Melioidosis: a Potentially Life Threatening Infection
CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION Melioidosis: A Potentially Life Threatening Infection SH How, MMed*, CK Liam, FRCP*· *Department of Internal Medicine, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, FO.Box 141, 27510, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, **Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysIa Introduction example in Thailand, it is most commonly seen in the north-eastern region with an incidence of 4.4 per Melioidosis is caused by the gram-negative bacillus, 100,000 population per year'. In Northern Australia, Burkholderia pseudomallei, a common soil and fresh the incidence is higher (16.5 per 100,000 populations water saprophyte in tropical and subtropical regions. It 4 per yearY than that in Thailand • The incidence in is endemic in tropical Australial and in Southeast Asian Pahang and Singapore is 6.1 per 100, 000 population 23 4 countries, particularly Malaysia , Thailand and per year3 and 1.7 per 100,000 population per yearS, Singapores. However, only few doctors in these respectively. However, the true incidence may be endemic areas are fully aware of this infection. Hence, higher than that reported as most of these studies the management of this infection is often not included culture-confirmed cases only. Furthermore, appropriate and suboptimal. A recent study in Pahang some patients with mild infection from the rural areas has shown the incidence of this infection in Pahang3 is may not present to the hospital. More and more 4 comparable with that in northern Thailand • The melioidosis cases are being reported from previously overall mortality from this infection remains extremely unreported parts of the world especially southern high despite recent advancement in its treatment.
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