Improving the Management of Marine and Coastal Protected Areas

National Marine Park Karaburun-Sazan NEWSLETTER DECEMBER 2019 ISSUE 8 MCPA2 Project – Achievements and Challenges

The MCPA2 Project - Cleanup of the seabed within the MPA K-S was IN THIS ISSUE: nd is closing its 2 another important activity intending to extend year of the improvement of the waste management implementation, and practices, including collection and disposal of it is time to provide Editorial – MCPA2 marine litter. Project – Achievements an insight of what - Research on ecotourism development needs and and Challenges______1 has been achieved opportunities in the region, namely designing so far and what are best practices for on-the-water tourism, with the next goals and challenges. reference to marine goods and Mini-grants for CSOs - A. Strengthen and Complete the Model of services. VC Radhimë Practice for MCPAs in A.4. Fishery Sector strategy______2 A.1. Meet the RAPA’s priority management needs - Estimation of the impact from fishery activities - Continuing the efforts for strengthening the on the MPA K-S ecosystem. patrolling capacities, monitoring and surveying - Identification of the most suitable and affordable the area, as well as training and capacity Ecological and Socio- small-scale demonstration actions to address building for RAPA Vlorë staff. Economic Coherence existing human activities that may impact the Based on MPA K-S o Strengthen RAPA Vlorë patrolling capacities, marine environment in the MPA. Model______3 enabling provision & operation of a new B. Strengthen Governance-based Institutional speedboat for surveying MPA K-S. Capacity and Management Committee o Five anchoring and 5 signaling buoys have - During 2019 have been organized two meetings Study Visit To National been installed and deployed in the borders of of the PA Management Committee. The focus Parks Of Neighboring MPA K-S, in order to ensure effective was on the implementation of management plans Countries______4 management, patrolling and monitoring. as well as on the assistance and synergies o It is evaluated/assessed the Anti-Trawling provided from MCPA2 project for the MPA K-S. System and its use in the MPA. Monitoring Working o Assistance with the management of the MPA - The MCPA2 project has assisted RAPA to Plan in MPA K-S____5 K-S Radhima Visitor Center (VC) by hiring 3 strengthen its capacity as MC Secretariat and junior experts that valorized and enhanced the cooperating with other projects to better address administration efforts. MPA K-S management and conservation issues. Info & News______6 o Provision of Advice on legal and regulatory C. Design the MCPA Network by Replicating the instruments relevant to MPA K-S. MPA Karaburun-Sazan Model o The Sea Turtle Rehabilitation Center is well C.1. Gap analysis and consecutive data collection Most Famous Marine functioning and cooperating with other turtle involved among others, a sound analyses of existing Researchers______7 centers and experts in the Mediterranean. biophysical and socioeconomic data, development of A.2. Visitor Center Strategic Plan a reference library with specific baseline data, - Development of the Strategic Plan for the situation analysis of marine in the Visitor Center (SPVC). proposed areas as potential sites for MPAs, zoning and demarcation of sensitive areas, uses and - Implementation of SPVC through engagement This edition is socioeconomic value of the areas, etc. (Details on this of CSOs sector for performing small-scale prepared by activity are provided in the relevant article at page 3). projects. (Details on the implemented projects are provided in the relevant article at page 2) C.2. Monitoring working plan for the future outlines UNDP Project on the main line of actions for the accomplishment of a - Publication of a bi-monthly newsletter of MPA Marine and Coastal series of monitoring activities, enabling study, K-S, as a very useful tool featuring all Protected Areas understanding and improving of the MPA (not only significant activities, achievement and Karaburun-Sazan). (Details on this activity are challenges that RAPA and the project are provided in the relevant article at page 5). facing. We are entering at the 3rd year of MCPA2 project - The info-point at the Visitor Center is implementation; the tasks planned and the challenges maintained and enriched with pertinent touristic raised needs to be faced and fulfilled. As we have a information (www.karaburunsazanimpa.com). clear vision and a A.3. Tourism and eco-certification strong commitment to The project has carried out Integrate Marine move forward we are Management actions with Sustainable confident that the up- Ecotourism approaches. This included: coming year will mark - Engagement of the Green Recycling company a ‘history of success’ for assisting the waste recycling activities in in the Project Vlora region with participation of about 42 implementation economic operators (mainly bars and progress. restaurants). © UNDP Project Team

For questions or to subscribe to the newsletter, please write to us at: [email protected] or visit www.karaburunsazanmpa.com | Page 1 MINIGRANTS FOR CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS TO SUPPORT THE FUNCTIONING OF RADHIMA VISITORS CENTER

Development of the Strategic Plan for the Visitor Center e. Association of Paraplegics (SPVC) is one of the important achievements of the MCPA2 and Tetraplegics of Vlora project. Taking further the SPVS recommendations and its District and Region Agency plan of actions the project engaged professional consulting Change – who led actions on services of the CSO Milieukontakt Albania for SPVC involving of persons with implementation and since early 2019 several important actions disabilities in the promotion were designed and taken place with local CSOs. The and awareness of the values implemented small-scale projects have been presented in the of MPA K-S. Main scope captured access to information for previous issues of the Newsletter. As this program is close to disable people, which has difficulties to visit Radhima VC completion, below it is provided a brief summary for each of and MPA K-S. About 300 disable persons were informed on the activities performed. the MPA, and VC. Both places were promoted and visited by persons with disabilities. a. TPA Center and Television 6 Plus 1, Vlorë with f. Responsible Fishermen activities on increasing youth Association and engagement to promote the organization Flag cultural sustainability of were actively engaged with Sazani Island. It addressed promoting the consumption improving of information of invasive species that services regarding cultural, historical, attractions, sportive damage biodiversity in and natural attractions offered by Vlora municipality; MPA K-S. It pinpointed the Blue crab, an invasive species, raising and promoting coordination with structures and growing rapidly the Mediterranean waters; promoting its main actors of policy making, in synergy with vendor consumption was the main scope of the project. Blue Crab development plan and tourism strategy; promotion of local Festival was organized with participation of at least 100 patterns of professional touristic guides. persons. Two new recipes were offered and promoted to participants in order to increase the consumption. b. Gjelbërimi 2000 and Trade School, Vlora, which tackled g. Several other with “Bio fest, promoting promotional activities typical local products of the in local and central MPA K-S”. The main scope media. “Hasan was promotion of local Mëhilli” School, Dukat agriculture and farming products of the MPA. Expected i Ri and “Rakip results were: informative electronic brochure for local Kryeziu” School, Fier products, electronic database for local products, a designed and implemented educational program with focus traditional fair for presentation and promotion of local "Radhima, a tourist destination to be explored". They products. prepared educative information for 50 students on MPA K-S and Radhima VC, explored Radhima and MPA K-S c. Association “Shqipëria” and and shared experiences via social media, awareness raising Marine School and Trade and information about fishery sector and sea turtle School, Vlorë. They engaged conservation. Promotional materials such as picture, with the motto “We are banners and leaflet on the natural and touristic values of citizens of planet Earth”, with the park, Lessons Learned Booklet – were prepared with activities supporting information and lessons learned from the local actions as a environmental protection, species / genetic species and tool for the visitor center. A promotional video for MPA ecological processes which are impor tant for human life. K-S was also produced. Expected results of the project were awareness on soil and water protection in living areas, tourism support at h. “Social Good Summit Radhima, and Karaburun-Sazan, promotion of 2019” – on its 10th area’ values, traditional food and culture and awareness anniversary focused on towards protection of marine life. climate change and environment and for that d. CERCI 1998 and community purpose it gathered and groups and experts calling hosted local events in through their actions for “Less Vlorë, linking the Global plastic, more life”. The Goals Week, with MAP conservation activities, involving implemented activities were all main local and regional development actors, targeted focused on waste reduction by communities to reveal their endeavors paths towards better introducing waste separation activities and rising living systems, sustainable development, restoring and awareness on environment protection in Vlora region and improving ecosystems and habitats they rely on. particularly MBP K-S. They were engaged closely with the Milieukontakt and its local partners participated actively in Visitor Center, volunteering 35 women, including this event. marginalized woman, providing bins for the activity, which were later donated to this Center. © UNDP Project Team

For questions or to subscribe to the newsletter, please write to us at: [email protected] or visit www.karaburunsazanmpa.com | Page 2 ASSESSING ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIO ECONOMIC COHERENCE ON PRIMARY OF MCPAS RELYING ON NATIONAL MARINE PARK KARABURUN-SAZAN SUSTAINABILITY MODEL The MCPA2 project engaged national and international The main findings of this process could be summarized as consultancies, which provided sound analyses of biophysical following: and socioeconomic data on the existing information, - implementing more integrated approached of the developing dedicated assessment methods and technologies as per spatial reference library with distribution of benthic habitats through sampling by specific baseline data from underwater visual transects and digital photogrammetry, key locations throughout the especially on Posidonia and the target benthic plants and marine and coastal areas of sedentary animals within the MCPAs. The BIO GIS MP Albania. It was also analyzed could become a very useful tool to better plan and manage the situation of marine the MPA K-S and the future new MPAs along Albanian biodiversity in the proposed coasts; SPMCPAs as potential sites for MPAs in Albania, - increasing the efforts towards studies on ecological and climate change risk data, environmental state for the most important and sensitive zoning and demarcation of species and biocenosis in the targeted areas; MPA K-S can sensitive areas, identification be the best site to apply such studies; this also addresses of the most potential areas strengthening of knowledge on climate change impacts suitable for MPA onto MPA ecological status and adapting respective designation subject to habitat curricula; viability and living marine - data/info availability as important element of the research species abundance and distribution, critical areas for habitat & monitoring process that NAPA permits and performs at protection, uses and socioeconomic value of these areas. PAs, including reporting of data collected as the base to be The consultancy team provided advice for the establishment followed with of the MCPA network by replicating MPA K-S model and the MCPAs at experiences gain so far. They have accomplished the gap the PA analysis of the existing information, obtaining necessary data Administrative for developing a dedicated virtual library with specific Register as records from key locations throughout the marine sites of contribution Albania, MCPAs networking with priority areas for from various protection and key coastal community representatives sources and (stakeholders) to engage in the MCPA network establishment implemented process. into the BIONA Intensive thoughts and appraisal were dedicated for needful national data steps in preparing and designing 1-2 potential MPAs as well base (detailed as for the support of the establishment of a MCPAs network habitat for Albania. Based on investigations and assessment it was a mapping, common understanding that fast decision in this moment was continuous not yet matured and moreover the financial and human collection of resources are not yet sufficient. the shape files However, it was defined and concluded that prior expanding related to the the MCPAs it is indispensable to enhance strengthening of Albanian coast the MPA K-S and focus towards its ecological and cartography) in order to start preparing the BIO Master economical use of ecosystem sustainability. For this very Plan GIS. purpose there were - higher speed in consolidation of MPA K-S vs new MCPAs, shaped several socio- responding to eco-touristic development priority that this economic packages as area receives, as primary MPA which has already an recommended future international importance and support; on the other side actions in the MPA K- limited human and financial resources does not allow S addressing Albania to afford a rapid and throughout extension of the improvement of park MCPA. Thus, the consolidation of MPA K-S, from the infrastructure, institutional point of view should become self-sustainable, cooperation with the prior establishing other MPAs and allow for sustained community and park progress of the achievements so far on MPA K-S. users, emphasizing nature based activities In order to make MPA K-S a new standard model for all future under the slogan “From Users to Contributors”. The MPA zones of Albanian coast, the following instruments are packages are accompanied by initial financial indicators recommended: which need to be detailed and adjusted at the implementation Let Growth New Blue & Green Tourisms phase. In addition, priority areas for protection of the MCPA Manage with BIO GIS 3D model network were proposed, as well as preparation of habitat Study With Modern Monitoring Programs mapping & cartography of the MPA targeted areas. © UNDP Project Team

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A group consisting of representatives of the Ministry of The overall goal of the study visit into neighbor countries Tourism and Environment, the National Agency of Protected National Parks was to allow the representatives of the Areas, the Regional Ministry of Administrations of Tourism and Protected Areas of Environment and , Vlora, Fieri, the National Elbasani and Shkodra, as Agency of well as the UNDP Protected Areas MCPA2 Project to get insights in participated in a study good and positive visit to the National practices related Parks of neighboring to the countries, namely: management of Lovcen National Park in protected areas. Montenegro, Plitvice Specific objectives of the study visit were to introduce Lakes National Park and participants to the following topics: Krka National Park in Croatia. - Establishment of the National Park, administration and management, funds generation, tourism issues, etc. The study visit was - Park Authority, especially the management board and organized in the frame of its administration and functioning. the project “Enhancing financial sustainability of Protected Management planning and implementation of protection Areas system in Albania”. This project seeks to assist the - measures. Government of Albania in reducing existing funding gaps for the system of Protected Areas, improving the management - Public awareness and cooperation with relevant and cost effectiveness of individual Protected Areas and stakeholders. building the financial management capacities nationwide by - Management of the National Park from the sustainable increasing the capacity of the central and local staff. tourism point of view. - Financial management and generation of funds. The project will focus its During the study visit the group was introduced to specific activities on management elements such as visitor tickets, educational two levels of trails, bike paths, support: (i) renting of park building the spaces, camping financial sites, etc. The management group was also capacities of introduced to the the agency most prominent responsible for and distinguished administering the system of protected areas (NAPA); and (ii) historical, cultural demonstrating the efficacy of different financing strategies in and natural a sub-set of individual protected areas on three National monuments of the Parks: National Park, Divjaka-Karavasta National Park parks. and Llogara-Karaburuni complex. © UNDP Project Team

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This plan outlines the main line of actions for the - Posidonia Oceanica – the Posidonia meadows are accomplishment of a series of monitoring activities, enabling described, but in particular the monitoring protocols and study, understanding and improving of the MPA (not only the scientific works that should be carried out regularly. Karaburun- - Artificial Reef to protect and improve environment – the Sazan). It Submerged Artificial Barriers are described, used as a takes into tool of bio-colonization (with sure increase of the fish account the population and protection of Posidonia) and of obstacle initial to the illegal fishing. It also explains how they are made difficulties of and how they should be installed, in the hope that they a training and can become scientific and educational laboratories for the start-up AMP, but also for local universities and NGOs. phase, but draws up a - Monitoring Cystoseira - the so-called Cystoseira multi-year is described, highlighting the key role in strategy, able ecosystem assessment. The monitoring protocols used at the end to make the monitoring campaigns work well. internationally are also reported. All the activities assumed are spread over a sufficient time so - Chemical-Physical Monitoring – it included the that they are chemical, physical and biological analyzes that must be well set in the MPAs monitoring campaigns. Monitoring integrated protocols used internationally are also reported. with the - Monk Seal - Monk Seal, its regulatory framework is other reported as an important indicator to monitor his operations presence given the recent sightings. It is a charismatic already species that besides doing good to the environment can present in be "exploited" for the scientific and tourist promotion of the the MPA. management of the MPA. - Marine Turtles - Sea Turtles, their regulatory framework Specifically, and their importance are explained. Considering that a some of the hospital for proposed activities are summarized in the following figure: turtles already Future Monitoring Proposals - On the basis of what exists at the emerged from the data collected during the observations MPA there are prepared a series of mini reports, protocols, Visitor examples, schedules and media products, which can be like Center, it only a seemed starting useful to example, in report order to set Italian up and then experiences perform a in this series of regard and an action protocol for live and dead turtles. activities in MPA K-S. Last but not least, given the technological future for the These protected marine area of Karaburun-Sazan, a technical include: proposal concerning the enhancement of the area, through absolutely innovative monitoring (WebGis 3D and VR 360 - Marine Protected Areas and Benefits Linked - the technique), is modern Marine Protected Areas at worldwide level, then provided and focusing on some of the possible benefits that can derive reported, based on from them. These benefits must become the backbone of the possible three- both scientific researches and the economy for the future dimensional of MPA K-S. rendering not only of the seabed, but - Diving Activities - The underwater activities within the also of many Marine Protected Areas and how they can become a wrecks and monitoring and economic tool, incl. Scientific archaeological Underwater Researcher and the possible collaboration areas in the bay of between UNDP, FIPSAS, CMAS and Italian and Vlora. Albanian Universities in order to create Schools of High Education both for Technical Diving and for Scientific © UNDP Project Team Diving in Albania.

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Effective On November On November management of 2, 2019, a 12-14 in PAs is workshop Akyaka, organically entitled Turkey, a linked to "Identification workshop effective of measures to entitled financial management. In this context, prevent marine "Management business plans for Llogara, Dajti and pollution in the National Marine Park of Species Crossing Great Distances Divjaka-Karavasta National Parks are Karaburun-Sazan" was organized within across the Mediterranean" was held, being developed the framework of RAF "RoyalAlbania which addressed aspects of monitoring of with the support Foundation" consultancy funded by SCP living organisms such as sharks, dolphins, of UNDP RAC (Regional Activity Center for sea turtles and seals, which throughout Albania. At the Sustainable Consumption and their life cycle visit a variety of same time, Production). The event was actively Mediterranean countries travelling over trainings for attended by seasonal businesses great distances. The NMP K-S was NEA and operating in Karaburun, experts, local presented in this event by representatives ADZM staff are ongoing. NGOs and projects representatives in the of RAPA Vlorë and the local association area, in order to discuss together the most Flag Pine, who introduced the participants At Visitors appropriate measures for addressing to the values of NMP, the current Center Radhima marine pollution issues in the marine situation and the future challenges for its discussions on park. This activity took place in the sustainable management. A visit to PAs in Vlora framework of the activities planned in Daylan Turtle Rehabilitation and region are the Treatment Center was also organized, continuing, as cooperation where participants were introduced to the part of the study on PA values, agreement techniques used to rehabilitate these boundaries and signed species as well zoning, which is between the as to the being prepared Regional challenges they by the National Administration face daily as a Parks of Protected result of the Association in Areas, Vlorë and SCP RAC. increased impact cooperation of anthropogenic with NAPA. factor on marine environment.

Following the For over two Llogara study visit to years the National Park our country National (NP) was and the Agency of declared a cooperation Protected protected area agreement Areas has been on November signed implementing the project for eco-tourism 21, 1966! In between the two agencies, the Director of packages through DestiMED, a project this context, the Regional Administration the Parks and Nature Authority of Israel, co-financed by the European Regional of Protected Areas, Vlorë, organized on Mr. Shaul Goldstain, together with Development Fund, where one of the November 20, 2019 the Feast of Llogara representatives of the agency staff are pilot areas has been the protected areas National Park. During the fall, Llogara visiting the protected areas of Vlora of Vlora region. The package has been NP offers a fantastic view of the region. The visit began with an tested twice and conceived around the combination of color of coniferous and informative meeting at the Visitors Center NMP K-S and other PAs such as Llogara deciduous forests, accompanied by a of National Marine Park Karaburun- National Park and Butrinti National Park. variety of mushrooms throughout the Sazan on the work of the Regional The packages have been tested and park. Administration of Protected Areas Vlorë undergone an evaluation process by Llogara NP is distinguished for its great and the challenges of managing the international tourism experts, who have biodiversity values, coupled with the region’s protected areas, and it was approved the transition to the next phase diversity of local products and authentic followed by a site visit to get acquainted of their marketing and market entry culture, which with . The potential as a completed product. The deserve the discussion was conceptualization of the packages was attention and a focused on made in the frame privileged place concrete of Local Eco- on our opportunities for Tourism Cluster country's PAs collaboration, composed of list. exchange of RAPA specialists experiences and in collaboration joint application with Albanian Trip in projects. and other local stakeholders.

For questions or to subscribe to the newsletter, please write to us at: [email protected] or visit www.karaburunsazanmpa.com | Page 6 MOST FAMOUS MARINE RESEARCHERS OF ALL TIMES Sir Charles Wyville Rachel Carson Jacques-Ives Thompson (1830 - (1907-1964) – USA Cousteau (1910-1997) 1882) / UK (Scotland) Rachel Carson was – France Charles Wyville an ecologist, an Jacques Cousteau was Thompson was a environmental a famous ocean Scottish naturalist, activist, a famous explorer and inventor. specializing in writer, and a marine Together with Emile Zoology, mainly marine invertebrates. biologist. She is mostly known as Gagnan, he has developed the first fully His first expeditions took place around the author of “Silent Spring” – the book automatic Aqua-lung, which has allowed the northern coasts of Scotland, and their that condemns humanity’s destructive prolonged sea diving, including diving to success has led to launching the famous influence on the environment. considerable depths. worldwide expedition on HMS As a marine scientist, she has worked as Cousteau has also participated in the Challenger that he led. He is often called a writer and editor for US Fish and development of many other tools useful the ‘father of modern oceanography and Wildlife Service in Washington, DC. She for oceanographic underwater research. marine biology‘. also exposed the damage to the extensive He traveled around the world on his His principal contributions to marine use of pesticides. famous ship “Calypso”, and made several biology were: Her main contributions to marine biology famous movies and TV series on marine - Thompson has discovered more than were in the education of the public: research. He has founded the Cousteau 4,000 new marine species during his - Carson’s books on sea life – mainly, Society, devoted to ocean conservation. travels and research. the “Sea around us (1951)” and Jacques Cousteau’s main contributions to - He was one of the leaders of the “Edge of the Sea” were focused on marine biology were: HMS Challenger expedition, during the history, , and ecosystems - Participation in the development of which he has plotted ocean currents of the seas and contributed to the aqua-lung and several other inventions and temperatures. public’s interest in the subject. that have made scuba diving possible. - He was the first to describe the mid- - Rachel Carson was one of the first - Significant contribution to Atlantic ridge and Mariana Trench. specialists that described the sea popularizing marine and - He was the author of the earliest from the ecological point of view oceanographic research through film deep-sea biology textbooks – “The and have shown that our seas need and writings. depths of the Sea”. protecting. - Development of undersea research laboratories Conshelf I, II, II.

Eugenie Clark (1922- Ruth Gates (1962- Hans Heinrich 2015) – USA 2018) – UK/USA Romulus Hass (1919- Eugenie Clark was a Ruth Gates was a 2012) – Austria marine scientist and a marine biologist, a Hans Hass was one of shark specialist, reef coral specialist, the early undersea sometimes known as and conservationist. researchers and a a “Shark Lady”. She has graduated diving pioneer. She has been studying from Newcastle Similar to Jacques various marine species, but her main University and received her Ph.D. in Cousteau, he was also a filmmaker, and research interest was the biology of marine biology there. together with his wife, Lotta Hass has sharks. Eugenie had dived extensively in Later, she has worked at the University made multiple videos featuring the Red Sea at the time when this area of California and finally at the Hawai`i underwater life. was virtually unexplored. Institute of Marine Biology. Hass has formulated the “energon” Later, she was also continually giving She has devoted her studies to the theory, which suggested that all life-forms lectures, dismantling various myths about biology of coral reefs, as well as methods have a common structure. the sharks. to prevent coral bleaching. During his life, he has considered Her main contributions to marine biology Her main contributions to marine biology Cousteau his main rival. He was also an are: are: inventor and developed several devices - She is the first person to successfully - Actively studying the relationships for diving. He has received multiple carry out artificial insemination in between corals and their symbiotic awards for his work. fish. algae, trying to understand the Hass’s main contributions to marine - Has extensively studied shark biology, mechanisms behind coral bleaching. biology are: dismantling various myths about - Gates has proven that some - Hass was the first to conduct research them. sunscreen components contribute to using novel rebreather equipment. - She has also researched shark coral bleaching and had them - Has participated in the development of behavior, proving, among other banned in Hawaii. underwater camera. things, that sharks can be trained. - She has developed an experiment, - Hans Hass has developed other diving - She has discovered a new species – during which she has managed to tools, such as swim fins and Red Sea Moses sole, which produces breed corals that were more resistant submersibles. the chemical that scares sharks away. to stress and bleaching. - He has published around 30 books on - Has made multiple observations to the - Gates has proven that the resistance to sea life, some of them featuring life of the Red Sea fish and made bleaching in corals depends on the underwater photography. several unique discoveries. type of symbiotic algae they contain. - Films produced by Hass have actively - Has written several books educating promoted public interest in sea life. the public about life in the sea.

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