RAS Pre Geography of Rajasthan
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Contact: 7737313911 Geography of Rajasthan RAS Pre Syllabus as per RPSC, Ajmer 1. Major physiographic regions and their characteristics 2. Climatic characteristics 3. Major Rivers & Lakes 4. Natural Vegetation & Soil 5. Major Crops- Wheat, Maize, Barley, Cotton, Sugarcane & Bajra 6. Major Industries. 7. Major Irrigation Projects & Water Conservation Techniques 8. Population-Growth, Density, Literacy, Sex-ratio & Major Tribes 9. Minerals- Metallic & Non-Metallic 10.Power Resources- Conventional & Non-Conventional 11. Biodiversity & its Conservation 12.Tourist Centres & Circuits www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 RAS Pre Syllabus as per RPSC, Ajmer 1 Major physiographic regions and their characteristics 10 Introduction 10 Physiography of Rajasthan 16 Western Sandy Plain/Desert Plain 18 1. Sandy Arid Plain 20 Sandy Arid Plain subdivided into two parts 21 2. Semi-Arid Plain or Rajasthan Bangar 23 Semi-Arid Plain/Rajasthan Bangar subdivided into: 23 Aravalli regions 24 Aravalli hills divided into: 25 Southern Aravalli Area(from Abu to Ajmer) 25 Central Aravalli area (from Ajmer to Jaipur) 26 Northern Aravalli area (from Jaipur to Khetri) 26 Eastern Plain 27 Eastern plain subdivided into 27 Chambal Basin 27 Banas-Banganga Basin 27 Middle Mahi-Chhappan Basin 28 South-East Rajasthan Plateau 28 Vindhyan Scrap 29 Deccan Lava Plateau 29 Climatic Characteristics 29 Climate 29 Seasons of Rajasthan 31 Climatic Region 35 Koppen Classification 38 Agro-Climatic Zone(Rajasthan) 39 Major Rivers & Lakes 40 River/Drainage System 40 Rivers Draining into Bay of Bengal 42 River Draining into the Arabian Sea 46 River of Inland Drainage 49 Lakes 50 Saline water lake 50 www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 Sambhar lake 51 Pachpadra lake 51 Lunkaransar lake 52 Didwana lake 52 Fresh water lake 53 Jaisamand lake(Dhebar Lake) 53 Pichhola lake 54 Fateh Sagar lake 54 Udai Sagar 54 Rajsamand lake 54 Bal Samanad 55 Kolayat Lake 55 Anasagar lake 55 Fai Sagar lake 55 Pushkar lake 55 Nakki Lake 56 Siliserh lake 56 Note: 56 Natural Vegetation and Soil 56 Natural Vegetation 56 Distribution of Forests 57 Types of Forest 57 Tropical Thorny Forests 57 Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests 59 Sub-Tropical Mountain/evergreen Forest 61 Importance of Forests for Rajasthan 62 There are direct and indirect advantages of forests. 62 Note: 63 Recent Scheme of Forest Department 63 Scheme (Centre) 63 Additional Information (Rajasthan) 63 Note: 64 Soil 64 Types of Soil 66 Desert Soil/sandy 66 Red-Yellow Soil 66 Laterite Soil 67 Mixed Red and Black Soil 67 Black Soil 67 www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 Alluvial Soil 68 Soil Problem 68 Soil Erosion 68 The problem of Soil Fertility Loss 69 Major Crops- Wheat, Maize, Barley, Cotton, Sugarcane & Bajra 70 Major Agriculture Crops: 70 Wheat 70 Maize/Macca 71 Barley( जौ ) 71 Cotton 71 Sugarcane 72 Bajra ( Pearl Millet - Pennisetum typhoides) 72 Some Other Crops(Not in Syllabus): 73 Jowar 73 Gram 73 Guar 73 Rice 73 Mustard 74 Ground Nut 74 Major Industries 75 Cotton Textile Industry 75 Rajasthan State Handloom Development Corporation(RHDC) 75 Wool Clothes Industry 76 Central Wool Development Board(Ministry of Textile, India) 76 Sugar Industry 77 Cement Industry 77 Glass Industry 78 Paper Industry 78 Silk textile Industry 79 Salt Industry 79 Sambhar Salts Limited (SSL) 80 Chemical Industry 80 Engineering Industry 80 Industrial Overview 81 Index of Industrial Production(IIP) 81 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises(MSME) 82 In the state, various policies measures to promote and support MSME enterprises are implemented are: 82 Exports 82 www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 For the development of exports, the state introducing various export promotion initiatives such as: 83 Department responsible for the Industrial development of Rajasthan 83 Department of Industries 83 Programmes/Schemes of Industrial Development 84 Bureau of Investment Promotion(BIP) 85 Rajasthan State Industrial Development and Investment Corporation Limited(RIICO)-1969(Re-established 1980) 85 The Key progress made by RIICO 85 Innovative Schemes/Initiatives taken up by the Corporation. 86 Rajasthan Small Industries Corporation Limited(RAJSICO)-1961 87 Rajasthan Financial Corporation(RFC)-1955 87 Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor(DMIC) 89 Khadi and Village Industries (KVI) 90 Mining Sector 91 Rajasthan State Mines and Minerals Limited(RSMML) 91 Oil and Natural Gas 91 Labour 92 Employment Department 93 Rajasthan Skill and Livelihoods Development Corporation(RSLDC) 93 Mukhya Mantri Yuva Kaushal Yojana(MMYKY) 93 Rural Non Farm Development Agency(RUDA)-1995 94 Industrial Development (Economic Survey: 2020-2021) 94 Some Important Facts: 94 Major Irrigation Project and Water Conservation Techniques 95 Indira Gandhi Canal Project(Rajasthan Canal) 95 Bhankhra-Nangal Project 97 Beas Project 98 Chambal Project 100 Mahi Bajaj Project 101 Narmada Canal 101 Gang Canal 102 Rajiv Gandhi Sidhmukh Nohar Project 103 Bisalpur Project 103 Jhakam Project 104 Sidhmukh Project 104 Parwan Dam Project 104 Dholpur Lift Irrigation Project 105 Rajasthan Water Sector Restructuring Project for Desert Area(RWSRPD) 105 www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 Jaipur Zone 105 Kota Zone 106 Udaipur Zone 106 Jodhpur Zone 106 Medium Irrigation Project district wise 107 Jhalawar 107 Kota 107 Pali 107 Pratapgarh 108 Tonk 108 Chittorgarh 109 Rajsamand 109 Jalore 110 Jaipur 110 Sawai Madhopur 110 Dausa 111 Alwar 111 Bundi 111 Udaipur 111 Baran 112 Ajmer 112 Bhilwara 113 Karauli 113 Sirohi 113 Sikar 114 Jodhpur 114 Dungarpur 114 Dholpur 114 Bharatpur 114 Population: Growth, Density, Distribution, Sex-Ratio, Literacy & Major Tribes 115 Population(Rajasthan) 115 Density 116 Sex-ratio 117 Literacy 118 Male Literacy 119 Female Literacy 120 Rajasthan: Rural and Urban Population(2011) 121 Rural 121 Urban 121 www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 Schedule Caste Population 122 Schedule Tribe Population 123 Tribe Population 123 Mines and Minerals 123 Minerals 124 Copper 124 Gold 125 Iron-Ore 126 Lead, Zinc and Silver 127 Tungsten 128 Manganese 128 Limestone 129 Beryllium 129 Mica 130 Bismuth 130 Wollastonite 131 Tin 131 Vermiculite 131 Silica Sand 132 Steatite 132 Asbestos 133 Baryte 133 Bauxite 134 China Clay 134 Dolomite 135 Feldspar 135 Fluorite 136 Gypsum 136 Graphite(Black Lead) 137 Fuller’s Earth(Multani Mitti) 137 Kyanite 137 Magnesite 138 Nickel 138 Rock Phosphate(Phosphorite) 138 Pyrite 139 Marble 139 Granite 140 Uranium 142 Energy Minerals 142 www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 Coal 142 Petroleum 142 Natural Gas 143 Mining Department 143 Power Resources: Conventional & Non-Conventional 143 Power Generation: 143 Installed Capacity: 143 Non-Renewable Source 144 Coal 144 Types of Coal: 144 Thermal Energy 146 Nuclear/Atomic Power/Energy resources: 147 Rajasthan Atomic Power Project (RAPP) 148 Banswara Thermal Power Station: 148 Natural Gas: 149 Renewable Source 149 SOLAR 150 Solar Power Generation 150 Development of Solar Parts and Mega Solar Power projects 150 The major field of solar energy development is: 151 Biomass Energy 152 Wind Power 152 Biodiversity & its Conservation 153 National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary and Conservation Reserve 153 National Park 153 National Park(Rajasthan = 3) 154 Ranthambore National Park, Sawai Madhopur 154 Keoladeo Ghana National Park, Bharatpur 154 Mukundara National Park, Kota 155 Wildlife Sanctuary 156 Wildlife Sanctuary(Rajasthan) 156 Mount Abu WS 156 Desert National Park 157 Kumbhalgarh WS 157 Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary, Alwar 158 Tal Chhapar WS 159 National Chambal WS, Sawai Madhopur 159 Sita Mata WS 160 Phulwari Ki Nal WS, Udaipur 160 www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 Todgarh-Raoli WS 161 Sajjangarh WS 161 Bassi WS 162 Bandh Bharatha WS 162 Bhainsrorgarh WS 162 Jaisamand WS 162 Jamwa Ramgarh WS 163 Kailadevi WS 164 Nahargarh WS 164 Ramsagar WS 164 Kaisarbagh WS 165 Ramgarh Vishdhari WS 165 Sawai Madhopur WS 165 Sawai Man Singh WS 165 Shergarh WS 165 Van Vihar WS 165 Conservation Reserve 165 Zoo in Rajasthan 167 Deer Park 167 Tourist Centres & Circuits 168 Tourism Sector 168 The Rajasthan Government took the step for the development of the tourism sector: 168 International Tourist day 169 Schemes of Rajasthan Government for the development of tourist sector: 169 Tourist Places in Rajasthan 169 Additional Information: 171 Livestock 171 Animal Breeding and Research Centre(Rajasthan) 171 Camel 172 Breeds of Camels 172 Cow 172 Breeds of Cow(https://gopalan.rajasthan.gov.in/cow-breeds.htm) 172 Buffalo 175 Breeds of Buffalo 175 Goat 175 Breeds of Goat 176 Sheep 176 Breeds of Sheep 176 www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 Horse 177 Breed of Horse 177 Donkey 177 Hens 177 Mule 178 Pig 178 Animal Fairs 178 Economic Survey 2020-21 178 Livestock Census-2019 178 Major initiatives taken by Animal Husbandry Department during the year 2019-20: 179 Gopalan Department 180 20th Livestock Census-2019 180 Great Boundary Fault 183 Major physiographic regions and their characteristics Introduction 1. Rajasthan lies in the north-western part of India and the north-eastern part of the world. www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 a. www.AswaTHinstitue.com 7737313911 CEO: Rajpurohit Anil Contact: 7737313911 2. Location a. Longitude = 69°30' to 78°17' East ; (Distance = 8°47') i. The local Time difference between the east(Dholpur) to west(Jaisalmer) part of Rajasthan is about 35 minutes 08 second due to a longitudinal difference of 8°47'. b. Latitude = 23°3' to 30°12' North ; (Distance = 7°9') 3. Total Area of Rajasthan = 3.42 Lakh sq. Km a. The state’s total area is 10.43% of India’s total area and India’s biggest state. b. Rajasthan is equal to Germany in area, slightly larger than Japan, 5 times larger than Sri Lanka and more than 17 times larger than Israel. 4. Tropic of Cancer passes through the southern district, namely Banswara, Dungarpur of Rajasthan.