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BIODIVERSITY OF TREE PLANTS OF

WILDLIFE SANCTUARY,

SANTOSH N. PATOLE & VIJAY B. BHAGAT SHRI SHIVAJI ARTS, COMMERCE & SCIENCE COLLEGE,

AKOT, DIST- (M.S.) . Universal Impact Corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected]

Factor0.9285:2012; 1.2210:2013 ABSTRACT: Index Copernicus Narnala is an ancient in the hills in the north of Akottaluka at a point ICV 2011: 5.09 ICV 2012: 6.42 where a narrow tongue of runs a few miles in to the . ICV 2013: 15.8 This area is Southern part of Melghat Tiger Reserve. The area is well known

NAAS Rating for its richness of flora and fauna. The Sanctuary area has special historical, 2012 : 1.3; biological, mythological, archaeological, scenic and recreational values and is 2013-2014:2.69 a point of attraction for the tourists and the people of Maharashtra. The plants Received on: are studied from Narnala Fort and the vicinity of the Fort. This area is rich in 25th February 2015 plant diversity. The sanctuary consists of a wide range of vegetation growing Revised on: at different locations. A survey of the Narnala Wildlife Sanctuary was carried 23th April 2015 out during 2011- 2013.The present investigation deals with the taxonomic Accepted on: enumeration of tree plants recorded from Narnala sanctuary of Maharashtra. 25th April 2015 Altogether 59 species belonging to 29 families are reported form this region in Published on: the present study. 1st May 2015

Volume No. KEY WORDS: Biodiversity, Tree plants, Wildlife sanctuary. Online & Print 63(2015)

INTRODUCTION: Page No. 182 to 187 Tropical forests are regarded as one of the most species diversity rich

terrestrial ecosystems. They are distinguished from all other terrestrial Life Sciences Leaflets is an international ecosystems by a very high diversity in many levels (species, life forms, etc). open access print & e However, most of these forests are under immense anthropogenic disturbances journal, peer reviewed, and require careful management intervention to maintain overall biodiversity worldwide abstract listed, published every and sustainability (Kumar et al, 2006). Information with reference to species month with ISSN, RNI diversity and distribution pattern may help in evaluating the ecological Free- membership, significance of the study area. Trees occupy the important place in the downloads and access. vegetation. Trees have always been associated with wisdom and immorality in

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India. Trees are important component of the natural forests because of their prevention of erosion and the provision of a weather-sheltered ecosystem in and under their foliage. They also play an important role in producing oxygen and reducing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, as well as moderating ground temperatures. Timber from trees is a building material, as well as a primary energy source in many developing countries. Trees are also play a role in many of the world's mythologies. Narnala Sanctuary is situated in Akot Tahsil of Akola district of the Maharashtra state. The total area of the Sanctuary is 12.00 sq.km. The study area is lies between 230 28 N latitude and 73018 E longitude. The area is traversed by river, which passes through mid part of whole taluka. Geologically, area is on the Satpuda mountatin ranges.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The tree species were studied from the Sanctuary and from the vicinity of the Sanctuary. Numbers of the field trips were arranged in accordance with the different seasons throughout the whole year. The collected plants were brought to the laboratory, identified. The plant specimens were dried up with customary method and were mounted on herbarium sheets and labeled. The specimens were deposited in the Department of Botany, Shri Shivaji Arts, Commerce & Science College, Akot. In the enumeration, the collected plants were arranged family wise. The botanical name, family, local name were given in Table-1.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: During present study recorded total 69 tree species and 29 families were collected and thoroughly observed (Table-1). Table-2 shows the dominating top five families with highest number of species.

Table-1: Enumeration of tree species of Narnala Sanctuary.

SR. NO. BOTANICAL NAME FAMILY LOCAL NAME

1 Annona squamosa L. Annonaceae Sitaphal

2 Miliusa tomentosa (Roxb.) Sinclair. Annonaceae Umph

3 Kydia calycina Roxb. Malvaceae Homba

4 Casearia graveolens Dalz. Flacourtiaceae Bakhada

5 Flacourtia indica Comm. Flacourtiaceae Lodra

6 Bombax ceiba L. Bombacaceae Semal

7 Eriolaena hookerina Wight & Arn. Sterculiaceae Bother http://lifesciencesleaflets.ning.com/ PEER-REVIEWED Page | 183

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8 Sterculia urenus Roxb. Sterculiaceae Kadao

9 Grewia tiliefolia Vahl Tiliaceae Dhamn

10 Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. Rutaceae Bel

11 Chloroxylon swietenia DC. Rutaceae East Indian

Satinwood

12 Ailanthes excelsa Roxb. Simaroubaceae Maharukh

13 Boswellia serrata Roxb. Burseraceae Salai

14 Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Meliaceae Kadu nimb

15 Soymida febrifuga (Roxb.) A.Juss. Meliaceae Rohan

16 Cassine glauca (Rottb.) O.Ktze Celastraceae Bhutikes1098

12 Maytenus emarginata (Willd.) D.Hou. Celastraceae Danti

13 Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken Sapindaceae Kusum

14 Buchnania lanzen Spreng. Anacardiaceae Charoli

15 Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merrill. Anacardiaceae Moin

16 Mangifera indica L. Anacardiaceae Amba

17 Semecarpus anacardium L.f. Anacardiaceae Bibba

18 Cassia fistula L. Fabaceae Amaltas

19 Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Fabaceae Palas

20 Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. Fabaceae Sisam

21 Hardwickea binnata Roxb. Fabaceae Anjan

22 Bauhinia racemosa Lamk. Caesalpiniaceae Kanchanar

23 Bauhinia variegata L. Caesalpiniaceae Apta

24 Tamarindus indica L. Caesalpiniaceae Chinch, Imli

25 Acacia chundra (Roxb. Ex. Rottl.) Willd. Mimosaceae Khair

26 Acacia leucopholoea (Roxb.) Willd. Mimosaceae Hiwar

27 Acacia nilotica (L.) Del. Mimosaceae Babul

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28 Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) W. & A. Mimosaceae kateri

29 Pithecoelobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Mimosaceae Vilayati Chinch

30 Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce. Mimosaceae Saundad

31 Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb.) Wall. Combretaceae Dhavada

32 Terminalia alata Hyene ex Roth. Combretaceae Ain

33 Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) W. & A. Combretaceae Arjunsadada0976 –

34 Terminalia bellerica (Gaertn.) Roxb. Combretaceae Bihada

35 Terminalia chebula Retz. Combretaceae Hirda

36 Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels. Myrtaceae Jambul

37 Adina cordifolia (Roxb.) Bth. & HK.f. Rubiaceae Haldu

38 Ixora arborea Roxb. Rubiaceae Lokhandi

39 Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb.) Korth. Rubiaceae Kadamb

40 Morinda tomentosa Heyne. ex Roth. Rubiaceae Aal

41 Xeromphis spinosa (Thunb.) Keay. Rubiaceae Mindhal

42 Madhuca longifolia (J.Konig) J.F.Macbr. Sapotaceae Mohphul

43 Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dab. Sapotaceae Dudhi

44 Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. Ebenaceae Temburni

45 Nyctanthes arbortristis L. Oleaceae Parijatak

46 Wrightia tomentosa R. & S. Apocynaceae Dudhi

47 Cordia dichotoma Forst. F. Prodr. Boraginaceae Bhokar

48 Gmelina arborea Roxb. Verbenaceae GambhariSN09761098

49 Tectona grandis L. Verbenaceae Sag

50 Vitex negundo L. Verbenaceae Nirgudi

51 Santalum album L. Santalaceae Chandan

52 Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell.Arg. Euphorbiaceae Kumkum tree

53 Phyllanthus emblica L. Euphorbiaceae Aonla

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54 Holoptelia integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. Ulmaceae Palaspapadi

55 Trema orientalis (L.) Blume Ulmaceae Indian Charcoal tree

56 Ficus bengalensis L. Moraceae Vad

57 Ficus racemosa L. Moraceae Umbar

58 Ficus religiosa L. Moraceae Pimpal

59 Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Roxb. Arecaceae Tad

From the above observation, it can be concluded that Mimosaceae is the dominant andleading family, species wise as well as genera (06) wise,followed byCombretaceae(05), Rubiaceae(05)Anacardiaceae (04), and Fabaceae (04) in Narnala Sanctuary. Out of 27 families, total 11 families are monogeneric and monospecific. Table 2.

Family name Number of species Mimosaceae 06

Combretaceae 05

Rubuaceae 05

Anacardiaceae 04

Fabaceae 04

During the present study, different areas of Narnala Sanctuary were visited thoroughly and frequently to record different wildly growing trees and cultivated. The deciduous teak forest is found in the forest areas of reserves. This region consists of mixed type of plant species with dominant teak forest is also found in Narnala range. Some of the important trees in the forest area observed during the survey are Acacia nilotica (L.) Del., Bombax ceiba L., Flacourtia indica Comm,., Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.), Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce. , Annona squamosa L., Ficus bengalensis L, Madhuca longifolia J.F., Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb.) Korth, Boswellia serrata Roxb, Maytenus emarginata (Willd.) D.Hou, Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb, Tectona grandis L., Santalum album, Sterculia urens Roxb., Wrightia tomentosa R. & S. , Gmelina arborea Roxb. etc.

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