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Home , Bathroom, Building, Dwelling, Garret, Living room, Toilet (room)

Explanation of Terms (-related Terms)

Dwellings on a rotating basis. A dwelling is defined as a permanent or Vacant structurally separated part thereof, such as a detached or unit of an building that, by the way As Second Dwelling it has been built or altered, is intended for habitation by : Dwellings where no usually one household. lives and which are used as vacation A structurally separated part should be completely for spending weekends or partitioned with fixed concrete or wooden . holidays, or as summer/winter resorts A dwelling for habitation by one household must for recreation, etc. satisfy the following four requisites with respect to facilities. Others: Houses which are used occasionally, (1) At least one ; such as for staying overnight after (2) A for cooking for exclusive use; overtime work late at night. (3) A for exclusive use; and For Rent (Even if (2) and (3) are for joint use, both should Vacant dwellings for rent whether newly built be located to permit use at any time and accessed or not. without passing through other .) (4) An entrance for exclusive use. For Sale (This may be a direct access to the or access Vacant dwellings for sale whether newly built to a that occupants and visitors can use.) or not.

Provided that the above requisites are satisfied, Others dwellings are considered as such even if not usually Dwellings other than those mentioned above. occupied. Dwellings included in this category are those not Dwellings not usually occupied are referred to as inhabited for a long time due to transference or dwellings without occupying households and were hospitalization, or those to be destroyed for the classified as follows: purpose of rebuilding. (Note: Including vacant dwellings which are difficult to Dwellings without Occupying Households classify into subdivisions.)

Dwellings with temporary occupants only Under Vacant Dwellings Dwellings whose framework has been built, but As second dwelling construction has not been completed. Ferroconcrete Villas are included in this category if the outer Others walls have been built. For rent A dwelling in which the internal finishing work For sale has not yet been completed is classified as “Vacant.” Others Dwellings under construction are considered

Under construction complete dwellings if already inhabited by a household. Dwellings with Temporary Occupants Only Dwellings which have no usual residents, but are used only in the daytime or used by several persons Occupied Buildings Other than Dwelling connected by walls, but with each having an Buildings other than dwellings were included in this independent entrance to the street. houses are survey if inhabited. The following buildings were also included in this category. included in this category: (1) Worker built or designed for Buildings consisting of two or more dwelling units habitation by a group of single persons with for which corridor, staircases and other common separate budgets. areas are jointly used. Two or more dwellings built (2) School dormitories built or designed for one above the other are also included in this category. habitation by a group of students with separate Building with stores on the first and two or more budgets. dwellings above them also fall under this category. (3) Hotels, motels or inns built or arranged for tourists or persons staying temporarily. Others (4) Boarding houses or other occupied buildings Dwellings other than those mentioned above. A built temporarily and not converted for human part of a or classified as dwelling habitation, such as hospitals, , quarters is included in this category. and construction camps. Stories of Building "Living" or "inhabiting" in this survey means that a The number of stories of a building above the ground. person is usually living in the building in question, that Mezzanines, and are not included in is, living or intending to live there for more than three this category. months as of the survey date.

Type of Dwelling Construction Material Buildings were classified in the following way Dwellings were classified into the following two according to their construction material. When two or categories according to use: more materials are used, the material predominant in Used Exclusively for Living terms of floor space is chosen for the classification. Dwellings constructed or converted only for human habitation and include no facilities for Wooden business purposes, such as stores, workshops and Wooden (excluding wooden and fireproofed) offices. Wooden and fireproofed

Used Also for Commerce or Other Purposes Non-wooden Dwellings consisting of living quarters and other Reinforced steel-framed concrete facilities such as stores, restaurants, barbershops and Steel framed doctor's offices, as well as earth , workplaces Others and barns for agriculture, , hunting, fishery Wooden (excluding wooden and fireproofed) and cultivation. Buildings whose main frames including pillars and beams are made of wood. This category does not Type of Building include fireproofed wooden buildings. Dwellings were classified in the following way according to how the buildings concerned were built. Wooden and Fireproofed Buildings whose main frames including pillars Detached Houses and beams are made of wood, and whose roofs and Buildings consisting of a dwelling unit. outer walls are covered with mortar, siding boards, Tenement - Houses zinc sheet or other fireproof material. Buildings consisting of two or more dwelling units Reinforced steel-flamed concrete Rented Houses Owned by Local Government Buildings whose main frames are made of Rented houses which are owned and ferroconcrete or steel ferroconcrete. administrated by the prefectural or municipal government and not included under issued houses. Steel framed Buildings whose main frames such as pillars and Rented Houses Owned by Urban Renaissance beams are made of iron. Agency (UR) Rented houses which are owned by the Urban Others Renaissance Agency (UR) or Buildings other than those mentioned above, such corporations, managed by a prefectural or , as those having walls made of concrete blocks or wards, towns government, and not included under bricks. issued houses. These include dwellings generally Year of Construction called "UR rented houses," "Public Corporation The year of construction of all occupied houses. houses" and similar. If a house was extended or renovated, the respondent Also included in this category are rented houses was asked to specify the year of construction of the operated by the Employment Promotion Projects original house. However, if new floor space was Corporation for those who relocate in order to more than half the total floor space of the house after obtain new jobs. extension or renovation, the respondent was asked to Rented Houses Owned Privately indicate the year of extension or renovation. Rented houses which are not owned by the national government, prefectures, cities, wards, Tenure of dwelling towns, the Urban Renaissance Agency (UR) or The tenure of dwelling and occupied buildings other public enterprises, and not included under issued than a dwelling was classified as follows: houses.

Owned houses Issued Houses Rented houses Dwellings which are owned or administered by Rented houses owned by local private companies, public bodies, etc. and rented government to their employees or officials in order to meet Rented houses owned by Urban their work needs or issued as a part of salary and Renaissance Agency (UR) wages regardless of rent being paid. (This Rented houses owned privately includes ordinary houses rented by companies Issued houses and occupied by their employees.) Occupied buildings other than a dwelling Occupied Buildings Other than Dwellings Owned Rented Owned Cases where the household owns all or part of Occupied Dwellings an occupied building other than a dwelling, such Owned Houses as factory or office. Dwellings which are owned by the households Rented occupying them. Also included here are newly Cases where the household rents all or part of constructed or recently purchased dwellings that an occupied building other than a dwelling, such have yet to be registered at a registration office, as a factory or office. and those being purchased in installments, for

which loan payments have yet to be completed. Type of square meters. The types of kitchen were classified as follows: Area of Floor Space 1. Kitchen used exclusively The area of floor space refers to the total floor space A kitchen used by both a main household and a shared covering the entrance, kitchen, toilet, , household is also regarded as a kitchen for exclusive use. corridor, earth floor, , etc. and used for (1) Kitchen used only for cooking (K) professional or business purposes, such as stores and Kitchen used only for cooking and separated offices, as well as dwelling rooms. However, from other rooms storehouses and garages as well as warehouses, (2) Kitchen also used as a (DK) workshops, etc. for a business located separate from the Kitchen not separated from a dining room main part of the dwelling were not included in the floor (3) Kitchen also used as a dining room and a living area. room (LDK, LK) In the case of apartments, such jointly used areas as Kitchen not separated from a dining room and passageways, and were also excluded. a (4) Other kitchen also used for other purposes Facilities for Aged Persons, etc. For instance, a kitchen not separated from an Housing in which people live was categorized as entrance is included in this category. follows, using the criteria of whether there were certain 2 .Kitchen used jointly facilities for aged persons, etc. Kitchen jointly used with other households living in apartments, excluding the kitchen used with Equipped with Facilities for Aged Persons, etc. households Equipped With Railing Buildings equipped with safety railing to Number of Dwelling Rooms and Number of prevent aged persons, etc. from falling down due Tatami Units of Dwelling Rooms to a loss of balance. Number of Dwelling Rooms Also, in housing equipped with railing, the Dwelling rooms include living rooms, , places equipped with railing were classified as drawing rooms, studies and dining rooms etc. follows:

Entrance , kitchens, , toilet rooms, (1) Entrances , corridor, earth floors, as well as shops, (2) Toilet offices and other rooms used for professional or (3) Bathrooms business purposes are not counted as dwelling rooms. (4) Dressing rooms Kitchens with a dining space whose floor space, (5) Corridor excluding the space of the sink, kitchen, , etc. is (6) 5 square meters or more were included in the number (7) Dwelling rooms of dwelling rooms. Rooms occupied by lodging (8) Others households were also included in the number of rooms. Easy-to-step-in Bathtub The height of the bathtub from the bathroom Number of Tatami Units of Dwelling Rooms floor is low enough for aged persons, etc. to step The total space of rooms mentioned above was over. Bathtubs 30 to 50 centimeters in height measured in terms of the number of tatami units. A were considered easy-to-step-in tubs. tatami unit is a Japanese floor mat, rectangular in

shape and measuring 90 centimeters by 180

centimeters. Two tatami units are equivalent to 3.3 Passage Wide Enough for Wheelchairs Water Heating Unit Utilizing Energy Housing where the corridors or entrances to Systems that heat water on the by solar rooms are at least 80 centimeters wide. energy and distribute the heated water to bathrooms and kitchens. Other systems that heat the whole Without Steps Indoor dwelling by circulating air warmed by solar energy Housing designed without differences in level in the under the floor by fan are also included so that aged persons, etc. do not trip and fall. here. However, these differences in level do not include doorsteps and stairs. Generator Utilizing Solar Energy Systems which collect sunlight by using a Possible to move with a Wheelchair from the condensing board on the roof, and convert it into street to entrance electricity. Housing where there is no difference in level or obstacle so that a person in a wheelchair can pass Double-Sash or Double-Glass Window safely without assistance from the adjacent road to Double-Sash the entrance. Those which have two (or three) This includes cases where a gentle slope is inner and outer sashes. In case the inner sash is a provided to facilitate wheelchair passage in places Japanese-style sliding paper window, that where there is a large difference in level. window is not included here. Without Facilities for Aged Persons, etc. Double-Glass Window Barrier-free dwelling Those windows which combine multiple sheets of glass, and provide insulation by creating (“Barrier-free” is a facility to improve accessibility air space between the glass panes. for people with a handicap and Aged persons, etc.) Dwellings were classified into three types, Barrier-free dwellings were classified as follows: depending on the number of Double-Glass Windows. Barrier-free dwelling at a certain level (1) All windows A dwelling which has either of the following (2) Some windows facilities for aged persons: (3) No windows ・Railing at two places or more ・Without steps indoors Situation of Dilapidation The situations regarding dilapidation of the main Barrier-free dwelling at an advanced level frame of the dwelling such as walls, pillars, floors, A dwelling which has all of the following beams, roofs, etc., as well as other parts of the dwelling facilities for aged persons: were classified as follows: ・Railing at two places or more Dilapidation Exists: ・Without steps indoors Where there is any defect in the main frame or ・A corridor which is wide enough to move with other part of the dwelling. For example, cases where a wheelchair part of the walls or the building’s is cracked, some roofing tiles are unfixed, or a Energy-Saving Equipment, etc. rainwater gutter is damaged and unfixed to part of Energy-saving facilities etc. were listed as follows: the , etc.

Dilapidation Does Not Exist: (3) There is no difference in the level of corridors for There is no damage to the main frame or other part public use, and the corridors are at least 140 of the building. centimeters wide.

Situation of Not Designed to Accommodate Aged Persons With regard to apartments, the situations regarding Whether Are Equipped With Automatic elevators were classified as follows: Locks Apartments were classified as those equipped with Equipped With and those not equipped with automatic locks, as Part of the Elevator is Fitted With Glass follows: Where inside the elevator cage is visible when Equipped With Automatic Locks the door is closed. The building has a public entrance, the door of Equipped With Security Camera which cannot be unlocked from outside without using Where a security camera is installed inside the a key, password or similar means, or which must be elevator cage. Cases of a dummy camera (fake unlocked by a resident or another person from inside camera) are included here. the building.

Not Equipped With These Facilities Not Equipped With Automatic Lock Where the above-mentioned facilities are not installed. Purchase, Construction, Reconstruction, etc. of

Not Equipped With Elevator Dwellings Owned houses inhabited at the time of the survey Whether or Not Apartments Are Designed to were classified into the following groups according to Accommodate Aged Persons the means of obtaining the houses. “Apartments” were classified as those designed to Purchase Newly Built Houses accommodate aged persons or those not so designed, as follows: From Urban Renaissance Agency (UR): This refers to cases where the respondent Designed to Accommodate Aged Persons purchased a newly constructed, ready-built house Apartments which are structured so that persons in or a house and lot subdivided from a larger lot wheelchairs can pass safely and without assistance from the Urban Renaissance Agency (UR), or from the adjacent road to the entrance of the dwelling, from a housing supply corporation, housing and which largely fulfill the following three association or development corporation of a conditions: prefecture or municipality.

(1) In case there is a large difference in level between From Private Companies: the road and inside the building, a gentle slope is This refers to cases where the respondent provided to facilitate wheelchair passage. purchased a newly constructed, ready-built house (2) The elevator cage entrance is at least 80 or a house and lot subdivided from a larger lot centimeters wide and the call buttons at the from a private company, etc. entrance and on the car operating panel in the Purchase Used Houses elevator cage are designed with consideration This refers to cases where the resident purchased a given to passengers in wheelchairs. used house previously inhabited by another household or a house having been rented from others. Newly built (excluding rebuilt) Renovated Roof, Exterior Walls, etc. This refers to cases where the resident has Work for retiling or repainting roofs, repairing constructed a newly acquired house on new ground leaking roofs, the floors of (serving as the or ground where a building other than a dwelling had roofs of lower stories) , replacing or repainting been constructed and subsequently removed for the exterior walls, repairing concrete walls, repairing purpose of new construction. rainwater gutters, etc.

Rebuilt Reinforced Walls, Pillars, Foundation, etc. This refers to cases where a new house was built Work for newly constructing or installing walls, in the same place or on the same ground occupied by installing diagonal braces, reinforcing foundation, the previously owned house. reinforcing pillars and beams with cramp irons, etc.

Acquired by Inheritance or Grant Installed Insulation or Condensation Proofing on This refers to cases where the resident obtained a Windows, Walls, etc. house from their parents, etc. by inheritance or grant. Work for changing windows from single- to double-sash windows or from single- to double-glass Others windows, infusing heat insulating agent or buffeting This refers to cases other than those mentioned urethane foam on walls and/or . above (e.g., where buildings were converted into dwellings). Other Work Work other than mentioned above, such as Extended or Renovated, etc. since 2009 constructing or repairing , fixing handrails Inquiries were made to the owners of houses about and electric wiring (to add plug outlets and/or whether any extended or renovated facilities had been switches). attempted since January 2009 (except for construction and Repaired places damaged by the Great East Japan reconstruction), with the replies classified as follows: Extended or Renovated, etc. Work for repairing places damaged by the Great East Japan Earthquake (including restoration work). Extended or Changed Room Layout Work for enlarging dwelling rooms, constructing Not Extended or Renovated, etc. detached buildings or remodeling corridors and/or In case the houses or dwelling rooms were extended ambries into dwelling rooms, etc. or renovated for use as a store or an office, or to be rented to another household, such work is regarded as Renovated Kitchen, Toilet, Bathroom, Lavatory “Not extended or renovated.” Work for repairing laid pipe or leaking running

water pipes due to aging, remodeling a Situation of Renovating of Facilities for Aged Japanese-style toilet into a Western-style one, or Persons, etc. since 2009 remodeling a toilet into a , etc. With regard to owned houses, the situations regarding Renovated Interior Parts such as , Walls, whether any renovating of facilities for aged persons, etc. Floor had been attempted since January 2009 were classified Work for replacing wallpaper or flooring, as shown below. changing from tatami to flooring, installing a floor This included remodeling already done for the future, heating facility, replacing the fixtures of interior parts even if there were no aged persons at present. (including toilet, kitchen, bathroom and lavatory), and only excluding the replacement of curtains and/or blinds. Renovating for Aged Persons, etc. Installation of Diagonal Bracing Refers to the case where diagonal braces are Stairs and Corridors with Railing placed between pillars in order to resist horizontal Addition of handrails to staircases and corridors. tremors. Slopes in the Residence Reinforcement of Foundation Installation of slopes to eliminate slight rises in Refers to the case where a foundation made of floor level. pebbles has been changed to one made of Renovating of Bathroom concrete, or the foundation has been reinforced Converting a bathtub to an inlaid one, or placing into a ferroconcrete one. handrails in the bathroom. Reinforcement by Bolts Renovating of Toilet Refers to the case where pillars and beams or Converting a Japanese-style to a pillars and foundations are connected using cramp Western-style one, installing a warm-water irons in order to alleviate sway and prevent such toilet seat, etc. frame components as pillars from falling or Others drifting. Any other types of renovating Others No Renovating for Aged Persons, etc. Improvements other than stated above (e.g., renewal of rotten timber or that damaged by Situation of Seismic Diagnosis of Dwellings termites), and replacement of a heavy tile roof with one of lighter metallic plates to reduce since 2009 weight of the building. With regard to owned houses, the situations regarding whether seismic diagnosis had been Not Renovated for Earthquake Resistance conducted since January 2009 by a registered of the builder to check safety in case of Situation of Housing Remodeling since 2009 were classified as follows: The situations regarding whether owned houses were remodeled after January 2009 were classified as Seismic Diagnosis Had Been Conducted follows: (1) Earthquake resistance had been secured (2) Earthquake resistance had not been secured Housing Remodeling Was Made Cases which fall under any of the Seismic Diagnosis Has Not Been Conducted above-mentioned “Extended or Renovated,” “Renovating for Aged Persons, etc.” and Situation of Earthquake-Resistant Renovating “Renovated to Make It Earthquake-Resistant” for Houses since 2009 With regard to owned houses, the situations Housing Remodeling Was Not Made regarding whether any earthquake-resistant renovating work was done on the houses since January 2009 were classified as follows:

Renovated to Make It Earthquake-Resistant

Newly Built or Reinforced Refers to the case where windows are replaced by walls in order to resist horizontal tremors.

Tenure of the Site Others The tenure of the site was classified into the Cases where a household member or members following categories: live in an apartment house, detached house or tenement house where there is neither ownership nor Owned site a for the site. Rented site General leasehold Site Area Fixed-term leasehold, etc. This applies to households dwelling on “owned land” Others or “rented land,” or in “detached houses” or “tenement-houses” on sites other than “owned land” or Owned Site “rented land.” Refers to the case where a member of the The area of the site means the land area on which household living in the dwelling owns the land of the dwelling houses and attached buildings are built, dwelling site. It does not matter whether it has been regardless of registration regarding the type of land registered or loan payments have been completed. made at the registration office. This also refers to the case where the land belongs In cases where , offices, etc. were built on the to the parents of household members or where the same site area as the dwelling, the site area of factories, land is shared by other households who live in the offices, etc. is excluded. same apartment or tenement house. For farm households, the area of such attached Rented Site buildings on the premises as workshops and barns was This refers to cases where a person other than a included, while the area used as fields was excluded household member is the owner of the site. regardless of registration regarding the type of land. General Leasehold In cases of apartment houses or tenement houses, the All types of lease other than “fixed-term site area for each dwelling unit (site for divisional leasehold, etc.” mentioned below. ownership) was reported instead of the site area for the entire building. Fixed-term Leasehold, etc. One of the established in August 1992, Type of Transfer of Site which falls under one of the following: Concerning “owned site” and “rented site,” the (1) A lease with a term of fifty years or more, category was determined according to whom the site and accompanied by the following special was purchased or rented from. contract (i.e., fixed-term leasehold): (i) No From Central or Local Government renewal of the contract can be made and (ii) Purchase or lease of a site owned by the central or no request can be made to the owner of the a local government. land to purchase the housing (building) on the rented site. From Urban Renaissance Agency (UR) (2) A lease with a term of thirty years or more, Purchase or lease of a site owned by the Urban and accompanied by a special contract that Renaissance Agency (UR), or from a housing supply the lease will be terminated after thirty years corporation, housing association or development or more when the owner of the land corporation of a prefecture or municipality. purchases the housing (building) on the From Corporations such as a Companies rented site. (i.e., leasehold with special Purchase or lease of a site owned by a private contract for transfer of building) company.

From an Individual Purchase or lease of a site owned by an individual.

By Inheritance or Grant

Acquisition of a site by inheritance or grant.

Others Other than the above-mentioned cases, purchase or lease as an equivalent exchange or from organizations other than corporations.

Year of Acquisition of Site This refers to the year when the respondent purchased, rented, donated or inherited the ground for the building site. In cases where a rented site was purchased, the year of purchase was investigated.