PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 107(4), 2005, pp. 903±913

REVIEW OF OREGOCERATA RAZOWSKI (: : ) WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR NEW SPECIES

JOÂ ZEF RAZOWSKI AND JOHN W. B ROWN

(JR) Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Systematic Zoology, Slawkowska 17, Krakow, Poland; (JWB) Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, ࡆ National Museum of Natural History, Smith- sonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. (e- mail: [email protected])

Abstract.ÐOregocerata is a poorly known genus restricted to the Andes and its asso- ciated ranges in northwestern South America (i.e., Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia) usually above 2000 m. Specimens are exceedingly rare in collections; most species are known only from the holotype male. We describe and illustrate four new species: O. triangulana (TL: Colombia), O. caucana (TL: Colombia), O. quadrifurcata (TL: Colom- bia), and O. submontana (TL: Venezuela); and we propose a new combination, Ore- gocerata chrysodetis (Meyrick). As currently de®ned the genus includes 9 species. It is assigned to Euliini on the basis of the possession of a characteristic hairpencil on the prothoracic leg. Key Words: , systematics, Andes, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Venezuela

Oregocerata Razowski, 1988, is one of zontal diameter of the compound eye), long several poorly known genera of Neotropical antennal cilia in the male, and a patch of Euliini apparently restricted to the higher long, ¯attened orange scales extending elevations of the Andes and its associated from the base of the proboscis to the area ranges in northwestern South America. between the bases of the foreleg coxae. The Species of Oregocerata have been recorded male genitalia usually are characterized by from Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and a short, somewhat digitate process at the in- Bolivia, primarily at elevations above about ner base of the sacculus; a narrow, fringed 2000 m. Specimens are rare in collections, ¯ange or group of spiniform setae from the dorsum of the phallus (at the junction of the with about half the species represented only phallobase and aedeagus) representing a by the holotype. Nothing is known of the modi®cation of the anellus; and a highly biology. modi®ed distal portion of the gnathos. Originally described as monotypic, the However, because the genitalic characters genus includes four described species: O. have a mosaic distribution among the in- orcula Razowski, O. cladognathos Razows- cluded species, none is a convincing syna- ki, O. rhyparograpta Razowski and Becker, pomorphy for the genus. Females are and O. zonalis Razowski and Becker. Four known only for O. orcula and O. zonalis. new species and one new combination, O. The genus is assigned to Euliini based on chrysodetis (Meyrick), are proposed herein. the possession of a characteristic hairpencil Super®cially, all species share elongate la- of the prothoracic leg in the male (Brown bial palpi (length 2.0±3.0 times the hori- 1990). 904 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Table 1. Male genitalia characters distinguishing species of Oregocerata. See text for description of char- acters and character states.

Species Sacculus Lobe Anellus Gnathos Uncus Socii orcula absent unmodi®ed moderate unmodi®ed broad distally cladognathos weak unmodi®ed long unmodi®ed digitate throughout zonalis weak unmodi®ed long re¯exed distally broad throughout triangulana present with spines very long unmodi®ed digitate throughout rhyparograpta present with thorns long unmodi®ed digitate throughout submontana present with spines moderate unmodi®ed digitate throughout quadrifurcata present unmodi®ed short, blunt expanded distally broad throughout caucana present with spines short, curved unmodi®ed digitate throughout

The purpose of this paper is to review the ®nely spined membrane attached to the dor- four described species, describe and illus- sum of the phallus at the junction of the trate four new species, and propose one phallobase and the aedeagus. It is conspic- new combination in the genus. The follow- uous and well de®ned in O. caucana, O. ing institutional abbreviations are used in triangulana, and O. rhyparograpta (the the text: BMNH ϭ The Natural History small projections are more thornlike than Museum, London, England; UCB ϭ Essig narrow spinelike in the last), and weak or Museum of Entomology, University of Cal- absent in the remaining species. ``Gnathos'' ifornia, Berkeley, USA; USNM ϭ National refers to the shape and/or length of the dis- Museum of Natural History, Washington, tal portion of the gnathos arms. The gnathos D.C., USA; and VBC ϭ Vitor O. Becker has an unmodi®ed basal portion and a var- personal collection, Planaltina, Brazil. Oth- iably modi®ed distal part, which is extreme- er abbreviations are as follows: ca. ϭ circa ly short and blunt in O. quadrifurcata, short (approximately); GS ϭ genitalia slide; n ϭ (less that 0.25 the length of the basal por- number examined. tion of the gnathos) and curved in O. cau- cana, and slender and long (0.5±0.7 times SYSTEMATICS the length of the basal portion) to very long Oregocerata Razowski, 1988 (equal to or longer than the basal portion) in the remaining species. ``Uncus'' refers to Oregocerata Razowski 1988: 392, 1997: the shape of the uncus, which is slightly 92, 1999: 328; Powell et al. 1995: 145; modi®ed in some species, but highly diver- Razowski and Becker 2002. Type spe- gent in O. quadrifurcata, with an expanded, cies: Oregocerata orcula Razowski 1988, four-pointed apical process, and somewhat by original designation. re¯exed dorsally in O. zonalis. ``Socii'' re- The species included in Oregocerata (ex- fers to the shape and relative width of the cluding O. chrysodetis that lacks an abdo- socii. men) can be separated by structures of the male genitalia. A summary of the most con- Oregocerata orcula Razowski spicuous characters is presented in Table 1. (Figs. 1, 9) In Table 1, ``Sacculus lobe'' refers to the Oregocerata orcula Razowski 1988: 393 digitate process at the inner base of the sac- (description, illustration of male and fe- culus. It is absent in O. orcula, represented male genitalia); Powell et al. 1995: 145 by a weakly swollen, setose mound in O. (checklist). zonalis and O. cladognathos, and is a prom- inent digitate process in the remaining spe- Diagnosis.ÐSuper®cially, O. orcula is cies. Anellus ``with spines'' refers to the similar to its congeners, with a grayish VOLUME 107, NUMBER 4 905

Figs. 1±3. Male genitalia of Oregocerata; valvae spread, aedeagus removed. 1, O. orcula, 2, O. cladogna- thos, 3. O. zonalis. 906 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON brown forewing lacking distinct pattern el- cally re¯exed distal portion of the uncus, ements. The male genitalia (Fig. 1) are which is unique within the genus. The socii characterized by the absence of the digitate of the three are also distinct: narrow and process from the base of the sacculus, un- digitate in O. cladognathos, conspicuously modi®ed anellus, moderately long distal broadened in the distal portion in O. orcula, processes of the gnathos, simple uncus, and and moderately broad throughout in O. zon- extremely broad distal portion of the socii. alis. The female genitalia (Fig. 10) have the The last is the most conspicuous autapo- sterigma tapering proximally, broader and morphy for the species. In the female gen- less strongly sclerotized than in O. orcula. italia (Fig. 9) the ventral lobes of the eighth Holotype.Ð(, Ecuador, Loja Province, tergite are large; and the anterior portion of Loja, 2750, 21 Dec 1992, V. Becker (VBC). the sterigma is rounded, strongly sclero- Paratypes.Ð1 (, same data as holotype; tized, and slightly asymmetrical. 2 (, Ecuador, Morona, Indanza, 2,800 m, Holotype.Ð(, Bolivia, Cochabamba, In- 24 Dec 1992, V. Becker (VBC); 1&, Ec- cachaca, tropical cloud area, 2,100 m, 27 uador, Tungurahua, Patata, 300 m, 7 Dec Aug±5 Sep 1956, L. PenÄa (USNM). 1992, V. Becker (VBC). Paratype.Ð1 &, same data as holotype. Oregocerata triangulana Razowski and Oregocerata cladognathos Razowski Brown, new species (Fig. 2) (Figs. 4, 11) Oregocerata cladognathos Razowski 1999: Diagnosis.ÐThe forewing of O. trian- 328 (description, illustration of male gen- gulana (Fig. 11) is conspicuously longer italia). than that of its congeners, and has an ill- de®ned brown trapezoidal patch in the mid- Diagnosis.ÐOregocerata cladognathos dle. The male genitalia (Fig. 4) are similar is similar to its congeners in forewing size to those of O. cladognathos and O. rhypar- and pattern. The male genitalia (Fig. 2) can ograpta, with elongate distal processes of be distinguished by the slightly swollen the gnathos and a somewhat straight distal base of the sacculus, unmodi®ed anellus, portion of the aedeagus. The genitalia can moderately long distal processes of the gna- be distinguished from those of O. cladog- thos, simple uncus, and digitate socii. nathos by the longer distal processes of the Holotype.Ð(, Ecuador, Pichincha Prov- gnathos, conspicuous basal lobe of the sac- ince, km 40 via Quito-Pto. Quito, 25 Mar culus, shorter aedeagus, and spiny lobes of 1986, S. McKamey (UCB). the anellus. They differ from O. rhyparo- Oregocerata zonalis Razowski and Becker grapta by the longer distal processes of the (Figs. 3, 10) gnathos, the slightly more slender aedeagus, and the spiny anellus, which is thorny in O. Oregocerata zonalis Razowski and Becker rhyparograpta (i.e., the projections are 2002: 316 (description, illustration of broader and/or shorter). male and female genitalia). Description.ÐHead: Vertex pale grayish Diagnosis.ÐThe male genitalia of O. brown, rust ventrolaterally; length of labial zonalis (Fig. 3) are most similar to those of palpus ca. 3 times horizontal diameter of O. orcula and O. cladognathos, with the compound eye, pale grayish brown on inner basal lobe of the sacculus poorly developed surface, pale orange brown on outer sur- and the distal portion of the gnathos rela- face; fan-shaped patch of ¯attened orange tively long and slender. O. zonalis can be scales extending from base of proboscis to distinguished by the simple transtilla, which between foreleg coxae, with a few scales at is bilobed in O. orcula and has a single me- middle of patch extending ca. 2 times dian lobe in O. cladognathos, and the api- length of other scales. Thorax: Dorsum pale VOLUME 107, NUMBER 4 907

Figs. 4±6. Male genitalia of Oregocerata; valvae spread, aedeagus removed. 4, O. triangulana, 5, O. rhy- parograpta, 6. O. submontana. 908 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON grayish brown. Prothoracic leg with hair- those of O. triangulana, with a well-devel- pencil. Forewing length 12.0 mm (n ϭ 3), oped basal lobe of the sacculus, digitate so- broad, expanding terminally, with costa cii, and long, slender distal processes of the uniformly convex, apex short, termen rather gnathos. O. rhyparograpta can be distin- straight; ground color whitish, weakly suf- guished by the slightly longer phallus with fused with scattered tiny brown specks and a thorny anellus and the conspicuously faint brown striae, especially in distal half; shorter distal processes of the gnathos. costa with irregular band of brown scales; Holotype.Ð(, Ecuador, Pastasa Prov- a pale trapezoidal brown blotch near middle ince, Mera, 1,300 m, Dec 1992, V. Becker of wing. Fringe cream, whiter towards tor- (VBC). nus. Hindwing white, tinged with cream on periphery, weakly strigulated with pale gray Oregocerata submontana Razowski and brown in anteroterminal portion. Abdomen: Brown, new species Male genitalia (Fig. 4; drawn from GS (Figs. 6, 12) USNM 68602) with tegumen rather narrow; Diagnosis.ÐThe poorly developed fore- uncus comparatively short, curved ventrally wing pattern of O. submontana (Fig. 12) is from near base, rounded apically; socii similar to most other congeners. The male moderately large, densely setose, ca. 0.8 genitalia (Fig. 6) of O. submontana can be length of basal portion of gnathos; gnathos distinguished by the shorter uncus, shorter arms relatively slender, distal processes lon- socii, shape of the distal portion of the ae- ger than basal portion; transtilla broad, shal- deagus, and the absence of cornuti. low W-shaped, weakly sclerotized at mid- Description.ÐHead: Vertex pale grayish dle; valva rounded distally, with costa and brown, rust ventrolaterally; length of labial ventral margin weakly curved; a conspicu- palpus ca. 3 times horizontal diameter of ous, dorsally projecting, digitate process at compound eye, pale grayish brown on inner base of sacculus; phallus short, phallobase surface, pale orange brown on outer sur- slightly longer than aedeagus; a short, spiny face; fan-shaped patch of ¯attened orange skirt at dorsal junction of phallobase and scales between foreleg coxae and base of aedeagus (ϭ lobes of anellus); aedeagus proboscis, with a few scales at middle of slender, with a sclerotized distal process; patch extending posterad ca. 2 times length vesica with one large and two small, ®ne of other scales. Thorax: Dorsum pale gray- cornuti. Female: Unknown. ish brown. Prothoracic leg with hairpencil. Holotype.Ð(, Colombia, Cauca, PaÂra- Forewing length 10.5 mm (n ϭ 1), broad, mo de Parace, Lake San Rafael, 29 Jan expanding terminally, with costa uniformly 1959, J. F. G. Clarke (USNM). convex, termen rather straight; [specimen Paratypes.Ð2 (, same data as holotype worn] ground color whitish, weakly suf- (USNM). fused with scattered tiny brown specks; a Etymology.ÐThe speci®c epithet refers pale brown median fascia from costa ca. 0.6 to the subtriangular patch of the forewing. distance from base; basal 0.3 with darker scaling. [Fringe lacking]. Hindwing white, Oregocerata rhyparograpta weakly strigulated with pale gray-brown in Razowski and Becker anteroterminal portion. Abdomen: Male (Fig. 5) genitalia (Fig. 6; drawn from GS USNM Oregocerata rhyparograpta Razowski and 95215) with tegumen rather narrow; uncus Becker 2002: 316 (description, illustra- shorter than in other species, curved ven- tion of male genitalia). trally, pointed apically; socii broad, densely setose, ca. 0.6ϫ length of basal portion of Diagnosis.ÐThe male genitalia of O. gnathos; gnathos arms relatively slender, rhyparograpta (Fig. 5) are most similar to distal processes less than twice as long as VOLUME 107, NUMBER 4 909

Figs. 7±8. Male genitalia of Oregocerata; valvae spread, aedeagus removed. 7, O. caucana 8, O. quadri- furcata. basal portion; transtilla broad, shallow W- bu National Park, 13 km SE Sanare, 4,800Ј, shaped, weakly sclerotized at middle; valva cloud forest, 4±7 Mar 1978, J. B. Heppner somewhat parallel-sided, with costa nearly (USNM). straight and ventral margin weakly upcur- Etymology.ÐThe speci®c epithet refers ved in distal 0.3; a conspicuous, dorsally to the submontane distribution of this spe- projecting, digitate process at base of sac- cies. culus; phallus short, phallobase about the same length as aedeagus; a short, thorny Oregocerata caucana Razowski and skirt at dorsal junction of phallobase and Brown, new species aedeagus; aedeagus slender, with a sclero- (Figs. 7, 13) tized distal process; vesica without cornuti. Diagnosis.ÐOregocerata caucana (Fig. Female: Unknown. 13) is most similar to O. chrysodetis (see Holotype.Ð(, Venezuela, Lara, Yacum- Clarke 1958: 235) in forewing length and 910 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Figs. 9±10. Female genitalia of Oregocerata.9,O. orcula 10. O. zonalis. maculation: both are pale orange with an pus pale grayish brown on inner surface, ill-de®ned fascia across the middle of the pale orange brown on outer surface; fan- wing, angled outward near the lower edge shaped patch of ¯attened orange scales be- of the discal cell. The forewing pattern is tween foreleg coxae and proboscis, with a slightly darker orange in O. caucana, with few longer scales at middle of patch. Tho- the apical region scaled with orange-brown. rax: Dorsum concolorous with head, slight- Because the holotype of O. chrysodetis ly browner anteriorly. Prothoracic leg with lacks the abdomen, the genitalia cannot be hairpencil. Forewing length 8.7 mm (n ϭ compared. On the basis of the aedeagus, O. 1); ground color whitish, densely strigulat- caucana appears to be most closely related ed and suffused with pale orange with to O. rhyparograpta and O. triangulana; sparse, small, inconspicuous dark specks; the spiny lobes of the anellus are most sim- an ill-de®ned, pale fascia across middle of ilar to those of the latter. Oregocerata cau- wing, angled outward at lower edge of dis- cana can be distinguished from its conge- cal cell; a row of 5±6 small brown dots ners by the short, curved distal processes of along termen. Fringe concolorous with the gnathos, which are considerably shorter ground color, with dark brown median line. than the basal portion of the gnathos (Fig. Hindwing whitish, tinged with cream in 7). The latter is the most conspicuous au- apical third. Abdomen: Male genitalia (Fig. tapomorphy for this species. 7; drawn from GS USNM 68623) with teg- Description.ÐHead: Vertex whitish, umen rather narrow; uncus simple, slender, tinged with pale brownish gray; labial pal- rather short, curved, pointed apically; socii VOLUME 107, NUMBER 4 911 comparatively slender, densely setose, ca. Oregocerata quadrifurcata Razowski and 0.8 length of basal portion of the gnathos; Brown, new species gnathos arms relatively slender, with distal (Figs. 8, 14) portion extremely short, weakly curved; Diagnosis.ÐOregocerata quadrifurcata transtilla narrow, inverted U-shaped, weak- is externally similar to O. caucana;itcan ly sclerotized at middle; valva broadest at be distinguished from its congeners by its base, gradually attenuate distally, with costa nearly uniform pale brown forewing (Fig. nearly straight and ventral margin weakly 14). The male genitalia (Fig. 8) are highly curved throughout; sacculus with a com- divergent from other Oregocerata, with a paratively short, dorsally projecting, digi- greatly expanded, quadrifurcate distal por- tate process at base; phallus short, fairly tion of the uncus, a pair of short, blunt pro- broad, curved dorsad terminally; phallobase cesses distally from the gnathos, and a about as long as aedeagus; a short, spiny highly modi®ed base of the sacculus, all of skirt at junction of phallobase and aedea- which are interpreted as autapomorphies. gus; vesica with one large and two small The dorsum of the aedeagus lacks the spiny cornuti, and a sclerotized distal plate. Fe- lobes of the anellus present in many spe- male: Unknown. cies. The species is provisionally assigned ( Holotype.Ð , Colombia, Cauca, PaÂra- to the genus on the basis of the digitate pro- mo de Parace, Lake San Rafael, 27 Jan cess at the base of the sacculus and the 1959, J. F. G. Clarke (USNM). patch of long, ¯attened orange scales ex- Etymology.ÐThe speci®c epithet refers tending from the base of the proboscis to to the Cauca region, Colombia. between the foreleg coxae, both characters of which are characteristic of Oregocerata. Oregocerata chrysodetis (Meyrick, 1926), Description.ÐHead: Vertex cream, new combination weakly tinged with brownish; labial palpus Tortrix chysodetis Meyrick 1926: 248 (de- elongate, pale grayish brown on inner sur- scription); Clarke 1958: 235 (illustration face, pale orange brown on outer surface, of adult). rust colored near junction of segments II ``'' chrysodetis: Powell et al. 1995: and III; fan-shaped patch of ¯attened or- 146 (checklist). ange scales extending from base of probos- cis to between prothoracic coxae. Thorax: Discussion.ÐClarke (1958: 235) illus- Dorsum concolorous with head. Prothoracic trated the holotype of Tortrix chrysodetis, leg with hairpencil. Forewing length 9.0 which lacks the abdomen. Because the gen- mm (n ϭ 1), apex short, sharp; termen italia are lost, this species has de®ed con- somewhat oblique; ground color pale gray- temporary generic assignment; it was treat- ish brown in basal area, tinged pale yellow- ed as ``Eulia'' chrysodetis by Powell et al. ish brown in remaining portion of wing; (1995), indicating uncertain placement. The dorsum and costa with pale orange-brown discovery of Oregocerata caucana (de- to rust-colored scaling; tiny black dots in scribed above), with a similar forewing median and subcostal parts of postbasal shape, size, and pattern, suggests that Eulia ®eld, along termen, and scattered in poste- chrysodetis likely belongs in Oregocerata. rior half of wing; dorsum dotted with white; Although it is possible that O. chrysodetis markings darker than suffusion, diffuse, and O. caucana are conspeci®c, subtle dif- represented by medial fascia and subapical ferences in forewing markings suggest oth- spots. Hindwing cream colored, lighter to- erwise. wards base, with weak strigulation in ter- Holotype.Ð&, Colombia, Central Cor- minal area. Abdomen: Male genitalia (Fig. dilleras (BMNH). 8; drawn from GS USNM 68623) with teg- 912 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Figs. 11±14. Adults of Oregocerata. 11, O. triangulana, 12, O. submontana, 13, O. caucana, 14, O. quad- rifurcata.

umen broad; uncus large, curved, greatly mo de Parace, Lake San Rafael, 27 Jan swollen distally, with large, ¯attened, 1959, J. F. G. Clarke (USNM). crown-shaped apex; socii large, compara- Etymology.ÐThe speci®c epithet refers tively broad, densely setose, extending to the somewhat quadrifurcate tip of the un- nearly to distal end of gnathos arms; gna- cus. thos arms relatively broad, with a pair of short, blunt subterminal processes; transtilla ACKNOWLEDGMENTS a slender bridge; valva nearly parallel-sided We thank the following for allowing us in basal half, weakly attenuate in distal half, to examine specimens in their care: Jerry truncate distally; dorsally projecting pro- Powell (UCB), Kevin Tuck (BMNH), and cess at base of sacculus large, thorny, with Vitor Becker (Serra Bonita, Brazil). We a smaller subtriangular prominence imme- thank the following for helpful reviews of diately distad becoming contiguous with the manuscript: Stuart McKamey, USDA sacculus; phallus short, aedeagus slightly Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Na- longer than phallobase, with slender termi- tional Museum of Natural History, Wash- nation, curved in basal 0.4; vesica with one ington, D.C. and Daniel Rubinoff, Univer- large curved and one smaller, straight cor- sity of Hawaii, Honolulu. The ®gures were nutus. Female: Unknown. drawn by JoÂzef Razowski and David Holotype.Ð(, Colombia, Cauca, PaÂra- Adamski; the latter prepared the plates. VOLUME 107, NUMBER 4 913

LITERATURE CITED aloideaÐTortricoidea. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera, Scienti®c Publishers, Gainesville, Brown, J. W. 1990. Taxonomic distribution and phy- Florida. logenetic signi®cance of the male foreleg hairpen- Razowski, J. 1988. New genera and species of the cil in the Tortricinae (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Neotropical Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Entomological News 101: 109±116. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 31: 387±422. Clarke, J. F. G. 1958. Catalogue of the type specimens . 1997. Euliini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) of of microlepidoptera in the British Museum (Nat- Peru with descriptions of new taxa and list of the ural History) described by Edward Meyrick, Vol- ume 3. Trustees of the British Museum, London. New World genera. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 600 pp. 40: 79±105. Meyrick, E. 1926. Exotic Microlepidoptera 3(8): 225± . 1999. Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from Ecuador. 256. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 42: 321±342. Powell, J. A., J. Razowski, and J. W. Brown. 1995. Razowski, J. and V. O. Becker. 2002. Description of Tortricidae: Tortricinae, Chlidanotinae, pp. 138± new species of some known or new Neotropical 151. In Heppner, J. B., ed. Atlas of Neotropical Euliini genera (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). SHILAP Lepidoptera, Checklist Part II: HyblaeoideaÐPyr- Revista de Lepidopterologia 30: 315±323.