Making Enfield

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Enfield Heritage Strategy 2019 - 2024 for Approval June 2019 draft

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All maps are reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office © Crown copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. London Borough of Enfield DENF003. I

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2 Contents 3 A

INTRODUCTION 1

Vision 3 Executive summary 5 This Consultation 6 The heritage of Enfield 9 Document structure 11

1 SHAPING ENFIELD 15

1.1 Background 17 1.2 Memory, vulnerability and loss 18 1.3 Landscape, architecture and design 20 1.4 Archives, museum collections and archaeology 24 1.5 Promotion and external funding 26 1.6 Objectives and aims 29 draft

2 ENFIELD MADE 39

2.1 Existing Borough context 41 2.2 Approach to heritage 48 2.3 Existing heritage context 52

3 POLICY BACKGROUND 67

4 APPENDICES Adoption75

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4 Preface - to follow

preface to follow

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Adoption 1 INTRODUCTIONChapter title

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2 1 Executive summary 3 A

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Vision

Our vision for EnfieldAdoption is: Heritage for change - engaged, cherished, conserved and enjoyed.

This statement recognises that heritage is important to Enfield’s future. It can drive change in a positive way and be instrumental in securing this at differing scales, from large-scale regeneration through to personal engagement with museum collections, archives or place. It is a precious and finite resource and one which we will work to conserve and enhance for the benefit of all.

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Enfield’s heritage has been formed by Developed from stakeholder workshops, our interventions in the natural and built the new Strategy is a more collaborative landscape over the centuries; it is constantly document that recognises heritage in its evolving. As we expect the Borough to diverse forms. grow and transform, heritage can anchor Key features include: new development and contribute to our sense of place. It can define and connect •• a positive approach to managing communities and support wellbeing. heritage as part of growth in the built Through engagement with collections and and natural environment archives it can contribute to our sense of •• a commitment to design quality wonder. underpinning making new places draftthrough the conservation and Enfield is proud of its heritage and enhancement of the historic ambitious to create the heritage of environment tomorrow. Heritage can positively drive • a commitment to deciding on a course regeneration and economic growth. It can • of action for the future of Broomfield attract investment and draw visitors into House the Borough. Heritage can bring social, • a commitment to making museum economic and environmental benefits. • collections and archives more Making Enfield is the new Heritage accessible through continuing Strategy for EnfieldAdoption for 2019-2024. It digitisation replaces the previous Heritage Strategy: •• a commitment to increasing museum A Living Landscape. It will be a audience development to reflect Supplementary Planning Document (SPD) Enfield’s communities at the present giving further guidance on existing Local day Plan policies. As SPD, it summarises, •• focus upon the heritage of cultural elaborates and provides reference to practices and different groups across existing policies. While the SPD does not the Borough and the importance of set policy, it is a material consideration memory-making to our sense of identity when determining planning applications. and place It draws other Council strategies together •• opportunities for external funding and to define and focus on Enfield’s priorities. partnership working •• targets by which success will be measured.

5 Planning and Compulsory Planning (Listed Buildings Purchase Act 2004 and Conservation Areas) (as amended) The Town and Country Act 1990 Planning (Local Development) (England) Regulations 2012

National Planning Policy National Planning Framework (NPPF) Practice Guidance) (2018)

Histioric Environment Advice Notes

London Plan draft

En eld Core Strategy (2010)

Development En eld Town Heritage Strategy SPD Householder Design Management Document Area Action Plans Masterplan SPD Guide SPD (DMD) 2014)

Conservation Area Character Appraisals

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Local Heritage List

Shopfront Design Guidance

Figure 1: Heritage Strategy Document Hierarchy

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Making Enfield: Heritage Strategy 3 A

Making Enfield: Heritage Strategy 2019-24: a Supplementary Planning Document

The NPPF (2018) states that Supplementary Planning Documents (SPDs) can provide guidance further to the development plan on particular issues. At the time of adoption, Making Enfield: Enfield Heritage Strategy 2019-2024 adds guidance on the Council’s management of heritage further to adopted policies in the Core Strategy (2010) and Development Management Document (2014).

This SPD updates existing guidance on heritage management and provides further information on the application of relevant policies within Enfield’s statutory local plan, comprising Core Policy 31 of the Enfield Core Strategy (2010), policy DMD 44 of the Development Management Document (2014) and other Council documents. It summarises and provides reference to national policy, the London Plan and relevant guidancedraft from Historic England. Relevant policies are set out from para 3.2.13. While the SPD does not set policy, it is a material consideration when determining planning applications.

While the SPD does not set policy, it is a material consideration when determining planning applications.

Enfield is preparing a new Local Plan. This new Heritage Strategy forms part of the evidence base for the Local Plan. When the new Local Plan is adopted this document will be revised to reflect the new Local Plan key policy references. The Council will then consult upon the updated HeritageAdoption Strategy SPD prior to adoption.

This document was developed from stakeholder workshops. It has been subject to pre- consultation with relevant Council services, officers and local members as well as to extensive public consultation, as set out in the Statement of Consultation. An Equalities Impact Assessment (EqIA) has been carried out for this guidance document. These can be viewed on the Council website.

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Figure 2: Enfield Town Centre

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2 The heritage of Enfield 3 A

Enfield’s heritage is more than bricks and mortar. It is about people as well as places. How we approach heritage affects how we choose to grow. An important part of this lies in understanding Enfield’s 1800 heritage and its significance. In turn, better understanding will help to create high quality place-making. We can be confident that we are conserving what we should and using cherished heritage to 1860 create inspiring new environments. draft Our approach to what is heritage is evolving. We already understand much of what defines Enfield from characterisation studies by the Paul Drury Partnership 1890 (2008) and by Urban Practitioners (2011).

Making Enfield has been developed in collaboration with representatives of groups and communities across the 1915 Borough. We continueAdoption to learn from the Borough’s communities and we thank everyone who participated, gave us their time and shared their enthusiasm and expertise. We hope to continue that collaboration through the life of 1940 the document. We hope to continue collaboration through the document’s lifespan.

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Figure 3: Layers of growth from 1800

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Figure 4: Rooftop view across Edmonton

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2 Document structure 3 A

Who this document is for We have called this new Heritage Strategy Making Enfield. This title recognises what has The Heritage Strategy is intended for all engaged shaped Enfield’s character to date, notably with Enfield’s rich and diverse heritage. This the long history of industry and manufacture includes property owners, residents, workers, including armaments, garment production, leisure users, and visitors to the Borough as well timber and furniture manufacturing. Intensive as their professional advisors, decision makers industry characterised the Lee valley, extending and investors. It sets out how the Council out to Ponders End and its cluster of electrical will approach heritage, particularly through manufacture. Market gardening was concentrated development management and regeneration, around Crews Hill and the Lee Valley. Creative museum and local studies and archives, parks, ventures are reconfiguring this manufacturing property services and highways and traffic and heritage, providing a hub for new makers in transportation. Edmonton. Through this new Strategy we recognise the enormous creative potential of this What the new Heritage Strategy does heritage for dynamic place-making. Making Enfield, the new Enfield Heritage Strategy, is a high level statement of intent pointing to how Enfield is ambitious for change. The Meridian heritage will be managed and resources directed. draftWater development will be one of the most It is expected to underpin bids to attract external significant new housing projects in Greater London funding and support increasing engagement and housing figures from the Mayor indicate that across the Borough. It replaces the previous there will be transformative growth across the Heritage Strategy to sit alongside other Council Borough over the next 20-30 years. Crossrail 2 strategy documents. As a Supplementary Planning could bring major new infrastructure. This will Document (SPD) the Heritage Strategy amplifies all mean a change to the familiar urban and rural the adopted policies in national policy, the London landscape and challenges to, and opportunities for Plan and Enfield’s Core Strategy and Development heritage in its myriad forms. We need to ensure Management Document and the emergent Local that what is most significant is protected. But with Plan. Further guidance, such as town centre change also comes the opportunity to direct what studies, design guidance or management plans we make of Enfield in the future. Through the new may sit below it. The Strategy will be a material Strategy we have set out how we will cherish and consideration in planning applications. celebrate Enfield’s unique character and heritage, Adoption the diverse communities that have made, and The Heritage Strategy Making Enfield sets out continue to make it, and, importantly, how we will the Council’s priorities and objectives for heritage use heritage to drive change and shape Enfield’s services across Council functions for the next five future. years. We have not set out to define heritage here but accept that it includes archives, buildings, museum collections, landscape, festivals, ethnicity, faith practices, architecture and archaeology, cultural practices, design and more.

Our aim for this document is that it shapes Council policy for all services affecting heritage. Like the previous Heritage Strategy, it will form part of the evidence base for the Local Plan. Making Enfield is intended as a Supplementary Planning Document but its scope extends beyond planning functions to all aspects of the Borough’s heritage.

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Figure 5: Fingerpost in Southgate

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The document is divided into two sections: Enfield Made Shaping Enfield is forward looking. It sets out Enfield Made looks at the background to the Council’s aspirations for its heritage, its the new Strategy, including its development objectives and longer term aims. and policy context. It draws on previous characterisation studies. In this section Approach Enfield Made is concerned with the background to Heritage responds to the Council’s previous to Enfield’s heritage, the new Strategy, heritage Heritage Strategy: A Living Landscape policy and designations. Different chapters are and illustrates how the new Strategy has summarised below. developed, working in collaboration with Enfield’s communities. Shaping Enfield Shaping Enfield sets out our aspirations. It Policy Background demonstrates how Making explores how opportunities and pressures facing Enfield relates to the national policy and Enfield’s heritage can be managed to support guidance, the London Plan and mainstream change over the next five years. This section Council policy and thinking. Locating the new highlights both general and more particular Strategy in the broader strategic context means heritage issues and indicates where we intend to draftthat the commitments made in the document are direct resources to meet them. Heritage will be both resilient and consistent with both national central to how transformative growth is brought and Council priorities. about and will set the marker for new, high quality place-making across the Borough. Enfield Made explores Enfield’s heritage in terms of Buildings and Landscape, Collections At the same time, Shaping Enfield proposes and Archives and Cultural Practices in turn. It measures for the management of a finite demonstrates how embedded heritage is in our resource of historic buildings, landscape, understanding of place and identity and what museum collections and archives to ensure the implications of that might be. It sets out what their conservation and enhancement. As the buildings, landscapes, collections and practices population of Enfield grows, this section explores we already know to be valuable, either in terms how changing demands for access to heritage of statutory recognition or through more direct will be accommodated. It considers how Enfield’s local engagement. It recognises that definitions heritage can be promoted,Adoption with greater use made of heritage and what is valuable are constantly of emergent technologies and of Enfield’s strong evolving and that they may differ from group to network of communities. group. However, it also marks what has been identified as of heritage value at this point in time Objectives and aims sets out the key steps that and how best to manage that heritage resource. the Council will take to meet its vision of heritage for change: engaged, cherished, protected Throughout Making Enfieldwe have interspersed and enjoyed. This section has measurable text with stories, maps and images of the targets complemented by ongoing or longer-term Borough’s heritage. Some relate to the objectives aims. It identifies where partnership working is from the last Strategy and Council projects and necessary, and what resource implications there some are stories about what Enfield’s heritage are. Timelines and clearly measurable outcomes means to particular groups, or individuals, as told will indicate the success of the Council’s Strategy to us in the process of writing this new Strategy. over the next five years. They all show the value attached to heritage in Enfield and the role we play in sustaining it.

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Adoption 1 SHAPING ENFIELD

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Monmouth Road Green Adoption Monmouth Road Green is an award-winning project that has transformed a drab open space into a small, flower-filled area of tranquillity for local people to enjoy.

Children of St. Edmund’s Catholic Primary School of the Hertford Road helped to plant shrubs, flowers and other greenery. Responding to local consultation we used plants to encourage bees and butterflies and provide year-round colour.

The open space complements the Council’s work in partnership with the Newlon Housing Trust undertaking façade and garden improvements to enhance this fine grade II listed terrace of early C19th buildings in its own conservation area.

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1.1 Background All four themes affect heritage planning functions, museums and local archives. This chapter sets Shaping Enfield is concerned with heritage out how this built, natural and cultural heritage management across buildings, landscape, will be conserved and enhanced and how high collections and practices. This develops the standards of new design will allow the Borough four themes used for workshops held with to grow sustainably. It shows how cultural participant groups from across Enfield’s resident heritage practices can be integrated into the communities. We started by asking groups the Council’s priority of reducing inequality and question: what is your favourite part of Enfield’s how heritage can be used to contribute to the heritage. The themes that emerged were: wellbeing of the Borough’s residents and visitors alike. The chapter also sets out how archives 1 memory, vulnerability and loss and museum collections can be used to secure greater engagement and participation. Distinctive 2 landscape, architecture and design elements of heritage and its uses are defined in the chapter Enfield Made. What follows is how 3 local studies and archives, museum collections these will be managed and interpreted to ensure and archaeology that Enfield retains cherished character as it draftbuilds on its opportunities for growth. 4 promotion and external funding

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Figure 6: Consultation and workshop event Figure 7: Consultation and workshop event

17 1.2 Memory, vulnerability and loss

We know that Enfield will grow significantly over 1.2.3 Access to information about collections as well the next five years. How we accommodate as built and landscape heritage underpins their change and growth can be influenced by our proper understanding and management whilst levels of engagement and the ways in which that informing place-making. Much of that information is brought about. In simple terms, we know that is located in the Local Studies collection, which a deeper level of engagement is often associated is of critical importance to the ongoing work with a greater attachment to place. This has to understand Enfield’s heritage. To ensure implications for how we design new environments the protection of these often-fragile resources to retain what is cherished and to anchor new the Council will continue its work to digitise and large-scale development. We also know the archives and maintain its recognition as an that Enfield’s historic environment is valued and Accredited Archive. that successful growth will depend on how it is managed. Fundamental to successful place- 1.2.4 Local groups are playing an increasingly making is a proper understanding of what already important role in memory-making and recording exists in terms of buildings, landscape, cultural and telling stories about places. In Enfield these practices and archaeology. groups vary from dedicated heritage study groups such as The Enfield Society to more Priorities informal gatheringsdraft such as Knit and Natter. There is scope to broaden the reach to groups 1.2.1 Oral histories capture unique stories and not currently engaged with heritage. experiences of Enfield in an immediately To assist local groups to find information, accessible form. Local Studies collect oral establish links and understand how to make histories relevant to the Borough’s history applications for funding the Council will provide whenever possible. The Voices of Forty Hall links to information on sources of funding and project received Heritage Lottery funding to community heritage functions on its websites. create a valuable archive and the Council will work to make this widely accessible and investigate further funding opportunities to extend the project.

1.2.2 Record-keeping is an important aspect of heritage management that can sometimesAdoption be overlooked. Planning conditions allow the Council to require significant records to be deposited with the Greater London Historic Environment record (GLHER.)

Figure 8: Broomfield House Figure 9: Charity Hall, Edmonton

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1.2.5 Historic England maintains a register of Heritage 1.2.8 War graves and memorials outside cemeteries at Risk that is updated annually. Enfield has 15 that are not maintained by the Commonwealth entries on the list. The reasons for buildings and War Graves Commission (CWGC) are increasingly landscapes being on the Risk register are often vulnerable. These include memorials to the civilian complex and long-standing. Resolution can be war dead at Lavender Hill Cemetery and those a slow and painstaking process, often involving killed in the Dunholme Road air disaster. The several agencies. The Council will remain Council will scope a strategy for their identification committed to working with relevant owner groups and ongoing management. and partners to secure their continued use and sustainable repair. 1.2.9 Many historic buildings play a role in supporting community functions, including listed properties 1.2.6 Social media has provided a public place such as Millfield or Salisbury House and unlisted for informal memory making, and a form of ones. Assets of Community Value will often engagement with local heritage. This form of have an association with particular historic use engagement is gaining increasing recognition. such as public houses. The Council will support In Enfield there are many well-supported groups community groups to identify local assets. on social media which encourage reminiscence Where appropriate, communities can make and the sharing of information, photos and draftapplications for their formal recognition as Assets memories, particularly of hidden or lost heritage. of Community Value. The Museum of Enfield page provides a new environment for this. To support the important 1.2.10 Reminiscence projects can play an important role work of story-telling and memory-making the in wellbeing. Museum article loan boxes can be Council will provide an online platform for used in reminiscence projects, available from the sharing information about heritage projects and Museum of Enfield to support engagement with local heritage groups. the collections.

1.2.7 The Council has reviewed its list of heritage assets of local value that are not covered by statutory protection. The Council will work to review inclusions using the same assessment criteria that underpinned the review. This will include considerationAdoption of heritage that may not yet be recognised as significant.

Figure 10: Abbotshall Avenue Figure 11: Salisbury House

19 1.3 Landscape, architecture and design

Substantial growth over the next 10 years means Priorities that historic buildings and landscapes will be 1.3.1 The importance of a high quality of design cannot affected across the Borough. Growth is expected be overstated in the successful management of to be concentrated in existing town centres, the Council’s built and landscape heritage. The increasing heights and densities. Established Council will support the new Place and Design town centres across Enfield hold the greatest Quality Panel and work to identify funding for new concentration of historic assets. How new design Design Guidance. High quality new design is key mediates between old and new, as at Enfield to creating a heritage for the future. Town Library, will be central to the success of place-making, enhancing town centres and 1.3.2 The current condition of the fire-damaged, grade creating new places to be proud of. II* Broomfield House is of key concern. The Putting mechanisms in place to ensure that Council has commissioned options appraisals new design is of high quality is a priority for the and worked closely with interested parties and Council. How new design responds to the historic will now work to select a preferred option and environment and its setting is central to this. The secure the necessary consents. Community Place Design and Quality Panel is the first stage engagement will underpin this and the Council in the process of raising standards in design will put in placedraft a communication strategy as the across planning functions, to be followed by new project progresses toward resolution. design guidance. Specialist householder design guidance for historic buildings would support the 1.3.3 The grade II registered park at Broomfield has conservation area appraisals and management been placed on the Heritage at Risk Register proposals. In conservation areas Article 4 by Historic England. The Council will work with Directions allow for the management of materials key stakeholders to secure agreement to a and detail long-term plan to improve the landscape and its interpretation. Initially this will take the form Green spaces across the Borough contribute to of investigation into sources of funding and its distinct character, ranging from agricultural management protocols. land and formally Registered historic parks, to street trees or richly planted private gardens. Informed growth can respond to, and be shaped by their heritage value. Adoption

Figure 12: Enfield Town library extension

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1.3.4 The management of the designated historic •• further development of the Voices of Forty Hall buildings and landscapes and their setting is a project statutory Council function through Development •• management proposals for the estate and its Management. The Council will continue to important, but fragile historic ecology support informed conservation practice as well as high standards of new design to conserve and •• continuing to develop understanding of the enhance historic assets and their setting. The archaeological significance of the site and protect Council will aim to review the management of the Scheduled Monument conservation areas on a five year basis and take 1.3.6 The landscape at Trent Park is also of national action to address emergent issues. significance. Planning consent is now in place for development on the site of the former Middlesex 1.3.5 Forty Hall and its estate have been the focus of University with associated works to that part significant works of interpretation, repair and of the landscape. A new museum is planned. enhancement, with funding from the HLF (Heritage The multiple uses of Trent Park mean that an Lottery Fund). Continued maintenance to match all-site management plan would benefit all users this high standard will be supported by work to and ensure that the fragile historic ecology and investigate further enhancements including: drafthistoric form of the park can be best protected. The Council will work toward putting this in place. •• securing long-term management proposals for the farm and ferme ornée •• manage Elsyng Palace scheduled monument in accordance with Historic England best practice •• the reinstatement of the water gardens

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Figure 13: Forty Hall overlooking the lake

21 1.3.7 Grovelands Park is on Historic England’s register 1.3.11 A holistic approach to planning and regeneration of Heritage at Risk. The landscape, designed offers the best opportunity to integrate heritage by Humphrey Repton, is of national significance assets into new development. Ongoing work but would benefit from better interpretation in Enfield Town supports the new masterplan as well as works to conserve and enhance through a new Article 4 Direction, small the historic landscape. The Council will work interventions and directed use of town centre towards a long term plan for removal of the park funding, underpinned by public engagement. The from the Heritage at Risk list and investigate model will be evaluated and considered for town potential sources of funding for interpretation centre improvements across the Borough. as a first stage in a programme to draw out the considerable potential of the site as a heritage 1.3.12 The quality of the public realm and the setting of destination. historic assets are central to their enhancement and successful place-making. The Council will 1.3.8 Where new development in the area will mean continue to review the public realm in town increased visitor numbers for Enfield’s historic centres and around historic assets. Where parks and gardens, the Council will investigate appropriate, it will scope separate bids for how their longer term maintenance can be funding. secured through development. draft 1.3.13 Much of the built industrial heritage in the east 1.3.9 Approximately 40% of the Borough is designated of the Borough has been lost. Meridian Water Green Belt. Green spaces across the Borough and other schemes of regeneration offer an have heritage significance, from the grand-scale opportunity to capture heritage in new ways as formal landscapes through to parks and incidental part of creating a new sense of place.’ green spaces around planned estates. Whilst the green spaces are recognised as valuable, their 1.3.14 The Council owns a number of historic properties relative heritage value is not fully understood. across the Borough and will continue to pursue There is opportunity to undertake a Borough- best practice for their maintenance. wide assessment of this important asset and the Council will work to secure funding to make this 1.3.15 Access to the historic environment should be assessment. inclusive and the Council will continue to support more inclusive design options. 1.3.10 Waterways in Enfield have playedAdoption an important role in the development of the Borough and 1.3.16 Envirocrime is an ongoing issue for the Council’s of London itself. These comprise the brooks, management of the historic environment. the New River, Enfield Lock and the Lea The Council will continue to enforce against Navigation, the River Lee and the five reservoirs. unauthorised works affecting heritage assets. Understanding of the heritage significance of the waterways across the Borough is not 1.3.17 Enfield’s Local Flood Risk Management Strategy currently informed by a Borough-wide heritage identifies that many of Enfield’s rivers suffered assessment. The Meridian Water development by being heavily engineered (usually channelised means that there is opportunity to undertake or culverted) during the 20th century when most a Borough-wide assessment of the relative of the borough was urbanised. In recent years heritage significance of its historic waterways it has been recognised that restoring rivers and and associated landscape and structures. The wetlands as natural features can deliver significant Council will liaise with the Canal & River Trust benefits to people and wildlife – these activities and work to secure funding to undertake this can also help restore Enfield’s natural heritage. assessment.

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Figure 14: Landscape at Trent Park

23 1.4 Archives, museum collections and archaeology

The Museum of Enfield has flourished since Priorities relocation to the Dugdale Centre, with exhibitions, Local Studies Library and Archives educational activities and supporting events now extending with Forty Hall across the 1.4.1 Access to information about the Council’s Borough. Salisbury House and Millfield House museum collections and archives is fundamental to continue to support a varied programme of their use. The Council is already working to digitise arts-based events. Rebranding as The Museum parts of the archives and this work will continue of Enfield has seen a new website and social through the life of the Strategy. The Council will media presence on Twitter, Instagram and continue to develop better access to the digitised Facebook. The collection is a unique resource archives through the website. focussed on objects from the former boroughs of Edmonton, Enfield and Southgate. The local 1.4.2 Awareness of what is in the Local Studies focus is maintained by the collection policy: items collections and archives could be improved. made in, owned in, used in, or bought in any The Council will work to improve outreach and of the three former boroughs. The exhibitions engagement including hard-to-reach groups. It will programme explores and celebrates aspects of continue to develop its programme of talks and the Borough’s character and heritage through its events. material culture. Building the volunteer cohort and draft using loan boxes for reminiscence is helping to 1.4.3 The potential for engagement with the Local reduce the sense of isolation for residents across Studies collections and archives to contribute to the Borough. mental health and well-being will be reflected in workshops with the Local Studies collection. The The Local Studies Library and Archives service Council will explore the potential to develop this has also relocated successfully to the Dugdale across the heritage functions, including designing Centre. It continues to collect and preserve training on accessing heritage through the built material relevant to the history of the Borough. In and natural environment for health providers. 2017, for the first time the service received formal accreditation. Adoption

Figure 15: National Archaeology Day: activities at Elsyng Figure 16: Firefighters at Green Street, 1915 Palace

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1.4.4 The Local Studies and Archive service is already 1.4.9 There is currently limited access to the Museum supported by volunteers in Oral History, IT and collections online. Digitisation of the collections is Research. The Council will continue to support likely to require additional funding and this will be volunteering opportunities through the service. investigated.

1.4.5 The use of archives in education is well-established 1.4.10 Physical contact with items in the Museum and the Council’s Enfield at War project developed collections has been a significant aspect of outreach a valuable resource for classroom use. There is programmes and this remains an important potential for further thematic projects and the part of the work of both the Museums and Local Council will work to investigate sources of funding Studies services. The Council will work to extend and identify necessary resources to support this the Museum article loan box offer and develop work. opportunities for on-site educational opportunities.

1.4.6 The Museum service has long been an accredited 1.4.11 Reminiscence through interaction with the Museum service by the Arts Council, England and it will collections has potential to improve wellbeing. continue to develop its collections, exhibitions and The Council will explore the potential to improve outreach programmes and strive to maintain its wellbeing through the creation of new museum accredited status. draftarticle reminiscence boxes.

1.4.7 There is opportunity to develop and diversify 1.4.12 Enfield has rich archaeological resources with 15 Museum audiences and better represent Enfield’s areas across the Borough being recognised as communities in the present day. The Council will Areas of Archaeological Interest. The Council will expand its exhibitions and events programme to work to improve understanding and awareness reflect diverse audiences. of the Borough’s archaeology and bolster deposits to the GLHER and the Greater London 1.4.8 Current communities in Enfield could be better Archaeological Advisory Service (GLAAS) through represented through the Museum collections. The Development Management. Council will work to reflect these communities through new additions to the collection and improved interpretationAdoption of existing collections.

Figure 17: Staircase at Forty Hall restored with HLF funding Figure 18: Minute Books

25 1.5 Promotion and external funding

The rich heritage of Enfield and its Museum, Local 1.5.3 Local heritage initiatives are of central importance Studies and Archives collections has not always to maintaining the profile of heritage across been well-known. There is scope for improved the Borough. The Council will maintain its interpretation of built and natural heritage assets, Conservation Advisory Group alongside the to develop on existing trails and events and to Place and Design Quality Panel. It will continue raise the profile nationally and internationally of to encourage partnerships such as the Local the Borough’s heritage. A flexible approach Heritage Review, undertaken in partnership with to promotion could include empty shop unit or The Enfield Society. To consolidate the work development sites. Museum collections and to encourage engagement and investment the archives underpin understanding and enjoyment Council will set up an annual networking event of Enfield’s development and distinctive cultural for community groups to access specialist practices have developed around it. For information and form new contacts. successful growth the importance of all of these needs to be understood and investment directed 1.5.4 The National Lottery Heritage Fund (NLHF) is to supporting their enjoyment and appreciation. central to funding across the Council heritage functions. The NLHF Strategic Funding Priorities Framework 2019-24 draws increased focus 1.5.1 The role of education is core to the museum upon wellbeing,draft capacity building and innovation. functions and through the museum events and Enfield is one of 13 funding focus areas identified activities at Forty Hall and Millfield House the in the document; one of 3 in London. We Council provides an imaginative programme of anticipate that over the next 5 years larger grant engagement. This is reflected by the Learning applications could be made for (but not limited Outside the Classroom award. The Council will to): continue to provide a high quality programme of educational activities and events to encourage •• securing the future of Broomfield House and Park engagement across the Borough. •• interpretation of Broomfield House and Park

1.5.2 Rebranding of the Museum service as the •• protecting and enhancing Forty Hall Estate and its Museum of Enfield and the associated website interpretation and social media pages has created a strong •• understanding Lee Valley and its industrial online presence. This has potential for improved heritage. information sharing across heritageAdoption services and support to local heritage initiatives.

Figure 19: Matchbox toys from ‘Terrific Toys: Made and Figure 20: Restored fragment of Minerva’s head. Exhibit from Hidden Played in Enfield’ exhibition Treasures: Revealing Broomfield House and Park

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1.5.5 There is also scope for the Council to diversify its 1.5.7 Walks and cycle routes across the Borough offer funding applications and to work in partnership access to built and landscape heritage but there with local funding bodies including the Enfield is currently relatively little smart access to heritage Society and Old Enfield Charitable Trust. As assets. If integrated these have significant projects areas are identified the Council will potential for use in promoting well-being and develop collaboration with significant local groups engagement with heritage across the Borough. and investigate funding opportunities. Improved interpretation and signage could increase engagement and understanding and 1.5.6 The Council will use Section 106 agreements the Council will work to establish more integrated and the local neighbourhood proportion of information through use of smart technologies the Community Infrastructure Levy (CIL) (once alongside more traditional interpretive formats. the governance arrangements for this have been approved) to direct funds to heritage 1.5.8 Heritage services already provide opportunities projects. Section 106 agreements seek to make for volunteering through the Local Studies a development acceptable in planning terms by and Archive and, more recently, the Museum. mitigating the harm caused by development, that Individual projects such as the Local Heritage cannot be dealt with via planning conditions within Review have also been undertaken by volunteers. the development itself. The CIL neighbourhood draftThere is scope to develop volunteering and proportion can contribute to the provision of Friends groups to support particular sites or community infrastructure, including cultural educational projects. facilities, which could be developed within an historic building or other heritage asset in liaison with communities. A creative approach to attracting external funding will depend on working with partner agencies at differing scales.

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Figure 21: Grovelands Park Figure 22: Millfield House arts centre

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Figure 23: St John’s, Palmers Green 28 I

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1.6 Objectives and aims

1.6.1 An expectation of delivery is central to Making Enfield. Objectives and Aims set out targets by which our performance can be measured. Some objectives have a defined time-scale but others are simply expected to be delivered within the five-year life ofMaking Enfield. Aims are either ongoing heritage initiatives that may not have a defined end-point or are longer-term aspirations. They are harder to quantify. However, it is expected that some of the aims may also be met through the five-year life of the document.

1.6.2 Tables of objectives and aims are colour coded to recognise the difference in expectations of delivery. All objectives have a stated target to be delivered within a five-year period and they are coloured paler blue on the table. Aims, or aspirations, may indicate longer term ambitions, draft or may reflect the continuous and ongoing aspect of the task – such as ensuring the proper protection of heritage assets through the planning process.

1.6.3 All identified objectives can currently be delivered from within existing Council structures and resources, but this is subject to changing demands on resources. There is also scope for using consultancies to support some projects. Partnership working may be critical and external funding could provide significant additionality. Where appropriate, the Council will support efforts to secure Adoptionexternal grants.

29 Memory, vulnerability and loss

Department/ Objective or Aim Task Other Output Timeframe

Improve heritage engagement by continuing Put extracts from interviews on Resources Website link to project output By March 2024 to add to the Local Studies collection of oral Council website histories and sharing the output of Voices of Conservation O1 Forty Hall Estate Continue to add to the Local Studies Advisory Group collection of Oral History recordings, including through the Enfield Poets Jukebox

Increase awareness and use of the Greater Review use of GLHER in planning Place Review use of conditions relating By March 2024 London Historic Environment Record applications to GLHER (GLHER) GLHER O2 Hold training event Hold training session for Council officers/local agents

Maintain the professional standard Submit for confirmation of Resources Secure confirmation of the By 2024 accreditation for Local History and Archives accreditation archive accreditation O3 Service

Support local heritage groups in scoping Provide online resources for local Place draftPrepare additional resources funding bids heritage groups for information for the heritage webpage and A1 sharing Resources upload to Council website

Work to resolve issues with identified Liaise with Communications team on Place Maintain an up-to-date Heritage Ongoing to Heritage at Risk highlighting vulnerable local heritage at Risk register and make annual 2024 and work towards a heritage at risk Historic England contact with owners to monitor communications protocol. progress. O4 Work with property owners and Historic England to secure repairs and identify opportunities for adaptation and sustainable use

Improve the sharing of information on Work to increase cover of local Place Support local heritage groups By 2024 vulnerable local heritage heritage initiatives in media and with social media strategies and support local heritage groups in Resources information-sharing through O5 using social media presentation to the Conservation Conservation study Advisory Group (CAG) and Adoptiongroups update as guidance changes Maintain a list of assets of local heritage Maintain and update the local list on Place Review the local lists of heritage By 2020 significance and consolidate the recognition an annual basis assets on an annual basis O6 of cultural heritage value. Maintain a record The Enfield Society public monuments and sculpture on the Council website Volunteer cohort

Improve wellbeing for those with memory Create reminiscence boxes Resources Prepare a number of By 2021 loss through reminiscence projects to improve wellbeing through reminiscence boxes for use in O7 engagement with the Museum wellbeing projects and events in collection the Museum

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Landscape, architecture and design

Department/ Objective or Aim Task Other Output Timeframe

Improve the quality of new design and Introduce Design Guidance Place The production and adoption By 2024 O8 consolidate the role of the Place and Design of new elements of Design Quality Panel Guidance

Develop and improve information for Produce a Residential Design Guide Place Identify funding for production A2 householders on design detail and adoption of a Residential Design Guide

Continue to manage the Borough’s Encourage sustainable and creative Place Ensure that substantial weight Ongoing heritage and its setting as appropriate to its decision-making to conserve and is given to heritage assets and significance through regulatory and planning enhance historic assets and their their settings in decision-making O9 functions and develop the instrumental value settings through strategic planning, and strategic planning and of heritage in place-making. Development Management and through creative approaches to regulatory services growth.

Ensure that assessments of significance Support Development Management Place Decision-making and Ongoing are undertaken according to current best through informed assessments designations demonstrate how practice to support decision-making of significance consistent with best practice has been followed O10 best practice as set out in Historic draft England guidance

Encourage heritage-led regeneration to Use heritage assessments to identify Place Ensure that heritage Ongoing create a sense of place heritage of significance, including assessments inform Council-led O11 intangible, hidden and undesignated proposals for regeneration heritage to inform regeneration and place making

Use historic environment assets to inform Undertake town centre analysis Place Use Local Studies and Archives Ongoing town centre development and investment supported by Local Studies Library resources to analyse town and Archive. Develop interpretive Resources centre historic character and O12 materials to support town centre develop material for supporting investment and town centre Action interpretation Plans.

Choose a preferred option for Broomfield Determine a preferred option for the Place Preferred option determined By 2024 House and work towards resolution house and stable block and secure Adoptionthe necessary permissions Chief Executive Consents in place O13 Partnerships in place

Community engagement

Put in place proposals to safeguard the Work in partnership with Place Investigate funding for delivery future of Broomfield Park and work towards stakeholders to promote delivery of of the framework A3 removal from the HAR list the management framework Chief Executive

Historic England

Recognise the industrial heritage of much of Mark industrial heritage as part of Place Heritage projects aligned to the east of the borough regeneration schemes in the east of development schemes to A4 the borough, through diverse and Resources develop an understanding of the innovative approaches to recording Borough’s industrial heritage and interpretation

Maintain the character and significance of Monitor the Conservation Area Place Scope a review of Conservation Start scoping a O14 the conservation areas Appraisal and Management Area Appraisals and monitor the review by 2021. Proposals and Article 4 Directions existing Management Proposals

31 Department/ Objective or Aim Task Other Output Timeframe

Consolidate estate improvements at Forty Investigate funding options Place Scope project requirements and Hall from the NLHF project. Scope a potential funding sources A5 dedicated estate manager and proposals to Resources reinstate the Forty Hall water gardens

Scope proposals to repair Forty Hall walled Investigate funding options Place Scope project requirements and A6 garden potential funding sources Resources

Secure the long-term future of existing Sustain the Local Plan designation Place Maintain protected views in the By 2024 protected views across Forty Hall landscape of protected views at Forty Hall and Local Plan O15 work to resolve issues with seasonal Resource lighting Liaise with Tottenham Hotspur FC on seasonal lighting

Ensure the long-term conservation-led New Management Plan for Trent Place Approve a new Management By 2024 management of the Trent Park landscape. Park estate Plan for Trent Park landscape O16 Resources that recognises landscape and draftecological heritage Scope proposals for the enhancement of Investigate funding for measures in Place Identify potential funding A7 Grovelands Park the draft management plan sources and scope project requirements

Improve understanding of the hierarchy Compile a list of the green spaces Place Review Enfield’s Green Spaces of heritage value of the Borough’s green across Enfield and analyse their for heritage value and compile spaces relative heritage value a Borough-wide list identifying A8 relative significance Scope potential for volunteer-led project Scope potential for volunteer-led project

Improve understanding of the heritage value Undertake a review of waterways Place Liaise with stakeholder groups of the Borough’s waterways and consider protection & to review the relative heritage interpretation options Canal & River Trust value of the Borough’s A9 waterways Thames Water

Make public realm improvements in the AdoptionInitiate public realm and Gateway Place Scope public realm historic environment and particularly around schemes, including public realm improvements in town centres the town centres audits to support Town Centre and historic environments and Action Plans identify potential project partners A10 Continue to follow Streetscape Policy and Guidance for works in Conservation Areas-

Improve quality of new design in historic Work with Place and Design Quality Place Scope the creation of a new areas Panel to create a Design Award design award in consultation scheme Resources with the Place and Design A11 Quality Panel Place and Design Quality Panel

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Improve the public realm in Southgate town Southgate Public Realm Strategy Place Create a project brief and scope Ongoing centre and enhance the setting of the tube resources O17 station

Maintain Council-owned historic properties Continue to maintain the Council Place Maintain Council-owned historic Ongoing to current best practice standards owned portfolio of historic buildings buildings and parks O18 and parks Resources

Understand the works required to improve Scope putting in place Management Place In collaboration with Historic the condition of the Council-owned Plans for all Council-owned Parks on England scope Management Registered Parks on the HAR Register the HAR Register Plans for all Council-owned A12 Parks on the HAR

Identify funding

Work to ensure that events in historic parks Agree cross-departmental protocol Place Cross-departmental practice are managed to strict protocols that preserve on appropriate uses and protective note for events in historic parks A13 their heritage significance measures to ensure the protection Resources of landscape heritage draft Ensure that development proposals strive Set up a protocol for engagement Place Protocol for engagement with to achieve inclusive access to the historic with user groups at an early stage relevant user groups on inclusive A14 environment that is welcoming, responsive on large scale proposals access for large scale proposals and flexible

Continue to enforce against envirocrime Ongoing and targeted enforcement Place Successful enforcement against Ongoing affecting the historic environment and as against envirocrime affecting the unauthorised works affecting O19 part of the toolkit to help support heritage historic environment heritage assets by envirocrime initiatives team

Where appropriate work to restore rivers Scope projects to restore rivers and Place Restoration of sections of river and wetlands as natural features to enhance wetlands to enhance heritage assets and wetlands to enhance built A15 wellbeing and built and natural heritage with key stakeholders and identify and natural heritage assets funding Adoption

33 Local studies and archives, museum collections and archaeology

Department/ Objective or Aim Task Other Output Timeframe

Improve access to the archives Complete the online cataloguing of Resources A fully online and searchable By 2024 all archives materials and provide catalogue of all Archival holdings O20 access online to appropriate selected digitised materials

Complete the digitisation of all the Local Scan all Local Studies photo and Resources Fully online and searchable Studies photo and image collection image collection and add suitable catalogue of all Archival photo A16 images to online database and image holdings

Broaden awareness of the Local Studies and Hold open days with targeted/hard- Resources Provide introductory workshops By 2024 O21 Archives collections to-reach groups on collections for targeted groups

Support wellbeing through the use of the Hold training workshops and arrange Resources Hold training workshops for By 2024 Local Studies collection placements identified groups to support wellbeing O22 Explore the potential for a National Lottery Heritage Fund draft(NLHF) bid to provide additional staff to support the project

Continue to support volunteering in the Local Maintain a volunteering capacity Resources Support the existing volunteer Studies Library and Archive in the Local Studies Library and cohort and continue to develop A17 Archive service volunteering opportunities in the service

Continue to develop the educational potential Identify thematic studies for future Resources Develop a list of thematic studies A18 of the Local Studies and Archive funding bids for future funding bids

Continue to develop the Museum collection Continue acquisitions, exhibitions, Resources Maintain a programme of Ongoing and programme of exhibitions and maintain education and events to reflect the acquisition, education, events O23 its accreditation by the Arts Council, England breadth of Enfield’s heritage and exhibitions to sustain Arts Council England accreditation

Continue to improve and broaden Further develop and diversify the Resources Support all exhibitions with an By 2024 O24 engagement with the Museum collections programme of talks and events to accompanying programme of Adoptionaccompany exhibitions. talks and events Better reflect all of Enfield’s present- Expand the exhibitions and Resources Add new items to the Museum By 2024 day communities through the Museum events programme and collect collection to reflect current collections, exhibitions and events additional items that reflect Enfield’s communities communities today O25 Diversify the Museum programme of exhibitions and events to reflect the Borough’s current communities

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Department/ Objective or Aim Task Other Output Timeframe

Improve online access to the Museum Identify project funding and Resources Continue to digitise Museum Ongoing collections held at both sites implement digitised recording of the collections from Forty Hall and Museum collections External funding the Museum of Enfield body O26 Scope digitisation of the Museum collections

Secure funding for scoping the project and delivery

Encourage museum visiting to both Forty Develop existing audience for Resources Expand the Museum educational By 2024 Hall and the Museum of Enfield Forty Hall’s children’s workshop workshops across all sites programme across the Museum of O27 Enfield and Forty Hall to encourage engagement across the venues and collections.

Extend the Forty Hall museum collection and Continue to develop the visitor Resources Showcase related objects from By 2024 interpretation to encourage repeat visits experience at Forty Hall with further the museum at Forty Hall. objects from the museum collection O28 and new interpretation to encourage draftCreate new interpretive material repeat visitors and new and wider audiences

Continue to improve public access to the Identify further objects for Resources Continue to display the restored By 2024 Museum collections by restoring objects for conservation works to build on paintings at Forty Hall. Identify O29 display at Forty Hall the recent installation of restored further objects from the Museum paintings at Forty Hall collection for restoration and display

Extend engagement at Forty Hall through the Develop the programme of Resources Identify and consolidate funding Living History project costumed interpretation as free for the Living History events Living History events at Forty Hall A19 Consolidate and expand the programme of events and interpretation

Increase partnership working with local Incorporate The Enfield Society’s Place Scope the Young Explorer’s groups Young Explorers Guide and the Guide for themes to use in the A20 themes within it into the Forty The Enfield Society education programme AdoptionHall education programmes and resources

Improve engagement with harder to reach Offer free exhibitions and free or very Resources Increase visitor numbers from Ongoing audiences low-cost, events, resources and hard to reach groups O30 activities to encourage engagement with harder to reach audiences and increase accessibility

35 Department/ Objective or Aim Task Other Output Timeframe

Extend the programme of Living History Develop Forty Hall’s existing Resources Scope extending the existing events programme of education, outreach, Living History programme to all family and informal learning, talks, venues A21 concerts, events and activities in all venues and continue to develop engagement with our heritage through our volunteer programme.

Sustain the ongoing care and conservation Identify objects for conservation Resources Identify objects for conservation A22 of objects in the Museum collections and redisplay from the Museum and redisplay and scope funding collections

Improve wellbeing through reminiscence Create reminiscence boxes Resources Prepare a number of projects to improve wellbeing through reminiscence boxes for use in A23 engagement with the Museum wellbeing projects and events in collection the museums

Improve the rate of deposits in the Greater Investigate training on GLHER Place Review use of conditions in By 2024 London Historic Environment Record functions and resources available Development Management (GLHER) for Enfield Resources O31 Review the use of conditions to draftProvide link to GLHER from improve GLHER deposit rates GLHER heritage resources webpage

Provide a link to the GLHER website

Improve understanding of the significance of Support the Greater London Place Work to meet best practice By 2024 Enfield’s archaeology Archaeological Advisory Service as set out by GLAAS and (GLAAS) in their review of Resources make links to future reviews of Archaeological Priority Areas and Archaeological Priority Areas O32 local archaeological societies GLAAS (lead body) and information about local archaeological societies available Enfield on the Council website Archaeological Society Adoption

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Promotion and external funding

Department/ Objective or Aim Task Other Output Timeframe

Build the Museum of Enfield brand and Co-ordinate information sharing Place Create a strategy for managing By 2024 enhance the online provision and a social through the Dugdale website and and sharing heritage information media strategy for the sharing of heritage Heritage pages Resources through the Dugdale site and O33 projects and initiatives across the Council heritage pages

Increase awareness of Blue Plaques in Make Enfield Blue Plaque Project Resources Prepare the resources and make Enfield (2017) resources available as a free the download available through A24 download as a heritage learning the Museum of Enfield. project for schools.

Maintain specialist local advice on heritage Maintain a programme of Place Maintain the programme of Ongoing planning issues Conservation Advisory Group (CAG) monthly CAG meetings with meetings and review membership as representation to Planning O34 appropriate draftCommittee Support and recognise the work of local Set up an annual networking event Place Hold an ongoing annual event heritage groups for heritage groups A25 Resources

Diversify funding for built and landscape Collaborate with local funding Place Meet TES and the OECT to heritage projects bodies including The Enfield Society identify current and emergent and Old Enfield Charitable Trust The Enfield Society heritage concerns and to investigate targeted partnership (TES) opportunities A26 opportunities Old Enfield Charitable Trust (OECT)

Use Section 106 (S106) and the Community Identify priority project areas and Place Agree project areas for S106/ Infrastructure Levy (CIL)neighbourhood secure agreement to direct CIL/ CIL proportion to support heritage initiatives S106 funding A27 Adoption

Develop heritage as a resource for well-being Work with community groups to Place Create smart and traditional A28 create new &/or consolidate heritage interpretive heritage routes for cycle and walking trails Resources pedestrians and cyclists

Develop the volunteer capacity of heritage Work with the Third Sector Place Identify suitable projects and Development Team to identify develop the volunteer cohort. A29 projects and explore opportunities Resources Identify the potential for training for training for participants opportunities through heritage across Council services

37 Department/ Objective or Aim Task Other Output Timeframe

Increase awareness of Enfield’s heritage and Continue to participate in Open Place Increase number of properties Ongoing new architecture House, work to secure funding and in Enfield participating in Open expand and diversify participant Resources House O35 properties Open House Scope funding options for continued participation

Increase awareness of Enfield’s heritage Consolidate and diversify products in Resources Increase visitor numbers and Ongoing and showcase local manufacturers through the Museum of Enfield shop sales for the Museum of Enfield merchandise and Forty Hall shops. A30 Use the Forty Hall guidebook to promote Forty Hall and Enfield’s heritage to a wider audience and generate income

Increase understanding of different periods Scope a long term exhibition about Resources Curate a long term exhibition of history at Forty Hall and Enfield’s the Parker Bowles family at Forty about the Parker Bowles family connectivity with London Hall and encourage the exploration at Forty Hall and encourage A31 of later eras of London and Forty the exploration of later eras of Scope funding for exhibition Hall’s history by repeat and new draftLondon and Forty Hall’s history visitors. by repeat and new visitors

Improve pedestrian and cycle heritage Create new heritage trails and Place Scope interpretation trails and A32 interpretation routes interpretation across the Borough investigate project funding

Ensure inclusive access to heritage assets Create new inclusive heritage trails Place Scope project to create inclusive and interpretation and accompanying interpretation heritage interpretation resources A33 Resources across the Borough including built and green spaces and Third Sector identify sources of funding

Consolidate support for the Museums Establish a new Museum of Enfield Resources Establish and maintain a new A34 service Friends Group Friends Group for the Museum of Enfield Adoption

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Southgate Station

Edmonton Green Palmers Green

Angel Road

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Figure 24: Enfield’s Regional Context

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2.1 Existing Borough context

2.1.1 As an outer London borough, the Borough 2.1.3 The Borough of Enfield was established in 1965, of Enfield has seen significant change over and brought together the three former boroughs its lifetime. From very much rural beginnings, of Edmonton, Southgate and Enfield. The the Borough has seen successive periods of Borough now extends over 32 square miles with urbanisation. Today the Borough encapsulates one third of its area occupied by housing and a very attractive and full range of characteristics another third by Green Belt, comprising mainly - from high density and modern urban areas farming, country parks and horticulture. There around Edmonton, to classic suburban are more waterways in Enfield than in any other neighbourhoods in Southgate and rural hamlets London borough. such as Botany Bay.

2.1.2 The Borough has relatively strong edges formed on the east by the Lee Valley, to the north by the M25 and to the south notionally by the North Circular Road which runs through the southern section of the Borough. There are strong relationships in the west of the Borough with Barnet and its adjacent centres and draft neighbourhoods and to the south, with Haringey.

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Figure 25: The New River

43 Topography

2.1.4 The Borough of Enfield has a clear pattern of topography. The higher ground in the north west slopes down relatively gradually to the Lee Valley floor in the east. The higher ground provides long views across the Borough from the west, many from the historic routes which follow the ridges through the north and west areas. The lower ground is the most densely developed and populated, with the higher ground much more open and predominantly rural in character. River- related uses are focused around the valley floor.

2.1.5 The historic built and natural environment of the Borough strikingly reflects this difference. The west, where the former Royal Chase and some of the more substantial private estates lay, retains large areas of open space and leafy suburbs, quite different from that of the flatter, more draft densely developed, industrial east. This history of contrasting landforms, landscapes and land uses has become a distinctive feature of the Borough’s heritage.

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Figure 26: Topography

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Historic settlement 2.1.7 The construction of the Great Cambridge Road in the 1920s created an additional strong axial 2.1.6 Both Enfield: a Living Landscapeand the two route. Another wave of construction came with Enfield Characterisation Studies summarise the the 1930s extension of the Piccadilly line and pattern of the Borough’s development, tracking its remarkable Holden-designed stations, with intervention in the landscape from the Roman suburban housing and small, planned estates construction of Ermine St and exploitation of continuing to spread as the old estates were sold the natural resources of the Lee Valley. They up for development. Post-war reconstruction point to small settlements along principal routes brought proposals for ambitious rebuilding, surrounded by agricultural land and estates. resulting in a number of distinctive high-rise They describe how the Chase, the former royal housing estates, most notably in the east. hunting ground to the west, was fringed by Throughout the course of Enfield’s development grand estates following the late C18th pattern communities established, prospered, dwindled of enclosure, whilst Edmonton prospered along or passed through Enfield, all leaving their traces. the length of the coaching route on Fore St and The creation of the London Borough of Enfield Enfield developed as a market town. Accelerated in 1965 united the resulting rich built, collected development followed the construction of and natural heritage of Edmonton, Enfield railways from the 1870s, spreading out through and Southgate under a single jurisdiction. The modest-sized settlements and planned estates, designation of the Green Belt had protected its set against increasingly intensive industrialisation rural fringe anddraft the construction of the North along the Lee Valley and market gardening in Circular in 1931 and the M25 through the late both east and west. 1970s and 1980s, contained it.

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Figure 27: Topography and historic cores

45 Landscape and greenspace

2.1.8 The extent of surviving landscape remains a remarkable feature of Enfield. Areas of Green Belt form part of the historic setting of both the capital and the former historic towns of Enfield and Edmonton. The Green Belt designation includes both the more open landscape to the north west and the area around the Lee valley. Traces remain of the former royal hunting ground, the Chase, field boundaries and substantial parkland from former grand estates, as well as many municipal parks and rural and semi-rural open spaces. These dot the north west of the Borough and give it a distinct, suburban character outside the town centres in marked contrast to much of the east. Here, the waterways and Lee valley cut a swathe through industrial land. Also important to the heritage of Enfield are the verges and street trees across all areas, often planted as part of draft planned estate developments and contributing to the suburban form.

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Figure 28: Green space

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Connections 2.1.11 The railways and tube followed similar north-south orientations. Natural and manmade waterways 2.1.9 Much of Enfield’s heritage comes from its thread their way through the Borough, with the connections – routes created in and out of Lee providing a strong north-south boundary to London from the more rural counties to the north, the east and a spine for industrial development, and across from east to west. These patterns particularly from the C18th onwards. The historic are apparent in the road, rail, tube, cycleway and built environment reflects these connections, pedestrian infrastructure, as well as the north- from the navigable waterways, the grand estates south orientation of the Lee valley. The Cycle and landscapes located on the outer reaches of Enfield project has continued the pattern of a day’s ride from the capital through to modest creating routes across the Borough. suburban housing built around the tube stations.

2.1.10 Enfield has extraordinary connectivity. From Roman times, routes ran north along Ermine Street and it is hard to imagine how London itself could have developed and thrived without the Lee Valley, or the industry that flourished around it. The old Hertford Road coaching route and the later Great Cambridge Road provided vital vehicular routes to and from the capital, now draft offset by the strong lateral connections of the North Circular and the M25.

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Cycle routes Greenway routes Paths

Figure 29: Major walking, water, rail and road routes

47 Industry 2.1.13 Extraordinary innovations that changed everyday life came from Ponders End, including diodes and 2.1.12 Industry and manufacturing were fundamental to television sets, thermos flasks, infra-red heating how much of the east of the Borough developed bars, plugs, sockets and digital communication. and are a feature of Enfield’s heritage that The introduction of the incandescent light bulb continues to this day. The industrial landscape by Sir Joseph Swan revolutionised our use of that has survived retains few individual historic electricity. There were many familiar names buildings or clusters, other than the ‘hidden gem’ manufacturing in the Borough, including Thorn of Wright’s Flour Mills. It survives principally in EMI, Sears’ toys and Ripault’s, for cables. building volumes and densities, street names, Although many of the companies have now gone, waterways, building grain and communities memories of those who worked for them survive. of current and former employees around the Industry remains, however and the manufacturing Borough. heritage is being reclaimed though initiatives such as Meridian Works. draft

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Enfield Borough boundary Railway Piccadilly line Main routes Open space Waterbody Main town centres National Rail station London Underground station Strategic Industrial Locations

Figure 30: Large scale industrial areas

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Communities and cultural practices 2.1.16 Public houses along key routes and in town centres and libraries, purpose-built municipal and 2.1.14 Enfield’s heritage is as much about the less community halls provided hubs for the resident tangible heritage of its communities and cultural communities and many remain as landmarks practices as the quality of the buildings and within the local streetscene. Parks and gardens landscapes that remain. Some of this heritage is and sports grounds and facilities often remain manifest in patterns of use but some of it is hidden on the same sites but have been adapted for or living heritage, expressed within communities changing leisure uses. Some of the structures and consequently as part of the story of the associated with these various practices such as Borough’s heritage, is more vulnerable to loss. the former Queen Elizabeth Stadium are now statutorily listed. Many, however, are currently 2.1.15 Historic patterns of use have shaped the undesignated. Borough. Agriculture and market gardening are reflected in surviving agricultural uses and 2.1.17 Many communities have settled and stayed garden centres in the north west of the Borough. in Enfield and their practices have shaped the Navigable waterways were important for the Borough’s character over the generations. These Borough’s growth, as was the New River. The practices may be reflected in the stories of, and Lea Navigation can still be experienced by told by different communities and survive as a boaters and towpath users as an ‘open, living living heritage. They are recognised in festivals, museum. Industry remains very apparent in the draftin the reminiscences of wartime Ponders End, east, but smaller-scale manufacturing that took the work or local poets, artists or more informal place across Enfield is much less so. Places of community initiatives. Projects reflecting the worship remain in use, or have been reconfigured heritage of Enfield’s established communities and repurposed for changing communities. could come through oral histories, reminiscence, interpretive routes, performance, art, music and poetry and other initiatives.

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Figure 31: Midden pit Stomp and Sniff

49 2.2 Approach to heritage

2.2.1 In 2008 Enfield Council published its first •• extending the understanding of local heritage Heritage Strategy: A Living Landscape. The through museums exhibitions including Enfield at Strategy was important in setting out Council- War, Terrific Toys: Made and Played in Enfield, wide aspirations and priorities for management The Enfield Society: 80 years of Action and of its heritage assets, providing an evidence base Hidden Treasures: Revealing Broomfield House for the Local Plan and relating heritage to the and Park. Council’s Community Strategy. •• repairs to significant Heritage at Risk including 2.2.2 A Living Landscape included a definition of Truro House and the former Charles Lamb Halls heritage, a characterisation of Enfield’s natural •• working in partnership with a number of local and built heritage, approaches to managing bodies including: them and its collections, and key objectives relating to certain projects. It also included broad •• the Broomfield Partnership Board for aspirations for engagement and participation, Broomfield House as well as the identification of what is known as •• The Enfield Society on the Local Heritage ‘intangible heritage’, where particular cultural Review practices have gained significance. •• St Edmund’sdraft school and other local groups in 2.2.3 Much of what was proposed in A Living the delivery of Monmouth Road Green Landscape has been achieved and there has •• increasing educational provision related to been success with: heritage through the programmes at Forty Hall, exhibitions at the Dugdale Centre, local studies •• relocation of the museum service to the Dugdale resource packs and a new educational resources Centre at Thomas Hardy House in Enfield Town page on the Council website. •• establishment of a partnership board for Broomfield House, followed by an options 2.2.4 Other objectives were less easy to measure, but appraisal and public consultation on preferred there is still progress to be made on: options •• upgrading of Forty Hall through a successful HLF •• putting heritage at the heart of place-making- the bid Local Plan Review provides an opportunity to put in place appropriate measures •• award of ‘Learning outside the Classroom’Adoption accreditation •• broadening the base of local heritage engagement – Production of this new strategy •• completing a review of the conservation has been focussed on trying to extend the reach areas resulting in the designation of six new of heritage engagement conservation areas •• increasing participation in heritage locally - •• reviewing conservation area character the volunteer-led Local Heritage Review has appraisals and management proposals for all 22 consolidated local engagement but there is much conservation areas more to be done •• securing a greater understanding of local heritage •• creating tomorrow’s heritage – the new Council through the completion of the Local Heritage Place and Design Quality Panel will help secure a Review better quality of design and contribute to this •• consulting on intangible heritage across the Borough – the focus of this Strategy on heritage practices concentrates on different forms of heritage and their importance to Enfield

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council-led social housing

Dujardin Mews in Ponders End is the first Council- led social housing built in 40 years.

Part of the Alma Estate renewal programme, it was designed by Karakusevic Carson architects with Maccreanor Lavington.

It won two RIBA awards in 2017.

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Figure 32: Dujardin Mews

51 Heritage Conference 2013

2.2.5 In 2013 the Council held a Heritage Conference bringing together local people and heritage professionals for a day of talks and workshops. The Conference reported support for the Heritage Strategy but:

2.2.6 ‘…there were ways it could be improved – such as making it a shorter, more focused document with an action plan, timetable for delivery, responsibilities for every party and a clear way of monitoring progress and success. Local groups wanted to be part of the development of the Strategy.’

2.2.7 A key action coming out of the Conference was that the Heritage Strategy should be revised in draft collaboration with local people. This prompted us to think about how a new Strategy could be shaped in collaboration with community representatives and ultimately to our approach to workshops and consultation.

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Figure 33: Image of heritage event

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Figure 34: Enfield Town library extension interior

53 2.3 Existing heritage context

2.3.1 The 2008 Heritage Strategy: A Living of immigration and emigration - have become Landscape by the Paul Drury Partnership/ part of the heritage of the place. The Museum Stuart Davies Associates provided a summary collections include items used by successive analysis of the development of the Borough generations in Enfield at home, work, worship supported by a separate Characterisation and rest, and the documents and records of Study by the Paul Drury Partnership. This was their lives are recorded in the maps, rate books, followed by The Enfield Characterisation newspapers and Council minutes and birth and Study of 2011 by Urban Practitioners. These marriage registers in the archives. They are how documents describe how Enfield’s urban and we tell the stories of Enfield. natural landscape evolved to become the former boroughs of Edmonton, Enfield and Southgate. 2.3.3 In this section we set out how the product They point to an extraordinary diversity of place of those interactions is recognised through encompassing urban, suburban, rural and conventional forms of heritage designation, industrial characteristics now united in a single collection and management. This includes Borough. Patterns of collection in the three the listing of buildings and register of historic former boroughs have formed the Local Studies landscapes, the designation of conservation resource and shaped the acquisition of the areas, the curation and management of archives, 17,000 artefacts now held by the Museum of the creation anddraft presentation of oral histories, Enfield. the recording and interpretation of archaeology and the curation and interpretation of museum 2.3.2 Enfield’s heritage is one of constantly shifting artefacts and additions to collections. It also patterns of governance, work, habitation, faith explores less recognised cultural practices that and leisure practices and of how different have helped to shape the Borough including communities have used and responded to that. patterns of use and how stories are told about In some instances those practices themselves Enfield. - the fairs, markets, faith practices, patterns Adoption

Figure 35: Housing along the New River Figure 36: Café at Enfield Town F.C. (former Queen Elizabeth stadium)

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Figure 37: Oakwood tube station signage

55 Listed buildings Conservation areas

2.3.4 Listed buildings are buildings of national 2.3.5 Conservation Areas are defined areas of significance. In the Borough there are clearly special architectural or historic interest. The identifiable clusters of listed buildings following Council has a duty to make sure that only early patterns of settlement and transport routes. those areas of sufficient significance are Enfield currently has 479 listed buildings and designated. Conservation Area designations they have statutory protection. Buildings with for Enfield were revised in 2008 and confirmed the highest gradings (II* or I) are principally as part of the recent review of appraisals and former private estates outside these town-centre management proposals. The boundary for Fore concentrations. The Holden tube stations are the St conservation area was amended in 2017. exception. There are now 22 conservation areas across the Borough. Further details can be found on the Council website. draft

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Figure 38: Listed buildings and registered parks and gardens

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2.3.6 Conservation Areas in Enfield are: •• Meadway •• Montagu Road Cemeteries •• Abbotshall Avenue •• Ponders End Flour Mills •• Bush Hill Park •• Southgate Circus •• Church St, Edmonton •• Southgate Green •• Clay Hill •• The Lakes •• Enfield ockL •• The Crescent •• Enfield ownT •• Turkey St •• Fore St •• Trent Park •• Forty Hill •• Vicars Moor Lane •• Grange Park •• Winchmore Hill •• Hadley Wood •• Highlands draft

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Figure 39: Conservation areas

57 Article 4 Directions Heritage at Risk

2.3.7 Conservation area designations are supported 2.3.9 There are currently 16 entries on the Historic by Article 4 Directions. Article 4 Directions England register of Heritage at Risk for Enfield allow the Council to remove certain permitted although work is underway at some. They are: development rights so that planning permission is required. They are principally concerned •• All Saints Church with matters of detail affecting the front face of •• Broomfield House properties including windows, doors, roof slopes and front boundary walls. Further details of each •• Stable block at Broomfield House Article 4 Direction can be found on the individual •• Broomfield Park conservation area pages. •• Church St Conservation Area Local list •• Former Edmonton Girl’s Charity Hall 2.3.8 The Local List was reviewed by the Council in •• 24 Church St, Edmonton collaboration The Enfield Society and undertaken by local community volunteers. A new list was •• Fore St Conservation Area published in 2017. It now holds 262 entries draft •• Grovelands Park including structures and landscapes. The revised Local List, sculptures and blue plaques can be •• Ladysmith Electricity Works viewed on the Council website. •• Nonconformist chapel, Lavender Hill Cemetery •• New Covenant Church (Former Charles Lamb Halls) •• Southgate House •• Trent Park •• Trent Park terrace Adoption•• Whitewebbs Barn

Figure 40: Early C19th and early C20th housing Figure 41: New Covenant Church (former Charles Lamb Halls), Edmonton

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Figure 42: Locally listed structures and landscape Adoption

Figure 43: Launch of the Local Heritage List 2017

59 Ancient Monuments Archaeological Priority Areas

2.3.10 There are 5 scheduled Ancient Monuments in 2.3.11 The Greater London Archaeology Advisory Enfield. These have protection under the Ancient Service for London maintains the Heritage Monuments Act (1931). They are: Environmental Record for London. Enfield was reviewed in 2011 and is due for review again in •• Site of Elsyng Hall, Forty Hall 2024. Further information can be found in the Development Management Document. Currently, •• Earthworks at Old Park there are 25 designated Areas of Archaeological •• Moated site, Camlet Moat, Moat Wood Importance. Further information can be found in the Development Management Document. •• Flash Lane Aqueduct •• Old Park Moated Lake draft

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1 8 Ancient monuments 4 Areas of Archaelogical Importance 1 Monken Hadley Common Adoption6 2 En eld Chase and Camlet Moat 5 11 3 Whitewebbs Hill, Bulls Cross and Forty Hill 10 4 Lea Valley West Bank 7 5 Old Park Golf Course Scheduled Monument 9 6 En eld Town Centre 12 7 Ermine Street 8 Green Street 9 Bush Hill Park 13 14 10 Southbury Road 25 11 Durants Road 12 Lea Valley East Bank 16 13 Winchmore Hill 15 14 Winchmore Hill Moated Site 15 Lower Edmonton 16 Montagu Road 17 17 Palmers Green 24 19 18 Pymmes Brook 18 19 Pymmes Park 21 20 Upper Edmonton 22 20 21 Kimberley Road 23 22 Green Lanes 23 Clayhill Farm 24 Broom eld House 25 Grovelands Park and Southgate

Figure 44: Ancient Monuments

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Green space

2.3.12 Historic parks and landscapes are a distinctive conservation areas have extensive green spaces feature of the Borough with the Lee Valley or important incidental spaces, often formed as Regional Park, farmland and parks of former part of planned estates. Important landscapes estates creating an attractive green landscape also exist at Myddelton House, Capel Manor and buffer to the east and north west. The urban/ West Lodge Arboretum. rural interface is a defining feature of Enfield’s unique character and access to green space 2.3.13 Maintenance of many green spaces remains provides an important and popular resource for the responsibility of the Council including parks, many communities including at Cheyne Walk, street trees, sports pitches and waterways as well Hilly Fields Park and Covert Way Fields. Green as the vulnerable smaller spaces such as verges Belt designation comprises around 40% of and street-side planting beds that accompanied the Borough and includes the former estates the development of many of the early C20th at Whitewebbs, Forty Hall and Trent Park and estates, public rights of way, signed walks and fragile ecological heritage at both Trent Park and cycle routes. The maintenance of parks remains a Forty Hall. Broomfield Park is an outstanding non-statutory function. example of a baroque garden with significant draft scope for further reinstatement. Many of the 22

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Figure 45: Greenspace designations

61 Registered parks and gardens Allotments

2.3.14 Details of registered parks and gardens can 2.3.19 Allotments contribute to the open character of be found on the Historic England page for the the Borough and setting of a number of historic National Heritage List for England. There are buildings and conservation areas. There are 39 currently 5 registered parks or gardens in the identified allotment sites across the Borough, of Borough: which 2 are privately owned.

•• Broomfield Cemeteries and burial grounds

•• Forty Hall 2.3.20 There are currently 14 cemeteries and burial grounds in Enfield which as well as fulfilling •• Grovelands a memorial and community function provide •• Myddelton House important open space. Seven of these are privately owned. The Tottenham Park, Federation •• Trent Park of Synagogues and Western Synagogues Cemeteries at Montagu Road together form 2.3.15 There are conservation management plans the Montagu Road Cemeteries Conservation for two of these estates: Forty Hall and Area. St Andrew’sdraft churchyard, Edmonton, Grovelands. There are management plans for Hertford Road, Lavender Hill and Old Southgate Oakwood, Trent, Pymmes, Jubilee, Arnos and cemeteries and Enfield crematorium are all Town Parks. included in the Local Heritage List.

2.3.16 Another 26 landscapes are considered to be 2.3.21 Council-maintained cemeteries are at: of particular local heritage significance and are •• Edmonton Cemetery included in the Local List. •• Lavender Hill Cemetery Woodland and trees •• Strayfield Road 2.3.17 Woodland significant for nature conservation is •• Hertford Road Cemetery managed by the Parks Department and exists at: •• Southgate Cemetery (Waterfall Rd) •• Whitewebbs Adoption •• Trent Park Privately-owned cemeteries are at: •• Fir Wood •• Enfield rematoriumC •• Pond Wood •• Five Acres Wood

2.3.18 There are also many street trees which contribute to the Borough’s green character, as well as a large number of mature trees on private land. Across the Borough, 400 Tree Preservation Orders are currently in place, comprising 3,000 individual trees, 300 tree groups, 64 areas and 20 woodlands.

Figure 46: Tulips growing at Hertford Road Cemetery

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•• Tottenham Park Cemetery C18th Lea Navigation and the C17th New River; all central to the development of London and •• Federation Cemetery, Montagu Road Enfield. This is reflected in statutory listings •• Western Cemetery, Montagu Road including sluice gates and bridges over the New River as well as conservation area designations •• Bulls Cross Cemetery at Enfield Lock and Enfield Town. The waterway •• Trent Park Cemetery corridor includes smaller heritage features, such as mileposts, horse rope marks on bridges and •• Adath Yisroel Cemetery’ iconic wooden lock gates. The management of the Borough’s waterways is the responsibility There are churchyards at: of a number of agencies including the Council, the Environment Agency, Thames Water and •• All Saints the Canal & River Trust. A network of cycle and footpaths and heritage walks recognises and •• St. Andrew’s makes positive use of this natural and man- •• St. James’ made resource, including the Greenway and London Loop. There is a number of ornamental •• Christchurch Waterfall Road draftlakes such as Trent Park Lake, Grovelands Park •• Cockfosters Chalk Lane Lake, Boxers Lake and Carrs Basin (Town Park). Significant waterways are at: Waterways

2.3.22 Enfield has an unusual number of very significant •• River Lee historic waterways including the River Lee, the •• New River •• Lea Navigation •• Enfield ockL •• Pymmes Brook •• Salmons Brook, Adoption •• Turkey Brook •• King George V reservoir •• William Girling reservoir •• Banbury reservoir •• New River Loop

Figure 47: East Enfield Lock Figure 48: Sheds at Meridian Water

63 Neighbourhood Planning Enfield Made 2: Collections and archives

2.3.23 There are currently two neighbourhood forums in Museum Service Enfield: 2.3.26 Enfield Museum Service at Dugdale House unites and celebrates the history and diversity of Enfield’s •• Hadley Wood people and places. Its mission is to bring together •• REACT (for Upper Edmonton) and celebrate the people and places of Enfield. It does this by collecting and caring for things from the past and present so that people can enjoy, 2.3.24 The Hadley Wood Neighbourhood Area has been learn from and share in each other’s lives. The confirmed. Neighbourhood Planning can set a service is accredited by the Arts Council, England. marker of what makes a particular place distinct and both areas include historic buildings. Hadley 2.3.27 There is a varied and changing programme of Wood Neighbourhood Area also includes historic exhibitions at the Museum of Enfield at the Dugdale landscape. The Council is working with the Centre that has recently included The Enfield Hadley Wood Neighbourhood Forum to support Society: 80 years of Action, Made and Played in production of a Neighbourhood Plan that will set Enfield and Enfield Making History, Women at out a vision and policies for the designated area. Work: Then anddraft Now. There is also a permanent exhibition of Enfield Life at the Museum. A Community groups recent initiative means that exhibitions are now 2.3.25 There are many local groups across the Borough supported by events and talks. The Museum concerned with its historic buildings and collects material from Enfield in six main areas: landscapes. The Enfield Society and FERRA are social history; a sound archive of oral history; fine Borough-wide and there are individual study and applied art; natural sciences; industrial history, groups for most of the conservation areas, and archaeology. There are approximately 17,000 several with their own programme of meetings objects in the main collection. and activities. Formal representation for planning functions is through the Council’s Conservation 2.3.28 Following the relocation of the Museum, a Advisory Group. Archaeology is supported by the permanent exhibition at Forty Hall offers a range Enfield Archaeological Society and the London of visual and audio interpretation and displays. and Middlesex Archaeological Societies, who The acquisition of 50 objects has been possible undertake both research and fieldwork.Adoption Friends through the museums’ rationalisation scheme, and volunteer groups play an important role in the allowing museums to pass artefacts to other management of Council parks and open spaces. collections. The Council provides a regular newsletter for Community and Voluntary Sector groups. Many of these groups are concerned with issues affecting the local environment.

Figure 49: Forty Hall educational activity Figure 50: Dugdale Museum fixed exhibition

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Non-Council museums Local Studies

2.3.29 The Borough also houses the Whitewebbs 2.3.32 The Local Studies Library & Archive exists to Museum of Transport and the exhibition space identify, acquire, and preserve archival materials at the former Royal Small Arms factory. There that document the history of the London Borough are plans for a new museum at Trent Park. The of Enfield, and to make such records available nationally significant former Middlesex University for the benefit of all its partners, residents and Museum of Domestic Design and Architecture visitors. Both Museums and Local History play an (MODA) with the associated Silver Studio important role in social integration and can reduce collection of wallpapers has relocated out of the a sense of isolation. Borough and there is scope to strengthen the museum offer. 2.3.33 The Local Studies and Archive collection unites the records of the former boroughs of Enfield, 2.3.30 There is currently no permanent public art gallery Edmonton and Southgate and is used for a wide in the Borough. range of activities. Resources include documents that are frequently used by local groups, to Community exhibitions inform planning applications or for research into family history. In 2017 the service received 2.3.31 Local communities are increasingly playing an draft £79,500 from the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF) for important role in curating small-scale exhibitions its innovative Enfield at War project to increase that are often place-specific, recognising heritage understanding of the impact of the First and significance through new interpretation and Second World Wars in Enfield. In 2018 it received objects and making use of community spaces. Archive Service Accreditation for the first time. These include community-led projects at Ponders End, Upper and Lower Edmonton and Southgate. A number of Enfield’s libraries can provide exhibition space for small-scale, changing exhibitions of local interest. Adoption

Figure 51: Terrific Toys: Made and Played in Enfield Figure 52: Millfield theatre

65 Enfield Made 3: Practices

2.3.34 Across Enfield, the Borough’s heritage has been 2.3.37 Different communities have moved into and defined by cultural practices associated with its established in Enfield and which are increasingly distinct landscape, buildings and communities. recognised through the Council’s programme These practices vary across groups and of museum exhibitions, festivals and events. communities, but there are definable patterns Festivals & events are constantly changing that have shaped Enfield’s character. Some are and being added to. Some of the most well- linked to recognisable landmarks, but others, established festivals are: LGBT History Month, such as festivals or patterns of use may be Ghana in the Trent Park, Reggae On the Lawn, more intangible and less easy to map. There Palmers Green Festival, Bulgarian Folk and are practices associated with how people in Tradition Festival, The Mauritius Open Air Festival, Enfield have lived, worshipped, worked and spent The Spirit of Ukraine and Black History Month. their leisure time that have all contributed to the The programme at Forty Hall also highlights Borough’s identity. Enfield’s rural nature and the turning of the seasons with Wassailing at Forty Hall, Come 2.3.35 Industry and manufacturing have played a a Maying, The Lamb Festival, Lazy Sunday significant part in Enfield’s development, with the Afternoon in Hillydraft Fields, The City Harvest Festival systematic exploitation of water in the Lee Valley and Apple Day. over centuries transformed into consolidated industry on the east side of the Borough. The 2.3.38 Faith groups exist across the Borough meeting manufacturing industry provided employment for in purpose-built architectural spaces as well much of the local population and its associated as re-purposed buildings and more informal practices shaped the landscape. With shifts in spaces. Some, like All Saints or St Andrew’s production, they have largely disappeared and church are statutorily listed. The three Montagu there are stories of place that have gone with Road cemeteries are part of a single conservation them. The built legacy is largely one of limited area. More recent structures, like The Enfield significance architecturally and how to best Islamic Centre, provide a strong architectural and recognise this important heritage of the Borough community focus. presents a challenge. 2.3.39 There are other less tangible manifestations 2.3.36 Enfield has a strong tradition of Adoptionlocal theatre- of Enfield’s heritage. For example, the Fore going and a vibrant programme of daytime St coaching route from the City to Hertford cultural events, focussed around high profile established a pattern of settling and transience venues such as Forty Hall, Millfield Arts Centre which is still evident today as communities have and the Dugdale Centre as well as the many moved in, and on. Market gardening has now local halls and community centres. Enfield has largely moved from Crews Hill but the plethora 2 Council-run theatres at the Dugdale Centre of glass houses and garden centres maintain the and Millfield Theatre. There are also established practice of growing in this area. Many pubs and community theatres at the Chickenshed, Intimate halls across the Borough have been community and Facefront Theatres. A modest night-time venues for several generations. And different economy exists for film, dance, music and the cultural groups have established communities visual arts. across the Borough, often reflected in clusters of shops and services. These aspects of the Borough’s heritage may be hard to measure but have shaped its unique identity. The challenge going forward, is how to recognise and celebrate them.

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Figure 53: Gardening at Forty Hall farm

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Figure 54: Enfield Town market

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69 3.1 National context

3.1.1 Heritage policy is divided across government significance of heritage assets, and putting them departments and funding bodies. National heritage to viable uses consistent with their conservation; policy is led by the Department for Culture, Digital, Media and Sport (DCMS) and the Ministry of b) the wider social, cultural, economic and Housing, Communities and Local Government environmental benefits that conservation of the (MHCLG, formerly the DCLG.) Planning policy historic environment can bring; and legislation are dealt with by the MHCLG and other heritage matters by the DCMS. Monuments c) the desirability of new development making are protected by The Ancient Monuments and a positive contribution to local character and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. The Planning distinctiveness; and (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (as amended) is the primary legislation for d) opportunities to draw on the contribution buildings and areas of special architectural or made by the historic environment to the character historic interest. of a place.’

In 2012 the government published the National 3.1.2 The government issued a Heritage Statement Planning Policy Framework, seeking to make at the end of 2017 (DCMS). This placed planning more simple and accessible and to partnerships atdraft the centre of heritage functions, promote sustainable development. This was both across the heritage sector and with local followed in 2014 by Planning Practice Guidance communities. and its section on Conserving and Enhancing the Historic Environment. A revised NPPF was 3.1.3 Consultation on a draft London Plan is underway published in Feburary 2019. The NPPF states in 2018. The current London Plan Policy 7.8 at para 185 that planning should contribute to requires boroughs to have policies through their conserving and enhancing the built and historic local development frameworks that ‘seek to environment as part of contributing to an maintain and enhance the contribution of built, overarching environment objective for achieving landscaped and buried heritage to London’s sustainable development: environmental quality, cultural identity and economy as part of managing London’s ability ‘Plans should set out a positive strategy for to accommodate change and regeneration’ as the conservation and enjoyment of the historic well as ‘identifying, protecting, enhancing and environment, including heritageAdoption assets most at improving access to the historic environment risk through neglect, decay or other threats. This and heritage assets and their settings where strategy should take into account: appropriate, and to archaeological assets, memorials and historic and natural landscape a) the desirability of sustaining and enhancing the character within their area.’ Relevant draft New London Plan policies for Heritage and Culture are included at HC1-7.

3.1.4 The Mayor’s Supplementary Planning Guidance

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3.2 Enfield context

(SPGs) on Housing, Town Centres, and Character 3.2.1 The Enfield Corporate Plan 2018-2022: Creating and Context are also relevant. a Lifetime of Opportunities in Enfield sets out the key Council priorities for The People and the 3.1.5 Historic England publishes extensive guidance Place: relating to the historic environment and aspects of its protection including Historic England •• Good homes in well-connected neighbourhoods Advice Notes and Good Practice Advice. They •• Empower people to create a thriving place and the national amenity societies are statutory consultees on specified categories of planning •• Healthier, happier lives in a cleaner, greener applications affecting conservation areas and Enfield listed buildings. They have a funding capacity directed at heritage assets at risk and historic Guiding principles are that the Council will: high streets. •• Communicate with you 3.1.6 The DCMS is the lead body for museums policy with responsibility for directly funding key national •• Work with you museums. Funding and policy direction for local •• Work smartly for you museum and cultural services is largely directed draft through the Arts Council England (ACE), and its Museum Development Programme and the 3.2.2 These are supported by a number of core National Lottery Heritage Fund (NLHF.) The strategy documents. comprehensive Mendoza Review: an independent review of museums in England in 2017 made 3.2.3 The Heritage Strategy sits alongside these recommendations that reflect a number of documents. Making Enfield sets out challenges to the museum sector including an how heritage will contribute to these core increased focus upon growing audiences and commitments to grow Enfield into a thriving, sharing resources between cultural providers. healthy place, making heritage work in managing This will be followed in 2018 by a national the transition, keeping what’s cherished and Museums Action Plan. Key points of the enjoying what’s conserved. Mendoza Review include: Good homes in well-connected •• adapting to today’sAdoption funding environment neighbourhoods •• growing and diversifying audiences 3.2.4 The role of heritage in creating a sense of place has been demonstrated by research •• dynamic collection curation and management commissioned by Historic England for Heritage •• contributing to place-making and local priorities Counts. As the Borough grows, historic buildings and landscapes will anchor growing •• delivering cultural education communities in the cherished local scene, setting •• working in museums: Developing leaders with the standard for high quality design across the appropriate skills & Diversifying the workforce Borough. New infrastructure has shaped Enfield in the past with internationally renowned tube •• digital capacity and innovation stations demonstrating how Enfield can unite •• working international connectivity with innovative design to great effect. Making Enfield provides a framework for high quality new development to build on the best of the past.

71 Building our local economy to create a Leisure and Culture Strategy thriving place 3.2.8 Active and Creative is the Enfield Leisure and 3.2.5 The Heritage Strategy prioritises resources and Culture Strategy 2015-20. The vision for the identifies sources of funding. It informs planning Strategy is that: policy and development management. It contributes to maintaining and enhancing the ‘We want to continue to improve the lives of our historic parts of the Borough, which add to the community through leisure, sports, arts, heritage Borough’s attractiveness and help encourage and culture. By 2020 every resident will have the external funding. This strengthens the local opportunity to participate and experience leisure economy. Heritage will anchor new development and culture activities in their local community. in the familiar and cherished local environment We want to Engage our residents, Inspire greater and contribute to a strong and sustainable sense of participation, and Grow involvement.’ place 3.2.9 Heritage and culture are intertwined. Active and Sustained, strong and healthy communities Creative sets out the importance of Enfield’s cultural offer and associated aspirations that 3.2.6 Heritage affects all of Enfield’s communities. Making Enfield complements. The Heritage Strategy will frame heritage policy, draft resource management and development Active and Creative: Enfield Leisure and management to guide change and ensure that Culture Strategy 2015-20 : the Borough remains and becomes an attractive place for everyone to live, work, learn and play. 3.2.10 ENGAGE aims are to:

3.2.7 Making Enfield is a collaborative document •• raise awareness of leisure and culture activities that has been produced with community group and its benefits representatives from across the Borough. The •• work in partnership with non-traditional leisure preservation and enhancement of the cherished and culture groups/organisations to involve them local scene and heritage in its many forms helps in the planning, promotion and delivery of events increase communities’ sense of belonging, civic and activities pride and self-confidence while demonstrating the Council’s commitment and support for •• promote community cohesion by integrating them and their local areas. Together,Adoption these help communities through our local festivals, activities deliver stable, safe and sustainable places and and events communities. In a variety of ways, Museums and Local Studies and Archives play an important 3.2.11 INSPIRE aims are to: role in social integration. They can help to reduce a sense of isolation, so supporting the mental •• encourage our young people to engage, health and well-being agenda. Free, guided participate and succeed in leisure, sport, arts and walks through the Borough’s parks and green culture spaces can do the same. •• energise and motivate our residents to become more active promoting lifelong participation and improving health •• promote Non-Clinical Pathways into Universal Services for mental and physical well-being through leisure and culture activities

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3.2.12 GROW objectives are to: of heritage assets will be required to include a thorough site analysis and character appraisal •• improve access to leisure and culture which explicitly demonstrates how the proposal opportunities across Enfield will respect and enhance the asset; •• build the capacity of leisure, sport, the arts and •• identifying opportunities for the repair and culture sector to extend the local activity offer restoration of heritage assets and working with supporting long term sustainability owners of heritage assets on English Heritage’s [now Historic England] Heritage at Risk Register •• develop Enfield as a geographical, social and to find viable solutions to secure the asset’s long- economic hub of activities for arts, cultural, term future. Where necessary, the Council will heritage and sporting events make full use of its legislative powers to ensure their preservation; Local Plan •• ensuring developments in areas of archaeological 3.2.13 Enfield is currently reviewing its Local Plan. importance take into account the potential for Current local plan documents for Enfield include new finds by requiring consultation with English the Core Strategy (2010) and the Development Heritage [now Historic England] and on-site Management Document (2014). Core Strategy draftinvestigations, including the appropriate recording Policy 31 and Development Plan policy DM44 and dissemination of archaeological evidence; are the most directly relevant to heritage planning •• supporting appropriate initiatives which increase and the statutory functions of the Council in access to historic assets, provide learning ensuring that it will preserve and enhance opportunities and maximise their potential as designated heritage. The policies also reflect the heritage attractions, particularly at Forty Hall and Council’s approach to heritage that is not formally the Area of Special Character in the north west of designated. the Borough; and Enfield Core Strategy (2010) •• finding new aysw to record and recognise Enfield’s intangible heritage resources and, where 3.2.14 Core Policy 31 is concerned with Built and possible, open up wider public access to them. Landscape Heritage. It says: 3.2.15 The Council will implementAdoption national and regional 3.2.16 The Development Management Document policies and work with partners (including land (2014) policy DM44 Conserving and Enhancing owners, agencies, public organisations and the Historic Assets is read in conjunction with this: community) to pro-actively preserve and enhance all of the Borough’s heritage assets. Actions will 1 applications for development which fail to conserve include: and enhance the special interest, significance or setting of a heritage asset will be refused. •• reviewing heritage designations and their boundaries where appropriate, and continuing 2 the design, materials and detailing of to maintain non-statutory, local lists and development affecting heritage assets or their designations based on formally adopted criteria; setting should conserve the asset in a manner appropriate to its significance. •• ensuring that built development and interventions in the public realm that impact on heritage 3 all applications affecting heritage assets or their assets have regard to their special character and are based on an understanding of their context. Proposals within or affecting the setting

73 setting should include a Heritage Statement. 3.2.19 The vision for the Parks and Open Spaces The applicant will also be required to record Strategy is that by 2020 Enfield will be successful and disseminate detailed information about in: the asset gained from desk-based and on-site investigations. Information should be provided to A making open spaces in Enfield places for the Local Planning Authority, Historic Environment everyone; Record and English Heritage [now Historic England]. In some circumstances, a Written B delivering high quality open spaces in partnership; Scheme of Investigation will be required. C Creating sustainable open spaces for the future; Supplementary Planning Document D protecting and managing the exceptional quality 3.2.17 There are emerging or approved Frameworks or and diversity of Enfield’s open spaces. Masterplans for:

3.2.20 Overarching aims are set out in the Strategy as •• EnfieldTown Masterplan Framework Feb-18 Visions. Of particular relevance are Vision D and •• New Southgate SPD Dec-10 Objective QD4 which both concern Protecting Heritage. Makingdraft Enfield supports these vision •• Meridian Water Masterplan (1) Jul-13 and objectives.

Area Action Plans are also in place for: 3.2.21 The Strategy recognises the importance of open spaces as local community assets and states •• North Circular Road Oct-14 that: •• North East Enfield Jun-16 ‘Open spaces can be of historic value and •• Edmonton Leeside (currently under examination provide opportunities for people to engage with at time of publication of this SPD) and interpret the historic environment which can provide a sense of community identity.’ Other supplementary planning guidance and 3.2.22 Vision D: documents include: Adoption‘Enfield has a fine heritage. The key aim is to •• Draft Ritz Parade planning brief protect and enhance this historic legacy for future •• Section 106 supplementary planning document generations. The Strategy will work towards delivering the aims relevant to open spaces as •• Decentralised Energy Networks identified in the Heritage Strategy.’ •• Ponders End Central area planning brief 3.2.23 The Vision statements are in turn supported by •• Edmonton EcoPark planning brief objectives. Objective QD4 is to:

The Enfield Parks and Open Spaces Strategy ‘protect and enrich the heritage and character of 2010-20 our parks and open spaces’.

3.2.18 Many of the Borough’s parks and much of its 3.2.24 The Enfield Infrastructure Asset Management open space are recognised as being of heritage Plan 2015-2020 was approved in 2015. It set value and approximately 40% of the Borough out how the Council will ensure compliance with is covered by the Green Belt. The parks, its statutory duties, enable the delivery of its landscapes and open spaces include designated corporate priorities, support effective highway and undesignated heritage assets, including services and improve road transport. many conservation areas.

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Laloc Heritage Review

In 2015 Enfield started a Review of its Local List. The List contains buildings, archaeological sites, landmarks and designed landscapes that have been identified as having local heritage interest, are important to the community and are a positive Adoption benefit to Enfield. A survey of every street in the Borough was undertaken and a list was created with the help of over 30 volunteers alongside Enfield Council, The Enfield Society, environment specialists Urban Vision CIC, Enfield Conservation Advisory Group, Enfield Local History and Historic England.

The new list was approved in September 2017. It includes some unexpected gems as well as buildings of architectural quality; the rare, red post boxes featuring the royal cipher of Edward VIII, who abdicated within a year of coming to the throne; Enfield’s cast iron directional finger posts; Oakwood Park’s ice well; and the Cockfosters water tower erected in 1968.

Figure 55: Locally listed water tower associated with the Royal Small Arms factory on Smeaton Road

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77 Planning and Compulsory Planning (Listed Buildings Purchase Act 2004 and Conservation Areas) (as amended) The Town and Country Act 1990 Planning (Local Development) (England) Regulations 2012

National Planning Policy National Planning Framework (NPPF) Practice Guidance) (2018)

Histioric Environment Advice Notes

London Plan

En eld Core Strategy (2010)

Development En eld Town Heritage Strategy SPD Householder Design Management Document Area Action Plans Masterplan SPD Guide SPD (DMD) 2014)

Conservation Area Character Appraisals

Conservation Area Management Proposals

Local Heritage List

Shopfront Design Guidance

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81 4 References

The Town and Country Planning (Local Planning) (England) Regulations 2012

Planning Practice Guidance: Conserving and enhancing the historic environment, MHCLG (2018)

Revised National Planning Policy Framework MHCLG (2018)

Heritage Statement, Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport (2017)

Mendoza Review an independent review of museums in England Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport (2017)

Enfield Town Masterplan, Allies and Morrison Urban Practitioners (2017)

Enfield’s Development Management Document (2014) draft

Enfield’s Core Strategy (2010)

Enfield Characterisation Study Urban Practitioners (2011)

Enfield Characterisation Study, Paul Drury Partnership (2008)

Enfield Corporate Plan 2018-22 (2018)

Active and Creative: Enfield Leisure and Culture Strategy 2015-20 (2015)

Enfield Infrastructure Asset Management Plan 2015-20 (2015) The Enfield Parks and OpenAdoption Spaces Strategy 2010-20 (2010)

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Charlie’s Stall

We meet by chance at Charlie’s Stall ‘Knock Down Ginger’ and ‘Tibby Cat’

Old wise heads, come one, come all The string that knocked off the copper’s hat In a way it’s like a club The social gathering at Charlie’s stall With ‘dear old Charlie’ at the hub A pleasure to those who can recall

With tales to tell and times recall The times and memories to share With friends when young we went to school Will always find a welcome there To reminisce on days of yore A cheerydraft smaile, a pleasure to greet Remembering those who are no more A nicer man you’ve yet to meet

We often say how times have changed Who’ll remember when we are no more?

And how the High Street’s rearranged And join all those who’ve gone before

We talk of businesses just started When there’s nobody left to carry on

And of tradesmen long departed Then all our memories will be gone. Adoption The discussions amongst the fruit and veg Poem reprovided with permission from Memories from the past dredge lifelong resident, Keith Mowatt Of stone white steps and beating mats

Long before they built the flats

The corner shop with penny drinks

Peanut butter and bags of ‘pinks’

No thought of crime when we were young

The street wise games were so much fun

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Adoption