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VGCF®, VGCF®-H (Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber) 2010/06/29, 1/8

SHOWA DENKO K.K.

1-13-9, Shiba Daimon Minato-Ku, Tokyo 105-8518 Japan Date prepared: February 29, 1996 Date revised: June 29, 2010

MATERIAL DATA SHEET

1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product name : VGCF®, VGCF®-H (Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber)

Company name : SHOWA DENKO K.K. Address : 1-13-9 Shiba Daimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan Section : Fine Carbon Department, Inorganics Sector Phone number : +81-3-5470-3149 Facsimile number : +81-3-3431-6924 Emergency phone number : +81-44-344-0613 VC Section, Production Department, Kawasaki Plant, Chemicals Sector MSDS number : CA-JP200

2. IDENTIFICATION GHS Classification : Physico-chemical hazards : Not classified Health Hazards : Acute (Inhalation: Dusts and Mists) Category 4 Environmental Hazards : Not classified

GHS Label Elements Pictogram or : Symbol

Signal Word : Warning Statement : Harmful if inhaled. Cautionary : (Prevention) Statements Avoid dust. Wear protective equipment to prevent inhalation when handling this material. Take appropriate measures to avoid generating dust. (Response) IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Have the victim gargle with water and thoroughly rinse the inside of the mouth. Call a doctor/physician if you feel unwell. Other hazards not : The substance may ignite when exposed to heat, sparks, or flames. included in the GHS classification

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3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Single substance or mixture : Single substance Common chemical name (generic name) : Multiwall carbon nanotube Synonyms : Vapor grown carbon fiber Chemical properties (chemical formula or : Cx structural formula): CAS No. : None Pre-manufacturing notice submitted to US EPA. Consent order received from EPA. CAS No. scheduled to be obtained. PMN No. P08-0733 Content : C: Not less than 99% Including nanomaterials based on in-house standards Publication number in Japanese official : Not applicable because the material is an element. gazette (Law Concerning the Examination and Regulation of the Manufacture, etc. of Chemical Substances; Chemical Substances Control Law) Publication number in Japanese official : Not applicable because the material is an element. gazette (Industrial Safety and Health Act)

4. FIRST-AID MEASURES Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air. Have the victim gargle with water and thoroughly rinse the inside of the mouth. Skin contact : Wash off with water and soap. If contamination cannot be rinsed off readily, apply cleansing cream and wipe off with a soft cloth. Seek medical attention, if necessary. Eye contact : Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes. Avoid rubbing the eyes. Seek medical attention if symptoms appear. Ingestion : Induce vomiting immediately with a finger or by other means. Seek medical attention, if necessary. Protection for first-aid : Wear protective equipment to prevent skin contact, inhalation, or any other provider form of exposure to the material.

5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES Extinguishing media : Water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen gas, or foam DO NOT USE as : No data Extinguishing Media Specific hazards : Generation of and carbon dioxide arising from the chemical Special protective : The material burns slowly and generates no smoke. actions for firefighters To extinguish fires, remove the material around the ignited portion, leaving a generous margin, and smother the flames with carbon dioxide, foam, or other extinguishing material. Cool the material from a safe distance by spraying water mist. Firefighter protection : Wear protective equipment to prevent skin contact, inhalation, or any other form of exposure to the material. VGCF®, VGCF®-H (Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber) 2010/06/29, 3/8

6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES Personal precautions, : Wear protective equipment to prevent skin contact, inhalation, or any other protective equipment, form of exposure to the material. and emergency procedures Environmental : Try to minimize generated dust to the maximum extent possible. precautions Methods and materials : If the material spills onto the floor or other surfaces, do not attempt to for containment and sweep up. clean up Instead, collect the spilled material into an empty container by means that disperse as little dust into the air as possible, such as a HEPA-filtered vacuum cleaner. Preventive measures : Always wear protective equipment. for secondary disasters Take appropriate measures to avoid generating dust.

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE Handling Technical measures : Since the material is electrically conductive, special protective measures must be taken to safeguard electrical equipment. In facilities where the material is transported, stored, used, or handled, use local ventilation systems to remove dust at the generation source. Install a total ventilation system to minimize airborne dust in indoor workspaces. Depending on the conditions of handling, use dust collectors with predetermined suction rates. Local and general : Use a local ventilation system when handling the material. ventilation Install a total ventilation system for indoor workspaces. Before discharging exhaust/ventilated air containing VGCF®, collect VGCF® using HEPA filters or filters with equivalent or better performance. Precautions : Use an air shower to remove VGCF® adhering to work clothing. Use a local ventilation systems or enclosures to prevent the dispersal of removed VGCF® into surrounding areas. Wash off VGCF® adhering to the human body with a warm water shower. Treat wastewater containing VGCF® by filtering before discharging. Dispose of used filters by incinerating. Storage Appropriate storage : In locations where large quantities of the material are stored, avoid conditions using flames or equipment generating sparks or arcs, which may serve as ignition source. Avoid exposure to water. Seal airtightly after opening the container and take care to prevent moisture absorption. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight. Safe container : Use plastic bags, vinyl bags, or similar containers. material

VGCF®, VGCF®-H (Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber) 2010/06/29, 4/8

8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION Engineering measures to reduce : Handle the material only in locations where a total ventilation exposure system is installed. Install a local ventilation system if airborne dust is generated. Refer to the Director General Notification from Labour Standards Bureau, Health, Labour and Welfare Ministry (LSB Notification No.0331013, dated March 31, 2009). 1) Similar measures are required for protective equipment. Administrative control levels : Not specified. Exposure guidelines Japan Society for : Not specified. Occupational Health (2009) ACGIH (2009) : Not specified. Personal protective equipment Respiratory protection : Dust control masks with particulate capture efficiency of 99.9% or greater (for example, Category RL3 dust control masks available from Koken, Ltd.) Hand protection : Plastic or rubber gloves : Dust-proof glasses (for example, goggles) Skin and body protection : Dust-proof clothing (for example, CLEANGUARD overalls)

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Physical state Appearance : Solid, powder, fibrous Color : Black Odor (Odor threshold) : None pH : pH = 7 in 3% aqueous slurry. Boiling point : No data Initial boiling point and : No data boiling range Melting point and freezing : No data point Decomposition : 500-600°C (in air) Flash point : Will not catch fire. Spontaneous-ignition : 500-600°C (in air) temperature Upper/lower flammability : Not applicable. or explosive limits Vapor : No data Vapor density : No data Specific gravity (relative : 2.1g/cm3 density) : Water: Insoluble in water Other solvents: Insoluble in other solvents Octanol/water partition : No data coefficient

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10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY Stability : Stable under normal handling conditions. Possibility of hazardous : No possibility of polymerization. reaction Conditions to avoid : High atmospheric temperature of 500-600°C Proximity of flames and electrical or other sparks. Incompatible substances : No data Hazardous decomposition : Incomplete combustion may produce carbon monoxide. products Other : The material is electrically conductive. Dispersed airborne dust may cause short-circuits in electrical systems.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION 2), 15) Acute toxicity : Oral, rat, LD50: >2,000 mg/kg bw 3) Inhalation, dust, rat LC50: >1.87 mg/L/4hr Skin corrosion/irritation : Skin irritation test with rabbits (0.5 g of VGCF® for 4 hours in semi-occlusive application, in compliance with OECD TG404), no skin irritation (primary skin irritation index: PII=0) 4), 16) Serious eye : No data damage/irritation Respiratory or skin : Skin sensitization test with guinea pigs (Maximization method, in sensitization compliance with OECD TG406), no skin sensitization 5), 17) Germ cell mutagenicity : In vitro chromosomal aberration test with CHL/IU cells of Chinese hamsters (suspensions: prepared with a mortar; doses: 5 mg/mL at maximum; 8 doses set at a common ratio of 3), positive (structural aberrations: negative; numerical aberrations: positive) in short-term treatment method with or without metabolizing systems (S9 mix). The 14) D20 value was 0.265 mg/mL. Reverse mutagenicity test with Salmonella TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA, negative with or without metabolic activation systems (S9 mix). 6), 18) Carcinogenicity : To compare the synergistic carcinogenic effects of VGCF® and benzpyrene to those of (chrysotile) and benzpyrene, a carcinogenicity test was performed by intratracheal injection with hamsters. The hamsters were administered six weekly doses (0.2 mg for VGCF® and 0.4 mg for benzpyrene per hamster per administration). The number of hamsters developing malignancies was compared two years after the initial administration. The results are as follows: No development of malignancies was observed in the control group, VGCF® group, or VGCF® + benzpyrene group. The development of malignancies was observed only in the chrysotile + benzpyrene group (occurrence ratio: 0.55 localized malignancies/hamster) 7). Reproductive toxicity : No data Specific Target Organ : No data Systemic Toxicity (Single Exposure) Specific Target Organ : No data Systemic Toxicity (Repeated Exposure) Aspiration Hazard : No data VGCF®, VGCF®-H (Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber) 2010/06/29, 6/8

Other : (1) Since the material is whisker-shaped, handle carefully to prevent inhalation or contact with skin. The US EPA requires evaluation studies of ultrafine particles for environmental effects and potential effects on the human body 8). (2) “Selected Synthetic Organic Fibres” (Page 100 of the original book, issued in 1993, prepared on February 24, 1997) of the International Programme on (IPCS, cooperative program of the World Health Organization [WHO], the United Nation Environment Programme, and the International Labour Organization [ILO]) suggests the following measures in Paragraph 3 of “9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH.” 9) “All fibres that are respirable and biopersistent must undergo testing for toxicity and carcinogenicity. Exposure to these fibres should be controlled to the same degree as that required for asbestos until data supporting a lesser degree of control becomes available.” (3) Professor Donaldson at the University of Edinburgh, UK, posted a paper concerning the safety of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in Nature Nanotechnology and pointed out the need for further testing and studies of CNT safety 10). An overview is provided below. “In mice to which samples containing straight CNT 20 μm or longer were injected into the peritoneal cavity, inflammation and the development of granulomas were confirmed in the peritoneal cavity in inspections carried out one week after the injection. This also occurs when mice are exposed to amosite asbestos, the reference substance, by injection into the peritonieal cavity. This inflammation and granulomas are normal foreign body reactions to indigestible or non-degradable material that macrophages cannot eliminate. However, our study did not address whether this inflammation and granulomas would develop into the cancer . In addition, our study did not address whether CNTs would reach the mesothelium in sufficient amounts to cause mesothelioma following inhalation exposure. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether exposure to such long CNTs sufficient to reach the threshold dose in the mesothelium would occur in a workplace or in the environment.”

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Ecotoxicity 11) Fish toxicity : Fish (killifish) LC50 (96 hr) >100 mg/L (semi-static) 19) Fish (carp) LL50 (96 hr) >100 mg/L (semi-static) 12), 20) Others : Crustacea (Daphnia magna) EC50 (48 hr) >100 mg/L Algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) ErC50 (72 hr) >100mg/L (in compliance with OECD TG201), NOEC>100mg/L 13), 21) Persistence/degradability : No data Bioaccumulative potential : No data Mobility in soil : No data VGCF®, VGCF®-H (Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber) 2010/06/29, 7/8

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS When handling residual waste or contaminated containers or packages, follow the instructions given in 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE and 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION. Observe all general precautions applicable to inflammable materials. Dispose of residual waste and contaminated containers or packages by incineration. Alternatively, comply with the Waste Disposal and Public Cleansing Law.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION International regulations UN classification : Not applicable. UN number : Not applicable. Domestic regulations : Not applicable. Specific precautionary : Ideally, issue a transport cautionary statement to the shipper if the transport measures and material is transported by means such as a vehicle. conditions Make sure the containers are free of damage or leaks. Load carefully to protect from impact, overturning, falls, or breakage. Implement specific measures to prevent load shifting. Emergency Response : Response in compliance with Emergency Response Guide No. 133 is Guide No. recommended.

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION Industrial Safety and : Ordinance on Prevention of Hazards Due to Dust Health Law Law : Work involving airborne particulates Foreign Exchange and : Section 16 (2) of Appended Table 1 of the Export Trade Control Order Foreign Trade Control Law The product is not a substance for which a hazard statement must be issued under the PRTR Law (Act on Confirmation, etc., of Release Amounts of Specific Chemical Substances in the Environment and Promotion of Improvements to the Management Thereof), the Industrial Safety and Health Act, or the Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Act.

16. OTHER INFORMATION TSCA : A Pre-Manufacturing Notice has been submitted and the consent order received. PMN No. P08-0733 EINECS number : 231-955-3

References 1) http://wwwhourei.mhlw.go.jp/hourei/doc/tsuchi/2001K210331013.pdf 2) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report T05035 (Non-GLP, 2005) 3) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report 0145/0180 (GLP, 2006) 4) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report 0145/0181 (GLP, 2006) 5) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report T05036 (Non-GLP, 2005) 6) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report M05014 (Non-GLP, 2005) 7) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report T95017 (Non-GLP, 1995) 8) EPA NCER Research Projects, 2003:Impacts of Manufactured Nanomaterials on Human Health and Environment 9) Recommendations of International Programme on Chemical Safety (Translation into Japanese) http://www.nihs.go.jp/hse/ehc/sum1/ehc151.html (Original text in English) http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc151.htm 10) Nature Nanotechnology 3, No. 7, 423-428 (2008) 11) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report E05010 (Non-GLP, 2005) 12) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report E05011 (Non-GLP, 2005) 13) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report E06001 (Non-GLP, 2006) 14) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report M09006 (Non-GLP, 2009) 15) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report 0145/0202 (GLP, 2009) 16) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report 0145/0203 (GLP, 2009) 17) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report 0145/0217 (GLP, 2009) VGCF®, VGCF®-H (Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber) 2010/06/29, 8/8

18) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report 0145/0205 (GLP, 2009) 19) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report ENV8616/010901 (GLP, 2009) 20) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report ENV8615/010901 (GLP, 2009) 21) SHOWA DENKO K.K., Test Report ENV8614/010901 (GLP, 2009) Other : Total number of pages: 8

For further information, please contact Company and Section name : SHOWA DENKO K.K. Fine Carbon Department, Inorganics Sector TEL : +81-3-5470-3149 FAX : +81-3-3431-6924

The information in this MSDS was obtained from currently available sources. However, no warranty or representation is made as to the accuracy or completeness of the information provided herein. Users are advised to take all due precautions when handing the materials, since the information provided may be incomplete.