JHC DIGITAL ART February 12, 2014

JHC - Digital Art Checklist

GENERAL Figures intended for color are saved in RGB Figures intended for grayscale or black and white are saved in Grayscale format Figures and panels intended as single composites are supplied as a single file

Sizing Figures are no wider than 6.75” (17.1 cm) and no taller than 8.75” (22.2 cm)

Layout Spacing (routing) between panels in each figure is uniform, ~1-2mm wide, and white in color Figures are laid out in Portrait (8.5 x 11) orientation

Labeling Figures have been numbered sequentially in Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.) Figure panels have been labeled in upper-case letters only Panel labels are in the same position throughout set Fonts used in labeling are Times, Times New Roman, Arial, Sabon, or Frutiger

Color Figures are in RGB format and have an ICC color profile embedded. Authors have examined color View figures in CMYK to ensure color loss from RGB to CMYK conversion does not compromise the figure content (Print version is in CMYK; Online version is in RGB)

FIGURE TYPES

1) Half-tone (photographic, continuous tone) Figures: - If in a rasterized file format (TIFF, Bitmap, etc…) Resolution minimum is 300dpi Size as intended for production - If in a presentation, line-art, or vector graphics format (Illustrator, PowerPoint)… Continuous tone images and scans were embedded with at least 300 DPI Fonts used were Times, Times New Roman, Arial, Sabon, or Frutiger Supported file format was used

2) Line-Art (vector graphics, schematics, graphs) Figures: - If in a rasterized file format (TIFF, Bitmap, etc…) Resolution minimum is 800dpi Size as intended for production - If in a presentation, line-art, or vector graphics format (Illustrator, PowerPoint)… Fonts used were Times, Times New Roman, Arial, Sabon, or Frutiger Supported file format was used Graphs, line-drawings, and schematics were not scanned and embedded

3) Combination Figures: - If in a rasterized file format (TIFF, Bitmap, etc….) Resolution minimum is 800dpi Size as intended for production - If in a presentation, line-art, or vector graphics format (Illustrator, PowerPoint)… Continuous tone images and scans were embedded with at least 300 DPI Fonts used were Times, Times New Roman, Arial, Sabon, or Frutiger Supported file format was used JHC DIGITAL ART February 12, 2014

JHC - Digital Art Guidelines

These guidelines are intended to aid authors in providing figures that will reproduce well in both print and online media. Submitting digital image files that conform to these guidelines will prevent delays in the review and publication processes, and maximize the published quality of your figures.

Figure Types

JHC figures fall into one of three categories: Continuous-tone images, Line-art images, and Combination images. Each image type has specific requirements in terms of the resolution needed for publication, and the file types best suited for the figure. See the following panels for examples and requirements.

Continuous-tone Image Line-art Image Combination Image Minimum resolution: 300 DPI. Minimum resolution: 800 DPI. Minimum resolution: 800 DPI. Preferred File Formats: TIFF, Bitmap. Preferred File Formats: EPS, Preferred File Formats: PDF, EPS, PowerPoint, Illustrator. PowerPoint, Illustrator, InDesign.

Resolution

In order for a figure to be used in publication, its Digital Image File must have the required resolution when it is created. The resolution cannot be raised after the original image is made. Attempting to do so (for example, with Adobe Photoshop’s© “Image Size” command) results in the addition of artificial pixels that distort the image and lower its sharpness. The figures on the right show an example of this reduced sharpness.

Line-art supplied at high Using “Image Size” to go resolution (1000dpi). from 300 DPI to 1000 DPI.

Fonts

Limit fonts used in any figure to Times, Times New Roman, Arial, Frutiger, and Sabon. Other fonts cannot be guaranteed to reproduce properly.

JHC DIGITAL ART February 12, 2014

Sizing

JHC publishes figures in Portrait orientation (long edge vertical). The maximum size possible for any single figure is 6.75” (17.1cm) wide by 8.75” (22.1cm) tall. Any figures larger than this will be reduced to fit in these dimensions.

Supported Software JHC can process Digital Art created with the following programs:  Microsoft PowerPoint and Publisher (all versions)  Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator (all versions)

If a program is not listed here, then JHC does not support figures saved in its format. For unsupported software such as InDesign, Corel Draw or Macromedia Freehand, etc.., the figure(s) must be saved in a non-proprietary format (TIFF, Bitmap, JPEG, EPS).

RGB and CMYK Color

CMYK color is still used when producing the print edition of JHC, but figures in the online Journal are produced in RGB color. You must submit your figures in RGB format to obtain the highest level of detail and image quality in the online Journal, and we encourage you to supply digital image files containing color profiles if your image-editing software supports them. Because CMYK contains fewer colors than RGB, some detail and information can be lost when the figures are converted for print publication. The figures at the right show an example of what an RGB to CMYK conversion can look like.

RGB CMYK

References

 Half-tone Image example: Torgan CE and Daniels MP (In Press) JHC exPRESS Sep 22, 2005. DOI:10.1369/jhc.5A6769.2005  Line-art Image example: Frederiks WM et al. (In Press) JHC exPRESS Jul 26, 2005. DOI:10.1369/jhc.5A6663.2005  Combination Image example: Islam S et al. (2005) JHC 53 (12) DOI:10.1369/jhc.5A6663.2005  Image Resolution example: Peters EMJ et al. (In Press) JHC exPRESS Jul 11, 2005. DOI:10.1369/jhc.4A6585.2005  Color conversion example: Ruan H-Z et al. (2005) JHC 53 (10) pp. 1273-1282 DOI:10.1369/jhc.4A6556.2005

Image Resolution Everything you need to know to find the resolution of an image. Brought to you by SAGE Publications’ Art Department Fact Sheet

Basic definitions... Low Res vs. High Res Calculating Image Size: Pixels — Think MONITOR. Pixels are the Pixels ÷ PPI = Inches back-lit squares of color that make up your photo on a monitor. A computer monitor displays images at 72 ppi. Dots — Think PRINT. Dots are what the A good-sized photo in email, or on the Internet, pixels become when you print them with might be something near 600x400 pixels at inks. 72 ppi: 72 ppi 300 ppi Resolution — Pixel density. The number of 600 pixels ÷ 72 ppi = 8.3 inches pixels, or dots, used to display one inch of an image. Also known as “Res”. Find the pixel dimensions by 400 pixels ÷ 72 ppi = 5.5 inches 72 ppi (pixels per inch) — On-screen in just 4 clicks! resolution. Your monitor fits 72 pixels in one inch. Also known as “Low Res”. Therefore an image with 600x400 pixels is a good size for viewing on a monitor. Unfortunately, 300 dpi (dots per inch) — Print resolution. Change these dimensions are too small to make a quality A printing press fits 300 dots in one inch. ➊ file view to photographic print. Here’s why… Also known as “High Res”. “Details” Printing is conducted at a higher pixel density: PPI vs. DPI — Many software programs 300 dpi. In order to produce a “photo quality” and scanner interfaces use these two print, we must have at least 300 dots for every terms interchangeably—but that’s not inch of the print. The number of pixels never exactly accurate. The term PPI should be changes, only how many you cram in one inch. used when referring to image resolution, Recalculate the same 600x400 image and you and the term DPI should be used when have a much smaller image: referring to printing resolution. How can ➋ you remember this? Monitors display Right-Click this bar pixels, and printers produce dots. 600 pixels ÷ 300 dpi = 2 inches Select “More” for a list of detail by Image Size — The number of pixels across ➌ options. the width and height of the image. 400 pixels ÷ 300 dpi = 1.3 inches (Example: the photo is 3000 pixels x 2000 pixels.) The quality of the print, and the size of the print are limited by the number Unless you want this small size, an image with of pixels in the original image. You can’t 600x400 pixels is a poor size for printing. increase one value without effectively decreasing the other: ➍ Check on What to send the Art Dept “Dimensions” The Art Dept prefers a file size of about 1200x1800 or higher for optimum 4x6 prints, Print Size and 2400x3000 for an 8x10 print. Quality

Pixel Dimensions appear for .jpg, .tif, .bmp, and .gif files. Now you the image, and you will lower the can calculate the print size in inches (divide by 300 for print, or by 72 for on-screen).