Geoturystyka 1–2 (28–29) 2012: 3–12 http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/geotour.2012.28-29.3 Therapeutic waters as geotourism values of the Polish Baltic sea coast Wody lecznicze jako walory geoturystyczne polskiego wybrzeża Bałtyku
Arkadiusz Krawiec Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Geology and Hydrogeology, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, e-mail: [email protected]
attractions of the spa towns and chances for the development of Ustka health tourism in the area are enumerated. Kamień Darłowo Sopot Pomorski Kołobrzeg Keywords: therapeutic waters, geotourism values, health resort, Baltic coast area Świnoujście Treść: Najstarsze uzdrowiska na Niżu Polskim powstały w miejscach, gdzie występują solanki, z których warzono sól. W artykule przedstawiono warunki występowania wód leczniczych na polskim wybrzeżu Bałtyku. Omówiono rozwój przyrodolecznictwa Abstract: The oldest spa towns in the Polish Lowland have na tym obszarze, scharakteryzowano ujęcia wód solankowych developed on the basis of brines from which salt used to be refined. i wykorzystanie zasobów tych wód. Zaprezentowano główne walory This article presents conditions for the occurrence of medicinal turystyczne uzdrowisk oraz przedstawiono możliwość rozwoju na (therapeutic) waters on the Polish Baltic Sea coast. It discusses tym obszarze turystyki uzdrowiskowej. the development of naturopathy in the area and presents brine Słowa kluczowe: wody lecznicze, walory geoturystyczne, water intakes and their utilisation. Moreover, the main tourist uzdrowisko, wybrzeże Bałtyku
Pomeranian Anticlinorium Pomeranian Anticlinorium
boundary geological units boundary geological units
Fig. 1. Location of spa towns on the Polish Baltic Sea coast • Położenie uzdrowisk na polskim wybrzeżu Morza Bałtyckiego
3 Therapeutic waters as geotourism values of the Polish Baltic sea coast
Introduction 'ąENLORFDWHGLQWKH:HVW3RPHUDQLDQVoivodeship as well DV8VWNDDQG6RSRWLQWKH3RPHUDQLDQVoivodeship (Fig. 1). In Poland there are 44 towns having the spa status. Six 7KHLUHPHUJHQFHDQGORFDWLRQZHUHLQÀXHQFHGE\WKHSUHV- of them are located in the coastal area of the Baltic Sea. HQFH RI QDWXUDO PHGLFLQDO UHVRXUFHV EULQH WKHUDSHXWLF 7KHVHDUHĝZLQRXMĞFLH.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNL.RáREU]HJDQG SHDW DQGKHDOLQJSURSHUWLHVRIWKHPDULWLPHFOLPDWH
7DE&ODVVL¿&ODVVL¿FDWLRQRIWKHUDSHXWLFJURXQGZDWHUVEDVHGRQWKHLUSKDUPDFDWLRQRIWKHUDSHXWLFJURXQGZDWHUVEDVHGRQWKHLUSKDUPDFRG\QFRG\QDPLFIDFWRUV,QVKDGRZPLQLPDOFRQFHQWUDWLRQRUWHPDPLFIDFWRUV,QVKDGRZPLQLPDOFRQFHQWUDWLRQRUWHP- SHUDWXUHUHTXLUHGIRUWKHUDSHXWLFZDWHU &LĊĪNRZVNLet al.5R]SRU]ąG]HQLH« .ODV\¿NDFMDZyGOHF]QLF]\FKSRG]LHPQ\FK QDSRGVWDZLHF]\QQLNyZIDUPDNRG\QDPLF]Q\FK:V]DU\PWOHPLQLPDOQHVWĊĪHQLDOXEWHPSHUDWXUDZ\PDJDQDGODZRG\OHF]QLF]HM &LĊĪNRZVNLi in.5R]SRU]ąG]HQLH«
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Pharmaco-dynamic factors – specific components Temperature mineralizacja współczynniki farmakodynamiczne – składniki swoiste temperatura
2 mg F- fluoride water / woda fluorkowa 1 mg I- iodide water / woda jodkowa >20oC thermal water ≥1 g/dm 3 1 mg S(II) sulphide water / woda siarczkowa / woda termalna
70 mg H2SiO3 silica water / woda krzemowa
10 mg Fe(II) ferruginous water / woda żelazista <20oC 74 Bq radon or radioactive water / woda radonowa <1 g/dm3 cold water 250 mg free CO carbonated water / woda kwasowęglowa 2 / woda chłodna 1000 mg free CO2 CO2-rich water, carbonated water / szczawa
)LJ+\GURJHRORJLFDOFURVVVHFWLRQ PRGL¿HGDQGVXSSOHPHQWHGDIWHU.DF]RU 3U]HNUyMK\GURJHRORJLF]Q\ ]PLHQLRQ\LX]X- SHáQLRQ\QDSRGVWDZLH.DF]RU
4 7KHUDSHXWLFZDWHUVDVJHRWRXULVPYDOXHVRIWKH3ROLVK%DOWLFVHDFRDVW
,Q3RODQGWKHUDSHXWLFZDWHULVJURXQGZDWHUZKLFKLVQRW )LJ 6W. $GDOEHUW¶VVSULQJLQ6RSRW SKRW$.UDZLHF=GUyM FRQWDPLQDWHGFKHPLFDOO\RUPLFURELRORJLFDOO\VKRZVQDWXUDO ĝZLĊWHJR:RMFLHFKDZ6RSRFLHIRW$.UDZLHF YDULDELOLW\LQWHUPVRISK\VLFDODQGFKHPLFDOSURSHUWLHVDQG PHHWVDWOHDVWRQHRIWKHFRQGLWLRQVUHODWLQJWRPLQHUDOLVDWLRQ WHPSHUDWXUHRUFRQWHQWVRIVSHFL¿FFRPSRQHQWV 7DE (DFKPLQHUDOZDWHU RIPLQHUDOLVDWLRQJGP3 FDQEHPH- GLFLQDOZDWHUUHJDUGOHVVRIZKHWKHULWFRQWDLQVVSHFL¿FFRP- SRQHQWV0RUHRYHUZHDNO\PLQHUDOLVHGZDWHUFDQEHUHJDUG- HGDVKHDOLQJLILWFRQWDLQVDWOHDVWRQHVSHFL¿FFRPSRQHQW DQGRUKDVDWHPSHUDWXUHDERYH& 5R]SRU]ąG]HQLH« %ULQHVLQFOXGHZDWHURIRYHUDOOPLQHUDOLVDWLRQDWOHDVW JGP3ZKRVHPDLQFRPSRQHQWVDUHFKORULGHVRGLXPDQG FDOFLXPLRQV7KHODUJHVWUHVRXUFHVRIWKHVHZDWHUVLQ3RODQG are located in the Polish Lowlands. These waters are well UHFRJQLVHGDQGH[DPLQHGFKHPLFDOO\%ULQHVDUHFRPPRQO\ XVHGLQEDOQHRORJ\LQPRVWKHDOWKUHVRUWVORFDWHGLQWKH3ROLVK Lowlands. )LJ([WUDFWLRQRIWKHUDSHXWLFSHDWLQ.RáREU]HJSKRW$.UDZLHF 7KHHDUOLHVWVSDWRZQVLQWKH3ROLVK/RZODQGVXQOLNH :\GRE\ZDQLHWRUIXOHF]QLF]HJR ERURZLQ\ Z.RáREU]HJXIRW KHDOWKUHVRUWVLQWKH&DUSDWKLDQVDQGLQWKH6XGHWHVZKHUH $.UDZLHF WKHEDVLVRIWKHLURULJLQDQGGHYHORSPHQWZHUHQDWXUDOVSULQJV RIPLQHUDOZDWHUVXVHGIRUWKHUDSHXWLFSXUSRVHVGHYHORSHG This paper presents conditions for the occurrence of ther- RQWKHEDVLVRIEULQHVIURPZKLFKIRURYHU\HDUVVDOW DSHXWLFZDWHUVRQWKH3ROLVK%DOWLF6HDFRDVW,WGLVFXVVHVWKH ZDVUH¿QHG .RODJR'RZJLDááR %ULQHVRIWKH GHYHORSPHQWRIQDWXURSDWK\LQWKHDUHDDQGSUHVHQWVEULQH &O1DW\SHDUHQRZH[WUDFWHGSULPDULO\WKURXJKERUHKROHV ZDWHULQWDNHVDQGWKHLUXWLOLVDWLRQ0RUHRYHUWKHPDLQWRXU- 6SHFL¿FFRPSRQHQWVZKLFKKDYHSKDUPDFRG\QDPLFSURSHU- ist attractions of the spa towns and chances for the develop- WLHVSUHGRPLQDQWO\LQFOXGHLRGLGHVDQGRFFDVLRQDOO\LURQ PHQWRIKHDOWKWRXULVPLQWKHDUHDDUHHQXPHUDWHG
5 7KHUDSHXWLFZDWHUVDVJHRWRXULVPYDOXHVRIWKH3ROLVK%DOWLFVHDFRDVW
Geology and hydrogeology 7KH3UHFDPEULDQSODWIRUPLVDGLYHUVHJHRORJLFDOVWUXF- 7KH3ROLVK%DOWLF6HDFRDVWLVORFDWHGLQWKH3ROLVK/RZ- tural and hydrogeological unit located in the north-eastern ODQGZKHUHWKHUDSHXWLFDQGWKHUPDOVSULQJVRFFXUZLWKLQWZR part of Poland. This is the area where the deposits of the ODUJHUHJLRQVQDPHO\WKHSURYLQFHRIWKH3DOHR]RLFSODWIRUP FU\VWDOOLQHEDVHPHQWDUHWKHVKDOORZHVWLQWKH3ROLVK/RZODQGV DQGWKHSURYLQFHRIWKH3UHFDPEULDQSODWIRUP 3DF]\ĔVNL DQGDVLJQL¿FDQWUHGXFWLRQRIWKH0HVR]RLFURFNVLVUHFRUGHG 3áRFKQLHZVNL 0LQHUDOZDWHUVLQWKHDQDO\VHGDUHDDUH *HQHUDOO\WKLVSURYLQFHLVSRRULQPLQHUDOWKHUPDODQGPHGLFLQDO at different depths. Waters considered as therapeutic have ZDWHUV0LQHUDOZDWHUVRIWKH&O1DW\SH ±JGP3) PDLQO\EHHQIRXQGLQ&UHWDFHRXV-XUDVVLFDQG7ULDVVLFGH- DUHIRXQGLQWKH0HVR]RLFVHGLPHQWVRIWKHàHED8SOLIWDQG SRVLWV )LJ 0LQHUDOZDWHUVDUHDOVRFRPPRQLQROGHU WKH3HULEDOWLF6\QHFOLVHDQGWKHLUVDOLQLW\LVOLQNHGWRWKH aquifers. =HFKVWHLQGHSRVLWV:LWKLQWKHàHED8SOLIWZDWHURIWKH&O 1D,W\SHRIPLQHUDOLVDWLRQJGP3H[WUDFWHGLQ8VWND IURPWKH/RZHU3HUPLDQVDQGVWRQHVDQGFRQJORPHUDWHVZHUH FRQVLGHUHGDVWKHUDSHXWLF&XUUHQWO\WKHVHDUHQRWXWLOLVHG 7KHPDLQXWLOLVHGDTXLIHULQWKH3HULEDOWLF6\QHFOLVHLVWKDW LQWKH/RZHU7ULDVVLFVHGLPHQWV 6RSRW*GDĔVN-DVWDUQLD .U\QLFD0RUVND ,WLVPRVWIUHTXHQWO\IRXQGDWGHSWKVIURP WRPDQGLWVZDWHUV¶PLQHUDOLVDWLRQLVXVXDOO\IURP WRJGP3&XUUHQWO\EDVHGRQZDWHURIWKH&O1D ,W\SHWKHUHVRUWLQ6RSRWRSHUDWHVZKHUHWKHGDLO\\LHOGRI EULQHLVDERXWP3 (Fig. 3). ,QWKHGLVFXVVHGDUHDZLWKLQWKH3DOHR]RLFSODWIRUPWKHUH DUH3RPHUDQLDQ7URXJK3RPHUDQLDQ$QWLFOLQRULXPDQG 6]F]HFLQ7URXJK )LJ 7KLFN=HFKVWHLQVDOLQHVHULHVZLWK salt structures are found here. Within this province chloride- VRGLXPZDWHUVGRPLQDWH*HRORJLFDOVWUXFWXUHDQGIDXOWWHF- WRQLFVFRQWULEXWHWRWKHDVFHQWRIPLQHUDOLVHGFKORULGHZDWHUV ZKLFKVRPHWLPHVDSSHDURQWKHVXUIDFHRUQHDULW6XFKSKH- QRPHQDDUHNQRZQIRUH[DPSOHIURPWKHDUHDRI.DPLHĔ 3RPRUVNLDQG.RáREU]HJ 'RZJLDááR ZKHUHQDWXUDO brine springs were the basis for the production of table salt. As early as in the 9thF.RáREU]HJZDVDQLPSRUWDQWFRP- PHUFLDOFHQWUHWUDGLQJVDOWREWDLQHGIURPVDOWZRUNVEDVHGRQ EULQH VSULQJV $URXQG WKH PLG thFWUHDWPHQWEDVHG on brine water was introduced in coastal bathing sites such DV.RáREU]HJDQGĝZLQRXMĞFLH 7KHHQWLUHDUHDRIWKH3RPHUDQLDQ7URXJKLVGRPLQDWHGE\ FKORULGHZDWHUVDQGWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWDTXLIHUVDUHIRXQGLQ WKH/RZHU&UHWDFHRXVDQG-XUDVVLFVDQGVWRQHV:LWKLQWKH )LJ%ULQHVSULQJRQ6DOW,VOHLQ.RáREU]HJSKRW$.UDZLHF 3RPHUDQLDQ7URXJKLQWKH/RZHU&UHWDFHRXVVWUDWDWKHZDWHU ħUyGáRVRODQNRZHQD:\VSLH6ROQHMZ.RáREU]HJXIRW$.UDZLHF PLQHUDOLVDWLRQLVXVXDOO\DIHZWRVHYHUDOJGP3DQGWKHWHP- SHUDWXUHLVXSWR&7KH-XUDVVLFGHSRVLWVPDLQO\FRQWDLQ &O1DZDWHUV0LQHUDOLVDWLRQRIWKHVHZDWHUVLQFUHDVHVZLWK depth (Fig. 2). 7KHSUHVHQFHRIPLQHUDOLVHGZDWHUVZKLFKZHUHXVHG IRUUH¿QLQJVDOWDQGIRUWKHUDSHXWLFSXUSRVHVKDVEHHQ NQRZQLQWKHDUHDRIWKH3RPHUDQLDQ$QWLFOLQRULXPIRU FHQWXULHV7KHPDLQDTXLIHUZLWKLQWKH0HVR]RLFVWUDWD RFFXUVLQWKH(DUO\-XUDVVLF /LDVVLF VDQGVWRQHDQGLV DUHVHUYRLURIWKHSRUHW\SH:LWKLQWKH3RPHUDQLDQ$QWL- FOLQRULXPPHGLFLQDOZDWHUVDUHH[SORLWHGLQWKHVSDWRZQV RI.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNLDQG.RáREU]HJ)XUWKHUPRUHWKHUD- SHXWLFZDWHUVDUHIRXQGLQ']LZQyZHNDQG0LĊG]\ZRG]LH ,Q.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNLDQG.RáREU]HJWKHUDSHXWLFSHDWLV DOVRH[SORLWHG )LJ Natural brine springs and halophytic vegetation in the vi- FLQLW\RI.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNLKDYHEHHQNQRZQIRUDORQJWLPH )LJ%ULQHZHOO% %RJXVáDZ LQ.RáREU]HJSKRW$.UDZLHF 'RZJLDááR ,QWKH\HDUV±DERUHKROHEd- 8MĊFLHVRODQNL% %RJXVáDZ Z.RáREU]HJXIRW$.UDZLHF ward IZDVPDGHLQ.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNLZKLFKZDVRSHUDWHG
6 7KHUDSHXWLFZDWHUVDVJHRWRXULVPYDOXHVRIWKH3ROLVK%DOWLFVHDFRDVW
)LJ+HDOWKUHVRUWLQĝZLQRXMĞFLH±6ZDURĪ\FVSDFRPSOH[SKRW$.UDZLHF'RP=GURMRZ\6ZDURĪ\FZĝZLQRXMĞFLXIRW$.UDZLHF
E\WKHKHDOWKUHVRUWXQWLOWKHPLGV3UHVHQWO\WKHVSDLV LQFUHDVHVIURPWKHOLPEVRIWKHWURXJKWRZDUGVLWVD[LVDQG VXSSOLHGZLWK1D&O,EULQHRIPLQHUDOLVDWLRQJGP3 IURPWKHVRXWKWRWKHQRUWK,QĝZLQRXMĞFLHPHGLFLQDOZDWHUV IURPDQHZERUHKROHEdward III. The spa also owes current- RIWKH&O1D,)HW\SHDUHH[WUDFWHGIURPWKH/RZHU&UHWD- ly inactive wells -y]HILQ']LZQyZHNDQG.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNL FHRXVVWUDWD%ULQHRIPLQHUDOLVDWLRQDERXW±JGP3 is IG-1LQ0LĊG]\ZRG]LH7KHERUHKROH-y]HILQ']LZQyZHN SULPDULO\GUDZQIURPWKHERUHKROHJantarIURPWKHGHSWK H[SORLWVK\SRWKHUPDO &DWWKHIUHHÀRZ &O1D,)H ±P7KHEULQHZLWKVLPLODUFKDUDFWHULVWLFVLVDOVRH[- EULQHRIPLQHUDOLVDWLRQJGP3IURPWKHGHSWKRI± SORLWHGLQWKH*HUPDQVSDWRZQRI+HULQJVGRUIORFDWHGNP P7KHERUHKROH.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNL,*H[WUDFWV&O ZHVWRIĝZLQRXMĞFLH 1D,EULQHRIPLQHUDOLVDWLRQJGP3DQGWHPSHUDWXUH The use of therapeutic waters &IURPWKH0XVFKHONDONDQG.HXSHU GHSWKRI± P .UDZLHF )URPWKHERUHKROHWolin IG-1 in %DOQHRORJ\XVHVWKHSURSHUWLHVRIZDWHUVDQGSHDW 0LĊG]\]GURMH QRZFORVHG IURPWKH/LDVVLFOD\HUDWWKH $JURZLQJQXPEHURISHRSOHEHQH¿WIURPSUHYHQWLYHSURFH- GHSWK±P&O1DEULQHRIWKHPLQHUDOLVDWLRQRI GXUHVLQKHDOWKUHVRUWV6SDWRZQVDQGVDQDWRULDLQWURGXFH JGP3LVH[WUDFWHG PRGHUQIRUPVRIWUHDWPHQW,QUHFHQW\HDUVWKHUHKDVEHHQ ,QWKHFHQWUHRI.RáREU]HJRQWKH6DOW,VOHLQWKH3DUVĊWD DG\QDPLFGHYHORSPHQWRIVHUYLFHVVXFKDVVSDDQGZHOOQHVV 9DOOH\WKHUHDUHEULQHVSULQJV1RDQGRIPLQHUDOLVD- DZLGHUDQJHRIVXFKVHUYLFHVLVRIIHUHGSULPDULO\E\6RSRW WLRQDERXWJGP3 )LJ &XUUHQWO\LQ.RáREU]HJ&O1D DQG.RáREU]HJ ,DQG &O1D , )H ZDWHUV RI PLQHUDOLVDWLRQ IURP WR &RDVWDOUHVRUWVKDYHQDWXURSDWK\IDFLOLWLHVVDQDWRULD JGP 3DUHH[WUDFWHGIURPWKHERUHKROHVEmilia:DUFLVáDZ KRXVHVVSDKRVSLWDOVDQGKHDOWKDQGOHLVXUHFHQWUHV7KHPH- and $QDVWD]MD as well as B-1 (Barnim DQG% %RJXVáDZ) GLFLQDOSUR¿OHRIWKHFRDVWDOVSDWRZQVLQFOXGHVWKHIROORZLQJ )LJ LOOQHVVHVRUWKRSDHGLFWUDXPDWLFQHXURORJLFDOUKHXPDWR- 7KHPRVWSURPLVLQJDTXLIHUVLQWKHDUHDRIWKH6]F]HFLQ ORJLFDOFDUGLRORJLFDO LQFOXGLQJK\SHUWHQVLRQ RIXSSHUDQG 6\QFOLQRULXPDUHWKRVHLQWKH&UHWDFHRXVDQG-XUDVVLFVWUDWD ORZHUUHVSLUDWRU\WUDFWHQGRFULQRORJLFDO LQFOXGLQJWK\URLG 7KHVHDUHPRVWO\&O1DZDWHUVRIPLQHUDOLVDWLRQIURPVHY- JODQG GHUPDWRORJLFDOGLDEHWHVRVWHRSRURVLVDQGREHVLW\ HUDOWRPRUHWKDQJGP30LQHUDOLVDWLRQVXEVWDQWLDOO\ 3RQLNRZVND
7 7KHUDSHXWLFZDWHUVDVJHRWRXULVPYDOXHVRIWKH3ROLVK%DOWLFVHDFRDVW
&XUUHQWO\IRUPHGLFLQDODQGUHFUHDWLRQDOSXUSRVHVPLQ- HUDO&O1DZDWHUVIURPWKHLQWDNHVLQĝZLQRXMĞFLH.DPLHĔ 3RPRUVNL.RáREU]HJDQG6RSRWDUHXVHG 7DE %DVHGRQ WKHUDSHXWLFZDWHUVWKHSHUIRUPHGWUHDWPHQWVLQFOXGHEULQH EDWKVDQGSRROEDWKVDVZHOODVLQGLYLGXDODQGJURXSLQKDOD- WLRQV,QDGGLWLRQFRPPRQDUHSHDWFRPSUHVVHVDQGZUDSV DUWL¿FLDOPLQHUDOEDWKVK\GURWKHUDS\XQGHUZDWHUPDVVDJH SK\VLRWKHUDS\HOHFWURDQGSKRWRWKHUDS\FU\RWKHUDS\WKD- ODVVRWKHUDS\DQGSDUDI¿QFRPSUHVVHV
)LJ1XPEHURIYLVLWRUVLQKHDOWKUHVRUWVLQ:HVWHUQ3RPHUDQLDQ 9RLYRGHVKLSLQ± EDVHGRQ&HQWUDO6WDWLVWLFDO2I¿FH ±*86 /LF]EDRGZLHG]DMąF\FKX]GURZLVNDZZRMHZyG]WZLH]DRGZLHG]DMąF\FKX]GURZLVNDZZRMHZyG]WZLH]D- FKRGQLRSRPRUVNLPZODWDFK– QDSRGVWDZLHGDQ\FK*86
7DE&KDUDFWHULVWLFRIWKHUDSHXWLFJURXQGZDWHURIWKH3ROLVK%DOWLF&RDVW&KDUDNWHU\VW\NDZyGOHF]QLF]\FKSROVNLHJRZ\EU]HĪD%DáW\NX
Number of Characteristic of waters intakes Reserves** Locality / Depth Lithology / Stratigraphy zasoby TDS Chemical Temperature miejscowość liczba ujęć / litologia / stratygrafia eksploatacyjne mineralizacja type temperatura głębokość typ chemiczny mm3/h g/dm3oC
Province A: Precambrian platform / Prowincja A: platforma prekambryjska
1 sandstones / T Sopot * 1 44.0 42.0 Cl–Na, I 18 839 piaskowce
sandstones, 31.0 1 Ustka * conglomerates / P unexploited 34.3 Cl–Na, I 21 707 1 piaskowce, zlepieńce nieeksploatowane
Province B – Paleozoic platform / Prowincja B: platforma paleozoiczna
sands / Q 1.6 Cl-HCO -Na 8–12 piaski 3 7 sands, sandstones / J Kołobrzeg * 2 98.52 53.0-60.0 Cl–Na, I piaski, piaskowce 42-354 sandstones / J 1 60.0-61.0 Cl–Na, I, Fe piaskowce
Kamień 1 sandstones / J 1 15.0 34.0 Cl–Na, I 16 Pomorski * 400 piaskowce
30.0 1 sandstones / J Dziwnówek 1 unexploited 66.6 Cl–Na, I, Fe 21 790 piaskowce nieeksploatowane
sandstones, marls, 1.4 1 limestones / T Międzywodzie 2-3 unexploited 9.36 Cl–Na, I, Fe 14 18 1053 piaskowce, margle, – nieeksploatowane wapienie
3 sands / K Cl–Na, I, Fe Świnoujście * 1 23.8 43.0-45.0 15 240-275 piaski Cl–Na, I
±GHYHORSHGGHSRVLWV]áRĪD]DJRVSRGDURZDQH REMĊWHNRQFHVMąQDHNVSORDWDFMĊ ±5HVRXUFHVUHVHUYHVDIWHU3ROLVK*HRORJLFDO,QVWLWXWH±1DWLRQDO5HVHDUFK,QVWLWXWH]DVRE\ZJ3DĔVWZRZHJR,QVW\WXWX*HR- ORJLF]QHJR±3DĔVWZRZHJR,QVW\WXWX%DGDZF]HJR
8 7KHUDSHXWLFZDWHUVDVJHRWRXULVPYDOXHVRIWKH3ROLVK%DOWLFVHDFRDVW
%HVLGHVPHGLFLQDOYDOXHVKHDOWKUHVRUWVORFDWHGLQWKH there is an interesting geotourist object the Turquoise Lake FRDVWDODUHDVKRZWRXULVWYDOXH-XO\DQG$XJXVWDUHGRP- IRUPHGLQDIRUPHUFKDONSLW LQDWHGE\OHLVXUHDQGUHFUHDWLRQIXQFWLRQVZKLOHWKHVSD .RáREU]HJLVDOVRRQHRIWKHROGHVWWRZQVLQ3RPHUDQLDLW IXQFWLRQLVRQO\FRPSOHPHQWDU\7KLVW\SHRILQWHUGHSHQG- KDVDOUHDG\H[LVWHGLQWKHWKFZKHQDVWURQJKROGIXQF- HQFHVGHVFULEHGE\6áRPNDDQG.LFLĔVND DUHDOVR WLRQHGWKHUH.RáREU]HJZDVWKHFHQWUHRIVDOWSURGXFWLRQ NQRZQIURPWKHPRXQWDLQUHJLRQVVXFKDVWKHDUHDRI WUDGHDQG¿VKLQJ7KHUHDUHQXPHURXVYDOXDEOHPRQXPHQWV .U\QLFD WKHUHLQFOXGLQJWKHEDVLOLFDIRUWLHWKHUHPDLQVRIDQDQ- ,QWKHDUHDRIWKH.RáREU]HJKHDOWKUHVRUWZDWHUJantar of the FLHQWIRUWUHVVWKHWRZQKDOOZDWHUWRZHUDQGDOLJKWKRXVH 3 &O+&231D&DW\SHDQGPLQHUDOLVDWLRQRIJGP is bottled. 7KHVSDGLVWULFWKDVDFRDVWDOSDUNZLWKDSURPHQDGHDQG IHZ \HDUV DJR WKH SURGXFWLRQ RI PLQHUDO ZDWHU RI WKH DSLHUPORQJ 3 &O+&231DW\SHDQGWKHPLQHUDOLVDWLRQRIJGP known ,Q6RSRWWKHDWWUDFWLRQRIWKHVSDWRZQLVUDLVHGE\YLOODV as ‘The Pearl of the Baltic¶KDVHQGHG7KHVHLQWDNHVH[WUDFW guest houses and spa houses built in the 19th and early 20th WKHZDWHUIURP4XDWHUQDU\GHSRVLWVIURPWKHGHSWKRIDS- F%HVWNQRZQREMHFWVLQFOXGHWKH*UDQG+RWHOWKH)RUHVW SUR[LPDWHO\P 2SHUDDQGWKHKRUVHUDFHFRXUVH6RSRWKDVDSLHURQHRIWKH Spa tourism ORQJHVWLQ(XURSHDQGWKHORQJHVWLQ3RODQG RYHUP ORQJ ,WLVDZRRGHQFRQVWUXFWLRQZKLFKFRQQHFWVWRWKH5H- 2YHUWKHSDVWVHYHUDO\HDUVDJURZLQJLQWHUHVWLQVSDWRXU- VRUW6TXDUHDQGWKH6SD6TXDUH LVPZKLFKLVLGHQWL¿HGDVDUHFUHDWLRQDOYLVLWVWRVSDVKDV :KDWGHVHUYHVDWWHQWLRQLQ8VWNDLVWKHSURPHQDGHVXU- EHHQREVHUYHG'XULQJVXFKDVWD\RIWHQKDYLQJDSURSK\ODF- URXQGHGE\KLVWRULFYLOODDQGKRWHOEXLOGLQJVROGWRZQZLWK WLFQDWXUHIRUWKHUHJHQHUDWLRQRIWKHERG\QDWXUDOIDFWRUV DQXPEHURI¿VKLQJKXWVQHR*RWKLFFKXUFKDQGDOLJKW- VXFKDVZDWHUDQGFOLPDWHDUHXVHG7KLVW\SHRIWRXULVP KRXVH1HDUE\8VWNDWKH6áRZLĔVNL1DWLRQDO3DUNLVORFDWHG FRPELQHVKROLGD\ZLWKDVWD\LQWHQGHGWRLPSURYHKHDOWK,W ZLWKWKHODUJHVWFRPSOH[RIPLJUDWLQJGXQHVLQ&HQWUDO(X- LVWKHUHIRUHHVVHQWLDOWRFRPELQHIXQFWLRQVW\SLFDOIRUDVSD rope. WRZQZKLFKKDVIDFLOLWLHVIRUWUHDWPHQWDQGDFFRPPRGDWLRQ :KDWVKRXOGEHHPSKDVLVHGZKLOHDQDO\VLQJWKHGDWDFRQ- with the functions of a place which offers active recreation FHUQLQJWRXULVPLQVSDIDFLOLWLHVLVWKHDYHUDJHOHQJWKRIVWD\ DQGSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQFXOWXUDODQGHQWHUWDLQPHQWHYHQWV ZKLFKLVRYHUGD\V7KHVHDUHPRVWO\ORQJWHUPVWD\V7KH ,PSRUWDQWDWWUDFWLRQVIRUKHDOWKWRXULVPSULPDULO\LQFOXGH DQDO\VLVRIWKHXVHRIDFFRPPRGDWLRQLQVSDIDFLOLWLHVGHP- QDWXUDOHQYLURQPHQWVXFKDVQDWXUDOUHVRXUFHVFOLPDWHDQG RQVWUDWHVWKDWLWLVPXFKKLJKHUWKDQLQRWKHUWRXULVWIDFLOLWLHV ODQGVFDSHDVZHOODVFXOWXUDODQGVRFLDODWWUDFWLRQVORFDWHG RQWKHFRDVWDQGH[FHHGV 6DZLĔVND 7KHQXPEHU in the area. The quality and attractiveness of stay is also in- of people using spa facilities is gradually increasing. In ÀXHQFHGE\WRXULVWLQIUDVWUXFWXUHWUHDWPHQW WKHUDSHXWLF ±WKLVQXPEHUIRUVSDVLQ:HVWHUQ3RPHUDQLDH[- IDFLOLWLHVDFFRPPRGDWLRQDQGFDWHULQJ FHHGHGYLVLWRUV )LJ DQGWKHHIIHFWLYHQHVVRIDF- *URZLQJVSDWRXULVPFRQWULEXWHVWRLQFUHDVHGHFRQRPLF FRPPRGDWLRQFDSDFLW\UHDFKHG GHYHORSPHQWRIDJLYHQWRZQ7KLVUHVXOWVLQIDVWHUJURZWK ,Q.RáREU]HJZKLFKLVWKHODUJHVWVHDVLGHUHVRUWLQ DQGPRGHUQLVDWLRQRIWKHKRWHODQGWKHUDSHXWLFEDVHRIDVSD 3RODQGDFFRPPRGDWHGQHDUO\SHRSOHRIZKLFKRYHU ,QFUHDVLQJQXPEHURIKHDOWKUHVRUWYLVLWRUVDOVRDIIHFWVWKH ZHUHIRUHLJQYLVLWRUV QXPEHURILVVXHGWUHDWPHQWVDQGWKXVWKHLQWHQVLW\ZLWK Conclusions ZKLFKWKHQDWXUDOUHVRXUFHVVXFKDVPHGLFLQDOZDWHUDQG WKHUDSHXWLFSHDWDUHXVHG,QWKHVWXG\DUHDWKHUHDUHH[FHO- %ULQHVSULQJVDQGLQFUHDVHGDVFHQWRIEULQHVIURPWKHVXE- OHQWFOLPDWLFFRQGLWLRQVDQGULFKGHSRVLWVRIPLQHUDOZDWHUV VWUDWH .RáREU]HJDQG.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNL DQGHDV\DFFHVVWR DQGSHORLGVĝZLQRXMĞFLHDVZHOODV.RáREU]HJ6RSRWDQG WKHGHSRVLWVRISHORLGVLHSHDW GHSRVLWVRIPHGLFLQDOSHDW .DPLHĔ 3RPRUVNL KDYH ULFK IDFLOLW\ EDVH IRU UHFUHDWLRQ LQ.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNL.RáREU]HJ8VWND'ąENL NQRZQIRU DQGPHGLFLQDOWUHDWPHQWDQGDUHLPSRUWDQWFHQWUHVIRUGR- FHQWXULHVKDGDPDMRULPSDFWRQWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIVSD PHVWLFDQGIRUHLJQWRXULVP &KRZDQLHF=XEHU 7KHVH towns. The oldest health resorts found in the coastal area WRZQVKDYHDULFKKLVWRU\SUHVHUYHGLQPRQXPHQWVRIWKHROG ZHUHEDVHGXSRQEULQHVIURPZKLFKIRUPRUHWKDQ infrastructure and spa architecture. \HDUVVDOWKDVEHHQUH¿QHG .RáREU]HJ 7KLVDUHDLVGRPL- ĝZLQRXMĞFLHLVSURXGRILWVVSDSDUNZKLFKLVDµQDWXUH QDWHGE\ZDWHUVRIWKH&O1DW\SHDQGDPRQJWKHVSHFL¿F PRQXPHQW¶DQGWKHFRDVWDOVSDTXDUWHUZLWKEXLOGLQJVIURP FRPSRQHQWV RI SKDUPDFRG\QDPLF UHOHYDQFH LRGLGHV DQG the late 19th and early 20thF )LJ $QLPSRUWDQWDWWUDFWLRQ VRPHWLPHVLURQDUHGRPLQDQW,QWKLVUHJLRQWKHUHDUHDOVR RIWKHVSDWRZQDUHPDJQL¿FHQWFRDVWDOEHDFKHV DQXPEHURIPHGLFLQDOSHDWGHSRVLWVGRFXPHQWHGLQ.DPLHĔ .DPLHĔ3RPRUVNLLVRQHRIWKHROGHVWWRZQVLQ:HVWHUQ 3RPRUVNL.RáREU]HJ8VWNDDQG'ąENL 3RPHUDQLD7KHUHDUHDQXPEHURIKLVWRULFDOPRQXPHQWV &O1DZDWHUVZKLFKRFFXULQWKHDUHDLQVSLWHRIWKHLUKHDO- KHUHVXFKDVWKH5RPDQHVTXH*RWKLFFDWKHGUDOZLWKLWVID- LQJSURSHUWLHVDUHVWLOOQRWIXOO\H[SORLWHG7KHRSHUDWLQJ PRXVEDURTXHRUJDQVWKH*RWKLFWRZQKDOOWKH(SLVFRSDO ERUHKROHV LQ .DPLHĔ 3RPRUVNL .RáREU]HJ 6RSRW DQG PDQRUKRXVHDQGWKHGHIHQVLYHZDOOVZLWKWKH:ROLQ*DWH ĝZLQRXMĞFLHGUDZRQO\DVPDOOSHUFHQWDJHRIWKHFRQ¿UPHG %HWZHHQĝZLQRXMĞFLHDQG.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNLWKH:ROLQ1D- UHVRXUFHV 7DE 7KH ZHOOV H[LVWLQJ LQ ']LZQyZHN tional Park is located with the highest cliff shore in Poland 0LĊG]\ZRG]LH0LĊG]\]GURMH8VWNDDQG.U\QLFD0RUVNDRU DQGQDWXUHUHVHUYHVZLWKXQLTXHÀRUDDQGIDXQD,Q:DSQLFD LQWKHYLFLQLW\RI0LHOQR8VWURQLH0RUVNLHDUHVWLOOQRWXVHG
9 7KHUDSHXWLFZDWHUVDVJHRWRXULVPYDOXHVRIWKH3ROLVK%DOWLFVHDFRDVW
,QWKLVDUHDWKHUHLVWKHUHIRUHDJUHDWSRWHQWLDOIRUZLGHUXVH RXWWKH\HDU,QW\SLFDOKROLGD\GHVWLQDWLRQVWKHXVHRIWRXULVW RIWKHWKHUDSHXWLFZDWHUVIURPWKHDOUHDG\XVHGUHVRXUFHVRU IDFLOLWLHVLVPRVWO\OLPLWHGWRWKHWZRVXPPHUPRQWKV -XO\ IURPWKRVHSUHVHQWO\LQGLVXVHGPLQHUDOZDWHULQWDNHV DQG$XJXVW ZKLOHLQKHDOWKUHVRUWVDVLJQL¿FDQWSDUWRIVXFK The towns where naturopathy health centres operate ben- REMHFWVRSHUDWHV\HDUURXQG0RUHRYHU3ROLVKVHDVLGHKHDOWK H¿WIURPFHQWXULHVRIWUDGLWLRQRIWUDYHOOLQJ³WRWKHZDWHUV´ resorts accept a growing percentage of foreign tourists $VVWXGLHVGHPRQVWUDWH 6DZLĔVND WKHDFFRPPRGD- PRVWO\IURP*HUPDQ\DQG6ZHGHQ ZKLFKLVSDUWLFXODUO\ WLRQEDVHLQVXFKORFDOLWLHVLVPXFKEHWWHUH[SORLWHGWKURXJK- HYLGHQWLQĝZLQRXMĞFLH.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNLDQG.RáREU]HJ
Streszczenie UDOQH Z\VWĊSXMą WDNĪH SRZV]HFKQLH ZVWDUV]\FK SLĊWUDFK Wody lecznicze ZRGRQRĞQ\FK%XGRZDJHRORJLF]QDLWHNWRQLNDXVNRNRZD jako walory geoturystyczne SU]\F]\QLDMąVLĊGRDVFHQ]ML]PLQHUDOL]RZDQ\FKZyGFKORU- NRZ\FKNWyUHQLHNLHG\SRMDZLDMąVLĊQDSRZLHU]FKQLOXE SROVNLHJRZ\EU]HĪD%DáW\NX ZMHMSREOLĪX=MDZLVNDWDNLH]QDQHVąQS]UHMRQX.DPLHQLD Arkadiusz Krawiec 3RPRUVNLHJRF]\.RáREU]HJX )LJ'RZJLDááR 1D- :VWĊS WXUDOQHZ\Sá\Z\ĨUyGHáVRODQNRZ\FKVWDQRZLá\WDPSRGVWD- 1DREV]DU]H3ROVNL]QDMGXMąVLĊPLHMVFRZRĞFLPDMąFH ZĊGRSURGXNFMLVROLNXFKHQQHM-XĪZ,;Z.RáREU]HJE\á VWDWXVX]GURZLVND6]HĞü]QLFKSRáRĪRQ\FKMHVWZVWUH¿H ZDĪQ\PRĞURGNLHPKDQGOXVROąX]\VNLZDQą]ZDU]HOQLGR Z\EU]HĪD0RU]D%DáW\FNLHJR6ąWRĝZLQRXMĞFLH.DPLHĔ NWyU\FKZ\NRU]\VW\ZDQRĨUyGáDVRODQNRZH2NRáRSRáRZ\ 3RPRUVNL.RáREU]HJL'ąENL]QDMGXMąFHVLĊQDWHUHQLHZRMH- ;,;ZUR]SRF]ąáVLĊUR]ZyMOHF]QLFWZDRSDUWHJRQDVRODQ- ZyG]WZD]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHJRRUD]8VWNDL6RSRWZZRMH- NDFK=DF]Ċá\RQHE\üZ\NRU]\VW\ZDQHZNąSLHOLVNDFKQDG- ZyG]WZLHSRPRUVNLP )LJ 1DLFKSRZVWDQLHLORNDOL]DFMĊ PRUVNLFKMDN.RáREU]HJF]\ĝZLQRXMĞFLH ZSá\Z PLDáR Z\VWĊSRZDQLH ]áyĪ QDWXUDOQ\FK VXURZFyZ 3URZLQFMDSODWIRUP\SUHNDPEU\MVNLHMMHVWXERJDZZRG\ OHF]QLF]\FK VRODQNLERURZLQ\ RUD]OHF]QLF]HZáDĞFLZRĞFL PLQHUDOQHWHUPDOQHLOHF]QLF]H:RG\PLQHUDOQHW\SX&O±1D NOLPDWXQDGPRUVNLHJR ±JGP3 ZXWZRUDFKPH]R]RLF]Q\FKZ\VWĊSXMąZRE- =DOHF]QLF]HXZDĪDVLĊQLH]DQLHF]\V]F]RQHSRGZ]JOĊGHP UĊELHZ\QLHVLHQLDàHE\LREQLĪHQLDSHU\EDáW\FNLHJRDLFK FKHPLF]Q\PLPLNURELRORJLF]Q\PZRG\SRG]LHPQHRQDWX- ]DVROHQLH]ZLą]DQHMHVW]RVDGDPLFHFKV]W\QX:REUĊELH UDOQHM]PLHQQRĞFLFHFK¿]\F]Q\FKLFKHPLF]Q\FK.DĪGD Z\QLHVLHQLDàHE\]DOHF]QLF]H]RVWDá\X]QDQHZRG\W\SX&O± ZRGDPLQHUDOQD RPLQHUDOL]DFMLJGP3 PRĪHE\üZRGą 1D-RPLQHUDOL]DFMLJGP3]SLDVNRZFyZL]OHSLHĔFyZ OHF]QLF]ąEH]Z]JOĊGXQDWRF]\]DZLHUDVNáDGQLNLVZRLVWH SHUPXGROQHJRZ8VWFH2EHFQLHQLHVąRQHXĪ\WNRZDQH 5R]SRU]ąG]HQLH« =DOHF]QLF]ąPRĪHE\üX]QDQD :REQLĪHQLXSHU\EDáW\FNLPZRSDUFLXRSURFHQWRZą WDNĪHZRGDVáDER]PLQHUDOL]RZDQD]DZLHUDMąFDFRQDMPQLHM ZRGĊW\SX&O±1D-G]LDáD8]GURZLVNR6RSRWJG]LHG]LHQQLH MHGHQVNáDGQLNVZRLVW\LOXEFKDUDNWHU\]XMąFDVLĊWHPSHUD- SRELHUDVLĊRNRáRP3 solanki (Fig. 3). WXUąSRZ\ĪHMoC (Tab. 1). :REUĊELHSODWIRUP\SDOHR]RLF]QHMGRPLQXMąZRG\FKORU- 'RVRODQHN]DOLF]DP\ZRG\RPLQHUDOL]DFMLRJyOQHMZ\- NRZRVRGRZH1DREV]DU]HQLHFNLSRPRUVNLHM]DQDMZDĪQLHM- QRV]ąFHMFRQDMPQLHMJGP3NWyUHMJáyZQ\PLVNáDGQLNDPL V]HX]QDüQDOHĪ\SR]LRP\ZRGRQRĞQHZSLDVNRZFDFKNUHG\ VąMRQ\FKORUNRZ\VRGRZ\LZDSQLRZ\1DMZLĊNV]H]DVRE\ GROQHMLMXU\:REUĊELHZDUVWZNUHG\GROQHMZRG\PDMąQDM- W\FKZyGZ3ROVFH]QDMGXMąVLĊQDWHUHQLH1LĪX3ROVNLHJR F]ĊĞFLHMPLQHUDOL]DFMĊNLONX±NLONXQDVWXJUDPQDGHF\PHWU :RG\WHVąGREU]HUR]SR]QDQHL]EDGDQHSRGZ]JOĊGHPFKH- V]HĞFLHQQ\LWHPSHUDWXUĊGR&0LQHUDOL]DFMDW\FKZyG PLF]Q\P6RODQNLVąSRZV]HFKQLHZ\NRU]\VW\ZDQHZEDO- Z]UDVWDZUD]]JáĊERNRĞFLą )LJ QHRORJLLZZLĊNV]RĞFLX]GURZLVNSRáRĪRQ\FKQDREV]DU]H :\VWĊSRZDQLHZyG]PLQHUDOL]RZDQ\FKNWyUHZ\NRU]\- 1LĪX3ROVNLHJR VW\ZDQHE\á\GRZDU]HQLDVROLLGRFHOyZOHF]QLF]\FKQDRE- &HOHPSUDF\MHVWSU]HGVWDZLHQLHZDUXQNyZZ\VWĊSRZD- V]DU]HDQW\NOLQRULXPSRPRUVNLHJR]QDQHMHVWRGZLHNyZ QLDLPRĪOLZRĞFLZ\NRU]\VWDQLDZyGOHF]QLF]\FKQDSROVNLP *áyZQ\SR]LRPZRGRQRĞQ\Z\VWĊSXMHZSLDVNRZFDFKOLDVX Z\EU]HĪX0RU]D%DáW\FNLHJR:SUDF\RPyZLRQRJáyZQH L]QLHJRVąHNVSORDWRZDQHZRG\OHF]QLF]HZX]GURZLVNDFK ZDORU\WXU\VW\F]QHPLHMVFRZRĞFLX]GURZLVNRZ\FKQDW\P .DPLHĔ3RPRUVNLL.RáREU]HJ3RQDGWRZRG\OHF]QLF]HZ\- REV]DU]HRUD]SU]HGVWDZLRQRPRĪOLZRĞüZ\NRU]\VWDQLDZyG VWĊSXMą ZPLHMVFRZRĞFLDFK ']LZQyZHN L0LĊG]\ZRG]LH leczniczych dla rozwoju turystyki uzdrowiskowej. :.DPLHQLX3RPRUVNLPL.RáREU]HJXHNVSORDWXMHVLĊWDNĪH Budowa geologiczna i warunki hydrogeologiczne GRFHOyZOHF]QLF]\FKERURZLQĊ )LJ 6WUHIDSROVNLHJRZ\EU]HĪD%DáW\NXSRáRĪRQDMHVWQDRE- 2EHFQLH8]GURZLVNR.DPLHĔ3RPRUVNL]DRSDWU\ZDQHMHVW V]DU]H1LĪX3ROVNLHJRJG]LHZRG\OHF]QLF]HLWHUPDOQHZ\- ZVRODQNĊ1D&O-RPLQHUDOL]DFMLJGP3 z odwiertu VWĊSXMąZREUĊELHGZyFKGXĪ\FKUHJLRQyZZyGPLQHUDOQ\FK Ä(GZDUG ,,,´ 8]GURZLVNR G\VSRQXMH WDNĪH QLHF]\QQ\PL WMSURZLQFMLSODWIRUP\SDOHR]RLF]QHMRUD]SURZLQFMLSODWIRU- REHFQLHRGZLHUWDPLÄ-y]HI´Z']LZQyZNXLÄ.DPLHĔ3RPRU- P\SUHNDPEU\MVNLHM 3DF]\ĔVNL3áRFKQLHZVNL :RG\ VNL,*´Z0LĊG]\ZRG]LX2WZRUHPÄ-y]HI´Z']LZQyZNX PLQHUDOQHQDDQDOL]RZDQ\PREV]DU]HZ\VWĊSXMąQDUyĪQ\FK ]JáĊERNRĞFL±PXMĊWRKLSRWHUPDOQą RWHPSHUDWX- JáĊERNRĞFLDFK:RG\X]QDQH]DOHF]QLF]HVWZLHUG]RQRJáyZ- rze 21o&SU]\VZRERGQ\PZ\Sá\ZLHZRG\ VRODQNĊ&O1D- QLHZRVDGDFKNUHG\MXU\RUD]WULDVX )LJ :RG\PLQH- )HRPLQHUDOL]DFMLJGP3 =XMĊFLD .DPLHĔ 3RPRUVNL
10 7KHUDSHXWLFZDWHUVDVJHRWRXULVPYDOXHVRIWKH3ROLVK%DOWLFVHDFRDVW
,*]ZDUVWZZDSLHQLDPXV]ORZHJRRUD]NDMSUX JáĊE JDQL]PXZ\NRU]\VWXMHVLĊF]\QQLNLQDWXUDOQHWDNLHMDNZRGD ±P PRĪQDSRELHUDüVRODQNĊ&O1D-RPLQHUDOL]DFML F]\NOLPDW7HQURG]DMWXU\VW\NLáąF]\Z\SRF]\QHN]SRE\- JGP3LWHPSHUDWXU]H±o& .UDZLHF :0LĊ- WHPPDMąF\PQDFHOXSROHSV]HQLHVWDQX]GURZLD1LH]EĊGQH dzyzdrojach z otworu Wolin IG-1 (obecnie nieczynny) MHVW]DWHPSRáąF]HQLHW\SRZ\FKIXQNFMLX]GURZLVNDG\VSR- ]ZDUVWZOLDVX]JáĊERNRĞFL±PPRĪQDSR]\VNDü QXMąFHJRED]ą]DELHJRZąLQRFOHJRZą]IXQNFMDPLPLHMVFR- ZRGĊW\SX&O±1DRPLQHUDOL]DFMLJGP3. ZRĞFLRIHUXMąFHMPRĪOLZRĞüDNW\ZQHJRZ\SRF]\QNX :FHQWUXP.RáREU]HJXZGROLQLH3DUVĊW\QD:\VSLH XF]HVWQLF]HQLDZLPSUH]DFKRFKDUDNWHU]HNXOWXUDOQ\PF]\ 6ROQHM]QDMGXMąVLĊĨUyGáDVRODQNRZHQULRPLQHUDOL]D- UR]U\ZNRZ\P FMLRNRáRJGP3 )LJ 2EHFQLHZ.RáREU]HJXGRFHOyZ 5R]ZyMWXU\VW\NLX]GURZLVNRZHMSU]\F]\QLDVLĊGRZLĊN- OHF]QLF]\FKZ\NRU]\VWXMHVLĊZRG\&O1D-RUD]&O1D- V]HJRUR]ZRMXJRVSRGDUF]HJRGDQHMPLHMVFRZRĞFL']LĊNL )HRPLQHUDOL]DFMLRGGRJGP3]XMĊüÄ(PLOLD´Ä:DU- WHPXQDVWĊSXMHV]\EV]DUR]EXGRZDLPRGHUQL]DFMDED]\]DELH- FLVáDZ´Ä$QDVWD]MD´RUD]% Ä%DUQLP´ L% Ä%RJX- JRZHMLKRWHORZHM=ZLĊNV]HQLHOLF]E\NXUDFMXV]\ZSá\ZD VáDZ´ )LJ UyZQLHĪQDOLF]EĊĞZLDGF]RQ\FK]DELHJyZDW\PVDP\PQD 1DREV]DU]HV\QNOLQRULXPV]F]HFLĔVNLHJR]DQDMEDUG]LHM LQWHQV\ZQRĞüZ\NRU]\VWDQLD]DVREyZZyGOHF]QLF]\FKF]\ SHUVSHNW\ZLF]QHX]QDZDQHVąSR]LRP\ZRGRQRĞQHZREUĊ- ERURZLQ1DUR]SDWU\ZDQ\PREV]DU]HZ\VWĊSXMąGRVNRQDáH ELHZDUVWZNUHG\LMXU\:\VWĊSXMąWXWDMSU]HZDĪQLHZRG\ ZDUXQNL NOLPDW\F]QH RUD] ERJDWH ]áRĪD ZyG OHF]QLF]\FK W\SX&O1DRPLQHUDOL]DFMLRGNLONXGRSRQDGJGP3. LSHORLGyZ=DUyZQRĝZLQRXMĞFLHMDNL.RáREU]HJ6RSRWF]\ 0LQHUDOL]DFMDZ]UDVWDRGVNU]\GHáQLHFNLZNLHUXQNXMHMRVL .DPLHĔ3RPRUVNLG\VSRQXMąERJDWąED]ąZ\SRF]\QNRZR RUD]]SRáXGQLDQDSyáQRF:ĝZLQRXMĞFLX]ZDUVWZNUHG\ OHF]QLF]ąLVąZDĪQ\PLRĞURGNDPLWXU\VW\NLNUDMRZHML]DJUD- GROQHMHNVSORDWRZDQHVąZRG\OHF]QLF]HW\SX&O±1D-)H QLF]QHM0LHMVFRZRĞFLWHPDMąERJDWąKLVWRULĊRNWyUHMĞZLDG- RPLQHUDOL]DFMLRNRáR±JGP3. F]ą]DE\WNLVWDUHMLQIUDVWUXNWXU\LDUFKLWHNWXU\]GURMRZHM Wykorzystanie wód leczniczych :\VWĊSXMąFHQDW\PREV]DU]HZRG\W\SX&O1DPLPR %DOQHRORJLDZ\NRU]\VWXMHZáDĞFLZRĞFLZyG )LJ)LJ VZ\FKOHF]QLF]\FKZáDĞFLZRĞFLQDGDOQLHVąZSHáQLZ\NR- RUD]ERURZLQ )LJ 'RPLHMVFRZRĞFLX]GURZLVNRZ\FK U]\VW\ZDQH (NVSORDWRZDQH XMĊFLD Z.DPLHQLX 3RPRU- SU]\MHĪGĪDFRUD]ZLĊFHMRVyENRU]\VWDMąF\FK]]DELHJyZ VNLP.RáREU]HJXĝZLQRXMĞFLXF]\6RSRFLHSRELHUDMą]D- RFKDUDNWHU]HSUR¿ODNW\F]Q\P&RUD]F]ĊĞFLHMZSURZDG]D OHGZLHNLONDSURFHQW]DWZLHUG]RQ\FK]DVREyZHNVSORDWD- VLĊQRZRF]HVQHIRUP\OHF]HQLDG\QDPLF]QLHUR]ZLMDMąVLĊ F\MQ\FK 7DE 'DOHMQLHVąZ\NRU]\VWDQHLVWQLHMąFHXMĊ- XVáXJLW\SXVSDLZHOOQHVVDERJDWąRIHUWĊWHJRW\SXXVáXJ FLDZ']LZQyZNX0LĊG]\ZRG]LX0LĊG]\]GURMDFK8VWFH RIHUXMHJáyZQLH6RSRWL.RáREU]HJ:QDGPRUVNLFKPLHMVFR- .U\QLF\0RUVNLHMF]\WHĪZUHMRQLH0LHOQR±8VWURQLH0RU- ZRĞFLDFKX]GURZLVNRZ\FKG]LDáDMą]DNáDG\SU]\URGROHF]QL- VNLH1DREV]DU]HW\PZ\VWĊSXMą]DWHPGXĪHPRĪOLZRĞFL F]HVDQDWRULDLV]SLWDOHX]GURZLVNRZHRUD]RĞURGNLOHF]QL- V]HUV]HJRZ\NRU]\VWDQLDLVWQLHMąF\FK]DVREyZZyGOHF]QL- F]RZ\SRF]\QNRZH3UR¿OOHF]QLF]\REHMPXMHJáyZQLH F]\FKOXEWHĪXUXFKRPLHQLDLVWQLHMąF\FKDREHFQLHQLH- FKRURE\RUWRSHG\F]QRXUD]RZHXNáDGXQHUZRZHJRUHXPD- F]\QQ\FKXMĊüZyGPLQHUDOQ\FK WRORJLF]QHNDUGLRORJLF]QH ZW\PQDGFLĞQLHQLH JyUQ\FK 0LHMVFRZRĞFLZNWyU\FKIXQNFMRQXMąSU]\URGROHF]QLF]H LGROQ\FKGUyJRGGHFKRZ\FKHQGRNU\QRORJLF]QH ZW\PWDU- ]DNáDG\X]GURZLVNRZHNRU]\VWDMą]ZLHORZLHNRZHMWUDG\FML F]\F\ VNyU\FXNU]\FĊRVWHRSRUR]ĊLRW\áRĞü 3RQLNRZVND Z\MD]GXÄGRZyG´-DNZ\ND]XMąEDGDQLD 6DZLĔVND ZPLHMVFRZRĞFLDFKW\FKED]DQRFOHJRZDMHVWZ]QDF]QLHOH- :PLHMVFRZRĞFLDFKX]GURZLVNRZ\FKSRáRĪRQ\FKZRE- SLHMZ\NRU]\VWDQDZFLąJXFDáHJRURNX:PLHMVFRZRĞFLDFK V]DU]HQDGPRUVNLPRSUyF]ZDORUyZOHF]QLF]\FK ]GURZRW- W\SRZRZ\SRF]\QNRZ\FKREFLąĪHQLHLG]LDáDOQRĞüRELHNWyZ Q\FK EDUG]RZDĪQąUROĊRGJU\ZDMąWDNĪHZDORU\WXU\VW\F]- WXU\VW\F]Q\FKVSURZDG]DVLĊJáyZQLHGRGZyFKPLHVLĊF\ QH6]F]HJyOQLHZRNUHVLHOLSFDLVLHUSQLDGRPLQXMHWXWDM OHWQLFK OLSLHFLVLHUSLHĔ QDWRPLDVWWDPJG]LHG]LDáDMą]DNáD- IXQNFMDZ\SRF]\QNRZDLUHNUHDF\MQDNWyUąZyZF]DVX]X- G\OHF]QLFWZDX]GURZLVNRZHJR]QDF]QDF]ĊĞüW\FKRELHNWyZ SHáQLDIXQNFMDX]GURZLVNRZD:FLąJXRVWDWQLFKNLONXODW PDFKDUDNWHUFDáRURF]Q\:QDGPRUVNLFKPLHMVFRZRĞFLDFK REVHUZXMHVLĊZ]URVW]DLQWHUHVRZDQLDWXU\VW\NąX]GURZLVNR- X]GURZLVNRZ\FKFRUD]ZLĊNV]\MHVWWDNĪHSURFHQWRZ\XG]LDá ZąNWyUDMHVWLGHQW\¿NRZDQDMDNRZ\MD]G\Z\SRF]\QNRZH WXU\VWyZ]]DJUDQLF\ JáyZQLH]1LHPLHFL6]ZHFML FR GRPLHMVFRZRĞFLX]GURZLVNRZ\FK3RGF]DVWDNLHJRSRE\WX V]F]HJyOQLHZLGRF]QHMHVWZĝZLQRXMĞFLX6RSRFLH.RáR- PDMąFHJRF]ĊVWRFKDUDNWHUSUR¿ODNW\F]Q\GRUHJHQHUDFMLRU- EU]HJXF]\.DPLHQLX3RPRUVNLP
References (Literatura) &KRZDQLHF-=XEHU$7RXULVWLFJHRDWWUDFWLRQVRI3ROLVK6SDV K\GURJHRFKHPLVWU\ HG-'RZJLDááR F],,Studia Geologica Poloni- 3U]HJOąG*HRORJLF]Q\± ca± &LĊĪNRZVNL:&KRZDQLHF-*yUHFNL:.UDZLHF$5DMFKHO/=X- .RODJR&:RG\PLQHUDOQHZRMHZyG]WZDV]F]HFLĔVNLHJRLSHUVSHN- EHU$0LQHUDODQGWKHUPDOZDWHUVRI3RODQG3U]HJOąG*HROR- tywy ich wykorzystania. 3U]HJOąG=DFKRGQLR3RPRUVNL± JLF]Q\± .UDZLHF$6WXGLXPK\GURJHRORJLF]QHZyGOHF]QLF]\FKDQW\NOLQR- 'RZJLDááR-6RODQNL3RPRU]D=DFKRGQLHJR6]F]HFLĔVNLH7RZDU]\- ULXPNXMDZVNRSRPRUVNLHJR 3K'GLVVHUWDWLRQ $UFK80.7RUXĔ VWZR1DXNRZH6]F]HFLQ 3DF]\ĔVNL%3áRFKQLHZVNL=:RG\PLQHUDOQHLOHF]QLF]H3ROVNL. .DF]RU'7KHVDOLQLW\RIJURXQGZDWHULQ0HVR]RLFDQG&HQR]RLF 3DĔVWZ,QVW*HRO:DUV]DZD aquifers of NW Poland – origin and evolution. In: Hydrogeology and 3RQLNRZVND,Kompendium balneologii:\G$0DUV]DáHN
11 7KHUDSHXWLFZDWHUVDVJHRWRXULVPYDOXHVRIWKH3ROLVK%DOWLFVHDFRDVW
5R]SRU]ąG]HQLH5DG\0LQLVWUyZ]GQLDOXWHJRUZVSUDZLH]áyĪ 6DZLĔVND$3URGXNWWXU\VW\NLX]GURZLVNRZHMMDNRPDUNRZ\ ZyGSRG]LHPQ\FK]DOLF]RQ\FKGRVRODQHNZyGOHF]QLF]\FKLWHUPDO- SURGXNWWXU\VW\F]Q\ZRMHZyG]WZD]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHJREkonomic- Q\FKRUD]]áyĪLQQ\FKNRSDOLQOHF]QLF]\FKDWDNĪH]DOLF]HQLDNRSDOLQ ]QHSUREOHP\WXU\VW\NL8QLZ6]F]HF± SRVSROLW\FK]RNUHĞORQ\FK]áyĪOXEMHGQRVWHNJHRORJLF]Q\FKGRNRSDOLQ 6áRPND7.LFLĔVND$7XU\VW\NDX]GURZLVNRZDLUHNUHDFMDMDNR SRGVWDZRZ\FK ']81USR]]SyĨQLHMV]\PL]PLDQD- podstawa nowoczesnego produktu uzdrowiskowego. XVIII Kongres PL 8]GURZLVN3ROVNLFK0XV]\QD±
12