Movements and Distribution of the Porcupine Caribou Herd, 1970-1990
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MOVEMENTS AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE PORCUPINE CARIBOU HERD, 1970-1990 Donald E. Russell Kenneth R. Whitten Richard Farnell Debbie van de Watering TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES No. 138 Pacific and Yukon Region 1992 Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Environnement 1+1 Canada Canada Canada Canadian Wildlife Service Canadien Service de Ia faune . TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES CANADIAN WILDLIFE SERVICE This series of reports, established in 1986, contains technical and scientific information from projects of the Canadian Wildlife Service. The reports are intended to make available material that either is of interest to a limited audience or is too extensive to be accommodated in scientific journals or in existing CWS series. Demand for these Technical Reports is usually confined to specialists in the fields concerned. Consequently, they are produced regionally and in small quantities; they can be obtained only from the address given on the back of the title page. However, they are numbered nationally. The recommended citation appears on the title page. Technical Reports are available in CWS libraries and are listed with the DOBIS system in major scientific libraries across Canada. They are printed in the official language chosen by the author to meet the language preference of the likely audience. To determine whether there is significant demand for making the reports available in the second official language, CWS invites users to specify their official language preference. Requests for Technical Reports in the second official language should be sent to the address on the back of the title page. SERlE DE RAPPORTS TECHNIQUES DU SERVICE CANADIEN DE LA FAUNE Cette serie de rapports donnant des informations scientifiques et techniques sur les projets du Service canadien de la faune (SCF) a demarre en 1986. L’objet de ces rapports est de promouvoir la diffusion d’etudes s’adressant a un public restreint ou trop volumineuses pour paraitre dans une revue scientifique ou I’une des series du SCF. Ordinairement, seuls les specialistes des sujets traites demandent ces rapports techniques. Ces documents ne sont donc produits qu’a I’echelon regional et en quantites limitees; ils ne peuvent etre obtenus qu’a I’adresse figurant au dos de la page titre. Cependant, leur numerotage est effectue a I’echelle nationale. La citation recommandee apparait a la page titre. Ces rapports se trouvent dans les bibliotheques du SCF et figurent aussi dans les listes du systeme de reference DOBIS utilise dans les principales bibliotheques scientifiques du Canada. IIs sont publies dans la langue officielle choisie par I’auteur en fonction du public vise. En vue de determiner si la demande est suff isamment importante pour produire ces rapports dans la deuxieme langue officielle, le SCF invite les usagers a lui indiquer leur langue officielle preferee. II faut envoyer les demandes de rapports techniques dans la deuxieme langue officielle a I’adresse indiquee au verso de la page titre. Cover illustration is by R. W. Butler and may not be used for any other purpose without the artist’s writfen permission. L’illustration de la couverture est une euvre de R.W. Butler. €//e ne peut dans aucun cas efre utilisee sans avoir obtenu prealablemeni la permission ecrite de l’auteur. MOVEMENTS AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE PORCUPINE CARIBOU HERD, 1970 - 1990 Donald E. Russell Kenneth R. Whitten Richard Farnell Debbie van de Wetering Technical Report Series No. 138 Pacific and Yukon Region 1992 Canadain Wildlife Service This series may be cited as: Russell, D. E., K. R. Whitten, R. Farnell and D. van de Wetering. 1992. Movements and distribution of the Porcupine Caribou Herd, 1970 - 1990. Technical Report Series No. 138. Canadian Wildlife Service, Pacific and Yukon Region, British Columbia Issued under the Authority- of the Minister of Environment Canadian Wildlife Service @Ministry of Supply and Services Canada 1988 Catalogue No. CW69-5/138E ISBN 0-662-19252-Y ISSN 0831-64ai Copies may be obtained from: Canadian Wildlife Service Pacific and Yukon Region P.O. Box .340, Delta, British Columbia Canada V4K 3Y3 .. MOVEMENTS AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE PORCUPINE CARIBOU HERD, 1970 - 1990 - D.E. Russell', K.R. Whitten2, R. Farnel13, and D. van de Weteringl ABSTRACT This report represents 20 years of data on the movements and distribution of the international Porcupine Caribou Herd. Surveys have been conducted by numerous companies and government agencies in response to a few significant development proposals. These data have lain in scattered, sometimes contradictory reports, government files and on raw radio tracking data forms. We have attempted to bring together all known data (digitized on a SPANS geographic information system) in order to standardize the information that is increasingly being used, for example, to map sensitive habitats or explore distributions in relation to snow conditions and insect levels. For all distributions, the area occupied and, when available, an estimate of the number of animals associated with each distribution is reported. The report cautions the limitations of these data, however. RESUME Ce rapport presente 20 ans de donnees sur les mouvements et la distribution du troupeau de caribous Porcupine. En rgponse 3 quelques importants projets de developpement, des recensements furent conduits par des compagnies privbes et des agences gouvernementales. Ces donnees sont dispersees dans plusieurs rapports souvent contradictoires, dans des banques de donn6es gouvernementales, et sur des formulaires de r6levOs de tilemgtrie. Nous avons essay6 d'amalgamer toutes les donnies (digitalisees sur un systeme d'information SPANS) de fagon standardisee. Ces donn6es pourront par exemple servir a cartographier les habitats sensibles ou a analyser la distribution en fonction des conditions de neige ou de l'abondance des insectes. Nous pr6sentons pour chaque distribution la superficie occup6e et, lorsque disponible, un estim6 du Hombre d'animaux associis a chaque distribution. Le rapport identifie egalement les limites associees a ces donnees. 1 Canadian Wildlife Service, Box 6010, Whitehore, Yukon, Y1A 5L7 , 2 Alaska Dept. of Fish and Game, 1300 College Road, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99701 3 Yukon Fish and Wildlife Branch, Box 2703, Whitehorse, Yukon, Y1A 2C6 TABLE OF CONTENTS 8 INTRODUCTION ........................ 1 SURVEYMETHODS ........................ 2 TO 'JSE THIS REPORT ..................... 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................... 3 FIGURE 1: Basemap of the Porcupine Caribou Herd Range ... 4 FIGURE 2: Calving Distribution 1972 ............. 5 FIGURE 3: Calving Distribution 1973 ............. 6 FIGURE 4: Calving Distribution 1974 ............. 7 FIGURE 5: Calving Distribution 1975 ............. 8 FIGURE 6: Calving Distribution 1976 ............. 9 FIGURE 7: Calving Distribution 1977 ............. 10 FIGURE 8: Calving Distribution 1978 ............. 11 FIGURE 9: Calving Distribution 1979 ............. 12 FIGURE 10: Calving Distribution 1980 ............ 13 FIGURE 11: Calving Distribution 1981 ............ 14 FIGURE 12: Calving Distribution 1982 ............ 15 FIGURE 13: Calving Distribution 1983 ............ 16 FIGURE 14: Calving Distribution 1984 ............ 17 FIGURE 15: Calving Distribution 1985 ............ 18 FIGURE 16: Calving Distribution 1986 ............ 19 FIGURE 17: Calving Distribution 1987 ............ 20 FIGURE 18: Calving Distribution 1988 ............ 21 FIGURE 19: Calving Distribution 1989 ............ 22 FIGURE 20: Calving Distribution 1990 ............ 23 FIGURE 21: Early Winter 1970/71 ............... 24 FIGURE 22: Early Summer 1971 ................ 25 FIGURE 23: Early and Mid Summer 1971 ............ 26 FIGURE 24: Mid Summer 1971 ................. 27 FIGURE 25: Mid and Late Summer 1971 ............. 28 FIGURE 26: Early Winter 1971/72 ............... 29 FIGURE 27: Late Winter 1971/72 ............... 30 FIGURE 28: Early Summer 1972 ................. 31 FIGURE 29: Mid Summer 1972 ................. 32 FIGURE 30: Late Summer 1972 ................. 33 FIGURE 31: Rut1972 .....................34 FIGURE 32: Early Winter 1972/73 ............... 35 FIGURE 33: Spring 1973 ................... 36 FIGURE 34.. Spring Migration 1973 .............. 37 FIGURE 35: Early Summer 1973 ................ 38 FIGURE 36: Mid Sunuuer 1973 ................. 39 FIGURE 37: Late Summer 1973 .................. 40 FIGURE 38: Late Fall 1973 .................. 41 FIGURE 39: Late Winter and Spring 1974 ........... 42 FIGURE 40: Mid Summer 1974 ................. 43 FIGURE 41: Late Summer 1974 ................. 44 FIGURE 42: Fall Migration 1974 ............... 45 FIGURE 43: Mid-Late Winter and Spring 1975 ......... 46 FIGURE 44: Movement 1975 .................. 47 FIGURE 45: Mid Summer 1975 ............... 48 FIGURE 46: Late Fall, Early Winter, Mid Winter 75/76 . 49 FIGURE 47: Early Summer 1976 ................ 50 FIGURE 48: Fall Migration 1976 ................ 51 FIGURE 49: Early Winter 1976. Mid and Late Winter 1977 ... 52 FIGURE 50: Mia Summer 1977 ................. 53 FIGURE Si: Early Winter 1977/78 ............... 54 FIGURE 52: Mid and Late Winter 1977/78 ........... 55 FIGURE 53: Early Summer 1978 ................ 56 FIGURE 54: Early Summer 1978 ................ 57 FIGURE 55: Mid Summer 1978 ................. 58 FIGURE 56: Late Summer 1978 ................. 59 FIGURE 57: Late Fall 1978 .................. 60 FIGURE 58: Early. Mid and Late Winter 1978/79 ........ 61 FIGURE 59: Calving Period - Bull Distribution 1979 ..... 62 FIGURE 60: Movement 1979 .................. 63 FIGURE 61: Early Summer