CHAMPAIGN COUNTY REGIONAL PLANNING COMMISSION
Hazardous Material Commodity Flow Study for Champaign County Final Report
10/20/2015 Table of Contents
List of Figures ...... 2 List of Tables ...... 3 1.0 Introduction ...... 4 2.0 Hazardous Materials Storage Locations in Champaign County ...... 4 3.0 Hazardous Material Classification System ...... 8 3.1 Hazmat Transportation in Champaign County ...... 12 3.1.1 Trucks ...... 12 3.1.2 Rail-roads ...... 14 3.1.3 Pipelines ...... 16 4.0 Hazmat Related Incidents in Champaign County ...... 18 5.0 Hazmat Transportation Data Collection ...... 21 6.0 Risk Assessment for Hazmat Transportation ...... 28 6.1 Pipelines ...... 30 6.2 Rail-Roads...... 30 6.3 Trucks ...... 33 7.0 Findings ...... 35 8.0 Recommendations and Future Work ...... 36 8.1 Future Work ...... 36 REFERENCE ...... 37
1 List of Figures
Figure 1: EHS Facilities in Champaign County ...... 5
Figure 2: Location of EHS Sites in Champaign County ...... 6
Figure 3: Location of EHS Sites in the Champaign Urbana Urbanized Area ...... 7
Figure 4: Symbols and Placards for Hazardous Materials ...... 9
Figure 5: Types of Hazmat Carried by Trucks in the United States1 ...... 11
Figure 6: Types of Hazmat Carried by Railroad Cars in the United States1 ...... 11
Figure 7: Interstate, US Routes, and State Routes in Champaign County ...... 13
Figure 8: Railroad Ownership in Champaign County ...... 15
Figure 9: Underground Pipelines Carrying Hazmat in Champaign County ...... 17
Figure 10: Hazmat Related Incidents in Champaign County (1990 – 2011) ...... 18
Figure 11: Hazmat Transportation Related Incidents in Champaign County ...... 19
Figure 11: Data Collection Locations ...... 21
Figure 12: Data Collection Sheet ...... 22
Figure 13: Truck Carrying Hazmat along Interstate 57 South ...... 23
Figure 14: Hazmat Types for Trucks Carrying Hazmat on Interstate Highways ...... 25
Figure 15: Hazmat Types for Trucks Carrying Hazmat along US and State Routes ...... 26
Figure 16: Critical Institutions in Champaign County ...... 28
Figure 17: Critical Institutions within a 1/2 Mile Radius of EHS Locations ...... 29
Figure 18: Areas within a 1/2 Mile Radius of Hazmat Pipelines ...... 31
Figure 19: Areas and Critical Institutions within a ½ Mile Radius of Railroad Tracks ...... 32
Figure 20: Hazmat Carrying Trucks Incidents (1990 to 2014) in Champaign County ...... 33
2 List of Tables
Table 1: Hazmat Class ...... 8
Table 2: Hazmat Shipment Shares by Mode1 ...... 9
Table 3: Hazmat Shipment Characteristics by Hazard Class1 ...... 10
Table 4: Daily Truck Volumes on Major Roadways in Champaign County ...... 12
Table 5: Train Car Accidents by Rail Road Companies in Champaign County (2004-2014) ...... 19
Table 6: Train Car Accidents by Year in Champaign County ...... 20
Table 7: Percentage of Trucks Carrying Hazmat on Interstate Highways ...... 24
Table 8: Percentage of Trucks Carrying Hazmat on US and State Routes ...... 26
Table 9: Hazmat Types for Pipeline Spills/Leaks ...... 30
Table 10: Hazmat Carrying Truck Incidents with Minimum 200 Gallon Spill/Leak ...... 34
3 1.0 Introduction
Information on the types, quantities, and locations of hazardous materials (hazmat) originating, or moving through the regional corridors are of utmost importance for local and regional governments for preparing appropriate emergency response plans. The biggest challenge for the local agencies preparing such plans is the lack of reliable and comprehensive data on the transportation of hazmat within their jurisdictions. Hazmat transportation is typically multimodal. According to data from the 2007 Commodity Flow Survey (CFS), nationwide 53.9 percent of hazmat was moved by trucks, 28.2 percent by pipelines, 6.7 percent by water, and 5.8 percent by rail1. However, existing data sources are too broad and typically cover flows at the national and/or state level. Local and regional governments need detailed data involving hazmat flow with all modes of transportation for their regions to make informed decisions on hazardous materials training and emergency response preparedness.
2.0 Hazardous Materials Storage Locations in Champaign County
In Champaign County there are 130 Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Title III reporting facilities2. SARA Title III establishes requirements for Federal, State and local governments, Indian Tribes, and industry regarding emergency planning and Community Right-to-Know reporting on hazardous and toxic chemicals2.
In Champaign County as of 2014 130 companies filed under the Tier II reporting requirements for the state of Illinois and 89 of them reported having one or more extremely hazardous substances (EHS). Figure 1 shows EHS facilities by municipalities within Champaign County (as of 2012). As can be seen in Table 1, the highest numbers of EHS facilities are located in the City of Champaign followed by the Village of Rantoul, and the City of Urbana.
4 Figure 1: EHS Facilities in Champaign County
50
45
40
35
30
25
20 # of# EHS Sites 15
10
5
0
City/Town/Village
Figure 2 shows the location and predominant hazmat types of EHS facilities in Champaign County.
Figure 3 shows the location and predominant hazmat types of EHS facilities within the Champaign Urbana urbanized area.
5 Figure 2: Location of EHS Sites in Champaign County
6 Figure 3: Location of EHS Sites in the Champaign Urbana Urbanized Area
7 3.0 Hazardous Material Classification System
A hazardous material is any substance or material which could adversely affect the safety of the public, handlers or carriers during transportation. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, a division of the US Department of Transportation provides details of nine classes of hazardous materials. Table 1 shows details of each hazmat class.
Table 1: Hazmat Class
Hazmat Class Description
Hazard Class 1: Explosives 1.1 Mass explosion hazard 1.2 Projectile hazard 1.3 Minor blast/projectile/fire 1.4 Minor blast 1.5 Insensitive explosives 1.6 Very insensitive explosives Hazard Class 2: Gases 2.1 Flammable gases 2.2 Non-flammable compressed 2.3 Poisonous Hazard Class 3: Flammable Flammable (flash point below 141°F) and Combustible Liquids Combustible (flash point 141°-200°F) Hazard Class 4: Flammable 4.1 Flammable solids Solids 4.2 Spontaneously combustible 4.3 Dangerous when wet Hazard Class 5: Oxidizers 5.1 Oxidizer and Organic Peroxides 5.2 Organic Peroxide Hazard Class 6: Toxic 6.1 Material that is poisonous Materials 6.2 Infectious Agents Hazard Class 7: Radioactive Radioactive I Material Radioactive II Radioactive III Hazard Class 8: Corrosive Destruction of the human skin Material Corrode steel at a rate of 0.25 inches per year Hazard Class 9: A material that presents a hazard during shipment Miscellaneous but does not meet the definition of the other classes
8 Figure 4 shows symbols and placards for different types of hazardous materials.
Figure 4: Symbols and Placards for Hazardous Materials
As per 49 CFR 172.504 each bulk packaging, freight container, unit load device, transport vehicle or rail car containing any quantity of hazardous material must be placarded on each side and each end with the types of placards specified in Table 1 and Figure 4 and in accordance with other placarding requirements and specifications described in details in §§ 172.519 through 172.560.
Major hazmat transportation modes include trucks, pipeline, rail, and water. Table 2 shows hazmat materials shipment tonnage shares by mode in the United States in 2007.
Table 2: U.S. Hazmat Shipment Shares by Mode1
Transportation Percentage of Mode Tons Truck 53.9
Pipeline 28.2
Water 6.7
Rail 5.8
Multiple Modes 5.0
Other 0.4
All Modes 100.0
9 Table 3 shows hazmat shipment characteristics by hazard class for the United States.
Table 3: U.S. Hazmat Shipment Characteristics by Hazard Class1
Tons Hazmat Class Percentage (Thousands)
Class 1: Explosives 3,047 0.1
Class 2: Gases 250,506 11.2 Class 3: Flammable 1,752,814 78.6 Liquids Class 4: Flammable Solids 20,408 0.9
Class 5: Oxidizers and 14,959 0.7 organic peroxides
Class 6: Toxic Materials 11,270 0.5 and Infectious Substances Class 7: Radioactive 515 0.0 Materials Class 8: Corrosive 114,441 5.1 Materials Class 9: Miscellaneous 63,173 2.8 dangerous goods
Total 2,231,133 100
As can be seen in Table 3, approximately 79 percent of hazmat is classified as Class 3: flammable liquids (e.g., gasoline). Trucks are the most common carriers for hazmat transportation. Approximately 54% of hazmat is carried by trucks. Figure 5 shows the types of hazmat carried by trucks in the United States.
As can be seen in Figure 5, approximately 79 percent of hazmat carried by trucks is classified as Class 3: flammable liquids followed by Class 2: gases (11%) and Class 8: corrosive materials (5%).
10 Figure 5: Types of Hazmat Carried by Trucks in the United States1
90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 Percentage 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Class 7 Class 8 Class 9 Hazard Class
Figure 6 shows the types of hazmat carried by railroad cars in the United States. As can be seen in Figure 6, Hazard Class 8: corrosive materials is the predominant hazmat (27%), followed by Class 2: gases (25%), and Class 3: flammable liquids (24%).
Figure 6: Types of Hazmat Carried by Railroad Cars in the United States1
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
Percentage 10.00
5.00
0.00 Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Class 7 Class 8 Class 9 Hazard Class
11 3.1 Hazmat Transportation in Champaign County
Hazmat transportation through Champaign County is mainly dominated by the following transportation modes:
1. Trucks 2. Rail 3. Pipeline
3.1.1 Trucks
Champaign County’s roadway network includes 3 interstate highways: Interstate 57, Interstate 72, and Interstate 74 and several other major US and State routes including US Route 45, US Route 136, US Route 150, IL Route 10, IL Route 47, IL Route 49, and IL Route 130. Figure 7 shows Interstate, US, and State Highways within Champaign County.
Commercial truck volumes on these routes are significant. Table 4 shows daily truck volumes on some of the major roadways within Champaign County.
Table 4: Daily Truck Volumes on Major Roadways in Champaign County (Source: IDOT)
Daily Truck Volume Percentage of Average Daily Traffic Roadway Location 2005 2007 2009 2011 2005 2007 2009 2011 North of Interstate 74 6,550 6,200 5,200 5,225 26.8 32.0 25.0 22.7 Interstate 57 South of Interstate 74 10,300 9,350 8,150 7,750 28.9 31.7 25.1 23.1 West of Interstate 57 8,300 8,100 6,900 6,025 28.2 26.6 24.0 21.9 Interstate 74 East of Interstate 57 9,450 9,500 7,500 7,250 25.8 24.1 19.5 18.9 Interstate 72 West of Interstate 57 3,350 2,650 2,300 2,600 22.5 20.9 17.2 19.5 North of Interstate 74 1,350 1,300 1,175 950 7.5 6.5 6.4 5.2 US 45 South of Interstate 74 950 1,075 1,000 1,150 4.4 5.2 4.6 5.2 South of Windsor Rd 650 1,175 1,275 700 3.2 5.7 6.0 3.4 East of IL 130 325 230 210 200 6.9 4.1 3.7 4.0 US 150 West of IL 130 700 725 700 1,000 8.0 6.8 6.3 8.8 IL 130 South of US 150 625 700 700 890 7.4 5.9 5.7 8.0
As can be seen in Table 4, truck traffic volume on Interstate Highways are approximately 20 to 30 percent of the total daily traffic volumes, and on US and State Routes the range is between 4 and 9 percent. The study team contacted the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT), local municipalities, and local emergency response agencies, and did not find any previous data on hazmat transportation by road for Champaign County.
12 Figure 7: Interstate, US Routes, and State Routes in Champaign County
13 3.1.2 Rail-roads
Rail-roads are increasingly used for goods movement as long distance rail transportation is cheaper and reliable. Hazmat transportation by rail in the United States is recognized to be the safest mode of moving large quantities of chemicals over long distances3.
Three railroad companies own the majority of the rail road tracks in Champaign County. These companies include:
• Canadian National (CN) • Union Pacific • Norfolk Southern
Figure 8 shows the Champaign County railroads owned by different railroad companies. As can be seen in Figure 8, the Canadian National Railroad Company owns the longest length of railroad tracks in Champaign County, followed by the Norfolk Southern and Union Pacific railroad companies.
14 Figure 8: Railroad Ownership in Champaign County
15 Hazmat transportation patterns for the railroad companies in Champaign County are similar to the national trend shown in Figure 6. The following types of hazmat are the most predominant types transported by railroad companies through Champaign County:
• Class 3: Flammable Liquids • Class 2: Gases • Class 8: Corrosive Materials
3.1.3 Pipelines
Hazmat transported through pipelines is predominantly used for energy generation. The most common hazmat transported through pipelines includes crude oil, natural gas, and liquefied natural gas. Figure 9 shows underground pipelines carrying hazmat in Champaign County.
Pipelines range in size from 12 inch to 36 inch in diameter. The operating pressure will depend on the product in the line and distance from the pump station. The pressure (measured in pound per square inch or PSI) can range from 50 to 950 PSI. Product is always in the line and generally processed in batches by the company. A batch of product may range from 20,000 to 100,000 barrels (1 barrel = 42 Gallons). It can be followed by another product separated only by its chemical composition from what is before and after it.
16 Figure 9: Underground Pipelines Carrying Hazmat in Champaign County
17 4.0 Hazmat Related Incidents in Champaign County
There were on average more than three hazmat related incidents per month in Champaign County over the last 20 years. There were 207 hazmat transportation related incidents in Champaign County from 1990 to 2011. Figure 10 shows hazmat transportation related incidents in Champaign County from 1990 to 2011.
Figure 10: Hazmat Related Incidents in Champaign County (1990 – 2011)
18 As can be seen in Figure 10, most of the hazmat spill/leak incidents took place within the major urban centers of the region.
Figure 11 shows the frequencies of hazmat transportation related incidents in major Cities in Champaign County from 1990 to 2011.
Figure 11: Hazmat Transportation Related Incidents in Champaign County
18 16
14 12 10 8 6 4 Number of Incidents of Number 2 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Year
Total Champaign Urbana Rantoul
Table 5 shows the number of rail car accidents by railroad companies in Champaign County from 2004 to 2014.
Table 5: Train Car Accidents by Railroad Companies in Champaign County (2004-2014)
Accidents with Number of Accidents with Hazmat Cars Hazmat Company Hazmat Cars Accidents Damaged or Derailed Spills Present Canadian National - North America 17 10 7 0 Norfolk Southern Corp. 4 0 0 0 Union Pacific RR Co. 1 1 0 0
As can be seen in Table 5, although there were seven accidents involving rail cars carrying hazmat materials, no spills were reported. Table 6 shows rail car accidents by year from 2004 to 2014. As can be seen in Table 6, on an average 2 rail car accidents occurred in Champaign County every year from 2004 to 2014. However, none of the train car accidents involved any hazmat spills.
19 Table 6: Train Car Accidents by Year in Champaign County
Accidents with Accidents Number of Hazmat Cars Hazmat Year with Hazmat Accidents Damaged or Spills Cars Present Derailed 2004 3 2 1 0 2005 0 0 0 0 2006 0 0 0 0 2007 4 0 0 0 2008 1 1 1 0 2009 2 0 0 0 2010 5 2 1 0 2011 3 2 2 0 2012 0 3 1 0 2013 2 1 1 0 2014 2 1 0 0 Total 22 12 7 0
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5.0 Hazmat Transportation Data Collection
The study team collected truck traffic data at 13 locations within Champaign County’s roadway network. These locations were selected based on roadway functional class and daily traffic and truck volumes. Figure 11 shows the count locations.
Figure 11: Data Collection Locations
21
Study staff counted the number of trucks with hazmat placards data at each location. A data collection sheet was prepared for this purpose. Figure 12 shows the sample data collection sheet.
Figure 12: Data Collection Sheet
22
At each location, the number of trucks with different types of hazmat placards were collected for at least eight hours. No information was available whether hazmat placard carrying trucks were loaded or empty. 24-hour volume data at each location was projected based on 8-hour field data collected. Figure 13 shows a truck carrying hazmat along Interstate 57 South.
Figure 13: Truck Carrying Hazmat along Interstate 57 South
Table 7 shows percentage of trucks carrying hazmat at the locations along Interstate Routes.
23 Table 7: Percentage of Trucks Carrying Hazmat on Interstate Highways
Travel Daily Traffic Daily Truck No. of Trucks % of Trucks Location Direction Volume Volume Carrying Hazmat Carrying Hazmat
Northbound 11,651 3,338 267 8 I -57 North of Market Street Southbound 11,253 3,045 289 9.5
I -57 South of Northbound 10,952 3,447 282 8.2 Monticello Road Southbound 10,950 3,848 350 9.1
Eastbound 19,268 3,923 396 10.1 I -74 West of Mahomet Westbound 18,638 4,117 382 9.3
Eastbound 17,449 3,976 353 8.9 I -74 West of St Joseph Westbound 17,236 4,264 392 9.2
Eastbound 7,536 1,503 100 6.7 I-72 West of I- 57 Westbound 7,393 1,614 114 7.1
Daily traffic volumes and daily truck volumes data shown in Table was collected by the Illinois Department of Transportation in 2013.
Figure 14 shows types of hazmat carried by the trucks along interstate highways in Champaign County.
24 Figure 14: Hazmat Types for Trucks Carrying Hazmat on Interstate Highways
45 40
35 30 25 20 15
Percentage of trucks of Percentage 10 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hazmat Class
As can be seen in Figure 14, Hazard Class 3: flammable liquid & combustible liquid are the predominant hazmat (39%), followed by Hazard Class 8: corrosive materials (19.5%) and Hazard Class 9: miscellaneous (18%).
Table 8 shows percentages of trucks carrying hazmat at the location along selected US and State routes. As can be seen in Table 8, percentages of trucks carrying hazmat along state routes are relatively lower than those on the interstate highways. US 136 near Interstate 57 had the highest percentage of trucks carrying hazmat.
25 Table 8: Percentage of Trucks Carrying Hazmat on US and State Routes
No. of Trucks Daily Traffic Daily Truck % of Trucks Carrying Location Carrying Volume Volume Hazmat Hazmat
US 136 West of I-57 7,635 983 75 7.6
US 136 East of I-57 11,633 1,150 95 8.3
US 45 North of 10,425 783 42 5.3 Airport Road
US 45 North of I-57 3,800 200 7 3.5
US 150 West of 6,650 550 31 5.7 Staley Road
US 150 East of IL 130 5,150 365 22 6
IL 130 South of 6,900 170 9 5.2 Windsor Road
Figure 15 shows the types of hazmat carried by trucks along different US and State routes.
Figure 15: Hazmat Types for Trucks Carrying Hazmat along US and State Routes
80 70
60 50 40 30
Percentage of Trucks of Percentage 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hazmat Class
26 As can be seen in Figure 15, on US and state routes within Champaign County Hazard Class 3: flammable liquid & combustible liquid are the most common hazmat (71%), followed by Hazard Class 8: corrosive materials (13%) and Hazard Class 9: miscellaneous (9%).
27 6.0 Risk Assessment for Hazmat Transportation
Hazmat transportation is conducted using strict federal guidelines. However, hazmat transportation related incidents are not uncommon throughout the United States. This chapter highlights on the most vulnerable/critical locations (e.g., population center, hospitals, schools, senior facilities, etc.) if any hazmat transportation related incident takes place.
Figure 16 shows critical institutions for Champaign County.
Figure 16: Critical Institutions in Champaign County
28 Figure 17 shows critical institutions within a half mile radius of EHS locations in the most populous region of the county.
Figure 17: Critical Institutions within a 1/2 Mile Radius of EHS Locations
29 6.1 Pipelines
The extent and location of the pipelines in Champaign County was discussed in Section 3.1.3. Pipeline related hazmat incidents in Champaign County were very low (0.88 incidents/year). There were 22 hazmat incidents (e.g., leaks, spills) related to pipelines from 1990 to 2014 in Champaign County. Table 9 shows hazmat types leaked/spilled during these incidents.
Table 9: Hazmat Types for Pipeline Spills/Leaks
Hazmat Type # of Incidents
Class 2: Gases 5
Class 3: Flammable and 10 combustible liquid
Other/Unknown 7
Figure 18 shows areas within a half a mile radius on each side of pipelines in Champaign County. As can be seen in Figure 18, only a few critical institutions are within half a mile radius of existing pipelines.
6.2 Rail-Roads
As discussed in Section 3.1.2, three railroad companies own most of the railroad tracks in Champaign County. There were 17 incidents in Champaign County related to railcars carrying hazmat from 1990 to 2014 (0.68 incidents/year). However, hazmat spills/leak from railcars was rare. As shown in Table 6, none of the railcar related incidents caused any hazmat spills from 2004 to 2014.
Figure 19 shows critical institutions within half a mile radius on each side of rail tracks. As can be seen in Figure 19, major railroad tracks pass through big populated areas in the Cities of Champaign and Urbana. Hospitals, schools, specialized residences, and disability centers are located within a half mile radius of major railroad tracks. However, based on analysis of previous incident frequencies, the risk of hazmat spills from rail cars is very low in Champaign County.
30 Figure 18: Areas within a 1/2 Mile Radius of Hazmat Pipelines
31 Figure 19: Areas and Critical Institutions within a ½ Mile Radius of Railroad Tracks
32 6.3 Trucks
Trucks carry the majority of hazmat throughout the United States. In Champaign County on Interstate Highways approximately 8 to 10 percent of trucks carry hazmat on a given weekday. On US and State highways trucks carrying hazmat ranges from approximately 4 percent to 8 percent of daily truck traffic. Most of the important/critical institutions are either along or very close to major roadways.
Any incident related to trucks carrying hazmat on these major highways and subsequent spill/leak can lead to a significant threat to such important institutions. Figure 20 shows incident frequency by year from 1990 to 2014 involving trucks carrying hazmat. On average, there were 4.16 incidents per year related to trucks carrying hazmat.
Figure 20: Hazmat Carrying Trucks Incidents (1990 to 2014) in Champaign County
12
10
8
6
No of No of Incidents 4
2
0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 Year
Considering hundreds of miles of lanes of roadways and daily average hazmat truck volumes of 290 on Interstate highways and 40 on US and state highways, approximately 4 incidents per year involving hazmat trucks is very low. Moreover, only about 10 percent of the incidents shown in Figure 20, caused hazmat spill/leak of more than 200 gallons of hazmat. Table 10 shows the major spill/leak incidents (more than 200 gallons) from hazmat trucks from 1990 to 2014 in Champaign County.
As can be seen in Table 10, there were only 9 incidents from 1990 to 2014 involving hazmat spills of more than 200 gallons from trucks in Champaign County.
33 Table 10: Hazmat Carrying Truck Incidents with Minimum 200 Gallon Spill/Leak
Quantity of Date Hazmat Details Spill/Leak Class 3: Diesel 6/29/1990 200 - 400 Gallons Fuel Class 2: Non- 9/25/1990 2,800 Gallons Flammable Gas Class 3: Diesel 5/12/1993 200 Gallons Fuel Class 2: Non- 5/6/1995 25,000 lbs Flammable Gas Class 3: Diesel 5/24/1995 250 Gallons Fuel Class 3: Diesel 10/10/1995 7,400 Gallons Fuel Class 3: Diesel 3/29/1999 7,300 Gallons Fuel Class 3: Diesel 6/10/2003 300 Gallons Fuel Class 3: Diesel 12/26/2007 3,000 Gallons Fuel
34 7.0 Findings
The hazardous material commodity flow study for Champaign County is the first of this kind for Champaign County. Important study findings include the following:
• As of 2014 130 companies filed under the Tier II reporting requirements for the state of Illinois and 89 of them reported having one or more extremely hazardous substances (EHS). • Top 3 hazmat transported by railroad companies through Champaign County include: o Class 3: Flammable liquids o Class 2: Gases o Class 8: Corrosive materials • Top 3 hazmat transported by trucks on Interstate highways within Champaign County include: o Class 3: Flammable liquids (39%) o Class 8: Corrosive materials (19.5%) o Class 9: Miscellaneous (18%) • Top 3 hazmat transported by trucks on US and State highways within Champaign County include: o Class 3: Flammable liquids (71%) o Class 8: Corrosive materials (13%) o Class 9: Miscellaneous (9%) • Pipelines carrying hazmat in Champaign County are mainly located outside the regional population centers and only a few critical institutions are within a half mile radius of pipelines carrying hazmat. • There were 22 hazmat incidents (e.g., leaks, spills) related to pipelines from 1990 to 2014 in Champaign County. • Major railroad tracks pass through big populated areas in the Cities of Champaign and Urbana. Critical institutions: hospitals, schools, specialized residences, and disability centers are located within a half mile radius of major railroad tracks. • There were 17 incidents in Champaign County related to railcars carrying hazmat from 1990 to 2014 (0.68 incidents/year). • On a typical weekday, the average numbers of trucks carrying hazmat on Interstate Highways is 290 and on US and State routes are 40 within Champaign County. • From 1990 to 2014 there was an average of 4.16 incidents per year related to trucks carrying hazmat. • Approximately 10 percent of the incidents (from 1990 to 2014) involving hazmat carrying trucks in Champaign County caused hazmat spill/leak of more than 200 gallons of hazmat.
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8.0 Recommendations and Future Work
The study identified the extent of hazmat flow on highways and railroads through Champaign County. The study recommendations include the following:
• Hazmat related incidents within Champaign County should be recorded without duplication with accurate information on location, types and extent of spill or leak. • The municipalities in Champaign County should contact EHS facilities in their jurisdictions and emphasize the importance of hazmat transportation along Interstate, US, and State Highways as much as possible. • Residents and employees of critical institutions within a half mile radius of EHS sites should be aware of the proximity of hazmat storage and transportation facilities. They should also know the details on hazmat class and characteristics and include mitigation steps for any hazmat incidents in their emergency response plans.
8.1 Future Work
The study staff strongly recommends the following for the next phase of hazmat commodity flow study for Champaign County:
• A survey should be conducted to collect detailed information on hazmat carried by railroad companies. • Periodically (every 5 years) collect hazmat transportation data on Interstate, US, and State highways.
36 REFERENCE
1. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, SR-026, Hazardous Material Highlights – 2007 Commodity Flow Survey, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC 2007. 2. Champaign County Local Emergency Planning Committee, Emergency Response Plan 2013-14 Hazardous Materials, Champaign County Local Emergency Planning Committee, Urbana, IL 2014. 3. Accessed from the Federal Railroad Administration website: https://www.fra.dot.gov/
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