner Bluegrass topsoil is typically about 10-12 inches deep, but The prime Central Kentucky farmland sits on a region sur- the soil itself can go down to six feet before hitting rock. rounding Lexington known as the Inner Bluegrass, which Much of the best Inner Bluegrass farmland was identified covers the counties of Bourbon, Fayette, Franklin, Harrison, long before the Thoroughbred farms came along. According to Jessamine, Scott, and Woodford. the Kentucky Farm Bureau, tobacco was Kentucky’s top crop “The Inner Bluegrass is where these deep, well-drained soils for most of the 1900s before horses surpassed it in the 1990s. are,” explained Charlie Farmer, Fayette County district con- (By 2010, poultry had passed both horses and tobacco as Ken- servationist with the Natural Resources Conservation Ser- tucky’s top agricultural product.) Decades ago just about every vice. “What we have here is the calcium carbonate, limestone-­ Central Kentucky farmer would have been growing some derived soils. When you start driving out of the Inner ­Bluegrass, tobacco, or at least as much as he was legally allowed. ANNE M. EBERHARDT Horses surpassed tobacco as Kentucky’s top crop in the 1990s

New Deal-era legislation known as the Agricultural Adjustment Act determined the quota, or “base,” of tobacco, in pounds, that each farmer could grow. The quota system ended

ANNE M. EBERHARDT in 2004 with the Fair and Equitable Tobacco Reform Act—the Kentucky’s Inner Bluegrass region includes Bourbon, Fayette, so-called “tobacco buyout.” Franklin, Harrison, Jessamine, Scott, and Woodford counties Don Robinson’s Winter Quarter Farm in southwestern

MarketWatch / 10 Kentucky Farms BILL LUSTER

Some of Central Kentucky’s best Thoroughbred land was formerly used for tobacco

­Fayette County is one of dozens of Ken- “Tobacco was your cash crop, so it Town Stable—home to Mandy Pope’s tucky farms that now occupy former to- would have been grown in your best soils prized broodmare band—in Fayette bacco land. Champion mare Zenyatta, to maximize yield,” Farmer said. “If you County, also holds the precious soil in among other top racehorses, was raised had tobacco, whatever your base was, high regard. at Winter Quarter. you would put that on your best land, “If you study the soil maps of the Blue- “Our paddocks are laid out accord- and if you were growing corn, you would grass, there are areas that have better ing to that old tobacco base, which back put that on your second-best land.” soil than others,” Sweezey said. “The in the old days required about 25 acres Farmer said 68% of Fayette County piece of property that I am on, the soils minimum,” Robinson said. “Over the is considered prime farmland and, of have been tested and the majority of it is years, as the tobacco varieties got bet- that, the majority is composed of what Maury silt; it’s really top-end soil.” ter and the farming methods improved, is known as Maury silt loam, charac- Soil quality is so desirable because of you could probably grow that base on terized as deep, well-drained, high- what it can yield, and for raising horses a quarter or half of that acreage. But phosphorus soil. Central Kentucky farm the yield is pasture. Regardless of the those-sized fields are unparalleled for owners and managers tend to wax po- precise soil composition, farm manag- raising young horses. They’re big, roam- etic at any mention of the Maury soils. ers agree that the farm’s ability to grow ing fields—great sizes for lots of up-and- “The Maury silt loam—that’s the grass is paramount. down exercise.” Mercedes soil,” said Catherine Parke, Parke’s Valkyre Stud property is While those ready-made tobacco whose Valkyre Stud lies north of composed of heavier soils than are typ- fields gave Thoroughbred farms imme- Georgetown in Scott County. “It’s beau- ically found in the heart of Central Ken- diate utility in terms of acreage, an ad- tiful. I don’t have all Maury silt loam, but tucky. Despite that, Parke said it grows ditional advantage was that they were I have a little bit.” good pasture all the same. typically the farms’ best plots of land. Wayne Sweezey, who operates ­Timber “Bluegrass, orchardgrass, perennial rye, and you put a little white Dutch clo- ver in there—that’s a wonderful recipe, and heavier soils grow that as well,” Parke said. “There’s a big, broad area of Kentucky that grows really great grass on land without rock.” And what about those scenic, rolling hills that define the Bluegrass region? For that, Sweezey makes an important observation. “The key is growing the grass,” he said. “The importance of having rolling hills is as much to do with the drainage as with having the horses walk up and down it. If the farm has a good roll to it, that means it drains well—you won’t ANNE M. EBERHARDT have bogs or low areas, so you have Large, rolling fields provide young horses opportunities for up-and-down exercise good ground to grow grass on.” MW

MarketWatch / 11 Top 250 Broodmare Sires by AEI The chart below features the top broodmare sires by lifetime Average Earnings Index (AEI). To be considered, a stallion had to be represented as a broodmare sire by a minimum of 10 North American runners in 2014 and at least $4 million in lifetime earnings. The formulas that produce the broodmare sire AEI and CI (Comparable Index) are explained by a graphic on page 66. First crop year (FCY) corresponds with first foals as broodmare sire. The table includes the number of runners, winners, and stakes winners, and the average earnings for the progeny of the sire’s daughters. Racing categories include percentages of named foals of racing age. The Producers column gives the number (and percentage) of a sire’s daughters that have produced at least one winner. Statistics are worldwide but include Northern Hemisphere-born runners only.

Rnrs Wnrs Producers Avg. Rnrs Wnrs Producers Avg. Rank Broodmare Sire (FCY) AEI CI SWrs Rank Broodmare Sire (FCY) AEI CI SWrs (% Fls) (% Fls) (% Fillies) Earnings (% Fls) (% Fls) (% Fillies) Earnings 28 A.P. Indy (’98) 1.73 1.51 1,612 (77%) 1,084 (52%) 124 389 (60%) $88,944 85 Citidancer (’97) 1.48 1.35 407 (77%) 297 (56%) 29 101 (52%) $70,529 86 Affirmed (’86) 1.47 1.42 1,991 (79%) 1,416 (56%) 131 344 (79%) $79,878 128 Concern (’01) 1.38 1.33 154 (77%) 103 (52%) 3 41 (31%) $77,909 239 Afternoon Deelites (’02) 1.23 1.33 279 (73%) 209 (55%) 17 88 (28%) $66,926 205 Concorde’s Tune (’00) 1.27 1.18 162 (78%) 93 (45%) 9 48 (18%) $51,461 43 Alleged (’84) 1.61 1.43 1,877 (75%) 1,217 (49%) 147 347 (73%) $65,845 197 Conquistador Cielo (’88) 1.28 1.36 1,771 (78%) 1,275 (56%) 127 323 (72%) $65,475 21 Alydar (’85) 1.78 1.48 1,919 (82%) 1,328 (57%) 145 287 (83%) $96,228 205 Cormorant (’83) 1.27 1.36 740 (76%) 511 (53%) 48 146 (49%) $53,502 78 Alysheba (’93) 1.50 1.45 765 (81%) 511 (54%) 62 133 (59%) $84,462 109 Coronado’s Quest (’03) 1.43 1.42 403 (80%) 296 (58%) 23 124 (51%) $74,103 30 Anabaa (’02) 1.71 1.36 661 (75%) 372 (42%) 30 193 (46%) $50,786 184 Corporate Report (’98) 1.29 1.29 291 (71%) 217 (53%) 21 70 (34%) $61,654 24 Arazi (’98) 1.77 1.38 431 (78%) 287 (52%) 30 90 (46%) $69,370 168 Cox’s Ridge (’85) 1.31 1.40 1,503 (78%) 1,093 (57%) 97 297 (74%) $57,619 6 Arch (’03) 2.06 1.46 228 (79%) 163 (57%) 18 80 (19%) $93,278 212 Cozzene (’91) 1.26 1.37 1,401 (78%) 944 (52%) 87 307 (61%) $66,552 184 Ascot Knight (’94) 1.29 1.37 570 (75%) 380 (50%) 49 129 (42%) $60,017 205 Cure the Blues (’87) 1.27 1.36 1,597 (78%) 1,108 (54%) 90 298 (63%) $69,874 81 Assert (IRE) (’88) 1.49 1.42 589 (74%) 328 (41%) 38 115 (54%) $49,924 137 Dahar (’92) 1.36 1.29 275 (77%) 182 (51%) 17 53 (27%) $62,346 154 Atticus (’03) 1.33 1.40 195 (73%) 129 (48%) 13 56 (23%) $53,652 81 Dancing Brave (’93) 1.49 1.36 1,116 (86%) 736 (57%) 69 191 (81%) $124,651 41 Awesome Again (’03) 1.62 1.42 429 (75%) 318 (56%) 41 147 (31%) $85,254 40 Danehill (’95) 1.63 1.31 2,208 (79%) 1,331 (48%) 135 461 (71%) $71,928 220 Badger Land (’94) 1.25 1.25 226 (72%) 163 (52%) 20 57 (46%) $58,480 67 (’86) 1.54 1.42 2,758 (78%) 1,835 (52%) 200 427 (80%) $100,203 220 Baillamont (’92) 1.25 1.33 420 (79%) 231 (43%) 20 71 (33%) $54,978 14 Darshaan (GB) (’91) 1.87 1.39 2,066 (76%) 1,263 (47%) 203 362 (82%) $67,641 81 Baldski (’85) 1.49 1.40 826 (77%) 595 (55%) 60 165 (60%) $67,529 145 Dashing Blade (GB) (’97) 1.34 1.32 539 (70%) 299 (39%) 45 135 (30%) $46,185 93 Banker’s Gold (’04) 1.46 1.28 114 (67%) 73 (43%) 4 40 (20%) $58,161 250 Dayjur (’96) 1.21 1.42 843 (78%) 547 (50%) 52 159 (55%) $65,187 212 Barathea (IRE) (’00) 1.26 1.32 1,016 (75%) 547 (40%) 65 259 (42%) $51,853 99 Daylami (IRE) (’05) 1.45 1.41 279 (77%) 152 (42%) 13 91 (31%) $31,370 250 Be My Guest (’83) 1.21 1.32 2,134 (72%) 1,208 (41%) 118 372 (62%) $49,744 12 Defensive Play (’97) 1.91 1.31 183 (70%) 117 (44%) 6 47 (32%) $47,269 197 Bel Bolide (’91) 1.28 1.34 174 (69%) 122 (48%) 14 40 (25%) $88,906 55 Dehere (’99) 1.58 1.34 797 (77%) 606 (58%) 54 193 (37%) $90,750 145 Belong to Me (’99) 1.34 1.35 699 (73%) 494 (52%) 46 207 (35%) $60,075 168 Deputed Testamony (’90) 1.31 1.42 308 (75%) 231 (56%) 21 71 (34%) $58,523 15 Birdonthewire (’02) 1.85 1.31 90 (67%) 64 (48%) 10 27 (17%) $90,051 36 Deputy Minister (’89) 1.66 1.44 2,526 (80%) 1,864 (59%) 228 493 (84%) $88,958 4 Blushing Groom (FR) (’83) 2.10 1.50 1,442 (79%) 1,003 (55%) 144 219 (83%) $112,599 93 Desert Wine (’90) 1.46 1.34 502 (74%) 344 (51%) 37 101 (42%) $60,900 197 Bold n’ Flashy (’02) 1.28 1.32 86 (72%) 53 (45%) 4 24 (14%) $57,705 162 Devil His Due (’01) 1.32 1.31 426 (71%) 293 (49%) 21 135 (25%) $57,904 137 Bold Ruckus (’86) 1.36 1.33 1,163 (79%) 847 (57%) 100 237 (71%) $64,753 220 Diesis (GB) (’89) 1.25 1.38 1,756 (74%) 1,000 (42%) 94 349 (59%) $47,000 177 Boston Harbor (’03) 1.30 1.39 497 (84%) 334 (57%) 26 133 (41%) $74,821 212 Distant Relative (IRE) (’96) 1.26 1.31 431 (62%) 230 (33%) 26 92 (35%) $45,071 99 Broad Brush (’94) 1.45 1.45 1,298 (79%) 940 (57%) 102 271 (79%) $71,816 67 Distant View (’01) 1.54 1.37 466 (74%) 280 (44%) 26 123 (45%) $66,591 220 Buckfinder (’84) 1.25 1.33 616 (72%) 459 (53%) 43 138 (45%) $45,849 73 Distorted Humor (’04) 1.52 1.45 446 (71%) 314 (50%) 37 175 (30%) $67,429 86 Caerleon (’89) 1.47 1.37 2,746 (83%) 1,730 (53%) 166 430 (81%) $93,755 212 Dixie Brass (’98) 1.26 1.25 356 (73%) 250 (51%) 20 103 (44%) $59,613 250 Candy Stripes (’95) 1.21 1.34 158 (71%) 91 (41%) 3 32 (32%) $68,997 52 Dixieland Band (’91) 1.59 1.37 2,415 (79%) 1,812 (60%) 182 500 (71%) $82,792 73 Cape Cross (IRE) (’05) 1.52 1.38 328 (75%) 169 (39%) 18 111 (17%) $52,131 61 Doc’s Leader (’98) 1.56 1.35 111 (80%) 78 (56%) 9 27 (37%) $84,309 197 Capote (’93) 1.28 1.40 1,463 (79%) 1,052 (57%) 95 314 (72%) $67,184 17 Doneraile Court (’05) 1.82 1.39 125 (70%) 81 (45%) 13 42 (15%) $72,593 129 Cardoun (FR) (’99) 1.37 1.10 126 (65%) 60 (31%) 5 30 (21%) $49,332 239 Double Bed (FR) (’95) 1.23 1.12 221 (58%) 101 (26%) 8 52 (33%) $48,609 86 Carson City (’95) 1.47 1.35 1,352 (77%) 1,014 (58%) 120 341 (65%) $70,804 250 Double Negative (’98) 1.21 1.26 127 (76%) 94 (56%) 8 34 (38%) $60,556 1 Catienus (’07) 2.81 1.46 68 (69%) 47 (47%) 8 31 (10%) $118,113 184 Dr. Blum (’86) 1.29 1.37 486 (71%) 325 (48%) 32 109 (44%) $54,135 220 Caveat (’89) 1.25 1.40 724 (80%) 521 (58%) 34 134 (59%) $62,942 118 Dubai Millennium (GB) (’07) 1.41 1.63 79 (79%) 54 (54%) 1 24 (86%) $93,555 212 Cherokee Run (’01) 1.26 1.40 608 (76%) 420 (52%) 25 194 (43%) $61,591 177 Dynaformer (’96) 1.30 1.38 1,354 (79%) 964 (56%) 109 353 (51%) $61,213 104 Chester House (’06) 1.44 1.57 146 (74%) 100 (51%) 14 56 (47%) $60,154 27 Easy Goer (’95) 1.73 1.60 309 (77%) 215 (54%) 23 47 (76%) $96,266 239 Chief’s Crown (’91) 1.23 1.40 1,102 (77%) 749 (53%) 70 187 (72%) $77,598 116 El Corredor (’07) 1.42 1.43 167 (74%) 102 (45%) 11 62 (13%) $55,111

MarketWatch / 12 Broodmare Sires

Rnrs Wnrs Producers Avg. Rnrs Wnrs Producers Avg. Rank Broodmare Sire (FCY) AEI CI SWrs Rank Broodmare Sire (FCY) AEI CI SWrs (% Fls) (% Fls) (% Fillies) Earnings (% Fls) (% Fls) (% Fillies) Earnings 70 El Gran Senor (’90) 1.53 1.42 862 (81%) 588 (55%) 69 149 (76%) $79,183 10 Key of Luck (’01) 1.92 1.31 149 (72%) 69 (33%) 9 40 (14%) $52,520 232 El Prado (IRE) (’98) 1.24 1.41 843 (72%) 547 (47%) 38 243 (47%) $55,645 16 Key to the Mint (’79) 1.83 1.48 1,415 (76%) 991 (53%) 117 248 (79%) $66,260 239 Ela-Mana-Mou (IRE) (’86) 1.23 1.34 998 (72%) 567 (41%) 81 189 (65%) $39,634 30 Kingmambo (’99) 1.71 1.46 1,273 (82%) 797 (51%) 90 301 (66%) $89,416 135 Elusive Quality (’04) 1.36 1.44 504 (73%) 321 (46%) 25 180 (29%) $46,353 250 Kris (GB) (’87) 1.21 1.42 1,649 (76%) 918 (42%) 101 302 (72%) $51,126 65 Fappiano (’86) 1.55 1.47 1,207 (79%) 883 (58%) 103 189 (86%) $83,163 86 Kris S. (’87) 1.47 1.41 1,757 (80%) 1,259 (57%) 114 348 (77%) $72,549 184 Fast Play (’94) 1.29 1.31 392 (79%) 278 (56%) 25 93 (38%) $58,245 137 Lagunas (GB) (’90) 1.36 1.32 342 (74%) 231 (50%) 23 69 (33%) $34,580 2 Flying Chevron (’03) 2.59 1.36 42 (64%) 31 (47%) 4 14 (17%) $122,925 81 Lando (GER) (’01) 1.49 1.33 217 (70%) 134 (43%) 17 58 (18%) $42,625 154 Flying Paster (’86) 1.33 1.37 848 (77%) 634 (57%) 74 166 (71%) $57,610 250 Langfuhr (’03) 1.21 1.33 440 (72%) 285 (47%) 33 145 (22%) $50,958 197 Forest Wildcat (’02) 1.28 1.42 658 (79%) 476 (57%) 41 197 (40%) $61,299 162 Last Tycoon (IRE) (’91) 1.32 1.27 1,352 (80%) 759 (45%) 63 252 (53%) $65,222 239 Forestry (’05) 1.23 1.47 445 (76%) 308 (53%) 15 169 (34%) $55,166 247 Law Society (’91) 1.22 1.28 1,048 (71%) 600 (41%) 73 194 (45%) $58,024 212 Fortunate Prospect (’93) 1.26 1.30 796 (80%) 568 (57%) 47 186 (46%) $60,972 184 Lear Fan (’90) 1.29 1.34 1,300 (77%) 835 (49%) 79 281 (63%) $60,470 247 Forty Niner (’94) 1.22 1.45 1,827 (88%) 1,251 (60%) 90 346 (76%) $82,754 78 Lemon Drop Kid (’06) 1.50 1.51 261 (76%) 168 (49%) 22 96 (19%) $58,657 41 French Deputy (’01) 1.62 1.32 891 (88%) 632 (62%) 64 260 (45%) $112,308 168 L’Enjoleur (’81) 1.31 1.37 1,030 (78%) 729 (55%) 58 190 (57%) $43,367 123 Galileo (IRE) (’07) 1.40 1.41 313 (70%) 193 (43%) 22 127 (17%) $43,188 145 Linamix (FR) (’96) 1.34 1.35 1,127 (74%) 620 (41%) 75 257 (58%) $46,904 168 Generous (IRE) (’97) 1.31 1.37 828 (84%) 515 (52%) 45 164 (31%) $78,263 232 Lomitas (GB) (’01) 1.24 1.33 390 (68%) 242 (42%) 25 100 (30%) $37,568 67 Giant’s Causeway (’06) 1.54 1.46 577 (74%) 350 (45%) 34 199 (25%) $70,075 37 Lord At War (ARG) (’92) 1.65 1.41 774 (78%) 558 (56%) 53 149 (72%) $77,762 212 Go for Gin (’01) 1.26 1.32 252 (79%) 173 (54%) 17 69 (34%) $69,050 109 Luhuk (’02) 1.43 1.32 62 (70%) 36 (41%) 6 15 (17%) $70,632 154 Gone West (’93) 1.33 1.44 1,922 (79%) 1,296 (53%) 104 416 (65%) $74,334 220 Lure (’00) 1.25 1.49 137 (83%) 75 (45%) 6 31 (66%) $45,481 46 Good and Tough (’06) 1.60 1.37 76 (73%) 51 (49%) 6 25 (11%) $62,941 145 Lycius (’96) 1.34 1.39 460 (77%) 255 (42%) 24 105 (37%) $60,450 104 Great Above (’84) 1.44 1.32 976 (77%) 740 (58%) 77 188 (60%) $65,627 55 Lyphard (’78) 1.58 1.44 2,449 (78%) 1,577 (50%) 200 388 (85%) $78,389 137 Great Commotion (’98) 1.36 1.39 97 (70%) 62 (45%) 10 21 (26%) $89,270 43 Machiavellian (’96) 1.61 1.43 1,184 (82%) 747 (51%) 86 264 (72%) $100,189 205 Great Gladiator (’88) 1.27 1.30 344 (74%) 245 (53%) 18 72 (31%) $60,591 168 Malibu Moon (’05) 1.31 1.48 185 (71%) 134 (51%) 13 82 (13%) $48,348 154 Green Dancer (’82) 1.33 1.35 2,338 (77%) 1,504 (50%) 154 385 (74%) $49,911 127 Manila (’93) 1.39 1.38 558 (65%) 343 (40%) 34 100 (37%) $59,609 144 Green Tune (’01) 1.35 1.33 344 (62%) 163 (29%) 13 88 (25%) $34,803 18 Mari’s Book (’89) 1.80 1.35 372 (71%) 272 (52%) 34 85 (46%) $92,058 205 Grindstone (’02) 1.27 1.36 351 (76%) 247 (53%) 21 91 (29%) $66,083 70 Mark of Esteem (IRE) (’02) 1.53 1.31 467 (78%) 262 (44%) 28 124 (34%) $54,125 250 Gulch (’94) 1.21 1.41 1,559 (79%) 1,059 (54%) 71 319 (58%) $66,297 220 Marquetry (’98) 1.25 1.29 685 (74%) 466 (51%) 40 176 (39%) $61,425 46 Hail the Ruckus (’97) 1.60 1.24 71 (88%) 53 (65%) 5 12 (18%) $82,623 184 Mazel Trick (’05) 1.29 1.31 146 (69%) 94 (45%) 7 54 (26%) $61,968 99 Halo (’80) 1.45 1.38 2,283 (81%) 1,618 (57%) 150 322 (82%) $67,457 239 Meadowlake (’92) 1.23 1.36 1,522 (78%) 1,082 (55%) 85 335 (67%) $58,905 162 Hernando (FR) (’01) 1.32 1.37 420 (68%) 227 (37%) 30 111 (31%) $40,382 52 Miswaki (’87) 1.59 1.36 2,302 (79%) 1,609 (56%) 172 435 (72%) $86,640 177 Highest Honor (FR) (’94) 1.30 1.35 969 (71%) 501 (37%) 53 228 (55%) $62,884 30 Monsun (GER) (’02) 1.71 1.44 417 (73%) 246 (43%) 37 123 (36%) $56,744 118 His Majesty (’78) 1.41 1.42 1,427 (77%) 997 (54%) 97 259 (73%) $48,204 109 Montjeu (IRE) (’06) 1.43 1.39 299 (67%) 158 (36%) 12 121 (23%) $42,385 168 Homme de Loi (IRE) (’98) 1.31 1.30 141 (51%) 53 (19%) 6 32 (20%) $44,945 65 More Than Ready (’06) 1.55 1.45 206 (76%) 141 (52%) 16 83 (14%) $54,052 93 Horse Chestnut (SAF) (’05) 1.46 1.46 145 (71%) 92 (45%) 12 51 (25%) $47,321 13 Mr. Prospector (’80) 1.88 1.49 3,605 (83%) 2,599 (60%) 385 513 (88%) $98,898 205 In Excess (IRE) (’99) 1.27 1.33 542 (66%) 379 (46%) 36 172 (29%) $57,912 162 Mr. Sparkles (’97) 1.32 1.20 110 (72%) 71 (47%) 7 24 (23%) $64,166 123 Indian Charlie (’03) 1.40 1.43 293 (72%) 209 (52%) 30 111 (21%) $62,263 9 Nijinsky II (’75) 1.96 1.50 2,564 (79%) 1,720 (53%) 244 362 (89%) $88,564 99 Indian Ridge (IRE) (’95) 1.45 1.35 1,220 (77%) 688 (43%) 81 278 (59%) $52,569 129 No Louder (’94) 1.37 1.40 141 (71%) 100 (51%) 12 34 (29%) $68,633 184 Irish River (FR) (’85) 1.29 1.38 2,032 (78%) 1,236 (48%) 126 336 (73%) $55,719 197 Northern Idol (’00) 1.28 1.25 68 (64%) 38 (36%) 2 17 (25%) $59,834 197 Is It True (’94) 1.28 1.31 199 (71%) 147 (52%) 10 62 (33%) $44,930 109 Not For Love (’01) 1.43 1.43 404 (71%) 270 (47%) 17 132 (28%) $71,043 177 Java Gold (’94) 1.30 1.39 466 (79%) 331 (56%) 27 82 (44%) $65,545 212 Notebook (’96) 1.26 1.32 766 (74%) 572 (55%) 34 189 (60%) $63,750 129 Jeune Homme (’02) 1.37 1.38 109 (60%) 48 (27%) 4 21 (19%) $50,991 18 Nureyev (’86) 1.80 1.46 2,231 (81%) 1,520 (55%) 211 343 (86%) $111,698 239 Johannesburg (’07) 1.23 1.41 149 (70%) 89 (42%) 11 66 (13%) $44,414 46 Ocean Crest (’01) 1.60 1.50 59 (48%) 39 (31%) 8 14 (8%) $70,771 145 Jules (’03) 1.34 1.29 119 (71%) 84 (50%) 8 42 (42%) $47,193 145 Old Trieste (’05) 1.34 1.40 181 (78%) 123 (53%) 14 63 (61%) $51,325 5 Kahyasi (IRE) (’94) 2.09 1.33 507 (59%) 269 (31%) 42 133 (36%) $75,354 7 Old Vic (GB) (’96) 2.04 1.23 181 (34%) 90 (17%) 14 87 (11%) $44,106 116 Kendor (FR) (’95) 1.42 1.32 682 (70%) 352 (36%) 44 154 (45%) $50,183 129 Olympio (’99) 1.37 1.35 365 (70%) 264 (50%) 31 89 (30%) $69,049 184 Kenmare (FR) (’84) 1.29 1.31 754 (75%) 413 (41%) 40 130 (61%) $50,715 10 Orientate (’08) 1.92 1.47 114 (67%) 68 (40%) 9 50 (14%) $59,038

MarketWatch / 13 Broodmare Sires Rnrs Wnrs Producers Avg. Rnrs Wnrs Producers Avg. Rank Broodmare Sire (FCY) AEI CI SWrs Rank Broodmare Sire (FCY) AEI CI SWrs (% Fls) (% Fls) (% Fillies) Earnings (% Fls) (% Fls) (% Fillies) Earnings 76 Peintre Celebre (’03) 1.51 1.38 468 (77%) 254 (42%) 28 127 (29%) $44,649 8 Smart Strike (’01) 1.99 1.44 545 (77%) 380 (54%) 51 180 (25%) $103,265 184 Pennekamp (’03) 1.29 1.29 179 (64%) 86 (31%) 8 48 (29%) $50,202 57 Smarten (’84) 1.57 1.40 1,004 (77%) 720 (55%) 68 197 (61%) $68,725 136 Pentelicus (’96) 1.36 1.32 710 (76%) 516 (55%) 48 174 (53%) $65,217 86 Smile (’92) 1.47 1.26 317 (71%) 217 (48%) 13 68 (49%) $65,363 250 Pivotal (GB) (’02) 1.21 1.41 607 (75%) 340 (42%) 34 204 (28%) $39,906 118 Southern Halo (’94) 1.41 1.39 707 (79%) 467 (52%) 36 144 (48%) $49,626 184 Platini (GER) (’00) 1.29 1.35 313 (69%) 187 (41%) 23 82 (27%) $78,987 104 Spectacular Bid (’86) 1.44 1.40 1,222 (77%) 848 (54%) 86 234 (59%) $60,004 57 Pleasant Colony (’87) 1.57 1.44 1,400 (81%) 1,020 (59%) 93 250 (80%) $75,540 184 Stop the Music (’81) 1.29 1.39 1,583 (78%) 1,081 (53%) 99 252 (68%) $56,117 61 Pleasant Tap (’98) 1.56 1.42 568 (74%) 381 (50%) 40 157 (32%) $82,002 70 Storm Bird (’87) 1.53 1.40 1,851 (79%) 1,301 (56%) 137 303 (82%) $78,963 220 Polar Falcon (’97) 1.25 1.27 499 (72%) 290 (42%) 29 126 (55%) $39,828 34 Storm Cat (’93) 1.69 1.46 2,722 (81%) 1,914 (57%) 213 530 (73%) $105,097 93 Private Account (’86) 1.46 1.44 1,494 (80%) 1,062 (57%) 112 230 (85%) $73,539 29 Stravinsky (’05) 1.72 1.38 296 (70%) 175 (41%) 19 90 (24%) $54,592 46 Prized (’97) 1.60 1.35 425 (75%) 317 (56%) 36 98 (36%) $73,238 57 Strawberry Road (AUS) (’92) 1.57 1.48 673 (80%) 505 (60%) 61 130 (70%) $73,063 232 Street Cry (IRE) (’07) 1.24 1.49 138 (71%) 86 (44%) 7 68 (14%) $39,588 129 Pulpit (’03) 1.37 1.49 508 (78%) 348 (53%) 30 170 (36%) $59,711 232 Summer Squall (’97) 1.24 1.46 657 (83%) 484 (61%) 38 131 (79%) $66,207 247 Quest for Fame (GB) (’98) 1.22 1.29 268 (67%) 163 (41%) 19 63 (49%) $51,860 30 Sunday Silence (’97) 1.71 1.43 3,750 (97%) 2,477 (64%) 133 636 (85%) $201,439 39 Quiet American (’97) 1.64 1.42 988 (81%) 714 (58%) 81 249 (45%) $75,633 109 Sure Blade (’92) 1.43 1.34 306 (72%) 162 (38%) 17 60 (36%) $57,184 46 Rahy (’96) 1.60 1.40 1,651 (79%) 1,191 (57%) 132 369 (65%) $78,910 99 Surumu (GER) (’86) 1.45 1.38 977 (76%) 654 (51%) 90 181 (70%) $39,647 93 Rainbow Quest (’92) 1.46 1.38 1,986 (77%) 1,104 (43%) 152 394 (68%) $55,381 184 Tabasco Cat (’01) 1.29 1.37 648 (81%) 483 (60%) 36 155 (62%) $74,282 250 Regal Classic (’96) 1.21 1.31 806 (75%) 573 (53%) 44 190 (52%) $62,301 232 Tale of the Cat (’03) 1.24 1.40 606 (76%) 417 (52%) 35 201 (27%) $55,040 145 Relaunch (’86) 1.34 1.37 1,678 (78%) 1,259 (58%) 120 295 (78%) $65,219 250 Tejabo (’99) 1.21 1.53 82 (73%) 51 (45%) 2 21 (22%) $63,738 145 Repriced (’00) 1.34 1.34 139 (62%) 102 (46%) 10 48 (27%) $62,667 177 Tejano Run (’03) 1.30 1.47 68 (76%) 45 (50%) 6 26 (16%) $98,374 35 Riverman (’79) 1.68 1.41 2,224 (77%) 1,383 (48%) 173 372 (80%) $56,792 168 Tenby (GB) (’99) 1.31 1.25 210 (82%) 114 (45%) 4 43 (13%) $70,022 154 Roar (’02) 1.33 1.34 258 (72%) 173 (48%) 9 76 (33%) $55,145 154 Tethra (’04) 1.33 1.46 73 (69%) 53 (50%) 5 24 (14%) $62,194 57 Rousillon (’92) 1.57 1.34 376 (77%) 232 (47%) 17 69 (26%) $89,138 109 The Minstrel (’83) 1.43 1.44 1,551 (82%) 1,014 (54%) 123 218 (84%) $53,635 129 Roy (’93) 1.37 1.40 296 (71%) 196 (47%) 12 61 (47%) $51,742 220 Theatrical (IRE) (’93) 1.25 1.40 1,622 (76%) 1,043 (49%) 79 354 (64%) $64,861 21 Royal Anthem (’06) 1.78 1.38 72 (65%) 41 (37%) 4 27 (11%) $62,959 137 Thirty Six Red (’97) 1.36 1.24 264 (72%) 176 (48%) 12 59 (50%) $54,585 93 Rubiano (’97) 1.46 1.33 685 (80%) 499 (58%) 50 158 (60%) $74,989 232 Tiznow (’06) 1.24 1.45 250 (78%) 168 (52%) 9 105 (20%) $54,285 46 Sadler’s Wells (’89) 1.60 1.39 4,159 (78%) 2,422 (45%) 314 788 (69%) $75,727 18 Top Ville (IRE) (’86) 1.80 1.35 840 (73%) 465 (40%) 71 147 (69%) $67,400 168 Saratoga Six (’90) 1.31 1.39 1,072 (77%) 772 (56%) 77 197 (58%) $66,490 145 Topsider (’85) 1.34 1.41 1,152 (80%) 824 (58%) 69 192 (80%) $68,034 154 Saumarez (GB) (’96) 1.33 1.38 300 (66%) 128 (28%) 11 63 (45%) $41,585 162 Touch Gold (’03) 1.32 1.42 573 (75%) 406 (53%) 27 188 (39%) $60,091 52 Schossberg (’01) 1.59 1.41 59 (75%) 39 (49%) 3 15 (38%) $74,919 239 Tricky Creek (’98) 1.23 1.24 222 (70%) 155 (49%) 9 60 (27%) $58,158 3 Sea of Secrets (’05) 2.12 1.43 55 (66%) 38 (46%) 4 21 (8%) $108,294 109 Turkoman (’92) 1.43 1.39 627 (75%) 419 (50%) 43 134 (34%) $68,595 37 Seattle Slew (’84) 1.65 1.46 2,570 (80%) 1,780 (55%) 210 451 (83%) $87,031 78 Unaccounted For (’01) 1.50 1.40 216 (67%) 142 (44%) 16 55 (17%) $73,213 73 Seattle Song (’90) 1.52 1.41 572 (80%) 358 (50%) 41 105 (60%) $68,953 86 Unbridled (’97) 1.47 1.45 1,192 (79%) 842 (56%) 78 254 (81%) $77,206 43 Secretariat (’79) 1.61 1.49 2,355 (78%) 1,581 (52%) 157 321 (87%) $60,955 76 Unbridled’s Song (’01) 1.51 1.43 995 (75%) 685 (52%) 71 301 (41%) $72,417 137 Secreto (’90) 1.36 1.35 702 (78%) 466 (52%) 42 138 (42%) $62,949 86 Valid Appeal (’82) 1.47 1.40 1,828 (82%) 1,439 (64%) 134 311 (75%) $70,017 26 Seeking the Gold (’95) 1.74 1.49 1,797 (83%) 1,258 (58%) 141 370 (74%) $104,571 118 Vicar (’06) 1.41 1.41 92 (72%) 66 (52%) 7 33 (12%) $71,276 250 Sejm (’96) 1.21 1.24 100 (71%) 68 (49%) 6 28 (20%) $43,157 25 Vice Regent (’78) 1.75 1.41 1,837 (79%) 1,355 (58%) 133 288 (80%) $79,400 220 Septieme Ciel (’96) 1.25 1.37 607 (71%) 356 (42%) 18 140 (37%) $56,698 137 Victory Gallop (’04) 1.36 1.38 218 (74%) 167 (57%) 11 85 (21%) $62,848 197 Shareef Dancer (’89) 1.28 1.34 968 (75%) 551 (43%) 69 163 (56%) $47,983 250 Vigors (’84) 1.21 1.34 864 (79%) 570 (52%) 50 157 (58%) $49,408 61 Shirley Heights (GB) (’84) 1.56 1.37 1,642 (76%) 1,020 (48%) 165 266 (75%) $55,666 154 Vindication (’09) 1.33 1.53 115 (69%) 69 (42%) 6 52 (21%) $48,452 118 Siberian Summer (’03) 1.41 1.34 77 (61%) 40 (32%) 4 23 (10%) $53,914 123 Wavering Monarch (’88) 1.40 1.36 783 (73%) 539 (50%) 48 171 (50%) $65,794 184 Silent Screen (’76) 1.29 1.38 1,615 (76%) 1,177 (56%) 113 264 (70%) $42,832 61 Western Fame (’04) 1.56 1.10 57 (55%) 40 (39%) 10 20 (11%) $77,951 104 Silver Deputy (’95) 1.44 1.41 1,284 (78%) 947 (58%) 99 331 (60%) $81,685 205 Wild Again (’90) 1.27 1.35 1,659 (76%) 1,147 (53%) 98 343 (71%) $69,374 162 Silver Hawk (’88) 1.32 1.38 1,410 (79%) 837 (47%) 88 276 (63%) $66,154 232 With Approval (’96) 1.24 1.31 931 (78%) 627 (53%) 49 207 (43%) $58,830 104 (IRE) (’03) 1.44 1.38 545 (80%) 314 (46%) 29 162 (29%) $57,209 177 Wolf Power (SAF) (’90) 1.30 1.31 781 (77%) 537 (53%) 43 174 (46%) $60,860 21 Sinndar (IRE) (’06) 1.78 1.48 181 (70%) 83 (32%) 11 54 (18%) $48,985 220 Woodman (’92) 1.25 1.35 3,088 (82%) 2,022 (54%) 175 563 (69%) $70,264 168 Sir Cat (’03) 1.31 1.32 200 (71%) 127 (45%) 10 59 (33%) $60,333 220 You and I (’00) 1.25 1.37 252 (75%) 176 (52%) 16 69 (31%) $51,827 123 Slewpy (’89) 1.40 1.33 572 (72%) 405 (51%) 42 135 (45%) $63,433 177 Zilzal (’96) 1.30 1.44 481 (77%) 304 (49%) 28 98 (52%) $90,178

MarketWatch / 14 Broodmare Sires

Top 50 Broodmare Sires by Earnings Young Broodmare Sires to Watch Sires whose first crop as a broodmare sire ’14 ’13 Broodmare Sire Dams Rnrs Wnrs SWnrs ’14 Earnings was born in 2001 or later Rank Rank Wnrs Broodmare Sire (FCY) AEI CI 1 1 Storm Cat 374 653 318 34 $19,359,447 (% Fls) 2 2 A.P. Indy 307 548 262 28 $16,495,934 Catienus (’07) 2.81 1.46 47 (47%) 3 3 Sadler’s Wells 542 853 317 39 $16,259,054 Flying Chevron (’03) 2.59 1.36 31 (47%) 4 4 Danehill 420 664 299 41 $14,126,810 Sea of Secrets (’05) 2.12 1.43 38 (46%) Arch (’03) 2.06 1.46 163 (57%) 5 14 Gone West 296 471 228 14 $13,059,069 Smart Strike (’01) 1.99 1.44 380 (54%) 6 17 Unbridled’s Song 280 475 239 19 $12,014,106 Key of Luck (’01) 1.92 1.31 69 (33%) 7 6 Seeking the Gold 292 513 242 17 $11,150,058 Orientate (’08) 1.92 1.47 68 (40%) 8 26 Thunder Gulch 237 415 189 13 $10,912,807 Birdonthewire (’02) 1.85 1.31 64 (48%) 9 7 Deputy Minister 251 441 243 18 $10,869,155 Doneraile Court (’05) 1.82 1.39 81 (45%) Royal Anthem (’06) 1.78 1.38 41 (37%) 10 8 Dixieland Band 249 414 201 13 $9,484,989 Sinndar (IRE) (’06) 1.78 1.48 83 (32%) 11 35 Distorted Humor 172 277 155 13 $9,207,134 Stravinsky (’05) 1.72 1.38 175 (41%) 12 13 Royal Academy 315 501 214 20 $9,170,207 Anabaa (’02) 1.71 1.36 372 (42%) 13 68 Not For Love 118 188 99 8 $8,910,386 Monsun (GER) (’02) 1.71 1.44 246 (43%) 14 24 Dynaformer 243 385 182 21 $8,641,864 Awesome Again (’03) 1.62 1.42 318 (56%) French Deputy (’01) 1.62 1.32 632 (62%) 15 36 Smart Strike 168 277 145 13 $8,586,922 Good and Tough (’06) 1.60 1.37 51 (49%) 16 15 Rahy 241 410 208 11 $8,281,741 Ocean Crest (’01) 1.60 1.50 39 (31%) 17 19 Silver Deputy 201 347 205 13 $8,141,436 Schossberg (’01) 1.59 1.41 39 (49%) 18 86 Pivotal (GB) 219 340 156 12 $8,104,986 Western Fame (’04) 1.56 1.10 40 (39%) 19 20 Quiet American 195 334 178 15 $7,978,152 20 30 Grand Slam 216 337 173 15 $7,939,844 Average Earnings Index (AEI) & Comparable Index (CI) for 21 9 Anabaa 190 277 117 10 $7,929,099 Broodmare Sires 22 10 Woodman 338 589 261 13 $7,829,951 23 22 Carson City 206 333 185 12 $7,746,906 Dams of Mr. Prospector 24 21 Touch Gold 177 305 147 5 $7,669,273 Daughters 25 5 Darshaan (GB) 216 317 122 10 $7,653,361 26 45 Tale of the Cat 192 312 176 14 $7,637,278 27 16 Giant’s Causeway 229 354 165 12 $7,345,362 Daughters by Mr. Prospector Daughters by Other Broodmare Sires 28 34 Saint Ballado 182 331 178 11 $7,341,894 29 27 Pulpit 157 265 132 12 $7,317,626 30 25 Wild Again 138 239 117 9 $7,128,692 All Foals All Foals 31 80 Forestry 165 263 134 7 $7,040,942 Total Avg. Total Avg. 32 23 Rainbow Quest 228 346 137 13 $6,766,145 Earnings of Earnings of Total Avg. . All Other Total Avg. . All Other 33 12 Unbridled 157 295 135 8 $6,653,542 Earnings . Broodmare Earnings Broodmare Sires' Progeny* . Sires' Progeny* 34 29 Mr. Greeley 218 338 151 11 $6,367,454 35 28 Kingmambo 245 439 183 18 $6,133,375

36 38 Kris S. 147 252 120 11 $6,076,764 Broodmare Sire AEI Broodmare Sire CI 37 42 Elusive Quality 192 304 149 11 $5,994,012 * Progeny racing in the same country 38 50 Mt. Livermore 164 287 138 7 $5,695,729 during a specifi c year. 39 33 El Prado (IRE) 172 280 141 8 $5,637,587 Vol. CXLI, No. 18 Blood-Horse (ISSN 0006-4998) is published weekly except for the first week of June, the first 40 66 Cherokee Run 158 249 142 10 $5,445,192 week of July and the fourth week of December, plus two special issues, one in July and one in December by Blood- Horse Inc., 3101 Beaumont Centre Circle, Lexington, Ky., 40513. Periodicals postage paid at Lexington, Ky., and 41 61 Awesome Again 127 225 125 11 $5,411,551 at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to— BLOOD-HORSE, P.O. Box 911088, Lex- ington, KY 40591-1088. Combined issues count as two subscription issues. One-year subscription surface rates: 42 53 Holy Bull 171 282 131 6 $5,388,925 United States, $99.00 (plus sales tax where applicable); Canada, $172.20 (including GST); all others, $269.00 payable in U.S. funds drawn on a U.S. bank. Optional air expedited service available $394.00 US dollars. Send sub- 43 100+ Cape Cross (IRE) 146 191 82 6 $5,265,478 scription orders, change of address requests, or inquiries to: BLOOD-HORSE, Circulation Dept., P.O. Box 911088, Lexington, KY 40591-1088; or for fastest service call in the U.S./Canada: (800) 582-5604. All others may call (859) 44 47 Indian Ridge (IRE) 210 323 128 12 $5,040,633 278-2361. Hours are Mon.-Fri., 8:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. EST/EDT, except holidays. Fax us at: (859) 276-6743. Include copy of mailing label for address changes. Allow 4-6 weeks for arrival of first copy or for address change to take 45 100+ Tiznow 110 175 103 4 $4,975,268 effect. Send Letters to the Editor and all other correspondence to: BLOOD-HORSE, P.O. Box 919003, Lexington, Ky., 40591-9003. (859) 278-2361. Canada Post International Publications Mail Product (Canadian Distribution) Sales Agree- 46 44 Forest Wildcat 171 264 130 10 $4,956,043 ment No. 40028969. Canada GST registration R128871423. Printed in the United States. Data provided or compiled by The Jockey Club Information Systems Inc. generally is accurate but occasionally errors and omissions occur as a result of incor- 47 39 Theatrical (IRE) 201 299 137 9 $4,954,551 rect data received by others, mistakes in processing and other causes. The Jockey Club Information Systems Inc. disclaims responsibility for the consequences, if any, of such errors, but would appreciate their being called to its attention. Information 48 31 Red Ransom 240 352 140 8 $4,918,172 as to races, race results, earnings and other statistical data for races run subsequent to Dec. 31, 1990, was obtained from Equibase Company and is utilized only with permission of the copyright owner. Such information for periods prior to Jan. 49 40 Honour and Glory 159 283 138 7 $4,852,610 1, 1991, was obtained from the Daily Racing Form Inc. Copyright © 2015 by BLOOD-HORSE LLC. All rights reserved. This publication may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form or by any means, electronic or otherwise, without the prior 50 65 Gilded Time 143 237 143 8 $4,852,597 written permission of BLOOD-HORSE LLC.

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