Index

Abrera, Bernardo P., 128 Arc de Triomphe, 2 Abu Simbel temple, 4, 209, 277, 283–4, archeology, 4, 197, 283, 300–12, 314–15 300, 302, 308 Argentina, 31, 43, 45, 181, 185, 188, Academic Council for the UN System 190, 192–7, 232, 248 (ACUNS), 271 Arid Zone Project, 191 Accra, 53 Arizona, 242 Acropolis, 285 Armenia, 226 Ádám, Zsigmond, 112 Arnold, Matthew, 41–2 Addis Ababa, 168 Arroyo, Agustín, 256 Adoula, Cyrille, 173 Arroyo, Alberto Barajas, 256 adult education, 141, 153, 156–8, 166, Asiciacion Mexicana por la ONU, 234 168, 171, 177, 264 Associated School Project (ASP), 177, Afghanistan, 10, 20, 144, 184, 217, 276, 213, 219–20, 228 288, 300–12 Aswan High Dam, 4, 209, 277, 280, African National Congress, 217 282–3 Agee, James, 41 Auden, W.H., 43 Aherns, Maurice, 255 Auschwitz-Birkenau, 29, 284, 289 Ai, Jiawei, 318 Austin, 243 Aï Khanoum, 308 Australia, 48, 121, 123, 126, 128, 139, Albania, 226 186 Aleichem, Sholem, 57 Austria, 48, 109, 137, 142, 186, 265 Alexander the Great, 217 Avenue Kléber, 2, 36 Algiers, 37 Avilés, René, 256 Allende, Salvador, 61 Azerbaijan, 226 allied powers, 31, 97, 118–30, 258, 262, Azezi, Marcello Scarone, 20 267, 273–4 Almaguer, Luis Tijerina, 256 Bâ, Amadou Hampâté, 56, 61 Ambrose, Warren, 197 Bacot, Jacques, 300 American Anthropological Association, Báez, Manuel Martínez, 233 36 Balzac, Honoré de, 57 American Library Association, 59, 143–4 Bamiyan, 276, 288–9 American Museum of Natural History, 34 Barthes, Roland, 51 Amrith, Sunil, 17 Bayreuth Library, 58 Ander, Gunnar, 228 Beeby, Clarence E., 181 Anderson, Carol, 17, 34 Behre, Göran, 228 Anguiano, Raúl, 246 Behrstock, Julian, 62 anthropology, 6, 29–48, 174, 191, 288 Beijing, 316 anti-racism, 5–7, 11–12, 14, 32–5, 38–9, Beirut, 233, 249 46–7, 103, 108, 167, 199, 203, Belarus, 82, 185 209–10, 216–18, 222, 227 Belgium, 19, 31, 85, 100, 135, 139, 141, Anudradhapura, 290 171, 173–5, 177, 179, 185–6, 226, , 316, 320 228, 254, 265 Appendini, Ida, 240, 244, 255 Belgrade National Library, 58–9 Arab League Organization, 62 Bell, Alexander Graham, 34

325 326 Index

Belloc, Chloé, 62 Brosse, Thérese, 99, 103–4, 106, 108, Bellow, Sam, 48 110–11 Benedict, Ruth, 41 Brouillette, Sarah, 65 Benoit-Lévy, Jean, 77–80, 83–4, 88 Broussais Hospital, 103 Berdeja, Sergio, 234 Bruckner, Pascal, 64 Berlin, 207–8, 303, 306 Bruner, Edward, 292 Berliner, David, 289–91 Brussels, 234, 238, 249–50, 254, 265, Bern, 55–6 267, 269 Bernard, Paul, 288 Budapest National Library, 58 Bernot, Lucien, 158–60 Buddhas of Bamiyan, 276, 288 Berrueto, Federico, 256 Buenos Aires, 193–4 Beteta, Ramón, 256 Bulgaria, 82, 113, 226 Bethlehem, 290 Bulletin of the ICHP, 133 Bill, Arthur, 111 Bulletin for Libraries, 132, 135–6 Billington, Ray, 255 Bunce, William K., 119–21, 123, 128–9, Björkholm, Sixten, 228 267 Boas, Franz, 32–3 Bureau of American Ethnology, 33–4, 46 Bodet, Jaime Torres, 51, 61–2, 64, 76, Burma, 139, 144 122, 132, 142, 159, 186, 232–3, 235–9, 245–6, 249–50, 256 Caballero, Arquímedes, 256 Boehringer, Erich, 305 Caillois, Roger, 62 Boel, Jens, xi, 17, 20, 57, 88, 153 Cain, Julian, 61 Bogota, 59–60 Cairo, 59, 281 Bokova, Irina, 20 Calderón, Ventura Garcia, 61 Bolivia, 31, 45, 188, 190–1, 287 Calder, Ritchie, 158California, 243 Bonn, 303, 306 Calw, 206 Book Coupon Scheme, 58–9, 122, 132, Camacho, Manuel Avila, 236 136, 139, 144 Cambodia, 130, 277, 290 books, 5–6, 10–11, 14–15, 17, 19, 24, 27, Cameroon, 45, 53 35, 41–2, 47, 49–72, 76, 110, Campbell, Alan, 36, 39 131–48, 170, 174–5, 199, 231–56, Campbell, Joseph, 39 261, 265, 272, 314 Canada, 40, 80, 88, 113, 139, 185–6, Borobudur Temple, 277, 285, 291–2 250, 265, 288 Bosch-Garcia, Carlos, 255 Cano, Celerino, 256 Bosnia and Herzegovina, 226 Cárdenas, Lázaro, 236 Bosworth, Clifford Edmund, 309 Cardi, Beatrice de, 309, 311 Boussion, Samuel, xi, 19, 99 Carnegie Foundation, 32, 45, 59, 62, 104 Bouthoul, Gaston, 64 Carneiro, Paolo E. de Berredo, 68, 239 Bowers, John, 165, 167 Carnes, Gerald, 78 Brambila, Loyo, 246, 252 Carrión, Arturo Morales, 254 Brännman, Erik, 228 Carrol, Bailey, 255 Brazil, 7, 14, 16, 38, 40, 43, 61, 135, 139, Carter, Edward J., 52, 62, 140–1, 144 141, 184–95, 232, 265 Carthage, 285 Brazzaville, 55–6 Cary, Peter, 20 Breasted, Henri, 311 Casa de España en Mexico, 253 Breglia, Lisa, 289 Cassin, René Samuel, 32–3 Brianso, Isabelle, 291 Cassirer, Henry, 38 Bridonneau, Marie, 291 Castaneda, Carlos E., 255 British Council, 50, 59, 62 Castillo, Isidro, 256 British Museum, 305 Center for the Moving Image, 75 Index 327

Centlivres, Pierre, 288 Confucius, 57 Central Office of Information, UK, 85 Congolese National Commission for Ceylon, 139, 156, 161 UNESCO, 176–7 Chaco, 31, 45 Congolese Reform Commission, 173 Chang, Feng-chu, 128 Connolly, Matthew, 16 Charles XII, 213 Convention Concerning the Chau,Lily,89 International Exchange of Chazelle, J., 128 Publications, 54 Chekov, Anton, 57 Convention Concerning the Protection Chicago, 32–3 of the World Cultural and Natural Chichén Itza, 289–90 Heritage, 209, 277, 279–81, 286–8, Chief Directorate for Museums and 313, 316–17, 321 Monuments Protection, 280 Convention on the Elimination of All children, 10, 19, 24, 29, 38, 51, 66, 96–7, Forms of Discrimination Against 99–115, 142, 151, 159, 166, 174, Women, 227 178, 205, 234, 237–8, 246–7, 249, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting 264–6 and Preventing the Illicit Import, Chile, 31, 43, 61, 184–5, 187–8, 190–1, Export and Transfer of Ownership of 193–5 Cultural Property, 286 , 15–17, 85, 118, 120, 123, 126–8, Convention on the Prevention and 130, 135, 137, 139, 217, 268, 272, Punishment of the Crime of 277, 288–90, 308, 313–24 Genocide, 33 Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage, Convention for the Protection of 317 Cultural Property in the Event of Chinese Academy of Cultural Relics, 323 Armed Conflict, 285 Chiva, Isaac, 46 Convention on Stolen or Illegally Christensen, Ivan Lind, 8, 11, 13 Exported Cultural Property, 286 Cité Joyeuse, 100 Cooperative for American Remittances City University of New York, 36 in Europe (CARE), 59 Civil Rights Movement, 6, 17, 216 Cooper, Lynda, 20 Civita Vecchia Children’s Community, Corpus Christi University, 255 101 Corti, Walter, 104, 106 Codignola, Ernesto, 100 Costa Rica, 188, 228 Cold War, 40, 74, 81–2, 85–8, 112–13, Council of Europe, 201–3, 205–13, 218, 126, 140, 169, 203–4, 207, 235, 263, 220–2, 224 282–3 Courtois, Thibaut, 302 Collection of Representative Works, 57, Croatia, 226 61 Croce, Benedetto, 62, 238 Colombo, 59 Crown Film Unit, 85 colonialism, 34–5, 38, 65, 172, 207–8, Cuba, 188, 190, 217, 244, 248 216, 218, 222, 259, 270 cultural diversity, 4, 12, 49, 68, 84, 111, Columbia University, 34 203, 208, 210, 218, 220, 222–3, 225, Comisión Editora Popular, Mexico, 236 227, 259, 277 Commission for the Revision and cultural relativism, 4, 287 Coordination of Educational Plans Cultural Revolution, 313 Study Programs and School curricula changes, 10, 12–13, 19, 174, Textbooks, Mexico, 236–7 202–5, 210–13, 218–20, 222–3, 229, Condominas, Georges, 40 237, 268–9 Conference of Allied Ministers of Curti, Merle, 254 Education (CAME), 50, 101 Cutroni, Anabella Abarzúa, xi, 19, 181 328 Index

Cyprus, 224 Duroselle, Jean-Baptiste, 65 Czechoslovakia, 82, 85, 102, 104, 113, Dushanbe, 306 127, 135–8, 140, 142, 226 Dussel, Inés, xi, 10, 20, 231 Dutch Oriental Society, 300 Dahan-i-Gulahman, 308 Dakar, 59 Easter Island, 31–2, 43 Dales, Georges, 311 Eckersley, T.W., 128 Dalsgaard, Jens, 20 École du Louvre, 302–3 D’Amici, Edmondo, 236 Ecuador, 185, 188, 190–1, 228 Danilewicz, Maria, 134 Edgar, Alistair, 271 Danish Council for Independent Edinburgh International Film Festival, Research, 8, 20, 271 75 Danish National Commission for Egypt, 4, 20, 48, 56, 158, 161, 184, 186, UNESCO, 20 213–14, 254–5, 280, 282–5, 294, Darchambeau, Valère, 77 300, 302, 308 Darmouni, Carole, 20 Ehresman, Charles, 197 Dartigue, Maurice, 171–2 Eiseley, Loren, 48 Davison, Basil, 38 Eisenberg, Jaci, xi, 4, 20, 279 Declaration Regarding the Teaching of Eisenhower, Dwight D., 169 History, 205 El Colegio de Mexico, 253 decolonization, 9, 14, 17, 19, 42, 55–6, Elmina Castle, 292 67, 151, 170, 174, 285 Elvin, Lionel, 160 Dees, Bowen C., 129 Enoch Pratt Free Library, 142 Defarges, Philippe Moreau, 60 Enugu, 59 Degerman, Allan, 228 Errington, shelley, 290–1 democracy, 59, 68, 97, 101, 117, 145, Estonia, 226 203, 206–8, 222, 237, 263–4, 273 Ethiopia, 291 Democratic Republic of Congo, 10, 15, Eugenics, 34 17, 19, 151, 161, 168–80, 220 Euro-centrism, 116, 210, 213, 220, 287–8 Deng, Xiaoping, 313 European Council, 62 Denmark, 12, 20, 139, 186, 303 European Cultural Convention, 203, 213 Desjardins, Philippe, 80 European Economic Community, 62 DesRoches, Antoine, 175 European Union (EU), 17 Deutches Archäologisches Institut, 303–4 Evans, Graeme, 290 Diet, Japanese Parliament, 120–1, 129, Evans, Luther H., 26, 47, 59, 61, 186 263–4 Evans, Walker, 41 Dieudonné, Jean, 197 Dikay, Josué Mikobi, xi, 15, 19, 168 Faculdad de Ciencias Exactas y direct action, 7, 17, 54 Naturales, University of Buenos Djenné, 289, 292 Aires (FCEyN-UBA), 193, 195 Documentatio and Study Centre on the Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias History of Art and Civilization in Sociales (FLACSO), 187, 194 Ancient Egypt, 282 Fairservis, 309 Domínguez, González, 193 Falt, Eric, 20 Don Suisse, 102–03, 106 Farr, William, 77–9, 81, 83 Doshisha University Library, 58 Febvre, Lucien, 239 Doula, 45 Federation of Diet Members for Drzewieski, Bernard, 99, 101–6, 112 UNESCO, 120 Duedahl, Poul, xi, 3, 46, 271 fellowships, 17, 85, 97, 122, 157, 165, , 317 184, 193–4, 266 Index 329

Field Museum of Natural History, 33 general conferences, 9, 55, 60, 66, 81, fieldwork, 16, 19, 27, 31, 35–6, 44–5, 54, 102, 104, 117–24, 126, 136, 139, 75, 104, 118, 127, 129, 151–99, 266, 142, 152, 155–9, 164, 186, 193, 227, 277, 282, 302–4, 308, 319 233, 264, 267, 275, 280–1, 302, 304, films, 10, 17, 19, 27, 58, 73–94, 109, 138, 307 157, 210 General History of Africa project, 56 Finland, 134 Geneva, 55, 75, 99, 101, 106, 170 Fischer, Klaus, 306, 309, 311 Genocide, 33, 179 Fischli, Hans, 106 Georgia, 226 Florence, 54–5, 100–1, 123, 285 Germany, vi, 16, 29–32, 40–1, 45, 82, 88, Fong, Brenda, 20 92, 97, 109, 117–19, 127, 131, 139, Food and Agriculture Organization 144, 185–6, 206, 216, 224, 228, 250, (FAO), 77–8, 155, 158, 172 260, 267, 270, 282, 302–05 Ford Foundation, 62, 79, 255 Gfeller, Aurélie Elisa, xi, 4, 20, 279 Forel, Oscar, 112 Ghana, 16, 24, 40, 53, 56, 161, 292 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Ghander, Mahmoud, 88–9 226 Ghazni, 308 Foucher, Alfred, 307 Ghirshman, Roman, 302, 308, 311 France, 31–2, 43–4, 48, 50, 58, 61, 79, Giardino d’infanzia, Rimini, 100 85, 99, 104, 108, 113, 115, 128, 135, Giton, Céline, 19, 29, 49 137–9, 156, 185–6, 205, 217–18, Gjesdal, Tor, 78, 83 228, 249–50, 254, 265, 301–4, 319 Global History of UNESCO Project, 20, François, Louis, 254 271 Franklin Book Program, 62 Godard, Jean, 301 Frazer, James, 39 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 30, 51, Free, Lloyd, 76, 78 57, 252 González, Alberto, 193 Freg, Arturo Arnáiz y, 256 González, Miguel, 89 French Archeological Delegation in Gorostiza, José, 256 Afghanistan, 301, 305, 311 Gothenburg, 35–6 French National Library, 62 Granados, Rafael García, 238 Frey, Bruni, 291 Grant, Madison, 34 Frye, Richard, 311 Greece, 48, 59, 99, 109, 113, 135, 137, Fuentes, Gregorio López, 256 139, 255, 280, 285 Fujiyama, Aichiro, 129 Greenaway, Emerson, 142 Fukuoka, 120 Grierson, John, 38, 79–82, 85 fundamental education, 10, 12, 19, 24, Grohman, Josef, 61 27, 52, 96, 151–67, 170, 246–7, 249 Guadalupe, 243 Fundamental Education Abstracts, 157 Gulik, Robert van, 128 Fussing, Hans, 254 Gurthner, Otmar, 109 Gustavus Adolphus, 216 Gabus, Jean, 302–4 Gustav Vasa, 217 Gaeta, F., 197 Gutteridge, Jane, 20 Gambia, 291 Guzmán, Martín Luis, 246, 255 Gambrell, Herbert P., 255 Gandhi, Mahatma, 38, 154, 218 Hackin, Joseph, 311 Gao, 289 Hagiwara, Toru, 129 Gaos, José, 253 Hague, 271, 281, 285 Gardet, Mathias, xi, 19, 99 Haiti, 12, 32, 139, 144, 156–60, 162, 186, Gaudiopolis, 101 244 330 Index

Hakin, Joseph, 309 physical, 5, 11 Hammarskjöld, Dag, 169, 220 unintended, 4, 7, 13, 15, 20, 277, 289, Hanke, Lewis, 255 308 Harada, Ken, 129 imperialism, 57, 85, 87, 259, 269 Harrison, David, 289 India, 16–17, 40, 61, 85, 139, 141, 151, Härtel, Herbert, 306 161, 163, 167, 184, 186, 265, 268, Hart, Richard, 142 290, 304, 306 Harvard University, 253, 314 Indonesia, 16, 40, 137, 139, 151, 159, Hatch, Spencer, 161 161, 184, 277, 285, 291 Havet, Jacques, 63 Institute of Educational Sciences, Hebron, 290 Geneva, 106 Heidelberg, 303 Institute of Pan American History and , 314, 316 Geography, Mexico, 238, 240, Hepp, François, 62 243–4, 253, 255 Herat, 304 Institut national d’audiovisuel (INA), 74 Herat, 308 Intergovernmental Committee for Herat Museum, 309 Promoting the Return of Cultural heritage-safeguarding campaigns, 4, 10, Property, 286 75, 202, 281, 283, 285 International Actions Committee (IAC), Herskovits, Melville, 32, 43, 45–6 283–4 Herzfeld, Ernst, 307–8, 311 International Association for the Study History of Mankind project, 207, 210, of Central Asia, 307 218, 237, 239, 277, 305, 307 International Book Year, 61 Hitler, Adolf, 33–4, 131 International Bureau of Education, 102, Hoggart, Richard, 67, 139, 306 106 Hu, Jintao, 319 International Campaign to Salvage the Hultkvist, Rudolf, 228 Temples of Nubia, 283 humanism, 38, 43, 110, 163, 261–2 International Centre for the Study of the human rights, 32–4, 37–8, 64, 76, 79, 86, Preservation and restoration of 93, 97, 203, 206–7, 212, 217–18, Cultural Property (ICCROM), 281 226, 249, 263–4, 266, 268 International Children’s Fund, 102 Hunan, 318 International Civil Aviation Hungary, 82, 112–13, 135, 137, 139–40, Organization, 172 185, 226 International Clearing House for Husumi,Yukio,130 Publications (ICHP), 132–5, 137, 139 Huxley, Julian, 38, 41–3, 61, 80–2, International Committee of 88 Coordination Concerning Huxley, T.H., 38 Safeguarding of Afghan Cultural Hylea Amazon Project, 43 Heritage, 310 Hyman, Herbert H., 40 International Committee on Monuments, Artistic and Historical Idubor, Felix, 38 Sites and Archeological Excavations, Ienaga, Saburo, 260–1 280 impact, assessment methodologies, International Council for Educational 5–18 Reconstruction, 97, 102, 106 beneficiary, 9–10, 13 International Council on Monuments institutional, 9–10, 13 and Sites (ICOMOS), 281, 292, 294, intended, 4, 6–7, 13, 15, 154, 260, 289 315, 317–18 mental, 3, 5, 9, 11–13, 104, 132, 151, International Council of Museums 174, 178 (ICOM), 253, 279–81, 302 Index 331

International Council for Philosophy Japanese National Commission for and Human Sciences, 62 UNESCO, 122, 125, 264, 266, 268, International Educational 273 Cinematographic Institute, 77, 79 Jemaâ el-Fna Square, 291 International Federation of Children’s Johns Hopkins University, 104 Communities, 99, 108, 112 Jomtien, 164 International Institute of Intellectual Joy, Charlotte, 289 Cooperation, 50, 64, 75, 79, 205, Justo, Juan B., 31 218, 274, 279 International Institute for the Kabul, 301–7 Unification of Private Law Kahane, Jean Pierre, 197 (UNIDROIT), 286 Kampala, 59 internationalism, 4, 83, 85, 88, 99, 213, Kankurang, 291 220, 223, 232 Kantule, Nele de, 35 International Labor Organization (ILO), Kantule, Ruben Perez, 36 78, 80, 155, 158, 172 Karachi, 60 International Monetary Fund, 78 Kasai, 172 International Museums Office, 281 Katanga, 172, 175 International Pen Club, 62, 117, 265 Katsunuma, Seizo, 129 International Telecommunications Unit, Kawabata, Yasunari, 57 172 Kazakhstan, 320 international understanding, 15, 18–19, Keitumetse, Susan, 291 40–1, 48, 50–1, 59, 63–4, 82, 86, 97, Kennedy, Jacqueline, 4 99–100, 104, 107–8, 111–12, 122, Kennedy, John F., 284 139, 142, 198–275 Kerestezi, Michael, 54, 67 International Union for Child Welfare, Khan, Ghazi Amir Amanullah, 301 102, 106 Khozad, Ahmed Ali, 302 International Year of Education, 53 Khruschev, Nikita, 284 Intrator, Miriam, xii, 19, 131 Kildal, Arne, 141 Iran, 10, 20, 137, 139, 184, 300–12 Kinshasa, 169–71, 175, 179 Iranian Archeology Service, 314 Kirpal, Prem, 68 Iranian Committee for Coordination of Kisangani, 178 the Studies on the Civilizations of Kitazawa, M., 263 the Peoples of Central Asia, 304 Kivu, 172, 175 Iranian Cultural Heritage Organization, Klineberg, Otto, 40 310 Kobe, 117, 120 Iriye, Akira, 16 Koffler, Sandy, 36–8, 46 Israel, 290, 298 Korea, 15, 26, 97, 130, 168, 257–8, Italian Institute for the Middle and Far 260–1, 265–6, 269, 287 East, 303, 305 Korean Emergency Educational Italy, 48, 99, 109, 113, 137, 156, 186, Assistance Program, 266 277, 282, 284, 288, 301, 303–4, 321 Korean War, 86, 125, 263 Iwate Library, 58 Krebs, Edgardo C., 29 Kulnazarova, Aigul, xii, 15, 20, 257 Jackson, Jesse, 6 Kumasi, 24 Jamaica, 40, 161 Kuo, Yu-shou, 118, 120, 153–4 Japan, 15–17, 19–20, 30, 40, 58, 97–130, Kyoiku Daigaku, 265 134, 186, 214, 257–75, 284, 287 Kyoto, 58, 117. 120 Japanese Ministry of Education, 265, 268 Kyrgyzstan, 320 332 Index

Laboratoire d’anthropologie sociale, 36 Lin, Yutang, 50 Lai, Celine, xii, 20, 313 literacy, 52–3, 60, 66–8, 85–6, 133, 155, Lake Nasser, 282 159, 161–2, 164, 171, 177, 246 Lake Success, 32, 78, 82 Lithuania, 226 Lalibela, 291 Liyang, 318 Lambot, Gaston, 175 Llano, Rodrigo de, 256 Langley, Samuel Piermont, 34 Lojasiewicz, Stanislaw, 197 Langlois, Suzanne, xii, 14, 19, 73 López, Rita, 256 Laos, 130, 290 Lorentz, Stanisław, 280 Lapis Lazuli, 309 Los Angeles, 6 Lashkari Bazar, 309 Louvre Museum, 282 Latapí, Pablo, 233 Luang Praban, 290 Latin American Center of Social Science Lublin, 101 Research, 191 Lucas, Ralph, 20 Latin American Regional Center for Lumumba, Patrice, 169 Mathematics, 193 Luna, Juan Hernández, 256 Latvia, 134, 226 Lundgren, Ulf P., 211 Laves, Walter H.C., 83–4 Lundh, Hans Lennart, 228 Lawn, Martin, 232 Luxembourg, 108 Lawrence, D.H., 42 League of Nations, 50, 99, 201–3, 205–6, MacLeish, Archibald, 53 211, 218, 274, 279 Maeda, Tamon, 124, 129, 264 Leavis, F.R., 42 Maheu, René, 50, 52, 60–1, 81, 170, Lebanon, 48, 220 282–3, 304, 308 Lee, Bruce, 223 Major Project on Mutual Appreciation of Lee, Shi-mou, 120–2, 262, 265 Eastern and Western Values, 11, 199, Leiris, Michel, 48 305 Lemkin, Raphael, 33 Malaurie, Jean, 44 Lendin, Waldemar, 228 Mali, 289 Lengrand, Paul, 63 Malraux, André, 308 Lengyel, Peter, 36 Mandela, Nelson, 12, 217–18 Lery, Jean de, 43 Manifesto for Libraroians, 132 Lestage, André, 160 Mannerheim, C.G., 217 Lévi-Strauss, Claude, 35–6, 38, Mårald, Bert, 228 43–5 Marbial Valley, 12, 156, 159–62 Lewis, Días, 55 Marcault, Jean Émile, 103 Lewis, Sulwyn, 63 Marcinello Children’s Community, Lezine, Alexander, 303 101 Lhasa, 316 Marcus, Simone, 104–5 L’Herbier, Marcel, 75 Maritain, Jacques, 33, 38 Liberal Arts University of Tokyo, 265 Marshall, Thurgood, 38 libraries, 10–11, 19, 40, 50, 52, 58–61, Martí, José, 248 66–7, 131–48, 183, 190, 236 Mateos, Adolfo López, 246 Lienhardt, Godfrey, 35 Matsuura, Koichiro, 116, 286 , 318 Matsuyama, Takao, 265 Lima, 150, 231 Mauss, Marcel, 43 Lincoln, Abraham, 143 Mayor, Federico, 12 Lindmark, Daniel, 223 M’Bow, Amadou-Mahtar, 179 Lindqvist, Ola, 228 Mead, Margaret, 30, 41, 43 Linnér, Sture, 170 Meador, Bruce, 255 Index 333

Medellín, 144 Nad-i Ali, 308 Meierhofer, Marie, 106 Nag Hammadi Library, 56 Mence, Clare, 20 Nagoya University, 129 Mendoza, 45, 193 Nairobi, 55 Métraux, Alfred, 29–48, 159, 167 Namibia, 185 Métraux, Rhoda, 29, 41, 44–8 Nanking, 233 Metropolitan Museum of Art, 284 Napoleon Bonaparte, 217 Mexican Historical Society, 255 Nara, 117, 120, 287 Mexican National Commission for the Nasser, Gamel Abdel, 282 Free Textbook (CONALITEG), 245–9, National Association for the 252, 255–6 Advancement of Colored People Mexican National Museum of History, (NAACP), 34 253, 255 National Commission for the Revision of Mexican Revolution, 232 Study Plans and Textbooks, Mexico, Mexico, 10, 20, 43, 48, 61, 85, 104, 157, 232 159, 184–8, 190–2, 194–5, 231–56, national commissions, 5, 7, 15, 18, 27, 289 122, 125, 144, 169, 176–8, 184, 245, Mexico City, 104, 232–3, 235, 239, 241, 249, 264, 266, 268 243 National Diet Library, 120 Meyer, Agnès Borde, xii, 10, 20, 300 National Federation of UNESCO Michoacán, 233 Cooperative Associations in Japan, Mickiewicz, Adam, 57 124, 129 Mikołajczyk, Stanisław, 102 National Film Board of Canada, 80 Mikusinski, Jan, 197 National Institute of Education, D.R., Miles, Margaret, 254 Congo, 174 militarism, 117, 130–1, 201, 206, 218, nationalism, 11, 79, 112, 205–6, 209, 221, 223 221, 249, 258, 267 Mill, John Stuart, 257 National Library of anthropology and Mitani, Horishi, 269 History, Mexico City, 241 Mitrany, David, 63 National Literacy Service, D.R., Congo, Miyazaki University Library, 58 177 Mobutu, Joseph-Désiré, 176 National Museum of China, 318 Moenjodaro, 285 natural sciences, 33, 38, 41–42, 97, 168, Moldova, 226 182, 184, 188, 190–4, 197, 219 Montevideo, 193 Needham, Joseph, 38, 42, 136–7, 239 Mora, José Luis, 248 Needham, Rodney, 39 Morale Division, 30–2, 41, 45 Neruda, Pablo, 61 Morel, Henri, 197 Netherlands, 117, 128, 135, 139, 186, Morioka, 58 228, 250, 284 Morocco, 156, 287, 291 New Delhi, 59, 143–4, 302, 304 Mother Teresa, 218 New Education Fellowship, 101 Moulin Vieux Children’s Community, The New Era, 101 101, 103, 107–8, 112 New Mexico, 242–3 Mount Mérapi, 292 New Orleans, 243, 249 multiculturalism, 4 New York, 32, 34, 36, 43, 46–7, 73, 75–9, Munich Quaker Student Center Library, 83–4, 239, 249, 284 58 New York Times, 5, 262 Muro-Mendez, José, 235 New York University, 5 Museum of Modern Art, New York, 79 New Zealand, 48, 186 Myrdal, Gunnar, 32, 221 Ngalula, Joseph, 174 334 Index

Niamey, 56 Palacio de Chapultepec, 243 Nielsen, Linda, 20 Palestine, 97, 105, 114, 134, 217, 290, Niger, 56 298 Nigeria, 35, 38, 141, 144, 184 Palleres., Dionisia Zamora, 256 Nile River Valley, 277, 282, 285 Panama, 35–6 Nilsson, Brita, 228 Pan, Liang, 17 Nishimura, Iwao, 130 Paotala Palace, 316 Nishina, Yoshio, 130 Paraguay, 31, 45 Nobel Prize for literature, 61, 66 Paris, 2, 4, 7, 16–18, 20, 36, 43–4, 46–8, Noblecourt, Christiane Desroches, 282, 74–5, 77–8, 83–4, 87, 89, 93, 101–3, 285 105, 118, 124, 137, 151, 172, 177, non-governmental organizations 196, 232–4, 239, 249–50, 253–4, (NGOs), 18, 27, 58, 60, 62, 76, 99, 262, 265 102, 177, 183, 281, 287, 292 p’Bitek, Okot, 34–5 Norden Associations, 224 Patras Common reading Room, 59 Nordenskiöld, Erland, 35–6 Pátzcuaro, 157, 233 Northern Ireland, 224 peace in the minds, 4, 8, 19, 27, 113, Northwestern University, 32, 45 163, 259, 266, 269 Norway, 48, 139, 182, 228 Persepolis, 310 Nozaki, Yoshihiro, 258 Peru, 150, 185, 188, 190–1, 193 Nubia, 272, 279–85, 295 Pestalozzi children’s villages, 99, 101, Nussbaum, Martha, 66 104–6, 110 Nygren, Thomas, xii, 12, 20, 201 Petersen, Everett, 62 Philadelphia, 243 Ochanomizu Women’s University, 265 Philae temples, 4, 283–4 Ochs, René, 243 Philippine University Library, 58 Odessa, 101 Philippines, 121–4, 126, 128, 137, 244, Odonne, Yvonne, 45 262, 267 Okacha, Saroïte, 282 Phillips, Herbert Moore, 53 Omar, Mohammad, 288 Piaget, Jean, 106 Opper, Conrad, 160 Picasso, Pablo, 31 Organisation des etudes pilot projects, 7, 12, 17, 65, 156, 159–60, post-universitaires, Zaïre (BEPUZA), 167 178 Pingel, Falk, 270 Organization of African Unity, 62 , 289 Organization of American States, 62, Poe, Edgar Allan, 57 247–8 Poland, 41, 48, 82, 96, 99, 101–2, 104, Ortiz, Pablo Campos, 234 109, 113–14, 127, 134–7, 139–40, Osaka, 58, 117, 120, 130 142, 144, 280 Osaka University Library, 58 Polish Committee of Liberation, 102 Osborn, Henry Fairfield, 34 Polish Refugees Committee, 101 Ostrowski, Alexander Marcowich, 194, Pope, Arthur, 302 197 Portugal, 43, 134 Otaka, Tomoo, 129 Powell, John Wesley, 34 Ottawa, 79 Prague National Museum Library, 58–9 Owens, Bruce McCoy, 290 Preah Vihear Temple, 290 Préaut, Robert, 108, 113 pacifism, 64, 99, 112, 127, 130, 308 Princess Marie of Denmark, 20 Pakistan, 40, 48, 139, 157, 184, 228, 285, Pritchard, Evans, 35 304 Public Library Manifesto, 142–5 Index 335

Puerto Rico, 235, 244, 254 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 38, 131 Purchasing and Distribution Centre for Rorimer, James, 282 Scholastic Materials, D.R., Congo, Rotha, Paul, 86 175 Rotten, Elisabeth, 110 Pushkin, Alexander, 57 Rouch, Jean, 38 Roumain, Jacques, 43 Qala Ikhtyaruddin Citadel, 304 Ruchat, Martine, xii, 19, 99 Quillen, I., James, 255 Ruiz, Ramón García, 256 Quito, 59 Russell, Bertrand, 38 Russia, 226, 288 Rabat, 37 Rwanda, 224 race program, 5–7, 11–12, 14, 32–5, Ryan, Fiona, 20 38–9, 46–7, 103, 108, 167, 199, 203, 209–10, 216–18, 222, 227 Saikawa, Takashi, xii, 9, 19, 116 Rachel’s Tomb, 290 Samarkand, 307 racism, 5, 11, 29, 32, 38–9, 47, 203, Sanchez, G.I., 255 209–10, 216–18, 222, 227 Santaella, Mario, 256 Raczkiewicz, Władysław, 101–2 Santo Domingo, 244 radio, 5, 10, 17, 26–7, 37, 60, 66, 73, 76, Sarmiento, Domingo Faustino, 248 79, 81–2, 157, 172, 175, 210, 253 Sar-o-Tar, 308 Radwan, Abdul-Foutouh, 254 Säve-Söderbergh, Torgny, 282 Ramirez, Rafael, 255 Scerrato, Umberto, 305, 308 Ramos, Arthur, 32 Scharp, Vilhelm, 228 Recommendation Concerning the Schiwy, Angela, 89 International Standardization of Schlumberger, Daniel, 301, 308, 311 Statistics Relating to Book Schmitt, Carl, 33 Production and Periodicals, 54 Schoeneich, Wanda, 101 reconstruction, 9, 58, 74, 84–5, 87, Schubert, Mario, 122 97–148, 163, 241, 257–8, 270, 280, Scuola-Città, Florence, 100 307 Secretaria de educación (SEP), Mexico, Redel, Olga, 46 235–6, 238, 240, 250, 252 Regional Center for Kushan History, 304 Semaines d’Études pur l’Enfance Victime Regional Centre of Fundamental de la Guerre, 106, 112 Education in Latin America Sen, S., 254 (CREFAL), 155, 157–8, 233 Sendai, 117, 120, 122 Regional Postgraduate School of Sendai UNESCO Cooperative Integrated Management of Tropical Association, 117, 122 Forests, D.R., Congo, 178 Senegal, 291 Reyes, Alfonso, 253, 255 Seneviratne, Sudharshan, 290 Reynolds, Florence, 54 Serbia, 226 Rheydt Public Library, 58 Serviss, Trevor K., 255 Rigaud, Jacques, 63 Seth, Ivar, 228 Rimini, 100 Sèvres, 104, 234–5, 239–44, 249, 265 Rio de Janeiro, 43, 191, 249 Seymour, David, 96, 109–10 Robben Island, 12 Shanghai, 120, 316 Rockefeller Foundation, 62 Shar-i-Shokhta, 308–9 Rock-Hewn Churches, 291 Shepherd, Robert, 318 Rodhe, Birgit, 228 Shils, Edward, 40 Romania, 101, 113, 226 Sichuan, 317 Rome, 281, 303 Siegburg, vi 336 Index

Siegel, Lois, 20 Swedish National School Board, 211 Sierra, Justo, 248 Swedish Research Council, 223 Sikorski, Władysław, 102 Swiss Cultural Films, 109 Singh, J.P., 291 Switzerland, 22, 29, 48, 99, 102, 104, Siqueiros, David Alfaro, 246 106, 109, 111–12, 135, 139, 142, Sirs-el-Layyan, 158 167, 186, 228, 303 Sistan, 305 Sydney, Edward, 143 Slovakia, 226 Syria, 305 Smithsonian Institution, 33–4, 43 Snow, C.P., 42 Tagore, Rabindranath, 57 social sciences, 33, 174–75, 188, 191–2, Tai Mountain, 318 194, 197 Tajikistan, 306 sociology, 174, 191 Takizala, Henry, 173 Solórzano, Soledad Anaya, 256 Taliban, 276, 288 South Africa, 6–7, 12, 14, 16, 139, Tardits, Claude, 36, 40, 46 216–17 Tarsi, Temar, 304 Southern Methodist University, 255 Taylor, Ken, 290 Soyinka, Wole, 35 technical assistance, 19, 61, 63–4, 151, Spain, 39, 57, 66, 93, 109, 144, 241, 253, 157–8, 164, 168–95, 285 255, 284, 287 Teheran, 301, 304–5 Spengler, Oswald, 238 television, 27, 38, 60, 66–7 Sri Lanka, 290 Terenzio, P.C., 173, 176 Staden, Hans van, 43 Texas, 242–3 standardization, 53, 66–7 Textbook Approval and Research Stanford University, 255 Council, japan, 160 State Administration for Cultural textbook revisions, 10, 12, 14–15, 19, Heritage, China, 315–16, 320 205–6, 231–75 State Bureau of Cultural Relics, China, Thailand, 139, 164, 184, 290 315 Thomas, Jean, 61 Stein, Aurel, 307 Tibet, 300, 316, 319–20 Steinbeck, John, 48 Timbuktu, 289 Steiner, Lasse, 291 Timurid, 307 Stockholm, 56 Todd, Paul Lewis, 255 Stokke, Olav, 182, 186 Tokugawa, Yorisada, 129 Stone Forest, 317–18 Tokyo, 117–18, 120, 122, 124–6, 260, Sudan, 4, 280, 282–5 262, 265, 267, 269, 272 Suez Crisis, 220, 282 Tokyo UNESCO Cooperative Summer School for Librarians, 132, Association, 125 139–42 Tokyo University, 129, 269 Superior Normal School, Mexico City, Tomb of Askia, 289 235 Tomb of the Patriarchs, 290 Supreme Commander of the Allied Tondeur, Philippe, 197 Powers (SCAP), 31, 97, 118–30, 258, Tongji University, 316 262, 267, 273–4 Tongnae Rehabilitation Centre, 26 Suzhou, 316–17 Tosi, Maurizio, 309 Suzuki, Tadakatsu, 129, 266, 271 Toynbee, Arnold J., 42, 238 Sweden, 12, 14, 20, 35, 141–2, 156, 185, translation, 6, 11, 15–16, 35, 51, 57, 122, 201–30 135, 142, 144, 264, 315 Swedish National Agency for Education, Trogen, 99, 101–8, 110–11, 113 211 Trousdale, 308 Index 337

Truman, Harry S., 182 associations, 117, 122, 124–5, 129–30, Tucuman, 31, 45 262, 273 Tunisia, 285 clubs, 10, 27, 177, 261–2, 264–5, 271, Turkey, 61, 139 273 Commission for the Reconstruction of Ueda, Koichi, 122 Education, Science and Culture, Uganda, 34 102 Ugarte, José Bravo, 255 Commission on Technical Needs, 81 Ukraine, 82, 226 Courier, 29, 39–41, 44, 47, 74, 76, 108, UN (United Nations), 10, 17, 27, 32–3, 135–6, 138, 157, 284 41, 52, 54, 56, 60, 62–4, 73–94, Department of Applied Science, 53 100–1, 122–3, 129–30, 138, 155–56, Department of Documentation, 158, 162–4, 167–73, 176, 182–4, Libraries and Archives, 52, 54, 198–9, 203, 205, 209, 212–14, 217, 132–3, 140 220, 227, 234, 238–9, 248, 256, 264 Department of Education, 159–60, Academic Council, 271 162, 172, 243 Administrative Committee on Department of Mass Communication, Co-ordination, 156 5, 78–9, 83 Audiovisual Library, 75 Department of Social Science, 5, 32, Charter, 63, 264 40, 54 Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 52, 109, Division for Arts and Letters, 50, 57 172 Division for Copyright, 55 Consultative Committee on Public Division for Films and Visual Information, 76 Information, 76–7, 84 Department of Public Information, 73, Division for Fundamental Education, 75–80, 83 157, 160, 165 Development Program (UNDP), 62, Division of Publications, 51 150, 162, 171, 186 Division of Relations with members Economic and Social Council States, 195–6 (ECOSOC), 53, 123–4, 129, 162, Division of Scientific and 182 Technological Documentation, 54 Film Board (UNFB), 73–94 Division for the Study of Race Films and Visual Information Problems, 32 Division, 77 Education Clearing House, 157 General Assembly, 79, 169, 182 Expert Committee on Japanese Information Office in Mexico, 234 Questions, 267–8, 275 Korean Reconstruction Agency, 26 Headquarters, 2, 3–5, 7, 9–10, 17–19, Office in Japan, 265 27, 36, 44, 46, 61–2, 74, 86, 93, Peace keeping forces, 169 102, 117–18, 120, 122–4, 160–1, Population Fund, 162 175, 196, 234, 243, 249, 262, 264, Relief and Rehabilitation 266–7, 273, 319, 323, 319 Administration (UNRRA), 30, History Project, 3 76–9, 82, 90 International Literary Exchanges Security Council, 213 Center, 53 Social Department, 155 Non-Governmental Organizations Technical Assistance Program, 15, 19, Section, 76 64, 151, 158, 164, 168–95, 285 Preparatory Commission, 102, 153–4, UNESCO (United Nations Educational, 163, 233 Scientific and Cultural Organization) Science Cooperation Office for Latin Archives, 16–17, 75, 89, 158 America, 190, 193 338 Index

UNESDOC, 9 Vasconcelos, José, 236 Union of Orientalist Societies, 300 Venezuela, 144, 185, 188, 190, 193 Union of Orientalist Unit 731, 261, 272 Veracruz, 244–5 United Arab Republic (UAR), 282–4 Vera,Luz,256 United International Bureau for the Verger, Pierre, 38, 43 Protection of Intellectual Property, Vernier, Louis, 254 55–6 Veronese, Vittorino, 169, 283–4 United Kingdom, 31, 39–42, 48, 50, Vico, Giambattista, 44 58–9, 62, 74, 78, 80, 82, 85, 89, 101, Vienna, 103, 217 105, 113, 115, 135, 138–41, 185–6, Vietnam, 130, 217 205, 215, 218, 228, 254, 257, 262, Villa, Pancho, 245, 255 165, 282, 288, 301–2 Villar, Ernesto de la Torre, 234 unity in diversity, 201–2, 208, 210, 215, Villegas, Daniel Cosío, 243, 253, 255 220, 222, 231 Vinci, Leonardo da, 222 Universal Copyright Convention, 54–6, Vissìere, M., 160 61 Universal Declaration on Cultural Wallenberg, Raoul, 218 Diversity, 208 Wang, Shi-Yu, 289 universalism, 4, 83, 110 Warhol, Andy, 222–3 Universal Postal Union, 172 Warsaw, 96, 101, 103, 136 Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 193 Washburne, Carleton, 113 Université Paris-Sorbonne, 36, 101, 137 Washington Copyright Office, 62 University of Geneva, 170 Wells, H.G., 42 University of Kinshasa, 175 West Bank, 290 University of Mexico, 242, 255 Western Samoa, 182 University of Oxford, 34 Whitaker, Arthur, 255 University of Pennsylvania, 305 Whitaker, Arthur P., 255 University of Strasbourg, 303–4 Winnetka School Plan, 113 University of Teheran, 304 Wisconsin, 254 University of Texas, 255 women, 109, 178, 203, 209, 215–21 University of Tucuman, 31 Woolley, Leonard, 305 Uruguay, 186, 190, 193, 228, 232 World Health Organization (WHO), 17, USA, 6, 16, 32, 34, 43, 50, 53, 55, 57–9, 78, 155, 158, 172 61, 79–81, 84, 87, 89, 102–3, 105, world heritage, 4, 9, 12, 15, 17, 20, 51–2, 113, 121, 123, 135, 139, 141–2, 159, 201, 203, 208–10, 212, 216–17, 218, 165, 176, 182, 185–6, 206, 216–18, 276–324 221, 228, 236, 242–5, 247, 249, 255, World Heritage Institute of Training and 259–60, 265, 284, 288, 298, Research, China, 316 303 World Intellectual Property US-Mexico Bilateral Commission, 242 Organization, 56 USSR, 16, 40, 82, 85, 102, 134, 169, 176, World Meteorological Organization, 172 185, 206, 217, 252, 263, 282, 304, World War I, 75, 205 306, 308 World War II, vi, 3, 7–9, 14, 17, 27, 38, US Supreme Court, 6 43, 49–51, 67, 75, 85, 87, 96–7, 99, Utsunomiya University, 265 105, 112, 116, 125–6, 131–2, 198, 201, 203–5, 209, 211, 214, 228, Valdés, Dolores, 256 231–2, 236, 242, 259, 261, 270, 280, Vallado, Silvio Arturo Zavala, 282, 301, 307–9, 311 255 Wright, Basil, 86 Valseca, José García, 256 Wright, Richard, 41 Index 339

Xi, Jinping, 319 Yinxu, 318, 320 Xie, Zheping, 321 YMCA, 120 Xu, Ming, 321 Yugoslavia, 186, 228 Yunnan, 318 Yale University, 48, 104 Yamashita, Nagahiro, 271 Zavala, Silvio, 238–45, 248–9, 253, Yañez, Austín, 256 255 Yan, Yanchu, 154 Zhang, Bai, 315 Yaoundé, 53 Zhangjiajei Geopark, 318 Ydesen, Christian, xi, 8, 10–11, 13, 20, Ziad, Raim, 302 231 Zimmern, Alfred, 82 , 314 Zurich, 109 Yen, James, 154 Zygmund, Antoni, 197