DOCSLIB.ORG

Final MIS Report-From Print-30 April 2015

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Final MIS Report-From Print-30 April 2015 Y i ii THIS PROJECT WAS SUPPORTED BY THE DIRECTORATE OF MALARIA CONTROL AND SAVE THE CHILDREN, THROUGH GRANT FROM GLOBAL FUND TO FIGHT AGAINST AIDS, TB AND MALARIA Title: Malaria Indicator Survey in 38 High Risk Districts of Pakistan- 2013-14 Institution: Pakistan Medical Research Council Year of Publication: 2014 iii Title: Malaria Indicator Survey in 38 High Risk Districts of Pakistan- 2013-14 Institution: Pakistan Medical Research Council Year of Publication: 2014 iv v AUTHORS Dr. Muhammad Arif Munir Pakistan Medical Research Council Dr. Huma Qureshi Pakistan Medical Research Council Dr. Nauman Safdar Social and Health Inequalities Network DATA ANALYSIS Syed Ejaz Alam Pakistan Medical Research Council TECHNICAL ADVISORS Dr. Qutbuddin Kakar World Health Organization Mr. Naeem Durrani Merlin, Pakistan Dr. Muhammad Imran Save the Children Dr. Abdul Majeed Jaffar Directorate of Malaria Control MAPPING HOTSPOTS Mrs. Farzana Naheed Social and Health Inequalities Network EDITORIAL ASSISTANCE MR. MUHAMMAD ARIF NADEEM SAQIB Pakistan Medical Research Council vi vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................. xviii FOREWORD ....................................................................................................................... xx ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................... xxii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................... xxiv 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 1 GEOGRAPHY, CLIMATE AND DEMOGRAPHY ................................................. 1 1.1.1. Geography ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2. Climate ......................................................................................................... 1 1.1.3. Demography ................................................................................................... 3 HEALTH CARE IN PAKISTAN ........................................................................... 4 1.2.1. Health Profile ................................................................................................. 4 1.2.2. Health Systems ............................................................................................... 5 MALARIA IN PAKISTAN ................................................................................... 7 1.3.1. Overview ........................................................................................................ 7 1.3.2. Malaria Vectors .............................................................................................. 7 1.3.3. Malaria Burden .............................................................................................. 8 1.3.4. Malaria Control Pakistan- Global Fund Support .......................................... 10 MALARIA CONTROL OBJECTIVES AND INDICATORS FOR GF SUPPORTED DISTRICTS ..................................................................................................... 11 1.4.1. Objectives..................................................................................................... 11 1.4.2. Indicators (GF Round 7 & 10) ....................................................................... 11 2. PAKISTAN MALARIA INDICATOR SURVEY .................................................... 15 2.1. RATIONALE OF MALARIA INDICATOR SURVEY............................................. 15 2.2. SURVEY OBJECTIVES ..................................................................................... 15 2.3. ETHICAL APPROVAL AND CONSENT ............................................................. 16 2.4. SURVEY METHODOLOGY ............................................................................. 17 2.4.1. Study Design and Approach ......................................................................... 17 2.4.2. Data Collection ............................................................................................. 18 2.4.3. Data Management and Analysis .................................................................. 23 3. HOUSEHOLD POPULATION AND CHARACTERISTICS .................................... 25 3.1. HOUSEHOLDS ACCESSED AND RESPONSE ................................................... 25 3.2. HOUSEHOLD POPULATION BY SIZE, AGE AND GENDER .............................. 27 3.3. AGE PYRAMID OF THE POPULATION ........................................................... 29 3.4. PREGNANT WOMEN BY AGE ........................................................................ 30 3.5. HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................ 31 3.6. HOUSEHOLD POSSESSIONS .......................................................................... 32 4. KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES ON MALARIA ........................... 33 4.1. HEARD ABOUT MALARIA AND SOURCE OF INFORMATION ........................ 33 4.2. KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CAUSE, SYMPTOMS AND LETHALITY OF MALARIA ... 35 4.3. ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES FOR MALARIA PREVENTION ............................. 37 4.3.1. Treatment Seeking Behaviour ..................................................................... 37 viii 4.3.2. Self Treatment of malaria ............................................................................ 38 5. COVERAGE OF MALARIA PRVENTION INTERVENTIONS .............................. 45 5.1. INDOOR RESIDUAL SPRAYING ...................................................................... 45 5.2. LONG LASTING INSECTICIDE TREATED NETS (LLINS) ................................... 46 5.2.1. Ownership, acquisition & source of long lasting insecticide treated nets .. 46 5.2.2. Coverage of LLINs in GF Covered and non Covered Union Councils. .......... 48 5.2.3. Usage of Mosquito Nets .............................................................................. 52 6. PARASITE PREVALENCE ................................................................................ 55 6.1. ELIGIBLE PERSONS TESTED FOR MALARIA ................................................... 55 6.2. PREVALENCE OF MALARIA PARASITES ......................................................... 56 6.3. SLIDE POSITIVITY RATE ................................................................................. 58 6.4. PREVALENCE OF FEVER AT THE TIME OF SURVEY ....................................... 59 6.5. FEVER CASES POSITIVE ON RDTs.................................................................. 60 6.6. FEVER CASES POSITIVE ON MICROSCOPY .................................................... 60 6.7. MORTALITY DUE TO MALARIA (VERBAL AUTOPSY) ..................................... 60 7. HOT SPOTS/HIGH RISK UCS .......................................................................... 63 8. HEALTH FACILITY SURVEY ............................................................................ 75 8.1. STAFF WORKING FOR MALARIA IN HEALTH FACILITIES (2012 & 2013) ...... 75 8.2. EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIES AT HEALTH FACILITIES OF 38 DISTRICTS ................. (2012 -13) ..................................................................................................... 77 8.3. IN-STOCK POSITION OF ANTI-MALARIAL DRUGS AND LLINS ....................... 79 8.4. STOCK-OUT POSITION OF ANTI-MALARIALS, RDTS AND LLINS IN PEAK SEASONS OF MALARIA (AUGUST to OCTOBER 2013) .................................. 82 8.5. MALARIA CASE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ................................................. 83 8.5.1. Treatment of clinical malaria ....................................................................... 84 8.5.2. Treatment and referral of uncomplicated and complicated malaria cases as per guidelines .......................................................................................... 86 8.5.3. Time elapse between smear taken and result received .............................. 89 8.5.4. Health facilities designated as LLINs distribution points ............................. 89 8.6. SKILL DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................... 89 8.7. MALARIA SITUATION IN HEALTH FACILITIES IN 38 DISTRICTS (2012-13) .... 92 8.8. SEASONAL VARIATION OF MALARIA BY PROVINCE (2012-13) .................... 95 9. IMPLICATIONS OF MIS RESULTS .................................................................. 97 10. APPENDIX-A: DISTRICT WISE DATA .............................................................. 99 10.1. HOUSEHOLD POPULATION AND CHARACTERISTICS .................................... 99 10.2. HOUSEHOLD POPULATION BY SIZE, AGE AND GENDER ............................ 101 10.3. PREGNANT WOMEN BY AGE ...................................................................... 105 10.4. KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES ON MALARIA ......................... 106 10.5. KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CAUSE, SYMPTOMS & LETHALITY OF MALARIA ...... 107 10.6. ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES FOR MALARIA PREVENTION ........................... 109 10.7. COVERAGE OF MALARIA PRVENTION INTERVENTIONS ............................ 117 10.7.1. Indoor Residual Spraying Coverage ........................................................... 117 10.8. LONG LASTING INSECTICIDE TREATED NETS CHARACTERISTICS & USAGE 118 10.8.1. Ownership, acquisition & source of LLINs ................................................. 118 ix 10.8.2. Source of LLINs received ...........................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • COHRED Paper Research to Action and Policy PAKISTAN Mary Hilderbrand, Jonathan Simon, and Adnan Hyder Pakistan Faces a Wide Arra
    COHRED paper Research to Action and Policy PAKISTAN Mary Hilderbrand, Jonathan Simon, and Adnan Hyder Pakistan faces a wide array of health challenges, including communicable diseases and nutritional deficiencies connected with poverty and low levels of development, as well as non- communicable conditions more commonly associated with affluent countries. The former are major contributors to the national disease burden. The extent to which they continue to threaten and diminish the well-being of Pakistan’s children is of particular concern. Conquering them will require a wide range of resources and actions, some well beyond the concerns of health policy. But how effectively health policy and programs address the challenges remains critical, and health research can potentially be an important contributor to effective, efficient, and equitable policies and programs. Since at least 1953, with the founding of the Pakistan Medical Research Council (PMRC), Pakistan has officially recognized the importance of research in solving the health problems of the country. There have been repeated calls for more support for health research and for such research to be utilized more fully in policy. The 1990 and 1998 National Health Policies both mentioned research utilization as important and pledged to strengthen it (Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Health, 1990 and 1998). A process of defining an essential national health research agenda occurred in the early nineties and recently has been rejuvenated (COHRED 1999). We conducted a study to understand better the role that research plays in child health policy and programs in Pakistan.1 In open-ended, in-depth interviews, we asked informants about their views on health research and policy generally in Pakistan and about their own experience in linking research with policy.
    [Show full text]
  • Updates of NRSP's Response to Floods 2011, As of November 13
    1 Update – As of 13th November, 2011 Introduction – Cause of the Disaster While the memories of devastating 2010 floods are still fresh, another deluge has hit the province of Sindh. Year 2011 monsoon rains started from 10th August caused havoc and created a flood like situation in southern districts of Sindh and the rains are continued increasing the miseries of people in the affected areas. District Badin, Mirpurkhas, Tando Allahyar, Tando Mohammad Khan, Tharparkar, Shaheed Benazirabad,Thatta and Umerkot are among the worst hit areas and millions of people are stranded in flooded villages. Due to the heavy and uninterrupted rains number of canals and surface drains have over topped due to excess water discharges. Various breaches in canals and drains connected with Left Bank Outfall Drain (LBOD) have left thousands of villages inundated. A large number of people, including women and children, have been displaced who have taken shelter on road side, canal embankments and other nearby government buildings. Some people have lost their lives, thousands have become homeless, cattle died, and standing crops have perished. Communication system in the affected areas has also been severely disturbed resulting in further miseries. Some of the mobile networks are not working or reception is very poor, similarly internet services are also often not available Proactive Role of NRSP – Rapid Assessment of the Disaster NRSP operates in almost all flood affected area of the District Badin, Mirpurkhas, Thatta, Shaheed Benazirabad, Tando Allahyar and Tando Mohammad Khan. NRSP has been able to conduct a rapid assessment of flood damages. To complete this assessment, the organisation has capitalised its network of Local Support Organizations, Community Organisations and activists to facilitate information collection providing a full and up to date overview of the scale of the disaster, and the location of those affected.
    [Show full text]
  • Missed Immunization Opportunities Among Children Under 5 Years of Age Dwelling in Karachi City Asif Khaliq Aga Khan University, [email protected]
    eCommons@AKU Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Division of Woman and Child Health October 2017 Missed immunization opportunities among children under 5 years of age dwelling In Karachi city Asif Khaliq Aga Khan University, [email protected] Sayeeda Amber Sayed Aga Khan University Syed Abdullah Hussaini Alberta Health Service Kiran Azam Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi Mehak Qamar Institute of Business Management, Karachi Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/ pakistan_fhs_mc_women_childhealth_paediatr Part of the Immunology and Infectious Disease Commons, and the Pediatrics Commons Recommended Citation Khaliq, A., Sayed, S., Hussaini, S., Azam, K., Qamar, M. (2017). Missed immunization opportunities among children under 5 years of age dwelling In Karachi city. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 29(4), 645-649. Available at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_women_childhealth_paediatr/388 J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2017;29(4) ORIGINAL ARTICLE MISSED IMMUNIZATION OPPORTUNITIES AMONG CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS OF AGE DWELLING IN KARACHI CITY Asif Khaliq, Sayeeda Amber Sayed*, Syed Abdullah Hussaini**, Kiran Azam***, Mehak Qamar*** Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, *Alberta Health Services, Calgary-Zone- Canada, **Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi, ***Department of Health and Hospital Management, Institute of Business Management, Karachi-Pakistan Background: Immunization is the safest and effective measure for preventing and eradicating various communicable diseases. A glaring immunization gap exists between developing and industrialized countries towards immunization, because the developing countries including Pakistan are still striving to provide basic immunization to their children. The purpose of this study was to access the prevalence and factors of missing immunization among under 5-year children of Karachi.
    [Show full text]
  • Adding It Up: Costs and Benefits of Meeting the Contraceptive and Maternal and Newborn Health Needs of Women in Pakistan
    Adding It Up: Costs and Benefits Of Meeting the Contraceptive and Maternal and Newborn Health Needs of Women in Pakistan Aparna Sundaram, Rubina Hussain, Zeba Sathar, Sabahat Hussain, Emma Pliskin and Eva Weissman Key Points ■■ Modern contraceptive services and maternal and newborn health care are essential for protecting the health of Pakistani women, their families and communities. ■■ Based on data from 2017, women in Pakistan have an estimated 3.8 million unintended pregnancies each year, most of which result from unmet need for modern contraception. ■■ About 52% of married women of reproductive age (15–49) who want to avoid a pregnancy are not using a modern contraceptive method. If all unmet need for modern contraception were met, there would be 3.1 million fewer unintended pregnancies annually, 2.1 million fewer induced abortions and nearly 1,000 fewer maternal deaths. ■■ Pakistan is currently spending US$81 million per year on contraceptive services. Serving the full unmet need for modern contraception would require an additional US$92 million per year, for a total of US$173 million, based on public-sector health care costs. ■■ At current levels of contraceptive use, providing maternal and newborn health care to all women who have unintended pregnancies, at the standards recommended by the World Health Organization, would cost an estimated US$298 million. ■■ If all women wanting to avoid a pregnancy used modern contraceptives and all pregnant women and their newborns received the recommended care, the country would save US$152 million, compared with a scenario in which only maternal and newborn health care were increased.
    [Show full text]
  • THE PAKISTAN EXPANDED PROGRAM on IMMUNIZATION and the NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION SUPPORT PROJECT: Public Disclosure Authorized an ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
    THE PAKISTAN EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION AND THE NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION SUPPORT PROJECT: Public Disclosure Authorized AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS DISCUSSION PAPER NOVEMBER 2016 Public Disclosure Authorized Minhaj ul Haque Muhammad Waheed Tayyeb Masud Wasim Shahid Malick Hammad Yunus Rahul Rekhi Robert Oelrichs Oleg Kucheryavenko Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized THE PAKISTAN EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION AND THE NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION SUPPORT PROJECT An Economic Analysis Minhaj ul Haque, Muhammad Waheed, Tayyeb Masud, Wasim Shahid Malick, Hammad Yunus, Rahul Rekhi, Robert Oelrichs, and Oleg Kucheryavenko November 2016 1 Health, Nutrition and Population (HNP) Discussion Paper This series is produced by the Health, Nutrition, and Population Global Practice. The papers in this series aim to provide a vehicle for publishing preliminary results on HNP topics to encourage discussion and debate. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author(s) and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. Citation and the use of material presented in this series should take into account this provisional character. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. For information regarding the HNP Discussion Paper Series, please contact the Editor, Martin Lutalo at [email protected] or Erika Yanick at [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Workshop Summary One Health Zoonotic Disease Prioritization & One Health Systems Mapping and Analysis Resource Toolkit™ for Multisectoral Engagement in Pakistan
    Workshop Summary One Health Zoonotic Disease Prioritization & One Health Systems Mapping and Analysis Resource Toolkit™ for Multisectoral Engagement in Pakistan Islamabad, Pakistan CS 293126-A ONE HEALTH ZOONOTIC DISEASE PRIORITIZATION & ONE HEALTH SYSTEMS MAPPING AND ANALYSIS RESOURCE TOOLKIT™ FOR MULTISECTORAL ENGAGEMENT Photo 1. Waterfall in Skardu. ii ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN AUGUST 22–25, 2017 ONE HEALTH ZOONOTIC DISEASE PRIORITIZATION & ONE HEALTH SYSTEMS MAPPING AND ANALYSIS RESOURCE TOOLKIT™ FOR MULTISECTORAL ENGAGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Participating Organizations .................................................................................................................. iv Summary ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Background .............................................................................................................................................. 5 Pakistan’s National One Health Platform .................................................................................................................5 One Health Zoonotic Disease Prioritization and One Health Systems Mapping and Analysis Resource Toolkit Workshop .................................................................................................................... 7 Workshop Methods ................................................................................................................................. 8 One Health Zoonotic
    [Show full text]
  • Building Back Stronger
    IOM One Room Shelters - 2011 Sindh Floods Response uc, manjhand odero lal village kamil hingoro jhando mari Punjab sekhat khirah Balochistan dasori San gha r ismail jo goth odero lal station khan khahi bilawal hingorjo Matiari roonjho khokhrapar matiari mirabad balouchabad tando soomro chhore bau khan pathan piyaro lund turk ali mari mirpurkhas-05 Sindh shaikh moosa daulatpur shadi pali tajpur pithoro shah mardan shah dhoro naro i m a khan samoon sabho kaplore jheluri Tando Allahpak singhar Yar mosu khatian ii iii iv missan tandojam dhingano bozdar hingorno khararo syed umerkot mirpur old haji sawan khan satriyoon Legend atta muhammad palli tando qaiser araro bhurgari began jarwar mir ghulam hussain Union Council bukera sharif tando hyder dengan sanjar chang mirwah Ume rkot District Boundary hoosri gharibabad samaro road dad khan jarwar girhore sharif seriHyd erabmoolan ad Houses Damaged & Destroyed tando fazal chambar-1 chambar-2 Mirpur Khas samaro kangoro khejrari - Flood 2011 mir imam bux talpur latifabad-20 haji hadi bux 1 - 500 kot ghulam muhammad bhurgari mir wali muhammad latifabad-22 shaikh bhirkio halepota faqir abdullah seri 501 - 1500 ghulam shah laghari padhrio unknown9 bustan manik laghari digri 1501 - 2500 khuda dad kunri 2501 - 3500 uc-iii town t.m. khan pabban tando saindad jawariasor saeedpur uc-i town t.m. khan malhan 3501 - 5000 tando ghulam alidumbalo shajro kantio uc-ii town t.m. khan phalkara kunri memon Number of ORS dilawar hussain mir khuda bux aahori sher khan chandio matli-1 thari soofan shah nabisar road saeed
    [Show full text]
  • Government of Sindh Finance Department
    2021-22 Finance Department Government of Sindh 1 SC12102(102) GOVERNOR'S SECRETARIAT/ HOUSE Rs Charged: ______________ Voted: 51,652,000 ______________ Total: 51,652,000 ______________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ GOVERNOR'S SECRETARIAT ____________________________________________________________________________________________ BUILDINGS ____________________________________________________________________________________________ P./ADP DDO Functional-Cum-Object Classification & Budget NO. NO. Particular Of Scheme Estimates 2021 - 2022 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Rs 01 GENERAL PUBLIC SERVICE 011 EXECUTIVE & LEGISLATIVE ORGANS, FINANCAL 0111 EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATIVE ORGANS 011103 PROVINCIAL EXECUTIVE KQ5003 SECRETARY (GOVERNOR'S SECRETARIAT/ HOUSE) ADP No : 0733 KQ21221562 Constt. of Multi-storeyed Flats Phase-II at Sindh Governor's 51,652,000 House, Karachi (48 Nos.) including MT-s A12470 Others 51,652,000 _____________________________________________________________________________ Total Sub Sector BUILDINGS 51,652,000 _____________________________________________________________________________ TOTAL SECTOR GOVERNOR'S SECRETARIAT 51,652,000 _____________________________________________________________________________ 2 SC12104(104) SERVICES GENERAL ADMIN & COORDINATION Rs Charged: ______________ Voted: 1,432,976,000 ______________ Total: 1,432,976,000 ______________ _____________________________________________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Pakistan's Role in Reducing the Global Burden of Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health
    Ghaffar et al. Health Research Policy and Systems 2015, 13(Suppl 1):48 DOI 10.1186/s12961-015-0035-6 COMMENTARY Open Access Credit where credit is due: Pakistan’s role in reducing the global burden of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) Abdul Ghaffar1*, Shamim Qazi2 and Iqbal Shah3 Abstract Factors contributing to Pakistan’s poor progress in reducing reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) include its low level of female literacy, gender inequity, political challenges, and extremism along with its associated relentless violence; further, less than 1% of Pakistan’s GDP is allocated to the health sector. However, despite these disadvantages, Pakistani researchers have been able to achieve positive contributions towards RMNCH-related global knowledge and evidence base, in some cases leading to the formulation of WHO guidelines, for which they should feel proud. Nevertheless,inordertoimprovethehealthofitsownwomenand children, greater investments in human and health resources are required to facilitate the generation and use of policy-relevant knowledge. To accomplish this, fair incentives for research production need to be introduced, policy and decision-makers’ capacity to demand and use evidence needs to be increased, and strong support from development partners and the global health community must be secured. Keywords: Capacities, Context, Global knowledge, Incentives Background the health sector [3]. Its expenditure record is certainly Pakistan is the sixth most populous country in the world. not outstanding, even compared to neighbouring coun- With the second and third highest rates of stillbirths and tries with relatively poorer economic indicators, but it newborn mortality [1], respectively, its progress towards is reasonable given the challenges it continues to face.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 National TB Control Program Ministry of National Health Services
    National TB Control Program Ministry of National Health Services Regulations & Coordination Islamabad, Pakistan 1 Annual Report 2013 National TB Control Program Ministry of National Health Services Regulations & Coordination Islamabad, Pakistan 2 Editorial Oversight: Dr. Ejaz Qadeer, National Manager NTP Coordination:3 Wasim Bari Compiled By: Ms. Ammara Omer Contents Acronyms 6 Message by DG NHSR&C 8 Message by National Program Manager 9 Executive Summary 10 1. Epidemiology 12 2. National TB Control Program 13 3. Principle Recipients 22 4. Operational Research 28 5. Drug Management 34 6. Advocacy Communication & Social Mobilization Infection Control 37 7. PPM (Public Private Mix 42 8. MDR-TB 50 9. Hospital Dots Linkages 53 10. Infection Control 56 11. TB / HIV 60 12. National Reference Laboratory 66 13. Health System Strengthening 80 4 Acronyms ACSM Advocacy, Communication and Social Mobilization AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AJK Azad Jammu and Kashmir AKHSP Aga Khan Health Services Pakistan BCC Behavior Change Communication BDN Basic Development Needs CBOs Community-Based Organizations DCO District Coordination Officer DFID Department for International Development DOTS Directly Observed Treatment Short-course DTC District TB Coordinator EDO (H) Executive District Officer-Health EQA External Quality Assurance GFATM Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria GLRA German Leprosy and TB Relief Association GS Green Star GTZ GesellschaftfürTechnischeZusammenarbeit HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus IACC Inter-Agency Coordination
    [Show full text]
  • Fighting Against the Reemergence of Polio in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan
    Loyola University Chicago International Law Review Volume 13 Issue 1 Article 4 2016 Fighting Against The Reemergence of Polio in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan Basim Kamal Follow this and additional works at: https://lawecommons.luc.edu/lucilr Part of the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Basim Kamal Fighting Against The Reemergence of Polio in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan, 13 Loy. U. Chi. Int'l L. Rev. 57 (2016). Available at: https://lawecommons.luc.edu/lucilr/vol13/iss1/4 This Student Article is brought to you for free and open access by LAW eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Loyola University Chicago International Law Review by an authorized editor of LAW eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FIGHTING AGAINST THE REEMERGENCE OF POLIO IN THE FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED TRIBAL AREAS OF PAKISTAN Basim Kamal I. Introduction ................................................... 57 II. B ackground ................................................... 58 A. Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan ............ 58 B. Polio Eradication in Pakistan .............................. 59 III. D iscussion .................................................... 6 1 IV . A nalysis ...................................................... 63 A . Security .................................................. 63 B. M ism anagement ........................................... 64 C . M isinform ation ............................................ 65 V . Proposal .....................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Driving Progress Through Equitable Investment and Action
    2017 PNEUMONIA & DIARRHEA PROGRESS REPORT DRIVING PROGRESS THROUGH EQUITABLE INVESTMENT AND ACTION IVAC at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health a CONTENTS Foreword . 1 Executive Summary . 2 Introduction: Thinking Beyond Mortality . 4 Methods . 5 Results and Key Findings . 7 Overall GAPPD Scores, 2017 . 8 Pneumonia and Diarrhea GAPPD Scores, 2017 . 9 Immunization Coverage for DTP, Measles, Hib, Pneumococcal Conjugate, and Rotavirus Vaccines . 10 Access to Care, Antibiotic Use, ORS, and Zinc . 12 Breastfeeding . 13 Progress in Overall GAPPD Scores . 16 Case Studies and Commentary . 17 The Protective Power of What We Eat: A New Take on an Old Adage for Diarrhea Control . 18 A Canary in the Coal Mine: How Increasing the Momentum for Measles Vaccine Can Help Reduce Pneumonia & Diarrhea . 20 Shaping Success: How India is Rewriting its Vaccine Story . 22 Preparing for the Inevitable: Tackling Child Health in the Face of Climate Change . 24 The Costs We Don’t Account For: Why Pneumonia and Diarrhea Result in Catastrophic Consequences . 26 Conclusion: Pioneering New Ways to Address Child Pneumonia and Diarrhea . 27 References . 30 More Resources . 32 Acknowledgements . 33 To see online report and Appendix, please visit: www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/ivac/resources/IVAC-2017-Pneumonia-Diarrhea-Progress-Report.pdf b FOREWORD The2017 Pneumonia and Diarrhea Progress Report: Driving Progress through Equitable Investment and Action is IVAC’s eighth annual report, marking our ongoing commitment to monitor country progress toward child health goals . Global investments in child health have had a transformative impact; worldwide, under-five deaths have decreased from 10 million in 2000 to 5 .9 million in 2015 .
    [Show full text]